1
|
Hu Q, Tang Z, Lynch A, Freeman B, Fujioka N, Salloum RG, Malaty J, Orlando FA, Langaee T, Huo Z, Xing C. One-Week Kava Dietary Supplementation Increases Both Urinary N- and O-Glucuronides of NNAL, a Lung Carcinogen Major Metabolite, among Smokers. Chem Res Toxicol 2024. [PMID: 39001862 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.4c00109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
4-(Methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (commonly known as NNK) is one of the most prevalent and potent pulmonary carcinogens in tobacco products that increases the human lung cancer risk. Kava has the potential to reduce NNK and tobacco smoke-induced lung cancer risk by enhancing urinary excretion of 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL, the major metabolite of NNK) and thus reducing NNK-induced DNA damage. In this study, we quantified N-glucuronidated NNAL (NNAL-N-gluc), O-glucuronidated NNAL (NNAL-O-gluc), and free NNAL in the urine samples collected before and after 1-week kava dietary supplementation. The results showed that kava increased both NNAL-N-glucuronidation and O-glucuronidation. Since NNAL-N-glucuronidation is dominantly catalyzed by UGT2B10, its representative single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were analyzed among the clinical trial participants. Individuals with any of the four analyzed SNPs appear to have a reduced basal capacity in NNAL-N-glucuronidation. Among these individuals, kava also resulted in a smaller extent of increases in NNAL-N-glucuronidation, suggesting that participants with those UGT2B10 SNPs may not benefit as much from kava with respect to enhancing NNAL-N-glucuronidation. In summary, our results provide further evidence that kava enhances NNAL urinary detoxification via an increase in both N-glucuronidation and O-glucuronidation. UGT2B10 genetic status has not only the potential to predict the basal capacity of the participants in NNAL-N-glucuronidation but also potentially the extent of kava benefits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Hu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Zhixin Tang
- Department of Biostatistics, Colleges of Public Health & Health Professions and Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Allison Lynch
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Breanne Freeman
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Naomi Fujioka
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Ramzi G Salloum
- Department of Health Outcomes & Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - John Malaty
- Department of Community Health & Family Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Frank A Orlando
- Department of Community Health & Family Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Taimour Langaee
- Center for Pharmacogenomics and Precision Medicine, Department of Pharmacotherapy & Translational Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Zhiguang Huo
- Department of Biostatistics, Colleges of Public Health & Health Professions and Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Chengguo Xing
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chowdhury R, Bhuia MS, Wilairatana P, Afroz M, Hasan R, Ferdous J, Rakib AI, Sheikh S, Mubarak MS, Islam MT. An insight into the anticancer potentials of lignan arctiin: A comprehensive review of molecular mechanisms. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32899. [PMID: 38988539 PMCID: PMC11234030 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Natural products are being developed as possible treatment options due to the rising prevalence of cancer and the harmful side effects of synthetic medications. Arctiin is a naturally occurring lignan found in numerous plants and exhibits different pharmacological activities, along with cancer. To elucidate the anticancer properties and underlying mechanisms of action, a comprehensive search of various electronic databases was conducted using appropriate keywords to identify relevant publications. The findings suggest that arctiin exhibits anticancer properties against tumor formation and various cancers such as cervical, myeloma, prostate, endothelial, gastric, and colon cancers in several preclinical pharmacological investigations. This naturally occurring compound exerts its anticancer effect through different cellular mechanisms, including mitochondrial dysfunction, cell cycle at different phases (G2/M), inhibition of cell proliferation, apoptotic cell death, and cytotoxic effects, as well as inhibition of migration and invasion of various malignant cells. Moreover, the study also revealed that, among the various cellular pathways, arctiin was shown to be more potent in terms of the PI3K/AKT and JAK/STAT signaling pathways. However, pharmacokinetic investigation indicated the compound's poor oral bioavailability. Because of these findings, arctiin might be considered a promising chemotherapeutic drug candidate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raihan Chowdhury
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
- Phytochemistry and Biodiversity Research Laboratory, BioLuster Research Center, Gopalganj 8100, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Shimul Bhuia
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
- Phytochemistry and Biodiversity Research Laboratory, BioLuster Research Center, Gopalganj 8100, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Polrat Wilairatana
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Meher Afroz
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
- Phytochemistry and Biodiversity Research Laboratory, BioLuster Research Center, Gopalganj 8100, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Rubel Hasan
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
- Phytochemistry and Biodiversity Research Laboratory, BioLuster Research Center, Gopalganj 8100, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Jannatul Ferdous
- Phytochemistry and Biodiversity Research Laboratory, BioLuster Research Center, Gopalganj 8100, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Asraful Islam Rakib
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
- Phytochemistry and Biodiversity Research Laboratory, BioLuster Research Center, Gopalganj 8100, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Salehin Sheikh
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
- Phytochemistry and Biodiversity Research Laboratory, BioLuster Research Center, Gopalganj 8100, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Muhammad Torequl Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
- Phytochemistry and Biodiversity Research Laboratory, BioLuster Research Center, Gopalganj 8100, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Pharmacy Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhou B, Wang L, Ren Z, Liang Y, Yang S, Zhang Y, Che S, Fang W. Pyrogallol promotes growth arrest by activating the p53-mediated up-regulation of p21 and p62/SQSTM1-dependent degradation of β-catenin in nonsmall cell lung cancer cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:2150-2165. [PMID: 38108618 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Pyrogallol (1,2,3-trihydroxybenzene), a polyphenolic natural compound, has attracted considerable attention with regard to its potential anticancer activity. However, further study is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanism related to the antiNSCLC activity of pyrogallol and provide a comprehensive theoretical basis for better clinical utilization of pyrogallol. Our current study aims to investigate the effects and potential underlying mechanisms of pyrogallol on the inhibition of NSCLC growth. Our results showed that pyrogallol treatment induced cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and apoptosis in two different NSCLC cell lines. Mechanistically, we found that the induction of cell cycle arrest in NSCLC cells at the G2/M phase by pyrogallol was due to the upregulation of p21 in a p53-dependent manner. And blockade of p53 and p21 effectively abolished the cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase. Meanwhile, p53 inhibition has been found to abrogate the pyrogallol-induced apoptosis of the two NSCLC cells. Moreover, we revealed that the inhibitory effects of pyrogallol on β-catenin signaling resulted from autophagy initiation depending on p53 activation, accompanied by an increase in p62/SQSTM1 expression, thus p62 subsequently interacting with ubiquitinated β-catenin and facilitating autophagic destruction of β-catenin. Furthermore, in vivo experiments demonstrated that pyrogallol exerted growth inhibition on NSCLC with low toxicity through the same molecular mechanism as observed in vitro. Our findings could contribute to the understanding of the mechanism by which pyrogallol negatively regulates NSCLC growth, which could be effective in treating NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beixian Zhou
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- The People's Hospital of Gaozhou, Gaozhou, China
| | - Linxin Wang
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhixian Ren
- School of Chinese Materia Medica and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicine Utilization, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Yueyun Liang
- The People's Hospital of Gaozhou, Gaozhou, China
| | - Sushan Yang
- The People's Hospital of Gaozhou, Gaozhou, China
| | - Yuehan Zhang
- The People's Hospital of Gaozhou, Gaozhou, China
| | - Siyao Che
- The People's Hospital of Gaozhou, Gaozhou, China
| | - Weiyi Fang
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Scianna M. Selected aspects of avascular tumor growth reproduced by a hybrid model of cell dynamics and chemical kinetics. Math Biosci 2024; 370:109168. [PMID: 38408698 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbs.2024.109168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
We here propose a hybrid computational framework to reproduce and analyze aspects of the avascular progression of a generic solid tumor. Our method first employs an individual-based approach to represent the population of tumor cells, which are distinguished in viable and necrotic agents. The active part of the disease is in turn differentiated according to a set of metabolic states. We then describe the spatio-temporal evolution of the concentration of oxygen and of tumor-secreted proteolytic enzymes using partial differential equations (PDEs). A differential equation finally governs the local degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) by the malignant mass. Numerical realizations of the model are run to reproduce tumor growth and invasion in a number scenarios that differ for cell properties (adhesiveness, duplication potential, proteolytic activity) and/or environmental conditions (level of tissue oxygenation and matrix density pattern). In particular, our simulations suggest that tumor aggressiveness, in terms of invasive depth and extension of necrotic tissue, can be reduced by (i) stable cell-cell contact interactions, (ii) poor tendency of malignant agents to chemotactically move upon oxygen gradients, and (iii) presence of an overdense matrix, if coupled by a disrupted proteolytic activity of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Scianna
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ramazi S, Daddzadi M, Sahafnejad Z, Allahverdi A. Epigenetic regulation in lung cancer. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e401. [PMID: 37901797 PMCID: PMC10600507 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is indeed a major cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The development of tumors involves a complex interplay of genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. Epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation (DNAm), histone modifications, and microRNA expression, play a crucial role in this process. Changes in DNAm patterns can lead to the silencing of important genes involved in cellular functions, contributing to the development and progression of lung cancer. MicroRNAs and exosomes have also emerged as reliable biomarkers for lung cancer. They can provide valuable information about early diagnosis and treatment assessment. In particular, abnormal hypermethylation of gene promoters and its effects on tumorigenesis, as well as its roles in the Wnt signaling pathway, have been extensively studied. Epigenetic drugs have shown promise in the treatment of lung cancer. These drugs target the aberrant epigenetic modifications that are involved in the development and progression of the disease. Several factors have been identified as drug targets in non-small cell lung cancer. Recently, combination therapy has been discussed as a successful strategy for overcoming drug resistance. Overall, understanding the role of epigenetic mechanisms and their targeting through drugs is an important area of research in lung cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shahin Ramazi
- Department of BiophysicsFaculty of Biological SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
| | - Meadeh Daddzadi
- Department of BiotechnologyFaculty of Advanced Science and TechnologyTehran Medical SciencesIslamic Azad UniversityTehranIran
| | - Zahra Sahafnejad
- Department of BiophysicsFaculty of Biological SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
| | - Abdollah Allahverdi
- Department of BiophysicsFaculty of Biological SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Soeroso NN, Ananda FR, Sitanggang JS, Vinolina NS. The role of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in determining survival rates of lung cancer patients in the population of North Sumatra, Indonesia. F1000Res 2023; 11:853. [PMID: 37427014 PMCID: PMC10329197 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.113303.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Gaining a better understanding of molecular alterations in the pathogenesis of lung cancer reveals a significant change in approach to the management and prognosis of lung cancer. Several oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes have been identified and have different roles related to survival rates in lung cancer patients. This study aims to determine the role of KRAS, EGFR, and TP53 mutations in the survival rate of lung cancer patients in the population of North Sumatra. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study involving 108 subjects diagnosed with lung cancer from histopathology specimens. DNA extractions were performed using FFPE followed by PCR examinations for assessing the expressions of EGFR, RAS, and TP53 protein. Sequencing analysis was carried out to determine the mutations of EGFR exon 19 and 21, RAS protein exon 2, and TP53 exon 5-6 and 8-9. Data input and analysis were conducted using statistical analysis software for Windows. The survival rate analysis was presented with Kaplan Meier. Results: 52 subjects completed all procedures in this study. Most of the subjects are male (75%), above 60 years old (53.8%), heavy smokers (75%), and suffer from adenocarcinoma type of lung cancer (69.2%). No subjects showed KRAS exon 2 mutations. Overall survival rates increased in patients with EGFR mutations (15 months compared to 8 months; p=0.001) and decreased in patients with TP53 mutations (7 months compared to 9 months; p=0.148). Also, there was increasing Progression-Free Survival in patients with EGFR mutations (6 months compared to 3 months) ( p=0.19) and decreasing PFS in patients with TP53 mutations (3 months compared to 6 months) ( p=0.07). Conclusions: There were no KRAS mutations in this study. EGFR mutations showed a higher survival rate, while TP53 mutations showed a lower survival rate in overall survival and progression-free survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noni Novisari Soeroso
- Thoracic Oncology Division, Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Sumatera Utara, 20155, Indonesia
| | - Fannie Rizki Ananda
- Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Sumatera Utara, 20155, Indonesia
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Molecular characterization of early breast cancer onset to understand disease phenotypes in African patients. Med Oncol 2023; 40:13. [PMID: 36352274 PMCID: PMC9646617 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01877-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Female breast cancer (BC) is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide with higher mortality rates and early onset in developing countries. The molecular basis of early disease onset is still elusive. We recruited 472 female breast cancer from two sub-Saharan African countries (Cameroon and Congo) between 2007 and 2018 and collected clinical data from these patients. To investigate the molecular drivers of early disease onset, we analyzed publicly available breast cancer molecular data from the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) and the gene expression omnibus (GEO) for copy number alteration, mutation and gene expression. Early BC onset (EOBRCA) (diagnosis before 45 years) was higher in African women compared with the TCGA cohort (51.7% vs 15.6%). The tumor grade, mitotic index, HER2 + phenotype, basal-like phenotype and ki67 were higher in EOBRCA for all cohorts. BC risk factors such as parity, breastfeeding early onset of menarche and use of hormonal contraceptives were significantly associated with EOBRCA (p < 0.05). EOBRCA was equally associated with copy number alterations in several oncogenes including CDH6 and FOXM1 and tumor suppressor including TGM3 and DMBT1 as well as higher TP53 mutation rates (OR: 2.93, p < 0.01). There was a significant enrichment of TGFß signaling in EOBRCA with TGM3 deletions, which was associated with high expression of all SMAD transcription factors as well as WNT ligands. The Frizzled receptors FZD1, FZD4 and FZD6 were significantly upregulated in EOBRCA, suggesting activation of non-canonical WNT signaling. Our data, suggest the implication of TGM3 deletion in early breast cancer onset. Further molecular investigations are warranted in African patients.
Collapse
|
8
|
Feng J, Ouyang H, Wang J, Pan D, Sheng L, Xu C, Lin W, Hu D, Chang C, Jia D. MPZL1 upregulation promotes tumor metastasis and correlates with unfavorable prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer. Carcinogenesis 2022; 43:919-929. [PMID: 35727197 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgac055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), accounting for 85% of all lung cancer, is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide. Previously, we demonstrated that MPZL1 gene amplification promotes liver cancer metastasis through activating Src/Cortactin pathway. However, the clinical relevance and biological roles of the MPZL1 gene in lung cancer are still unknown. Here, we found that MPZL1 expression upregulates in human NSCLC, which is partly due to the copy number amplification of this gene. Next, we observed that high MPZL1 expression correlates with unfavorable prognosis of NSCLC patients. We further demonstrated that ectopic MPZL1 overexpression promotes in vitro migratory but not proliferation and colony formation abilities of both H1299 and H460 cells. Consistently, we found that MPZL1 knockdown impairs the migratory abilities of A549 and H1775 cells. Moreover, we found that MPZL1 knockdown inhibits in vivo metastatic but not tumor growth abilities of the A549 cells. Additionally, a total of 297 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by RNA sequencing in A549 cells upon MPZL1 knockdown. By integrative analysis of DEGs regulated by MPZL1 in A549 cells and human NSCLC tissues, we revealed that COL11A1 is the potential effector gene that positively regulated by MPZL1 and correlates with poor prognosis of NSCLC patients. In conclusion, our work indicates that one of the mechanisms by which MPZL1 promotes NSCLC metastasis is through upregulating the COL11A1, and MPZL1 can be used as a biomarker to predict the prognosis of NSCLC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Feng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huiling Ouyang
- Laboratory of Cancer Genomics and Biology, Department of Urology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Deshen Pan
- Laboratory of Cancer Genomics and Biology, Department of Urology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Luoyan Sheng
- Laboratory of Cancer Genomics and Biology, Department of Urology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chaoliang Xu
- Laboratory of Cancer Genomics and Biology, Department of Urology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weihong Lin
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dingzhong Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng Chang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Deshui Jia
- Laboratory of Cancer Genomics and Biology, Department of Urology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Houschyar KS, Borrelli MR, Rein S, Tapking C, Popp D, Palackic A, Puladi B, Ooms M, Houschyar M, Branski LK, Schmitt L, Modabber A, Rübben A, Hölzle F, Yazdi AS. Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: a potential therapeutic target for the Wnt signaling pathway. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PLASTIC SURGERY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00238-022-01958-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the head and neck region accounts for 3% of all tumors worldwide. The incidence is higher in men, with most carcinomas found in the oral cavity. At the point of initial diagnosis, distant metastases are rare. The Wnt signaling pathway is critically involved in cell development and stemness and has been associated with SCC. Understanding precisely how Wnt signaling regulates SCC progression and how it can, therefore, be modulated for the therapeutic benefit has enormous potential in the treatment of head and neck SCC. In this review, we will describe the underlying mechanisms of Wnt signaling and outline how Wnt signaling controls cellular processes both in homeostasis and in the development and progression of SCC.Level of evidence: Not gradable.
Collapse
|
10
|
Elevated FAM84B promotes cell proliferation via interacting with NPM1 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:182. [PMID: 35396552 PMCID: PMC8993864 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-00984-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Family with sequence similarity 84, member B (FAM84B) is a significant copy number amplification gene in the 8q24.21 locus identified by our previous WGS study in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, its clinical relevance and potential mechanisms have been elusive. Here, we performed the association analyses between FAM84BAmp and clinicopathological features using 507 ESCC samples. The results indicated that, compared with the FAM84Bnon-Amp patients, the FAM84BAmp patients showed a more aggressive and a worse prognosis. A significant correlation was discovered between the expression level of FAM84B and FAM84BAmp in the ESCC cohort. Furthermore, we found that the forced expression change of FAM84B can influence ESCC cell proliferation and cell-cycle status, which is probably mediated by NPM1. A direct interaction between FAM84B and the C-terminal (189–294aa) of NPM1 was identified, which increased the NPM1 nuclear expression. Over-expression of NPM1 could inhibit the CDKN2A protein expression, which might affect the ESCC cell cycle. Our results indicate FAM84B CNA may be a potential diagnostic and therapeutic biomarker in ESCC, meanwhile, reveal a novel mechanism of FAM84B that promotes tumorigenesis via interacting with NPM1 and suppressing CDKN2A.
Collapse
|
11
|
Fiandaca G, Bernardi S, Scianna M, Delitala ME. A phenotype-structured model to reproduce the avascular growth of a tumor and its interaction with the surrounding environment. J Theor Biol 2021; 535:110980. [PMID: 34915043 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2021.110980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We here propose a one-dimensional spatially explicit phenotype-structured model to analyze selected aspects of avascular tumor progression. In particular, our approach distinguishes viable and necrotic cell fractions. The metabolically active part of the disease is, in turn, differentiated according to a continuous trait, that identifies cell variants with different degrees of motility and proliferation potential. A parabolic partial differential equation (PDE) then governs the spatio-temporal evolution of the phenotypic distribution of active cells within the host tissue. In this respect, active tumor agents are allowed to duplicate, move upon haptotactic and pressure stimuli, and eventually undergo necrosis. The mutual influence between the emerging malignancy and its environment (in terms of molecular landscape) is implemented by coupling the evolution law of the viable tumor mass with a parabolic PDE for oxygen kinetics and a differential equation that accounts for local consumption of extracellular matrix (ECM) elements. The resulting numerical realizations reproduce tumor growth and invasion in a number scenarios that differ for cell properties (i.e., individual migratory behavior, duplication and mutation potential) and environmental conditions (i.e., level of tissue oxygenation and homogeneity in the initial matrix profile). In particular, our simulations show that, in all cases, more mobile cell variants occupy the front edge of the tumor, whereas more proliferative clones are selected at the more internal regions. A necrotic core constantly occupies the bulk of the mass due to nutrient deprivation. This work may eventually suggest some biomedical strategies to partially reduce tumor aggressiveness, i.e., to enhance necrosis of malignant tissue and to promote the presence of more proliferative cell phenotypes over more invasive ones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giada Fiandaca
- Department of Mathematical Sciences "G. L. Lagrange", Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy.
| | - Sara Bernardi
- Department of Mathematical Sciences "G. L. Lagrange", Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy.
| | - Marco Scianna
- Department of Mathematical Sciences "G. L. Lagrange", Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy.
| | - Marcello Edoardo Delitala
- Department of Mathematical Sciences "G. L. Lagrange", Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Parvin S, Sedighian H, Sohrabi E, Mahboobi M, Rezaei M, Ghasemi D, Rezaei E. Prediction of Genes Involved in Lung Cancer with a Systems Biology Approach Based on Comprehensive Gene Information. Biochem Genet 2021; 60:1253-1273. [PMID: 34855070 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-021-10163-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Over the past few years, hundreds of genes have been reported in relation to lung cancer. Systems biology studies can help validate this association and find the most valid genes to use in the diagnosis and treatment. We reviewed the candidate genes for lung cancer in 120 published articles from September 1, 1993, to September 1, 2020. We obtained 134 up- and 36 downregulated genes for lung cancer in this article. The genes extracted from the articles were imported to Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting genes/proteins (STRING) to construct the protein-protein interaction (PPI) Network and pathway enrichment. GO ontology and Reactome databases were used for describing the genes, average length of survival, and constructing networks. Then, the ClusterONE plugin of Cytoscape software was used to analyze and cluster networks. Hubs and bottleneck nodes were defined based on their degree and betweenness. Common genes between the ClusterONE plugin and network analysis consisted of seven genes (BRCA1-TP53-CASP3-PLK1-VEGFA-MDM2-CCNB1 and PLK1), and two genes (PLK1 and TYMS) were selected as survival factors. Our drug-gene network showed that CASP3, BRCA1, TP53, VEGFA, and MDM2 are common genes that are involved in this network. Also, among the drugs recognized in the drug-gene network, five drugs such as paclitaxel, oxaliplatin, carboplatin, irinotecan, and cisplatin were examined in different studies. It seems that these seven genes, with further studies and confirmatory tests, could be potential markers for lung cancer, especially PLK1 that has a significant effect on the survival of patients. We provide the novel genes into the pathogenesis of lung cancer, and we introduced new potential biomarkers for this malignancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shahram Parvin
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Systems Biomedicine Unit, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Sedighian
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Sohrabi
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Science, P.O. Box 19395-5487, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Mahboobi
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Milad Rezaei
- Biology Department, Sciences Faculty, Brujerd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Brujerd, Iran
| | - Dariush Ghasemi
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Science, P.O. Box 19395-5487, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Rezaei
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Science, P.O. Box 19395-5487, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Abd El-Fattah EE, Abdelhamid AM. Benzo[a]pyrene immunogenetics and immune archetype reprogramming of lung. Toxicology 2021; 463:152994. [PMID: 34678320 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.152994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Overexposure to carcinogenic precursor, benzo[a]pyrene [BaP], modulates the lung immune microenvironment. The present review seeks to elucidate novel pathways behind the tumor effect of BaP in the lungs, emphasizing immunomodulatory mediators and immune cells. In this review, BaP reprograms lung immune microenvironment through modulating transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4), Interleukin 12 (IL-12), indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase (IDO), forkhead box protein P3 (FOXP3) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) levels. Moreover, BaP modulated lung immune cellular architecture such as dendritic cells, T cells, Tregs, macrophages, neutrophils, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). All mentioned changes in immune architecture and mediators lead to the induction of lung cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eslam E Abd El-Fattah
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa, Egypt.
| | - Amir Mohamed Abdelhamid
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Puzanov GA, Senchenko VN. SCP Phosphatases and Oncogenesis. Mol Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893321030092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
15
|
Miura A, Yamada D, Nakamura M, Tomida S, Shimizu D, Jiang Y, Takao T, Yamamoto H, Suzawa K, Shien K, Yamane M, Sakaguchi M, Toyooka S, Takarada T. Oncogenic potential of human pluripotent stem cell-derived lung organoids with HER2 overexpression. Int J Cancer 2021; 149:1593-1604. [PMID: 34152598 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common types among lung cancers generally arising from terminal airway and understanding of multistep carcinogenesis is crucial to develop novel therapeutic strategy for LUAD. Here we used human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) to establish iHER2-hiPSCs in which doxycycline induced the expression of the oncoprotein human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)/ERBB2. Lung progenitors that differentiated from iHER2-hiPSCs, which expressed NKX2-1/TTF-1 known as a lung lineage maker, were cocultured with human fetal fibroblast and formed human lung organoids (HLOs) comprising alveolar type 2-like cells. HLOs that overexpressed HER2 transformed to tumor-like structures similar to atypical adenomatous hyperplasia, which is known for lung precancerous lesion and upregulated the activities of oncogenic signaling cascades such as RAS/RAF/MAPK and PI3K/AKT/mTOR. The degree of morphological irregularity and proliferation capacity were significantly higher in HLOs from iHER2-hiPSCs. Moreover, the transcriptome profile of the HLOs shifted from a normal lung tissue-like state to one characteristic of clinical LUAD with HER2 amplification. Our results suggest that hiPSC-derived HLOs may serve as a model to recapitulate the early tumorigenesis of LUAD and would provide new insights into the molecular basis of tumor initiation and progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Miura
- Department of Regenerative Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan.,Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Daisuke Yamada
- Department of Regenerative Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nakamura
- Precision Health, Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuta Tomida
- Center for Comprehensive Genomic Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Dai Shimizu
- Department of Regenerative Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan.,Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yan Jiang
- Department of Regenerative Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Tomoka Takao
- Department of Regenerative Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Yamamoto
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Ken Suzawa
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Shien
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Masaomi Yamane
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Masakiyo Sakaguchi
- Department of Cell Biology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Shinichi Toyooka
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Takeshi Takarada
- Department of Regenerative Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Takamori S, Takada K, Shimokawa M, Jinnnouchi M, Matsubara T, Haratake N, Miura N, Toyozawa R, Yamaguchi M, Takenoyama M, Yoneshima Y, Tanaka K, Okamoto I, Tagawa T, Mori M. Prognostic impact of primary cancer adjoining emphysematous bullae in non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2021; 70:1745-1753. [PMID: 33389013 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-020-02783-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have become a standard therapy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Although lung cancer adjoining emphysematous bullae (Ca-ADJ) were reported to express higher programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), the predictive impact of Ca-ADJ on the response to ICIs is unknown. METHODS Two hundred and fifty-seven advanced or recurrent NSCLC patients treated with ICI monotherapy at Kyushu University Hospital and National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center were analyzed. To minimize the bias arising from the patients' background, adjusted Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Cox proportional hazards regression analyses using inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTW) were performed. RESULTS Of the 257 patients, 55 had Ca-ADJ. Patients with Ca-ADJ were significantly associated with younger age (P = 0.0343), male sex (P = 0.0070), and smoking (P = 0.0080). The objective response rate of cases with Ca-ADJ was significantly higher than that of those without Ca-ADJ (36.4% vs. 20.8%, respectively; P = 0.0167). The disease control rate of cases with Ca-ADJ was also significantly higher than tumors without Ca-ADJ (63.6% vs. 47.5%, respectively; P = 0.0341). The IPTW-adjusted Kaplan-Meier curves showed that patients with Ca-ADJ had significantly longer progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) than those without Ca-ADJ (P = 0.0407 and P = 0.0126, respectively). On IPTW-adjusted Cox analysis, Ca-ADJ was an independent predictor of PFS and OS (P < 0.0001 and P < 0.0001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Patients with Ca-ADJ may be good candidates for ICIs. These findings should be validated prospectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shinkichi Takamori
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Kazuki Takada
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mototsugu Shimokawa
- Department of Biostatistics, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Mikako Jinnnouchi
- Department of Radiology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Taichi Matsubara
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Naoki Haratake
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Naoko Miura
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ryo Toyozawa
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masafumi Yamaguchi
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Takenoyama
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yasuto Yoneshima
- Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kentaro Tanaka
- Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Isamu Okamoto
- Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tetsuzo Tagawa
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masaki Mori
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Ranjan N, Pandey V, Panigrahi MK, Klumpp L, Naumann U, Babu PP. The Tumor Suppressor MTUS1/ATIP1 Modulates Tumor Promotion in Glioma: Association with Epigenetics and DNA Repair. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13061245. [PMID: 33809019 PMCID: PMC7999421 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13061245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Despite multidisciplinary treatments, survival remains poor in glioma patients. Although novel therapeutic approaches are being explored, no outstanding effects on the survival have been achieved so far, which substantiates the need to develop new therapeutic strategies. To understand the mechanisms responsible for its high malignancy and obligatory recurrence, we examined the impact of MTUS1, a tumor-suppressor gene (TSG), coding for ATIP1, in glioma malignancy as well as how its expression might influence glioma therapy. We confirmed that in glioma cells, elevated ATIP1 expression damps tumor progression by mitigating proliferation and motility. Additionally, MTUS1/ATIP1 can be used as a biological marker to predict therapy outcomes. In glioma cell lines, glioma sphere cultures (GSC), high-grade glioma (HGG) and especially in glioma recurrence, MTUS1/ATIP1 expression is downregulated, probably by promoter hypermethylation. However, in GBM, high ATIP1 expression might interfere with radiation-therapy since elevated expression of MTUS1/ATIP1 drives double-strand break (DSB) DNA repair. Abstract Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly aggressive brain tumor. Resistance mechanisms in GBM present an array of challenges to understand its biology and to develop novel therapeutic strategies. We investigated the role of a TSG, MTUS1/ATIP1 in glioma. Glioma specimen, cells and low passage GBM sphere cultures (GSC) were analyzed for MTUS1/ATIP1 expression at the RNA and protein level. Methylation analyses were done by bisulfite sequencing (BSS). The consequence of chemotherapy and irradiation on ATIP1 expression and the influence of different cellular ATIP1 levels on survival was examined in vitro and in vivo. MTUS1/ATIP1 was downregulated in high-grade glioma (HGG), GSC and GBM cells and hypermethylation at the ATIP1 promoter region seems to be at least partially responsible for this downregulation. ATIP1 overexpression significantly reduced glioma progression by mitigating cell motility, proliferation and facilitate cell death. In glioma-bearing mice, elevated MTUS1/ATIP1 expression prolonged their survival. Chemotherapy, as well as irradiation, recovered ATIP1 expression both in vitro and in vivo. Surprisingly, ATIP1 overexpression increased irradiation-induced DNA-damage repair, resulting in radio-resistance. Our findings indicate that MTUS1/ATIP1 serves as TSG-regulating gliomagenesis, progression and therapy resistance. In HGG, higher MTUS1/ATIP1 expression might interfere with tumor irradiation therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil Ranjan
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Telangana 500046, India
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of General Neurology, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Center Neurology, University of Tuebingen, Otfried-Mueller-Str. 27, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Vimal Pandey
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Telangana 500046, India
| | - Manas Kumar Panigrahi
- Department of Neurosurgery and Pathology, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences (KIMS), Secunderabad, Telangana 500003, India
| | - Lukas Klumpp
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ulrike Naumann
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of General Neurology, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Center Neurology, University of Tuebingen, Otfried-Mueller-Str. 27, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Phanithi Prakash Babu
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Telangana 500046, India
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Gaissmaier L, Christopoulos P. Immune Modulation in Lung Cancer: Current Concepts and Future Strategies. Respiration 2020; 99:1-27. [PMID: 33291116 DOI: 10.1159/000510385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy represents the most dynamic field of biomedical research currently, with thoracic immuno-oncology as a forerunner. PD-(L)1 inhibitors are already part of standard first-line treatment for both non-small-cell and small-cell lung cancer, while unprecedented 5-year survival rates of 15-25% have been achieved in pretreated patients with metastatic disease. Evolving strategies are mainly aiming for improvement of T-cell function, increase of immune activation in the tumor microenvironment (TME), and supply of tumor-reactive lymphocytes. Several novel therapeutics have demonstrated preclinical efficacy and are increasingly used in rational combinations within clinical trials. Two overarching trends dominate: extension of immunotherapy to earlier disease stages, mainly as neoadjuvant treatment, and a shift of focus towards multivalent, individualized, mutatome-based antigen-specific modalities, mainly adoptive cell therapies and cancer vaccines. The former ensures ample availability of treated and untreated patient samples, the latter facilitates deeper mechanistic insights, and both in combination build an overwhelming force that is accelerating progress and driving the greatest revolution cancer medicine has seen so far. Today, immune modulation represents the most potent therapeutic modality in oncology, the most important topic in clinical and translational cancer research, and arguably our greatest, meanwhile justified hope for achieving cure of pulmonary neoplasms and other malignancies in the next future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lena Gaissmaier
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Thoraxklinik at Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Petros Christopoulos
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Thoraxklinik at Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany,
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany,
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Yang MH, Baek SH, Chinnathambi A, Alharbi SA, Ahn KS. Identification of protocatechuic acid as a novel blocker of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in lung tumor cells. Phytother Res 2020; 35:1953-1966. [PMID: 33251669 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Protocatechuic acid (PA) is widely distributed and commonly occurring natural compound that can exert antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, as well as anti-cancer effects. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is important cellular process that can control tumor invasion and metastasis. Here, we investigated whether PA can modulate the EMT process in basal and transforming growth factorβ-induced A549 and H1299 cells. We found that PA suppressed expression of mesenchymal markers (Fibronectin, Vimentin, and N-cadherin), MMP-9, MMP-2, twist, and snail but stimulated the levels of epithelial markers (E-cadherin and Occludin). In addition, PA can affect TGFβ-induced expression of both mesenchymal and epithelial markers. Moreover, PA abrogated migratory and invasive potential of tumor cells by reversing the EMT process. Furthermore, we found that PA suppressed EMT process by abrogating the activation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling cascade in lung cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Hee Yang
- KHU-KIST Department of Converging Science and Technology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Ho Baek
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Arunachalam Chinnathambi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sulaiman Ali Alharbi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Kwang Seok Ahn
- KHU-KIST Department of Converging Science and Technology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Khan AA, Patel K, Patil S, Babu N, Mangalaparthi KK, Solanki HS, Nanjappa V, Kumari A, Manoharan M, Karunakaran C, Murugan S, Nair B, Kumar RV, Biswas M, Sidransky D, Gupta R, Gupta R, Khanna-Gupta A, Kumar P, Chatterjee A, Gowda H. Multi-Omics Analysis to Characterize Cigarette Smoke Induced Molecular Alterations in Esophageal Cells. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1666. [PMID: 33251127 PMCID: PMC7675040 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Though smoking remains one of the established risk factors of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, there is limited data on molecular alterations associated with cigarette smoke exposure in esophageal cells. To investigate molecular alterations associated with chronic exposure to cigarette smoke, non-neoplastic human esophageal epithelial cells were treated with cigarette smoke condensate (CSC) for up to 8 months. Chronic treatment with CSC increased cell proliferation and invasive ability of non-neoplastic esophageal cells. Whole exome sequence analysis of CSC treated cells revealed several mutations and copy number variations. This included loss of high mobility group nucleosomal binding domain 2 (HMGN2) and a missense variant in mediator complex subunit 1 (MED1). Both these genes play an important role in DNA repair. Global proteomic and phosphoproteomic profiling of CSC treated cells lead to the identification of 38 differentially expressed and 171 differentially phosphorylated proteins. Bioinformatics analysis of differentially expressed proteins and phosphoproteins revealed that most of these proteins are associated with DNA damage response pathway. Proteomics data revealed decreased expression of HMGN2 and hypophosphorylation of MED1. Exogenous expression of HMGN2 and MED1 lead to decreased proliferative and invasive ability of smoke exposed cells. Immunohistochemical labeling of HMGN2 in primary ESCC tumor tissue sections (from smokers) showed no detectable expression while strong to moderate staining of HMGN2 was observed in normal esophageal tissues. Our data suggests that cigarette smoke perturbs expression of proteins associated with DNA damage response pathways which might play a vital role in development of ESCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aafaque Ahmad Khan
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, India.,Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Krishna Patel
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, India.,Amrita School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kollam, India
| | - Shankargouda Patil
- Division of Oral Pathology, Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Medical Biotechnologies, School of Dental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Niraj Babu
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, India.,Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Kiran K Mangalaparthi
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, India.,Amrita School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kollam, India
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Bipin Nair
- Amrita School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kollam, India
| | - Rekha V Kumar
- Department of Pathology, Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bangalore, India
| | - Manjusha Biswas
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Mitra Biotech, Bangalore, India
| | - David Sidransky
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Ravi Gupta
- Medgenome Labs Pvt. Ltd., Bangalore, India
| | | | | | - Prashant Kumar
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, India.,Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Aditi Chatterjee
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, India.,Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Harsha Gowda
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, India.,Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.,Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Liang Z, Zhong Y, Meng L, Chen Y, Liu Y, Wu A, Li X, Wang M. HAX1 enhances the survival and metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer through the AKT/mTOR and MDM2/p53 signaling pathway. Thorac Cancer 2020; 11:3155-3167. [PMID: 32926529 PMCID: PMC7606027 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.13634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background HS‐1‐associated protein‐1 (HAX1) has been reported to be overexpressed in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues. However, the underlying mechanism of HAX1 in NSCLC has not previously been demonstrated. The present study investigated the role and underlying mechanism of HAX1 in NSCLC. Methods The HAX1 expression were confirmed in NSCLC tissues through TCGA database and qRT‐PCR. Moreover, we performed qRT‐PCR, Western blotting, Transwell assays, TUNEL assays and so on to evaluate the role of HAX1 in A549 and H1299 cell lines. Results mRNA expression of HAX1 was overexpressed in NSCLC tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues according to The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. QRT‐PCR assays showed that HAX1 mRNA expression was upregulated in NSCLC tissues. The high HAX1 mRNA levels were found to be positively associated with tumor size, TNM stage and lymphatic metastasis. Silencing of HAX1 promoted apoptosis and reduced invasion of A549 and H1299 cells by inhibiting the AKT/mTOR and MDM2/P53 signal pathway. AKT agonist SC79 could inhibit apoptosis and promote proliferation, migration and invasion of A549 and H1299 cells transfected with si‐HAX1. Conclusions The present study provided a better understanding of HAX1 mechanism in NSCLC and potential therapeutic target for NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Liang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Yuan Zhong
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lifei Meng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Yahui Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Aihua Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Xinjian Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Mingsong Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Overall survival prediction of non-small cell lung cancer by integrating microarray and clinical data with deep learning. Sci Rep 2020; 10:4679. [PMID: 32170141 PMCID: PMC7069964 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61588-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the most common lung cancers worldwide. Accurate prognostic stratification of NSCLC can become an important clinical reference when designing therapeutic strategies for cancer patients. With this clinical application in mind, we developed a deep neural network (DNN) combining heterogeneous data sources of gene expression and clinical data to accurately predict the overall survival of NSCLC patients. Based on microarray data from a cohort set (614 patients), seven well-known NSCLC biomarkers were used to group patients into biomarker- and biomarker+ subgroups. Then, by using a systems biology approach, prognosis relevance values (PRV) were then calculated to select eight additional novel prognostic gene biomarkers. Finally, the combined 15 biomarkers along with clinical data were then used to develop an integrative DNN via bimodal learning to predict the 5-year survival status of NSCLC patients with tremendously high accuracy (AUC: 0.8163, accuracy: 75.44%). Using the capability of deep learning, we believe that our prediction can be a promising index that helps oncologists and physicians develop personalized therapy and build the foundation of precision medicine in the future.
Collapse
|
23
|
BommaReddy RR, Patel R, Smalley T, Acevedo-Duncan M. Effects of Atypical Protein Kinase C Inhibitor (DNDA) on Lung Cancer Proliferation and Migration by PKC-ι/FAK Ubiquitination Through the Cbl-b Pathway. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:1661-1676. [PMID: 32158232 PMCID: PMC7047975 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s224866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The options for treating lung cancers are limited, as diagnosis typically occurs during the late stages of the disease. There is a dire need to develop aPKC (atypical Protein Kinase C) inhibitors due to aPKC overexpression and contributions to lung cancer malignancies. In this study, we investigate the role of atypical PKCs (aPKCs) in cell proliferation and migration in lung cancer cell lines and the effect of the novel aPKC inhibitor DNDA (3,4-amino-2,7 napthalene disulfonic acid). Methods The normal and lung cancer cells were treated with various concentrations of DNDA. We used a WST assay to determine lung cell viability, then analyzed cell apoptosis through Annexin V/PI staining and flow cytometry. Immunoprecipitation determined the proteins' associations, and Western blot allowed testing of the expression of interest proteins. We also employed the UbiTest to identify the ubiquitination of the FAK. The scratch and transwell assays measured cell migration and invasion of lung cancer cells. Results Our data from cell viability and flow cytometry showed a significant reduction in cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis with DNDA treatment in lung cancer cells, as well as no toxic effect on normal BEAS-2B lung cells. Western blot results showed that the phosphorylation of PKC-iota and phosphorylation of FAK decreased in A549 lung cancer cells upon DNDA treatment. Immunoprecipitation (IP) data revealed an association of PKC-ι with FAK and FAK with Casitas B-lineage lymphoma proto-oncogene-b (Cbl-b). UbiTest results suggest that PKC-ι regulates FAK cleavage through its ubiquitination by Cbl-b, thereby inhibiting A549 lung cancer cells' migration. This was evident from scratch, invasion, and migration assays. Conclusion Our study data suggest that DNDA inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in lung cancer cells. Moreover, DNDA inhibit A549 lung cancer cells' migration by PKC- ι/FAK ubiquitination via Cbl-b.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rekha Patel
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - Tracess Smalley
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Sarlak S, Lalou C, Amoedo ND, Rossignol R. Metabolic reprogramming by tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs) in cancer. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2020; 98:154-166. [PMID: 31699542 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2019.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Revised: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of cancer and the link between oncogenes activation, tumor supressors inactivation and bioenergetics modulation is well established. However, numerous carcinogenic environmental factors are responsible for early cancer initiation and their impact on metabolic reprogramming just starts to be deciphered. For instance, it was recently shown that UVB irradiation triggers metabolic reprogramming at the pre-cancer stage with implication for skin cancer detection and therapy. These observations foster the need to study the early changes in tissue metabolism following exposure to other carcinogenic events. According to the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), tobacco smoke is a major class I-carcinogenic environmental factor that contains different carcinogens, but little is known on the impact of tobacco smoke on tissue metabolism and its participation to cancer initiation. In particular, tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs) play a central role in tobacco-smoke mediated cancer initiation. Here we describe the recent advances that have led to a new hypothesis regarding the link between nitrosamines signaling and metabolic reprogramming in cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saharnaz Sarlak
- INSERM U1211, 33000 Bordeaux, France; Bordeaux University, 146 rue Léo Saignat, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Claude Lalou
- INSERM U1211, 33000 Bordeaux, France; Bordeaux University, 146 rue Léo Saignat, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Nivea Dias Amoedo
- CELLOMET, Functional Genomics Center (CGFB), 146 rue Léo Saignat, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Rodrigue Rossignol
- INSERM U1211, 33000 Bordeaux, France; Bordeaux University, 146 rue Léo Saignat, 33000 Bordeaux, France; CELLOMET, Functional Genomics Center (CGFB), 146 rue Léo Saignat, 33000 Bordeaux, France.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Causative role of PDLIM2 epigenetic repression in lung cancer and therapeutic resistance. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5324. [PMID: 31757943 PMCID: PMC6876573 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13331-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Most cancers are resistant to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 and chemotherapy. Herein we identify PDLIM2 as a tumor suppressor particularly important for lung cancer therapeutic responses. While PDLIM2 is epigenetically repressed in human lung cancer, associating with therapeutic resistance and poor prognosis, its global or lung epithelial-specific deletion in mice causes increased lung cancer development, chemoresistance, and complete resistance to anti-PD-1 and epigenetic drugs. PDLIM2 epigenetic restoration or ectopic expression shows antitumor activity, and synergizes with anti-PD-1, notably, with chemotherapy for complete remission of most lung cancers. Mechanistically, through repressing NF-κB/RelA and STAT3, PDLIM2 increases expression of genes involved in antigen presentation and T-cell activation while repressing multidrug resistance genes and cancer-related genes, thereby rendering cancer cells vulnerable to immune attacks and therapies. We identify PDLIM2-independent PD-L1 induction by chemotherapeutic and epigenetic drugs as another mechanism for their synergy with anti-PD-1. These findings establish a rationale to use combination therapies for cancer treatment. PDLIM2 is repressed epigenetically in lung cancers, which are frequently resistant to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 and chemotherapy. Here, the authors describe the mechanism through which epigenetic restoration of PDLIM2 synergises with anti-PD-1 and chemotherapy in lung cancers.
Collapse
|
26
|
Synergistic anti-colon cancer effect of glycyrol and butyrate is associated with the enhanced activation of caspase-3 and structural features of glycyrol. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 136:110952. [PMID: 31712101 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Coumarin-based anti-cancer agents have attracted considerable attention recently. Butyrate, a major short-chain fatty acid produced in colon by gut microbiota, has been shown to exert anticancer activity both in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we evaluated the anti-cancer effect of combining glycyrol (GC), a representative of coumarin compounds in licorice, or its analogues Glycycoumarin/Demethylsuberosin/Coumestrol (GCM/De/Coum) with butyrate in HT29 and HCT116 cells, and explored the relationship between the combined anti-cancer effect and structural features of coumarin compounds. Results showed the strongest inhibitory effect on cancer cells was induced by GC/butyrate combination via enhanced activation of caspase-3. Our data indicated the benzofuranyl, isopentenyl and methoxy groups presented in GC played critical role in its anti-cancer activity, while the furan group led to the further enhancement. The findings of the present study will be beneficial for developing coumarin-based compounds and coumarin compound-based regimen to fight against colon cancer.
Collapse
|
27
|
Molecular Insights into Potential Contributions of Natural Polyphenols to Lung Cancer Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11101565. [PMID: 31618955 PMCID: PMC6826534 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11101565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Naturally occurring polyphenols are believed to have beneficial effects in the prevention and treatment of a myriad of disorders due to their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antineoplastic, cytotoxic, and immunomodulatory activities documented in a large body of literature. In the era of molecular medicine and targeted therapy, there is a growing interest in characterizing the molecular mechanisms by which polyphenol compounds interact with multiple protein targets and signaling pathways that regulate key cellular processes under both normal and pathological conditions. Numerous studies suggest that natural polyphenols have chemopreventive and/or chemotherapeutic properties against different types of cancer by acting through different molecular mechanisms. The present review summarizes recent preclinical studies on the applications of bioactive polyphenols in lung cancer therapy, with an emphasis on the molecular mechanisms that underlie the therapeutic effects of major polyphenols on lung cancer. We also discuss the potential of the polyphenol-based combination therapy as an attractive therapeutic strategy against lung cancer.
Collapse
|
28
|
Malik A, Afaq S, Alwabli AS, Al-ghmady K. Networking of predicted post-translational modification (PTM) sites in human EGFR. Bioinformation 2019; 15:448-456. [PMID: 31485130 PMCID: PMC6704328 DOI: 10.6026/97320630015448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) binds to EGF activating tyrosine phosphorylation through receptor dimerization prompting uncontrolled multiplication. Domain organization, secondary structure combinations in motifs and interactome define such transitory changes responsible for the multi-functionality of human EGFR. We report the predicted phosphorylation sites on Ser, Thr and Tyr residues in addition to 74 auto-phosphorylation sites on Tyr in human EGFR. These data suggest a complex interplay between phosphorylation types for modification resulting in the modulation of human EGFR functionality. It is of further interest in future to thoroughly understand the associated data to clarify the various roles played by post translational modifications (PTM) in human EGFR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arshi Malik
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha Kingdom of Saudi Arabia-61421
| | - Sarah Afaq
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha Kingdom of Saudi Arabia-61421
| | - Afaf S Alwabli
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Al-ghmady
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Premalignant lesions of squamous cell carcinoma of the lung: The molecular make-up and factors affecting their progression. Lung Cancer 2019; 135:21-28. [PMID: 31446997 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2019.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), one of the most common forms of lung cancer, shows accelerated progression and aggressive growth and usually is observed at advanced stages. SCC originates from morphological changes in the bronchial epithelium that occur during chronic inflammation: basal cell hyperplasia, squamous metaplasia, and dysplasia I-III. However, the process is not inevitable; it can be stopped at any stage, remain in the stable state indefinitely and either progress or regress. The reasons and mechanisms of different scenarios of the evolution of premalignant lesions in the respiratory epithelium are not fully understood. In this review, we summarized the literature data (including our own data) regarding genetic, epigenetic, transcriptomic and proteomic profiles of the premalignant lesions and highlighted factors (environmental causes, inflammation, and gene polymorphism) that may govern their progression or regression. In conclusion, we reviewed strategies for lung cancer prevention and proposed new models and research directions for studying premalignant lesions and developing new tools to predict the risk of their malignant transformation.
Collapse
|
30
|
Funakoshi-Tago M, Tsuruya R, Ueda F, Ishihara A, Kasahara T, Tamura H, Tago K. Tyrosine-phosphorylated SOCS3 negatively regulates cellular transformation mediated by the myeloproliferative neoplasm-associated JAK2 V617F mutant. Cytokine 2019; 123:154753. [PMID: 31255914 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2019.154753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
In the majority of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) patients, a point mutation, V617F has been found in Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) gene, and this JAK2 mutant provoked aberrant signaling pathway. In the current study, we found that suppressor of cytokine signaling proteins 3 (SOCS3) possessed the tumor suppressive activity against the JAK2 V617F mutant-provoked cellular transformation. The knockdown of SOCS3 increased the expression level of the JAK2 V617F mutant, which enhanced the activation of signaling mediators, including signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and 5 (STAT3, STAT5) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and also increased of the proliferation rate and tumorigenesis activity of Ba/F3 cells expressing the JAK2 V617F mutant and erythropoietin receptor (EpoR). In contrast, the enforced expression of SOCS3 significantly inhibited the JAK2 V617F mutant-induced activation of downstream signaling molecules, cell proliferation, and tumorigenesis by down-regulating the expression level of the JAK2 V617F mutant. SOCS3 interacted with the JAK2V617F mutant through its SH2 domain and was phosphorylated at Tyr-204 and Tyr-221 in its SOCS box by the JAK2V617F mutant. SOCS3 mutants carrying a mutation in the SH2 domain (R71E) and a substitution at Tyr-221 (Y221F) failed to exert inhibitory effects on JAK2V617F mutant-induced cellular transformation and tumorigenesis. Collectively, these results imply that SOCS3 plays a negative role in the JAK2 V617F mutant-induced oncogenic signaling pathway through its SH2 domain and the phosphorylation of Tyr-221 in its SOCS box.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Megumi Funakoshi-Tago
- Division of Hygienic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan.
| | - Rina Tsuruya
- Division of Hygienic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Fumihito Ueda
- Division of Hygienic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Aki Ishihara
- Division of Hygienic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Tadashi Kasahara
- International University of Health and Welfare, Graduate School, 1-3-3 Minamiaoyama, Minato-ku, Tokyo 107-0062, Japan
| | - Hiroomi Tamura
- Division of Hygienic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Kenji Tago
- Division of Structural Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke-shi, Tochigi-ken 329-0498, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Bommu UD, Konidala KK, Pabbaraju N, Yeguvapalli S. QSAR modeling, pharmacophore-based virtual screening, and ensemble docking insights into predicting potential epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) analogs against epidermal growth factor receptor. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2019; 39:18-27. [DOI: 10.1080/10799893.2018.1564151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Uma Devi Bommu
- Department of Zoology, Division of Cancer Informatics, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, India
| | - Kranthi Kumar Konidala
- Department of Zoology, Division of Molecular Physiology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, India
| | - Neeraja Pabbaraju
- Department of Zoology, Division of Molecular Physiology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, India
| | - Suneetha Yeguvapalli
- Department of Zoology, Division of Cancer Informatics, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, India
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Han Y, Li X, He F, Yan J, Ma C, Zheng X, Zhang J, Zhang D, Meng C, Zhang Z, Ji X. Knockdown of lncRNA PVT1 Inhibits Glioma Progression by Regulating miR-424 Expression. Oncol Res 2019; 27:681-690. [PMID: 30832754 PMCID: PMC7848267 DOI: 10.3727/096504018x15424939990246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmacytoma variability translocation 1 (PVT1), an oncogene, has been reported to be highly expressed in many tumors, including human glioma, gastric cancer, and non-small cell lung cancer. Functionally, it could also regulate the development of tumor cells. However, its specific roles and pathogenesis in human gliomas are still not clear. This study investigated the function and mechanism of PVT1 knockdown in the proliferation and malignant transformation of human gliomas. We first examined the expression levels of PVT1 and miR-424 in human glioma tissues and cell lines. We also used gene manipulation techniques to explore the effects of PVT1 knockdown on cell viability, migration, invasion, and miR-424. We found that PVT1 knockdown effectively inhibited cell viability, migration, and invasion of human glioma cells and increased miR-424 expression. Based on the negative correlation between PVT1 and miR-424, we then confirmed the direct interaction between PVT1 and miR-424 using RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and luciferase reporter assays. Further, we established a xenograft nude mouse model to determine the role and mechanism of PVT1 on tumor growth in vivo. In addition, PVT1 knockdown was shown to promote miR-424 in vivo. In summary, the present study demonstrated that PVT1 knockdown could negatively regulate miR-424 to inhibit human glioma cell activity, migration, and invasiveness. PVT1 knockdown could negatively regulate miR-424 to inhibit cellular activity, migration, and invasiveness in human gliomas, which explained the oncogenic mechanism of PVT1 in human gliomas. It also suggested that PVT1 might be a novel therapeutic target for human gliomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanjie Han
- Clinical Laboratory and Functional Laboratory, Kaifeng Central Hospital, Kaifeng, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Xinxin Li
- Clinical Laboratory and Functional Laboratory, Kaifeng Central Hospital, Kaifeng, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Fei He
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Huai-He Hospital, College of Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Jiliang Yan
- Clinical Laboratory and Functional Laboratory, Kaifeng Central Hospital, Kaifeng, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Chunyan Ma
- Clinical Laboratory and Functional Laboratory, Kaifeng Central Hospital, Kaifeng, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoli Zheng
- Hospital Infection Control Office, First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Jinli Zhang
- Clinical Laboratory and Functional Laboratory, Kaifeng Central Hospital, Kaifeng, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Donghui Zhang
- Clinical Laboratory and Functional Laboratory, Kaifeng Central Hospital, Kaifeng, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Cuiping Meng
- Clinical Laboratory and Functional Laboratory, Kaifeng Central Hospital, Kaifeng, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Clinical Laboratory and Functional Laboratory, Kaifeng Central Hospital, Kaifeng, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Xinying Ji
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Nuclear Protein Regulation, Henan University College of Medicine, Kaifeng, Henan, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Viswanathan S, Berlin Grace VM, Danisha JP. Enhancement of tumor suppressor RAR-β protein expression by cationic liposomal-ATRA treatment in benzo(a)pyrene-induced lung cancer mice model. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2018; 392:415-426. [DOI: 10.1007/s00210-018-01598-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
34
|
Advani J, Subbannayya Y, Patel K, Khan AA, Patil AH, Jain AP, Solanki HS, Radhakrishnan A, Pinto SM, Sahasrabuddhe NA, Thomas JK, Mathur PP, Nair BG, Chang X, Prasad TSK, Sidransky D, Gowda H, Chatterjee A. Long-Term Cigarette Smoke Exposure and Changes in MiRNA Expression and Proteome in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. OMICS-A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY 2018; 21:390-403. [PMID: 28692419 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2017.0045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Chronic exposure to cigarette smoke markedly increases the risk for lung cancer. Regulation of gene expression at the post-transcriptional level by miRNAs influences a variety of cancer-related interactomes. Yet, relatively little is known on the effects of long-term cigarette smoke exposure on miRNA expression and gene regulation. NCI-H292 (H292) is a cell line sensitive to cigarette smoke with mucoepidermoid characteristics in culture. We report, in this study, original observations on long-term (12 months) cigarette smoke effects in the H292 cell line, using microarray-based miRNA expression profiling, and stable isotopic labeling with amino acids in cell culture-based quantitative proteomic analysis. We identified 112 upregulated and 147 downregulated miRNAs (by twofold) in cigarette smoke-treated H292 cells. The liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis identified 3,959 proteins, of which, 303 proteins were overexpressed and 112 proteins downregulated (by twofold). We observed 39 miRNA target pairs (proven targets) that were differentially expressed in response to chronic cigarette smoke exposure. Gene ontology analysis of the target proteins revealed enrichment of proteins in biological processes driving metabolism, cell communication, and nucleic acid metabolism. Pathway analysis revealed the enrichment of phagosome maturation, antigen presentation pathway, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2-mediated oxidative stress response, and cholesterol biosynthesis pathways in cigarette smoke-exposed cells. In conclusion, this report makes an important contribution to knowledge on molecular changes in a lung cell line in response to long term cigarette smoke exposure. The findings might inform future strategies for drug target, biomarker and diagnostics innovation in lung cancer, and clinical oncology. These observations also call for further research on the extent to which continuing or stopping cigarette smoking in patients diagnosed with lung cancer translates into molecular and clinical outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jayshree Advani
- 1 Institute of Bioinformatics , International Technology Park, Bangalore, India
| | - Yashwanth Subbannayya
- 2 YU-IOB Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya University , Mangalore, India
| | - Krishna Patel
- 1 Institute of Bioinformatics , International Technology Park, Bangalore, India .,3 Amrita School of Biotechnology , Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kollam, India
| | - Aafaque Ahmad Khan
- 1 Institute of Bioinformatics , International Technology Park, Bangalore, India .,4 School of Biotechnology, KIIT University , Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Arun H Patil
- 1 Institute of Bioinformatics , International Technology Park, Bangalore, India .,2 YU-IOB Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya University , Mangalore, India .,4 School of Biotechnology, KIIT University , Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Ankit P Jain
- 1 Institute of Bioinformatics , International Technology Park, Bangalore, India .,4 School of Biotechnology, KIIT University , Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Hitendra S Solanki
- 1 Institute of Bioinformatics , International Technology Park, Bangalore, India .,4 School of Biotechnology, KIIT University , Bhubaneswar, India
| | | | - Sneha M Pinto
- 2 YU-IOB Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya University , Mangalore, India
| | | | - Joji K Thomas
- 1 Institute of Bioinformatics , International Technology Park, Bangalore, India
| | | | - Bipin G Nair
- 3 Amrita School of Biotechnology , Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kollam, India
| | - Xiaofei Chang
- 5 Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland
| | - T S Keshava Prasad
- 1 Institute of Bioinformatics , International Technology Park, Bangalore, India .,2 YU-IOB Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya University , Mangalore, India
| | - David Sidransky
- 5 Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Harsha Gowda
- 1 Institute of Bioinformatics , International Technology Park, Bangalore, India .,2 YU-IOB Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya University , Mangalore, India
| | - Aditi Chatterjee
- 1 Institute of Bioinformatics , International Technology Park, Bangalore, India .,2 YU-IOB Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya University , Mangalore, India
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Krasnov GS, Puzanov GA, Kudryavtseva AV, Dmitriev AA, Beniaminov AD, Kondratieva TT, Senchenko VN. Differential expression of an ensemble of the key genes involved in cell-cycle regulation in lung cancer. Mol Biol 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893317050107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
|
36
|
Yang S, Chen L, Chan DW, Li QK, Zhang H. Protein signatures of molecular pathways in non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC): comparison of glycoproteomics and global proteomics. Clin Proteomics 2017; 14:31. [PMID: 28814946 PMCID: PMC5557576 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-017-9166-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) remains the leading cause of cancer deaths in the United States. More than half of NSCLC patients have clinical presentations with locally advanced or metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis. The large-scale genomic analysis of NSCLC has demonstrated that molecular alterations are substantially different between adenocarcinoma (ADC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC). However, a comprehensive analysis of proteins and glycoproteins in different subtypes of NSCLC using advanced proteomic approaches has not yet been conducted. Methods We applied mass spectrometry (MS) technology featuring proteomics and glycoproteomics to analyze six primary lung SqCCs and eleven ADCs, and we compared the expression level of proteins and glycoproteins in tumors using quantitative proteomics. Glycoproteins were analyzed by enrichment using a chemoenzymatic method, solid-phase extraction of glycopeptides, and quantified by iTRAQ-LC–MS/MS. Protein quantitation was further annotated via Ingenuity Pathway Analysis. Results Over 6000 global proteins and 480 glycoproteins were quantitatively identified in both SqCC and ADC. ADC proteins (8337) consisted of enzymes (22.11%), kinases (5.11%), transcription factors (6.85%), transporters (6.79%), and peptidases (3.30%). SqCC proteins (6967) had a very similar distribution. The identified glycoproteins, in order of relative abundance, included membrane (42%) and extracellular matrix (>33%) glycoproteins. Oncogene-coded proteins (82) increased 1.5-fold among 1047 oncogenes identified in ADC, while 124 proteins from SqCC were up-regulated in tumor tissues among a total of 827 proteins. We identified 680 and 563 tumor suppressor genes from ADC and SqCC, respectively. Conclusion Our systematic analysis of proteins and glycoproteins demonstrates changes of protein and glycoprotein relative abundance in SqCC (TP53, U2AF1, and RXR) and in ADC (SMARCA4, NOTCH1, PTEN, and MST1). Among them, eleven glycoproteins were upregulated in both ADC and SqCC. Two glycoproteins (ELANE and IGFBP3) were only increased in SqCC, and six glycoproteins (ACAN, LAMC2, THBS1, LTBP1, PSAP and COL1A2) were increased in ADC. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) showed that several crucial pathways were activated in SqCC and ADC tumor tissues. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12014-017-9166-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Yang
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Smith Bldg 4013, 400 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA
| | - Lijun Chen
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Smith Bldg 4013, 400 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA
| | - Daniel W Chan
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Smith Bldg 4013, 400 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA
| | - Qing Kay Li
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Smith Bldg 4013, 400 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Smith Bldg 4013, 400 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Wang LL, Chen ZS, Zhou WD, Shu J, Wang XH, Jin R, Zhuang LL, Hoda MA, Zhang H, Zhou GP. Down-regulated GATA-1 up-regulates interferon regulatory factor 3 in lung adenocarcinoma. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2551. [PMID: 28566697 PMCID: PMC5451405 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02700-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF-3) is widely known for its prompt response against viral infection by activating the interferon system. We previously reported that E2F1, Sp1 and Sp3 regulated transcriptional activity of IRF-3. Recently, different expression patterns of IRF-3 were found in lung cancer, leading to the alternation of the immunomodulatory function in tumorigenesis. However, the mechanism of transcriptional regulation of IRF-3 in lung cancer has not been extensively studied. Here, we investigated the characterization of IRF-3 promoter and found that GATA-1 bound to a specific domain of IRF-3 promoter in vitro and in vivo. We found elevated IRF-3 and decreased GATA-1 gene expression in lung adenocarcinoma in Oncomine database. Additionally, higher IRF-3 gene expression was observed in human lung adenocarcinoma, accompanied by aberrant GATA-1 protein expression. We further analyzed the relationship of GATA-1 and IRF-3 expression in lung adenocarcinoma cell lines and found that inhibition of GATA-1 by siRNA increased the promoter activity, mRNA and protein levels of IRF-3, while over-expression of GATA-1 down-regulated IRF-3 gene expression. Taken together, we conclude that reduced GATA-1 could be responsible for the upregulation of IRF-3 in lung adenocarcinoma cells through binding with a specific domain of IRF-3 promoter.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Lu Wang
- Dpartment of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zheng-Sen Chen
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wen-Di Zhou
- Dpartment of Pediatrics, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jin Shu
- Department of Pediatric Respiration, Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiao-Hua Wang
- Dpartment of Pediatrics, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Rui Jin
- Dpartment of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Li-Li Zhuang
- Dpartment of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Mir Alireza Hoda
- Translational Thoracic Oncology Laboratory, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Guo-Ping Zhou
- Dpartment of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Oncogene KRAS activates fatty acid synthase, resulting in specific ERK and lipid signatures associated with lung adenocarcinoma. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:4300-4305. [PMID: 28400509 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1617709114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
KRAS gene mutation causes lung adenocarcinoma. KRAS activation has been associated with altered glucose and glutamine metabolism. Here, we show that KRAS activates lipogenesis, and this activation results in distinct proteomic and lipid signatures. By gene expression analysis, KRAS is shown to be associated with a lipogenesis gene signature and specific induction of fatty acid synthase (FASN). Through desorption electrospray ionization MS imaging (DESI-MSI), specific changes in lipogenesis and specific lipids are identified. By the nanoimmunoassay (NIA), KRAS is found to activate the protein ERK2, whereas ERK1 activation is found in non-KRAS-associated human lung tumors. The inhibition of FASN by cerulenin, a small molecule antibiotic, blocked cellular proliferation of KRAS-associated lung cancer cells. Hence, KRAS is associated with activation of ERK2, induction of FASN, and promotion of lipogenesis. FASN may be a unique target for KRAS-associated lung adenocarcinoma remediation.
Collapse
|
39
|
Abstract
Proteases play an important role in health and disease of the lung. In the normal lungs, proteases maintain their homeostatic functions that regulate processes like its regeneration and repair. Dysregulation of proteases–antiproteases balance is crucial in the manifestation of different types of lung diseases. Chronic inflammatory lung pathologies are associated with a marked increase in protease activities. Thus, in addition to protease activities, inhibition of anti-proteolytic control mechanisms are also important for effective microbial infection and inflammation in the lung. Herein, we briefly summarize the role of different proteases and to some extent antiproteases in regulating a variety of lung diseases.
Collapse
|
40
|
Kanwal M, Ding XJ, Cao Y. Familial risk for lung cancer. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:535-542. [PMID: 28356926 PMCID: PMC5351216 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.5518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer, which has a low survival rate, is a leading cause of cancer-associated mortality worldwide. Smoking and air pollution are the major causes of lung cancer; however, numerous studies have demonstrated that genetic factors also contribute to the development of lung cancer. A family history of lung cancer increases the risk for the disease in both smokers and never-smokers. This review focuses on familial lung cancer, in particular on the familial aggregation of lung cancer. The development of familial lung cancer involves shared environmental and genetic factors among family members. Familial lung cancer represents a good model for investigating the association between environmental and genetic factors, as well as for identifying susceptibility genes for lung cancer. In addition, studies on familial lung cancer may help to elucidate the etiology and mechanism of lung cancer, and may identify novel biomarkers for early detection and diagnosis, targeted therapy and improved prevention strategies. This review presents the aetiology and molecular biology of lung cancer and then systematically introduces and discusses several aspects of familial lung cancer, including the characteristics of familial lung cancer, population-based studies on familial lung cancer and the genetics of familial lung cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madiha Kanwal
- Laboratory of Molecular and Experimental Pathology, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, P.R. China
- Kunming College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Ji Ding
- Laboratory of Molecular and Experimental Pathology, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, P.R. China
| | - Yi Cao
- Laboratory of Molecular and Experimental Pathology, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Abstract
The aim of future research in this area is to provide the mechanistic understanding and the tools for effective prevention, early diagnosis, and therapy of lung cancer. With the established causal link between cigarette smoking and the risk of developing lung cancer, the most effective prevention is certainly not to smoke. A much better mechanistic understanding of lung cancer and its variability will support the development and evaluation of potentially reduced risk products for those who maintain smoking as well as for the development of early diagnostic tools and targeted therapies. Because of the complexity of lung cancer and the long duration for its development, nonclinical and clinical research efforts need to complement each other. Recent promising advances in this research area are the understanding of the interaction between genotoxic and epigenetic effects of smoking, the development of laboratory animal models for lung tumorigenesis by smoke inhalation, the unraveling of molecular pathways and signatures in clinical lung cancer research useful for developing diagnostic tools and therapeutic approaches, and the first successful therapy for lung cancer—although less suitable for smokers. The above—in combination with emerging data sets from explorative non-clinical and clinical studies as well as improved modeling approaches—are setting the stage for accelerated progress towards developing successful early diagnostic tools and therapies as well as for the assessment of new consumer products with potentially reduced risk.
Collapse
|
42
|
Gu S, Zhang R, Gu J, Li X, Lv L, Jiang J, Xu Z, Wang S, Shi C, Wang DP, Wu C. HES5 promotes cellular proliferation of non-small cell lung cancer through STAT3 signaling. Oncol Rep 2016; 37:474-482. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.5268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
|
43
|
Di Paolo A, Del Re M, Petrini I, Altavilla G, Danesi R. Recent advances in epigenomics in NSCLC: real-time detection and therapeutic implications. Epigenomics 2016; 8:1151-67. [PMID: 27479016 DOI: 10.2217/epi.16.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
NSCLC is an aggressive disease with one of the poorer prognosis among cancers. The disappointing response to chemotherapy drives the search for genetic biomarkers aimed at both attaining an earlier diagnosis and choosing the most appropriate chemotherapy. In this scenario, epigenomic markers, such as DNA methylation, histone acetylation and the expression of noncoding RNAs, have been demonstrated to be reliable for the stratification of NSCLC patients. Newest techniques with increased sensitivity and the isolation of nucleic acids from plasma may allow an early diagnosis and then monitoring the efficacy over time. However, prospective confirmatory studies are still lacking. This article presents an overview of the epigenetic markers evaluated in NSCLC and discusses the role of their real-time detection in the clinical management of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonello Di Paolo
- Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Marzia Del Re
- Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Iacopo Petrini
- Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Altavilla
- Department of Human Pathology, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria 1, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Romano Danesi
- Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Sławińska-Brych A, Zdzisińska B, Dmoszyńska-Graniczka M, Jeleniewicz W, Kurzepa J, Gagoś M, Stepulak A. Xanthohumol inhibits the extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK) signalling pathway and suppresses cell growth of lung adenocarcinoma cells. Toxicology 2016; 357-358:65-73. [PMID: 27317025 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2016.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2016] [Revised: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant activation of the Ras/MEK/ERK signaling pathway has been frequently observed in non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) and its important role in cancer progression and malignant transformation has been documented. Hence, the ERK1/2 kinase cascade becomes a potential molecular target in cancer treatment. Xanthohumol (XN, a prenylated chalcone derived from hope cones) is known to possess a broad spectrum of chemopreventive and anticancer activities. In our studies, the MTT and BrdU assays revealed that XN demonstrated greater antiproliferative activity against A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells than against the lung adenocarcinoma H1563 cell line. We observed that XN was able to suppress the activities of ERK1/2 and p90RSK kinases, followed by inhibition of phosphorylation and activation of the CREB protein. Additionally, the XN treatment of the cancer cells caused upregulation of key cell cycle regulators p53 and p21 as well as downregulation of cyclin D1. As a result, the cytotoxic effect of XN was attributed to the cell cycle arrest at G1 phase and induction of apoptosis indicated by increased caspase-3 activity. Thus, XN might be a promising anticancer drug candidate against lung carcinomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adrianna Sławińska-Brych
- Department of Cell Biology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Barbara Zdzisińska
- Department of Virology and Immunology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Witold Jeleniewicz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Jacek Kurzepa
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Mariusz Gagoś
- Department of Cell Biology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
| | - Andrzej Stepulak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Iwama E, Okamoto I, Yabuuchi H, Takayama K, Harada T, Matsuo Y, Tokunaga S, Baba E, Nakanishi Y. Characteristics of Smoking Patients with Lung Cancer with Emphysematous Bullae. J Thorac Oncol 2016; 11:1586-90. [PMID: 27164304 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2016.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Emphysema is thought to be a risk factor for lung cancer in smokers, with emphysematous bullae (EBs), which are believed to have the potential to give rise to lung cancer. The clinical characteristics of patients with lung cancer with EBs have remained incompletely defined, however. METHODS A total of 488 patients with primary lung cancer with or without EBs as detected by computed tomography were studied retrospectively, and the regional relationship between EBs and the primary cancer was evaluated. RESULTS EBs were detected in 45 of the 488 patients with lung cancer (9.2%) (in 45 of 339 smokers [13.3%] versus in 0 of 149 never-smokers [0%]). The frequency of lung cancer in an upper lobe was significantly higher in smokers with EBs than in those without EBs (71.1% versus 47.3%, p = 0.0107). The lobar site of primary lung cancer in smokers with EBs was significantly associated with that of the EBs (p < 0.0001). Most primary lung cancers (86.7%) in such patients were found in the area adjoining EBs. Smoking patients with lung cancer with EBs were significantly younger (63.6 versus 67.7 years, p = 0.0179) and had tumors with a lower frequency of epidermal growth factor gene (EGFR) mutations (3.8% versus 24.2%, p = 0.0184) compared with those without EBs. CONCLUSIONS The clinical characteristics of smoking patients with lung cancer differ according to the absence or presence of EBs, with patients with EBs being potentially more susceptible to the carcinogenic effects of cigarette smoke. Further analysis of genetic alterations is warranted to elucidate the mechanism of carcinogenesis for lung cancer associated with EBs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eiji Iwama
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Comprehensive Clinical Oncology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Isamu Okamoto
- Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Hidetake Yabuuchi
- Department of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Koichi Takayama
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Taishi Harada
- Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshio Matsuo
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shoji Tokunaga
- Medical Information Center, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Eishi Baba
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Comprehensive Clinical Oncology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoichi Nakanishi
- Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Lui NS, Yang YW, van Zante A, Buchanan P, Jablons DM, Lemjabbar-Alaoui H. SULF2 Expression Is a Potential Diagnostic and Prognostic Marker in Lung Cancer. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0148911. [PMID: 26882224 PMCID: PMC4755530 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Lung cancer is one of the most deadly cancers; median survival from diagnosis is less than one year in those with advanced disease. Novel lung cancer biomarkers are desperately needed. In this study, we evaluated SULF2 expression by immunohistochemistry and its association with overall survival in a cohort of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We also looked for the presence of SULF2 protein in plasma to evaluate its potential as an early detection biomarker for NSCLC. METHODS We identified patients who underwent surgical resection for pulmonary adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma at our institution. A section from each paraffin-embedded specimen was stained with a SULF2 antibody. A pathologist determined the percentage and intensity of tumor cell staining. Survival analysis was performed using a multivariate Cox proportional hazards model. Using a novel SULF2 ELISA assay, we analyzed plasma levels of SULF2 in a small cohort of healthy donors and patients with early stage NSCLC. RESULTS SULF2 staining was present in 82% of the lung cancer samples. Squamous cell carcinomas had a higher mean percentage of staining than adenocarcinomas (100% vs. 60%; p<0.0005). After adjusting for age, sex, race, histologic type, stage, and neoadjuvant therapy, there was a non-significant (31%; p = 0.65) increase in the risk of death for patients with adenocarcinoma with SULF2 staining in tumor cells. In contrast, there was a significant decrease in the risk of death (89%; p = 0.02) for patients with squamous cell carcinoma with SULF2 staining in tumor cells. SULF2 protein was present in plasma of patients with early stage NSCLC, and soluble SULF2 levels increased with age. Finally, plasma SULF2 levels were significantly elevated in early stage NSCLC patients, compared to healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS Tumor expression of SULF2 may affect prognosis in NSCLC, while blood SULF2 levels may have a significant role in the diagnosis of this fatal disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalie S. Lui
- Thoracic Oncology Program, Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Yi-Wei Yang
- Thoracic Oncology Program, Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Annemieke van Zante
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Petra Buchanan
- Thoracic Oncology Program, Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - David M. Jablons
- Thoracic Oncology Program, Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Hassan Lemjabbar-Alaoui
- Thoracic Oncology Program, Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Huang QM, Zeng YM, Zhang HP, Lv LC, Yang DY, Lin HH. 4-Nitroquinoline-1-oxide effects human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells by regulating the expression of POLD4. Biomed Rep 2016; 4:345-348. [PMID: 26998273 DOI: 10.3892/br.2016.583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to explore the expression of POLD4 in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells under 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4NQO) stimulation to investigate the role of POLD4 in smoking-induced lung cancer. The lung cancer A549 cell line was treated with 4NQO, with or without MG132 (an inhibitor of proteasome activity), and subsequently the POLD4 level was determined by western blot analysis. Secondly, the cell sensitivity to 4NQO and Taxol was determined when the POLD4 expression level was downregulated by siRNA. The POLD4 protein levels in the A549 cells decreased following treatment with 4NQO; however, MG132 could reverse this phenotype. Downregulation of the POLD4 expression by siRNA enhanced A549 cell sensitivity to 4NQO, but not to Taxol. In conclusion, 4NQO affects human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells by regulating the expression of POLD4.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qin-Miao Huang
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Ming Zeng
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, P.R. China
| | - Hua-Ping Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, P.R. China
| | - Liang-Chao Lv
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, P.R. China
| | - Dong-Yong Yang
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, P.R. China
| | - Hui-Huang Lin
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Herceg Z. Epigenetic Mechanisms as an Interface Between the Environment and Genome. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 903:3-15. [PMID: 27343085 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4899-7678-9_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in epigenetics have had tremendous impact on our thinking and understanding of biological phenomena and the impact of environmental stressors on complex diseases, notably cancer. Environmental and lifestyle factors are thought to be implicated in the development of a wide range of human cancers by eliciting epigenetic changes, however, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Epigenetic mechanisms can be viewed as an interface between the genome and environmental influence, therefore aberrant epigenetic events associated with environmental stressors and factors in the cell microenvironment are likely to play an important role in the onset and progression of different human malignancies. At the cellular level, aberrant epigenetic events influence critical cellular events (such as gene expression, carcinogen detoxification, DNA repair, and cell cycle), which are further modulated by risk factor exposures and thus may define the severity/subtype of cancer. This review summarizes recent progress in our understanding of the epigenetic mechanisms through which environmental stressors and endogenous factors may promote tumor development and progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zdenko Herceg
- Epigenetics Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Peng YG, Zhang ZQ, Chen YB, Huang JA. Rap2b promotes proliferation, migration, and invasion of lung cancer cells. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2015; 36:459-64. [PMID: 26671640 DOI: 10.3109/10799893.2015.1122044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Rap2b, a member of the guanosine triphosphate-binding proteins, is widely up-regulated in many types of tumors. However, the functional role of Rap2b in tumorigenesis of lung cancer remains to be fully elucidated. In this study, we investigated the effect of Rap2b on the lung cancer malignant phenotype, such as cell proliferation and metastasis. We found that Rap2b could promote the abilities of lung cancer cell wound healing, migration, and invasion via increasing matrix metalloproteinase-2 enzyme activity. Furthermore, Rap2b overexpression could increase the phosphorylation level of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1/2. In conclusion, our results suggested that Rap2b may be a potential therapeutic target for lung cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Gen Peng
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine , The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University , Suzhou , China and.,b Department of Emergency , Huai'an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical College and Huai'an Second People's Hospital , Huai'an , China
| | - Zheng-Qun Zhang
- b Department of Emergency , Huai'an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical College and Huai'an Second People's Hospital , Huai'an , China
| | - Yan-Bin Chen
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine , The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University , Suzhou , China and
| | - Jian-An Huang
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine , The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University , Suzhou , China and
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Singh TD, Gupta S, Shrivastav BR, Tiwari PK. Epigenetic profiling of gallbladder cancer and gall stone diseases: Evaluation of role of tumour associated genes. Gene 2015; 576:743-52. [PMID: 26456195 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Revised: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As on today, the global mortality rate of gallbladder cancer is still very high. Both genetic and epigenetic alterations play pivotal roles in the development of cancer. We selected seven tumour associated genes, implicated in other cancers, to assess their methylation status in gallbladder cancer and gallstone diseases. AIM OF STUDY To study the promoter methylation of certain tumour associated genes in the molecular pathogenesis of gallbladder cancer and gall stone diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS Methylation specific PCR for seven tumour associated genes, viz., MASPIN, 14-3-3 sigma gene, THBS1, FLNC, HLTF, COX-2 and SOCS1, was performed in 50 gallbladder cancer (GBC), 30 gall stone diseases (GSD) and their respective adjacent control tissues. Semi-quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry was carried out to check the expression level. Student's t-test was carried out to compare the differences in the methylation and expression patterns between cases and control tissues. RESULTS We observed methylation of CpG islands in seven of the studied markers, but, the frequency of methylation was found varying among different samples. Of them, 14-33 sigma showed methylation in 45 GBC (90%; p=0.0001) and 25 GSD (86.66%; p=0.001), MASPIN in 35 GBC (70%; p=0.0008) and 18 GSD (51.43%; p=0.040), FLNC in 16 GBC (32%; p=0.0044) and 9 GSD (25.71%; p=ns), THBS1 in 26 GBC (52%; p=0.0009) and 10 GSD (28.57%; p=0.0505), HLTF in 8 GBC (16%; p=ns) and 2 GSD (5.71%; p=ns), COX2 in 10 GBC (20%; p=ns) and 6 GSD (17.14%; p=ns) and SOCS-1 in 3 GBC samples only (6%; p=ns), but not in GSD. Semi-quantitative PCR revealed down regulation in MASPIN, 14-3-3 sigma, THBS1, HLTF, COX2 and SOCS1 in advanced gallbladder cases. Immunohistochemistry further confirmed the down-regulation of SOCS1 in GBC. CONCLUSION The present study infers that accumulation of epigenetic alterations increases poor prognosis of GBC patients. Out of seven genes, MASPIN and THBS1 play key epigenetic role in GBC, but not in GSD. The reason for downregulation of SOCS1 only in GBC, and unaltered expression of 14-3-3 sigma protein in all the GBC and GSD tissue samples is not clear. Further investigation on the expression pattern of these genes in GBC cell lines may elucidate their likely functional role in in association with gallbladder cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tekcham Dinesh Singh
- Centre for Genomics, Molecular and Human Genetics, Jiwaji University, Gwalior 474 011 MP, India
| | - Sanjeev Gupta
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Hospital and Research Institute, Gwalior 474 007 MP, India
| | - Braj Raj Shrivastav
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Cancer Hospital and Research Institute, Gwalior 474 007 MP, India
| | - Pramod Kumar Tiwari
- Centre for Genomics, Molecular and Human Genetics, Jiwaji University, Gwalior 474 011 MP, India.
| |
Collapse
|