1
|
Li AL, Sugiura K, Nishiwaki N, Suzuki K, Sadeghian D, Zhao J, Maitra A, Falvo D, Chandwani R, Pitarresi JR, Sims PA, Rustgi AK. FRA1 controls acinar cell plasticity during murine Kras G12D-induced pancreatic acinar to ductal metaplasia. Dev Cell 2024:S1534-5807(24)00483-0. [PMID: 39178842 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2024.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
Acinar cells have been proposed as a cell-of-origin for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) after undergoing acinar-to-ductal metaplasia (ADM). ADM can be triggered by pancreatitis, causing acinar cells to de-differentiate to a ductal-like state. We identify FRA1 (gene name Fosl1) as the most active transcription factor during KrasG12D acute pancreatitis-mediated injury, and we have elucidated a functional role of FRA1 by generating an acinar-specific Fosl1 knockout mouse expressing KrasG12D. Using a gene regulatory network and pseudotime trajectory inferred from single-nuclei ATAC-seq and bulk RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), we hypothesized a regulatory model of the acinar-ADM-pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) continuum and experimentally validated that Fosl1 knockout mice are delayed in the onset of ADM and neoplastic transformation. Our study also identifies that pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), can regulate FRA1 activity to modulate ADM. Our findings identify that FRA1 is a mediator of acinar cell plasticity and is critical for acinar cell de-differentiation and transformation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alina L Li
- Divison of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Kensuke Sugiura
- Divison of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Noriyuki Nishiwaki
- Divison of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Kensuke Suzuki
- Divison of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of General Surgery, Chiba University, Chiba 260-0856, Japan
| | - Dorsay Sadeghian
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Sheikh Ahmed Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Sheikh Ahmed Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Anirban Maitra
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Sheikh Ahmed Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - David Falvo
- Department of Surgery and of Cell and Developmental Biology, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill-Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Rohit Chandwani
- Department of Surgery and of Cell and Developmental Biology, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill-Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jason R Pitarresi
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan School of Medicine, Worchester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Peter A Sims
- Department of Systems Biology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Anil K Rustgi
- Divison of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Saha R, Majie A, Baidya R, Sarkar B. Verbascoside: comprehensive review of a phenylethanoid macromolecule and its journey from nature to bench. Inflammopharmacology 2024:10.1007/s10787-024-01555-3. [PMID: 39162902 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-024-01555-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
Polyphenolic compounds are among the most widely researched compounds for various therapeutic applications. However, naturally occurring phenylethanoid glycosides are least explored under this class of compounds. One such phenylethanoid glycoside, verbascoside (Vb), abundantly found among 200 species of 23 families, has gained recent attention due to its wide-spectrum therapeutic properties such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, cardioprotective, skin-protective, and anti-cancer. Despite having multiple therapeutic benefits, due to its large size, the compound has poor bioavailability for oral and topical applications. To meet these limitations, current research on Vb focuses on delivering it through nanoformulations. Presently, most developed formulations are liposome based for various applications, such as corneal epithelial wound healing, anti-neuropathic, anti-wrinkle, anti-hyperalgesia, atopic dermatitis, alopecia, and cutaneous wound healing. Multiple studies have confirmed the least acute and sub-acute toxicity for Vb. Few clinical studies have been performed for the therapeutic application of Vb to manage COVID-19, nephropathy, platelet aggregation, chronic primary glomerulonephritis, and acute hepatitis. Recent studies have shown the immense therapeutic potential of Vb in wound healing, dermatitis, neuroprotection, and anti-cancer activities, which creates a need for developing novel formulations for their respective uses. Long-term toxicity studies and techniques for scaling up Vb production by biotechnological approaches should be emphasized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajdeep Saha
- Group Polyphenol-BIT, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, 835215, India
| | - Ankit Majie
- Group Polyphenol-BIT, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, 835215, India
| | - Ritika Baidya
- Group Polyphenol-BIT, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, 835215, India
| | - Biswatrish Sarkar
- Group Polyphenol-BIT, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, 835215, India.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhu W, Chen Y, Xiao J, Cheng C, Ma G, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Chen M. Ferroptosis-Related Genes in IgA Nephropathy: Screening for Potential Targets of the Mechanism. Int J Genomics 2024; 2024:8851124. [PMID: 39171207 PMCID: PMC11338665 DOI: 10.1155/2024/8851124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Aims: Exploring key genes and potential molecular pathways of ferroptosis in immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN). Methods: The IgAN datasets and ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) were obtained in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and FerrDb database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using R software and intersected with FRGs to obtain differentially expressed FRGs (DE-FRGs). After that, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis (PEA) and Gene Ontology (GO) functional annotation were performed on DE-FRGs. In the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING) website, we construct a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. The PPI network was further investigated with screening hub genes with Cytoscape software. The core genes were then subjected to gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Finally, the samples were analyzed for immune infiltration in R, and the correlation between hub genes and immune cells was analyzed. Results: A total of 347 DEGs were identified. CD44, CDO1, CYBB, IL1B, RRM2, AKR1C1, activated transcription factor-3 (ATF3), CDKN1A, GDF15, JUN, MGST1, MIOX, MT1G, NR4A1, PDK4, TNFAIP3, and ZFP36 were determined as DE-FRGs. JUN, IL1B, and ATF3 were then screened as hub genes. GSEA and immune infiltration analysis revealed that the hub genes were closely associated with immune inflammatory responses such as NOD-like receptor signaling, IL-17 signaling, and TNF signaling. Conclusions: Our results show that JUN and ATF3 are possibly critical genes in the process of IgAN ferroptosis and may be related with immune cell infiltration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Zhu
- Department of Renal DivisionHeilongjiang Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Harbin, China
- College of Traditional Chinese MedicineChangchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Yao Chen
- Department of Renal DivisionHeilongjiang Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Jing Xiao
- Department of Renal DivisionHeilongjiang Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Chuchu Cheng
- Department of Renal DivisionHeilongjiang Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Guijie Ma
- Department of Renal DivisionHeilongjiang Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Renal DivisionHeilongjiang Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Yonggang Zhang
- Department of Renal DivisionFirst People's Hospital of Qiqihar City, Qiqihar, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Renal DivisionHeilongjiang Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Harbin, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Croushore EE, Stipp CS, Gordon DJ. EWS-FLI1 and Activator Protein-1 (AP-1) Reciprocally Regulate Extracellular-Matrix Proteins in Ewing sarcoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8595. [PMID: 39201282 PMCID: PMC11354993 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25168595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) is the rate-limiting enzyme in the synthesis of deoxyribonucleotides and the target of multiple chemotherapy drugs, including gemcitabine. We previously identified that inhibition of RNR in Ewing sarcoma tumors upregulates the expression levels of multiple members of the activator protein-1 (AP-1) transcription factor family, including c-Jun and c-Fos, and downregulates the expression of c-Myc. However, the broader functions and downstream targets of AP-1, which are highly context- and cell-dependent, are unknown in Ewing sarcoma tumors. Consequently, in this work, we used genetically defined models, transcriptome profiling, and gene-set -enrichment analysis to identify that AP-1 and EWS-FLI1, the driver oncogene in most Ewing sarcoma tumors, reciprocally regulate the expression of multiple extracellular-matrix proteins, including fibronectins, integrins, and collagens. AP-1 expression in Ewing sarcoma cells also drives, concurrent with these perturbations in gene and protein expression, changes in cell morphology and phenotype. We also identified that EWS-FLI1 dysregulates the expression of multiple AP-1 proteins, aligning with previous reports demonstrating genetic and physical interactions between EWS-FLI1 and AP-1. Overall, these results provide novel insights into the distinct, EWS-FLI1-dependent features of Ewing sarcoma tumors and identify a novel, reciprocal regulation of extracellular-matrix components by EWS-FLI1 and AP-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma E. Croushore
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;
| | - Christopher S. Stipp
- Department of Biology, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;
| | - David J. Gordon
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Huang M, Wang X, Zhang M, Liu Y, Chen YG. METTL3 restricts RIPK1-dependent cell death via the ATF3-cFLIP axis in the intestinal epithelium. CELL REGENERATION (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2024; 13:14. [PMID: 39093347 PMCID: PMC11297012 DOI: 10.1186/s13619-024-00197-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) are pivotal for maintaining intestinal homeostasis through self-renewal, proliferation, differentiation, and regulated cell death. While apoptosis and necroptosis are recognized as distinct pathways, their intricate interplay remains elusive. In this study, we report that Mettl3-mediated m6A modification maintains intestinal homeostasis by impeding epithelial cell death. Mettl3 knockout induces both apoptosis and necroptosis in IECs. Targeting different modes of cell death with specific inhibitors unveils that RIPK1 kinase activity is critical for the cell death triggered by Mettl3 knockout. Mechanistically, this occurs via the m6A-mediated transcriptional regulation of Atf3, a transcription factor that directly binds to Cflar, the gene encoding the anti-cell death protein cFLIP. cFLIP inhibits RIPK1 activity, thereby suppressing downstream apoptotic and necroptotic signaling. Together, these findings delineate the essential role of the METTL3-ATF3-cFLIP axis in homeostatic regulation of the intestinal epithelium by blocking RIPK1 activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meimei Huang
- The State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510700, China
| | - Xiaodan Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Mengxian Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Ye-Guang Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
- The MOE Basic Research and Innovation Center for the Targeted Therapeutics of Solid Tumors, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China.
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510700, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hu L, Wu N, Wang J, Yao M, Han B. Network Pharmacology Combined with Bioinformatics Analysis to Texplore the Potential Mechanism of Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex Against Bladder Cancer. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024:10.1007/s12013-024-01414-6. [PMID: 39023680 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-024-01414-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
The pharmacological mechanism of Phellodendri Chinensis cortex (PCC) against diseases, especially bladder cancer (BC), has never been reported systematically. This study was designed to explore potential mechanism of PCC in treatment of BC. First, we used network pharmacology to discover the potential mechanism of Phellodendri Chinensis cortex and phellodendrine against bladder cancer. Then, we used bioinformatics analysis to verify the correlation between gene expression analysis, survival analysis and common targets. Finally, molecular docking was used to calculate the binding energies of phellodendrine and common targets.A total of 264 targets for PCC were predicted, and 391 BC-related targets were obtained from 4 databases. There were 54 potential targets, 315 biological processes, and 120 signaling pathways involved for PCC against BC. The CDKN2A expression increased and the ESR1, JUN, IL6, AR, and PTGS2 levels decreased in BC according to Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis version 2. The high expression of JUN, MYC, EGFR, and EGF and low expression of VEGFA and PPARG were associated with short overall survival (OS). The high expression of AKT1, EGFR, and EGF and low expression of IL1β were associated with poor disease-free survival (DFS). The search of the intersection of phellodendrine and BC targets yielded 11 common targets, 50 biological processes, and 13 signaling pathways involved. High AURKA and FASN and low ESR1, JUN, ABCB1, and PTGS1 were expressed in BC. The high expression of FASN, ABCC1, PTGS1, JUN, and PIK3CA was associated with short OS, the high expression of PIK3CA and ABCC1 was associated with poor DFS prognosis. Phellodendrine showed a better binding affinity for PTGS2 protein with a docking score of -7.183 and a MM-GBSA result of -46.47 kcal/mol. This study revealed potential mechanism of PCC and phellodendrine against BC through network pharmacology and bioinformatics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lili Hu
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
- College of Basic Medicine, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, 030619, China.
- Shanxi Di'an Medical Inspection Center Co., Ltd., Taiyuan, 030006, China.
| | - Na Wu
- College of Basic Medicine, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Jue Wang
- College of Basic Medicine, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Mingze Yao
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Bo Han
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
- College of Basic Medicine, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, 030619, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang Z, Li Z, Luan T, Cui G, Shu S, Liang Y, Zhang K, Xiao J, Yu W, Cui J, Li A, Peng G, Fang Y. A spatiotemporal molecular atlas of mouse spinal cord injury identifies a distinct astrocyte subpopulation and therapeutic potential of IGFBP2. Dev Cell 2024:S1534-5807(24)00394-0. [PMID: 39029468 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2024.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) triggers a cascade of intricate molecular and cellular changes that determine the outcome. In this study, we resolve the spatiotemporal organization of the injured mouse spinal cord and quantitatively assess in situ cell-cell communication following SCI. By analyzing existing single-cell RNA sequencing datasets alongside our spatial data, we delineate a subpopulation of Igfbp2-expressing astrocytes that migrate from the white matter (WM) to gray matter (GM) and become reactive upon SCI, termed Astro-GMii. Further, Igfbp2 upregulation promotes astrocyte migration, proliferation, and reactivity, and the secreted IGFBP2 protein fosters neurite outgrowth. Finally, we show that IGFBP2 significantly reduces neuronal loss and remarkably improves the functional recovery in a mouse model of SCI in vivo. Together, this study not only provides a comprehensive molecular atlas of SCI but also exemplifies how this rich resource can be applied to endow cells and genes with functional insight and therapeutic potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeqing Wang
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhuxia Li
- Center for Cell Lineage and Development, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, GIBH-CUHK Joint Research Laboratory on Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tianle Luan
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guizhong Cui
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou 510005, China
| | - Shunpan Shu
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yiyao Liang
- Key Laboratory of CNS Regeneration (Ministry of Education), Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-human Primate Research, GHM Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jingshu Xiao
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou 510005, China
| | - Wei Yu
- Key Laboratory of CNS Regeneration (Ministry of Education), Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-human Primate Research, GHM Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jihong Cui
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Ang Li
- Key Laboratory of CNS Regeneration (Ministry of Education), Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-human Primate Research, GHM Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Guangdun Peng
- Center for Cell Lineage and Development, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, GIBH-CUHK Joint Research Laboratory on Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Yanshan Fang
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Liu N, Chen Y, An T, Tao S, Lv B, Dou J, Deng R, Zhen X, Zhang Y, Lu C, Chang Z, Jiang G. Lysophosphatidylcholine trigger myocardial injury in diabetic cardiomyopathy via the TLR4/ZNF480/AP-1/NF-kB pathway. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33601. [PMID: 39040275 PMCID: PMC11260982 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DC), a frequent complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), is mainly associated with severe adverse outcomes. Previous research has highlighted the role of Lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) in inducing myocardial injury; however, the specific mechanisms through which LPC mediate such injury in DC remain elusive. The existing knowledge gap underscores the need for additional clarification. Consequently, this study aimed to explore the impact and underlying mechanisms of LPC on myocardial injury in DC. Methods A total of 55 patients diagnosed with T2DM and 62 healthy controls were involved. A combination of 16s rRNA sequencing, metabolomic analysis, transcriptomic RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq), and whole exome sequencing (WES) was performed on fecal and peripheral blood samples collected from the participants. Following this, correlation analysis was carried out, and the results were further validated through the mouse model of T2DM. Results Four LPC variants distinguishing T2DM patients from healthy controls were identified, all of which were upregulated in T2DM patients. Specifically, Lysopc (16:0, 2 N isoform) and LPC (16:0) exhibited a positive correlation with nuclear factor kappa B subunit 2 (NFKB2) and a negative correlation with Zinc finger protein 480 (ZNF480) Furthermore, the expression levels of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), c-Jun, c-Fos, and NFKB2 were upregulated in the peripheral blood of T2DM patients and in the myocardial tissue of T2DM mice, whereas ZNF480 expression level was downregulated. Lastly, myocardial injury was identified in T2DM mice. Conclusions The results indicated that LPC could induce myocardial injury in DC through the TLR4/ZNF480/AP-1/NF-kB pathway, providing a precise target for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of DC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Liu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Chen
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, City Urumqi, China
| | - Tian An
- Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Siyu Tao
- Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Bohan Lv
- Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jinfang Dou
- Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ruxue Deng
- Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xianjie Zhen
- Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yuelin Zhang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Caizhong Lu
- Guangming Traditional Chinese Medecine Hospital of Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongsheng Chang
- Guangming Traditional Chinese Medecine Hospital of Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangjian Jiang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Thi TN, Thanh HD, Nguyen VT, Kwon SY, Moon C, Hwang EC, Jung C. Complement regulatory protein CD46 promotes bladder cancer metastasis through activation of MMP9. Int J Oncol 2024; 65:71. [PMID: 38847230 PMCID: PMC11173367 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2024.5659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
CD46, a transmembrane protein known for protecting cells from complement‑mediated damage, is frequently dysregulated in various types of cancer. Its overexpression in bladder cancers safeguards the cancer cells against both complement and antibody‑mediated cytotoxicity. The present study explored a new role of CD46 in facilitating cancer cell invasion and metastasis, examining its regulatory effect on matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) and their effect on the metastatic capability of bladder cancer cells. Specifically, CD46 alteration positively influenced MMP9 expression, but not MMP2, in several bladder cancer cell lines. Furthermore, CD46 overexpression triggered phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and protein kinase B (AKT), leading to enhanced activator protein 1 (AP‑1) activity via c‑Jun upregulation. The inhibition of p38 or AKT pathways attenuated the CD46‑induced MMP9 and AP‑1 upregulation, indicating that the promotion of MMP9 by CD46 involved activating both p38 MAPK and AKT. Functionally, the upregulation of MMP9 by CD46 translated to increased migratory and invasive capabilities of bladder cancer cells, as well as enhanced in vivo metastasis. Overall, the present study revealed a novel role for CD46 as a metastasis promoter through MMP9 activation in bladder cancers and highlighted the regulatory mechanism of CD46‑mediated MMP9 promotion via p38 MAPK and AKT activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thuy Nguyen Thi
- Department of Anatomy, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Hien Duong Thanh
- Department of Anatomy, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Van-Tan Nguyen
- Department of Biomedical Science, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Young Kwon
- Department of Anatomy, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Changjong Moon
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Eu Chang Hwang
- Department of Urology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Chaeyong Jung
- Department of Anatomy, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zheng S, Liu Y. Progress in the Study of Fra-2 in Respiratory Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7143. [PMID: 39000247 PMCID: PMC11240912 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Fos-related antigen-2 (Fra-2) is a member of the activating protein-1 (AP-1) family of transcription factors. It is involved in controlling cell growth and differentiation by regulating the production of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and coordinating the balance of signals within and outside the cell. Fra-2 is not only closely related to bone development, metabolism, and immune system and eye development but also in the progression of respiratory conditions like lung tumors, asthma, pulmonary fibrosis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The increased expression and activation of Fra-2 in various lung diseases has been shown in several studies. However, the specific molecular mechanisms through which Fra-2 affects the development of respiratory diseases are not yet understood. The purpose of this research is to summarize and delineate advancements in the study of the involvement of transcription factor Fra-2 in disorders related to the respiratory system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuping Zheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ozturk T, Mignot J, Gattazzo F, Gervais M, Relaix F, Rouard H, Didier N. Dual inhibition of P38 MAPK and JNK pathways preserves stemness markers and alleviates premature activation of muscle stem cells during isolation. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:179. [PMID: 38902774 PMCID: PMC11191274 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03795-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adult skeletal muscle contains resident muscle stem cells (MuSC) with high myogenic and engraftment potentials, making them suitable for cell therapy and regenerative medicine approaches. However, purification process of MuSC remains a major hurdle to their use in the clinic. Indeed, muscle tissue enzymatic dissociation triggers a massive activation of stress signaling pathways, among which P38 and JNK MAPK, associated with a premature loss of MuSC quiescence. While the role of these pathways in the myogenic progression of MuSC is well established, the extent to which their dissociation-induced activation affects the functionality of these cells remains unexplored. METHODS We assessed the effect of P38 and JNK MAPK induction on stemness marker expression and MuSC activation state during isolation by pharmacological approaches. MuSC functionality was evaluated by in vitro assays and in vivo transplantation experiments. We performed a comparative analysis of the transcriptome of human MuSC purified with pharmacological inhibitors of P38 and JNK MAPK (SB202190 and SP600125, respectively) versus available RNAseq resources. RESULTS We monitored PAX7 protein levels in murine MuSC during muscle dissociation and demonstrated a two-step decline partly dependent on P38 and JNK MAPK activities. We showed that simultaneous inhibition of these pathways throughout the MuSC isolation process preserves the expression of stemness markers and limits their premature activation, leading to improved survival and amplification in vitro as well as increased engraftment in vivo. Through a comparative RNAseq analysis of freshly isolated human MuSC, we provide evidence that our findings in murine MuSC could be relevant to human MuSC. Based on these findings, we implemented a purification strategy, significantly improving the recovery yields of human MuSC. CONCLUSION Our study highlights the pharmacological limitation of P38 and JNK MAPK activities as a suitable strategy to qualitatively and quantitatively ameliorate human MuSC purification process, which could be of great interest for cell-based therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teoman Ozturk
- Univ Paris Est Creteil, INSERM, EFS, IMRB, 94010, Creteil, France
| | - Julien Mignot
- Univ Paris Est Creteil, INSERM, EFS, IMRB, 94010, Creteil, France
| | | | - Marianne Gervais
- Univ Paris Est Creteil, INSERM, EFS, IMRB, 94010, Creteil, France
| | - Frédéric Relaix
- Univ Paris Est Creteil, INSERM, EFS, IMRB, 94010, Creteil, France
- EnvA, IMRB, 94700, Maisons-Alfort, France
- AP-HP, Hopital Mondor, Service d'histologie, 94010, Creteil, France
| | - Hélène Rouard
- Univ Paris Est Creteil, INSERM, EFS, IMRB, 94010, Creteil, France
- AP-HP, Hopital Mondor, Service d'histologie, 94010, Creteil, France
| | - Nathalie Didier
- Univ Paris Est Creteil, INSERM, EFS, IMRB, 94010, Creteil, France.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Miranda AX, Kemp J, Davidson BA, Bellomo SE, Miranda VE, Manoni A, Marchiò C, Croessmann S, Park BH, Hodges E. Genomic dissection and mutation-specific target discovery for breast cancer PIK3CA hotspot mutations. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:519. [PMID: 38802751 PMCID: PMC11129441 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10368-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent advancements in high-throughput genomics and targeted therapies have provided tremendous potential to identify and therapeutically target distinct mutations associated with cancers. However, to date the majority of targeted therapies are used to treat all functional mutations within the same gene, regardless of affected codon or phenotype. RESULTS In this study, we developed a functional genomic analysis workflow with a unique isogenic cell line panel bearing two distinct hotspot PIK3CA mutations, E545K and H1047R, to accurately identify targetable differences between mutations within the same gene. We performed RNA-seq and ATAC-seq and identified distinct transcriptomic and epigenomic differences associated with each PIK3CA hotspot mutation. We used this data to curate a select CRISPR knock out screen to identify mutation-specific gene pathway vulnerabilities. These data revealed AREG as a E545K-preferential target that was further validated through in vitro analysis and publicly available patient databases. CONCLUSIONS Using our multi-modal genomics framework, we discover distinct differences in genomic regulation between PIK3CA hotspot mutations, suggesting the PIK3CA mutations have different regulatory effects on the function and downstream signaling of the PI3K complex. Our results demonstrate the potential to rapidly uncover mutation specific molecular targets, specifically AREG and a proximal gene regulatory region, that may provide clinically relevant therapeutic targets. The methods outlined provide investigators with an integrative strategy to identify mutation-specific targets for the treatment of other oncogenic mutations in an isogenic system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam X Miranda
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Justin Kemp
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Brad A Davidson
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Verda E Miranda
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Alexandra Manoni
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Caterina Marchiò
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, TO, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Sarah Croessmann
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Ben H Park
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - Emily Hodges
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Schulze WJ, Gregory DA, Johnson MC, Lange MJ. Genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 screen reveals JunB downmodulation of HIV co-receptor CXCR4. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1342444. [PMID: 38835488 PMCID: PMC11149427 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1342444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
HIV-1 relies extensively on host cell machinery for replication. Identification and characterization of these host-virus interactions is vital to our understanding of viral replication and the consequences of infection in cells. Several prior screens have identified host factors important for HIV replication but with limited replication of findings, likely due to differences in experimental design and conditions. Thus, unidentified factors likely exist. To identify novel host factors required for HIV-1 infection, we performed a genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 screen using HIV-induced cell death as a partitioning method. We created a gene knockout library in TZM-GFP reporter cells using GeCKOv2, which targets 19,050 genes, and infected the library with a lethal dose of HIV-1NL4-3. We hypothesized that cells with a knockout of a gene critical for HIV infection would survive while cells with a knockout of a non-consequential gene would undergo HIV-induced death and be lost from the population. Surviving cells were analyzed by high throughput sequencing of the integrated CRISPR/Cas9 cassette to identify the gene knockout. Of the gene targets, an overwhelming majority of the surviving cells harbored the guide sequence for the AP-1 transcription factor family protein, JunB. Upon the generation of a clonal JunB knockout cell line, we found that HIV-1NL4-3 infection was blocked in the absence of JunB. The phenotype resulted from downregulation of CXCR4, as infection levels were recovered by reintroduction of CXCR4 in JunB KO cells. Thus, JunB downmodulates CXCR4 expression in TZM-GFP cells, reducing CXCR4-tropic HIV infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Margaret J. Lange
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Louie JD, Barrios-Camacho CM, Bromberg BH, Hintschich CA, Schwob JE. Spatiotemporal dynamics exhibited by horizontal basal cells reveal a pro-neurogenic pathway during injury-induced olfactory epithelium regeneration. iScience 2024; 27:109600. [PMID: 38650985 PMCID: PMC11033173 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Horizontal basal cells (HBCs) mediate olfactory epithelium (OE) regeneration following severe tissue injury. The dynamism of the post-injury environment is well illustrated by in silico modeling of RNA sequencing data that demonstrate an evolving HBC transcriptome. Unfortunately, spatiotemporally dynamic processes occurring within HBCs in situ remain poorly understood. Here, we show that HBCs at 24 h post-OE injury spatially redistribute a constellation of proteins, which, in turn, helped to nominate Rac1 as a regulator of HBC differentiation during OE regeneration. Using our primary culture model to activate HBCs pharmacologically, we demonstrate that concurrent Rac1 inhibition attenuates HBC differentiation potential. This in vitro functional impairment manifested in vivo as decreased HBC differentiation into olfactory sensory neurons following HBC-specific Rac1 conditional knockout. Taken together, our data potentiate the design of hyposmia-alleviating therapies and highlight aspects of in situ HBC spatiotemporal dynamics that deserve further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan D. Louie
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Tufts University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Boston, MA 02111, USA
- Department of Developmental, Molecular & Chemical Biology, Tufts University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Camila M. Barrios-Camacho
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Tufts University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Boston, MA 02111, USA
- Department of Developmental, Molecular & Chemical Biology, Tufts University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Benjamin H. Bromberg
- Department of Developmental, Molecular & Chemical Biology, Tufts University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Constantin A. Hintschich
- Department of Developmental, Molecular & Chemical Biology, Tufts University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Boston, MA 02111, USA
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
- Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - James E. Schwob
- Department of Developmental, Molecular & Chemical Biology, Tufts University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Barouh A, Nadoushan MJ, Soltanipur M. Comparison of Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA) Expression among Nasal Polyp and Chronic Rhinosinusitis. ACTA OTORRINOLARINGOLOGICA ESPANOLA 2024:S2173-5735(24)00048-6. [PMID: 38723777 DOI: 10.1016/j.otoeng.2024.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Chronic rhinosinusitis is a common inflammatory disorder in sinonasal mucosa that could be developed with or without nasal polyps. Cellular proliferation is suggested as a possible mechanism of nasal polyp development. However, conducted studies in this context are limited. So, the present study's aim is the comparison of Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression in nasal polyps and chronic rhinosinusitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 70 nasal polyp and 60 chronic rhinosinusitis samples from patients referred to Mostafa Khomeini Hospital, Tehran from 2017 to 2022 were immunohistochemically stained by PCNA marker. The percentage of PCNA nuclear expression was determined in two groups and its association with the type of pathological lesion and the patient's age and sex was analyzed by SPSS statistic software version 24 statistical software (IBM Statistics, USA). RESULTS The mean expression of PCNA in nasal polyp and chronic rhinosinusitis samples was 16.55% ± 13.66 and 17.58% ± 12.68 respectively (ranging from 0 to 57% in both groups) however, there was no significant statistical difference between the two groups (p = 0.479). No relationship was found between PCNA expression with age and sex in none of the chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyp groups. CONCLUSION Proliferative activity of the nasal epithelial cell is similar in chronic rhinosinusitis with and without nasal polyps and it is considered that the increase of epithelial cell proliferative activity probably has no role in nasal polyp development in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Barouh
- Medical Students Research Committee, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Masood Soltanipur
- Medical Students Research Committee, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran; Quality of Life Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Huang X, Li Y, Zhang J, Yan L, Zhao H, Ding L, Bhatara S, Yang X, Yoshimura S, Yang W, Karol SE, Inaba H, Mullighan C, Litzow M, Zhu X, Zhang Y, Stock W, Jain N, Jabbour E, Kornblau SM, Konopleva M, Pui CH, Paietta E, Evans W, Yu J, Yang JJ. Single-cell systems pharmacology identifies development-driven drug response and combination therapy in B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Cancer Cell 2024; 42:552-567.e6. [PMID: 38593781 PMCID: PMC11008188 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2024.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Leukemia can arise at various stages of the hematopoietic differentiation hierarchy, but the impact of developmental arrest on drug sensitivity is unclear. Applying network-based analyses to single-cell transcriptomes of human B cells, we define genome-wide signaling circuitry for each B cell differentiation stage. Using this reference, we comprehensively map the developmental states of B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), revealing its strong correlation with sensitivity to asparaginase, a commonly used chemotherapeutic agent. Single-cell multi-omics analyses of primary B-ALL blasts reveal marked intra-leukemia heterogeneity in asparaginase response: resistance is linked to pre-pro-B-like cells, with sensitivity associated with the pro-B-like population. By targeting BCL2, a driver within the pre-pro-B-like cell signaling network, we find that venetoclax significantly potentiates asparaginase efficacy in vitro and in vivo. These findings demonstrate a single-cell systems pharmacology framework to predict effective combination therapies based on intra-leukemia heterogeneity in developmental state, with potentially broad applications beyond B-ALL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Huang
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA; Institute of Health and Medicine, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Yizhen Li
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA; Department of Hematology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215003, China
| | - Jingliao Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics Blood Diseases Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Lei Yan
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Huanbin Zhao
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Liang Ding
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Sheetal Bhatara
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Xu Yang
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Satoshi Yoshimura
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Wenjian Yang
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Seth E Karol
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Hiroto Inaba
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Charles Mullighan
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA; Hematological Malignancies Program, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Mark Litzow
- Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Xiaofan Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics Blood Diseases Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Yingchi Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics Blood Diseases Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Wendy Stock
- Department of Medicine Section of Hematology-Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Nitin Jain
- Department of Leukemia, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Elias Jabbour
- Department of Leukemia, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Steven M Kornblau
- Department of Leukemia, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Marina Konopleva
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Ching-Hon Pui
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA; Hematological Malignancies Program, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Elisabeth Paietta
- Cancer Center, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - William Evans
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Jiyang Yu
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.
| | - Jun J Yang
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA; Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA; Hematological Malignancies Program, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Alamin M, Humaira Sultana M, Babarinde IA, Azad AKM, Moni MA, Xu H. Single-cell RNA-seq data analysis reveals functionally relevant biomarkers of early brain development and their regulatory footprints in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). Brief Bioinform 2024; 25:bbae230. [PMID: 38739758 PMCID: PMC11089419 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbae230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The complicated process of neuronal development is initiated early in life, with the genetic mechanisms governing this process yet to be fully elucidated. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) is a potent instrument for pinpointing biomarkers that exhibit differential expression across various cell types and developmental stages. By employing scRNA-seq on human embryonic stem cells, we aim to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) crucial for early-stage neuronal development. Our focus extends beyond simply identifying DEGs. We strive to investigate the functional roles of these genes through enrichment analysis and construct gene regulatory networks to understand their interactions. Ultimately, this comprehensive approach aspires to illuminate the molecular mechanisms and transcriptional dynamics governing early human brain development. By uncovering potential links between these DEGs and intelligence, mental disorders, and neurodevelopmental disorders, we hope to shed light on human neurological health and disease. In this study, we have used scRNA-seq to identify DEGs involved in early-stage neuronal development in hESCs. The scRNA-seq data, collected on days 26 (D26) and 54 (D54), of the in vitro differentiation of hESCs to neurons were analyzed. Our analysis identified 539 DEGs between D26 and D54. Functional enrichment of those DEG biomarkers indicated that the up-regulated DEGs participated in neurogenesis, while the down-regulated DEGs were linked to synapse regulation. The Reactome pathway analysis revealed that down-regulated DEGs were involved in the interactions between proteins located in synapse pathways. We also discovered interactions between DEGs and miRNA, transcriptional factors (TFs) and DEGs, and between TF and miRNA. Our study identified 20 significant transcription factors, shedding light on early brain development genetics. The identified DEGs and gene regulatory networks are valuable resources for future research into human brain development and neurodevelopmental disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Alamin
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Systems Biology, Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
| | | | - Isaac Adeyemi Babarinde
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Systems Biology, Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - A K M Azad
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science, Imam Muhammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh 11432, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Ali Moni
- Artificial Intelligence and Cyber Futures Institute, Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, NSW 2795, Australia
| | - Haiming Xu
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Patra P, Gao YQ. Structural and dynamical aspect of DNA motif sequence specific binding of AP-1 transcription factor. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:115103. [PMID: 38506297 DOI: 10.1063/5.0196508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Activator protein-1 (AP-1) comprises one of the largest and most evolutionary conserved families of ubiquitous eukaryotic transcription factors that act as a pioneer factor. Diversity in DNA binding interaction of AP-1 through a conserved basic-zipper (bZIP) domain directs in-depth understanding of how AP-1 achieves its DNA binding selectivity and consequently gene regulation specificity. Here, we address the structural and dynamical aspects of the DNA target recognition process of AP-1 using microsecond-long atomistic simulations based on the structure of the human AP-1 FosB/JunD bZIP-DNA complex. Our results show the unique role of DNA shape features in selective base specific interactions, characteristic ion population, and solvation properties of DNA grooves to form the motif sequence specific AP-1-DNA complex. The TpG step at the two terminals of the AP-1 site plays an important role in the structural adjustment of DNA by modifying the helical twist in the AP-1 bound state. We addressed the role of intrinsic motion of the bZIP domain in terms of opening and closing gripper motions of DNA binding helices, in target site recognition and binding of AP-1 factors. Our observations suggest that binding to the cognate motif in DNA is mainly accompanied with the precise adjustment of closing gripper motion of DNA binding helices of the bZIP domain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Piya Patra
- Institute of Systems and Physical Biology, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, 518107 Shenzhen, China
| | - Yi Qin Gao
- Institute of Systems and Physical Biology, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, 518107 Shenzhen, China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, China
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, China
- Changping Laboratory, Beijing 102200, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Dickinson SE, Vaishampayan P, Jandova J, Ai Y(E, Kirschnerova V, Zhang T, Calvert V, Petricoin E, Chow HHS, Hu C, Roe D, Bode A, Curiel-Lewandrowski C, Wondrak GT. Inhibition of UV-Induced Stress Signaling and Inflammatory Responses in SKH-1 Mouse Skin by Topical Small-Molecule PD-L1 Blockade. JID INNOVATIONS 2024; 4:100255. [PMID: 38328594 PMCID: PMC10847774 DOI: 10.1016/j.xjidi.2023.100255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The immune checkpoint ligand PD-L1 has emerged as a molecular target for skin cancer therapy and might also hold promise for preventive intervention targeting solar UV light-induced skin damage. In this study, we have explored the role of PD-L1 in acute keratinocytic photodamage testing the effects of small-molecule pharmacological inhibition. Epidermal PD-L1 upregulation in response to chronic photodamage was established using immunohistochemical and proteomic analyses of a human skin cohort, consistent with earlier observations that PD-L1 is upregulated in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Topical application of the small-molecule PD-L1 inhibitor BMS-202 significantly attenuated UV-induced activator protein-1 transcriptional activity in SKH-1 bioluminescent reporter mouse skin, also confirmed in human HaCaT reporter keratinocytes. RT-qPCR analysis revealed that BMS-202 antagonized UV induction of inflammatory gene expression. Likewise, UV-induced cleavage of procaspase-3, a hallmark of acute skin photodamage, was attenuated by topical BMS-202. NanoString nCounter transcriptomic analysis confirmed downregulation of cutaneous innate immunity- and inflammation-related responses, together with upregulation of immune response pathway gene expression. Further mechanistic analysis confirmed that BMS-202 antagonizes UV-induced PD-L1 expression both at the mRNA and protein levels in SKH-1 epidermis. These data suggest that topical pharmacological PD-L1 antagonism using BMS-202 shows promise for skin protection against photodamage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sally E. Dickinson
- The University of Arizona Cancer Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine Tucson, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
- Skin Cancer Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Prajakta Vaishampayan
- The University of Arizona Cancer Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Jana Jandova
- The University of Arizona Cancer Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, R. Ken Coit College of Pharmacy, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Yuchen (Ella) Ai
- The University of Arizona Cancer Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Viktoria Kirschnerova
- The University of Arizona Cancer Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Tianshun Zhang
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota, USA
| | - Valerie Calvert
- Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia, USA
| | - Emanuel Petricoin
- Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia, USA
| | - H-H. Sherry Chow
- The University of Arizona Cancer Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Chengcheng Hu
- The University of Arizona Cancer Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zukerman College of Public Health, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Denise Roe
- The University of Arizona Cancer Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zukerman College of Public Health, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Ann Bode
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota, USA
| | - Clara Curiel-Lewandrowski
- The University of Arizona Cancer Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
- Skin Cancer Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine Tucson, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Georg T. Wondrak
- The University of Arizona Cancer Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
- Skin Cancer Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, R. Ken Coit College of Pharmacy, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Thakur A, Rana N, Kumar R. Altered hormone expression induced genetic changes leads to breast cancer. Curr Opin Oncol 2024; 36:115-122. [PMID: 38441060 DOI: 10.1097/cco.0000000000001019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Breast cancer ranks first among gynecological cancer in India. It is associated with urbanization, changes in lifestyle and obesity. Hormones also play a crucial role in the development of breast cancer. Steroid hormones play critical role in development of breast cancer. RECENT FINDING Breast cancer is caused due to alteration in different hormone expressions leading to genetic instability. Loss or gains of functions due to genetic instability were associated with the alterations in housekeeping genes. Up-regulation in c-myc, signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT), CREB-regulated transcription coactivator (CRTC), and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) may cause the development of breast cancer. Peptide hormones are commonly following the phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3K) pathway for activation of cell cycle causing uncontrolled proliferation. Although steroid hormones are following the Ras/Raf/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK) pathway, their hyper-activation of these pathways causes extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and MAPK activation, leading to carcinogenesis. SUMMARY Alteration in cell cycle proteins, oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, transcription and translation factors lead to breast cancer. Apoptosis plays a vital role in the elimination of abnormal cells but failure in any of these apoptotic pathways may cause tumorigenesis. Hence, a complex interplay of hormonal and genetic factors is required to maintain homeostasis in breast cells. Imbalance in homeostasis of these hormone and genes may lead to breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anchal Thakur
- Department of Animal sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Dharamshala, H.P
| | - Navya Rana
- Department of Animal sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Dharamshala, H.P
| | - Ranjit Kumar
- Department of Zoology, Nagaland University, Lumami, Nagaland
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Ma YQ, Zhang M, Sun ZH, Tang HY, Wang Y, Liu JX, Zhang ZX, Wang C. Identification of anti-gastric cancer effects and molecular mechanisms of resveratrol: From network pharmacology and bioinformatics to experimental validation. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2024; 16:493-513. [PMID: 38425392 PMCID: PMC10900166 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i2.493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most aggressive malignancies with limited therapeutic options and a poor prognosis. Resveratrol, a non-flavonoid polyphenolic compound found in a variety of Chinese medicinal materials, has shown excellent anti-GC effect. However, its exact mechanisms of action in GC have not been clarified. AIM To identify the effects of resveratrol on GC progression and explore the related molecular mechanisms. METHODS Action targets of resveratrol and GC-related targets were screened from public databases. The overlapping targets between the two were confirmed using a Venn diagram, and a "Resveratrol-Target-GC" network was constructed using Cytoscape software version 3.9.1. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using STRING database and core targets were identified by PPI network analysis. The Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery database was used for Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis. A "Target-Pathway" network was created by using Cytoscape 3.9.1. The RNA and protein expression levels of core target genes were observed using the Cancer Genome Atlas and the Human Protein Atlas databases. DriverDBv3 and Timer2.0 databases were used for survival and immune infiltration analysis. Subsequently, the findings were further verified by molecular docking technology and in vitro experiments. RESULTS A total of 378 resveratrol action targets and 2154 GC disease targets were obtained from public databases, and 181 intersection targets between the two were screened by Venn diagram. The top 20 core targets were identified by PPI network analysis of the overlapping targets. GO function analysis mainly involved protein binding, identical protein binding, cytoplasm, nucleus, negative regulation of apoptotic process and response to xenobiotic stimulus. KEGG enrichment analysis suggested that the involved signaling pathways mainly included PI3K-AKT signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, IL-17 signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, ErbB signaling pathway, etc. FBJ murine osteosarcoma viral oncogene homolog (FOS) and matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9) were selected by differential expression analysis, and they were closely associated with immune infiltration. Molecular docking results showed that resveratrol docked well with these two targets. Resveratrol treatment arrested the cell cycle at the S phase, induced apoptosis, and weakened viability, migration and invasion in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, resveratrol could exhibit anti-GC effect by regulating FOS and MMP9 expression. CONCLUSION The anti-GC effects of resveratrol are related to the inhibition of cell proliferation, migration, invasion and induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by targeting FOS and MMP9.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Qian Ma
- Department of Oncology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei Province, China
- School of Graduate Studies, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei Province, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei Province, China
| | - Zhen-Hua Sun
- Department of Oncology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei Province, China
| | - Hong-Yue Tang
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei Province, China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Graduate Studies, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei Province, China
| | - Jiang-Xue Liu
- School of Graduate Studies, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei Province, China
| | - Zhan-Xue Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ren D, Lou J, Wei K, Ifegwu I. Molecularly Confirmed Pseudomyogenic Hemangioendothelioma with Unusual EGFL7::FOSB Fusion in the Head and Neck Region of an Older Patient. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:342. [PMID: 38337858 PMCID: PMC10855081 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14030342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Pseudomyogenic hemangioendothelioma (PMHE), a rare vascular neoplasm, was first described in 1992 asa fibroma-like variant of epithelioid sarcoma, and would be termed as epithelioid sarcoma-like hemangioendothelioma a decade later due to its significant histologic overlap with epithelioid sarcoma and diffuse cytokeratin expression. PHME is currently defined as a distinct, potentially intermediate malignant, rarely metastasizing neoplasm with vascular/endothelial differentiation. It is characterized by young age (typically less than 40 years old), extremity location (approximately ~80%), and t(7:19) SERPINE1::FOSB fusion as the most common molecular alteration. Herein, we report a case of a 59-year-old male presenting with multifocal lesions, including in the right temporalis muscle, right frontoparietal calvarium, right pterygoid muscles, and right mandibular condyle. Histologic examination of the right temporal lesion revealed a multinodular biphasic lesion composed of sheets and fascicles of elongated spindle and epithelioid cells infiltrating into the adjacent skeletal muscle. Admixed abundant neutrophilic infiltration is noted; however, areas of necrosis, increased mitosis, nuclear atypia, or rhabdomyoblast-like cells are absent. Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining showed that the tumor cells were diffusely and strongly positive for FOSB, pan-cytokeratin (AE1/AE3), CD31, and ERG. Molecular testing demonstrated a t(9:19) EGFL7::FOSB fusion mRNA. This constellation of morphological, IHC and molecular findings was consistent with a diagnosis of PMHE. This is the first reported case of multifocal PMHE with EGFL7::FOSB fusion in the head and neck area of a patient aged more than 50 years old. Since the differential diagnoses for PMHE includes high-grade malignancies with aggressive clinical behavior, coupled with the rare reports of PMHE in the head and neck region, awareness of this tumor in the head and neck region will avoid the misdiagnosis and overtreatment of this entity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Ren
- Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Irvine Medical Center, Orange, CA 92868, USA;
| | - Jerry Lou
- Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Irvine Medical Center, Orange, CA 92868, USA;
| | - Katherine Wei
- Departments of Radiology, University of California Irvine Medical Center, Orange, CA 92868, USA;
| | - Ibe Ifegwu
- Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Irvine Medical Center, Orange, CA 92868, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ren Y, Xu Y, Wang Z, Wang Y, Zhang J, Li Z, Chen Y, Go W, Javed MT, Li Q. Molecular cloning, biological description, and functional analysis of Ajfos transcription factor in pathogen-induced Apostichopus japonicus. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2024; 276:109814. [PMID: 38065305 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2023.109814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Activator protein-1 subfamily member c-Fos wields significant influence over cellular activities, such as regulation of cell growth and division, cell death, and immune responses under various extracellular situations. In this study, the full-length c-Fos of sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicus (Ajfos) was successfully cloned and analyzed. The anticipated 306 amino acid sequences of Ajfos displayed a basic-leucine zipper (bZIP) domain, similar to invertebrate counterparts. In addition, the qPCR results suggested Ajfos expressed in all tissues, with the highest level in coelomocytes from polian vesicle (vesicle lumen cells), followed by coelomocytes from coelom (coelomocytes). Moreover, the expression levels of Ajfos in the coelomocytes and vesicle lumen cells of sea cucumber showed significant changes after the Vibrio splendidus challenge, especially reaching a peak at 6 h. Compared with the silencing negative control RNA interference (siNC) group, silencing Ajfos (siAjfos) in vivo decreased the downstream proliferation-related gene expression of vesicle lumen cells after infection with V. splendidus while no significant influence was observed on coelomocytes. Furthermore, the proliferation proportion of vesicle lumen cells in the siAjfos group was significantly reduced under pathogen stimulation conditions. Finally, based on the fluctuation trend of total coelomocyte density (TCD) from coelom and polian vesicle previously discovered, it is evident that Ajfos played a critical role in facilitating the swift proliferation of vesicle lumen cells in response to V. splendidus stimulation. Altogether, this research provided an initial reference of the function of Ajfos in echinoderms, unveiling its participation in host coelomocyte proliferation of sea cucumbers during bacterial challenges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Ren
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China
| | - Yongping Xu
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China
| | - Zhenhui Wang
- College of Marine and Biology Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, PR China
| | - Yinan Wang
- College of Fisheries, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300392, PR China; College of Marine and Biology Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, PR China
| | - Jialin Zhang
- College of Marine and Biology Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, PR China
| | - Zhen Li
- College of Marine and Biology Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, PR China
| | - Yupeng Chen
- College of Marine and Biology Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, PR China
| | - Wei Go
- College of Marine and Biology Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, PR China
| | - Muhammad Tariq Javed
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Qiang Li
- College of Fisheries, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300392, PR China; College of Marine and Biology Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Lim F, Solvason JJ, Ryan GE, Le SH, Jindal GA, Steffen P, Jandu SK, Farley EK. Affinity-optimizing enhancer variants disrupt development. Nature 2024; 626:151-159. [PMID: 38233525 PMCID: PMC10830414 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06922-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Enhancers control the location and timing of gene expression and contain the majority of variants associated with disease1-3. The ZRS is arguably the most well-studied vertebrate enhancer and mediates the expression of Shh in the developing limb4. Thirty-one human single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) within the ZRS are associated with polydactyly4-6. However, how this enhancer encodes tissue-specific activity, and the mechanisms by which SNVs alter the number of digits, are poorly understood. Here we show that the ETS sites within the ZRS are low affinity, and identify a functional ETS site, ETS-A, with extremely low affinity. Two human SNVs and a synthetic variant optimize the binding affinity of ETS-A subtly from 15% to around 25% relative to the strongest ETS binding sequence, and cause polydactyly with the same penetrance and severity. A greater increase in affinity results in phenotypes that are more penetrant and more severe. Affinity-optimizing SNVs in other ETS sites in the ZRS, as well as in ETS, interferon regulatory factor (IRF), HOX and activator protein 1 (AP-1) sites within a wide variety of enhancers, cause gain-of-function gene expression. The prevalence of binding sites with suboptimal affinity in enhancers creates a vulnerability in genomes whereby SNVs that optimize affinity, even slightly, can be pathogenic. Searching for affinity-optimizing SNVs in genomes could provide a mechanistic approach to identify causal variants that underlie enhanceropathies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Lim
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology, Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Biological Sciences Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Joe J Solvason
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology, Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Genevieve E Ryan
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology, Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sophia H Le
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology, Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Granton A Jindal
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology, Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Paige Steffen
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology, Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Simran K Jandu
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology, Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Emma K Farley
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Molecular Biology, Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Majerciak V, Alvarado-Hernandez B, Ma Y, Duduskar S, Lobanov A, Cam M, Zheng ZM. KSHV promotes oncogenic FOS to inhibit nuclease AEN and transactivate RGS2 for AKT phosphorylation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.27.577582. [PMID: 38410462 PMCID: PMC10896338 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.27.577582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) ORF57 is a lytic RNA-binding protein. We applied BCBL-1 cells in lytic KSHV infection and performed UV cross-linking immunoprecipitation (CLIP) followed by RNA-seq of the CLIPed RNA fragments (CLIP-seq). We identified ORF57-bound transcripts from 544 host protein-coding genes. By comparing with the RNA-seq profiles from BCBL-1 cells with latent and lytic KSHV infection and from HEK293T cells with and without ORF57 expression, we identified FOS and CITED2 RNAs being two common ORF57-specific RNA targets. FOS dimerizes with JUN as a transcription factor AP-1 involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, and transformation. Knockout of the ORF57 gene from the KSHV genome led BAC16-iSLK cells incapable of FOS expression in KSHV lytic infection. The dysfunctional KSHV genome in FOS expression could be rescued by Lenti-ORF57 virus infection. ORF57 protein does not regulate FOS translation but binds to the 13-nt RNA motif near the FOS RNA 5' end and prolongs FOS mRNA half-life 7.7 times longer than it is in the absence of ORF57. This binding of ORF57 to FOS RNA is competitive to the binding of a host nuclease AEN (also referred to as ISG20L1). KSHV infection inhibits the expression of AEN, but not exosomal RNA helicase MTR4. FOS expression mediated by ORF57 inhibits AEN transcription, but transactivates RGS2, a regulator of G-protein coupled receptors. FOS binds a conserved AP-1 site in the RGS2 promoter and enhances RGS2 expression to phosphorylate AKT. Altogether, we have discovered that KSHV ORF57 specifically binds and stabilizes FOS RNA to increase FOS expression, thereby disturbing host gene expression and inducing pathogenesis during KSHV lytic infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Majerciak
- Tumor Virus RNA Biology Section, HIV Dynamics and Replication Program, Center for Cancer Research, NCI/NIH, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Beatriz Alvarado-Hernandez
- Tumor Virus RNA Biology Section, HIV Dynamics and Replication Program, Center for Cancer Research, NCI/NIH, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Yanping Ma
- Tumor Virus RNA Biology Section, HIV Dynamics and Replication Program, Center for Cancer Research, NCI/NIH, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Shivalee Duduskar
- Tumor Virus RNA Biology Section, HIV Dynamics and Replication Program, Center for Cancer Research, NCI/NIH, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Alexei Lobanov
- CCR Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource, Center for Cancer Research, NCI/NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Maggie Cam
- CCR Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource, Center for Cancer Research, NCI/NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Zhi-Ming Zheng
- Tumor Virus RNA Biology Section, HIV Dynamics and Replication Program, Center for Cancer Research, NCI/NIH, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Fernandes R, Barbosa-Matos C, Borges-Pereira C, de Carvalho ALRT, Costa S. Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 Inhibition by CHIR99021 Promotes Alveolar Epithelial Cell Proliferation and Lung Regeneration in the Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury Mouse Model. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1279. [PMID: 38279281 PMCID: PMC10816825 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a life-threatening lung injury that currently lacks effective clinical treatments. Evidence highlights the potential role of glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) inhibition in mitigating severe inflammation. The inhibition of GSK-3α/β by CHIR99021 promoted fetal lung progenitor proliferation and maturation of alveolar epithelial cells (AECs). The precise impact of CHIR99021 in lung repair and regeneration during acute lung injury (ALI) remains unexplored. This study intends to elucidate the influence of CHIR99021 on AEC behaviour during the peak of the inflammatory phase of ALI and, after its attenuation, during the repair and regeneration stage. Furthermore, a long-term evaluation was conducted post CHIR99021 treatment at a late phase of the disease. Our results disclosed the role of GSK-3α/β inhibition in promoting AECI and AECII proliferation. Later administration of CHIR99021 during ALI progression contributed to the transdifferentiation of AECII into AECI and an AECI/AECII increase, suggesting its contribution to the renewal of the alveolar epithelial population and lung regeneration. This effect was confirmed to be maintained histologically in the long term. These findings underscore the potential of targeted therapies that modulate GSK-3α/β inhibition, offering innovative approaches for managing acute lung diseases, mostly in later stages where no treatment is available.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Fernandes
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (R.F.); (C.B.-M.); (C.B.-P.)
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4806-909 Braga, Portugal
| | - Catarina Barbosa-Matos
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (R.F.); (C.B.-M.); (C.B.-P.)
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4806-909 Braga, Portugal
| | - Caroline Borges-Pereira
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (R.F.); (C.B.-M.); (C.B.-P.)
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4806-909 Braga, Portugal
| | - Ana Luísa Rodrigues Toste de Carvalho
- Department of Internal Medicine, São João Universitary Hospital Center, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal;
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Sandra Costa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (R.F.); (C.B.-M.); (C.B.-P.)
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4806-909 Braga, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Miranda AX, Kemp J, Davidson B, Bellomo SE, Agan V, Manoni A, Marchiò C, Croessmann S, Park BH, Hodges E. Genomic dissection and mutation-specific target discovery for breast cancer PIK3CA hotspot mutations. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.03.574067. [PMID: 38260414 PMCID: PMC10802285 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.03.574067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Background Recent advancements in high-throughput genomics and targeted therapies have provided tremendous potential to identify and therapeutically target distinct mutations associated with cancers. However, to date the majority of targeted therapies are used to treat all functional mutations within the same gene, regardless of affected codon or phenotype. Results In this study, we developed a functional genomic analysis workflow with a unique isogenic cell line panel bearing two distinct hotspot PIK3CA mutations, E545K and H1047R, to accurately identify targetable differences between mutations within the same gene. We performed RNA-seq and ATAC-seq and identified distinct transcriptomic and epigenomic differences associated with each PIK3CA hotspot mutation. We used this data to curate a select CRISPR knock out screen to identify mutation-specific gene pathway vulnerabilities. These data revealed AREG as a E545K-preferential target that was further validated through in vitro analysis and publicly available patient databases. Conclusions Using our multi-modal genomics framework, we discover distinct differences in genomic regulation between PIK3CA hotspot mutations, suggesting the PIK3CA mutations have different regulatory effects on the function and downstream signaling of the PI3K complex. Our results demonstrate the potential to rapidly uncover mutation specific molecular targets, specifically AREG and a proximal gene regulatory region, that may provide clinically relevant therapeutic targets. The methods outlined provide investigators with an integrative strategy to identify mutation-specific targets for the treatment of other oncogenic mutations in an isogenic system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam X. Miranda
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Justin Kemp
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Brad Davidson
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Verda Agan
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Alexandra Manoni
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Caterina Marchiò
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, TO, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin
| | - Sarah Croessmann
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Ben H. Park
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Emily Hodges
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Lv Y, Shao Y, Jiang C, Wang Y, Li Y, Li Y, Duan X, Dong S, Lin J, Zhang H, Shan H. Quantitative proteomics based on TMT revealed the response of PK15 cells infected PEDV wild strain. Microb Pathog 2024; 186:106503. [PMID: 38142905 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED), caused by porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), is an acute and highly contagious enteric disease with a high mortality rate in suckling piglets. Identification of proteins associated with PEDV infection may provide insights into the pathogenesis of this viral disease. In this study, we employed tandem mass tag (TMT) quantitative protein analysis to investigate proteomic changes in PK15 cells following PEDV infection, and differential protein expression profiles were obtained at 0 h, 24 h, and 48 h post-infection. Overall, a total of 6330 proteins were identified. Applying criteria for fold change >1.5 < 0.67 and p-values <0.05 resulted in the identification of 59 up-regulated proteins and 103 down-regulated proteins that exhibited significant alterations in the H24 group compared to the H0 group. The H48 group demonstrated significant upregulation of 110 proteins and downregulation of 144 proteins compared to the H0 group; additionally, there were also 10 upregulated and 30 downregulated proteins in the H48 group when compared to the H24 group. These differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were involved in immune response regulation, signal transduction, lipid transport and metabolism processes as well as cell apoptosis pathways. Based on these DEPs, we propose that PEDV may disrupt signal transduction pathways along with lipid transport and metabolism processes leading to maximal viral replication, it may also trigger inflammatory cascades accordingly. These findings could provide valuable information for elucidating specific pathogenesis related to PEDV infection while contributing towards developing new antiviral strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Lv
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Development of Veterinary Pharmaceuticals, College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yu Shao
- Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Chengyuan Jiang
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Development of Veterinary Pharmaceuticals, College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yongming Wang
- Shandong Huahong Biological Engineering Co., LTD, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Yingguang Li
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Development of Veterinary Pharmaceuticals, College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yan Li
- Qingdao Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Duan
- Qingdao Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Shaoming Dong
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Development of Veterinary Pharmaceuticals, College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Jiaxu Lin
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Development of Veterinary Pharmaceuticals, College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Hongliang Zhang
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Development of Veterinary Pharmaceuticals, College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
| | - Hu Shan
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Development of Veterinary Pharmaceuticals, College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Dombroski JA, Fabiano AR, Knoblauch SV, Rowland SJ, Gibson-Corley KN, King MR. Tumor nano-lysate activates dendritic cells to evoke a preventative immune response. J Immunol Methods 2024; 524:113601. [PMID: 38092224 PMCID: PMC11163877 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2023.113601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
A tumor nano-lysate "TNL" vaccine comprised of sonicated 4T1 cells was developed, characterized and implemented for the prevention of triple-negative breast cancer. This study aimed to gain a better understanding of the immune response behind the success of the vaccine in vivo, through use of ex vivo and in vivo assays. Here, we analyze the activation of various immune cells isolated from healthy mouse spleens and find that antigen-presenting cells (APCs) such as dendritic cells (DCs) are being activated following 24 h incubation with 1:10 mg TNL/mg splenocytes. These cells were further explored to determine the pathway by which activation is occurring, and it was observed that TNL are phagocytosed by DCs to activate NF-kB and c-Fos pathways, resulting in enhanced cytokine release after 24 h. An in vivo temporal analysis was performed in mice to understand the immune response at 1, 3, 7 and 10 days after one 100 μL dose of TNL consisting of 105 sonicated 4T1 cells via cardiac puncture and splenocyte and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) analysis. Changes were observed for up to one week. A multiple dose study was performed comparing mice that were vaccinated with one dose of TNL administered every ten days for 3 doses total, as well as a PBS vehicle control. Survival for TNL-vaccinated mice was enhanced compared to the PBS control, and there was an average delay of 10 days in the onset of metastasis. The differences between the groups at the end of the study demonstrate the potential for TNL as a preventative therapeutic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jenna A Dombroski
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Abigail R Fabiano
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Samantha V Knoblauch
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Schyler J Rowland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Katherine N Gibson-Corley
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Division of Comparative Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Michael R King
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Zhang X, Ding X, Wang C, Le Q, Wu D, Song A, Huang G, Luo L, Luo Y, Yang X, Goins AE, Desai SP, Qiu C, Silva FD, Feldman LE, Zhou J, Spafford MF, Boyd NH, Prossnitz ER, Yang XO, Wang QA, Liu M. Depletion of JunB increases adipocyte thermogenic capacity and ameliorates diet-induced insulin resistance. Nat Metab 2024; 6:78-93. [PMID: 38191667 PMCID: PMC10954369 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-023-00945-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
The coexistence of brown adipocytes with low and high thermogenic activity is a fundamental feature of brown adipose tissue heterogeneity and plasticity. However, the mechanisms that govern thermogenic adipocyte heterogeneity and its significance in obesity and metabolic disease remain poorly understood. Here we show that in male mice, a population of transcription factor jun-B (JunB)-enriched (JunB+) adipocytes within the brown adipose tissue exhibits lower thermogenic capacity compared to high-thermogenic adipocytes. The JunB+ adipocyte population expands in obesity. Depletion of JunB in adipocytes increases the fraction of adipocytes exhibiting high thermogenic capacity, leading to enhanced basal and cold-induced energy expenditure and protection against diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance. Mechanistically, JunB antagonizes the stimulatory effects of PPARγ coactivator-1α on high-thermogenic adipocyte formation by directly binding to the promoter of oestrogen-related receptor alpha, a PPARγ coactivator-1α downstream effector. Taken together, our study uncovers that JunB shapes thermogenic adipocyte heterogeneity, serving a critical role in maintaining systemic metabolic health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xing Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Ding
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Chunqing Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Que Le
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Dandan Wu
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Anying Song
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Endocrinology, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Guixiang Huang
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Luo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Yan Luo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Xin Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Aleyah E Goins
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Sharina P Desai
- Autophagy Inflammation and Metabolism Center for Biomedical Research Excellence, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Chengrui Qiu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Floyd D Silva
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Lily Elizabeth Feldman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Jianlin Zhou
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Michael F Spafford
- Department of Surgery, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Nathan H Boyd
- Department of Surgery, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Eric R Prossnitz
- Autophagy Inflammation and Metabolism Center for Biomedical Research Excellence, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
- UNM Comprehensive Cancer Center (UNMCCC), University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Xuexian O Yang
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
- Autophagy Inflammation and Metabolism Center for Biomedical Research Excellence, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Qiong A Wang
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Endocrinology, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Meilian Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
- Autophagy Inflammation and Metabolism Center for Biomedical Research Excellence, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Balaguer J, García-Foncillas J, Tuñón J. Natriuretic peptides: Another tool for the management of cancer? Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2024; 193:104219. [PMID: 38029944 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2023.104219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The connection between heart failure (HF) and cancer through multiple pathways such as inflammation, oxidative stress, and neurohormonal activation, among others, is well established. As a consequence, increases in plasma levels of several biomarkers have been described in both disorders. The most consistent information is related to natriuretic peptides (NPs). Although they are known to be produced in the ventricles as a response to myocardial distension, and thus can be useful for the diagnosis and prognosis of HF, and also for the management of chemotherapy-induced myocardial damage, they are also produced by tumour cells. In this regard, increased plasma levels of NPs have been described in patients with multiple malignancies in the absence of volume overload. Natriuretic peptide levels have been shown to correlate directly with the extension of tumours and with poorer outcomes. Moreover, some data indicate that they may help in the detection of subclinical tumours. Given that these peptides have been described to have anti-proliferative and anti-angiogenic effects, a plausible hypothesis is that they may be produced by tumours as a negative feed-back mechanism to avoid tumour progression. This would lead to increased levels of NPs in plasma that could be potentially useful for early detection of malignancies as well as for a prognostic assessment. Nevertheless, since the sample size of many studies published so far is limited, more data are needed to provide consistent data in order to confirm or rule out this hypothesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Balaguer
- Division of Cardiology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús García-Foncillas
- Division of Oncology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain; School of Medicine, Autónoma University, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Tuñón
- Division of Cardiology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain; School of Medicine, Autónoma University, Madrid, Spain; Laboratory of Vascular Pathology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain; CIBERCV, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Su L, Zhang G, Jiang L, Chi C, Bai B, Kang K. The role of c-Jun for beating cardiomycyte formation in prepared embryonic body. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:371. [PMID: 38110996 PMCID: PMC10729424 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03544-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Morbidity and mortality associated with cardiovascular diseases, such as myocardial infarction, stem from the inability of terminally differentiated cardiomyocytes to regenerate, and thus repair the damaged myocardial tissue structure. The molecular biological mechanisms behind the lack of regenerative capacity for those cardiomyocytes remains to be fully elucidated. Recent studies have shown that c-Jun serves as a cell cycle regulator for somatic cell fates, playing a key role in multiple molecular pathways, including the inhibition of cellular reprogramming, promoting angiogenesis, and aggravation of cardiac hypertrophy, but its role in cardiac development is largely unknown. This study aims to delineate the role of c-Jun in promoting early-stage cardiac differentiation. METHODS The c-Jun gene in mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) was knocked out with CRISPR-Cas9, and the hanging drop method used to prepare the resulting embryoid bodies. Cardiac differentiation was evaluated up to 9 days after c-Jun knockout (ko) via immunofluorescence, flow cytometric, and qPCR analyses. RESULTS Compared to the wild-type control group, obvious beating was observed among the c-Jun-ko mESCs after 6 days, which was also associated with significant increases in myocardial marker expression. Additionally, markers associated with mesoderm and endoderm cell layer development, essential for further differentiation of ESCs into cardiomyocytes, were also up-regulated in the c-Jun-ko cell group. CONCLUSIONS Knocking out c-Jun directs ESCs toward a meso-endodermal cell lineage fate, in turn leading to generation of beating myocardial cells. Thus, c-Jun plays an important role in regulating early cardiac cell development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lide Su
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Guofu Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lili Jiang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Chao Chi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Bing Bai
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Kai Kang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Patalano SD, Fuxman Bass P, Fuxman Bass JI. Transcription factors in the development and treatment of immune disorders. Transcription 2023:1-23. [PMID: 38100543 DOI: 10.1080/21541264.2023.2294623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune function is highly controlled at the transcriptional level by the binding of transcription factors (TFs) to promoter and enhancer elements. Several TF families play major roles in immune gene expression, including NF-κB, STAT, IRF, AP-1, NRs, and NFAT, which trigger anti-pathogen responses, promote cell differentiation, and maintain immune system homeostasis. Aberrant expression, activation, or sequence of isoforms and variants of these TFs can result in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases as well as hematological and solid tumor cancers. For this reason, TFs have become attractive drug targets, even though most were previously deemed "undruggable" due to their lack of small molecule binding pockets and the presence of intrinsically disordered regions. However, several aspects of TF structure and function can be targeted for therapeutic intervention, such as ligand-binding domains, protein-protein interactions between TFs and with cofactors, TF-DNA binding, TF stability, upstream signaling pathways, and TF expression. In this review, we provide an overview of each of the important TF families, how they function in immunity, and some related diseases they are involved in. Additionally, we discuss the ways of targeting TFs with drugs along with recent research developments in these areas and their clinical applications, followed by the advantages and disadvantages of targeting TFs for the treatment of immune disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha D Patalano
- Biology Department, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Molecular Biology, Cellular Biology and Biochemistry Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paula Fuxman Bass
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan I Fuxman Bass
- Biology Department, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Molecular Biology, Cellular Biology and Biochemistry Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Bioinformatics Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Cai J, Huang F, Gao W, Gong T, Chen H, Liu Z. Androgen Receptor/AP-1 Activates UGT2B15 Transcription to Promote Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Invasion. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5719. [PMID: 38136265 PMCID: PMC10741602 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15245719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is an aggressive epithelial malignancy with poor prognosis. Interestingly, ESCC is strongly characterized by a male-predominant propensity. Our previous study showed that androgen receptor (AR) orchestrated a transcriptional repression program to promote ESCC growth, but it remains unclear whether AR can also activate oncogenic signaling during ESCC progression. In this study, by analyzing our previous AR cistromes and androgen-regulated transcriptomes, we identified uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase family 2 member B15 (UGT2B15) as a bona fide target gene of AR. Mechanistically, AP-1 cofactors played important and collaborative roles in AR-mediated UGT2B15 upregulation. Functional studies have revealed that UGT2B15 promoted invasiveness in vitro and lymph node metastasis in vivo. UGT2B15 was partially responsible for the AR-induced invasive phenotype in ESCC cells. Importantly, simultaneous blocking of AP-1 and AR resulted in stronger inhibition of cell invasiveness compared to inhibiting AP-1 or AR alone. In conclusion, our study reveals the molecular mechanisms underlying the AR-driven ESCC invasion and suggests that the AR/AP1/UGT2B15 transcriptional axis can be potentially targeted in suppressing metastasis in male ESCC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China (F.H.); (W.G.); (T.G.)
| | - Furong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China (F.H.); (W.G.); (T.G.)
| | - Wenyan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China (F.H.); (W.G.); (T.G.)
| | - Tongyang Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China (F.H.); (W.G.); (T.G.)
| | - Hongyan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China (F.H.); (W.G.); (T.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Cancer and Microbiome, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Zhihua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China (F.H.); (W.G.); (T.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Suresh BM, Tong Y, Abegg D, Adibekian A, Childs-Disney JL, Disney MD. Altering the Cleaving Effector in Chimeric Molecules that Target RNA Enhances Cellular Selectivity. ACS Chem Biol 2023; 18:2385-2393. [PMID: 37824291 PMCID: PMC10825929 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.3c00363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Small molecules that target RNA and effect their cleavage are useful chemical probes and potential lead medicines. In this study, we investigate factors affecting degradation of two cancer-associated RNA targets, the mRNA that encodes the transcription factor JUN (c-Jun) and the hairpin precursor to microRNA-372 (pre-miR-372). The two RNA targets harbor the same small-molecule binding site juxtaposed with different neighboring structures. Specifically, pre-miR-372 has AU pairs and contiguous purines on one strand near the small-molecule binding site, making it an ideal substrate for oxidative cleavage via the direct degrader bleomycin A5. In contrast, while JUN mRNA has a similar number of AU pairs near the small-molecule binding site, it lacks contiguous purine nucleotides. Instead, it contains unpaired pyrimidine nucleotides, which are preferred substrates for RNase L, a ribonuclease that can be recruited to RNA with heterobifunctional ribonuclease targeting chimeras (RiboTACs). We hypothesized that structural features surrounding the binding site could be leveraged to program selective small-molecule degradation by alteration of the cleaving module. Indeed, the bleomycin degrader cleaves pre-miR-372 in gastric cancer cells but not JUN mRNA. Conversely, the RiboTAC cleaves JUN mRNA but not pre-miR-372. Thus, the selection of the appropriate cleaving effector moiety for an RNA-binding small molecule can be leveraged to cleave an RNA selectively in a predictable manner, which could have broad implications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Blessy M. Suresh
- Department of Chemistry, The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology and The Scripps Research Institute, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
| | - Yuquan Tong
- Department of Chemistry, The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology and The Scripps Research Institute, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
| | - Daniel Abegg
- Department of Chemistry, The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology and The Scripps Research Institute, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
| | - Alexander Adibekian
- Department of Chemistry, The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology and The Scripps Research Institute, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
| | - Jessica L. Childs-Disney
- Department of Chemistry, The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology and The Scripps Research Institute, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
| | - Matthew D. Disney
- Department of Chemistry, The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology and The Scripps Research Institute, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Kim SH, Kang IC. Induction of TNF-α by Filifactor alocis in THP-1 macrophagic cells. Arch Oral Biol 2023; 155:105806. [PMID: 37729700 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2023.105806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Filifactor alocis is an emerging periodontal pathogen, and macrophage-produced tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) plays important roles in periodontal pathogenesis. In this study, we investigated F. alocis-stimulated TNF-α production in THP-1 macrophagic cells. DESIGN Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-differentiated THP-1 macrophagic cells were challenged with F. alocis ATCC 35896 for various durations. TNF-α mRNA expression and protein secretion were determined using RT-PCR and ELISA, respectively. Activation of protein kinases and transcription factor proteins was evaluated by Western blot analysis. RESULTS Live F. alocis stimulated THP-1 cells to produce TNF-α in a dose-dependent manner. However, glutaraldehyde-killed or heat-killed F. alocis showed no effectiveness for TNF-α induction. In contrast, both live and killed Porphyromonas gingivalis robustly increased TNF-α expression. Furthermore, F. alocis was unable to stimulate TNF-α expression in Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) knockout THP-1 cells. F. alocis activated all three mitogen-activated protein kinases: extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), p38, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). Pharmacological inhibition of ERK and JNK, but not p38, significantly reduced F. alocis-induced TNF-α production. Finally, increased levels of phospho-c-Jun were detected in F. alocis-stimulated THP-1 cells. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that F. alocis induces TNF-α production in THP-1 macrophagic cells primarily by activating the TLR2, JNK, and c-Jun pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- So-Hee Kim
- Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, the Republic of Korea
| | - In-Chol Kang
- Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, the Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Dombroski JA, Rowland SJ, Fabiano AR, Knoblauch SV, Hope JM, King MR. Fluid shear stress enhances dendritic cell activation. Immunobiology 2023; 228:152744. [PMID: 37729773 PMCID: PMC10841200 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2023.152744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Ex vivo activation of dendritic cells (DCs) has been widely explored for targeted therapies, although these treatments remain expensive. Reducing treatment costs while enhancing cell activation could help to make immunotherapies more accessible. Cells can be activated by both internal and external forces including fluid shear stress (FSS). FSS activates cells via opening of mechanosensitive ion channels. In this study, dendritic cells were activated by sustained exposure to circulatory levels of fluid shear stress using a cone-and-plate flow device and analyzed for activation markers. After 1 h of shear stress exposure, an increase in cytokine release was present in immortalized cells as well as phosphorylation of the proteins NF-κB and cFos in primary DCs. Changes in DC morphology, metabolism and proliferation were also observed. These compelling new findings point to the potential for using FSS to activate DCs for ex vivo therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jenna A Dombroski
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, 2414 Highland Ave, Nashville, TN 37212, United States
| | - Schyler J Rowland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, 2414 Highland Ave, Nashville, TN 37212, United States
| | - Abigail R Fabiano
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, 2414 Highland Ave, Nashville, TN 37212, United States
| | - Samantha V Knoblauch
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, 2414 Highland Ave, Nashville, TN 37212, United States
| | - Jacob M Hope
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, 2414 Highland Ave, Nashville, TN 37212, United States
| | - Michael R King
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, 2414 Highland Ave, Nashville, TN 37212, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Li D, Luo L, Guo L, Wu C, Zhang R, Peng Y, Wu M, Kuang J, Li Y, Zhang Y, Xie J, Xie W, Mao R, Ma G, Fu X, Chen J, Hutchins AP, Pei D. c-Jun as a one-way valve at the naive to primed interface. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:191. [PMID: 37838693 PMCID: PMC10576270 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01141-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND c-Jun is a proto-oncogene functioning as a transcription factor to activate gene expression under many physiological and pathological conditions, particularly in somatic cells. However, its role in early embryonic development remains unknown. RESULTS Here, we show that c-Jun acts as a one-way valve to preserve the primed state and impair reversion to the naïve state. c-Jun is induced during the naive to primed transition, and it works to stabilize the chromatin structure and inhibit the reverse transition. Loss of c-Jun has surprisingly little effect on the naïve to primed transition, and no phenotypic effect on primed cells, however, in primed cells the loss of c-Jun leads to a failure to correctly close naïve-specific enhancers. When the primed cells are induced to reprogram to a naïve state, these enhancers are more rapidly activated when c-Jun is lost or impaired, and the conversion is more efficient. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study indicate that c-Jun can function as a chromatin stabilizer in primed EpiSCs, to maintain the epigenetic cell type state and act as a one-way valve for cell fate conversions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongwei Li
- Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 190 Kaiyuan Dadao, Huangpu District, Guangzhou, 510799, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Cell Lineage and Development, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China.
| | - Ling Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Cell Lineage and Development, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, 510005, China
| | - Lin Guo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Cell Lineage and Development, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Chuman Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Cell Lineage and Development, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Ran Zhang
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510100, Guangdong, China
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, 510005, China
| | - Yuling Peng
- Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 190 Kaiyuan Dadao, Huangpu District, Guangzhou, 510799, China
| | - Menghua Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 190 Kaiyuan Dadao, Huangpu District, Guangzhou, 510799, China
| | - Junqi Kuang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Cell Lineage and Development, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Yan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Cell Lineage and Development, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Yudan Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Cell Lineage and Development, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Jun Xie
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, 510005, China
| | - Wenxiu Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Cell Lineage and Development, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Rui Mao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Cell Lineage and Development, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Gang Ma
- Department of Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xiuling Fu
- Department of Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jiekai Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Cell Lineage and Development, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, 510005, China
| | - Andrew P Hutchins
- Department of Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Duanqing Pei
- Laboratory of Cell Fate Control, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Yunqi Town, No.18 Longshan Street, Xihu District, Hangzhou, 310024, China.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Yu L, Qiu W, Gao Y, Sun M, Chen L, Cui Z, Zhu D, Guo P, Tang H, Luo H. JNK1 activated pRb/E2F1 and inhibited p53/p21 signaling pathway is involved in hydroquinone-induced pathway malignant transformation of TK6 cells by accelerating the cell cycle progression. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023; 38:2344-2351. [PMID: 37347496 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Hydroquinone (HQ) is an important metabolites of benzene in the body, and it has been found to result in cellular DNA damage, mutation, cell cycle imbalance, and malignant transformation. The JNK1 signaling pathway plays an important role in DNA damage repair. In this study, we focused on whether the JNK1 signaling pathway is involved in the HQ-induced cell cycle abnormalities and the underlying mechanism. The results showed that HQ induced abnormal progression of the cell cycle and initiated the JNK1 signaling pathway. We further confirmed that JNK1 suppression decelerated the cell cycle progression through inhibiting pRb/E2F1 signaling pathway and triggering p53/p21 pathway. Therefore, we concluded that JNK1 might be involved in HQ-induced malignant transformation associated with activating pRb/E2F1 and inhibiting p53/p21 signaling pathway which resulting in accelerating the cell cycle progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingxue Yu
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Weifeng Qiu
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Yuting Gao
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Mingwei Sun
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Zheming Cui
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Delong Zhu
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Pu Guo
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Huanwen Tang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Hao Luo
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Liu Y, Yan Z, Ren Y, Wang W, Ke Y, Wang Y, Qi R. Electroacupuncture inhibits hippocampal neuronal apoptosis and improves cognitive dysfunction in mice with vascular dementia via the JNK signaling pathway. Acupunct Med 2023; 41:284-296. [PMID: 36482691 DOI: 10.1177/09645284221136878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Electroacupuncture (EA) has been shown to reduce cognitive impairment in vascular dementia (VaD) patients. However, the mechanism of action remains unknown. OBJECTIVE The c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway plays an important role in apoptosis. Herein, we focused on whether EA can inhibit apoptosis and alleviate cognitive impairment by regulating the JNK signaling pathway using a mouse model of VaD induced by modified bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAo). METHODS In experiment I, 60 mice were randomly divided into a Sham group, BCCAo group, BCCAo + EA group, BCCAo + Sham-EA group, BCCAo + SP group (receiving the selective JNK inhibitor SP600125) and BCCAo + SP + EA group. Morris water maze tests, TdT-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining and flow cytometry were used to evaluate the effect of the EA intervention on VaD. In experiment II, 30 mice were randomly divided into a Sham group, BCCAo group, BCCAo + EA group, BCCAo + SP group and BCCAo + SP + EA group. Western blotting and real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction were used to detect protein and mRNA expression of key factors in the JNK signaling pathway in the hippocampus. RESULTS EA, SP600125 and EA + SP600125 significantly inhibited hippocampal apoptosis and improved cognitive impairment in VaD model mice. There were no significant differences between the BCCAo group and the BCCAo + Sham-EA group. EA, EA + SP600125 and SP600125 inhibited the phosphorylation of JNK and caspase-3. EA and EA + SP600125 promoted protein and mRNA expression of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) in the hippocampus of VaD mice and inhibited protein and mRNA expression of activator protein (AP)-1, p53 and Bax. CONCLUSION EA can reverse cognitive deficits and inhibit hippocampal neuronal apoptosis in VaD model mice, at least partially through inhibition of the JNK signaling pathway and regulation of apoptosis signals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaru Liu
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenyang Yan
- Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Yafei Ren
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Woyu Wang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yinze Ke
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yifan Wang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Rongming Qi
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Thompson B, Lu S, Revilla J, Uddin MJ, Oakland DN, Brovero S, Keles S, Bresnick EH, Petri WA, Burgess SL. Secondary bile acids function through the vitamin D receptor in myeloid progenitors to promote myelopoiesis. Blood Adv 2023; 7:4970-4982. [PMID: 37276450 PMCID: PMC10463201 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2022009618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic products of the microbiota can alter hematopoiesis. However, the contribution and site of action of bile acids is poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that the secondary bile acids, deoxycholic acid (DCA) and lithocholic acid (LCA), increase bone marrow myelopoiesis. Treatment of bone marrow cells with DCA and LCA preferentially expanded immunophenotypic and functional colony-forming unit-granulocyte and macrophage (CFU-GM) granulocyte-monocyte progenitors (GMPs). DCA treatment of sorted hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) increased CFU-GMs, indicating that direct exposure of HSPCs to DCA sufficed to increase GMPs. The vitamin D receptor (VDR) was required for the DCA-induced increase in CFU-GMs and GMPs. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed that DCA significantly upregulated genes associated with myeloid differentiation and proliferation in GMPs. The action of DCA on HSPCs to expand GMPs in a VDR-dependent manner suggests microbiome-host interactions could directly affect bone marrow hematopoiesis and potentially the severity of infectious and inflammatory disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brandon Thompson
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Shan Lu
- Department of Statistics, Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Julio Revilla
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Md Jashim Uddin
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA
| | - David N. Oakland
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Savannah Brovero
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Sunduz Keles
- Department of Statistics, Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Emery H. Bresnick
- Wisconsin Blood Cancer Research Institute, Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - William A. Petri
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Stacey L. Burgess
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Wollenzien H, Tecleab YA, Szczepaniak-Sloane R, Restaino A, Kareta MS. Single-Cell Evolutionary Analysis Reveals Drivers of Plasticity and Mediators of Chemoresistance in Small Cell Lung Cancer. Mol Cancer Res 2023; 21:892-907. [PMID: 37256926 PMCID: PMC10527088 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-22-0881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is often a heterogeneous tumor, where dynamic regulation of key transcription factors can drive multiple populations of phenotypically different cells which contribute differentially to tumor dynamics. This tumor is characterized by a very low 2-year survival rate, high rates of metastasis, and rapid acquisition of chemoresistance. The heterogeneous nature of this tumor makes it difficult to study and to treat, as it is not clear how or when this heterogeneity arises. Here we describe temporal, single-cell analysis of SCLC to investigate tumor initiation and chemoresistance in both SCLC xenografts and an autochthonous SCLC model. We identify an early population of tumor cells with high expression of AP-1 network genes that are critical for tumor growth. Furthermore, we have identified and validated the cancer testis antigens (CTA) PAGE5 and GAGE2A as mediators of chemoresistance in human SCLC. CTAs have been successfully targeted in other tumor types and may be a promising avenue for targeted therapy in SCLC. IMPLICATIONS Understanding the evolutionary dynamics of SCLC can shed light on key mechanisms such as cellular plasticity, heterogeneity, and chemoresistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Wollenzien
- Cancer Biology and Immunotherapies Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA
- Genetics & Genomics Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota, USA
| | | | - Robert Szczepaniak-Sloane
- Cancer Biology and Immunotherapies Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA
- Genetics & Genomics Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA
| | - Anthony Restaino
- Cancer Biology and Immunotherapies Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Sanford School of Medicine, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA
| | - Michael S. Kareta
- Cancer Biology and Immunotherapies Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA
- Genetics & Genomics Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota, USA
- Functional Genomics & Bioinformatics Core, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Sanford School of Medicine, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota, USA
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Preiss NK, Kamal Y, Wilkins OM, Li C, Kolling FW, Trask HW, Usherwood YK, Cheng C, Frost HR, Usherwood EJ. Characterizing control of memory CD8 T cell differentiation by BTB-ZF transcription factor Zbtb20. Life Sci Alliance 2023; 6:e202201683. [PMID: 37414528 PMCID: PMC10326419 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Members of the BTB-ZF transcription factor family regulate the immune system. Our laboratory identified that family member Zbtb20 contributes to the differentiation, recall responses, and metabolism of CD8 T cells. Here, we report a characterization of the transcriptional and epigenetic signatures controlled by Zbtb20 at single-cell resolution during the effector and memory phases of the CD8 T cell response. Without Zbtb20, transcriptional programs associated with memory CD8 T cell formation were up-regulated throughout the CD8 T response. A signature of open chromatin was associated with genes controlling T cell activation, consistent with the known impact on differentiation. In addition, memory CD8 T cells lacking Zbtb20 were characterized by open chromatin regions with overrepresentation of AP-1 transcription factor motifs and elevated RNA- and protein-level expressions of the corresponding AP-1 components. Finally, we describe motifs and genomic annotations from the DNA targets of Zbtb20 in CD8 T cells identified by cleavage under targets and release under nuclease (CUT&RUN). Together, these data establish the transcriptional and epigenetic networks contributing to the control of CD8 T cell responses by Zbtb20.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas K Preiss
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Yasmin Kamal
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Owen M Wilkins
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
- Genomics and Molecular Biology Shared Resource, Dartmouth Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Chenyang Li
- Genomic Medicine Department, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Fred W Kolling
- Genomics and Molecular Biology Shared Resource, Dartmouth Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Heidi W Trask
- Genomics and Molecular Biology Shared Resource, Dartmouth Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Young-Kwang Usherwood
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Chao Cheng
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- The Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hildreth R Frost
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Edward J Usherwood
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Wang Y, Lifshitz L, Silverstein NJ, Mintzer E, Luk K, StLouis P, Brehm MA, Wolfe SA, Deeks SG, Luban J. Transcriptional and chromatin profiling of human blood innate lymphoid cell subsets sheds light on HIV-1 pathogenesis. EMBO J 2023; 42:e114153. [PMID: 37382276 PMCID: PMC10425848 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2023114153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a diverse population of cells that include NK cells and contribute to tissue homeostasis and repair, inflammation, and provide protection from infection. The interplay between human blood ILCs, as well as their responses to HIV-1 infection, remains poorly understood. This study used transcriptional and chromatin profiling to explore these questions. Transcriptional profiling and flow cytometry analysis support that there are four main ILC subsets found in human blood. Unlike in mice, human NK cells expressed the tissue repair protein amphiregulin (AREG). AREG production was induced by TCF7/WNT, IL-2, and IL-15, and inhibited by TGFB1, a cytokine increased in people living with HIV-1. In HIV-1 infection, the percentage of AREG+ NK cells correlated positively with the numbers of ILCs and CD4+ T cells but negatively with the concentration of inflammatory cytokine IL-6. NK-cell knockout of the TGFB1-stimulated WNT antagonist RUNX3 increased AREG production. Antiviral gene expression was increased in all ILC subsets from HIV-1 viremic people, and anti-inflammatory gene MYDGF was increased in an NK-cell subset from HIV-1-infected people whose viral load was undetectable in the absence of antiretroviral therapy. The percentage of defective NK cells in people living with HIV-1 correlated inversely with ILC percentage and CD4+ T-cell counts. CD4+ T cells and their production of IL-2 prevented the loss of NK-cell function by activating mTOR. These studies clarify how ILC subsets are interrelated and provide insight into how HIV-1 infection disrupts NK cells, including an uncharacterized homeostatic function in NK cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yetao Wang
- Hospital for Skin Diseases (Institute of Dermatology)Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeNanjingChina
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune‐Mediated Skin DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical SciencesNanjingChina
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Institute of DermatologyChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeNanjingChina
- Program in Molecular MedicineUniversity of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterMAUSA
| | - Lawrence Lifshitz
- Program in Molecular MedicineUniversity of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterMAUSA
| | - Noah J Silverstein
- Program in Molecular MedicineUniversity of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterMAUSA
| | - Esther Mintzer
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer BiologyUniversity of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterMAUSA
| | - Kevin Luk
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer BiologyUniversity of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterMAUSA
| | - Pamela StLouis
- Diabetes Center of ExcellenceUniversity of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterMAUSA
| | - Michael A Brehm
- Diabetes Center of ExcellenceUniversity of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterMAUSA
| | - Scot A Wolfe
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer BiologyUniversity of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterMAUSA
| | - Steven G Deeks
- Department of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCAUSA
| | - Jeremy Luban
- Program in Molecular MedicineUniversity of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterMAUSA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiotechnologyUniversity of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterMAUSA
- Broad Institute of MIT and HarvardCambridgeMAUSA
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and HarvardCambridgeMAUSA
- Massachusetts Consortium on Pathogen ReadinessBostonMAUSA
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Croushore EE, Koppenhafer SL, Goss KL, Geary EL, Gordon DJ. Activator Protein-1 (AP-1) Signaling Inhibits the Growth of Ewing Sarcoma Cells in Response to DNA Replication Stress. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 3:1580-1593. [PMID: 37599787 PMCID: PMC10434289 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-23-0268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) catalyzes the rate-limiting step in the synthesis of deoxyribonucleosides and is required for DNA replication. Multiple types of cancer, including Ewing sarcoma tumors, are sensitive to RNR inhibitors or a reduction in the levels of either the RRM1 or RRM2 subunits of RNR. However, the polypharmacology and off-target effects of RNR inhibitors have complicated the identification of the mechanisms that regulate sensitivity and resistance to this class of drugs. Consequently, we used a conditional knockout (CRISPR/Cas9) and rescue approach to target RRM1 in Ewing sarcoma cells and identified that loss of the RRM1 protein results in the upregulation of the expression of multiple members of the activator protein-1 (AP-1) transcription factor complex, including c-Jun and c-Fos, and downregulation of c-Myc. Notably, overexpression of c-Jun and c-Fos in Ewing sarcoma cells is sufficient to inhibit cell growth and downregulate the expression of the c-Myc oncogene. We also identified that the upregulation of AP-1 is mediated, in part, by SLFN11, which is a replication stress response protein that is expressed at high levels in Ewing sarcoma. In addition, small-molecule inhibitors of RNR, including gemcitabine, and histone deacetylase inhibitors, which reduce the level of the RRM1 protein, also activate AP-1 signaling and downregulate the level of c-Myc in Ewing sarcoma. Overall, these results provide novel insight into the critical pathways activated by loss of RNR activity and the mechanisms of action of inhibitors of RNR. Significance RNR is the rate-limiting enzyme in the synthesis of deoxyribonucleotides. Although RNR is the target of multiple chemotherapy drugs, polypharmacology and off-target effects have complicated the identification of the precise mechanism of action of these drugs. In this work, using a knockout-rescue approach, we identified that inhibition of RNR upregulates AP-1 signaling and downregulates the level of c-Myc in Ewing sarcoma tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma E. Croushore
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Stacia L. Koppenhafer
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Kelli L. Goss
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Elizabeth L. Geary
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - David J. Gordon
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Krylov A, Yu S, Veen K, Newton A, Ye A, Qin H, He J, Jusuf PR. Heterogeneity in quiescent Müller glia in the uninjured zebrafish retina drive differential responses following photoreceptor ablation. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1087136. [PMID: 37575968 PMCID: PMC10413128 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1087136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Loss of neurons in the neural retina is a leading cause of vision loss. While humans do not possess the capacity for retinal regeneration, zebrafish can achieve this through activation of resident Müller glia. Remarkably, despite the presence of Müller glia in humans and other mammalian vertebrates, these cells lack an intrinsic ability to contribute to regeneration. Upon activation, zebrafish Müller glia can adopt a stem cell-like state, undergo proliferation and generate new neurons. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of this activation subsequent retinal regeneration remains unclear. Methods/Results To address this, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and report remarkable heterogeneity in gene expression within quiescent Müller glia across distinct dorsal, central and ventral retina pools of such cells. Next, we utilized a genetically driven, chemically inducible nitroreductase approach to study Müller glia activation following selective ablation of three distinct photoreceptor subtypes: long wavelength sensitive cones, short wavelength sensitive cones, and rods. There, our data revealed that a region-specific bias in activation of Müller glia exists in the zebrafish retina, and this is independent of the distribution of the ablated cell type across retinal regions. Notably, gene ontology analysis revealed that injury-responsive dorsal and central Müller glia express genes related to dorsal/ventral pattern formation, growth factor activity, and regulation of developmental process. Through scRNA-seq analysis, we identify a shared genetic program underlying initial Müller glia activation and cell cycle entry, followed by differences that drive the fate of regenerating neurons. We observed an initial expression of AP-1 and injury-responsive transcription factors, followed by genes involved in Notch signaling, ribosome biogenesis and gliogenesis, and finally expression of cell cycle, chromatin remodeling and microtubule-associated genes. Discussion Taken together, our findings document the regional specificity of gene expression within quiescent Müller glia and demonstrate unique Müller glia activation and regeneration features following neural ablation. These findings will improve our understanding of the molecular pathways relevant to neural regeneration in the retina.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Krylov
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Shuguang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Kellie Veen
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Axel Newton
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Aojun Ye
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huiwen Qin
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie He
- State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Patricia R. Jusuf
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Yuan M, Barefoot ME, Peterson K, Campbell MJ, Blancato JK, Chen M, Schmidt MO, Kiliti AJ, Fang HB, Wellstein A, Riegel AT, Sharif GM. Loss of ANCO1 Expression Regulates Chromatin Accessibility and Drives Progression of Early-Stage Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11505. [PMID: 37511268 PMCID: PMC10380654 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the gene ankyrin repeat domain containing 11 (ANKRD11/ANCO1) play a role in neurodegenerative disorders, and its loss of heterozygosity and low expression are seen in some cancers. Here, we show that low ANCO1 mRNA and protein expression levels are prognostic markers for poor clinical outcomes in breast cancer and that loss of nuclear ANCO1 protein expression predicts lower overall survival of patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Knockdown of ANCO1 in early-stage TNBC cells led to aneuploidy, cellular senescence, and enhanced invasion in a 3D matrix. The presence of a subpopulation of ANCO1-depleted cells enabled invasion of the overall cell population in vitro and they converted more rapidly to invasive lesions in a xenograft mouse model. In ANCO1-depleted cells, ChIP-seq analysis showed a global increase in H3K27Ac signals that were enriched for AP-1, TEAD, STAT3, and NFκB motifs. ANCO1-regulated H3K27Ac peaks had a significantly higher overlap with known breast cancer enhancers compared to ANCO1-independent ones. H3K27Ac engagement was associated with transcriptional activation of genes in the PI3K-AKT, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and senescence pathways. In conclusion, ANCO1 has hallmarks of a tumor suppressor whose loss of expression activates breast-cancer-specific enhancers and oncogenic pathways that can accelerate the early-stage progression of breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Yuan
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Megan E. Barefoot
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Kendell Peterson
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Moray J. Campbell
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Jan K. Blancato
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Manjing Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Bioinformatics and Biomathematics, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Marcel O. Schmidt
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Amber J. Kiliti
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Hong-Bin Fang
- Department of Biostatistics, Bioinformatics and Biomathematics, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Anton Wellstein
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Anna T. Riegel
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Ghada M. Sharif
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
She R, Luo J, Weissman JS. Translational fidelity screens in mammalian cells reveal eIF3 and eIF4G2 as regulators of start codon selectivity. Nucleic Acids Res 2023; 51:6355-6369. [PMID: 37144468 PMCID: PMC10325891 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The translation initiation machinery and the ribosome orchestrate a highly dynamic scanning process to distinguish proper start codons from surrounding nucleotide sequences. Here, we performed genome-wide CRISPRi screens in human K562 cells to systematically identify modulators of the frequency of translation initiation at near-cognate start codons. We observed that depletion of any eIF3 core subunit promoted near-cognate start codon usage, though sensitivity thresholds of each subunit to sgRNA-mediated depletion varied considerably. Double sgRNA depletion experiments suggested that enhanced near-cognate usage in eIF3D depleted cells required canonical eIF4E cap-binding and was not driven by eIF2A or eIF2D-dependent leucine tRNA initiation. We further characterized the effects of eIF3D depletion and found that the N-terminus of eIF3D was strictly required for accurate start codon selection, whereas disruption of the cap-binding properties of eIF3D had no effect. Lastly, depletion of eIF3D activated TNFα signaling via NF-κB and the interferon gamma response. Similar transcriptional profiles were observed upon knockdown of eIF1A and eIF4G2, which also promoted near-cognate start codon usage, suggesting that enhanced near-cognate usage could potentially contribute to NF-κB activation. Our study thus provides new avenues to study the mechanisms and consequences of alternative start codon usage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard She
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jingchuan Luo
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan S Weissman
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Harris R, Karimi M. Dissecting the regulatory network of transcription factors in T cell phenotype/functioning during GVHD and GVT. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1194984. [PMID: 37441063 PMCID: PMC10333690 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1194984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcription factors play a major role in regulation and orchestration of immune responses. The immunological context of the response can alter the regulatory networks required for proper functioning. While these networks have been well-studied in canonical immune contexts like infection, the transcription factor landscape during alloactivation remains unclear. This review addresses how transcription factors contribute to the functioning of mature alloactivated T cells. This review will also examine how these factors form a regulatory network to control alloresponses, with a focus specifically on those factors expressed by and controlling activity of T cells of the various subsets involved in graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and graft-versus-tumor (GVT) responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Harris
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, State University of New York (SUNY) Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Mobin Karimi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, State University of New York (SUNY) Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Han Z, Ge L, Wen S, Sun J. Dysfunction of the intestinal physical barrier in the intestinal inflammation of tongue sole, Cynoglossus semilaevis, induced by Shewanella algae infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023:108900. [PMID: 37315911 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial intestinal inflammation occurs frequently in cultured fish. However, research on the dysfunction of the intestinal physical barrier in fish intestinal inflammation is scarce. In this study, intestinal inflammation in tongue sole Cynoglossus semilaevis was induced by Shewanella algae and the intestinal permeability was investigated. Gene expression patterns in inflammatory factors, tight junction molecules, and keratins 8 and 18 in the intestines were further explored. Histological examinations of the middle intestines showed that S. algae induced pathological lesions of intestinal inflammation and significantly increased the total number of mucous cells (p < 0.01). Ultrastructural observation in the middle intestines showed that intercellular spaces between epithelial cells were significantly wider in infected fish compared with the control (p < 0.01). The positive result of fluorescence in situ hybridization confirmed the presence of S. algae in the intestine. Enhanced Evans blue exudation and increased levels of serum d-lactate and intestinal fatty acid binding protein were suggestive of increased intestinal barrier permeability. The mRNA levels of four pro-inflammatory cytokines, namely IL-6, IL-8, IL-β, and TNF-α, were significantly increased after S. algae infection at most tested time points (p < 0.01 or p < 0.05), while there was an alternating increasing and decreasing trend in the gene expression patterns of IL-10, TGF-β, TLR-2, AP-1, and CASP-1. The mRNA expression of tight junction molecules (claudin-1, claudin-2, ZO-1, JAM-A, and MarvelD3) and keratins 8 and 18 in the intestines was significantly decreased at 6, 12, 24, 48, or 72 h post infection (p < 0.01 or p < 0.05). In conclusion, S. algae infection induced intestinal inflammation accompanied by increased intestinal permeability in tongue sole, and tight junction molecules and keratins were probably associated with the pathological process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoran Han
- Tianjin Key Lab of Aqua-ecology and Aquaculture, Fisheries College, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, 300384, China.
| | - Lunhua Ge
- Tianjin Key Lab of Aqua-ecology and Aquaculture, Fisheries College, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, 300384, China.
| | - Siyi Wen
- Tianjin Key Lab of Aqua-ecology and Aquaculture, Fisheries College, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, 300384, China.
| | - Jingfeng Sun
- Tianjin Key Lab of Aqua-ecology and Aquaculture, Fisheries College, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, 300384, China.
| |
Collapse
|