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Bozgeyik E, Elek A, Gocer Z, Bozgeyik I. The fate and function of non-coding RNAs during necroptosis. Epigenomics 2024:1-15. [PMID: 38884366 DOI: 10.1080/17501911.2024.2354653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Necroptosis is a novel form of cell death which is activated when apoptotic cell death signals are disrupted. Accumulating body of observations suggests that noncoding RNAs, which are the lately discovered mystery of the human genome, are significantly associated with necroptotic signaling circuitry. The fate and function of miRNAs have been well documented in human disease, especially cancer. Recently, lncRNAs have gained much attention due to their diverse regulatory functions. Although available studies are currently based on bioinformatic analysis, predicted interactions desires further attention, as these hold significant promise and should not be overlooked. In the light of these, here we comprehensively review and discuss noncoding RNA molecules that play significant roles during execution of necroptotic cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Bozgeyik
- Department of Medical Services & Techniques, Vocational School of Health Services, Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey
| | - Alperen Elek
- Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Zekihan Gocer
- Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Bozgeyik
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey
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2
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Fu J, Lin J, Dai Z, Lin B, Zhang J. Hypoxia-associated autophagy flux dysregulation in human cancers. Cancer Lett 2024; 590:216823. [PMID: 38521197 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
A general feature of cancer is hypoxia, determined as low oxygen levels. Low oxygen levels may cause cells to alter in ways that contribute to tumor growth and resistance to treatment. Hypoxia leads to variations in cancer cell metabolism, angiogenesis and metastasis. Furthermore, a hypoxic tumor microenvironment might induce immunosuppression. Moreover, hypoxia has the potential to impact cellular processes, such as autophagy. Autophagy refers to the catabolic process by which damaged organelles and toxic macromolecules are broken down. The abnormal activation of autophagy has been extensively recorded in human tumors and it serves as a regulator of cell growth, spread to other parts of the body, and resistance to treatment. There is a correlation between hypoxia and autophagy in human malignancies. Hypoxia can regulate the activity of AMPK, mTOR, Beclin-1, and ATGs to govern autophagy in human malignancies. Furthermore, HIF-1α, serving as an indicator of low oxygen levels, controls the process of autophagy. Hypoxia-induced autophagy has a crucial role in regulating the growth, spread, and resistance to treatment in human malignancies. Hypoxia-induced regulation of autophagy can impact other mechanisms of cell death, such as apoptosis. Chemoresistance and radioresistance have become significant challenges in recent years. Hypoxia-mediated autophagy plays a crucial role in determining the response to these therapeutic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiding Fu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510095, China
| | - Jie Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510095, China
| | - Zili Dai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510095, China
| | - Baisheng Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510095, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510095, China.
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Chen H, Zhu Y, Zhang C, Hu L, Yang K. Engineered bacteria in tumor immunotherapy. Cancer Lett 2024; 589:216817. [PMID: 38492769 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
As the limitations of cancer immunotherapy become increasingly apparent, there is considerable anticipation regarding the utilization of biological tools to enhance treatment efficacy, particularly bacteria and their derivatives. Leveraging advances in genetic and synthetic biology technologies, engineered bacteria now play important roles far beyond those of conventional immunoregulatory agents, and they could function as tumor-targeting vehicles and in situ pharmaceutical factories. In recent years, these engineered bacteria play a role in almost every aspect of immunotherapy. It is nothing short of impressive to keep seeing different strain of bacteria modified in diverse ways for unique immunological enhancement. In this review, we have scrutinized the intricate interplay between the immune system and these engineered bacteria. These interactions generate strategies that can directly or indirectly optimize immunotherapy and even modulate the effects of combination therapies. Collectively, these engineered bacteria present a promising novel therapeutic strategy that promises to change the current landscape of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X) and Collaborative Innovation Centre of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yinrui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X) and Collaborative Innovation Centre of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Chonghai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X) and Collaborative Innovation Centre of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Lin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X) and Collaborative Innovation Centre of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, 215123, China.
| | - Kai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X) and Collaborative Innovation Centre of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, 215123, China.
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Bayram D, Özgöçmen M, Çelik DA, Sarman E, Sevimli M. Does Boric Acid Inhibit Cell Proliferation on MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 Cells in Monolayer and Spheroid Cultures by Using Apoptosis Pathways? Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:2008-2021. [PMID: 37572183 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03810-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Most breast cancers originate in the lobules or ducts of the breast. Breast cancer as the second main cause of death among women in the world is the most common kind of cancer in women. Studies have been conducted to find the optimal treatment for breast cancer. Moreover, the therapeutic effects of different drugs and substances on this disease have been intensively researched. Boric acid accounts for 96% of the boron content in body fluids, and its derivatives are absorbed by the human body. It is assumed to be represented as (B(OH)2). Experimental studies have shown a reduction of cell proliferation and stimulation of apoptosis in some melanoma, prostate, and colon cancer cell lines through boric acid. The aim of this study was to investigate if boric acid could be used for treating breast cancer. The impacts of boric acid on the human breast carcinoma cell lines MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 were studied with TUNEL, BrdU, caspase-3, and endo-G immunohistochemical studies in 3D and 2D culture systems. Furthermore, we conducted a qRT-PCR study to show changes in the expression of some genes involved in apoptosis. Suppression of cell proliferation through boric acid-inducing apoptosis was observed both in 3D and 2D culture conditions. These results are compatible with the gene expression results. The ENDOG, CASP3, CASP8, and CASP9 gene expression significantly changed at all time intervals in MCF-7 and MD-MB-231 cell lines boric acid can potentially treat breast cancer as an anti-cancer agent candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilek Bayram
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey.
| | - Meltem Özgöçmen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Dilek Aşcı Çelik
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Emine Sarman
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Afyon, Turkey
| | - Murat Sevimli
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
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Abstract
Regulated cell death mediated by dedicated molecular machines, known as programmed cell death, plays important roles in health and disease. Apoptosis, necroptosis and pyroptosis are three such programmed cell death modalities. The caspase family of cysteine proteases serve as key regulators of programmed cell death. During apoptosis, a cascade of caspase activation mediates signal transduction and cellular destruction, whereas pyroptosis occurs when activated caspases cleave gasdermins, which can then form pores in the plasma membrane. Necroptosis, a form of caspase-independent programmed necrosis mediated by RIPK3 and MLKL, is inhibited by caspase-8-mediated cleavage of RIPK1. Disruption of cellular homeostatic mechanisms that are essential for cell survival, such as normal ionic and redox balance and lysosomal flux, can also induce cell death without invoking programmed cell death mechanisms. Excitotoxicity, ferroptosis and lysosomal cell death are examples of such cell death modes. In this Review, we provide an overview of the major cell death mechanisms, highlighting the latest insights into their complex regulation and execution, and their relevance to human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junying Yuan
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Aging Studies, Shanghai, China.
| | - Dimitry Ofengeim
- Sanofi, Rare and Neurological Diseases Research, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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Lim ES, Lee SE, Park MJ, Han DH, Lee HB, Ryu B, Kim EY, Park SP. Piperine improves the quality of porcine oocytes by reducing oxidative stress. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 213:1-10. [PMID: 38159890 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.12.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Oxidative stress caused by light and high temperature arises during in vitro maturation (IVM), resulting in low-quality embryos compared with those obtained in vivo. To overcome this problem, we investigated the influence of piperine (PIP) treatment during maturation of porcine oocytes on subsequent embryo development in vitro. Porcine oocytes were cultured in IVM medium supplemented with 0, 50, 100, 200, or 400 μM PIP. After parthenogenetic activation, the blastocyst (BL) formation was significantly higher and the apoptosis rate was significantly lower using 200 μM PIP-treated oocytes (200 PIP). In the 200 PIP group, the level of reactive oxygen species at the metaphase II stage was decreased, accompanied by an increased level of glutathione and increased expression of antioxidant processes (Nrf2, CAT, HO-1, SOD1, and SOD2). Consistently, chromosome misalignment and aberrant spindle organization were alleviated and phosphorylated p44/42 mitogen-activated protein kinase activity was increased in the 200 PIP group. Expression of development-related (CDX2, NANOG, POU5F1, and SOX2), anti-apoptotic (BCL2L1 and BIRC5), and pro-apoptotic (BAK, FAS, and CASP3) processes was altered in the 200 PIP group. Ultimately, embryo development was improved in the 200 PIP group following somatic cell nuclear transfer. These findings suggest that PIP improves the quality of porcine oocytes by reducing oxidative stress, which inevitably arises via IVM. In-depth mechanistic studies of porcine oocytes will improve the efficiencies of assisted reproductive technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Seo Lim
- Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehak-ro, Jeju, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, 63243, South Korea; Stem Cell Research Center, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehak-ro, Jeju, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, 63243, South Korea
| | - Seung-Eun Lee
- Department of Bio Medical Informatics, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehak-ro, Jeju, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, 63243, South Korea; Cronex Co., 110 Hwangtalli-gil, Gangnae-myeon, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, 28174, South Korea
| | - Min-Jee Park
- Stem Cell Research Center, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehak-ro, Jeju, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, 63243, South Korea
| | - Dong-Hun Han
- Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehak-ro, Jeju, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, 63243, South Korea; Stem Cell Research Center, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehak-ro, Jeju, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, 63243, South Korea
| | - Han-Bi Lee
- Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehak-ro, Jeju, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, 63243, South Korea; Stem Cell Research Center, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehak-ro, Jeju, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, 63243, South Korea
| | - Bokyeong Ryu
- Stem Cell Research Center, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehak-ro, Jeju, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, 63243, South Korea; Department of Bio Medical Informatics, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehak-ro, Jeju, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, 63243, South Korea
| | - Eun-Young Kim
- Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehak-ro, Jeju, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, 63243, South Korea; Stem Cell Research Center, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehak-ro, Jeju, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, 63243, South Korea; Mirae Cell Bio, 1502 isbiz-tower 147, Seongsui-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04795, South Korea
| | - Se-Pill Park
- Stem Cell Research Center, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehak-ro, Jeju, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, 63243, South Korea; Department of Bio Medical Informatics, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehak-ro, Jeju, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, 63243, South Korea; Mirae Cell Bio, 1502 isbiz-tower 147, Seongsui-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04795, South Korea.
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Raja K, Kallem P, Chinnasamy A. Chemotherapeutic and Antiproliferative Effect of Purified Protein from Marine Catfish Tachysurus Dussumieri on Human Colon Cancer Cell Line. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024; 82:247-257. [PMID: 38183602 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-023-01209-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the purified protein from the epidermal mucus of marine catfish Tachysurus dussumieri on the human colon cancer cell line. The bioactive protein was purified with the Anion exchange chromatography and the collected fractions were then tested to assess cell viability in HT 29 cells through the MTT assay. The most responding active purified protein fraction (PPF III) was characterized with the MALDI-TOF/MS it shared a similar homology and sequence with 90% of antimicrobial peptides from external secretions of amphibians. Typical morphological changes of apoptotic cells, including cell shrinkage and detachment, DNA damage, and nuclear condensation were observed after the treatment of bioactive protein. PPF III triggered ROS, increasing the LDH activity, disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential, and upregulation of Cleaved caspase 3/9, Cytochrome-c, Bax, and downregulation of Bcl-2 protein and gene expression on HT 29 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavitha Raja
- Department of Zoology, University of Madras, Life Science, Guindy Campus, Chennai, 600025, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Parashuram Kallem
- Department of Environmental and Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Abu Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 59911, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Arulvasu Chinnasamy
- Department of Zoology, University of Madras, Life Science, Guindy Campus, Chennai, 600025, Tamilnadu, India.
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Fang X, Tiwary R, Nguyen VP, Richburg JH. Responses of peritubular macrophages and the testis transcriptome profiles of peripubertal and adult rodents exposed to an acute dose of MEHP. Toxicol Sci 2024; 198:76-85. [PMID: 38113427 PMCID: PMC10901151 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfad128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure of rodents to mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP) is known to disrupt the blood-testis barrier and cause testicular germ cell apoptosis. Peritubular macrophages (PTMφ) are a newly identified type of testicular macrophage that aggregates near the spermatogonial stem cell niche. We have previously reported that MEHP exposure increased the numbers of PTMφs by 6-fold within the testis of peripubertal rats. The underlying mechanism(s) accounting for this change in PTMφs and its biological significance is unknown. This study investigates if MEHP-induced alterations in PTMφs occur in rodents (PND 75 adult rats and PND 26 peripubertal mice) that are known to be less sensitive to MEHP-induced testicular toxicity. Results show that adult rats have a 2-fold higher basal level of PTMφ numbers than species-matched peripubertal animals, but there was no significant increase in PTMφ numbers after MEHP exposure. Peripubertal mice have a 5-fold higher basal level of PTMφ compared with peripubertal rats but did not exhibit increases in number after MEHP exposure. Further, the interrogation of the testis transcriptome was profiled from both the MEHP-responsive peripubertal rats and the less sensitive rodents via 3' Tag sequencing. Significant changes in gene expression were observed in peripubertal rats after MEHP exposure. However, adult rats showed lesser changes in gene expression, and peripubertal mice showed only minor changes. Collectively, the data show that PTMφ numbers are associated with the sensitivity of rodents to MEHP in an age- and species-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Fang
- Interdisciplinary Life Sciences Graduate Program, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Center for Molecular Carcinogenesis and Toxicology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Richa Tiwary
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Center for Molecular Carcinogenesis and Toxicology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Vivian P Nguyen
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Center for Molecular Carcinogenesis and Toxicology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - John H Richburg
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Center for Molecular Carcinogenesis and Toxicology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
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O’Neill EJ, Sze NSK, MacPherson REK, Tsiani E. Carnosic Acid against Lung Cancer: Induction of Autophagy and Activation of Sestrin-2/LKB1/AMPK Signalling. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1950. [PMID: 38396629 PMCID: PMC10888478 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25041950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) represents 80% of all lung cancer cases and is characterized by low survival rates due to chemotherapy and radiation resistance. Novel treatment strategies for NSCLC are urgently needed. Liver kinase B1 (LKB1), a tumor suppressor prevalently mutated in NSCLC, activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) which in turn inhibits mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) and activates unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1 (ULK1) to promote autophagy. Sestrin-2 is a stress-induced protein that enhances LKB1-dependent activation of AMPK, functioning as a tumor suppressor in NSCLC. In previous studies, rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) extract (RE) activated the AMPK pathway while inhibiting mTORC1 to suppress proliferation, survival, and migration, leading to the apoptosis of NSCLC cells. In the present study, we investigated the anticancer potential of carnosic acid (CA), a bioactive polyphenolic diterpene compound found in RE. The treatment of H1299 and H460 NSCLC cells with CA resulted in concentration and time-dependent inhibition of cell proliferation assessed with crystal violet staining and 3H-thymidine incorporation, and concentration-dependent inhibition of survival, assessed using a colony formation assay. Additionally, CA induced apoptosis of H1299 cells as indicated by decreased B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) levels, increased cleaved caspase-3, -7, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), Bcl-2-associated X protein (BAX) levels, and increased nuclear condensation. These antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects coincided with the upregulation of sestrin-2 and the phosphorylation/activation of LKB1 and AMPK. Downstream of AMPK signaling, CA increased levels of autophagy marker light chain 3 (LC3), an established marker of autophagy; inhibiting autophagy with 3-methyladenine (3MA) blocked the antiproliferative effect of CA. Overall, these data indicate that CA can inhibit NSCLC cell viability and that the underlying mechanism of action of CA involves the induction of autophagy through a Sestrin-2/LKB1/AMPK signaling cascade. Future experiments will use siRNA and small molecule inhibitors to better elucidate the role of these signaling molecules in the mechanism of action of CA as well as tumor xenograft models to assess the anticancer properties of CA in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Evangelia Tsiani
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada; (E.J.O.); (N.S.K.S.); (R.E.K.M.)
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Pereira THR, de Moura TR, Santos MRM, Zamarioli LDS, Erustes AG, Smaili SS, Pereira GJS, Godoy Netto AVD, Bincoletto C. Palladium (II) compounds containing oximes as promising antitumor agents for the treatment of osteosarcoma: An in vitro and in vivo comparative study with cisplatin. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 264:116034. [PMID: 38103541 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.116034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Drug resistance, evasion of cell death and metastasis are factors that contribute to the low cure rate and disease-free survival in osteosarcomas (OS). In this study, we demonstrated that a new class of oxime-containing organometallic complexes called Pd-BPO (O3) and Pd-BMO (O4) are more cytotoxic than cisplatin (CDDP) for SaOS-2 and U2OS cells using the MTT assay. Annexin-FITC/7-AAD staining demonstrated a greater potential for palladium-oxime complexes to induce death in SaOS-2 cells than CDDP, an event confirmed using the pan-caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK. Compared to CDDP, only palladium-oxime complexes eradicated the clonogenicity of SaOS-2 cells after 7 days of treatment. The involvement of the lysosome-mitochondria axis in the cell death-inducing properties of the complexes was also evaluated. Using LysoTracker Red to label the acidic organelles of SaOS-2 cells treated with the O3 and O4 complexes, a decrease in the fluorescence intensity of this probe was observed in relation to CDDP and the control. Lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) was also induced by the O3 and O4 complexes in an assay using acridine orange (A/O). The greater efficiency of the complexes in depolarizing the mitochondrial membrane compared to SaOS-2 cells treated with CDDP was also observed using TMRE (tetramethyl rhodamine, ethyl ester). For in vivo studies, C. elegans was used and demonstrated that both complexes reduce body bends and pharyngeal pumping after 24 h of treatment to the same extent as CDDP. We conclude that both palladium-oxime complexes are more effective than CDDP in inducing tumor cell death. The toxicity of these complexes to C. elegans was like that induced by CDDP. These results encourage preclinical studies aimed at developing more effective drugs for the treatment of osteosarcoma (OS). Furthermore, we propose palladium-oxime complexes as a new class of antineoplastic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thales Hebert Regiani Pereira
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Michele Rosana Maia Santos
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Lucas Dos Santos Zamarioli
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Adolfo G Erustes
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Soraya S Smaili
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Gustavo J S Pereira
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Claudia Bincoletto
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Xu Q, Dong S, Gong Q, Dai Q, Cheng R, Ge Y. The Tanshinones (Tan) Extract From Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge Induces ROS-Dependent Apoptosis in Pancreatic Cancer via AKT Hyperactivation-Mediated FOXO3/SOD2 Signaling. Integr Cancer Ther 2024; 23:15347354241258961. [PMID: 38899834 PMCID: PMC11191618 DOI: 10.1177/15347354241258961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Salvia miltiorrhiza (SM) is a commonly used herb in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and has been used in the treatment of pancreatic cancer to relieve the symptom of "blood stasis and toxin accumulation." Tanshinones (Tan), the main lipophilic constituents extracted from the roots and rhizomes of SM, have been reported to possess anticancer functions in several cancers. But the mechanism of how the active components work in pancreatic cancer still need to be clarified. OBJECTIVE In this study, we aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of Tan in pancreatic cancer and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS The viabilities of PANC-1 and Bxpc-3 cells were determined by MTT assay, after treatment with various concentrations of Tan. The apoptotic cells were quantified by annexin V-FITC/PI staining and DAPI staining assays. The expression of relative proteins was used western blotting. Tumor growth was assessed by subcutaneously inoculating cells into C57BL/6 mice. RESULTS Our experiments discovered that Tan effectively suppressed pancreatic cancer cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis. Mechanistically, we propose that Tan enhances intracellular ROS levels by activating the AKT/FOXO3/SOD2 signaling pathway, ultimately leading to apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells. In vivo assay showed the antitumor effect of Tan. CONCLUSION Tan, a natural compound from Salvia miltiorrhiza, was found to effectively suppress pancreatic cancer cell proliferation and promote apoptosis both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, we propose a positive feedback loop mechanism. These findings provide valuable insights into the molecular pathways driving pancreatic cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shujie Dong
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiuyi Gong
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qun Dai
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rubin Cheng
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuqing Ge
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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12
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Gholipour Z, Fooladi AAI, Parivar K, Halabian R. Targeting glioblastoma multiforme using a novel fusion protein comprising interleukin-13 and staphylococcal enterotoxin B in vitro. Toxicol In Vitro 2023; 92:105651. [PMID: 37482138 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2023.105651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Targeting cell surface receptors with immunotoxins provides a novel, unique and highly potent treatment against cancers. A high expression of interleukin-13 (IL13) receptor α2 (IL13Rα2) has been reported in different types of cancers including glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). In this paper, to target IL13Rα2 on GBM cells, a fusion protein was generated comprising human IL13 and staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB), termed IL13-linker-SEB. The fusion protein was cloned into pET28a(+) and expressed in Escherichia coli strain BL21 (DE3); U251 (IL13Rα2-positive) and T98G (IL13Rα2-negative) GBM cell lines were employed and the functional activity of IL13-linker-SEB was evaluated by cell ELISA, cytotoxicity (MTT and LDH), apoptosis (flow cytometry and caspase-3 activity), adhesion, scratch and RT-PCR tests. SEB and chemotherapeutic drugs were employed to be compared to IL13-linker-SEB function. The IL13-linker-SEB exhibited higher binding affinity and cytotoxicity compared to SEB on U251 cells, although both recombinant proteins had shown similar behavior regarding T98G cells. Furthermore, the highest induction of apoptosis was observed in U251 cells treated with IL13-linker-SEB which was confirmed by Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. The expression of MMP2, MMP9 and VEGFR2 in U251 cells experienced a significant reduction after treatment with IL13-linker-SEB compared to SEB and T98G treated cells. The data showed that IL13-linker-SEB can be considered as a novel potential agent for GBM treatment; however, further research is needed to investigate the efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Gholipour
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Ali Imani Fooladi
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Kazem Parivar
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Raheleh Halabian
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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13
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Hartley B, Bassiouni W, Schulz R, Julien O. The roles of intracellular proteolysis in cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury. Basic Res Cardiol 2023; 118:38. [PMID: 37768438 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-023-01007-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease remains a leading cause of human mortality worldwide. One form of ischemic heart disease is ischemia-reperfusion injury caused by the reintroduction of blood supply to ischemic cardiac muscle. The short and long-term damage that occurs due to ischemia-reperfusion injury is partly due to the proteolysis of diverse protein substrates inside and outside of cardiomyocytes. Ischemia-reperfusion activates several diverse intracellular proteases, including, but not limited to, matrix metalloproteinases, calpains, cathepsins, and caspases. This review will focus on the biological roles, intracellular localization, proteolytic targets, and inhibitors of these proteases in cardiomyocytes following ischemia-reperfusion injury. Recognition of the intracellular function of each of these proteases includes defining their activation, proteolytic targets, and their inhibitors during myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. This review is a step toward a better understanding of protease activation and involvement in ischemic heart disease and developing new therapeutic strategies for its treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridgette Hartley
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Wesam Bassiouni
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Richard Schulz
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
- Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
- Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
| | - Olivier Julien
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
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14
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Serter Kocoglu S, Oy C, Secme M, Sunay FB. Investigation of the anticancer mechanism of monensin via apoptosis-related factors in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. Clin Transl Sci 2023; 16:1725-1735. [PMID: 37477356 PMCID: PMC10499413 DOI: 10.1111/cts.13593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Monensin is an ionophore antibiotic that inhibits the growth of cancer cells. The aim of this study was to investigate the apoptosis-mediated anticarcinogenic effects of monensin in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. The effects of monensin on cell viability, invasion, migration, and colony formation were determined by XTT, matrigel-chamber, wound healing, and colony formation tests, respectively. The effects of monensin on apoptosis were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction, TUNEL, Western blot, and Annexin V assay. We have shown that monensin suppresses neuroblastoma cell viability, invasion, migration, and colony formation. Moreover, we reported that monensin inhibits cell viability by triggering apoptosis of neuroblastoma cells. Monensin caused apoptosis by increasing caspase-3, 7, 8, and 9 expressions and decreasing Bax and Bcl-2 expressions in neuroblastoma cells. In Annexin V results, the rates of apoptotic cells were found to be 9.66 ± 0.01% (p < 0.001), 29.28 ± 0.88% (p < 0.01), and 62.55 ± 2.36% (p < 0.01) in the 8, 16, and 32 μM monensin groups, respectively. In TUNEL results, these values were, respectively; 35 ± 2% (p < 0.001), 34 ± 0.57% (p < 0.001), and 75 ± 2.51% (p < 0.001). Our results suggest that monensin may be a safe and effective therapeutic candidate for treating pediatric neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sema Serter Kocoglu
- Department of Histology and EmbryologySchool of Medicine, Balikesir UniversityBalikesirTurkey
| | - Ceren Oy
- Department of Histology and EmbryologySchool of Medicine, Bursa Uludag UniversityBursaTurkey
| | - Mücahit Secme
- Department of Medical BiologySchool of Medicine, Ordu UniversityDenizliTurkey
| | - F. Bahar Sunay
- Department of Histology and EmbryologySchool of Medicine, Balikesir UniversityBalikesirTurkey
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15
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Di Giorgio E, Ferino A, Huang W, Simonetti S, Xodo L, De Marco R. Dual-targeting peptides@PMO, a mimetic to the pro-apoptotic protein Smac/DIABLO for selective activation of apoptosis in cancer cells. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1237478. [PMID: 37711175 PMCID: PMC10497945 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1237478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The refractoriness of tumor cells to apoptosis represents the main mechanism of resistance to chemotherapy. Smac/DIABLO mimetics proved to be effective in overcoming cancer-acquired resistance to apoptosis as a consequence of overexpression of the anti-apoptotic proteins XIAP, cIAP1, and cIAP2. In this work, we describe a dual-targeting peptide capable of selectively activating apoptosis in cancer cells. The complex consists of a fluorescent periodic mesoporous organosilica nanoparticle that carries the short sequences of Smac/DIABLO bound to the αvβ3-integrin ligand. The dual-targeting peptide @PMO shows significantly higher toxicity in αvβ3-positive HeLa cells with respect to αvβ3-negative Ht29 cells. @PMO exhibited synergistic effects in combination with oxaliplatin in a panel of αvβ3-positive cancer cells, while its toxicity is overcome by XIAP overexpression or integrin β3 silencing. The successful uptake of the molecule by αvβ3-positive cells makes @PMO promising for the re-sensitization to apoptosis of many cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Weizhe Huang
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences (Di4A), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Sigrid Simonetti
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences (Di4A), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Luigi Xodo
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Rossella De Marco
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences (Di4A), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
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16
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Yang Y, Tian T, Li S, Li N, Luo H, Jiang Y. LncRNA 220: A Novel Long Non-Coding RNA Regulates Autophagy and Apoptosis in Kupffer Cells via the miR-5101/PI3K/AKT/mTOR Axis in LPS-Induced Endotoxemic Liver Injury in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11210. [PMID: 37446388 PMCID: PMC10342868 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a severe medical condition distinguished by immune systematic dysfunction and multiple organic injury, or even failure, resulting from an acute systemic inflammatory response. Acute liver injury (ALI) could be considered as a notable inflammatory outcome of sepsis. Studies have demonstrated the essential roles played by long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in mediating the processes of various diseases, including their ability to engage in interactions with microRNAs (miRNAs) as complexes of competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to modulate signaling pathways. In this study, a newly discovered lncRNA, named 220, was identified to function in regulating autophagy and apoptosis in Kupffer cells treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). This was achieved through sponging miR-5101 as a ceRNA complex, as identified via high-throughput sequencing. The expression of 220 was found to be significantly different in the hepatic tissues of endotoxemic mice that were treated with LPS for 8 h, ultimately modulating the ALI process. Our studies have collectively demonstrated that 220 is a novel regulator that acts on LPS-induced autophagy and apoptosis in Kupffer cells, thereby mediating the ALI process induced by LPS. Furthermore, the validation of our findings using clinical databases suggests that 220 could potentially serve as a molecular target of clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic significance in septic liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Yong Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; (Y.Y.); (T.T.); (S.L.); (N.L.); (H.L.)
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17
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Jiang QH, Li T, Liu Y, Zhou ZY, Yang Y, Wei Y, Yin MZ, Shen J, Yan S. A nano-delivery system expands the insecticidal target of thiamethoxam to include a devastating pest, the fall armyworm. INSECT SCIENCE 2023; 30:803-815. [PMID: 36317674 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.13136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nano-delivery systems have been applied to deliver various synthetic/botanical pesticides to increase the efficiency of pesticide use and reduce the volumes of pesticides applied. Previous studies have supported the hypothesis that the nanocarriers can help expand the insecticidal target of pesticides to include non-target pests. However, the potential mechanism underlying this interesting phenomenon remains unclear. Herein, a widely applied star polycation (SPc) nanocarrier was synthesized to construct a thiamethoxam (TMX) nano-delivery system. The SPc-based delivery system could promote the translocation of exogenous substances across the membrane of Sf9 cells, increase the cytotoxicity of TMX against Sf9 cells by nearly 20%, and expand the insecticidal target of TMX to include Spodoptera frugiperda (the fall armyworm), with a 27.5% mortality increase at a concentration of 0.25 mg/mL. Moreover, the RNA-seq analysis demonstrated that the SPc could upregulate various transport-related genes, such as Rab, SORT1, CYTH, and PIKfyve, for the enhanced cellular uptake of TMX. Furthermore, enhanced cell death in larvae treated with the TMX-SPc complex was observed through changes in the expression levels of death-related genes, such as Casp7, BIRC5, MSK1, and PGAM5. The SPc-based nano-delivery system improved the cellular uptake of TMX and expanded its insecticidal target by adjusting the expression levels of death-related genes. The current study mainly identified the transport and cell death genes related to nanocarrier-based insecticidal target expansion, which is beneficial for understanding the bioactivity enhancement of the nano-delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin-Hong Jiang
- Department of Plant Biosecurity and MARA Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Plant Biosecurity and MARA Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Plant Biosecurity and MARA Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zi-Yi Zhou
- Department of Plant Biosecurity and MARA Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Plant Biosecurity and MARA Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Wei
- Department of Plant Biosecurity and MARA Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Mei-Zhen Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Lab of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Shen
- Department of Plant Biosecurity and MARA Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuo Yan
- Department of Plant Biosecurity and MARA Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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18
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Hsieh MC, Hsieh YH, Chou CH, Yang JS, Lu PWA, Huang TY, Yang SF, Lu KH. Apoptotic effect and cell arrest of deoxyshikonin in human osteosarcoma cells through the p38 pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2023. [PMID: 37155410 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone cancer that affects adolescents with early metastatic potential and drastically reduces their long-term survival rate if pulmonary metastases are detected at diagnosis. The natural naphthoquinol compound deoxyshikonin exhibits anticancer properties, so we hypothesized that it has an apoptotic effect on osteosarcoma U2OS and HOS cells and studied its mechanisms. After deoxyshikonin treatment, dose-dependent decreases in cell viability, induction of cell apoptosis and arrest in the sub-G1 phase of U2OS and HOS cells were observed. The increases in cleaved caspase 3 expression and the decreases in X-chromosome-linked IAP (XIAP) and cellular inhibitors of apoptosis 1 (cIAP-1) expressions after deoxyshikonin treatment in the human apoptosis array were identified in HOS cells, and dose-dependent expression changes of IAPs and cleaved caspase 3, 8 and 9 were verified by Western blotting in U2OS and HOS cells. Phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases (ERK)1/2, c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK)1/2 and p38 expressions in U2OS and HOS cells was also increased by deoxyshikonin in a dose-dependent manner. Subsequently, cotreatment with inhibitors of ERK (U0126), JNK (JNK-IN-8) and p38 (SB203580) was performed to show that p38 signalling is responsible for deoxyshikonin-induced apoptosis in U2OS and HOS cells, but not via the ERK and JNK pathways. These discoveries demonstrate that deoxyshikonin may be a possible chemotherapeutic candidate to induce cell arrest and apoptosis by activating extrinsic and intrinsic pathways through p38 for human osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Chang Hsieh
- School of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsien Hsieh
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsuan Chou
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Sin Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | - Tzu-Yu Huang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ko-Hsiu Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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19
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Gao Y, Liu T, Liu J, Yang Y, Sun K, Li Z, Zhai X, Zuo D. ZYY-B-2, a novel ALK inhibitor, overcomes resistance to ceritinib by inhibiting P-gp function and induces apoptosis through mitochondrial pathway in ceritinib-resistant H2228 cells. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 379:110516. [PMID: 37116853 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Targeting the Echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4 and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (EML4-ALK) fusion gene is a promising therapeutic strategy for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. With the advent of the first- and second-generation ALK inhibitors, the mortality rate of lung cancer has shown a downward trend, but almost inevitably, patients will eventually develop resistance, which severely limits the clinical application. Hence, developing new ALK inhibitors which can overcome resistance is essential. Here, we synthesized a novel ALK inhibitor 1-[4-[[5-Chloro-4-[[2-[(1-methylethyl)sulfonyl]phenyl]amino]-2-pyrimidinyl]amino]-3-methoxyphenyl]-3-[2-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-2-oxoethyl]-2-imidazolidinone (ZYY-B-2) based on the structure of the second-generation ALK inhibitor ceritinib. ZYY-B-2 exhibited impressive anti-proliferative effect in the EML4-ALK positive H2228 cells and ceritinib-resistant H2228 (H2228/Cer) cells. Meanwhile, ZYY-B-2 inhibited the activation of p-ALK in a concentration-dependent manner, and inactivated its downstream target proteins p-AKT and p-ERK to inhibit cell proliferation. Subsequently, we found that ZYY-B-2 blocked H2228 cells and H2228/Cer cells in G0/G1 phase and induced cells to undergo apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway. The ability of its anti-proliferation and pro-apoptosis was significantly stronger than the second generation ALK inhibitor ceritinib. In addition, high expression of P-gp was found in H2228/Cer cells compared with H2228 cells. ZYY-B-2 could inhibit the expression of P-gp in a dose-dependent manner to overcome ceritinib resistance, and the suppression effect of ZYY-B-2 on P-gp might be related to its inhibition of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. In summary, ZYY-B-2, a promising ALK inhibitor, shows potent activity against ceritinib-resistant cells, which provides experimental and theoretical basis for the further development of new ALK inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Jingang Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Yuying Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Keyan Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Zengqiang Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Xin Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| | - Daiying Zuo
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, China.
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20
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Morishita A, Oura K, Tadokoro T, Shi T, Fujita K, Tani J, Atsukawa M, Masaki T. Galectin-9 in Gastroenterological Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076174. [PMID: 37047155 PMCID: PMC10094448 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunochemotherapy has become popular in recent years. The detailed mechanisms of cancer immunity are being elucidated, and new developments are expected in the future. Apoptosis allows tissues to maintain their form, quantity, and function by eliminating excess or abnormal cells. When apoptosis is inhibited, the balance between cell division and death is disrupted and tissue homeostasis is impaired. This leads to dysfunction and the accumulation of genetically abnormal cells, which can contribute to carcinogenesis. Lectins are neither enzymes nor antibodies but proteins that bind sugar chains. Among soluble endogenous lectins, galectins interact with cell surface sugar chains outside the cell to regulate signal transduction and cell growth. On the other hand, intracellular lectins are present at the plasma membrane and regulate signal transduction by regulating receptor–ligand interactions. Galectin-9 expressed on the surface of thymocytes induces apoptosis of T lymphocytes and plays an essential role in immune self-tolerance by negative selection in the thymus. Furthermore, the administration of extracellular galectin-9 induces apoptosis of human cancer and immunodeficient cells. However, the detailed pharmacokinetics of galectin-9 in vivo have not been elucidated. In addition, the cell surface receptors involved in galectin-9-induced apoptosis of cancer cells have not been identified, and the intracellular pathways involved in apoptosis have not been fully investigated. We have previously reported that galectin-9 induces apoptosis in various gastrointestinal cancers and suppresses tumor growth. However, the mechanism of galectin-9 and apoptosis induction in gastrointestinal cancers and the detailed mechanisms involved in tumor growth inhibition remain unknown. In this article, we review the effects of galectin-9 on gastrointestinal cancers and its mechanisms.
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21
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Taheriazam A, Abad GGY, Hajimazdarany S, Imani MH, Ziaolhagh S, Zandieh MA, Bayanzadeh SD, Mirzaei S, Hamblin MR, Entezari M, Aref AR, Zarrabi A, Ertas YN, Ren J, Rajabi R, Paskeh MDA, Hashemi M, Hushmandi K. Graphene oxide nanoarchitectures in cancer biology: Nano-modulators of autophagy and apoptosis. J Control Release 2023; 354:503-522. [PMID: 36641122 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is a growing field, with many potential biomedical applications of nanomedicine for the treatment of different diseases, particularly cancer, on the horizon. Graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticles can act as carbon-based nanocarriers with advantages such as a large surface area, good mechanical strength, and the capacity for surface modification. These nanostructures have been extensively used in cancer therapy for drug and gene delivery, photothermal therapy, overcoming chemotherapy resistance, and for imaging procedures. In the current review, we focus on the biological functions of GO nanoparticles as regulators of apoptosis and autophagy, the two major forms of programmed cell death. GO nanoparticles can either induce or inhibit autophagy in cancer cells, depending on the conditions. By stimulating autophagy, GO nanocarriers can promote the sensitivity of cancer cells to chemotherapy. However, by impairing autophagy flux, GO nanoparticles can reduce cell survival and enhance inflammation. Similarly, GO nanomaterials can increase ROS production and induce DNA damage, thereby sensitizing cancer cells to apoptosis. In vitro and in vivo experiments have investigated whether GO nanomaterials show any toxicity in major body organs, such as the brain, liver, spleen, and heart. Molecular pathways, such as ATG, MAPK, JNK, and Akt, can be regulated by GO nanomaterials, leading to effects on autophagy and apoptosis. These topics are discussed in this review to shed some lights towards the biomedical potential of GO nanoparticles and their biocompatibility, paving the way for their future application in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afshin Taheriazam
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghazaleh Gholamiyan Yousef Abad
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shima Hajimazdarany
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hassan Imani
- Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Shahr-e kord Branch, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari, Iran
| | - Setayesh Ziaolhagh
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Arad Zandieh
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Sepideh Mirzaei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa; Radiation Biology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maliheh Entezari
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Reza Aref
- Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Vice President at Translational Sciences, Xsphera Biosciences Inc., 6 Tide Street, Boston, MA, 02210, USA
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Istanbul 34396, Turkey
| | - Yavuz Nuri Ertas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey; ERNAM-Nanotechnology Research and Application Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Jun Ren
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Romina Rajabi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mahshid Deldar Abad Paskeh
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
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22
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Lu KH, Lu PWA, Lin CW, Yang SF. Curcumin in human osteosarcoma: From analogs to carriers. Drug Discov Today 2023; 28:103437. [PMID: 36372327 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2022.103437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (osteogenic sarcoma), the most prevalent primary malignant bone tumor in adolescents, confers low survival rates in patients with metastatic disease. Dietary curcumin has a number of anticancer properties but has poor bioavailability. To improve the clinical applications of curcumin, several potential curcumin analogs and nanobased curcumin delivery systems have been developed. In this critical review, we address the biological and pharmacological characteristics of curcumin and its analogs, with an emphasis on strategies to improve the bioactivity and bioavailability of curcumin analogs that may increase their application in the treatment of potent human metastatic osteosarcoma. We highlight promising current multifunctional nanoformulations and three-dimensional printed scaffold systems utilized for the targeting and delivery of curcumin in human osteosarcoma cells. Our purpose is to drive further research on curcumin analogs and carriers to improve their bioavailability and anti-osteosarcoma bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ko-Hsiu Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | - Chiao-Wen Lin
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
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23
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Zheng GZ, Zhang QH, Chang B, Xie P, Liao H, Du SX, Li XD. Dioscin induces osteosarcoma cell apoptosis by upregulating ROS-mediated P38 MAPK signaling. Drug Dev Res 2023; 84:25-35. [PMID: 36401839 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.22009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant bone tumor in children and adolescents. Many patients with osteosarcoma readily develop resistance to chemotherapy and have an extremely dismal prognosis. Dioscin, a saponin, is known to exhibit potent anticancer activities and induce cellular death of a variety of cancer types. However, the inhibitory effect of dioscin on osteosarcoma cells and its underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. We investigated the responses of human U2-OS and MG63 osteosarcoma cells to dioscin with regard to proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion, and studied the effect of dioscin on MAPK-related proteins by western blot analysis assays. Dioscin inhibited osteosarcoma cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Moreover, it induced osteosarcoma cell apoptosis via reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent apoptotic signaling. N-acetylcysteine, a reactive oxygen species inhibitor, suppressed dioscin-induced apoptosis, indicating that ROS play an essential role in dioscin-induced apoptosis. Western blot analysis assays showed that p38 MAPK was upregulated after dioscin treatment, and that dioscin induced apoptosis by upregulating ROS-mediated p38 MAPK signaling. Our study suggests that dioscin possesses antitumor activities against human osteosarcoma cells, inhibits osteosarcoma cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and induces osteosarcoma cell apoptosis through upregulating ROS-mediated p38 MAPK signaling. This study may provide a new therapeutic strategy and potential clinical applications for the treatment of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Zhou Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital (The Affiliated Luohu Hospital) of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Qi-Hao Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Huizhou Central People's Hospital, Huizhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Bo Chang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital (The Affiliated Luohu Hospital) of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Peng Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital (The Affiliated Luohu Hospital) of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Hang Liao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital (The Affiliated Luohu Hospital) of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Shi-Xin Du
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital (The Affiliated Luohu Hospital) of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xue-Dong Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital (The Affiliated Luohu Hospital) of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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24
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Reinehr S, Girbig RM, Schulte KK, Theile J, Asaad MA, Fuchshofer R, Dick H, Joachim SC. Enhanced glaucomatous damage accompanied by glial response in a new multifactorial mouse model. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1017076. [PMID: 36733392 PMCID: PMC9887307 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1017076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Glaucoma is a complex, multifactorial neurodegenerative disease, which can lead to blindness if left untreated. It seems that, among others, immune processes, elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), or a combination of these factors are responsible for glaucomatous damage. Here, we combined two glaucoma models to examine if a combination of risk factors (IOP and immune response) results in a more severe damage of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and the optic nerves as well as an additional glia activation. Methods Six-week-old wildtype (WT+ONA) and βB1-Connective Tissue Growth Factor (CTGF) mice (CTGF+ONA) were immunized with 1 mg ONA (optic nerve antigen). A WT and a CTGF control group (CTGF) received sodium chloride instead. IOP was measured before and every two weeks after immunization. After six weeks, electroretinogram (ERG) measurements were performed. Then, retinae and optic nerves were processed for (immuno-) histology. Further, mRNA levels of corresponding genes in optic nerve and retina were analyzed via RT-qPCR. Results Six weeks after immunization, the IOP in CTGF and CTGF+ONA mice was increased. The optic nerve of CTGF+ONA animals displayed the most severe cell inflammation, demyelination, and macroglia activation. Fewer numbers of oligodendrocytes were only observed in WT+ONA optic nerves, while more apoptotic cells triggered by the extrinsic pathway could be revealed in all three glaucoma groups. The number of microglia/macrophages was not altered within the optic nerves of all groups. The loss of neuronal cells, especially RGCs was most pronounced in CTGF+ONA retinae in the central part and this was accompanied by an enhanced activation of microglia/macrophages. Also, Müller cell activation could be noted in CTGF and CTGF+ONA retinae. Discussion In this new model, an additive degeneration could be noted in optic nerves as well as in the number of RGCs. These results suggest a potential additive role of high IOP and immune factors in glaucoma development, which will aid for understanding this multifactorial disease more precisely in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Reinehr
- Experimental Eye Research Institute, University Eye Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany,*Correspondence: Sabrina Reinehr,
| | - Renée M. Girbig
- Experimental Eye Research Institute, University Eye Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Kim K. Schulte
- Experimental Eye Research Institute, University Eye Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Janine Theile
- Experimental Eye Research Institute, University Eye Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - M. Ali Asaad
- Experimental Eye Research Institute, University Eye Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Rudolf Fuchshofer
- Institute of Human Anatomy and Embryology, University Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - H. Burkhard Dick
- Experimental Eye Research Institute, University Eye Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Stephanie C. Joachim
- Experimental Eye Research Institute, University Eye Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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25
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Zhou Y, Xiao X, Peng C, Song D, Ouyang F, Wang L. Progesterone induces glioblastoma cell apoptosis by coactivating extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways. Mol Cell Toxicol 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-022-00327-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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26
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Abolfathi H, Arabi M, Sheikhpour M. A literature review of microRNA and gene signaling pathways involved in the apoptosis pathway of lung cancer. Respir Res 2023; 24:55. [PMID: 36800962 PMCID: PMC9938615 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-023-02366-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the world and the deadliest of all cancers. Apoptosis is a key pathway in regulating the cell growth rate, proliferation, and occurrence of lung cancer. This process is controlled by many molecules, such as microRNAs and their target genes. Therefore, finding new medical approaches such as exploring diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers involved in apoptosis is needed for this disease. In the present study, we aimed to identify key microRNAs and their target genes that could be used in the prognosis and diagnosis of lung cancer. METHODS Signaling pathways, genes, and microRNAs involved in the apoptotic pathway were identified by bioinformatics analysis and recent clinical studies. Bioinformatics analysis was performed on databases including NCBI, TargetScan, UALCAN, UCSC, KEGG, miRPathDB, and Enrichr, and clinical studies were extracted from PubMed, web of science, and SCOPUS databases. RESULTS NF-κB, PI3K/AKT, and MAPK pathways play critical roles in the regulation of apoptosis. MiR-146b, 146a, 21, 23a, 135a, 30a, 202, and 181 were identified as the involved microRNAs in the apoptosis signaling pathway, and IRAK1, TRAF6, Bcl-2, PTEN, Akt, PIK3, KRAS, and MAPK1 were classified as the target genes of the mentioned microRNAs respectively. The essential roles of these signaling pathways and miRNAs/target genes were approved through both databases and clinical studies. Moreover, surviving, living, BRUCE, and XIAP was the main inhibitor of apoptosis which act by regulating the apoptosis-involved genes and miRNAs. CONCLUSION Identifying the abnormal expression and regulation of miRNAs and signaling pathways in apoptosis of lung cancer can represent a novel class of biomarkers that can facilitate the early diagnosis, personalized treatment, and prediction of drug response for lung cancer patients. Therefore, studying the mechanisms of apoptosis including signaling pathways, miRNAs/target genes, and the inhibitors of apoptosis are advantageous for finding the most practical approach and reducing the pathological demonstrations of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanie Abolfathi
- grid.23856.3a0000 0004 1936 8390Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mohadeseh Arabi
- grid.420169.80000 0000 9562 2611Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojgan Sheikhpour
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran. .,Microbiology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
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27
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Theoretical and molecular mechanistic investigations of novel (3-(furan-2-yl)pyrazol-4-yl) chalcones against lung carcinoma cell line (A549). NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 396:719-736. [PMID: 36469109 PMCID: PMC10042774 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-022-02344-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
AbstractA new chalcone series has been developed that may be useful in the treatment of lung cancer. The new series was confirmed by the different spectral tools. MTT assay was used to detect the cytotoxic effect of the novel chalcones against lung cancer cell line (A549). Molecular docking studies were performed on the most two effective chalcones 7b and 7c. Different molecular techniques were utilized to study the activity and the effect of two chalcones 7b and 7c on apoptosis of A549 cell line.
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28
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Huang TT, Chen CM, Lan YW, Lin SS, Choo KB, Chong KY. Blockade of c-Met-Mediated Signaling Pathways by E7050 Suppresses Growth and Promotes Apoptosis in Multidrug-Resistant Human Uterine Sarcoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314884. [PMID: 36499211 PMCID: PMC9740914 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
E7050 is a potent inhibitor of c-Met receptor tyrosine kinase and has potential for cancer therapy. However, the underlying molecular mechanism involved in the anti-cancer property of E7050 has not been fully elucidated. The main objective of this study was to investigate the anti-tumor activity of E7050 in multidrug-resistant human uterine sarcoma MES-SA/Dx5 cells in vitro and in vivo, and to define its mechanisms. Our results revealed that E7050 reduced cell viability of MES-SA/Dx5 cells, which was associated with the induction of apoptosis and S phase cell cycle arrest. Additionally, E7050 treatment significantly upregulated the expression of Bax, cleaved PARP, cleaved caspase-3, p21, p53 and cyclin D1, while it downregulated the expression of survivin and cyclin A. On the other hand, the mechanistic study demonstrated that E7050 inhibited the phosphorylation of c-Met, Src, Akt and p38 in HGF-stimulated MES-SA/Dx5 cells. Further in vivo experiments showed that treatment of athymic nude mice carrying MES-SA/Dx5 xenograft tumors with E7050 remarkably suppressed tumor growth. E7050 treatment also decreased the expression of Ki-67 and p-Met, and increased the expression of cleaved caspase-3 in MES-SA/Dx5 tumor sections. Therefore, E7050 is a promising drug that can be developed for the treatment of multidrug-resistant uterine sarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Teng Huang
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Mu Chen
- Department of Life Sciences, Agricultural Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center and the Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Wei Lan
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, The Perinatal Institute of Cincinnati Children’s Research Foundation, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Song-Shu Lin
- Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Hyperbaric Oxygen Medical Research Lab, Bone and Joint Research Center, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Kong-Bung Choo
- Centre for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kowit-Yu Chong
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Hyperbaric Oxygen Medical Research Lab, Bone and Joint Research Center, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
- Centre for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Keelung City 20401, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2211-8393
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29
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Bosc E, Anastasie J, Soualmia F, Coric P, Kim JY, Wang LQ, Lacin G, Zhao K, Patel R, Duplus E, Tixador P, Sproul AA, Brugg B, Reboud-Ravaux M, Troy CM, Shelanski ML, Bouaziz S, Karin M, El Amri C, Jacotot ED. Genuine selective caspase-2 inhibition with new irreversible small peptidomimetics. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:959. [PMID: 36379916 PMCID: PMC9666555 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05396-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Caspase-2 (Casp2) is a promising therapeutic target in several human diseases, including nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the design of an active-site-directed inhibitor selective to individual caspase family members is challenging because caspases have extremely similar active sites. Here we present new peptidomimetics derived from the VDVAD pentapeptide structure, harboring non-natural modifications at the P2 position and an irreversible warhead. Enzyme kinetics show that these new compounds, such as LJ2 or its specific isomers LJ2a, and LJ3a, strongly and irreversibly inhibit Casp2 with genuine selectivity. In agreement with the established role of Casp2 in cellular stress responses, LJ2 inhibits cell death induced by microtubule destabilization or hydroxamic acid-based deacetylase inhibition. The most potent peptidomimetic, LJ2a, inhibits human Casp2 with a remarkably high inactivation rate (k3/Ki ~5,500,000 M-1 s-1), and the most selective inhibitor, LJ3a, has close to a 1000 times higher inactivation rate on Casp2 as compared to Casp3. Structural analysis of LJ3a shows that the spatial configuration of Cα at the P2 position determines inhibitor efficacy. In transfected human cell lines overexpressing site-1 protease (S1P), sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2 (SREBP2) and Casp2, LJ2a and LJ3a fully inhibit Casp2-mediated S1P cleavage and thus SREBP2 activation, suggesting a potential to prevent NASH development. Furthermore, in primary hippocampal neurons treated with β-amyloid oligomers, submicromolar concentrations of LJ2a and of LJ3a prevent synapse loss, indicating a potential for further investigations in AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Bosc
- INSERM U1164, CNRS UMR 8256, Sorbonne Université, Campus Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, F-75005, France
| | - Julie Anastasie
- INSERM U1164, CNRS UMR 8256, Sorbonne Université, Campus Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, F-75005, France
| | - Feryel Soualmia
- INSERM U1164, CNRS UMR 8256, Sorbonne Université, Campus Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, F-75005, France
| | - Pascale Coric
- Université de Paris, CNRS, CiTCoM, F-75006, Paris, France
| | - Ju Youn Kim
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Departments of Pharmacology and Pathology, University of California San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Lily Q Wang
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Departments of Pharmacology and Pathology, University of California San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Gullen Lacin
- INSERM U1164, CNRS UMR 8256, Sorbonne Université, Campus Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, F-75005, France
- MicroBrain Biotech S.A.S. 52 Avenue de l'Europe, Marly-Le-Roi, F-78160, France
| | - Kaitao Zhao
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ronak Patel
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Eric Duplus
- INSERM U1164, CNRS UMR 8256, Sorbonne Université, Campus Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, F-75005, France
| | - Philippe Tixador
- INSERM U1164, CNRS UMR 8256, Sorbonne Université, Campus Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, F-75005, France
| | - Andrew A Sproul
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bernard Brugg
- INSERM U1164, CNRS UMR 8256, Sorbonne Université, Campus Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, F-75005, France
| | - Michelle Reboud-Ravaux
- INSERM U1164, CNRS UMR 8256, Sorbonne Université, Campus Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, F-75005, France
| | - Carol M Troy
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael L Shelanski
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Serge Bouaziz
- Université de Paris, CNRS, CiTCoM, F-75006, Paris, France
| | - Michael Karin
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Departments of Pharmacology and Pathology, University of California San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Chahrazade El Amri
- INSERM U1164, CNRS UMR 8256, Sorbonne Université, Campus Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, F-75005, France
| | - Etienne D Jacotot
- INSERM U1164, CNRS UMR 8256, Sorbonne Université, Campus Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, F-75005, France.
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
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30
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Wo G, Zhu Z, Fang Z, Chen X, Liang M, Wang Y, Shao X, Shen H, Tang J. Dihydrotanshinone I: A Target for STAT3 in the Therapy of Tamoxifen‐Resistant Breast Cancer. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202203082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guanqun Wo
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Xianlin Road 138 Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Zhen Zhu
- Nanjing Medical University Nanjing 210029 P. R. China
| | - Zheng Fang
- Nanjing Medical University Nanjing 210029 P. R. China
| | - Xi Chen
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Xianlin Road 138 Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | | | - Yalin Wang
- Xuzhou Medical University 209 Tongshan Road Xuzhou 221004 P. R. China
| | - Xinyi Shao
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Xianlin Road 138 Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Hongyu Shen
- Nanjing Medical University Nanjing 210029 P. R. China
| | - Jin‐Hai Tang
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Xianlin Road 138 Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
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Mechanism of Resveratrol-Induced Programmed Cell Death and New Drug Discovery against Cancer: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213689. [PMID: 36430164 PMCID: PMC9697740 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol (3,5,4'-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene), a polyphenol found in grapes, red wine, peanuts, and apples, has been reported to exhibit a wide range of biological and pharmacological properties. In addition, resveratrol has been reported to intervene in multiple stages of carcinogenesis. It has also been known to kill several human cancer cells through programmed cell death (PCD) mechanisms such as apoptosis, autophagy, and necroptosis. However, resveratrol has limitations in its use as an anticancer agent because it is susceptible to photoisomerization owing to its unstable double bond, short half-life, and is rapidly metabolized and eliminated. Trans-(E)-resveratrol is nontoxic, and has several biological and pharmacological activities. However, little is known about the pharmacological properties of the photoisomerized cis-(Z)-resveratrol. Therefore, many studies on resveratrol derivatives and analogues that can overcome the shortcomings of resveratrol and increase its anticancer activity are underway. This review comprehensively summarizes the literature related to resveratrol-induced PCD, such as apoptosis, autophagy, necroptosis, and the development status of synthetic resveratrol derivatives and analogues as novel anticancer drugs.
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32
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Zhao C, Zhang Y, Suo A, Mu J, Ding D. Toxicity of tributyltin chloride on haarder (Liza haematocheila) after its acute exposure: Bioaccumulation, antioxidant defense, histological, and transcriptional analyses. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 130:501-511. [PMID: 36162773 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.09.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Liza haematocheila is exposed to various chemical contaminants from anthropogenic sources, including tributyltin chloride (TBTC). Yet the toxicity mechanism of TBTC on haarder remains unclear. The haarder was exposed to different doses (0, 10%, 20%, and 50% of LC50-96 h) of TBTC. In this study, the results revealed its high bioaccumulation in the livers and significant alteration for development. The activities of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase decreased after 96-h exposure to TBTC, this accompanied by an increased malondialdehyde level. TBTC exposure caused the intense production of reactive oxygen species, a reduction in total blood cell count in serum, and apoptosis-related alterations in livers, indicating that enhanced oxidative stress occurred in the process of TBTC exposure. Histological results revealed angiorrhexis and infiltration of inflammatory cells, vacuolar degeneration of hepatocytes in the livers, and swelling, fusion, and disintegration of gill organs. Interestingly, the obtained transcriptional profiles indicated that high doses of TBTC caused energy disorder, apoptosis, and adipogenesis restriction mediated by cytokines and adipokines in Jak-STAT and adipocytokine signaling pathways. In summary, acute exposure to high doses of TBTC could impair the antioxidant system and pathways related to energy, apoptosis and adipogenesis, eventually posing a serious challenge to the fitness of haarder individuals and its fish populations as marine resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changsheng Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yuting Zhang
- College of Geography and Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Anning Suo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 511458, China.
| | - Jingli Mu
- College of Geography and Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Dewen Ding
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 511458, China
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Zhang T, Wang Y, Inuzuka H, Wei W. Necroptosis pathways in tumorigenesis. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:32-40. [PMID: 35908574 PMCID: PMC11010659 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Necroptosis is a caspase-independent form of programmed cell death executed by the receptor interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1)-RIPK3-mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL) signaling cascade, deregulation of which can cause various human diseases including cancer. Escape from programmed cell death is a hallmark of cancer, leading to uncontrolled growth and drug resistance. Therefore, it is crucial to further understand whether necroptosis plays a key role in therapeutic resistance. In this review, we summarize the recent findings of the link between necroptosis and cancer, and discuss that targeting necroptosis is a new strategy to overcome apoptosis resistance in tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Yingnan Wang
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Hiroyuki Inuzuka
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Wenyi Wei
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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Sharifi S, Dalir Abdolahinia E, Ghavimi MA, Dizaj SM, Aschner M, Saso L, Khan H. Effect of Curcumin-Loaded Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles on the Head and Neck Cancer Cell Line, HN5. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:5247-5259. [PMID: 36354669 PMCID: PMC9688994 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44110357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin is an active ingredient isolated from Curcuma longa. It has several pharmacological effects, including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects. Due to its low bioavailability, chemical structure instability, and easy oxidation, the application of curcumin has been limited. In this study, to overcome these limitations, curcumin-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles (Cur-MSN) were prepared, and the anticancerous effect of Cur-MSNs on head and neck cancer cells, HN5, was investigated. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed rod-shaped mesoporous nanoparticles with average particle size smaller than 100 nm. Higher cytotoxicity of Cur-MSNs was seen in treated cancer cells compared with free curcumin. The expression of Bcl-2 was significantly reduced in the presence of Cur-MSNs compared to the control (untreated HN5 cells) (p < 0.05). A 3.43-fold increase in the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio was seen in Cur-MSNs treated HN5 cells at the IC50. Cur-MSNs increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Based on these novel results, we suggest that Cur-MSNs offer efficacy for cancer treatment and future studies should further characterize their properties in various experimental cancer models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simin Sharifi
- Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166-15731, Iran
| | - Elaheh Dalir Abdolahinia
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166-15731, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Ghavimi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166-15731, Iran
| | - Solmaz Maleki Dizaj
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166-15731, Iran
- Correspondence: (S.M.D.); (H.K.)
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine Forchheimer, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (S.M.D.); (H.K.)
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Anticancer peptides mechanisms, simple and complex. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 368:110194. [PMID: 36195187 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Peptide therapy has started since 1920s with the advent of insulin application, and now it has emerged as a new approach in treatment of diseases including cancer. Using anti-cancer peptides (ACPs) is a promising way of cancer therapy as ACPs are continuing to be approved and arrived at major pharmaceutical markets. Traditional cancer treatments face different problems like intensive adverse effects to patient's body, cell resistance to conventional chemical drugs and in some worse cases the occurrence of cell multidrug resistance (MDR) of cancerous tissues against chemotherapy. On the other hand, there are some benefits conceived for peptides usage in treatment of diseases specifically cancer, as these compounds present favorable characteristics such as smaller size, high activity, low immunogenicity, good biocompatibility in vivo, convenient and rapid way of synthesis, amenable to sequence modification and revision and there is no limitation for the type of cargo they carry. It is possible to achieve an optimum molecular and functional structure of peptides based on previous experience and bank of peptide motif data which may result in novel peptide design. Bioactive peptides are able to form pores in cell membrane and induce necrosis or apoptosis of abnormal cells. Moreover, recent researches have focused on the tumor recognizing peptide motifs with the ability to permeate to cancerous cells with the aim of cancer treatment at earlier stages. In this strategy the most important factors for addressing cancer are choosing peptides with easy accessibility to tumor cell without cytotoxicity effect towards normal cells. The peptides must also meet acceptable pharmacokinetic requirements. In this review, the characteristics of peptides and cancer cells are discussed. The various mechanisms of peptides' action proposed against cancer cells make the next part of discussion. It will be followed by giving information on peptides application, various methods of peptide designing along with introducing various databases. Future aspects of peptides for employing in area of cancer treatment come as conclusion at the end.
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Neel DV, Basu H, Gunner G, Chiu IM. Catching a killer: Mechanisms of programmed cell death and immune activation in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Immunol Rev 2022; 311:130-150. [PMID: 35524757 PMCID: PMC9489610 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In the central nervous system (CNS), execution of programmed cell death (PCD) is crucial for proper neurodevelopment. However, aberrant activation of these pathways in adult CNS leads to neurodegenerative diseases including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). How a cell dies is critical, as it can drive local immune activation and tissue damage. Classical apoptosis engages several mechanisms to evoke "immunologically silent" responses, whereas other forms of programmed death such as pyroptosis, necroptosis, and ferroptosis release molecules that can potentiate immune responses and inflammation. In ALS, a fatal neuromuscular disorder marked by progressive death of lower and upper motor neurons, several cell types in the CNS express machinery for multiple PCD pathways. The specific cell types engaging PCD, and ultimate mechanisms by which neuronal death occurs in ALS are not well defined. Here, we provide an overview of different PCD pathways implicated in ALS. We also examine immune activation in ALS and differentiate apoptosis from necrotic mechanisms based on downstream immunological consequences. Lastly, we highlight therapeutic strategies that target cell death pathways in the treatment of neurodegeneration and inflammation in ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan V Neel
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Himanish Basu
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Georgia Gunner
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Isaac M Chiu
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Lead contact
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Swain RM, Contreras L, Varela-Ramirez A, Hossain M, Das U, Valenzuela CA, Penichet ML, Dimmock JR, Aguilera RJ. Two novel piperidones induce apoptosis and antiproliferative effects on human prostate and lymphoma cancer cell lines. Invest New Drugs 2022; 40:905-921. [PMID: 35793039 PMCID: PMC9896656 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-022-01266-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cancer remains the second most common cause of death in the US. Due to a recurrent problem with anticancer drug resistance, there is a current need for anticancer drugs with distinct modes of action for combination drug therapy We have tested two novel piperidone compounds, named 2608 (1-dichloroacetyl - 3,5-bis(3,4-difluorobenzylidene)-4-piperidone) and 2610 (1-dichloroacetyl-3,5-bis(3,4-dichlorobenzylidene)-4-piperidone), for their potential cytotoxicity on numerous human cancer cell lines. We found that both compounds were cytotoxic for breast, pancreatic, leukemia, lymphoma, colon, and fibroblast cell lines, with a cytotoxic concentration 50% (CC50) in the low micromolar to nanomolar concentration range. Further assays focused primarily on an acute lymphoblastic lymphoma and colon cancer cell lines since they were the most sensitive and resistant to the experimental piperidones. The cell death mechanism was evaluated through assays commonly used to detect the induction of apoptosis. These assays revealed that both 2608 and 2610 induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, mitochondrial depolarization, and activated caspase-3/7. Our findings suggest that the piperidones induced cell death via the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. Additional assays revealed that both piperidones cause cell cycle alteration in lymphoma and colon cell lines. Both piperidones elicited DNA fragmentation, as evidenced by an increment in the sub-G0/G1 subpopulation in both cell lines. Similar to other related compounds, both piperidones were found to act as proteasome inhibitors by increasing the levels of poly-ubiquitinated proteins in both lymphoma and colon cell lines. Hence, the two piperidones exhibited attractive cytotoxic properties and suitable mechanisms of action, which makes them good candidates as anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Risa Mia Swain
- The Border Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, USA
| | - Lisett Contreras
- The Border Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, USA
| | - Armando Varela-Ramirez
- The Border Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, USA
| | | | - Umashankar Das
- Drug Discovery and Development Research Cluster, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Carlos A Valenzuela
- The Border Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, USA
| | - Manuel L Penichet
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, The Molecular Biology Institute, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, AIDS Institute, The University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), California, USA
| | - Jonathan R Dimmock
- Drug Discovery and Development Research Cluster, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Renato J Aguilera
- The Border Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, USA.
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Synthesis of 3-N-/O-/S-methyl-imidazo[1,2-a] pyridine derivatives for caspase-3 mediated apoptosis induced anticancer activity. Bioorg Chem 2022; 125:105882. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.105882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Mashaly MA, Saleh IG, Ashour AA, Mansour AM. The potential role of febrile condition in reversing the hepatoprotective effects of quercetin in the livers of LPS-presensitized mice. Life Sci 2022; 302:120647. [PMID: 35588863 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Consumption of nutraceuticals without enough data regarding their interactions has raised safety concerns. Importantly, consumption of some natural-products in health-compromised conditions has caused liver injury due to the evolved pro-oxidant load. This study evaluates the safety of quercetin (QUR), as an extensively-used flavonoid owing to its antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities, in normal- and lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-primed livers, and to investigate the influence of the LPS-induced mild inflammatory/febrile condition on QUR effects. MAIN METHODS For liver priming, a non-injurious LPS dose that mediates limited inflammation/mild fever was chosen. Selection of QUR dose/duration of treatment, for a coherent combination-regimen, was also adopted. Single LPS i.p injection (1.5 mg/kg)/oral QUR (20 mg/kg/day, IG) for 5-days was the optimal regimen for the combination group. On day-6, serum ALT/AST/ALP levels were measured, as liver-damage biomarkers. Hepatic; MDA/GSH were determined, as oxidative-stress measures, Bcl-2/cleaved-caspase-3 were assessed as apoptosis biomarkers, IL-6 expression/NF-κB/Nrf-2 immunoreactivities were evaluated as regulators for inflammation. KEY FINDINGS Exaggerated hepatic injury was seen upon QUR treatment in LPS-presensitized mice; as evidenced by liver histopathological degeneration, which was confirmed by biochemical elevations of serum AST/ALT/ALP, along with oxidant-burden increase (↑MDA/↓GSH) and molecular augmentation of inflammation (NF-κB/IL-6 activation) that led to enhancement of proapoptotic signaling (caspase-3 activation/Bcl-2 inhibition). Such events were accompanied by potentiation of endogenous anti-inflammatory/antioxidant response (↑ hepatic Nrf-2). SIGNIFICANCE The study highlights caution when QUR is consumed in health-compromised conditions, by revealing the role of fever/mild inflammation in enhancing liver toxicity upon QUR utilization, which was not apparent with moderate consumption of QUR-alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moamen Adel Mashaly
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim Ghalib Saleh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Amine Ashour
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed Mohamed Mansour
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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Qu Y, He Y, Meng B, Zhang X, Ding J, Kou X, Teng W, Shi S. Apoptotic vesicles inherit SOX2 from pluripotent stem cells to accelerate wound healing by energizing mesenchymal stem cells. Acta Biomater 2022; 149:258-272. [PMID: 35830925 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Billions of cells undergo apoptosis every day in the human body, resulting in the generation of a large number of apoptotic vesicles (apoVs) to maintain organ and tissue homeostasis. However, the characteristics and function of pluripotent stem cell (PSC)-derived apoVs (PSC-apoVs) are largely unknown. In this study, we showed that human embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) produced larger numbers of apoVs than human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UMSCs) do when induced by staurosporine. In addition to expressing the general apoV markers cleaved caspase 3, Annexin V, calreticulin, ALIX, CD63 and TSG101, ESC-apoVs inherited pluripotent-specific molecules SOX2 from ESCs in a caspase 3-dependent manner. Moreover, ESC-apoVs could promote mouse skin wound healing via transferring SOX2 into skin MSCs via activating Hippo signaling pathway. Collectively, these findings reveal that apoVs are capable of inheriting pluripotent molecules from ESCs to energize adult stem cells, suggesting the potential to use PSC-apoVs for clinical applications. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Apoptotic vesicles (apoVs) are essential to maintain organ and tissue homeostasis. However, the characteristics and function of pluripotent stem cell (PSC)-derived apoVs (PSC-apoVs) are largely unknown. This study showed that PSC-apoVs produced 100 times more apoVs than human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UMSCs). Despite expressing the general apoV makers, PSC-apoVs inherited pluripotent-specific molecule SOX2 from PSCs in a caspase 3-dependent manner. Moreover, PSC-apoVs promote mouse skin wound healing via transferring SOX2 into skin MSCs, thus activating Hippo signaling pathway. These findings reveal that apoVs are capable of inheriting pluripotent molecules from PSCs to energize adult stem cells, thus providing a cell-free strategy for clinical applications of PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Qu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, 510055, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yifan He
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, 510055, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bowen Meng
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, 510055, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Junjun Ding
- Department of Cell Biology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xiaoxing Kou
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, 510055, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Wei Teng
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China.
| | - Songtao Shi
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, 510055, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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Lu PWA, Chou CH, Yang JS, Hsieh YH, Tsai MY, Lu KH, Yang SF. HO-3867 Induces Apoptosis via the JNK Signaling Pathway in Human Osteosarcoma Cells. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14061257. [PMID: 35745828 PMCID: PMC9229449 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14061257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastatic osteosarcoma often results in poor prognosis despite the application of surgical en bloc excision along with chemotherapy. HO-3867 is a curcumin analog that induces cell apoptosis in several cancers, but the apoptotic effect and its mechanisms on osteosarcoma cells are still unknown. After observing the decrease in cellular viability of three human osteosarcoma U2OS, HOS, and MG-63 cell lines, and the induction of cellular apoptosis and arrest in sub-G1 phase in U2OS and HOS cells by HO-3867, the human apoptosis array showed that heme oxygenase (HO)-1 and cleaved caspase-3 expressions had significant increases after HO-3867 treatment in U2OS cells and vice versa for cellular inhibitors of apoptosis (cIAP)1 and X-chromosome-linked IAP (XIAP). Western blot analysis verified the results and showed that HO-3867 activated the initiators of both extrinsic caspase 8 and intrinsic caspase 9, and significantly increased cleaved PARP expression in U2OS and HOS cells. Moreover, with the addition of HO-3867, ERK1/2, and JNK1/2 phosphorylation were increased in U2OS and HOS cells. Using the inhibitor of JNK (JNK in 8), HO-3867’s increases in cleaved caspases 3, 8, and 9 could be expectedly suppressed, indicating that JNK signaling is responsible for both apoptotic pathways, including extrinsic and intrinsic, in U2OS and HOS cells caused by HO-3867. Through JNK signaling, HO-3867 has proven to be effective in causing both extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways of human osteosarcoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chia-Hsuan Chou
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (C.-H.C.); (J.-S.Y.); (Y.-H.H.); (M.-Y.T.)
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Sin Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (C.-H.C.); (J.-S.Y.); (Y.-H.H.); (M.-Y.T.)
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsien Hsieh
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (C.-H.C.); (J.-S.Y.); (Y.-H.H.); (M.-Y.T.)
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Ying Tsai
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (C.-H.C.); (J.-S.Y.); (Y.-H.H.); (M.-Y.T.)
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Ko-Hsiu Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (K.-H.L.); (S.-F.Y.); Tel.: +886-4-24739595-34253 (S.-F.Y.)
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (C.-H.C.); (J.-S.Y.); (Y.-H.H.); (M.-Y.T.)
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (K.-H.L.); (S.-F.Y.); Tel.: +886-4-24739595-34253 (S.-F.Y.)
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Synthesis and Anticancer Properties of New 3-Methylidene-1-sulfonyl-2,3-dihydroquinolin-4(1 H)-ones. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27113597. [PMID: 35684532 PMCID: PMC9181899 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Quinolinones have been known for a long time as broad-spectrum synthetic antibiotics. More recently, the anticancer potential of this group of compounds has been investigated. Following this direction, we obtained a small library of 3-methylidene-1-sulfonyl-2,3-dihydroquinolin-4(1H)-ones with various substituents at positions 1, 2, 6, and 7 of the quinolinone ring system. The cytotoxic activity of the synthesized analogs was tested in the MTT assay on two cancer cell lines in order to determine the structure–activity relationship. All compounds produced high cytotoxic effects in MCF-7, and even higher in HL-60 cells. 2-Ethyl-3-methylidene-1-phenylsulfonyl-2,3-dihydroquinolin-4(1H)-one, which was over 5-fold more cytotoxic for HL-60 than for normal HUVEC cells, was selected for further tests. This analog was shown to inhibit proliferation and induce DNA damage and apoptosis in HL-60 cells.
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Evaluation of Apoptosis and Autophagy Activities in the Brain of Dogs Naturally Infected with Canine Distemper Virus Based on Changes in Apoptotic and Autophagic Markers. ACTA VET-BEOGRAD 2022. [DOI: 10.2478/acve-2022-0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
This study investig ated the activation of apoptosis and autophagy in CDV infected brain tissues of dogs with acute neurological signs, by determining Cas-3, Cas-8, Cas-9, Bax, Bcl-2, LC3B, and Beclin-1 expression with real-time PCR. The expression levels of Beclin-1 and LC3B, autophagy markers, were significantly up-regulated in comparison with the control group (p < 0.001). The expression levels of apoptotic markers Cas-3, Cas-8, Cas-9 and Bax were slightly up-regulated, but Bcl-2 was slightly down-regulated in contrast to the control group (p < 0.05). Therefore, the autophagy markers were more activated than apoptotic markers in dogs with acute neurological signs. In conclusion, autophagy takes part in the pathogenesis of demyelination in canine distemper. Knowing this may be helpful to create new therapeutic strategies, such as new effective antiviral medicines.
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Ho HY, Chen PJ, Chuang YC, Lo YS, Lin CC, Hsieh MJ, Chen MK. Picrasidine I Triggers Heme Oxygenase-1-Induced Apoptosis in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells via ERK and Akt Signaling Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116103. [PMID: 35682782 PMCID: PMC9181417 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) has a higher incidence in Taiwan than worldwide. Although it is a radiosensitive malignancy, cancer recurrence is still high in the advanced stages because of its ability to induce lymph node metastasis. Picrasidine I from Picrasma quassioides has been reported as a potential drug for targeting multiple signaling pathways. The present study aimed to explore the role of picrasidine I in the apoptosis of NPC cells. Our results show that picrasidine I induced cytotoxic effects in NPC cells and caused cell cycle arrest in the sub-G1, S, and G2/M phases. Western blot analysis further demonstrated that the modulation of apoptosis through the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways was involved in picrasidine I-induced cell death. Downregulation of the ERK1/2 and Akt signaling pathways was also found in picrasidine I-induced apoptosis. Additionally, the apoptosis array showed that picrasidine I significantly increased heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression, which could act as a critical molecule in picrasidine I-induced apoptosis in NPC cells. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets also revealed that the HMOX1 mRNA level (HO-1) is lower in patients with head and neck squamous carcinoma (HNSCC) and NPC than in patients without cancer. Our study indicated that picrasidine I exerts anticancer effects in NPC by modulating HO-1 via the ERK and Akt signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Yu Ho
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan; (H.-Y.H.); (Y.-C.C.); (Y.-S.L.); (C.-C.L.)
| | - Ping-Ju Chen
- Department of Dentistry, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan;
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ching Chuang
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan; (H.-Y.H.); (Y.-C.C.); (Y.-S.L.); (C.-C.L.)
| | - Yu-Sheng Lo
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan; (H.-Y.H.); (Y.-C.C.); (Y.-S.L.); (C.-C.L.)
| | - Chia-Chieh Lin
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan; (H.-Y.H.); (Y.-C.C.); (Y.-S.L.); (C.-C.L.)
| | - Ming-Ju Hsieh
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan; (H.-Y.H.); (Y.-C.C.); (Y.-S.L.); (C.-C.L.)
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (M.-J.H.); (M.-K.C.); Tel.: +886-4-7238595 (M.-J.H. & M.-K.C.); Fax: +886-4-7232942 (M.-J.H. & M.-K.C.)
| | - Mu-Kuan Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (M.-J.H.); (M.-K.C.); Tel.: +886-4-7238595 (M.-J.H. & M.-K.C.); Fax: +886-4-7232942 (M.-J.H. & M.-K.C.)
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Huang CY, Chien JH, Chang KF, Hsiao CY, Huang YC, Chen YT, Hsu MY, Hsieh MC, Tsai NM. Cedrus atlantica extract exerts antiproliferative effect on colorectal cancer through the induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Food Sci Nutr 2022; 10:1638-1648. [PMID: 35592288 PMCID: PMC9094448 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cedrus atlantica is a tree species found in Morocco with many clinical benefits in genitourinary, musculoskeletal, and skin systems. Previous studies have reported that extracts of Cedrus atlantica have antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer properties. However, its role in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unclear. The present study investigated the effects and underlying mechanisms of Cedrus atlantica extract (CAt) using HT-29 (human colorectal adenocarcinoma) and CT-26 CRC cell lines. The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was performed to measure cell viability. Flow cytometry analysis and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay were used to study the cell cycle and cell apoptosis, respectively. The expression of cell cycle and apoptosis-associated proteins was detected by western blotting or immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. CAt showed significant inhibitory effects on the proliferation of HT-29 and CT-26 cells, and combined with the clinical drug, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), exhibited synergistic effects. CAt induced cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase through the upregulation of p53/p21 and the downregulation of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs)/cyclins. In addition, CAt-treated cells exhibited chromatin condensation, DNA fragmentation, and apoptotic bodies, which are typical characteristics of apoptosis activated via both the extrinsic (Fas ligand (FasL)/Fas/caspase-8) and intrinsic (Bax/caspase-9) pathways. Importantly, CAt suppressed tumor progression and prolonged the life span of mice within a well-tolerated dose. Therefore, our findings provide novel insights into the use of CAt for the treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Yuan Huang
- Devision of Nephrology Department of Internal Medicine Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital Chia-Yi Taiwan, ROC.,Department of Sport Management College of Recreation and Health Management Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science Tainan Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ju-Huei Chien
- Department of Research Taichung Tzu-Chi Hospital Buddhist Tzu-Chi Medical Foundation Taichung Taiwan, ROC.,Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taichung Taiwan, ROC
| | - Kai-Fu Chang
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology Chung Shan Medical University Taichung Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chih-Yen Hsiao
- Devision of Nephrology Department of Internal Medicine Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital Chia-Yi Taiwan, ROC.,Department of Hospital and Health Care Administration Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science Tainan Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ya-Chih Huang
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology Chung Shan Medical University Taichung Taiwan, ROC.,Institute of Medicine Chung Shan Medical University Taichung Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yi-Ting Chen
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology Chung Shan Medical University Taichung Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ming-Yi Hsu
- Department of Nursing Chung Shan Medical University Taichung Taiwan, ROC.,Department of Nursing Chung Shan Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ming-Chang Hsieh
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology Chung Shan Medical University Taichung Taiwan, ROC.,Clinical Laboratory Chung Shan Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan, ROC
| | - Nu-Man Tsai
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology Chung Shan Medical University Taichung Taiwan, ROC.,Clinical Laboratory Chung Shan Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan, ROC.,Department of Life-and-Death Studies Nanhua University Chiayi Taiwan, ROC
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Zhang Y, Song C, Ni W, Pei Q, Wang C, Ying Y, Yao M. HSP70 Ameliorates Septic Acute Kidney Injury via Binding with TRAF6 to Inhibit of Inflammation-Mediated Apoptosis. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:2213-2228. [PMID: 35411167 PMCID: PMC8994667 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s352717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Methods Results Conclusion
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqiu Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chenlu Song
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Ni
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing Pei
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Caixia Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Youguo Ying
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Yao
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Min Yao; Youguo Ying, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, People’s Republic of China, Email ;
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Mamur S, Gündüzer E, Yaman M. Toxicological aspect of bioinsecticide pyrethrum extract and expressions of apoptotic gene levels in human hepotacellular carcinoma HepG2 cells. Toxicol Mech Methods 2022; 32:373-384. [PMID: 35321623 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2022.2057266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Pyrethrum extract (PE), an important natural bioinsecticide, is extensively used across the world to control pest insects in homes and farms. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential cytotoxic effect of PE using MTT assay and genotoxic effect using micronucleus (MN) assay. The changes in the expressions of the apoptosis genes in mRNA levels were also investigated using Real Time qPCR analysis as well as the ratio of apoptotic/necrotic cells with AnnexinV-FITC/Propidium iodide (PI) assay in HepG2 cells. PE markedly suppressed the cell proliferation on HepG2 cells. It significantly increased the frequency of micronucleus (MN) at 500 and 1000 µg/mL. PE also induced the percentage of cell population of late apoptotic/necrotic cells (FITC + PI+) and necrotic cells (FITC- PI+) especially at 4000 μg/mL analyzed by flow cytometry. PE caused significant fold changes in the expression of several apoptotic genes including APAF1, BIK, BAX, BAD, BİD, MCL-1, CASP3, CASP1, CASP2, FAS, FADD and TNFRSF1A. In particularly, the pro-apoptotic gene Hrk (Harakiri) remarkably and dose-dependently was overexpressed of the mRNA level. As a result, PE may exhibit cyto-genotoxic effects especially at higher concentrations and lead to significant changes in the expression of mRNA levels in several apoptotic genes.Highlights [Database][Mismatch]Natural bioinsecticide PE exhibited cytotoxic effect in HepG2 cells.PE significantly induced the micronucleus (MN) frequency at 500 and 1000 µg/mL.This bioinsecticide induced cell death and it lead to significant fold changes in the expression of mRNA levels in several apoptotic genes in HepG2 cells.The highest increase of the expression of mRNA levels was determined in Hrk (Harakiri) at 4000 µg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevcan Mamur
- Gazi University, Life Sciences Application and Research Center, 06830, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Esra Gündüzer
- Gazi University, Science Faculty, Deparment of Biology, 06560, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Melek Yaman
- Gazi University, Medicine Faculty, Department of Immunology, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
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Protective potential of royal jelly against hydroxyurea -induced hepatic injury in rats via antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptosis properties. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0265261. [PMID: 35303036 PMCID: PMC8932593 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydroxyurea (HDU) is a widely used medication for various malignancies, thalassemia, and sickle cell anemia with reported side effects. The current study investigated HDU- induced hepatic injury and the protective potential of the royal jelly (RJ) against this hepatotoxic effect in the light of hepatic oxidative/ antioxidative status, pro-inflammatory cytokine, apoptosis signaling pathway, and histopathology. Sixty albino rats were used (n = 10/group) for 60 days: control, RJ (100 mg/kg body weight, orally), HDU (225 mg/kg body weight, orally), 2HDU (450 mg/kg body weight, orally), and HDU + RJ groups. HDU-treated rats showed significant elevation of liver function tests as aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase, as well as malondialdehyde and nitric oxide (oxidative biomarkers) and significant decreased hepatic antioxidant molecules (reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase), compared to a control group, that more pronounced in the high dose of HDU. In addition, HDU induced significant upregulation of TNF-α and the Caspase-3 apoptotic pathway. Moreover, the liver of HDU treated groups showed various hepatic lesions from mild to severe necrotic changes related to the HDU dose. However, administration of RJ with HDU improved liver function tests, liver histology, and hepatic oxidative/antioxidative status concerning HDU groups. Furthermore, oral RJ administration with HDU significantly lessens the immune-expression area % of TNF-α and Caspase-3. Thus, the royal jelly has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties against HDU- induced hepatic injury and could be, therefore, used as adjuvant therapy in patients with long-term HDU medication.
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Falih SMJ, Al-Saray ST, Alfaris AA, Al-Ali AAA. The synergistic effect of eucalyptus oil and retinoic acid on human esophagus cancer cell line SK-GT-4. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43042-022-00259-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
In order to improve cancer patients' chances of survival, scientists have prioritized finding alternatives to chemotherapy, focusing their efforts on natural sources. The current study investigates the anti-cancer action of retinoic acid and Eucalyptus oil in esophageal cancer and studies their combined effect as well as the cellular pathways that each trigger as part of ongoing research in this field. As a model of esophageal cancer, the SK-GT-4 cancer cell line was treated with a series of concentrations of both materials.
Results
The concentrations of Eucalyptus oil (10, 100, 1000, and 1500 g/mL) and Retinoic acid (5, 100, 150, and 200 M/mL) were used for treatment of cells. The MTT test was used to assess the anti-cancer activity of Eucalyptus oil and Retinoic acid, and qPCR was used to determine cellular pathways. Our findings show that both Eucalyptus oil and Retinoic acid inhibit cancer cell growth significantly. Our findings revealed that the IC50 values for eucalyptus oil were 63 g/mL and 111.3 M l/mL for retinoic acid. Furthermore, the impact was at the level that causes apoptosis. The findings suggested that any herbal substance could act as an inducer of the caspase-9-dependent pathway. The caspase-8-dependent pathway, on the other hand, was restricted to retinoic acid.
Conclusion
Our research discovered that the two chemicals worked together to create a synergistic effect. This synergistic effect could be attributed to a close connection between external and internal apoptotic pathways, which inhibits SK-GT-4 cell growth.
Graphical Abstract
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Characterization of chikusetsusaponin IV and V induced apoptosis in HepG2 cancer cells. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:4247-4255. [PMID: 35212926 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07259-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chikusetsusaponin IV and V (CsIV and CsV), two typical oleanolic acid saponins, are mainly derived from the rhizome of Panax japonicus C.A. Mey. To reveal the anti-cancer effect of CsIV and CsV on liver cancer cells, human hepatic cancer cell lines (HepG2) were exposed to these saponins, and various physiological responses of HepG2 were investigated. METHODS AND RESULTS HepG2 cells were treated with CsIV, CsV and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Cell proliferation was measured by CCK-8 assay. The cell cycle arrest, cell apoptosis and intracellular Ca2+ levels were respectively identified by flow cytometry. The mitochondrial membrane potential was detected by fluorescence microscopy. And, the levels of apoptosis-related proteins were analyzed by western blotting. Both CsIV and CsV were demonstrated to inhibit cell viability, and induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of HepG2 in a dose-dependent manner. They also enhanced the intracellular Ca2+ level and decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential in HepG2 cells. Furthermore, p53 and p21 were found up-regulated in HepG2 cells treated by CsIV and CsV. The apoptotic proteins, bax, cytochrome c, cleaved caspase-3/-9, were all found activated in HepG2 cells after CsIV and CsV treatment. The anti-apoptotic protein, bcl-2, was significantly down-regulated in all treated HepG2 cells. CONCLUSION Our data demonstrated that CsIV and CsV exerted significant cytotoxic effects on HepG2 cells without affecting normal liver cells. And, these chikusetsusaponins, especially for CsIV, showed a potent effect on promoting cell apoptosis in HepG2 cells, which was associated with the activation of p53-mediated apoptosis pathway.
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