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Bibbò F, Asadzadeh F, Boccia A, Sorice C, Bianco O, Saccà CD, Majello B, Donofrio V, Bifano D, De Martino L, Quaglietta L, Cristofano A, Covelli EM, Cinalli G, Ferrucci V, De Antonellis P, Zollo M. Targeting Group 3 Medulloblastoma by the Anti-PRUNE-1 and Anti-LSD1/KDM1A Epigenetic Molecules. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3917. [PMID: 38612726 PMCID: PMC11011515 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Medulloblastoma (MB) is a highly malignant childhood brain tumor. Group 3 MB (Gr3 MB) is considered to have the most metastatic potential, and tailored therapies for Gr3 MB are currently lacking. Gr3 MB is driven by PRUNE-1 amplification or overexpression. In this paper, we found that PRUNE-1 was transcriptionally regulated by lysine demethylase LSD1/KDM1A. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of inhibiting both PRUNE-1 and LSD1/KDM1A with the selective inhibitors AA7.1 and SP-2577, respectively. We found that the pharmacological inhibition had a substantial efficacy on targeting the metastatic axis driven by PRUNE-1 (PRUNE-1-OTX2-TGFβ-PTEN) in Gr3 MB. Using RNA seq transcriptomic feature data in Gr3 MB primary cells, we provide evidence that the combination of AA7.1 and SP-2577 positively affects neuronal commitment, confirmed by glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-positive differentiation and the inhibition of the cytotoxic components of the tumor microenvironment and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by the down-regulation of N-Cadherin protein expression. We also identified an impairing action on the mitochondrial metabolism and, consequently, oxidative phosphorylation, thus depriving tumors cells of an important source of energy. Furthermore, by overlapping the genomic mutational signatures through WES sequence analyses with RNA seq transcriptomic feature data, we propose in this paper that the combination of these two small molecules can be used in a second-line treatment in advanced therapeutics against Gr3 MB. Our study demonstrates that the usage of PRUNE-1 and LSD1/KDM1A inhibitors in combination represents a novel therapeutic approach for these highly aggressive metastatic MB tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Bibbò
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnological DMMBM, University Federico II of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.B.); (V.F.); (P.D.A.)
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate “Franco Salvatore”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.A.); (A.B.); (C.S.); (O.B.)
| | - Fatemeh Asadzadeh
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate “Franco Salvatore”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.A.); (A.B.); (C.S.); (O.B.)
- SEMM European School of Molecular Medicine, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Angelo Boccia
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate “Franco Salvatore”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.A.); (A.B.); (C.S.); (O.B.)
| | - Carmen Sorice
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate “Franco Salvatore”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.A.); (A.B.); (C.S.); (O.B.)
| | - Orazio Bianco
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate “Franco Salvatore”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.A.); (A.B.); (C.S.); (O.B.)
| | - Carmen Daniela Saccà
- Department of Biology, University Federico II of Naples, 80138 Naples, Italy; (C.D.S.); (B.M.)
| | - Barbara Majello
- Department of Biology, University Federico II of Naples, 80138 Naples, Italy; (C.D.S.); (B.M.)
| | - Vittoria Donofrio
- Department of Pathology, Santobono-Pausilipon Children’s Hospital, AORN, 80129 Naples, Italy; (V.D.); (D.B.)
| | - Delfina Bifano
- Department of Pathology, Santobono-Pausilipon Children’s Hospital, AORN, 80129 Naples, Italy; (V.D.); (D.B.)
| | - Lucia De Martino
- Pediatric Neuro-Oncology, Santobono-Pausilipon Children’s Hospital, AORN, 80129 Naples, Italy; (L.D.M.); (L.Q.)
| | - Lucia Quaglietta
- Pediatric Neuro-Oncology, Santobono-Pausilipon Children’s Hospital, AORN, 80129 Naples, Italy; (L.D.M.); (L.Q.)
| | - Adriana Cristofano
- Pediatric Neuroradiology, Santobono-Pausilipon Children’s Hospital, AORN, 80129 Naples, Italy; (A.C.); (E.M.C.)
| | - Eugenio Maria Covelli
- Pediatric Neuroradiology, Santobono-Pausilipon Children’s Hospital, AORN, 80129 Naples, Italy; (A.C.); (E.M.C.)
| | - Giuseppe Cinalli
- Pediatric Neurosurgery, Santobono-Pausilipon Children’s Hospital, AORN, 80129 Naples, Italy;
| | - Veronica Ferrucci
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnological DMMBM, University Federico II of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.B.); (V.F.); (P.D.A.)
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate “Franco Salvatore”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.A.); (A.B.); (C.S.); (O.B.)
| | - Pasqualino De Antonellis
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnological DMMBM, University Federico II of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.B.); (V.F.); (P.D.A.)
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate “Franco Salvatore”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.A.); (A.B.); (C.S.); (O.B.)
| | - Massimo Zollo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnological DMMBM, University Federico II of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.B.); (V.F.); (P.D.A.)
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate “Franco Salvatore”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.A.); (A.B.); (C.S.); (O.B.)
- DAI Medicina di Laboratorio e Trasfusionale, ‘AOU Federico II Policlinico’, 80131 Naples, Italy
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2
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Yu L, Wang X, Zhang W, Khan E, Lin C, Guo C. The multiple regulation of metastasis suppressor NM23-H1 in cancer. Life Sci 2021; 268:118995. [PMID: 33421524 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis is one of the leading causes of mortality in cancer patients. As the firstly identified metastasis suppressor, NM23-H1 has been endowed with expectation as a potent target in metastatic cancer therapy during the past decades. However, many challenges impede its clinical use. Accumulating evidence shows that NM23-H1 has a dichotomous role in tumor metastasis as a suppressor and promoter. It has potentially attributed to its versatile biochemical characteristics such as nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDPK) activity, histidine kinase activity (HPK), exonuclease activity, and protein scaffold, which further augment the complexity and uncertainty of its physiological function. Simultaneously, tumor cells have evolved multiple ways to regulate the expression and function of NM23-H1 during tumorigenesis and metastasis. This review summarized and discussed the regulatory mechanisms of NM23-H1 in cancer including transcriptional activation, subcellular location, enzymatic activity, and protein degradation, which significantly modulate its anti-metastatic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liting Yu
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Xindong Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Wanheng Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR China; School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Eshan Khan
- Department of Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | - Chenyu Lin
- Department of Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | - Changying Guo
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR China.
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3
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Ferrucci V, Asadzadeh F, Collina F, Siciliano R, Boccia A, Marrone L, Spano D, Carotenuto M, Chiarolla CM, De Martino D, De Vita G, Macrì A, Dassi L, Vandenbussche J, Marino N, Cantile M, Paolella G, D'Andrea F, di Bonito M, Gevaert K, Zollo M. Prune-1 drives polarization of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) within the lung metastatic niche in triple-negative breast cancer. iScience 2020; 24:101938. [PMID: 33426510 PMCID: PMC7779777 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
M2-tumor-associated macrophages (M2-TAMs) in the tumor microenvironment represent a prognostic indicator for poor outcome in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Here we show that Prune-1 overexpression in human TNBC patients has positive correlation to lung metastasis and infiltrating M2-TAMs. Thus, we demonstrate that Prune-1 promotes lung metastasis in a genetically engineered mouse model of metastatic TNBC augmenting M2-polarization of TAMs within the tumor microenvironment. Thus, this occurs through TGF-β enhancement, IL-17F secretion, and extracellular vesicle protein content modulation. We also find murine inactivating gene variants in human TNBC patient cohorts that are involved in activation of the innate immune response, cell adhesion, apoptotic pathways, and DNA repair. Altogether, we indicate that the overexpression of Prune-1, IL-10, COL4A1, ILR1, and PDGFB, together with inactivating mutations of PDE9A, CD244, Sirpb1b, SV140, Iqca1, and PIP5K1B genes, might represent a route of metastatic lung dissemination that need future prognostic validations. Prune-1 correlates to M2-TAMs confirming lung metastatic dissemination in GEMM Cytokines and EV proteins are responsible of M2-TAMs polarization processes A small molecule with immunomodulatory properties ameliorates metastatic dissemination Identification of gene variants within immune response and cell adhesion in TNBC
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Ferrucci
- CEINGE, Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples 80145, Italy.,Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche (DMMBM), 'Federico II' University of Naples, Naples 80134, Italy.,European School of Molecular Medicine (SEMM), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Fatemeh Asadzadeh
- CEINGE, Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples 80145, Italy.,Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche (DMMBM), 'Federico II' University of Naples, Naples 80134, Italy
| | - Francesca Collina
- Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCS- Fondazione G.Pascale, Naples 80131, Italy
| | | | | | - Laura Marrone
- CEINGE, Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples 80145, Italy.,Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche (DMMBM), 'Federico II' University of Naples, Naples 80134, Italy
| | | | - Marianeve Carotenuto
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche (DMMBM), 'Federico II' University of Naples, Naples 80134, Italy
| | | | - Daniela De Martino
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche (DMMBM), 'Federico II' University of Naples, Naples 80134, Italy
| | - Gennaro De Vita
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche (DMMBM), 'Federico II' University of Naples, Naples 80134, Italy
| | | | - Luisa Dassi
- CEINGE, Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples 80145, Italy
| | - Jonathan Vandenbussche
- VIB-UGent Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Ghent 9052, Belgium.,Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, B9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Natascia Marino
- CEINGE, Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples 80145, Italy.,Department of Medicine, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis 46202, USA
| | - Monica Cantile
- Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCS- Fondazione G.Pascale, Naples 80131, Italy
| | | | - Francesco D'Andrea
- Dipartimento di Sanità pubblica - AOU, Università; degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Maurizio di Bonito
- Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCS- Fondazione G.Pascale, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Kris Gevaert
- VIB-UGent Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Ghent 9052, Belgium.,Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, B9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Massimo Zollo
- CEINGE, Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples 80145, Italy.,Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche (DMMBM), 'Federico II' University of Naples, Naples 80134, Italy.,European School of Molecular Medicine (SEMM), University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,DAI Medicina di Laboratorio e Trasfusionale, AOU Federico II, Naples 80131, Italy
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4
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Ferrucci V, de Antonellis P, Pennino FP, Asadzadeh F, Virgilio A, Montanaro D, Galeone A, Boffa I, Pisano I, Scognamiglio I, Navas L, Diana D, Pedone E, Gargiulo S, Gramanzini M, Brunetti A, Danielson L, Carotenuto M, Liguori L, Verrico A, Quaglietta L, Errico ME, Del Monaco V, D'Argenio V, Tirone F, Mastronuzzi A, Donofrio V, Giangaspero F, Picard D, Remke M, Garzia L, Daniels C, Delattre O, Swartling FJ, Weiss WA, Salvatore F, Fattorusso R, Chesler L, Taylor MD, Cinalli G, Zollo M. Metastatic group 3 medulloblastoma is driven by PRUNE1 targeting NME1-TGF-β-OTX2-SNAIL via PTEN inhibition. Brain 2019; 141:1300-1319. [PMID: 29490009 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awy039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic modifications during development of paediatric groups 3 and 4 medulloblastoma are responsible for their highly metastatic properties and poor patient survival rates. PRUNE1 is highly expressed in metastatic medulloblastoma group 3, which is characterized by TGF-β signalling activation, c-MYC amplification, and OTX2 expression. We describe the process of activation of the PRUNE1 signalling pathway that includes its binding to NME1, TGF-β activation, OTX2 upregulation, SNAIL (SNAI1) upregulation, and PTEN inhibition. The newly identified small molecule pyrimido-pyrimidine derivative AA7.1 enhances PRUNE1 degradation, inhibits this activation network, and augments PTEN expression. Both AA7.1 and a competitive permeable peptide that impairs PRUNE1/NME1 complex formation, impair tumour growth and metastatic dissemination in orthotopic xenograft models with a metastatic medulloblastoma group 3 cell line (D425-Med cells). Using whole exome sequencing technology in metastatic medulloblastoma primary tumour cells, we also define 23 common 'non-synonymous homozygous' deleterious gene variants as part of the protein molecular network of relevance for metastatic processes. This PRUNE1/TGF-β/OTX2/PTEN axis, together with the medulloblastoma-driver mutations, is of relevance for future rational and targeted therapies for metastatic medulloblastoma group 3.10.1093/brain/awy039_video1awy039media15742053534001.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Ferrucci
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy.,CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy.,European School of Molecular Medicine (SEMM), Milan, Italy
| | - Pasqualino de Antonellis
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy.,CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy.,Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Ontario, Canada
| | - Francesco Paolo Pennino
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy.,CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Antonella Virgilio
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Aldo Galeone
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Ida Pisano
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Luigi Navas
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Donatella Diana
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, Consiglio Nazionale della Ricerca, Naples, Italy
| | - Emilia Pedone
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, Consiglio Nazionale della Ricerca, Naples, Italy
| | - Sara Gargiulo
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, Consiglio Nazionale della Ricerca, Naples, Italy
| | - Matteo Gramanzini
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, Consiglio Nazionale della Ricerca, Naples, Italy
| | - Arturo Brunetti
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Avanzate, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Laura Danielson
- Division of Clinical Studies, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Marianeve Carotenuto
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy.,CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Verrico
- Paediatric Neurosurgery, Ospedale Santobono-Pausilipon, Naples, Italy
| | - Lucia Quaglietta
- Paediatric Neurosurgery, Ospedale Santobono-Pausilipon, Naples, Italy
| | | | | | - Valeria D'Argenio
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy.,CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy
| | - Felice Tirone
- Genetic Control of Development-URT, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, National Research Council, Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Mastronuzzi
- Dipartimento di Onco-Ematologia, IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Felice Giangaspero
- Dipartimento di Scienze Radiologiche, Oncologiche e Anatomo Patologiche, Università La Sapienza, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Daniel Picard
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Department of Paediatric Oncology, Haematology, and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marc Remke
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Department of Paediatric Oncology, Haematology, and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Livia Garzia
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto ON, Canada
| | - Craig Daniels
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Ontario, Canada
| | - Olivier Delattre
- PSL Research University, Inserm U830, Equipe Labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Fredrik J Swartling
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - William A Weiss
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Francesco Salvatore
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy.,CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberto Fattorusso
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Caserta, Italy
| | - Louis Chesler
- Division of Clinical Studies, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Michael D Taylor
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto ON, Canada
| | - Giuseppe Cinalli
- Paediatric Neurosurgery, Ospedale Santobono-Pausilipon, Naples, Italy
| | - Massimo Zollo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy.,CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy.,European School of Molecular Medicine (SEMM), Milan, Italy.,DAI-Medicina Trasfusionale-Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Role of DHH superfamily proteins in nucleic acids metabolism and stress tolerance in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 127:66-75. [PMID: 30578903 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
DHH superfamily proteins play pivotal roles in various cellular processes like replication, recombination, repair and nucleic acids metabolism. These proteins are important for homeostasis maintenance and stress tolerance in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The prominent members of DHH superfamily include single-strand specific exonuclease RecJ, nanoRNases, polyphosphatase PPX1, pyrophosphatase, prune phosphodiesterase and cell cycle protein Cdc45. The mutations of genes coding for DHH superfamily proteins lead to severe growth defects and in some cases, may be lethal. The members of superfamily have a wide substrate spectrum. The spectrum of substrate for DHH superfamily members ranges from smaller molecules like pyrophosphate and cyclic nucleotides to longer single-stranded DNA molecule. Several genetic, structural and biochemical studies have provided interesting insights about roles of DHH superfamily members. However, there are still various unexplored members in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Many aspects of this superfamily associated with homeostasis maintenance and stress tolerance are still not clearly understood. A comprehensive understanding is pre-requisite to decipher the physiological significance of members of DHH superfamily. This article provides the current understanding of DHH superfamily members and their significance in nucleic acids metabolism and stress tolerance across diverse forms of life.
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A competitive cell-permeable peptide impairs Nme-1 (NDPK-A) and Prune-1 interaction: therapeutic applications in cancer. J Transl Med 2018; 98:571-581. [PMID: 29449633 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-017-0011-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The understanding of protein-protein interactions is crucial in order to generate a second level of functional genomic analysis in human disease. Within a cellular microenvironment, protein-protein interactions generate new functions that can be defined by single or multiple modes of protein interactions. We outline here the clinical importance of targeting of the Nme-1 (NDPK-A)-Prune-1 protein complex in cancer, where an imbalance in the formation of this protein-protein complex can result in inhibition of tumor progression. We discuss here recent functional data using a small synthetic competitive cell-permeable peptide (CPP) that has shown therapeutic efficacy for impairing formation of the Nme-1-Prune-1 protein complex in mouse preclinical xenograft tumor models (e.g., breast, prostate, colon, and neuroblastoma). We thus believe that further discoveries in the near future related to the identification of new protein-protein interactions will have great impact on the development of new therapeutic strategies against various cancers.
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7
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Oncogenic Epstein-Barr virus recruits Nm23-H1 to regulate chromatin modifiers. J Transl Med 2018; 98:258-268. [PMID: 29035376 PMCID: PMC6053075 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.2017.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In cancer progression, metastasis is a major cause of poor survival of patients and can be targeted for therapeutic interventions. The first discovered metastatic-suppressor Nm23-H1 possesses nucleoside diphosphate kinase, histidine kinase, and DNase activity as a broad-spectrum enzyme. Recent advances in cancer metastasis have opened new ways for the development of therapeutic molecular approaches. In this review, we provide a summary of the current understanding of Nm23/NDPKs in the context of viral oncogenesis. We also focused on Nm23-H1-mediated cellular events with an emphasis on chromatin modifications. How Nm23-H1 modulates the activities of chromatin modifiers through interaction with Epstein-Barr virus-encoded oncogenic antigens and related crosstalks are discussed in the context of other oncogenic viruses. We also described the current understanding of the cellular and viral interactions of Nm23-H1 and their reference to transcription regulation and metastasis. Further, we summarized the recent therapeutic approaches targeting Nm23 and its potential links to pathways that can be exploited by oncogenic viruses.
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8
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Arciero C, Somiari S, Shriver C, Brzeski H, Jordan R, Hu H, Ellsworth D, Somiari R. Functional Relationship and Gene Ontology Classification of Breast Cancer Biomarkers. Int J Biol Markers 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/172460080301800403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a complex disease that still imposes a significant healthcare burden on women worldwide. The etiology of breast cancer is not known but significant advances have been made in the area of early detection and treatment. The advent of advanced molecular biology techniques, mapping of the human genome and availability of high throughput genomic and proteomic strategies opens up new opportunities and will potentially lead to the discovery of novel biomarkers for early detection and prognostication of breast cancer. Currently, many biomarkers, particularly the hormonal and epidermal growth factor receptors, are being utilized for breast cancer prognosis. Unfortunately, none of the biomarkers in use have sufficient diagnostic, prognostic and/or predictive power across all categories and stages of breast cancer. It is recognized that more useful information can be generated if tumors are interrogated with multiple markers. But choosing the right combination of biomarkers is challenging, because 1) multiple pathways are involved, 2) up to 62 genes and their protein products are potentially involved in breast cancer-related mechanisms and 3) the more markers evaluated, the more the time and cost involved. This review summarizes the current literature on selected biomarkers for breast cancer, discusses the functional relationships, and groups the selected genes based on a Gene Ontology™ classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Arciero
- General Surgery Services, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington DC
- Windber Research Institute, Windber PA - USA
| | | | - C.D. Shriver
- General Surgery Services, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington DC
| | - H. Brzeski
- Windber Research Institute, Windber PA - USA
| | - R. Jordan
- Windber Research Institute, Windber PA - USA
| | - H. Hu
- Windber Research Institute, Windber PA - USA
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NAMBU JUNKO, KOBAYASHI TSUYOSHI, HASHIMOTO MASAKAZU, TASHIRO HIROTAKA, SUGINO KEIZO, SHIMAMOTO FUMIO, KIKUCHI AKIRA, OHDAN HIDEKI. h-prune affects anaplastic thyroid cancer invasion and metastasis. Oncol Rep 2016; 35:3445-52. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.4759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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10
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Carotenuto M, Pedone E, Diana D, de Antonellis P, Džeroski S, Marino N, Navas L, Di Dato V, Scoppettuolo MN, Cimmino F, Correale S, Pirone L, Monti SM, Bruder E, Zenko B, Slavkov I, Pastorino F, Ponzoni M, Schulte JH, Schramm A, Eggert A, Westermann F, Arrigoni G, Accordi B, Basso G, Saviano M, Fattorusso R, Zollo M. Neuroblastoma tumorigenesis is regulated through the Nm23-H1/h-Prune C-terminal interaction. Sci Rep 2013; 3:1351. [PMID: 23448979 PMCID: PMC3584926 DOI: 10.1038/srep01351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2012] [Accepted: 02/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nm23-H1 is one of the most interesting candidate genes for a relevant role in Neuroblastoma pathogenesis. H-Prune is the most characterized Nm23-H1 binding partner, and its overexpression has been shown in different human cancers. Our study focuses on the role of the Nm23-H1/h-Prune protein complex in Neuroblastoma. Using NMR spectroscopy, we performed a conformational analysis of the h-Prune C-terminal to identify the amino acids involved in the interaction with Nm23-H1. We developed a competitive permeable peptide (CPP) to impair the formation of the Nm23-H1/h-Prune complex and demonstrated that CPP causes impairment of cell motility, substantial impairment of tumor growth and metastases formation. Meta-analysis performed on three Neuroblastoma cohorts showed Nm23-H1 as the gene highly associated to Neuroblastoma aggressiveness. We also identified two other proteins (PTPRA and TRIM22) with expression levels significantly affected by CPP. These data suggest a new avenue for potential clinical application of CPP in Neuroblastoma treatment.
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11
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Diana D, Smaldone G, De Antonellis P, Pirone L, Carotenuto M, Alonzi A, Di Gaetano S, Zollo M, Pedone EM, Fattorusso R. Mapping functional interaction sites of human prune C-terminal domain by NMR spectroscopy in human cell lysates. Chemistry 2013; 19:12217-20. [PMID: 23939913 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201302168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Get well prune: The C-terminal third domain of h-prune is largely unfolded and involved in relevant protein-protein interactions, particularly with Nm23-H1 (see figure), GSK-3β and gelsolin. This study shows that protein functions mediated by protein-protein interactions can be accurately followed in cell lysates by using fast NMR spectroscopy, which could be easily used for a very efficient NMR drug-discovery strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donatella Diana
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, CNR via Mezzocannone 16, 80134, Napoli (Italy)
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12
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Virgilio A, Spano D, Esposito V, Di Dato V, Citarella G, Marino N, Maffia V, De Martino D, De Antonellis P, Galeone A, Zollo M. Novel pyrimidopyrimidine derivatives for inhibition of cellular proliferation and motility induced by h-prune in breast cancer. Eur J Med Chem 2012; 57:41-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2012.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2012] [Revised: 06/29/2012] [Accepted: 08/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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13
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Nishio J, Aoki M, Nabeshima K, Iwasaki H, Naito M. Characterization of giant marker and ring chromosomes in a pleomorphic leiomyosarcoma of soft tissue by spectral karyotyping. Oncol Rep 2012; 28:533-8. [PMID: 22641359 DOI: 10.3892/or.2012.1835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2012] [Accepted: 04/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Pleomorphic leiomyosarcoma of soft tissue is relatively rare and its cytogenetic and molecular genetic data are scarce. We present a case of pleomorphic leiomyosarcoma arising in the left thigh of a 60-year-old man. Fluorine-18-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography imaging showed a homogenously high uptake within the mass in the proximal left thigh (maximum standardized uptake value, 20.9). Following a core needle biopsy, wide resection of the tumor was performed. Histologically, the tumor was composed of a mixture of spindle cells, polygonal cells and bizarre giant cells forming interlacing bundles and a storiform pattern. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were positive for vimentin, smooth muscle actin and desmin. The MIB-1 labeling index was 19.7% in the highest spot. Cytogenetic analysis exhibited a complex karyotype with several numerical and structural alterations, including giant marker and ring chromosomes. Spectral karyotyping demonstrated that giant marker and ring chromosomes were composed of material from the X chromosome. Metaphase-based comparative genomic hybridization analysis showed high-level amplifications of 1q21-q25 and 12q13-q21 and gains of 1p31-p32, 10p11-p13, 17p11 and 19p13. The patient received postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy and doxorubicin-based chemotherapy. No local recurrence or distant metastasis was detected during a follow-up period of 19 months. The clinicopathological, cytogenetic and molecular genetic features of pleomorphic soft tissue leiomyosarcoma are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Nishio
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan.
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14
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Marcotte R, Brown KR, Suarez F, Sayad A, Karamboulas K, Krzyzanowski PM, Sircoulomb F, Medrano M, Fedyshyn Y, Koh JL, van Dyk D, Fedyshyn B, Luhova M, Brito GC, Vizeacoumar FJ, Vizeacoumar FS, Datti A, Kasimer D, Buzina A, Mero P, Misquitta C, Normand J, Haider M, Ketela T, Wrana JL, Rottapel R, Neel BG, Moffat J. Essential gene profiles in breast, pancreatic, and ovarian cancer cells. Cancer Discov 2012; 2:172-189. [PMID: 22585861 PMCID: PMC5057396 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-11-0224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 238] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Genomic analyses are yielding a host of new information on the multiple genetic abnormalities associated with specific types of cancer. A comprehensive description of cancer-associated genetic abnormalities can improve our ability to classify tumors into clinically relevant subgroups and, on occasion, identify mutant genes that drive the cancer phenotype ("drivers"). More often, though, the functional significance of cancer-associated mutations is difficult to discern. Genome-wide pooled short hairpin RNA (shRNA) screens enable global identification of the genes essential for cancer cell survival and proliferation, providing a "functional genomic" map of human cancer to complement genomic studies. Using a lentiviral shRNA library targeting ~16,000 genes and a newly developed, dynamic scoring approach, we identified essential gene profiles in 72 breast, pancreatic, and ovarian cancer cell lines. Integrating our results with current and future genomic data should facilitate the systematic identification of drivers, unanticipated synthetic lethal relationships, and functional vulnerabilities of these tumor types. SIGNIFICANCE This study presents a resource of genome-scale, pooled shRNA screens for 72 breast, pancreatic, and ovarian cancer cell lines that will serve as a functional complement to genomics data, facilitate construction of essential gene profiles, help uncover synthetic lethal relationships, and identify uncharacterized genetic vulnerabilities in these tumor types. SIGNIFICANCE This study presents a resource of genome-scale, pooled shRNA screens for 72 breast, pancreatic, and ovarian cancer cell lines that will serve as a functional complement to genomics data, facilitate construction of essential gene profiles, help uncover synthetic lethal relationships, and identify uncharacterized genetic vulnerabilities in these tumor types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Marcotte
- Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Ontario Cancer Institute, Princess Margaret Hospital University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Kevin R. Brown
- Donnelly Centre and Banting & Best Department of Medical Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Canada
| | - Fernando Suarez
- Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Ontario Cancer Institute, Princess Margaret Hospital University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Azin Sayad
- Donnelly Centre and Banting & Best Department of Medical Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Konstantina Karamboulas
- Donnelly Centre and Banting & Best Department of Medical Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Paul M. Krzyzanowski
- Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Ontario Cancer Institute, Princess Margaret Hospital University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Fabrice Sircoulomb
- Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Ontario Cancer Institute, Princess Margaret Hospital University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Mauricio Medrano
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Ontario Cancer Institute, Princess Margaret Hospital University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Yaroslav Fedyshyn
- Donnelly Centre and Banting & Best Department of Medical Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Judice L.Y. Koh
- Donnelly Centre and Banting & Best Department of Medical Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Canada
| | - Dewald van Dyk
- Donnelly Centre and Banting & Best Department of Medical Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Bodhana Fedyshyn
- Donnelly Centre and Banting & Best Department of Medical Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Marianna Luhova
- Donnelly Centre and Banting & Best Department of Medical Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Franco J. Vizeacoumar
- Donnelly Centre and Banting & Best Department of Medical Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Alessandro Datti
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Dahlia Kasimer
- Donnelly Centre and Banting & Best Department of Medical Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Alla Buzina
- Donnelly Centre and Banting & Best Department of Medical Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Patricia Mero
- Donnelly Centre and Banting & Best Department of Medical Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Christine Misquitta
- Donnelly Centre and Banting & Best Department of Medical Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Josee Normand
- Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Ontario Cancer Institute, Princess Margaret Hospital University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Maliha Haider
- Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Ontario Cancer Institute, Princess Margaret Hospital University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Troy Ketela
- Donnelly Centre and Banting & Best Department of Medical Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jeffrey L. Wrana
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
| | - Robert Rottapel
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Ontario Cancer Institute, Princess Margaret Hospital University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Canada
| | - Benjamin G. Neel
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Ontario Cancer Institute, Princess Margaret Hospital University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jason Moffat
- Donnelly Centre and Banting & Best Department of Medical Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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15
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Marino N, Marshall JC, Steeg PS. Protein-protein interactions: a mechanism regulating the anti-metastatic properties of Nm23-H1. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2011. [PMID: 21713383 DOI: 10.07/s00210-011-0646-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Nm23-H1, also known as NDPK-A, was the first of a class of metastasis suppressor genes to be identified. Overexpression of Nm23-H1 in metastatic cell lines (melanoma, breast carcinoma, prostate, colon, hepatocellular, and oral squamous cell carcinoma) reduced cell motility in in vitro assays and metastatic potential in xenograft models, without a significant effect on primary tumor size. The mechanism of Nm23-H1 suppression of metastasis, however, is incompletely understood. Nm23-H1 has been reported to bind proteins, including those in small G-protein complexes, transcriptional complexes, the Map kinase, the TGF-β signaling pathways and the cytoskeleton. Evidence supporting these associations is presented together with evidence of resultant biochemical and phenotypic consequences of association. Cumulatively, the data suggest that part of the anti-metastatic function of Nm23-H1 lies in pathways that it interrupts via binding and inactivation of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natascia Marino
- Women's Cancers Section, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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16
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Saha A, Robertson ES. Functional modulation of the metastatic suppressor Nm23-H1 by oncogenic viruses. FEBS Lett 2011; 585:3174-84. [PMID: 21846466 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2011.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2011] [Revised: 08/04/2011] [Accepted: 08/05/2011] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Evidence over the last two decades from a number of disciplines has solidified some fundamental concepts in metastasis, a major contributor to cancer associated deaths. However, significant advances have been made in controlling this critical cellular process by focusing on targeted therapy. A key set of factors associated with this invasive phenotype is the nm23 family of over twenty metastasis-associated genes. Among the eight known isoforms, Nm23-H1 is the most studied potential anti-metastatic factor associated with human cancers. Importantly, a growing body of work has clearly suggested a critical role for Nm23-H1 in limiting tumor cell motility and progression induced by several tumor viruses, including Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), Kaposi's sarcoma associated herpes virus (KSHV) and human papilloma virus (HPV). A more in depth understanding of the interactions between tumor viruses encoded antigens and Nm23-H1 will facilitate the elucidation of underlying mechanism(s) which contribute to virus-associated cancers. Here, we review recent studies to explore the molecular links between human oncogenic viruses and progression of metastasis, in particular the deregulation of Nm23-H1 mediated suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhik Saha
- Department of Microbiology and Tumor Virology Program, Abramson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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17
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Marino N, Marshall JC, Steeg PS. Protein-protein interactions: a mechanism regulating the anti-metastatic properties of Nm23-H1. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2011; 384:351-62. [PMID: 21713383 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-011-0646-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2011] [Accepted: 03/14/2011] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Nm23-H1, also known as NDPK-A, was the first of a class of metastasis suppressor genes to be identified. Overexpression of Nm23-H1 in metastatic cell lines (melanoma, breast carcinoma, prostate, colon, hepatocellular, and oral squamous cell carcinoma) reduced cell motility in in vitro assays and metastatic potential in xenograft models, without a significant effect on primary tumor size. The mechanism of Nm23-H1 suppression of metastasis, however, is incompletely understood. Nm23-H1 has been reported to bind proteins, including those in small G-protein complexes, transcriptional complexes, the Map kinase, the TGF-β signaling pathways and the cytoskeleton. Evidence supporting these associations is presented together with evidence of resultant biochemical and phenotypic consequences of association. Cumulatively, the data suggest that part of the anti-metastatic function of Nm23-H1 lies in pathways that it interrupts via binding and inactivation of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natascia Marino
- Women's Cancers Section, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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18
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Massidda B, Sini M, Budroni M, Atzori F, Deidda M, Pusceddu V, Perra M, Sirigu P, Cossu A, Palomba G, Ionta M, Palmieri G. Molecular alterations in key-regulator genes among patients with T4 breast carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2010; 10:458. [PMID: 20735841 PMCID: PMC2936331 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-10-458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2010] [Accepted: 08/24/2010] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prognostic factors in patients who are diagnosed with T4 breast carcinomas are widely awaited. We here evaluated the clinical role of some molecular alterations involved in tumorigenesis in a well-characterized cohort of T4 breast cancer patients with a long follow-up period. Methods A consecutive series of 53 patients with T4 breast carcinoma was enrolled between 1992 and 2001 in Sardinia, and observed up for a median of 125 months. Archival paraffin-embedded tissue sections were used for immunohistochemistry (IHC) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analyses, in order to assess alterations in expression levels of survivin, p53, and pERK1-2 proteins as well as in amplification of CyclinD1 and h-prune genes. The Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression methods were used for survival assessment and statistical analysis. Results Overall, patients carrying increased expression of pERK1-2 (p = 0.027) and survivin (p = 0.008) proteins as well as amplification of h-prune gene (p = 0.045) presented a statistically-significant poorer overall survival in comparison with cases found negative for such alterations. After multivariate analysis, the pathological response to primary chemotherapy and the survivin overexpression in primary carcinoma represented the main parameters with a role as independent prognostic factors in our series. Conclusions Although retrospective, our study identified some molecular parameters with a significant impact on prediction of the response to therapy or prognosis among T4 breast cancer patients. Further large prospective studies are needed in order to validate the use of such markers for the management of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Massidda
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
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19
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Italiano A, Bianchini L, Gjernes E, Keslair F, Ranchere-Vince D, Dumollard JM, Haudebourg J, Leroux A, Mainguené C, Terrier P, Chibon F, Coindre JM, Pedeutour F. Clinical and Biological Significance of CDK4 Amplification in Well-Differentiated and Dedifferentiated Liposarcomas. Clin Cancer Res 2009; 15:5696-703. [DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-08-3185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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20
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Galasso A, Zollo M. The Nm23-H1-h-Prune complex in cellular physiology: a 'tip of the iceberg' protein network perspective. Mol Cell Biochem 2009; 329:149-59. [PMID: 19390954 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-009-0115-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2009] [Accepted: 04/02/2009] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Nm23-H1 (also known as NDPKA) and h-Prune form a protein complex that is part of a little-understood protein network. Modifications of this complex correlate with cancer status. Here, we focus on the role of the Nm23-H1-h-Prune complex in cellular physiology, through an analysis of the balance between the 'bound' and 'non-bound' states of Nm23-H1 and h-Prune, whereby we speculate on the 'read-out' during cell homeostasis under non-balanced conditions. We have analysed the biochemical activities of both Nm23-H1 and h-Prune alone and in combination, focussing on the anti-metastatic activity of Nm23-H1. We have then investigated the cellular mechanisms responsible for the formation of the Nm23-H1-h-Prune complex. To evaluate the importance of the equilibrium between the formation of the Nm23-H1-h-Prune complex and the 'free' levels of Nm23-H1 and h-Prune, we propose a model based on a pro-cancer condition where this equilibrium is negatively affected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Galasso
- Centro di Ingegneria Genetica e Biotecnologia Avanzate (CEINGE), Via Comunale Margherita 482, 80145 Naples, Italy
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21
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Kim HD, Youn B, Kim TS, Kim SH, Shin HS, Kim J. Regulators affecting the metastasis suppressor activity of Nm23-H1. Mol Cell Biochem 2009. [PMID: 19377884 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Nm23-H1 encodes nucleoside diphosphate kinase A (NDPK-A) and is known to have a metastasis suppressive activity in many tumor cells. However, it has many other functions as well. Recent studies have shown that the interacting proteins with Nm23-H1 which mediate the cell proliferation, may act as modulators of the metastasis suppressor activity. The interacting proteins with Nm23-H1 can be classified into 3 groups. The first group of proteins can be classified as upstream kinases of Nm23-H1 such as CKI and Aurora-A/STK15. The second group of proteins acts as downstream effectors for the regulation of specific gene transcriptions, GTP-binding protein functions, and signal transduction in Erk signal cascade. The third group of proteins can be classified as bi-directionally influencing binding partners of Nm23-H1. As a result, the interactions with Nm23-H1 and binding partners have implications in the biochemical characterization involved in metastasis and tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hag Dong Kim
- School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, and BioInstitute, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Korea
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22
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Kim HD, Youn B, Kim TS, Kim SH, Shin HS, Kim J. Regulators affecting the metastasis suppressor activity of Nm23-H1. Mol Cell Biochem 2009; 329:167-73. [PMID: 19377884 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-009-0109-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2009] [Accepted: 04/02/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Nm23-H1 encodes nucleoside diphosphate kinase A (NDPK-A) and is known to have a metastasis suppressive activity in many tumor cells. However, it has many other functions as well. Recent studies have shown that the interacting proteins with Nm23-H1 which mediate the cell proliferation, may act as modulators of the metastasis suppressor activity. The interacting proteins with Nm23-H1 can be classified into 3 groups. The first group of proteins can be classified as upstream kinases of Nm23-H1 such as CKI and Aurora-A/STK15. The second group of proteins acts as downstream effectors for the regulation of specific gene transcriptions, GTP-binding protein functions, and signal transduction in Erk signal cascade. The third group of proteins can be classified as bi-directionally influencing binding partners of Nm23-H1. As a result, the interactions with Nm23-H1 and binding partners have implications in the biochemical characterization involved in metastasis and tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hag Dong Kim
- School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, and BioInstitute, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Korea
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23
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Georgescauld F, Mocan I, Lacombe ML, Lascu I. Rescue of the neuroblastoma mutant of the human nucleoside diphosphate kinase A/nm23-H1 by the natural osmolyte trimethylamine-N-oxide. FEBS Lett 2009; 583:820-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2009.01.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2008] [Revised: 01/06/2009] [Accepted: 01/22/2009] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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24
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Hsu CG, Lin LY, Ko JL, Yang SF, Chang H, Lin CY, Tsai HT, Chen SC, Chen SC, Wang PH. High expression of human nonmetastatic clone 23 type 1 in cancer of uterine cervix and its association with poor cell differentiation and worse overall survival. J Surg Oncol 2008; 98:448-56. [DOI: 10.1002/jso.21127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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25
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Steeg PS, Horak CE, Miller KD. Clinical-translational approaches to the Nm23-H1 metastasis suppressor. Clin Cancer Res 2008; 14:5006-12. [PMID: 18698018 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-08-0238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Nm23-H1 significantly reduces metastasis without effects on primary tumor size and was the first discovered metastasis suppressor gene. At least three mechanisms are thought to contribute to the metastasis-suppressive effect of Nm23-H1: (a) its histidine kinase activity toward ATP-citrate lyase, aldolase C, and the kinase suppressor of ras, with the last inactivating mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling; (b) binding proteins that titer out "free" Nm23-H1 and inhibit its ability to suppress metastasis; and (c) altered gene expression downstream of Nm23-H1, particularly an inverse association with the lysophosphatidic acid receptor endothelial differentiation gene-28 (EDG2). Most metastasis suppressor genes, including Nm23-H1, affect metastatic colonization, which is the outgrowth of tumor cells in distant locations; therefore, they are of high translational interest. A phase II trial is ongoing to test the hypothesis that a compound, high-dose medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA), used as an unconventional gluocorticoid, will stimulate breast cancer cells to reexpress Nm23-H1 and limit subsequent metastatic colonization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia S Steeg
- Women's Cancers Section, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, 37 Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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26
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Yang J, Du X, Chen K, Ylipää A, Lazar AJF, Trent J, Lev D, Pollock R, Hao X, Hunt K, Zhang W. Genetic aberrations in soft tissue leiomyosarcoma. Cancer Lett 2008; 275:1-8. [PMID: 18649996 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2008.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2008] [Revised: 06/05/2008] [Accepted: 06/16/2008] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Leiomyosarcoma is a malignant mesenchymal tumor composed of cells showing smooth muscle differentiation. This tumor usually occurs in middle-aged or older adults, and forms a significant percentage of retroperitoneal, vascular, extremity, and uterine sarcomas. Leiomyosarcomas are most often associated with complex karyotypes with numerous chromosomal gains and losses. Some of these cytogenetic and molecular genetic aberrations correlate with histopathologic features and clinical outcomes. Identification of genetic alterations with specific identification of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes may lead to additional insights into the tumorigenesis of leiomyosarcoma and the opportunity to confer the benefits of targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jilong Yang
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor, Tianjin Cancer Hospital and Institute, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 30060, China
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27
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Characterization of the 12q amplicons by high-resolution, oligonucleotide array CGH and expression analyses of a novel liposarcoma cell line. Cancer Lett 2008; 260:37-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2007.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2007] [Revised: 10/14/2007] [Accepted: 10/15/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Middelhaufe S, Garzia L, Ohndorf UM, Kachholz B, Zollo M, Steegborn C. Domain mapping on the human metastasis regulator protein h-Prune reveals a C-terminal dimerization domain. Biochem J 2008; 407:199-205. [PMID: 17655525 PMCID: PMC2049022 DOI: 10.1042/bj20070408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The human orthologue of the Drosophila prune protein (h-Prune) is an interaction partner and regulator of the metastasis suppressor protein NM23-H1 (non-metastatic protein 23). Studies on a cellular breast-cancer model showed that inhibition of the cAMP-specific PDE (phosphodiesterase) activity of h-Prune lowered the incidence of metastasis formation, suggesting that inhibition of h-Prune could be a therapeutic approach towards metastatic tumours. H-Prune shows no sequence similarity with known mammalian PDEs, but instead appears to belong to the DHH (Asp-His-His) superfamily of phosphoesterases. In order to investigate the structure and molecular function of h-Prune, we expressed recombinant h-Prune in a bacterial system. Through sequence analysis and limited proteolysis, we identified domain boundaries and a potential coiled-coil region in a C-terminal cortexillin homology domain. We found that this C-terminal domain mediated h-Prune homodimerization, as well as its interaction with NM23-H1. The PDE catalytic domain of h-Prune was mapped to the N-terminus and shown to be active, even when present in a monomeric form. Our findings indicate that h-Prune is composed of two independent active sites and two interaction sites for the assembly of oligomeric signalling complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Middelhaufe
- *Department of Physiological Chemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Livia Garzia
- †Centro di Ingegneria Genetica e Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145 Napoli, Italy
| | - Uta-Maria Ohndorf
- *Department of Physiological Chemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Barbara Kachholz
- *Department of Physiological Chemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Massimo Zollo
- †Centro di Ingegneria Genetica e Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145 Napoli, Italy
- ‡Dipartimento di Biochimica e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Via Pansini 5, Naples, Italy
| | - Clemens Steegborn
- *Department of Physiological Chemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
- To whom correspondence should be addressed (email )
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29
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Marino N, Zollo M. Understanding h-prune biology in the fight against cancer. Clin Exp Metastasis 2007; 24:637-45. [DOI: 10.1007/s10585-007-9109-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2007] [Accepted: 09/28/2007] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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30
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Garzia L, D'Angelo A, Amoresano A, Knauer SK, Cirulli C, Campanella C, Stauber RH, Steegborn C, Iolascon A, Zollo M. Phosphorylation of nm23-H1 by CKI induces its complex formation with h-prune and promotes cell motility. Oncogene 2007; 27:1853-64. [PMID: 17906697 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1210822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The combination of an increase in the cAMP-phosphodiesterase activity of h-prune and its interaction with nm23-H1 have been shown to be key steps in the induction of cellular motility in breast cancer cells. Here we present the molecular mechanisms of this interaction. The region of the nm23-h-prune interaction lies between S120 and S125 of nm23, where missense mutants show impaired binding; this region has been highly conserved throughout evolution, and can undergo serine phosphorylation by casein kinase I. Thus, the casein kinase I delta-epsilon specific inhibitor IC261 impairs the formation of the nm23-h-prune complex, which translates 'in vitro' into inhibition of cellular motility in a breast cancer cellular model. A competitive permeable peptide containing the region for phosphorylation by casein kinase I impairs cellular motility to the same extent as IC261. The identification of these two modes of inhibition of formation of the nm23-H1-h-prune protein complex pave the way toward new challenges, including translational studies using IC261 or this competitive peptide 'in vivo' to inhibit cellular motility induced by nm23-H1-h-prune complex formation during progression of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Garzia
- CEINGE, Centro di Ingegneria Genetica e Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy
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31
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Oue N, Yoshida K, Noguchi T, Sentani K, Kikuchi A, Yasui W. Increased expression of h-prune is associated with tumor progression and poor survival in gastric cancer. Cancer Sci 2007; 98:1198-205. [PMID: 17532757 PMCID: PMC11159333 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2007.00515.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The human homolog of the Drosophila prune protein (from PRUNE, which encodes h-prune), which interacts with glycogen synthase kinase 3, promotes cellular motility. H-prune also interacts with nm23-H1, a suppressor of cancer metastasis. It has been reported that stimulation of cellular motility by h-prune is enhanced by its interaction with nm23-H1 in breast cancer cells. In the present study, we examined the expression of h-prune and nm23-H1 during tumor progression in gastric cancer (GC). PRUNE mRNA was overexpressed in 12 (32%) of 38 GC cases by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. PRUNE mRNA levels correlated significantly with advanced T grade, N grade and tumor stage. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that 43 (30%) of 143 GC cases were positive for h-prune, and h-prune-positive GC cases showed more advanced T grade, N grade and tumor stage than h-prune-negative GC cases. One hundred and twenty-four (87%) of 143 GC cases were positive for nm23-H1, and nm23-H1 was expressed in almost all (42 cases, 98%) h-prune-positive GC cases. Many GC cases positive for both h-prune and nm23-H1 showed more advanced T grade, N grade and tumor stage than other type GC cases. Patients with h-prune-positive GC had a significantly worse survival rate than patients with h-prune-negative GC. These findings indicate that overexpression of h-prune is associated with tumor progression and aggressiveness of GC. nm23-H1 may enhance motility of cancer cells by interacting with h-prune.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naohide Oue
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
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32
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Kininis M, Chen BS, Diehl AG, Isaacs GD, Zhang T, Siepel AC, Clark AG, Kraus WL. Genomic analyses of transcription factor binding, histone acetylation, and gene expression reveal mechanistically distinct classes of estrogen-regulated promoters. Mol Cell Biol 2007; 27:5090-104. [PMID: 17515612 PMCID: PMC1951957 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00083-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
To explore the global mechanisms of estrogen-regulated transcription, we used chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled with DNA microarrays to determine the localization of RNA polymerase II (Pol II), estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha), steroid receptor coactivator proteins (SRC), and acetylated histones H3/H4 (AcH) at estrogen-regulated promoters in MCF-7 cells with or without estradiol (E2) treatment. In addition, we correlated factor occupancy with gene expression and the presence of transcription factor binding elements. Using this integrative approach, we defined a set of 58 direct E2 target genes based on E2-regulated Pol II occupancy and classified their promoters based on factor binding, histone modification, and transcriptional output. Many of these direct E2 target genes exhibit interesting modes of regulation and biological activities, some of which may be relevant to the onset and proliferation of breast cancers. Our studies indicate that about one-third of these direct E2 target genes contain promoter-proximal ERalpha-binding sites, which is considerably more than previous estimates. Some of these genes represent possible novel targets for regulation through the ERalpha/AP-1 tethering pathway. Our studies have also revealed several previously uncharacterized global features of E2-regulated gene expression, including strong positive correlations between Pol II occupancy and AcH levels, as well as between the E2-dependent recruitment of ERalpha and SRC at the promoters of E2-stimulated genes. Furthermore, our studies have revealed new mechanistic insights into E2-regulated gene expression, including the absence of SRC binding at E2-repressed genes and the presence of constitutively bound, promoter-proximally paused Pol IIs at some E2-regulated promoters. These mechanistic insights are likely to be relevant for understanding gene regulation by a wide variety of nuclear receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miltiadis Kininis
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, 465 Biotechnology Building, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
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Mocan I, Georgescauld F, Gonin P, Thoraval D, Cervoni L, Giartosio A, Dabernat-Arnaud S, Crouzet M, Lacombe ML, Lascu I. Protein phosphorylation corrects the folding defect of the neuroblastoma (S120G) mutant of human nucleoside diphosphate kinase A/Nm23-H1. Biochem J 2007; 403:149-56. [PMID: 17155928 PMCID: PMC1828887 DOI: 10.1042/bj20061141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Human nucleoside diphosphate (NDP) kinase A is a 'house-keeping' enzyme essential for the synthesis of nonadenine nucleoside (and deoxynucleoside) 5'-triphosphate. It is involved in complex cellular regulatory functions including the control of metastatic tumour dissemination. The mutation S120G has been identified in high-grade neuroblastomas. We have shown previously that this mutant has a folding defect: the urea-denatured protein could not refold in vitro. A molten globule folding intermediate accumulated, whereas the wild-type protein folded and associated into active hexamers. In the present study, we report that autophosphorylation of the protein corrected the folding defect. The phosphorylated S120G mutant NDP kinase, either autophosphorylated with ATP as donor, or chemically prosphorylated by phosphoramidate, refolded and associated quickly with high yield. Nucleotide binding had only a small effect. ADP and the non-hydrolysable ATP analogue 5'-adenyly-limido-diphosphate did not promote refolding. ATP-promoted refolding was strongly inhibited by ADP, indicating protein dephosphorylation. Our findings explain why the mutant enzyme is produced in mammalian cells and in Escherichia coli in a soluble form and is active, despite the folding defect of the S120G mutant observed in vitro. We generated an inactive mutant kinase by replacing the essential active-site histidine residue at position 118 with an asparagine residue, which abrogates the autophosphorylation. The double mutant H118N/S120G was expressed in inclusion bodies in E. coli. Its renaturation stops at a folding intermediate and cannot be reactivated by ATP in vitro. The transfection of cells with this double mutant might be a good model to study the cellular effects of folding intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iulia Mocan
- *Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires (UMR 5095), Université Victor Segalen Bordeaux2 and CNRS, 33077 Bordeaux Cedex, France
| | - Florian Georgescauld
- *Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires (UMR 5095), Université Victor Segalen Bordeaux2 and CNRS, 33077 Bordeaux Cedex, France
| | - Philippe Gonin
- *Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires (UMR 5095), Université Victor Segalen Bordeaux2 and CNRS, 33077 Bordeaux Cedex, France
| | - Didier Thoraval
- *Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires (UMR 5095), Université Victor Segalen Bordeaux2 and CNRS, 33077 Bordeaux Cedex, France
| | - Laura Cervoni
- †Dipartimento di Scienze Biochimiche ‘A. Rossi Fanelli’ and the Center of Molecular Biology of Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Università degli Studi ‘La Sapienza’, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Giartosio
- †Dipartimento di Scienze Biochimiche ‘A. Rossi Fanelli’ and the Center of Molecular Biology of Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Università degli Studi ‘La Sapienza’, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Marc Crouzet
- *Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires (UMR 5095), Université Victor Segalen Bordeaux2 and CNRS, 33077 Bordeaux Cedex, France
| | - Marie-Lise Lacombe
- §Unité 680 INSERM, Faculté de Médecine Pierre et Marie Curie, site Saint-Antoine, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Ioan Lascu
- *Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires (UMR 5095), Université Victor Segalen Bordeaux2 and CNRS, 33077 Bordeaux Cedex, France
- To whom correspondence should be addressed (email )
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Garzia L, Roma C, Tata N, Pagnozzi D, Pucci P, Zollo M. H-prune-nm23-H1 protein complex and correlation to pathways in cancer metastasis. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2007; 38:205-13. [PMID: 17103319 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-006-9036-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a multi-step process, one of the latest events correspond to metastasis formation and dissemination, to date the major cause of deaths. The h-prune-nm23-H1 protein complex and its activation of PDE-cAMP activity have been shown to correlate with breast cancer progression and metastasis formation. Here, we describe the protein complex formation and its involvement in cell migration. By gene expression studies and protein-protein pull-down analyses coupled to mass spectrometry we have identified new genes and pathways along which the h-prune-nm23-H1 complex exerts its function. We review here h-prune binding to the glycogen synthase kinase (GSK-3beta) and identify a new h-prune protein partner, Gelsolin, an ATP severing protein acting in focal adhesions, in a MDA-435 breast cancer cellular model. The results presented here underline the importance of this protein complex leading to new translational studies involved into the inhibition of cell migration, thus enhancing the potential of using this knowledge to direct inhibition of metastases formation in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia Garzia
- Centro di Ingegneria Genetica e Biotecnologia Avanzate, CEINGE, Via Comunale Margherita 482, 80131, Naples, Italy
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35
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Prowatke I, Devens F, Benner A, Gröne EF, Mertens D, Gröne HJ, Lichter P, Joos S. Expression analysis of imbalanced genes in prostate carcinoma using tissue microarrays. Br J Cancer 2006; 96:82-8. [PMID: 17146477 PMCID: PMC2360197 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6603490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
To identify candidate genes relevant for prostate tumour prognosis and progression, we performed an exhaustive gene search in seven previously described genomic-profiling studies of 161 prostate tumours, and four expression profiling studies of 61 tumours. From the resulting list of candidate genes, six were selected for protein-expression analysis based on the availability of antibodies applicable to paraffinised tissue: fatty acid synthase (FASN), MYC, β-adrenergic receptor kinase 1 (BARK1, GRK2) the catalytic subunits of protein phosphatases PP1α (PPP1CA) and PP2A (PPP2CB) and metastasis suppressor NM23-H1. These candidates were analysed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) on a tissue microarray containing 651 cores of primary prostate cancer samples and benign prostatic hyperplasias (BPH) from 175 patients. In univariate analysis, expression of PP1α (P=0.001) was found to strongly correlate with Gleason score. MYC immunostaining negatively correlated with both pT-stage and Gleason score (P<0.001 each) in univariate as well as in multivariate analysis. Furthermore, a subgroup of patients with high Gleason scores was characterised by a complete loss of BARK1 protein (P=0.023). In conclusion, our study revealed novel molecular markers of potential diagnostic and therapeutic relevance for prostate carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Prowatke
- Division of Molecular Genetics, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - F Devens
- Division of Molecular Genetics, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A Benner
- Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - E F Gröne
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - D Mertens
- Division of Molecular Genetics, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - H-J Gröne
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - P Lichter
- Division of Molecular Genetics, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - S Joos
- Division of Molecular Genetics, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- Abteilung Molekulare Genetik (B060), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg D-69120, Germany. E-mail:
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Myllykangas S, Böhling T, Knuutila S. Specificity, selection and significance of gene amplifications in cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2006; 17:42-55. [PMID: 17161620 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2006.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2006] [Accepted: 10/17/2006] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
DNA copy number amplifications activate oncogenes and are found in the majority of advanced solid tumors. Cell-lineage specificity and oncogene affinity of DNA amplifications in cancer suggest that properties of precursor stem cells and selection pressure in the tissue micro-environment determine the genomic location of gene amplifications. Biological specificity and significance of gene amplifications make them potential targets for clinical applications. Here we discuss the specificity of non-randomly occurring DNA copy number amplifications as defining features for cancers, their selection in the tumor tissue, and significance in the clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Myllykangas
- Department of Pathology, Haartman Institute and HUSLAB, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, POB 21 (Haartmaninkatu 3), FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Carotenuto P, Marino N, Bello AM, D'Angelo A, Di Porzio U, Lombardi D, Zollo M. PRUNE and NM23-M1 expression in embryonic and adult mouse brain. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2006; 38:233-46. [PMID: 17033939 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-006-9044-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2005] [Accepted: 01/04/2006] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A genetic interaction between PRUNE and NM23/NDPK has been postulated in Drosophila melanogaster. Many have focused on Drosophila for the genetic combination between PRUNE "knock down" and AWD/NM23 fly mutants bearing the P97S mutation (K-pn, Killer of PRUNE mutation). We postulated a role for PRUNE-NM23 interactions in vertebrate development, demonstrating a physical interaction between the human PRUNE and NM23-H1 proteins, and partially characterizing their functional significance in cancer progression. Here, we present an initial analysis towards the functional characterization of the PRUNE-NM23 interaction during mammalian embryogenesis. Our working hypothesis is that PRUNE, NM23-H1 and their protein-protein interaction partners have important roles in mammalian brain development and adult brain function. Detailed expression analyses from early mouse brain development to adulthood show significant co-expression of these two genes during embryonic stages of brain development, especially focusing on the cortex, hippocampus, midbrain and cerebellum. We hypothesize that their abnormal expression results in an altered pathway of activation, influencing protein complex formation and its protein partner interactions in early embryogenesis. In the adult brain, their function appears concentrated towards their enzyme activities, wherein biochemical variations can result in brain dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Carotenuto
- CEINGE, Biotecnologie Avanzate Scarl, Via Comunale Margherita 482, 80145, Naples, Italy
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38
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Svarvar C, Larramendy ML, Blomqvist C, Gentile M, Koivisto-Korander R, Leminen A, Bützow R, Böhling T, Knuutila S. Do DNA copy number changes differentiate uterine from non-uterine leiomyosarcomas and predict metastasis? Mod Pathol 2006; 19:1068-82. [PMID: 16648866 DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.3800617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
DNA copy number changes were investigated in 51 (19 uterine and 32 nonuterine) primary leiomyosarcomas by comparative genomic hybridization. The aim was to evaluate whether true biological differences exist between uterine and nonuterine leiomyosarcoma and whether changes revealed by comparative genomic hybridization have prognostic value. Genomic imbalances were found in 48 (94%) cases. The most frequent DNA copy number changes were losses in 10q (35%), 13q (57%), and 16q (41%), gains in 1q (41%), and gains and high-level amplifications in 17p (39%). Gains were nearly as frequent as losses in both uterine and nonuterine leiomyosarcoma. Correlation-based tree modeling revealed two clusters that segregated significantly a group of uterine (gains at 1q11-q24) and a group of nonuterine (losses at 13q14-q34, 16q11.1-q24, and 10q21-q26) cases. The nonuterine cluster was associated with subcutaneous origin and a trend toward increased metastasis-free survival. Further explorative analyses identified aberrations associated with shorter metastasis-free survival time, including losses at 2q32.1-q37 and gains at 8q24.1-q24.3, whereas the cases with losses at 6cen-p25 showed longer metastasis-free survival time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Svarvar
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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39
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Tarkkanen M, Larramendy ML, Böhling T, Serra M, Hattinger CM, Kivioja A, Elomaa I, Picci P, Knuutila S. Malignant fibrous histiocytoma of bone: analysis of genomic imbalances by comparative genomic hybridisation and C-MYC expression by immunohistochemistry. Eur J Cancer 2006; 42:1172-80. [PMID: 16630715 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2006.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2005] [Revised: 01/13/2006] [Accepted: 01/16/2006] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) of bone is a rare, highly malignant tumour. As very little is known about its genetic alterations, 26 bone MFHs were analysed by comparative genomic hybridisation (CGH). Twenty-three tumours (89%) had DNA sequence copy number changes (mean, 7.2 changes per sample). Gains were more frequent than losses (gains:losses=2.5:1). Minimal common regions for the most frequent gains were 8q21.3-qter (35%), 9q32-qter (35%), 7q22-q31 (35%), 1q21-q23 (31%), 7p12-pter (31%), 7cen-q11.2 (31%) and 15q21 (31%). Minimal common regions for the most frequent losses were 13q21-q22 (42%) and 18q12-q22 (27%). High-level amplifications were detected in 8 out of the 26 tumours (31%). The only recurrent amplifications, 1q21-q23 and 8q21.2-q22, were present in two samples (8%). As copy number increase at 8q24 (the locus of C-MYC) was frequent, the expression of C-MYC was studied by immunohistochemistry. Increased levels of c-myc protein were detected in 7 out of 21 tumours studied (33%). 81% of the samples studied both by CGH and immunohistochemistry showed concordant results. Furthermore, the findings of the present study were compared to previous publications on osteosarcoma, soft tissue MFH and fibrosarcoma of bone. Clear differences were detected in CGH aberration patterns, further supporting the concept of bone MFH as an individual bone tumour entity. Finally, the findings of the present study reflect well the high malignancy and aggressive nature of bone MFH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maija Tarkkanen
- Department of Pathology, Haartman Institute and HUSLAB, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, P.O. Box 21, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
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Kobayashi T, Hino SI, Oue N, Asahara T, Zollo M, Yasui W, Kikuchi A. Glycogen synthase kinase 3 and h-prune regulate cell migration by modulating focal adhesions. Mol Cell Biol 2006; 26:898-911. [PMID: 16428445 PMCID: PMC1347031 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.26.3.898-911.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
h-prune, which has been suggested to be involved in cell migration, was identified as a glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3)-binding protein. Treatment of cultured cells with GSK-3 inhibitors or small interfering RNA (siRNA) for GSK-3 and h-prune inhibited their motility. The kinase activity of GSK-3 was required for the interaction of GSK-3 with h-prune. h-prune was localized to focal adhesions, and the siRNA for GSK-3 or h-prune delayed the disassembly of paxillin. The tyrosine phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and the activation of Rac were suppressed in GSK-3 or h-prune knocked-down cells. GSK-3 inhibitors suppressed the disassembly of paxillin and the activation of FAK and Rac. Furthermore, h-prune was highly expressed in colorectal and pancreatic cancers, and the positivity of the h-prune expression was correlated with tumor invasion. These results suggest that GSK-3 and h-prune cooperatively regulate the disassembly of focal adhesions to promote cell migration and that h-prune is useful as a marker for tumor aggressiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Kobayashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan.
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41
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Provost E, Hersperger G, Timmons L, Ho WQ, Hersperger E, Alcazar R, Shearn A. Loss-of-function mutations in a glutathione S-transferase suppress the prune-Killer of prune lethal interaction. Genetics 2006; 172:207-19. [PMID: 16143620 PMCID: PMC1456148 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.105.044669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2005] [Accepted: 08/25/2005] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The prune gene of Drosophila melanogaster is predicted to encode a phosphodiesterase. Null alleles of prune are viable but cause an eye-color phenotype. The abnormal wing discs gene encodes a nucleoside diphosphate kinase. Killer of prune is a missense mutation in the abnormal wing discs gene. Although it has no phenotype by itself even when homozygous, Killer of prune when heterozygous causes lethality in the absence of prune gene function. A screen for suppressors of transgenic Killer of prune led to the recovery of three mutations, all of which are in the same gene. As heterozygotes these mutations are dominant suppressors of the prune-Killer of prune lethal interaction; as homozygotes these mutations cause early larval lethality and the absence of imaginal discs. These alleles are loss-of-function mutations in CG10065, a gene that is predicted to encode a protein with several zinc finger domains and glutathione S-transferase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elayne Provost
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
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Ortiz RM, Kärkkäinen I, Huovila APJ. Aberrant alternative exon use and increased copy number of human metalloprotease-disintegrin ADAM15 gene in breast cancer cells. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2005; 41:366-78. [PMID: 15384173 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.20102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
ADAM genes have been associated with cancer, with ADAM expression, genomic rearrangements, and, by implication of ADAM proteins in the altered behavior found in tumor cells. In the present study, increased copy number of the ADAM15 gene in human breast cancer cell lines was demonstrated by fluorescence in situ hybridization. This was not reflected in mRNA levels, however. Instead, the use of alternative ADAM15 exons appeared erratic, leading to aberrant combinations of ADAM15 mRNA isoforms in the cancer cells. Clustering analysis indicated that these isoform patterns were nonrandom, suggesting a failure in the regulation mechanism or mechanisms of the alternative exon usage. Altered regulation of alternative exon usage may provide a useful target for cancer diagnostics development. ADAM15 would be particularly appropriate for breast cancer diagnostics because the various combinations of its three alternatively used exons can be readily examined with a simple, straightforward PCR protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebekka M Ortiz
- Institute of Medical Technology, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
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Zollo M, Andrè A, Cossu A, Sini MC, D'Angelo A, Marino N, Budroni M, Tanda F, Arrigoni G, Palmieri G. Overexpression of h-prune in Breast Cancer is Correlated with Advanced Disease Status. Clin Cancer Res 2005. [DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.199.11.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose: The h-prune gene is involved in cellular motility and metastasis formation in breast cancer through interacting with the nm23-H1 protein. The aim of this study was to better define the clinical and pathologic role of h-prune in breast cancer patients.
Experimental Design: Using immunohistochemistry, we assessed h-prune and nm23-H1 protein expression in two series of breast cancer patients: (i) in 2,109 cases with pathologic reports on primary tumors and (ii) in 412 cases with detailed clinical information. To assess the role of DNA amplification in gene activation, the h-prune copy number was evaluated by fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis in 1,016 breast cancer cases.
Results: In the patients tested (n = 2,463), 1,340 (54%) had an increased level of h-prune expression; a positive immunostaining for nm23-H1 was observed in 615 of 2,061 (30%) cases. Overexpression of h-prune was associated with multiple gene copy number at chromosome 1q21.3 in a very limited fraction of cases (68 of 1,016; 6.7%), strongly indicating that alternative pathways induce h-prune activation in breast cancer. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that neither h-prune overexpression nor decreased nm23-H1 immunostaining is independent prognostic factors. However, a significant association of h-prune overexpression with either advanced lymph node status (P = 0.017) or presence of distant metastases (P = 0.029) was observed.
Conclusions: Although not significantly correlated with overall survival, positive h-prune immunostaining identifies subsets of breast cancer patients with higher tumor aggressiveness. Further investigations using larger collections of advanced breast cancer patients are required for assessing the predictive role of h-prune in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Zollo
- 1Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Naples, Italy
- 6Centro di ricerca per l'ingegneria genetica di Napoli, Naples., Italy
| | | | - Antonio Cossu
- 2Istituto Anatomia Patologica, Università di Sassari
| | - Maria C. Sini
- 3Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare-Sezione di Sassari, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Località Tramariglio
| | - Anna D'Angelo
- 1Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Mario Budroni
- 4Centro Multizonale di Osservazione Epidemiologica,Azienda U.S.L.1, Sassari, Italy
| | | | - Gianluigi Arrigoni
- 5Ospedale San Raffaele, HSR, Departimento di Patologia, Milan, Italy; and
| | - Giuseppe Palmieri
- 3Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare-Sezione di Sassari, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Località Tramariglio
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Atypical lipomatous tumors/well-differentiated liposarcomas (ALT/WDLs) are one of the more frequent mesenchymal neoplasms and are characterized by specific chromosome aberrations: supernumerary chromosome or giant marker chromosome or both. Extra copies of known oncogenes such as MDM2, CDK4, SAS, HMGA2 and others are present in this abnormal genetic material. RECENT FINDINGS In the past few years, several papers have further dissected the genetic alterations present in these tumors, allowing the identification of new potential oncogenes. SUMMARY ALT/WDLs represent therefore an interesting model for assessing the potential role of these oncogenes, not only in the pathogenesis, but also as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluigi Arrigoni
- Department of Pathology, San Raffaele Hospital, Via Olgettina 60, Milan, Italy
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45
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Lombardi D, Mileo AM. Protein interactions provide new insight into Nm23/nucleoside diphosphate kinase functions. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2004. [PMID: 12848343 DOI: 10.1023/a: 1023445907439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Nm23-NDPKs besides contributing to the maintenance of the cellular nucleoside triphosphate pool, exert regulatory properties in a variety of cellular events including proliferation, invasiveness, development, differentiation, and gene regulation. This review focuses on recently discovered protein-protein interactions involving the Nm23 proteins. The findings herein summarized provide new and intriguing suggestions for a more extensive understanding of the biological functions of the Nm23 proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Lombardi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
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46
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D'Angelo A, Garzia L, André A, Carotenuto P, Aglio V, Guardiola O, Arrigoni G, Cossu A, Palmieri G, Aravind L, Zollo M. Prune cAMP phosphodiesterase binds nm23-H1 and promotes cancer metastasis. Cancer Cell 2004; 5:137-49. [PMID: 14998490 DOI: 10.1016/s1535-6108(04)00021-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2003] [Revised: 11/01/2003] [Accepted: 11/24/2003] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We identify a new enzymatic activity underlying metastasis in breast cancer and describe its susceptibility to therapeutic inhibition. We show that human prune (h-prune), a phosphoesterase DHH family appertaining protein, has a hitherto unrecognized cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity effectively suppressed by dipyridamole, a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. h-prune physically interacts with nm23-H1, a metastasis suppressor gene. The h-prune PDE activity, suppressed by dipyridamole and enhanced by the interaction with nm23-H1, stimulates cellular motility and metastasis processes. Out of 59 metastatic breast cancer cases analyzed, 22 (37%) were found to overexpress h-prune, evidence that this novel enzymatic activity is involved in promoting cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna D'Angelo
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
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Wang L, Fraley CD, Faridi J, Kornberg A, Roth RA. Inorganic polyphosphate stimulates mammalian TOR, a kinase involved in the proliferation of mammary cancer cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2003; 100:11249-54. [PMID: 12970465 PMCID: PMC208743 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1534805100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Inorganic polyphosphate (poly P), chains of hundreds of phosphate residues linked by "high-energy" bonds as in ATP, has been conserved from prebiotic times in all cells. Poly P is essential for a wide variety of functions in bacteria, including virulence in pathogens. In this study, we observe the unique and many-fold stimulation by poly P in vitro of the protein kinase mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin). To explore the role of poly P in mammalian cells, a yeast polyphosphatase, PPX1, was inserted into the chromosomes of MCF-7 mammary cancer cells. The transfected cells are markedly deficient in their response to mitogens, such as insulin and amino acids, as seen in their failure to activate mTOR to phosphorylate one of its substrates, PHAS-I (the initiation factor 4E-binding protein). In addition, the transfected cells are severely reduced in their growth in a serum-free medium. On the basis of these findings, we suggest that poly P (and/or PPX1) serves as a regulatory factor in the activation of mTOR in the proliferative signaling pathways of animal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Wang
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5174, USA
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48
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Sjögren H, Meis-Kindblom JM, Orndal C, Bergh P, Ptaszynski K, Aman P, Kindblom LG, Stenman G. Studies on the molecular pathogenesis of extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma-cytogenetic, molecular genetic, and cDNA microarray analyses. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2003; 162:781-92. [PMID: 12598313 PMCID: PMC1868116 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9440(10)63875-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcomas (EMCs) are characterized by recurrent chromosome translocations resulting in fusions of the nuclear receptor TEC to various NH(2)-terminal partners. Here we describe the phenotypic, cytogenetic, and molecular genetic characteristics of a series of 10 EMCs. Using spectral karyotyping and fluorescence in situ hybridization, clonal chromosome abnormalities were detected in all but one tumor. A t(9;22)(q22;q12) translocation was found in three cases; a del(22)(q12-13)in one case; and variant translocations, including t(9;17)(q22;q11-12), t(7;9;17)(q32;q22;q11), and t(9;15)(q22;q21), were detected in one case each. Recurrent, secondary abnormalities, including trisomy 1q, 7, 8, 12, and 19, were found in seven tumors. All tumors contained translocation-generated or cryptic gene fusions, including EWS-TEC (five cases, of which one was a novel fusion), TAF2N-TEC (four cases), and TCF12-TEC (one case). cDNA microarray analysis of the gene expression patterns of two EMCs and a myxoid liposarcoma reference tumor revealed a remarkably distinct and uniform expression profile in both EMCs despite the fact that they had different histologies and expressed different fusion transcripts. The most differentially expressed gene in both tumors was CHI3L1, which encodes a secreted glycoprotein (YKL-40) previously implicated in various pathological conditions of extracellular matrix degradation as well as in cancer. Our findings suggests that EMC exhibits a tumor-specific gene expression profile, including overexpression of several cancer-related genes as well as genes implicated in chondrogenesis and neural-neuroendocrine differentiation, thus distinguishing it from other soft tissue sarcomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helene Sjögren
- Department of Pathology, Lundberg Laboratory for Cancer Research, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden
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49
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Lombardi D, Mileo AM. Protein interactions provide new insight into Nm23/nucleoside diphosphate kinase functions. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2003; 35:67-71. [PMID: 12848343 DOI: 10.1023/a:1023445907439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Nm23-NDPKs besides contributing to the maintenance of the cellular nucleoside triphosphate pool, exert regulatory properties in a variety of cellular events including proliferation, invasiveness, development, differentiation, and gene regulation. This review focuses on recently discovered protein-protein interactions involving the Nm23 proteins. The findings herein summarized provide new and intriguing suggestions for a more extensive understanding of the biological functions of the Nm23 proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Lombardi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
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