1
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Wang Z. Role of transforming growth factor-β in airway remodelling in bronchiolitis obliterans. Growth Factors 2023; 41:192-209. [PMID: 37487145 DOI: 10.1080/08977194.2023.2239356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Airway remodelling is the main pathological mechanism of bronchiolitis obliterans (BO). Several studies have found that transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) expression is increased in BO during airway remodelling, where it plays an important role in various biological processes by binding to its receptor complex to activate multiple signalling proteins and pathways. This review examines the role of TGF-β in airway remodelling in BO and its potential as a therapeutic target, highlighting the mechanisms of TGF-β activation and signalling, cellular targets of TGF-β actions, and research progress in TGF-β signalling and TGF-β-mediated processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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2
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Wang L, Qiao C, Cao L, Cai S, Ma X, Song X, Jiang Q, Huang C, Wang J. Significance of HOXD transcription factors family in progression, migration and angiogenesis of cancer. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2022; 179:103809. [PMID: 36108961 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2022.103809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factors (TFs) of the HOX family play significant roles during early embryonic development and cellular processes. They also play a key role in tumorigenesis as tumor oncogenes or suppressors. Furthermore, TFs of the HOXD geFIne cluster affect proliferation, migration, and invasion of tumors. Consequently, dysregulated activity of HOXD TFs has been linked to clinicopathological characteristics of cancer. HOXD TFs are regulated by non-coding RNAs and methylation of DNA on promoter and enhancer regions. In addition, HOXD genes modulate the biological function of cancer cells via the MEK and AKT signaling pathways, thus, making HOXD TFs, a suitable molecular marker for cancer prognosis and therapy. In this review, we summarized the roles of HOXD TFs in different cancers and highlighted its potential as a diagnostic and therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lumin Wang
- Gastroenterology department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China; Institute of precision medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Chenyang Qiao
- Gastroenterology department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Li Cao
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Shuang Cai
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Xiaoping Ma
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Xinqiu Song
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Medical College of Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Qiuyu Jiang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Chen Huang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China.
| | - Jinhai Wang
- Gastroenterology department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China; Institute of precision medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China.
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3
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Molecular implications of HOX genes targeting multiple signaling pathways in cancer. Cell Biol Toxicol 2021; 38:1-30. [PMID: 34617205 PMCID: PMC8789642 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-021-09657-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Homeobox (HOX) genes encode highly conserved homeotic transcription factors that play a crucial role in organogenesis and tissue homeostasis. Their deregulation impacts the function of several regulatory molecules contributing to tumor initiation and progression. A functional bridge exists between altered gene expression of individual HOX genes and tumorigenesis. This review focuses on how deregulation in the HOX-associated signaling pathways contributes to the metastatic progression in cancer. We discuss their functional significance, clinical implications and ascertain their role as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in the various cancer types. Besides, the mechanism of understanding the theoretical underpinning that affects HOX-mediated therapy resistance in cancers has been outlined. The knowledge gained shall pave the way for newer insights into the treatment of cancer.
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4
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Pan X, Liu W, Chai Y, Wang J, Zhang Y. Genetic and Clinical Characterization of HOXB2 in Glioma. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:10465-10473. [PMID: 33116626 PMCID: PMC7569082 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s268635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glioma is a highly aggressive and heterogeneous cancer with poor survival rates. Homeobox (HOX) genes are transcription factors that play pivotal roles in many aspects of cellular physiology, embryonic development, and tissue homeostasis. Mutations in HOX genes can lead to increased cancer predisposition. Abnormal expression of HOXB2 may result in the development and progression of tumors. However, its prognostic value and mechanism of dysregulation remain unclear. Methods The present study included 1001 glioma patients. The correlations between the expression of HOXB2 and subgroups of glioma were investigated by t-test analyses. The prognostic value of HOXB2 was explored by Kaplan–Meier analysis as well as univariate and multivariate Cox analyses. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment were employed to detect the biological function of HOXB2 in glioma. CCK-8 and transwell assays were performed to determine the role of HOXB2 in cell proliferation and invasion. Results HOXB2 was positively correlated with tumor grade and enriched in patients with isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 wild-type and age >41 years. HOXB2 was identified as an independent prognostic biomarker in glioma patients. HOXB2 was associated with cell invasion and promoted the proliferation of glioma cells in vitro. Conclusion HOXB2 is an independent prognostic factor and contributes to tumor invasion in glioma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Pan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yuquan Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100040, People's Republic of China.,School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yuquan Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100040, People's Republic of China.,School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Chai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yuquan Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100040, People's Republic of China.,School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, People's Republic of China
| | - Junhua Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yuquan Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100040, People's Republic of China.,School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqi Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yuquan Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100040, People's Republic of China.,School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, People's Republic of China
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5
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Liu M, Xiao Y, Tang W, Li J, Hong L, Dai W, Zhang W, Peng Y, Wu X, Wang J, Chen Y, Bai Y, Lin J, Yang Q, Wang Y, Lin Z, Liu S, Xiong J, Wang J, Xiang L. HOXD9 promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastasis in colorectal carcinoma. Cancer Med 2020; 9:3932-3943. [PMID: 32281284 PMCID: PMC7286477 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background HOXD9, a Hox family member, is involved in cancer growth and metastasis. But, its regulation mechanism at the molecular level particularly in colorectal cancer (CRC), is mostly unknown. Methods The HOXD9 protein expression levels were analyzed using immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry (IHC) assays, and western blot. The in vivo and in vitro roles of HOXD9 in CRC were determined using colony formation and EdU incorporation, CCK‐8, wound scratch and transwell invasion assay, and animal models. Results Expression of HOXD9 was higher in CRC than in matched healthy tissues. High expression of HOXD9 has significantly associated with the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stages, tumor differentiation, lymph node metastasis, and other serious invasions, and it had a poor prognosis. In vitro, HOXD9 encouraged proliferation, movement and EMT processes in cells of CRC. Also, TGF‐β1 promoted the expression of HOXD9 and this effect was dependent on the dose and downregulation of HOXD9 repressed TGF‐β1 ‐induced EMT. In vivo, HOXD9 promoted the invasive and metastasis of CRC cells via orthotopic implantation. Conclusions The ectopic expression of HOXD9 promoted the invasion metastasis in cells of the colorectal tumor by induction of EMT in vitro and vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengwei Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yizhi Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weimei Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaying Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linjie Hong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiyu Dai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First people's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Medical School of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Ying Peng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaosheng Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaying Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Bai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianjiao Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Longgang District Peopl, Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qiong Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,The Second Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Yusi Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhizhao Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Side Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Longgang District Peopl, Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jing Xiong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jide Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Longgang District Peopl, Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Li Xiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Longgang District Peopl, Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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6
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Wang W, Xing H, Huang C, Pan H, Li D. Identification of pancreatic cancer type related factors by Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis. Med Oncol 2020; 37:33. [PMID: 32200436 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-020-1339-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to identify the core modules associated with pancreatic cancer (PC) types and the ncRNAs and transcription factors (TFs) that regulate core module genes by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). WGCNA was used to analyze the union of genes related to PC in NCBI and OMIM databases and the differentially expressed genes screened by TCGA-PAAD database. Samples were clustered according to gene expression in gene modules and Fisher exact method was performed. GO and KEGG were used for enrichment analysis to visually display module genes and screen driver genes. Hypergeometric test method was used to calculate pivot nodes among ncRNAs, TFs and mRNA based on RAID 2.0 and TRRUST v2 databases. The blue and yellow modules were identified as the core modules associated with PC types. MST1R, TMPRSS, MIR198, SULF1, COL1A1 and FAP were the core genes in the modules. Hypergeometric test results showed that ANCR, miR-3134, MT1DP, LOC154449, LOC28329 and other ncRNAs were key factors driving blue module genes, while LINC-ROR, UCA1, SNORD114-4, HEIH, SNORD114-6 and other ncRNAs were key factors driving yellow module genes. TFs with significant regulatory effect on blue module included LCOR, PIAS4, ZEB1, SNAI2, SMARCA4, etc. and on yellow module included HOXC6, PER2, HOXD3, TWIST2, VHL, etc. The core modules associated with PC types were proved as yellow and blue modules, and important ncRNAs and TFs regulating yellow and blue modules were found. This study provides relevant evidence for further identification of PC types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 3# Eastern Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Haibo Xing
- Department of ICU, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Xiasha Campus, 368# Xiasha Road, Hangzhou, 310019, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Changxin Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hangzhou Normal University Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Pan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Xiasha Campus, 368# Xiasha Road, Hangzhou, 310019, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Da Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 3# Eastern Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
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Yu M, Zhan J, Zhang H. HOX family transcription factors: Related signaling pathways and post-translational modifications in cancer. Cell Signal 2019; 66:109469. [PMID: 31733300 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2019.109469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
HOX family transcription factors belong to a highly conserved subgroup of the homeobox superfamily that determines cellular fates in embryonic morphogenesis and the maintenance of adult tissue architecture. HOX family transcription factors play key roles in numerous cellular processes including cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, motility, and angiogenesis. As tumor promoters or suppressors HOX family members have been reported to be closely related with a variety of cancers. They closely regulate tumor initiation and growth, invasion and metastasis, angiogenesis, anti-cancer drug resistance and stem cell origin. Here, we firstly described the pivotal roles of HOX transcription factors in tumorigenesis. Then, we summarized the main signaling pathways regulated by HOX transcription factors, including Wnt/β-catenin, transforming growth factor β, mitogen-activated protein kinase, phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt, and nuclear factor-κB signalings. Finally, we outlined the important post-translational modifications of HOX transcription factors and their regulation in cancers. Future research directions on the HOX transcription factors are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Yu
- Peking University Health Science Center, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jun Zhan
- Peking University Health Science Center, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Hongquan Zhang
- Peking University Health Science Center, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Beijing 100191, China.
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8
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Li L, Zhang X, Liu Q, Yin H, Diao Y, Zhang Z, Wang Y, Gao Y, Ren X, Li J, Cui D, Lu Y, Liu H. Emerging role of HOX genes and their related long noncoding RNAs in lung cancer. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2019; 139:1-6. [PMID: 31112877 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2019.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor homeobox (Hox) proteins are the master regulator for the embryonic development. Studies have identified new functions for HOX in the regulation of metabolism and other primary cellular processes in humans. Their dysregulation has been observed in a variety of cancers and accumulating evidence has revealed the crucial role of HOX in cancer progression, metastasis, and resistance to therapy. HOX-related long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) became the most attracting lncRNAs recently that play critical role in gene regulation and chromatin dynamics in cancers. In this review, we explore the roles of HOX and their related lncRNAs in lung cancer, indicating HOX genes as potential therapeutic targets in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianlian Li
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250062, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250062, Shandong, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250062, Shandong, China; School of Life Science, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, Shandong, China
| | - Haipeng Yin
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250062, Shandong, China
| | - Yutao Diao
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250062, Shandong, China
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250062, Shandong, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250062, Shandong, China
| | - Yan Gao
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250062, Shandong, China
| | - Xia Ren
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250062, Shandong, China
| | - Juan Li
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250062, Shandong, China
| | - Dayong Cui
- School of Life Sciences, Qilu Normal University, Jinan, 250200, Shandong, China
| | - Yanqin Lu
- Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Center, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250062, Shandong, China
| | - Hongyan Liu
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250062, Shandong, China.
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9
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Yang MH, Zhao L, Wang L, Ou-Yang W, Hu SS, Li WL, Ai ML, Wang YQ, Han Y, Li TT, Ding YQ, Wang S. Nuclear lncRNA HOXD-AS1 suppresses colorectal carcinoma growth and metastasis via inhibiting HOXD3-induced integrin β3 transcriptional activating and MAPK/AKT signalling. Mol Cancer 2019; 18:31. [PMID: 30823921 PMCID: PMC6397497 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-019-0955-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been indicated to play critical roles in cancer development and progression. LncRNA HOXD cluster antisense RNA1 (HOXD-AS1) has recently been found to be dysregulated in several cancers. However, the expression levels, cellular localization, precise function and mechanism of HOXD-AS1 in colorectal carcinoma (CRC) are largely unknown. Methods Real-time PCR and in situ hybridization were used to detect the expression of HOXD-AS1 in CRC tissue samples and cell lines. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments were performed to investigate the biological roles of HOXD-AS1 in CRC cell line. RNA pull down, RNA immunoprecipitation and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays were conducted to investigate the mechanisms underlying the functions of HOXD-AS1 in CRC. Results We observed that HOXD-AS1 was located in the nucleus of CRC cells and that nuclear HOXD-AS1 was downregulated in most CRC specimens and cell lines. Lower levels of nuclear HOXD-AS1 expression were associated with poor outcomes of CRC patients. HOXD-AS1 downregulation enhanced proliferation and migration of CRC cells in vitro and facilitated CRC tumourigenesis and metastasis in vivo. Mechanistic investigations revealed that HOXD-AS1 could suppress HOXD3 transcription by recruiting PRC2 to induce the accumulation of the repressive marker H3K27me3 at the HOXD3 promoter. Subsequently, HOXD3, as a transcriptional activator, promoted Integrin β3 transcription, thereby activating the MAPK/AKT signalling pathways. Conclusion Our results reveal a previously unrecognized HOXD-AS1-HOXD3-Integrin β3 regulatory axis involving in epigenetic and transcriptional regulation constitutes to CRC carcinogenesis and progression. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12943-019-0955-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Hui Yang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.,Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Ghuangzhou, 510150, China
| | - Lan Wang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Wen Ou-Yang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhujang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Sha-Sha Hu
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Wen-Lu Li
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Mei-Ling Ai
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yi-Qing Wang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yue Han
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Ting-Ting Li
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yan-Qing Ding
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China. .,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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10
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Wang Q, Jiang S, Song A, Hou S, Wu Q, Qi L, Gao X. HOXD-AS1 functions as an oncogenic ceRNA to promote NSCLC cell progression by sequestering miR-147a. Onco Targets Ther 2017; 10:4753-4763. [PMID: 29033588 PMCID: PMC5628688 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s143787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide, and it occurs at a higher frequency in males. HOXD-AS1, an important cancer-associated long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), contributes to the development and progression of several cancers. However, the exact roles of HOXD-AS1 in NSCLC progression are still unknown. Here, we investigated the underlying mechanisms of HOXD-AS1 in human NSCLC tissues. We found that lncRNA HOXD-AS1 was specifically upregulated (P<0.001) in NSCLC tissues and promoted cancer cell growth by targeting miR-147a. Moreover, HOXD-AS1 expression positively correlated with NSCLC clinical pathologic characteristics (tumor size, P=0.006; tumor stage, P=0.044; recurrence, P=0.031) and survival rate (P=0.003). HOXD-AS1 knockdown reduced proliferation and promoted apoptosis of NSCLC cells. The dual-luciferase reporter assay showed that HOXD-AS1 could negatively regulate the expression of miR-147a. miR-147a inhibition abrogated the effect of HOXD-AS1 knockdown on the proliferation and apoptosis of NSCLC cells. Furthermore, HOXD-AS1 positively regulated the expression of pRB (a tumor suppressor protein) in NSCLC cells. Taken together, our data indicated that HOXD-AS1 might be an oncogenic lncRNA that promotes proliferation of NSCLC and could be a therapeutic target in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology.,MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing Biomedical Research Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing.,Laboratory Animal Center, Nantong University
| | - Shujun Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology.,MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing Biomedical Research Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing
| | - Anying Song
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology.,MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing Biomedical Research Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing
| | - Siyuan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology.,MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing Biomedical Research Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing
| | - Qinfeng Wu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University
| | - Longju Qi
- Interventional Therapy Department of the Third People's Hospital of Nantong City, Nantong University, Nantong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology.,MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing Biomedical Research Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing
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11
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Massafra V, Milona A, Vos HR, Burgering BMT, van Mil SWC. Quantitative liver proteomics identifies FGF19 targets that couple metabolism and proliferation. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171185. [PMID: 28178326 PMCID: PMC5298232 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) is a gut-derived peptide hormone that is produced following activation of Farnesoid X Receptor (FXR). FGF19 is secreted and signals to the liver, where it contributes to the homeostasis of bile acid (BA), lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. FGF19 is a promising therapeutic target for the metabolic syndrome and cholestatic diseases, but enthusiasm for its use has been tempered by FGF19-mediated induction of proliferation and hepatocellular carcinoma. To inform future rational design of FGF19-variants, we have conducted temporal quantitative proteomic and gene expression analyses to identify FGF19-targets related to metabolism and proliferation. Mice were fasted for 16 hours, and injected with human FGF19 (1 mg/kg body weight) or vehicle. Liver protein extracts (containing “light” lysine) were mixed 1:1 with a spike-in protein extract from 13C6-lysine metabolically labelled mouse liver (containing “heavy” lysine) and analysed by LC-MS/MS. Our analyses provide a resource of FGF19 target proteins in the liver. 189 proteins were upregulated (≥ 1.5 folds) and 73 proteins were downregulated (≤ -1.5 folds) by FGF19. FGF19 treatment decreased the expression of proteins involved in fatty acid (FA) synthesis, i.e., Fabp5, Scd1, and Acsl3 and increased the expression of Acox1, involved in FA oxidation. As expected, FGF19 increased the expression of proteins known to drive proliferation (i.e., Tgfbi, Vcam1, Anxa2 and Hdlbp). Importantly, many of the FGF19 targets (i.e., Pdk4, Apoa4, Fas and Stat3) have a dual function in both metabolism and cell proliferation. Therefore, our findings challenge the development of FGF19-variants that fully uncouple metabolic benefit from mitogenic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittoria Massafra
- Center for Molecular Medicine, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Alexandra Milona
- Center for Molecular Medicine, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Harmjan R. Vos
- Center for Molecular Medicine, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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12
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Chen F, Sun G, Peng J. RNAi-mediated HOXD3 knockdown inhibits growth in human RKO cells. Oncol Rep 2016; 36:1793-8. [PMID: 27499213 PMCID: PMC5022871 DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.4993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have shown that the multifunctional Homeobox-containing (HOX) D3 gene is involved in various physiological and pathological processes. To elucidate the role and mechanism of HOXD3 in colorectal cancer (CRC), we measured its expression in five CRC cell lines. After determining that HOXD3 was highly expressed in the human RKO cancer cell line, we used lentiviral-mediated small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) to knock down HOXD3 expression and assessed proliferation, cell cycle distribution, apoptosis and colony formation using cell proliferation, flow cytometric, and colony formation assays. The expression of HOXD3 was strongly suppressed in the RKO cells infected with the lentiviruse expressing an HOXD3 short hairpin RNA (shRNA). The downregulation of HOXD3 expression in RKO cells significantly decreased proliferation and colony formation, and increased apoptosis in vitro, compared to the cells infected with the mock control (p<0.01). Moreover, specific downregulation of HOXD3 led to the accumulation of cells at the G2 phase of the cell cycle. Our findings revealed that the HOXD3 gene promotes CRC cell growth and plays a pivotal role in the development and survival of malignant human colorectal cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangjun Chen
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Guoping Sun
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Jun Peng
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Anqing Municipal Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anqing, Anhui 246003, P.R. China
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13
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Bao L, Zhang Y, Wang J, Wang H, Dong N, Su X, Xu M, Wang X. Variations of chromosome 2 gene expressions among patients with lung cancer or non-cancer. Cell Biol Toxicol 2016; 32:419-35. [DOI: 10.1007/s10565-016-9343-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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14
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Huang T, Yang J, Cai YD. Novel candidate key drivers in the integrative network of genes, microRNAs, methylations, and copy number variations in squamous cell lung carcinoma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:358125. [PMID: 25802847 PMCID: PMC4352729 DOI: 10.1155/2015/358125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Revised: 01/06/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The mechanisms of lung cancer are highly complex. Not only mRNA gene expression but also microRNAs, DNA methylation, and copy number variation (CNV) play roles in tumorigenesis. It is difficult to incorporate so much information into a single model that can comprehensively reflect all these lung cancer mechanisms. In this study, we analyzed the 129 TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) squamous cell lung carcinoma samples with gene expression, microRNA expression, DNA methylation, and CNV data. First, we used variance inflation factor (VIF) regression to build the whole genome integrative network. Then, we isolated the lung cancer subnetwork by identifying the known lung cancer genes and their direct regulators. This subnetwork was refined by the Bayesian method, and the directed regulations among mRNA genes, microRNAs, methylations, and CNVs were obtained. The novel candidate key drivers in this refined subnetwork, such as the methylation of ARHGDIB and HOXD3, microRNA let-7a and miR-31, and the CNV of AGAP2, were identified and analyzed. On three large public available lung cancer datasets, the key drivers ARHGDIB and HOXD3 demonstrated significant associations with the overall survival of lung cancer patients. Our results provide new insights into lung cancer mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Huang
- College of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China ; Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yu-Dong Cai
- College of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
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15
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Li Y, Yang XH, Fang SJ, Qin CF, Sun RL, Liu ZY, Jiang BY, Wu X, Li G. HOXA7 stimulates human hepatocellular carcinoma proliferation through cyclin E1/CDK2. Oncol Rep 2014; 33:990-6. [PMID: 25501982 DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.3668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
HOX genes are transcription factors that control morphogenesis, organogenesis and differentiation. Increasing evidence suggests that HOX genes play a role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression; however few studies have defined the functional roles and mechanisms of action. In the present study, we used siRNA and forced-expression in multiple cell lines to define the role of HOXA7 in the regulation of proliferation of HCC in vitro and in vivo. Knockdown of endogenous HOXA7 decreased the proliferation of HepG2 and QGY-7703 cells. These changes were not associated with significant changes in cyclin D1 and CDK4. However, downregulation of HOXA7 significantly reduced cyclin E1 and CDK2 protein levels. Conversely, overexpression of HOXA7 in QSG-7701 cells stimulated proliferation and increased cyclin E1 and CDK2 protein levels. Our results confirmed that HOXA7 promoted cell proliferation, and these changes were mediated by cyclin E1/CDK2. These observations contribute to our understanding of the important roles of HOXA7 in HCC development and progression and HOXA7 could be a promising molecular target for the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuehui Li
- Tumor Immunobiology Laboratory of the Cancer Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Ministry of Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Hui Yang
- Xiangya Third Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Shu Juang Fang
- Tumor Immunobiology Laboratory of the Cancer Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Ministry of Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Chang Fei Qin
- Tumor Immunobiology Laboratory of the Cancer Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Ministry of Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Rui Li Sun
- Tumor Immunobiology Laboratory of the Cancer Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Ministry of Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Zhao Yang Liu
- Tumor Immunobiology Laboratory of the Cancer Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Ministry of Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Bin Yuan Jiang
- Tumor Immunobiology Laboratory of the Cancer Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Ministry of Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Wu
- Tumor Immunobiology Laboratory of the Cancer Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Ministry of Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Guancheng Li
- Tumor Immunobiology Laboratory of the Cancer Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Ministry of Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
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16
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Yarmishyn AA, Batagov AO, Tan JZ, Sundaram GM, Sampath P, Kuznetsov VA, Kurochkin IV. HOXD-AS1 is a novel lncRNA encoded in HOXD cluster and a marker of neuroblastoma progression revealed via integrative analysis of noncoding transcriptome. BMC Genomics 2014; 15 Suppl 9:S7. [PMID: 25522241 PMCID: PMC4290621 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-15-s9-s7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) constitute a major, but poorly characterized part of human transcriptome. Recent evidence indicates that many lncRNAs are involved in cancer and can be used as predictive and prognostic biomarkers. Significant fraction of lncRNAs is represented on widely used microarray platforms, however they have usually been ignored in cancer studies. Results We developed a computational pipeline to annotate lncRNAs on popular Affymetrix U133 microarrays, creating a resource allowing measurement of expression of 1581 lncRNAs. This resource can be utilized to interrogate existing microarray datasets for various lncRNA studies. We found that these lncRNAs fall into three distinct classes according to their statistical distribution by length. Remarkably, these three classes of lncRNAs were co-localized with protein coding genes exhibiting distinct gene ontology groups. This annotation was applied to microarray analysis which identified a 159 lncRNA signature that discriminates between localized and metastatic stages of neuroblastoma. Analysis of an independent patient cohort revealed that this signature differentiates also relapsing from non-relapsing primary tumors. This is the first example of the signature developed via the analysis of expression of lncRNAs solely. One of these lncRNAs, termed HOXD-AS1, is encoded in HOXD cluster. HOXD-AS1 is evolutionary conserved among hominids and has all bona fide features of a gene. Studying retinoid acid (RA) response of SH-SY5Y cell line, a model of human metastatic neuroblastoma, we found that HOXD-AS1 is a subject to morphogenic regulation, is activated by PI3K/Akt pathway and itself is involved in control of RA-induced cell differentiation. Knock-down experiments revealed that HOXD-AS1 controls expression levels of clinically significant protein-coding genes involved in angiogenesis and inflammation, the hallmarks of metastatic cancer. Conclusions Our findings greatly extend the number of noncoding RNAs functionally implicated in tumor development and patient treatment and highlight their role as potential prognostic biomarkers of neuroblastomas.
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17
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Chen LN, Rubin RS, Othepa E, Cer C, Yun E, Agarwal RP, Collins BT, McGeagh K, Pahira J, Bandi G, Kowalczyk K, Kumar D, Dritschilo A, Collins SP, Bostwick DG, Lynch JH, Suy S. Correlation of HOXD3 promoter hypermethylation with clinical and pathologic features in screening prostate biopsies. Prostate 2014; 74:714-21. [PMID: 24847526 PMCID: PMC4285328 DOI: 10.1002/pros.22790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Molecular markers that can discriminate indolent cancers from aggressive ones may improve the management of prostate cancer and minimize unnecessary treatment.Aberrant DNA methylation is a common epigenetic event in cancers and HOXD3 promoter hypermethylation (H3PH) has been found in prostate cancer. Our objective was to evaluate the relationship between H3PH and clinicopathologic features in screening prostate biopsies. METHODS Ninety-two patients who underwent a prostate biopsy at our institution between October 2011 and May 2012 were included in this study. The core with the greatest percentage of the highest grade disease was analyzed for H3PH by methylation-specific PCR. Correlational analysis was used to analyze the relationship between H3PH and various clinical parameters. Chi-square analysis was used to compare H3PH status between benign and malignant disease. RESULTS Of the 80 biopsies with HOXD3 methylation status assessable, 66 sets were confirmed to have cancer. In the 14 biopsies with benign disease there was minimal H3PH with the mean percentage of methylation reference (PMR) of 0.7%. In contrast, the HOXD3 promoter was hypermethylated in 16.7% of all cancers and in 50% of high risk tumors with an average PMR of 4.3% (P=0.008). H3PH was significantly correlated with age (P=0.013), Gleason score (P=0.031) and the maximum involvement of the biopsy core (P=0.035). CONCLUSIONS H3PH is associated with clinicopathologic features. The data indicate that H3PH is more common in older higher risk patients. More research is needed to determine the role of this marker in optimizing management strategies in men with newly diagnosed prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard N Chen
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Georgetown University HospitalWashington, District of Columbia
| | - Rachel S Rubin
- Department of Urology, Georgetown University HospitalWashington, District of Columbia
| | - Eugide Othepa
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Georgetown University HospitalWashington, District of Columbia
| | - Caroline Cer
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Georgetown University HospitalWashington, District of Columbia
| | - Elizabeth Yun
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Georgetown University HospitalWashington, District of Columbia
| | - Raghunath P Agarwal
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Georgetown University HospitalWashington, District of Columbia
| | - Brian T Collins
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Georgetown University HospitalWashington, District of Columbia
| | - Kevin McGeagh
- Department of Urology, Georgetown University HospitalWashington, District of Columbia
| | - John Pahira
- Department of Urology, Georgetown University HospitalWashington, District of Columbia
| | - Guarav Bandi
- Department of Urology, Georgetown University HospitalWashington, District of Columbia
| | - Keith Kowalczyk
- Department of Urology, Georgetown University HospitalWashington, District of Columbia
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Deptartment of Biological & Environmental Sciences, University of the District of ColumbiaWashington, District of Columbia
| | - Anatoly Dritschilo
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Georgetown University HospitalWashington, District of Columbia
| | - Sean P Collins
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Georgetown University HospitalWashington, District of Columbia
| | | | - John H Lynch
- Department of Urology, Georgetown University HospitalWashington, District of Columbia
| | - Simeng Suy
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Georgetown University HospitalWashington, District of Columbia
- * Simeng Suy, PhD, 3800 Reservoir Rd. NW LL Bles, Washington, DC 20007. E-mail:
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18
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Goudarzi H, Iizasa H, Furuhashi M, Nakazawa S, Nakane R, Liang S, Hida Y, Yanagihara K, Kubo T, Nakagawa K, Kobayashi M, Irimura T, Hamada JI. Enhancement of in vitro cell motility and invasiveness of human malignant pleural mesothelioma cells through the HIF-1α-MUC1 pathway. Cancer Lett 2013; 339:82-92. [PMID: 23879962 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2013.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2013] [Revised: 07/09/2013] [Accepted: 07/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we examined the effects of hypoxia on the malignancy of human malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) cell lines, and found (1) hypoxia enhanced motility and invasiveness of human malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) cells; (2) this phenomenon resulted from increased expression of sialylated MUC1 through the activation of HIF-1 pathway; (3) two HIF-binding sites located in the promoter region of MUC1 were important for MUC1 transactivation under hypoxia. These findings are useful for better understanding molecular mechanisms of aggressive behavior of MPM cells and for targeting them in the clinical therapies for MPM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houman Goudarzi
- Division of Stem Cell Biology, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15, Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0815, Japan
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19
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Abstract
Epigenetic alterations contribute significantly to the development and progression of prostate cancer, the most prevalent malignant tumor in males of Western industrialized countries. Here, we review recent research on DNA methylation alterations in this cancer type. Hypermethylation of several genes including GSTP1 is well known to occur in a consistent and apparently coordinate fashion during the transition from intraepithelial neoplasia to frank carcinoma. These hypermethylation events have shown promise as biomarkers for detection of prostate carcinoma. Many other individual genes have been shown to undergo hypermethylation, which is typically associated with diminished expression. These investigations indicate additional candidates for biomarkers; in particular, hypermethylation events associated with progression can be employed to identify more aggressive cases. In addition, some of genes silenced by aberrant methylation in prostate have been shown to exhibit properties of tumor suppressors, revealing insights into mechanisms of carcinogenesis. Whereas most studies in the past have used candidate gene approaches, new techniques allowing genome-wide screening for altered methylation are increasingly employed in prostate cancer research and have already yielded encouraging results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Goering
- Department of Urology, Heinrich Heine University, Duesseldorf, Germany
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20
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Exploring the role of miRNAs in renal cell carcinoma progression and metastasis through bioinformatic and experimental analyses. Tumour Biol 2011; 33:131-40. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-011-0255-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2011] [Accepted: 10/25/2011] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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21
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Yoshikawa K, Hamada JI, Tada M, Kameyama T, Nakagawa K, Suzuki Y, Ikawa M, Hassan NMM, Kitagawa Y, Moriuchi T. Mutant p53 R248Q but not R248W enhances in vitro invasiveness of human lung cancer NCI-H1299 cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 31:401-11. [PMID: 21187651 DOI: 10.2220/biomedres.31.401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
More than half of all human cancers are associated with mutations of the TP53 gene. In regard to the functional interaction with the remaining wild-type (WT) p53 allele, p53 mutations are classified into two types, recessive and dominant-negative (DN) mutations. The latter mutant protein has a DN activity over the remaining WT allele. We previously showed that the DN p53 mutant was useful as a predictor of poor outcome or a risk factor for metastatic recurrence in patients with some types of cancers, regardless of the presence or absence of loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of WT p53, suggesting that the DN p53 had 'gain-of-function (GOF)' activity besides the transdominance function. In this study, we investigated GOF activity of two DN p53 mutants which had a point mutation at codon 248 (R248Q and R248W), one of the hot spots, by transfecting them respectively into H1299 cells which originally expressed no p53 protein. Growth activity of the transfectants with the two mutants was not different from that of parent or Mock transfectants. Meanwhile, in vitro invasions of Matrigel and type I collagen gel by R248Q-transfectants were significantly higher than those by R248W-transfectants or the control cells. However, there were no differences in cell motile activities, expressions of extracellular matrix-degradative enzymes such as matrix metalloproteinases, urokinase-type plasminogen activator and heparanase, and their inhibitors, between R248Q- and R248W-transfectants. These findings indicate that the p53 mutants have a different quality in GOF activities even if the mutations occurred at the same codon. And detailed information of the status of p53, including transdominancy and GOF activity, is expected to be useful for diagnosis and therapeutic strategy fitting the individual patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhito Yoshikawa
- Oral Diagnosis and Oral Medicine, Department of Oral Pathological Science, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Japan
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22
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Abstract
DNA methylation in gene promoters causes gene silencing and is a common event in cancer development and progression. The ability of aberrant methylation events to serve as diagnostic and prognostic markers is being appreciated for many cancers, including prostate cancer. Using quantitative MethyLight technology, we evaluated the relationship between HOXD3 methylation and clinicopathological parameters including biochemical recurrence, pathological stage, Gleason score (GS), and Gleason pattern in a series of 232 radical prostatectomies performed between 1998 and 2001. HOXD3 methylation was significantly greater in GS 7 cancers vs GS < or = 6 cancers (P-value <0.001) as well as pT3/pT4 vs pT2 cancers (P-value <0.001). The proportion of cases with high methylation in GS 7 vs < or = GS 6 and pT3/pT4 vs pT2 were also significantly different (P-values=0.002 and 0.005, respectively). There were also significant increases in methylation from Gleason pattern 2-3 and from pattern 3 to 4/5 (paired t-test P-values=0.01 and <0.001, respectively), whereas methylation from lymph node metastases was decreased when compared with matched tumor tissue (P-value=0.029). HOXD3 methylation was associated with biochemical recurrence in univariate analysis (P-value=0.043) and showed evidence for interaction with pathological stage as a predictor variable in Cox regression analysis (P-value=0.028). The results indicate that HOXD3 methylation distinguishes low-grade prostate cancers from intermediate and high-grade ones and may also have prognostic value when considered together with pathological stage.
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23
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Lung cancer progression and metastasis from the prognostic point of view. Clin Exp Metastasis 2010; 27:389-97. [PMID: 20225084 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-010-9313-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2009] [Accepted: 02/16/2010] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in men and women worldwide. Since the occurrence of metastases in distant organs is the major reason for mortality of cancer patients, we need to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Many studies featuring analysis of gene expression, comparative genomic hybridization and loss of heterozygosity analysis have been performed and generated support for the hypothesis that metastatic potential is acquired early in tumorigenesis. Furthermore, it is now clear that the majority of tumor cells have the potential to metastasize. Although many changes in gene expression profiles have been established retrospectively, translational research is now a high priority to enable clinical application and treatment based on laboratory findings.
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Discovery of novel hypermethylated genes in prostate cancer using genomic CpG island microarrays. PLoS One 2009; 4:e4830. [PMID: 19283074 PMCID: PMC2653233 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0004830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2008] [Accepted: 02/17/2009] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Promoter and 5′ end methylation regulation of tumour suppressor genes is a common feature of many cancers. Such occurrences often lead to the silencing of these key genes and thus they may contribute to the development of cancer, including prostate cancer. Methodology/Principal Findings In order to identify methylation changes in prostate cancer, we performed a genome-wide analysis of DNA methylation using Agilent human CpG island arrays. Using computational and gene-specific validation approaches we have identified a large number of potential epigenetic biomarkers of prostate cancer. Further validation of candidate genes on a separate cohort of low and high grade prostate cancers by quantitative MethyLight analysis has allowed us to confirm DNA hypermethylation of HOXD3 and BMP7, two genes that may play a role in the development of high grade tumours. We also show that promoter hypermethylation is responsible for downregulated expression of these genes in the DU-145 PCa cell line. Conclusions/Significance This study identifies novel epigenetic biomarkers of prostate cancer and prostate cancer progression, and provides a global assessment of DNA methylation in prostate cancer.
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25
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Inamura K, Togashi Y, Okui M, Ninomiya H, Hiramatsu M, Satoh Y, Okumura S, Nakagawa K, Shimoji T, Noda T, Ishikawa Y. HOXB2 as a Novel Prognostic Indicator for Stage I Lung Adenocarcinomas. J Thorac Oncol 2007; 2:802-7. [PMID: 17805056 DOI: 10.1097/jto.0b013e3181461987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Outcomes of patients with lung adenocarcinomas can be predicted to some extent from the pathologic stage (p-stage). Although all attempts are made to fully remove cancer lesions, still a number of p-stage I patients without metastatic disease at the time of surgery develop recurrences and die of cancer. It is thus very important to identify p-stage I patients who are at risk of recurrence. METHODS Previously, using microdissected samples, we identified metastasis-related genes. Using real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction analysis, we investigated the transcriptional levels of the top metastasis-related genes using 96 independent test lung adenocarcinoma samples and investigated their correlations with the prognosis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS We document evidence that p-stage I patients with HOXB2 up-regulation have a worse prognosis than those with HOXB2 down-regulation (p = 0.0065), whereas the HOXB2 status has no prognostic significance for p-stage II-IV patients. Comparing tumors and corresponding normal lung tissue, we confirmed HOXB2 up-regulated lesions to have much higher HOXB2 expression than the corresponding normal tissue. Confirmation with a larger number of samples is needed, with further research to clarify the molecular functions of HOXB2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Inamura
- Department of Pathology, The Cancer Institute, The Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
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26
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Inamura K, Shimoji T, Ninomiya H, Hiramatsu M, Okui M, Satoh Y, Okumura S, Nakagawa K, Noda T, Fukayama M, Ishikawa Y. A metastatic signature in entire lung adenocarcinomas irrespective of morphological heterogeneity. Hum Pathol 2007; 38:702-9. [PMID: 17376511 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2006.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2006] [Revised: 11/21/2006] [Accepted: 11/22/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Recent microarray expression studies support the hypothesis that metastatic potential is acquired early in tumorigenesis and that most tumor cells have the potential to metastasize. To assess this possibility, we investigated invasive lung adenocarcinomas, which characteristically display morphological heterogeneity with a less malignant appearance at the periphery as a model. In lymph node-positive lesions, gene expression profiles were compared among moderately differentiated components with an aggressive appearance, peripheral well-differentiated components with a less malignant appearance, and patient-matched lymph node metastases. We also compared these with node-negative lung adenocarcinomas, which are morphologically indistinguishable from node-positive tumors. Striking similarities were observed between pairs of primary and metastatic tumors, even within primary well-differentiated components. We generated a 75-gene signature separating primary lung adenocarcinomas according to lymph node status. Hierarchical clustering using this gene set identified a distinct independent group composed of node-positive cases, clearly separate from node-negative tumors and normal lung tissue. The results suggest that the metastatic signature is maintained throughout progression, implying that the entirety of a primary tumor, including the morphologically less malignant components, might have metastatic potential. This finding has profound clinical implications. In the future, the metastatic potential of tumors may be predicted by biopsy, helping to avoid unnecessary lymph node dissection in low-risk patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Inamura
- Department of Pathology, The Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research (JFCR), Koto-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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27
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Ohta H, Hamada JI, Tada M, Aoyama T, Furuuchi K, Takahashi Y, Totsuka Y, Moriuchi T. HOXD3-overexpression increases integrin αvβ3 expression and deprives E-cadherin while it enhances cell motility in A549 cells. Clin Exp Metastasis 2006; 23:381-90. [PMID: 17187229 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-006-9047-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2005] [Accepted: 11/12/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
We have previously shown that transduction of HOXD3, one of homeobox genes, into human lung cancer A549 cells enhances cell motility, invasion and metastasis. In the present study, we examined the roles of integrin beta3 which was up-regulated by HOXD3-overexpression in the HOXD3-induced motility of A549 cells. We first established integrin beta3-transfectants and compared their motile activity to those of the HOXD3-transfected, control-transfected and parental cells by three different assays. The integrin beta3-transfectants as well as the HOXD3-transfectants formed heterodimer with integrin alphav subunit, and showed highly motile activities assessed by haptotaxis or phagokinetic track assay compared to the control transfectants or parental cells. In vitro wound-healing assay revealed that migratory activities were graded as the HOXD3-transfectants > the integrin beta3-transfectants > the control transfectants or parental cells. E-cadherin was expressed in the integrin beta3-transfectants but not expressed in the HOXD3-transfectants. An addition of function-blocking antibody to E-cadherin into the wound-healing assay promoted the migratory activity of the integrin beta3-transfectants, suggesting that E-cadherin prevented the cells from dissociating from the wound edges. These results indicate that increased expression of integrin alphav beta3 and loss of E-cadherin by HOXD3-overexpression are responsible for the enhanced motility and dissociation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironori Ohta
- Division of Cancer-Related Genes, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15, Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0815, Japan
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28
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Cao JG, Peng SP, Sun L, Li H, Wang L, Deng HW. Vascular basement membrane-derived multifunctional peptide, a novel inhibitor of angiogenesis and tumor growth. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2006; 38:514-21. [PMID: 16820868 DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-7270.2006.00183.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular basement membrane-derived multifunctional peptide (VBMDMP) gene (fusion gene of the human immunoglobulin G3 upper hinge region and two tumstatin-derived fragments) obtained by chemical synthesis was cloned into vector pUC19, and introduced into the expression vector pGEX-4T-1 to construct a prokaryotic expression vector pGEX-4T-1-VBMDMP. Recombinant VBMDMP produced in Escherichia coli has been shown to have significant activity of antitumor growth and antimetastasis in Lewis lung carcinoma transplanted into mouse C57Bl/6. In the present study, we have studied the ability of rVBMDMP to inhibit endothelial cell tube formation and proliferation, to induce apoptosis in vitro, and to suppress tumor growth in vivo. The experimental results showed that rVBMDMP potently inhibited proliferation of human endothelial (HUVEC-12) cells and human colon cancer (SW480) cells in vitro, with no inhibition of proliferation in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO-K1) cells. rVBMDMP also significantly inhibited human endothelial cell tube formation and suppressed tumor growth of SW480 cells in a mouse xenograft model. These results suggest that rVBMDMP is a powerful therapeutic agent for suppressing angiogenesis and tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Guo Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China.
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29
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Carrio M, Arderiu G, Myers C, Boudreau NJ. Homeobox D10 Induces Phenotypic Reversion of Breast Tumor Cells in a Three-Dimensional Culture Model. Cancer Res 2005; 65:7177-85. [PMID: 16103068 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-04-1717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Homeobox (Hox) genes are master regulatory genes that direct organogenesis and maintain differentiated tissue function. We previously reported that HoxD10 helps to maintain a quiescent, differentiated phenotype in endothelial cells by suppressing expression of genes involved in remodeling the extracellular matrix and cell migration. Here we investigated whether HoxD10 could also promote or maintain a differentiated phenotype in epithelial cells. We observed that HoxD10 expression is progressively reduced in epithelial cells as malignancy increases in both breast and endometrial tumors. Retroviral gene transfer to restore expression of HoxD10 in the malignant breast tumor cells MDA-MB-231 significantly impaired migration, and when these cells were cultured in a three-dimensional laminin-rich basement membrane (3DlrBM) model, they formed polarized, acinar structures. This phenotypic reversion was accompanied by decreased alpha3 integrin expression and reduced proliferation. Importantly, expression of HoxD10 in the MDA-MB-231 cells inhibited their ability to form tumors in mouse xenografts. Taken together, our results suggest that HoxD10 has tumor-suppressive functions for mammary epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meritxell Carrio
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, USA
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30
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Ferrell CM, Dorsam ST, Ohta H, Humphries RK, Derynck MK, Haqq C, Largman C, Lawrence HJ. Activation of Stem-Cell Specific Genes by HOXA9 and HOXA10 Homeodomain Proteins in CD34+Human Cord Blood Cells. Stem Cells 2005; 23:644-55. [PMID: 15849172 DOI: 10.1634/stemcells.2004-0198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
There is growing evidence for a role of HOX homeodomain proteins in normal hematopoiesis. Several HOX genes, including HOXA9 and HOXA10, are expressed in primitive hematopoietic cells, implying a role in early hematopoietic differentiation. To identify potential target genes of these two closely related transcription factors, human CD34+ umbilical cord blood cells were transduced with vectors expressing either HOXA9 or HOXA10 and analyzed with cDNA micro-arrays. Statistical analysis using significance analysis of microarrays revealed a common signature of several hundred genes, demonstrating that the transcriptomes of HOXA9 and HOXA10 largely overlap in this cellular context. Seven genes that were upregulated by both HOX proteins were validated by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. HOXA9 and HOXA10 showed positive regulation of genes in the Wnt pathway, including Wnt10B and two Wnt receptors Frizzled 1 and Frizzled 5, an important pathway for hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) self-renewal. Other validated genes included v-ets-related gene (ERG), Iroquois 3 (IRX3), aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1), and very long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase homolog 1 (VLCS-H1). GenMAPP (Gene Micro Array Pathway Profiler) analysis indicated that HOXA10 repressed expression of several genes involved in heme biosynthesis and three globin genes, indicating a general suppression of erythroid differentiation. A number of genes regulated by HOXA9 and HOXA10 are expressed in normal HSC populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina M Ferrell
- Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
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31
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Maeda K, Hamada JI, Takahashi Y, Tada M, Yamamoto Y, Sugihara T, Moriuchi T. Altered expressions of HOX genes in human cutaneous malignant melanoma. Int J Cancer 2005; 114:436-41. [PMID: 15551325 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.20706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
HOX genes act as master genes to control morphogenesis. In human, HOX genes form 4 clusters composing 9 to 11 HOX genes (39 genes in total) on different chromosomes. We hypothesized that aberrant expression of HOX genes was associated with development and subsequent progression of melanoma and that the 39 HOX gene expression pattern determined the sites where melanoma grew. The expression levels of 39 HOX genes in 15 human cutaneous melanoma specimens and 7 nevus pigmentosus specimens were quantified by a comprehensive analysis system based on the real-time RT-PCR method. We found that the expression levels of HOXA11, A13, B9, D12 and D13 in melanoma were higher than those in nevus pigmentosus and that the expression levels of HOXA11, B2 and C13 were significantly different between pT4 melanoma and pT1 to pT3 melanoma. It was most notable that the expression levels of HOXA1, A2, C4 and B13 in melanoma with distant metastasis were higher than those in melanoma without it. On the other hand, we found no relationship between HOX genes expression patterns and the growing sites of melanoma. These results indicated that the misexpressions of some specific HOX genes were implicated in melanoma genesis and metastasis but had no linkage with melanoma sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiko Maeda
- Division of Cancer-Related Genes, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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32
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Huang CL, Liu D, Masuya D, Kameyama K, Nakashima T, Yokomise H, Ueno M, Miyake M. MRP-1/CD9 gene transduction downregulates Wnt signal pathways. Oncogene 2004; 23:7475-83. [PMID: 15334057 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1208063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Motility-related protein-1 (MRP-1/CD9) is a transmembrane glycoprotein that has been implicated in cell adhesion, motility, proliferation, and differentiation. It has a functional role as a tumor metastatic suppressor. During tumor progression, a reduction of MRP-1/CD9 gene expression results in tumor cells with a high metastatic potential. However, the mechanism of action of MRP-1/CD9 is still unclear. We studied changes of gene expression in relation to MRP-1/CD9 gene transduction into tumor cell lines, HT1080 and A549, using microarray assays and real-time PCR. Consequently, we have demonstrated that MRP-1/CD9 gene transduction can downregulate expression of several Wnt family genes, such as Wnt1, Wnt2b1 and Wnt5a, and their target genes, including WISP-1 (Wnt-1 induced secreted protein 1), WISP-3, c-Myc, vascular endothelial growth factor-A, and matrix metalloproteinase-26. Western blot analyses also showed that MRP-1/CD9 gene transduction downregulated expression of Wnt1 protein and its target proteins. In addition, a neutralizing anti-MRP-1/CD9 monoclonal antibody inhibited the downregulation of Wnt signal pathways in MRP-1/CD9-transfected cells. The present study has revealed that the MRP-1/CD9 signal is located upstream of the Wnt signal pathways. Therefore, MRP-1/CD9 could suppress cell transformation including epithelial to mesenchymal transition through downregulation of Wnt1, and might suppress tumor metastasis through downregulation of Wnt5a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-long Huang
- The Second Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, 1750-1, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, 761-0793, Japan.
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33
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Takahashi Y, Hamada JI, Murakawa K, Takada M, Tada M, Nogami I, Hayashi N, Nakamori S, Monden M, Miyamoto M, Katoh H, Moriuchi T. Expression profiles of 39 HOX genes in normal human adult organs and anaplastic thyroid cancer cell lines by quantitative real-time RT-PCR system. Exp Cell Res 2004; 293:144-53. [PMID: 14729064 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2003.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
HOX genes are well known as master control genes in embryonic morphogenesis. We hypothesized that HOX genes give cells spatial information to maintain tissue- or organ-specificity in adult body and that the deregulated expression of HOX genes results in tumor development. We established a comprehensive analysis system to quantify expression of 39 human HOX genes based on the real-time reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) method. Analysis of 39 HOX genes of 20 normal adult organs by this system revealed that 5' HOX genes were expressed in organs in the caudal parts of the body, and that the more caudal regions the more numbers of HOX genes were expressed. It was also found that the expression patterns of HOX genes were more similar in the adjacent genes on the same cluster rather than in those belonging to the same paralogs. Compared with normal thyroid tissues, thyroid cancer cell lines showed the altered expression of some HOX genes, especially Abd-B homeobox family genes. Our results showed that HOX genes were organ-specifically expressed in adult body and that the deregulated expressions of Abd-B family genes were implicated in thyroid tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Takahashi
- Division of Cancer-Related Genes, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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Dorsam ST, Ferrell CM, Dorsam GP, Derynck MK, Vijapurkar U, Khodabakhsh D, Pau B, Bernstein H, Haqq CM, Largman C, Lawrence HJ. The transcriptome of the leukemogenic homeoprotein HOXA9 in human hematopoietic cells. Blood 2003; 103:1676-84. [PMID: 14604967 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2003-07-2202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic defects in HOXA9(-/-) mice demonstrate a key role for this homeoprotein in blood cell development. Conversely, enforced HOXA9 expression is leukemogenic in mice, and HOXA9 is frequently activated in human acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Although HOXA9 is thought to function as a transcription factor, few downstream targets have been identified. We searched for early HOXA9 target genes by using a transient overexpression strategy in 3 hematopoietic cell lines (2 myeloid, 1 lymphoid). cDNA microarray analyses identified 220 genes whose expression was modulated at least 2-fold. Expression signatures in myeloid and lymphoid cells demonstrated that HOXA9 functions as both an activator and repressor of a variety of genes in cell-specific patterns suggesting that the transcriptional effects of HOXA9 are largely dependent on the cell context. Transient transcription assays and target gene expression patterns in HOXA9(-/-) marrow cells imply that we have identified direct physiologic targets. Many target genes are expressed in CD34+ stem cells or are members of gene families involved in proliferation or myeloid differentiation. Expression of 14 HOXA9 target genes correlated with high-level HOXA9 expression in primary AML. These data suggest that many genes identified in this survey may mediate the biologic effects of HOXA9 in normal and leukemic hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheri Tinnell Dorsam
- Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
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