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Lu P, Ruan D, Huang M, Tian M, Zhu K, Gan Z, Xiao Z. Harnessing the potential of hydrogels for advanced therapeutic applications: current achievements and future directions. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:166. [PMID: 38945949 PMCID: PMC11214942 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01852-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The applications of hydrogels have expanded significantly due to their versatile, highly tunable properties and breakthroughs in biomaterial technologies. In this review, we cover the major achievements and the potential of hydrogels in therapeutic applications, focusing primarily on two areas: emerging cell-based therapies and promising non-cell therapeutic modalities. Within the context of cell therapy, we discuss the capacity of hydrogels to overcome the existing translational challenges faced by mainstream cell therapy paradigms, provide a detailed discussion on the advantages and principal design considerations of hydrogels for boosting the efficacy of cell therapy, as well as list specific examples of their applications in different disease scenarios. We then explore the potential of hydrogels in drug delivery, physical intervention therapies, and other non-cell therapeutic areas (e.g., bioadhesives, artificial tissues, and biosensors), emphasizing their utility beyond mere delivery vehicles. Additionally, we complement our discussion on the latest progress and challenges in the clinical application of hydrogels and outline future research directions, particularly in terms of integration with advanced biomanufacturing technologies. This review aims to present a comprehensive view and critical insights into the design and selection of hydrogels for both cell therapy and non-cell therapies, tailored to meet the therapeutic requirements of diverse diseases and situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peilin Lu
- Nanomedicine Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, PR China
- Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional Radiology, and Laboratory of Interventional Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, PR China
| | - Dongxue Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute for Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, PR China
| | - Meiqi Huang
- Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional Radiology, and Laboratory of Interventional Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, PR China
| | - Mi Tian
- Department of Stomatology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, 610021, PR China
| | - Kangshun Zhu
- Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional Radiology, and Laboratory of Interventional Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, PR China.
| | - Ziqi Gan
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, PR China.
| | - Zecong Xiao
- Nanomedicine Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, PR China.
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Tozuka T, Noro R, Yoshida K, Takahashi S, Hirao M, Matsuda K, Kato Y, Nakamichi S, Takeuchi S, Matsumoto M, Miyanaga A, Kunugi S, Honda K, Adachi J, Seike M. Phosphoproteomic Analysis Identified Mutual Phosphorylation of FAK and Src as a Mechanism of Osimertinib Resistance in EGFR-Mutant Lung Cancer. JTO Clin Res Rep 2024; 5:100668. [PMID: 38646155 PMCID: PMC11031815 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtocrr.2024.100668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Osimertinib is a standard treatment for patients with EGFR-mutant NSCLC. Although some osimertinib resistance mechanisms have been identified, nearly 50% of the mechanisms remain to be elucidated. This study was aimed at identifying non-genetic mechanisms underlying osimertinib resistance. Methods We established two osimertinib-resistant cell lines from EGFR mutation-positive PC-9 and HCC827 NSCLC cell lines (PC-9OR and HCC827OR, respectively) using a stepwise method. We compared the phosphoproteomic profiles of the osimertinib-resistant and parental cells using mass spectrometry. Upstream kinases were identified using the application Kinase Enrichment Analysis version 3. Results Phosphoproteomic analysis revealed 80 phosphorylation sites that were mutually up-regulated in PC-9OR and HCC827OR cells. The Kinase Enrichment Analysis version 3 analysis identified focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src (Src) as upstream kinases of these up-regulated phosphoproteins. The small-interfering RNA-mediated knockdown of FAK reduced Src phosphorylation and that of Src reduced FAK phosphorylation in both cell lines. Furthermore, FAK- or Src-specific small-interfering RNA treatments restored EGFR phosphorylation in PC-9OR and HCC827OR cells. The combination of FAK and Src inhibitors inhibited PC-9OR and HCC827OR cell proliferation in vitro and suppressed tumor growth in a xenograft mouse model. Immunohistochemistry of tumors from patients with EGFR-mutant NSCLC suggested that phosphorylated FAK and Src are involved in initial and acquired resistance to osimertinib. Conclusions Phosphoproteomic analysis may help elucidate the mechanisms of resistance to molecular-targeted therapies in lung cancer. Mutual phosphorylation of FAK and Src is involved in osimertinib resistance. Thus, FAK and Src inhibition may be novel treatment strategies for osimertinib-resistant NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takehiro Tozuka
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rintaro Noro
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keisuke Yoshida
- Department of Bioregulation, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Takahashi
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mariko Hirao
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kuniko Matsuda
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kato
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinji Nakamichi
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Susumu Takeuchi
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaru Matsumoto
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihiko Miyanaga
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinobu Kunugi
- Department of Analytic Human Pathology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazufumi Honda
- Department of Bioregulation, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
- Institution for Advanced Medical Science, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Adachi
- Laboratory of Proteomics for Drug Discovery, Center for Drug Design Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masahiro Seike
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
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Deng Y, Chen L, Zhang Q, Xu Y. PPFIBP1 activates NF-κB signaling to enhance chemoresistance of multiple myeloma. Transl Oncol 2023; 37:101765. [PMID: 37619524 PMCID: PMC10458954 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2023.101765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Easily developed chemoresistance is a major characteristic of multiple myeloma (MM) and the main obstacle in curing MM in the clinic, but the key regulators have not been fully identified. In the current study, we find that PPFIA Binding Protein 1 (PPFIBP1) is highly expressed in the plasma cells from MM patients, and higher PPFIBP1 expression predicts poorer outcomes. PPFPIBP1 enhances chemoresistance of MM cells to the treatment of bortezomib (BTZ), a proteasome inhibitor, and manipulation of PPFPIBP1 can alter chemosensitivity of MM cells to BTZ. Mechanistic studies reveal that PPFPIBP1 directly binds and stabilizes RelA, promotes the cyto-nuclear translocation of RelA, and activates NF-κB signaling pathway. Targeting PPFPIBP1 in a xenograft mouse model of MM prohibits tumor growth and prolongs overall survival of mice. Taken together, our findings suggest that PPFIBP1 is a crucial regulator of chemoresistance to PIs in MM cells, and shed light on developing therapeutic strategies to overcome chemoresistance by targeting PPFIBP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Deng
- Department of Oncology, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lanting Chen
- Department of Hematology, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiguo Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Department of Hematology, Chuzhou First People's Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Chuzhou, Anhui, China
| | - Yinyin Xu
- Clinical Laboratory of Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, No.439 Xuanhua Rd, Chongqing 402160, China.
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Erdogan MA, Yılmaz OA. Rottlerin and genistein inhibit neuroblastoma cell proliferation and invasion through EF2K suppression and related protein pathways. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:2481-2500. [PMID: 37083712 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02473-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is one of the most common solid tumors in children younger than 1 year of age, with poor prognosis and survival rates. Therefore, novel molecular targets and therapeutic strategies are needed to prolong patient survival. For this purpose, we investigated the effects of rottlerin and genistein separately and in combination on neuroblastoma cells (SH-SY5Y, Kelly). First, the effects of rottlerin and genistein were investigated on cell proliferation. Different rottlerin (1-50 µM) and genistein (5-150 µM) doses were used as experimental groups compared to the control (DMSO/vehicle). The IC50 dose was found to be 5 µM for rottlerin and 30 µM for genistein (P < 0.0001). Other analyses, such as colony formation assays, annexin V/propidium iodide staining, matrigel invasion assays, and Western blot analysis, were performed with these doses and their combinations. To assess statistical significance, statistical analysis was conducted using the one-way ANOVA with the post hoc Tukey test. Our results showed that IC50 doses of rottlerin and genistein induced a significant reduction in cell proliferation, colony formation, and invasion in neuroblastoma cells (P < 0.0001). The combination of these doses increased the levels of inhibition of cell proliferation and invasion while decreasing the level of apoptosis (P 0.0001). Furthermore, these agents caused G1-cell cycle arrest in these cells. Our western blot data showed that rottlerin and genistein treatments markedly inhibit elongation factor 2 kinase (EF2K) and other pro-tumorigenic, metastatic proteins in neuroblastoma cells. These agents probably showed their anti-proliferative, anti-metastatic, and pro-apoptotic effects through EF2K downregulation. Our results suggested that rottlerin and genistein have inhibitory effects on cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and cell cycle and induce apoptosis in both cell lines. Combined treatment with rottlerin and genistein may be a viable approach and beneficial to neuroblastoma patients as the combined effect significantly suppresses the above-mentioned pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mumin Alper Erdogan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey.
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Ozlem Alkan Yılmaz
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
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Tang J, Huang Q, Li X, Gu S. Comprehensive analysis of the oncogenic and immunological role of SPON2 in human tumors. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e35122. [PMID: 37713832 PMCID: PMC10508437 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000035122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sapiens spondin-2 (SPON2) is a protein found in the extracellular matrix that plays a role in a number of processes, including immune reactions and cell adhesion, and is closely linked to the emergence of a number of tumor types. However, we know very little about Sapiens spondin-2. Therefore, we performed a systematic pan-carcinogenic analysis to explore the relationship between Sapiens spondin-2 and cancers. MATERIALS AND METHODS By comprehensive use of datasets from TCGA, GEO, GTEx, HPA, CPTAC, GEPIA2, TIMER2, cBioPortal, STRING, we adopted bioinformatics methods to dig up the potential carcinogenesis of SPON2, including dissecting the correlation between SPON2 and gene expression, prognosis, gene mutation, Immunohistochemistry staining, immune cell infiltration, and constructed the interaction network of a total of 54 SPON2-binding proteins as well as explored the enrichment analysis of SPON2-related partners. RESULTS The expression of Sapiens spondin-2 in most tumor tissues was higher than that of normal tissues. In addition, SPON2 showed the early diagnostic value in 33 kinds of tumors and was positively or negatively associated with the prognosis of different tumors. It also validates that SPON2 is the gene associated with the majority of immune-infiltrating cells in pan-cancer. High SPON2 expression is associated with tumor progression related pathways. CONCLUSION We found and validated the potential use of SPON2 in cancer detection for the first time through pan-cancer analysis. The expression levels of SPON2 in various tumors were quite different from those in normal tissues. Furthermore, the performance of SPON2 in tumorigenesis and tumor immunity verified our hypothesis. At the same time, it has high specificity and sensitivity in cancer detection. Therefore, SPON2 can be employed as an auxiliary index for the initial diagnosis of tumors and a prognostic marker for various types of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Tang
- College of Environment and Public Health, Xiamen Huaxia University, Xiamen, P.R. China
| | - Qing Huang
- College of Environment and Public Health, Xiamen Huaxia University, Xiamen, P.R. China
| | - Xuanwen Li
- Graduate School of Health Science, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Suzuka, Japan
| | - Shinong Gu
- College of Environment and Public Health, Xiamen Huaxia University, Xiamen, P.R. China
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Niu SW, Wu CH, Chen HC, Yang CJ, Chang JM, Chang EE, Chuang HH, Chiu YW, Zhen YY, Hung CC, Hwang SJ. Proteins Secreted by Lung Cancer Cells Induce the Onset of Proteinuria via Focal Adhesion Kinase Signaling in Mice. J Transl Med 2023; 103:100156. [PMID: 37119854 DOI: 10.1016/j.labinv.2023.100156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Paraneoplastic nephrotic syndrome (PNS) is a complication seen in cancer patients. Ultrastructural examination shows the accumulation of proteins and the presence of foot process (FP) effacement in the glomeruli of PNS patients. Previously, we reported that orthotopic xenografts of Lewis lung carcinoma 1 in C57BL/6 mice caused them to develop lung cancer with albuminuria. This implies that these mice can be used as a model of human disease and suggests that Lewis lung carcinoma 1 cell-secreted proteins (LCSePs) contain nephrotoxic molecules and cause inflammation in renal cells. As podocyte effacement was present in glomeruli in this model, such podocyte injury may be attributable to either soluble LCSeP or LCSeP deposits triggering pathological progression. LCSePs in conditioned media was concentrated for nephrotoxicity testing. Integrin-focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling and inflammatory responses were evaluated in podocytes either exposed to soluble LCSePs or seeded onto substrates with immobilized LCSePs. FAK phosphorylation and interleukin-6 expression were higher in podocytes attached to LCSePs substrates than in those exposed to soluble LCSePs. Notably, LCSeP-based haptotaxis gave rise to altered signaling in podocytes. When podocytes were stimulated by immobilized LCSePs, FAK accumulated at focal adhesions, synaptopodin dissociated from F-actin, and disrupting the interactions between synaptopodin and α-actinin was observed. When FAK was inhibited by PF-573228 in immobilized LCSePs, the association between synaptopodin and α-actinin was observed in the podocytes. The association of synaptopodin and α-actinin with F-actin allowed FP stretching, establishing a functional glomerular filtration barrier. Therefore, in this mouse model of lung cancer, FAK signaling prompts podocyte FP effacement and proteinuria, indicative of PNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Wen Niu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hsing Wu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Chun Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Jen Yang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jer-Ming Chang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Eddy Essen Chang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Hao Chuang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Wen Chiu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Yi Zhen
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chih Hung
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Shang-Jyh Hwang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Bhavsar SP. Metastasis in neuroblastoma: the MYCN question. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1196861. [PMID: 37274289 PMCID: PMC10233040 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1196861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Oncogenic drivers like MYCN in neuroblastoma subsets continues to present a significant challenge owing to its strong correlation with high-risk metastatic disease and poor prognosis. However, only a limited number of MYCN-regulatory proteins associated with tumor initiation and progression have been elucidated. In this minireview, I summarize the recent progress in understanding the functional role of MYCN and its regulatory partners in neuroblastoma metastasis.
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Jiang F, Zhu T, Yang C, Chen Y, Fu Z, Jiang L, Liu Y. Pachymic Acid Inhibits Growth and Metastatic Potential in Liver Cancer HepG2 and Huh7 Cells. Biol Pharm Bull 2023; 46:35-41. [PMID: 36273899 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b22-00440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Pachymic acid (PA), exacted from Polyporaceae, has been known for its biological activities including diuretic, dormitive, anti-oxidant, anti-aging, anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties in several types of diseases. Recently, studies have demonstrated that PA could suppress cell growth and induce cell apoptosis in different kinds of cancer cells. But the underlying mechanisms remain poorly elucidated. In the current study, we investigated the effect of pachymic acid on liver cancer cells and its underlying mechanisms. Our results evidenced that pachymic acid effectively inhibited the cell growth and metastatic potential in HepG2 and Huh7 cells. Mechanistically, we revealed that pachymic acid triggered cell apoptosis by increasing caspase 3 and caspase 9 cleavage, upregulating Bax and cytochrome c expression, while reducing the expression of Bcl2. Besides, pachymic acid could markedly inhibit the cell invasion and migration and cell metastatic potential by mediating epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers and metastasis-associated genes in HepG2 and Huh7 cells. In addition, we demonstrated that FAK-Src-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)-matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) axis was involved in PA-inhibited liver cell EMT. Together, these results contribute to our deeper understanding of the anti-cancer effects of pachymic acid on liver cancer cells. This study also provided compelling evidence that PA might be a potential therapeutic agent for liver cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University
| | - Tieming Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University
| | - Chunfeng Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University
| | - Zhidong Fu
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University
| | - Lihui Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University
| | - Yongzhi Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University
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VanHeyst KA, Choi SH, Kingsley DT, Huang AY. Ectopic Tumor VCAM-1 Expression in Cancer Metastasis and Therapy Resistance. Cells 2022; 11:cells11233922. [PMID: 36497180 PMCID: PMC9735769 DOI: 10.3390/cells11233922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 (VCAM-1; CD106) is a membrane protein that contributes critical physiologic functional roles in cellular immune response, including leukocyte extravasation in inflamed and infected tissues. Expressed as a cell membrane protein, VCAM-1 can also be cleaved from the cell surface into a soluble form (sVCAM-1). The integrin α4β1 (VLA-4) was identified as the first major ligand for VCAM-1. Ongoing studies suggest that, in addition to mediating physiologic immune functions, VCAM-1/VLA-4 signaling plays an increasingly vital role in the metastatic progression of various tumors. Additionally, elevated concentrations of sVCAM-1 have been found in the peripheral blood of patients with cancer, suggesting the tumor microenvironment (TME) as the source of sVCAM-1. Furthermore, over-expression of VLA-4 was linked to tumor progression in various malignancies when VCAM-1 was also up-regulated. This review explores the functional role of VCAM-1 expression in cancer metastasis and therapy resistance, and the potential for the disruption of VCAM-1/VLA-4 signaling as a novel immunotherapeutic approach in cancer, including osteosarcoma, which disproportionately affects the pediatric, adolescent and young adult population, as an unmet medical need.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen A. VanHeyst
- Center for Pediatric Immunotherapy at Rainbow, Angie Fowler AYA Cancer Institute, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, UH Rainbow Babies and Children’s Hospital, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Sung Hee Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | | | - Alex Y. Huang
- Center for Pediatric Immunotherapy at Rainbow, Angie Fowler AYA Cancer Institute, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, UH Rainbow Babies and Children’s Hospital, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-216-368-1271
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Trang NTK, Yoo H. Antitumor effects of valdecoxib on hypopharyngeal squamous carcinoma cells. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 26:439-446. [PMID: 36302619 PMCID: PMC9614398 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2022.26.6.439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The antitumoral effects of valdecoxib (Val), an United States Food and Drug Administration-approved anti-inflammatory drug that was withdrawn due to the side effects of increased risk of cardiovascular adverse events, were investigated in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma cells by performing a cell viability assay, transwell assay, immunofluorescence imaging, and Western blotting. Val markedly inhibited cell viability with an IC50 of 67.3 μM after 48 h of treatment, and also downregulated cell cycle proteins such as Cdks and their regulatory cyclin units. Cell migration and invasion were severely suppressed by inhibiting integrin α4/FAK expression. In addition, Val activated the cell cycle checkpoint CHK2 in response to excessive DNA damage, which led to the activation of caspase-3/9 and induced caspase-dependent apoptosis. Furthermore, the signaling cascades of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways were significantly inhibited by Val treatment. Taken together, our results indicate that Val can be used for the treatment of hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Thi Kieu Trang
- Department of Pharmacology and Dental Therapeutics, College of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea,Department of Pharmacy, Thai Binh University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Thai Binh City 06000, Vietnam
| | - Hoon Yoo
- Department of Pharmacology and Dental Therapeutics, College of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea,Correspondence Hoon Yoo, E-mail:
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Torres-Gomez A, Fiyouzi T, Guerra-Espinosa C, Cardeñes B, Clares I, Toribio V, Reche PA, Cabañas C, Lafuente EM. Expression of the phagocytic receptors αMβ2 and αXβ2 is controlled by RIAM, VASP and Vinculin in neutrophil-differentiated HL-60 cells. Front Immunol 2022; 13:951280. [PMID: 36238292 PMCID: PMC9552961 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.951280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of the integrin phagocytic receptors CR3 (αMβ2, CD11b/CD18) and CR4 (αXβ2, CD11c/CD18) requires Rap1 activation and RIAM function. RIAM controls integrin activation by recruiting Talin to β2 subunits, enabling the Talin-Vinculin interaction, which in term bridges integrins to the actin-cytoskeleton. RIAM also recruits VASP to phagocytic cups and facilitates VASP phosphorylation and function promoting particle internalization. Using a CRISPR-Cas9 knockout approach, we have analyzed the requirement for RIAM, VASP and Vinculin expression in neutrophilic-HL-60 cells. All knockout cells displayed abolished phagocytosis that was accompanied by a significant and specific reduction in ITGAM (αM), ITGAX (αX) and ITGB2 (β2) mRNA, as revealed by RT-qPCR. RIAM, VASP and Vinculin KOs presented reduced cellular F-actin content that correlated with αM expression, as treatment with the actin filament polymerizing and stabilizing drug jasplakinolide, partially restored αM expression. In general, the expression of αX was less responsive to jasplakinolide treatment than αM, indicating that regulatory mechanisms independent of F-actin content may be involved. The Serum Response Factor (SRF) was investigated as the potential transcription factor controlling αMβ2 expression, since its coactivator MRTF-A requires actin polymerization to induce transcription. Immunofluorescent MRTF-A localization in parental cells was primarily nuclear, while in knockouts it exhibited a diffuse cytoplasmic pattern. Localization of FHL-2 (SRF corepressor) was mainly sub-membranous in parental HL-60 cells, but in knockouts the localization was disperse in the cytoplasm and the nucleus, suggesting RIAM, VASP and Vinculin are required to maintain FHL-2 close to cytoplasmic membranes, reducing its nuclear localization and inhibiting its corepressor activity. Finally, reexpression of VASP in the VASP knockout resulted in a complete reversion of the phenotype, as knock-ins restored αM expression. Taken together, our results suggest that RIAM, VASP and Vinculin, are necessary for the correct expression of αMβ2 and αXβ2 during neutrophilic differentiation in the human promyelocytic HL-60 cell line, and strongly point to an involvement of these proteins in the acquisition of a phagocytic phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Torres-Gomez
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Inflammatory Diseases and Immune Disorders (Lymphocyte Immunobiology Unit), Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Esther M. Lafuente, ; Alvaro Torres-Gomez,
| | - Tara Fiyouzi
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Inflammatory Diseases and Immune Disorders (Lymphocyte Immunobiology Unit), Madrid, Spain
| | - Claudia Guerra-Espinosa
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Cardeñes
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Inflammatory Diseases and Immune Disorders (Lymphocyte Immunobiology Unit), Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Clares
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Inflammatory Diseases and Immune Disorders (Lymphocyte Immunobiology Unit), Madrid, Spain
| | - Víctor Toribio
- Tissue and Organ Homeostasis Program (Cell-Cell Communication and Inflammation Unit), Centre for Molecular Biology "Severo Ochoa", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro A. Reche
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Inflammatory Diseases and Immune Disorders (Lymphocyte Immunobiology Unit), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Cabañas
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Inflammatory Diseases and Immune Disorders (Lymphocyte Immunobiology Unit), Madrid, Spain
- Tissue and Organ Homeostasis Program (Cell-Cell Communication and Inflammation Unit), Centre for Molecular Biology "Severo Ochoa", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther M. Lafuente
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Inflammatory Diseases and Immune Disorders (Lymphocyte Immunobiology Unit), Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Esther M. Lafuente, ; Alvaro Torres-Gomez,
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12
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ITGA5 Promotes Tumor Progression through the Activation of the FAK/AKT Signaling Pathway in Human Gastric Cancer. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:8611306. [PMID: 36193075 PMCID: PMC9526618 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8611306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background ITGA5 is an adhesion molecule that integrates the intracellular structures with the extracellular matrix to perform biological functions. However, ITGA5 is highly expressed in a variety of tumors and is involved in tumor progression by promoting cell proliferation and metastasis. Nevertheless, little research has been performed on its function in gastric cancer. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the role of ITGA5 in gastric cancer, focusing on the mechanism regulating the proliferation, invasion and migration. Methods The expression of ITGA5 in gastric cancer tissues was assessed by the use of molecular bioinformatics databases and high-throughput sequencing of gastric cancer tissues from patients. Western blot, qPCR, and immunohistochemistry were performed to detect the expression of ITGA5 in samples from gastric cancer patients and gastric cancer cell lines. Furthermore, the ITGA5 gene was silenced and overexpressed in gastric cancer cells, and the effect on proliferation, invasion, migration, and tumorigenic ability was assessed. Results ITGA5 mRNA and protein expression were upregulated in gastric cancer cell lines and tissues from patients, and its expression was closely associated with tumor size, lymph node metastasis, and TNM stage. In vitro and in vivo experiments showed that ITGA5 silencing resulted in the inhibition of proliferation, invasion, migration, and graft growth of gastric cancer cells; conversely, the overexpression resulted in the promotion of these cell functions. Our results finally showed that the effect of ITGA5 on proliferation, invasion, and migration of gastric cancer cells was performed through the activation of the FAK/AKT pathway. Conclusions ITGA5 promotes proliferation, invasion, and migration of gastric cancer cells through the activation of FAK/AKT signaling pathway, suggesting that ITGA5 may be potentially considered as a new target in gastric cancer therapy.
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13
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Dong C, Li X, Yang J, Yuan D, Zhou Y, Zhang Y, Shi G, Zhang R, Liu J, Fu P, Sun M. PPFIBP1 induces glioma cell migration and invasion through FAK/Src/JNK signaling pathway. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:827. [PMID: 34480020 PMCID: PMC8417031 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04107-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive brain tumor, with a 5-year survival ratio <5%. Invasive growth is a major determinant of the poor prognosis in GBM. In this study, we demonstrate that high expression of PPFIA binding protein 1 (PPFIBP1) correlates with remarkable invasion and poor prognosis of GBM patients. Using scratch and transwell assay, we find that the invasion and migration of GBM cells are promoted by overexpression of PPFIBP1, while inhibited by knockdown of PPFIBP1. Then, we illustrate that overexpression of PPFIBP1 facilitates glioma cell infiltration and reduces survival in xenograft models. Next, RNA-Seq and GO enrichment analysis reveal that PPFIBP1 regulates differentially expressed gene clusters involved in the Wnt and adhesion-related signaling pathways. Furthermore, we demonstrate that PPFIBP1 activates focal adhesion kinase (FAK), Src, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and c-Jun, thereby enhancing Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 expression probably through interacting with SRCIN1 (p140Cap). Finally, inhibition of phosphorylation of Src and FAK significantly reversed the augmentation of invasion and migration caused by PPFIBP1 overexpression in GBM cells. In conclusion, these findings uncover a novel mechanism of glioma invasion and identify PPFIBP1 as a potential therapeutic target of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caihua Dong
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Optics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215163, China
| | - Xinying Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Jiao Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Optics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215163, China
| | - Detian Yuan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Yuanshuai Zhou
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Optics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215163, China
| | - Yina Zhang
- Neurological Department, Helios-Amper Clinic Dachau, Dachau, Germany
| | - Guohua Shi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Optics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215163, China
| | - Ruobing Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Optics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215163, China
| | - Jianping Liu
- Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Peng Fu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Minxuan Sun
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Optics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215163, China.
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14
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Knorr J, Sharafutdinov I, Fiedler F, Soltan Esmaeili D, Rohde M, Rottner K, Backert S, Tegtmeyer N. Cortactin Is Required for Efficient FAK, Src and Abl Tyrosine Kinase Activation and Phosphorylation of Helicobacter pylori CagA. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22116045. [PMID: 34205064 PMCID: PMC8199859 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22116045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cortactin is a well-known regulatory protein of the host actin cytoskeleton and represents an attractive target of microbial pathogens like Helicobacter pylori. H. pylori manipulates cortactin's phosphorylation status by type-IV secretion-dependent injection of its virulence protein CagA. Multiple host tyrosine kinases, like FAK, Src, and Abl, are activated during infection, but the pathway(s) involved is (are) not yet fully established. Among them, Src and Abl target CagA and stimulate tyrosine phosphorylation of the latter at its EPIYA-motifs. To investigate the role of cortactin in more detail, we generated a CRISPR/Cas9 knockout of cortactin in AGS gastric epithelial cells. Surprisingly, we found that FAK, Src, and Abl kinase activities were dramatically downregulated associated with widely diminished CagA phosphorylation in cortactin knockout cells compared to the parental control. Together, we report here a yet unrecognized cortactin-dependent signaling pathway involving FAK, Src, and Abl activation, and controlling efficient phosphorylation of injected CagA during infection. Thus, the cortactin status could serve as a potential new biomarker of gastric cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Knorr
- Department of Biology, Division of Microbiology, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; (J.K.); (I.S.); (F.F.); (D.S.E.); (S.B.)
| | - Irshad Sharafutdinov
- Department of Biology, Division of Microbiology, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; (J.K.); (I.S.); (F.F.); (D.S.E.); (S.B.)
| | - Florian Fiedler
- Department of Biology, Division of Microbiology, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; (J.K.); (I.S.); (F.F.); (D.S.E.); (S.B.)
| | - Delara Soltan Esmaeili
- Department of Biology, Division of Microbiology, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; (J.K.); (I.S.); (F.F.); (D.S.E.); (S.B.)
| | - Manfred Rohde
- Central Facility for Microscopy, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany;
| | - Klemens Rottner
- Department of Cell Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany;
- Division of Molecular Cell Biology, Zoological Institute, Technische Universität Braunschweig, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Steffen Backert
- Department of Biology, Division of Microbiology, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; (J.K.); (I.S.); (F.F.); (D.S.E.); (S.B.)
| | - Nicole Tegtmeyer
- Department of Biology, Division of Microbiology, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; (J.K.); (I.S.); (F.F.); (D.S.E.); (S.B.)
- Correspondence:
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15
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Pastwińska J, Walczak-Drzewiecka A, Łukasiak M, Ratajewski M, Dastych J. Hypoxia regulates human mast cell adhesion to fibronectin via the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Cell Adh Migr 2021; 14:106-117. [PMID: 32427041 PMCID: PMC7250187 DOI: 10.1080/19336918.2020.1764690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A decrease in oxygen concentration is a hallmark of inflammatory reactions resulting from infection or homeostasis disorders. Mast cells interact with extracellular matrix and other cells by adhesion receptors. We investigated the effect of hypoxia on integrin-mediated mast cell adhesion to fibronectin. We found that it was mediated by the α5/β1 receptor and that hypoxia significantly upregulated this process. Hypoxia-mediated increases in mast cell adhesion occurred without increased surface expression of integrins, suggesting regulation by inside-out integrin signaling. Hypoxia also mediated an increase in phosphorylation of Akt, and PI3’kinase inhibitors abolished hypoxia-mediated mast cell adhesion. Hypoxia upregulates the function of integrin receptors by PI3’ kinase-dependent signaling. This process might be important for the location of mast cells at inflammatory sites
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Pastwińska
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lodz, Poland.,Department of Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Aurelia Walczak-Drzewiecka
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lodz, Poland
| | - Magdalena Łukasiak
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lodz, Poland
| | - Marcin Ratajewski
- Laboratory of Epigenetics, Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lodz, Poland
| | - Jarosław Dastych
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lodz, Poland
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16
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Hou J, Yan D, Liu Y, Huang P, Cui H. The Roles of Integrin α5β1 in Human Cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:13329-13344. [PMID: 33408483 PMCID: PMC7781020 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s273803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix has important roles in tissue integrity and human health. Integrins are heterodimeric cell surface receptors that are composed by two non-covalently linked alpha and beta subunits that mainly participate in the interaction of cell-cell adhesion and cell-extracellular matrix and regulate cell motility, adhesion, differentiation, migration, proliferation, etc. In mammals, there have been eighteen α subunits and 8 β subunits and so far 24 distinct types of αβ integrin heterodimers have been identified in humans. Integrin α5β1, also known as the fibronectin receptor, is a heterodimer with α5 and β1 subunits and has emerged as an essential mediator in many human carcinomas. Integrin α5β1 alteration is closely linked to the progression of several types of human cancers, including cell proliferation, angiogenesis, tumor metastasis, and cancerogenesis. In this review, we will introduce the functions of integrin α5β1 in cancer progression and also explore its regulatory mechanisms. Additionally, the potential clinical applications as a target for cancer imaging and therapy are discussed. Collectively, the information reviewed here may increase the understanding of integrin α5β1 as a potential therapeutic target for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbing Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory for Sericulture Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, People's Republic of China.,Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Chongqing 400716, People's Republic of China
| | - Du Yan
- Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing 400716, People's Republic of China
| | - Yudong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory for Sericulture Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, People's Republic of China.,Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Chongqing 400716, People's Republic of China
| | - Pan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory for Sericulture Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, People's Republic of China.,Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Chongqing 400716, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongjuan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory for Sericulture Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, People's Republic of China.,Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Chongqing 400716, People's Republic of China
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17
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Expression and Prognostic Analysis of Integrins in Gastric Cancer. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2020; 2020:8862228. [PMID: 33335550 PMCID: PMC7722456 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8862228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Integrins are involved in the biological process of a variety of cancers, but their importance in the diagnosis and prognosis of gastric cancer (GC) is still unclear. Therefore, this study aimed at exploring the significance of ITG gene expression in GC to evaluate its diagnosis and prognosis. Methods GEPIA data were used to evaluate the mRNA expression of ITG genes in GC patients. The prognostic value of these genes was assessed by analyzing their mRNA expression using the Kaplan–Meier curve. The biological function of ITG genes was evaluated by GC tissue sequencing combined with GSEA bioinformatics. Based on the sequencing data, ITGA5 with the largest expression difference was selected for verification, and RT-PCR was used to verify its mRNA expression level in 40 pairs of GC and normal tissues. Results ITG (A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A11, AE, AL, AM, AV, AX, B1, B2, B4, B5, B6, and B8) was highly expressed in GC tissues, while ITGA8 was low, compared with their expression in normal tissues. RNA-seq data shows that ITG (A2, A5, A11, AV, and B1) expression was associated with poor prognosis and overall survival. In addition, combined with the results of GC tissue mRNA sequencing, it was further found that the differentially expressed genes in the ITGs genes. ITGA5 was highly expressed in GC tissues compared with its expression in normal tissues, as evaluated by qRT–PCR (P < 0.001) and ROC (P < 0.001, AUC (95% CI) = 0.747 (0.641–0.851)), and confirmed that ITGA5 expression was a potential diagnostic marker for GC. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that the signaling pathway involved in ITGA5 was mainly enriched in focal adhesion, ECM-receptor interaction, and PI3K-AKT and was mainly involved in biological processes such as cell adhesion, extracellular matrix, and cell migration. Conclusion This study suggested that ITGs were associated with the diagnosis and prognosis of GC and discovered the prognostic value and biological role of ITGA5 in GC. Thus, ITGA5 might be used as a potential diagnostic marker for GC.
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18
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Torres-Gomez A, Cabañas C, Lafuente EM. Phagocytic Integrins: Activation and Signaling. Front Immunol 2020; 11:738. [PMID: 32425937 PMCID: PMC7203660 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Phagocytic integrins are endowed with the ability to engulf and dispose of particles of different natures. Evolutionarily conserved from worms to humans, they are involved in pathogen elimination and apoptotic and tumoral cell clearance. Research in the field of integrin-mediated phagocytosis has shed light on the molecular events controlling integrin activation and their effector functions. However, there are still some aspects of the regulation of the phagocytic process that need to be clarified. Here, we have revised the molecular events controlling phagocytic integrin activation and the downstream signaling driving particle engulfment, and we have focused particularly on αMβ2/CR3, αXβ2/CR4, and a brief mention of αVβ5/αVβ3integrins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Torres-Gomez
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Cabañas
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain.,Severo Ochoa Center for Molecular Biology (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther M Lafuente
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain
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19
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Katoh K. FAK-Dependent Cell Motility and Cell Elongation. Cells 2020; 9:cells9010192. [PMID: 31940873 PMCID: PMC7017285 DOI: 10.3390/cells9010192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibroblastic cells show specific substrate selectivity for typical cell–substrate adhesion. However, focal adhesion kinase (FAK) contributes to controlling the regulation of orientation and polarity. When fibroblasts attach to micropatterns, tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins and FAK are both detected along the inner border between the adhesive micropatterns and the nonadhesive glass surface. FAK likely plays important roles in regulation of cell adhesion to the substrate, as FAK is a tyrosine-phosphorylated protein that acts as a signal transduction molecule at sites of cell–substrate attachment, called focal adhesions. FAK has been suggested to play a role in the attachment of cells at adhesive micropatterns by affecting cell polarity. Therefore, the localization of FAK might play a key role in recognition of the border of the cell with the adhesive micropattern, thus regulating cell polarity and the cell axis. This review discusses the regulation and molecular mechanism of cell proliferation and cell elongation by FAK and its associated signal transduction proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuo Katoh
- Laboratory of Human Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Tsukuba University of Technology Tsukuba-city, Ibaraki, Japan
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20
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Gerashchenko TS, Novikov NM, Krakhmal NV, Zolotaryova SY, Zavyalova MV, Cherdyntseva NV, Denisov EV, Perelmuter VM. Markers of Cancer Cell Invasion: Are They Good Enough? J Clin Med 2019; 8:E1092. [PMID: 31344926 PMCID: PMC6723901 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8081092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Invasion, or directed migration of tumor cells into adjacent tissues, is one of the hallmarks of cancer and the first step towards metastasis. Penetrating to adjacent tissues, tumor cells form the so-called invasive front/edge. The cellular plasticity afforded by different kinds of phenotypic transitions (epithelial-mesenchymal, collective-amoeboid, mesenchymal-amoeboid, and vice versa) significantly contributes to the diversity of cancer cell invasion patterns and mechanisms. Nevertheless, despite the advances in the understanding of invasion, it is problematic to identify tumor cells with the motile phenotype in cancer tissue specimens due to the absence of reliable and acceptable molecular markers. In this review, we summarize the current information about molecules such as extracellular matrix components, factors of epithelial-mesenchymal transition, proteases, cell adhesion, and actin cytoskeleton proteins involved in cell migration and invasion that could be used as invasive markers and discuss their advantages and limitations. Based on the reviewed data, we conclude that future studies focused on the identification of specific invasive markers should use new models one of which may be the intratumor morphological heterogeneity in breast cancer reflecting different patterns of cancer cell invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana S Gerashchenko
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, 634009 Tomsk, Russia.
| | - Nikita M Novikov
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, 634009 Tomsk, Russia
- Department of Cytology and Genetics, Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Nadezhda V Krakhmal
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Sofia Y Zolotaryova
- Department of Cytology and Genetics, Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Marina V Zavyalova
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
- Department of General and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, 634009 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Nadezhda V Cherdyntseva
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, 634009 Tomsk, Russia
- Laboratory for Translational Cellular and Molecular Biomedicine, Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Evgeny V Denisov
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, 634009 Tomsk, Russia
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Vladimir M Perelmuter
- Department of General and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, 634009 Tomsk, Russia
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21
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Chen J, Ji T, Wu D, Jiang S, Zhao J, Lin H, Cai X. Human mesenchymal stem cells promote tumor growth via MAPK pathway and metastasis by epithelial mesenchymal transition and integrin α5 in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:425. [PMID: 31142737 PMCID: PMC6541606 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1622-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) appear to be a potential vehicle for anticancer drugs due to their excellent tumor tropism ability. However, the interactions between MSCs and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are quite controversial and the underlying mechanisms are ambiguous. In this study, an investigation was conducted into the effect of human MSCs (hMSCs) on tumor proliferation and metastasis both in xenograft and orthotopic models. It was discovered that hMSCs could promote tumor growth though activating mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway and promote metastasis by epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) in vivo. To test whether hMSCs could induce immunosuppressive effects, the expression of the Natural killer (NK) cell marker CD56 was measured by immunohistochemical staining and the expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were measured by qRT-PCR. It was found out that CD56 expression significantly decreased, while TNF-α and IL-6 expression increased in the hMSCs-treated tissues. Mechanistically, RNA sequencing was performed, which led to a discovery that integrin α5 (ITGA5) was over-expressed in hMSCs-treated HCC. ITGA5 siRNAs blocked the hMSCs-induced migration and invasion of HCC, while over-expression of ITGA5 promoted the migration and invasion ability in HCC-hMSCs, indicating that the expression of ITGA5 is associated with hMSCs-induced tumor metastasis. These findings suggest that hMSCs may play a vital role in HCC proliferation and metastasis and could be identified as a putative therapeutic target in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310016, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tong Ji
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310016, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310016, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shi Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310016, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310016, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hui Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310016, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xiujun Cai
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310016, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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22
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Wang Y, Zhang X, Tian J, Shan J, Hu Y, Zhai Y, Guo J. Talin promotes integrin activation accompanied by generation of tension in talin and an increase in osmotic pressure in neurite outgrowth. FASEB J 2019; 33:6311-6326. [PMID: 30768370 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201801949rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Neuronal polarization depends on the interaction of intracellular chemical and mechanical activities in which the cytoplasmic protein, talin, plays a pivotal role during neurite growth. To better understand the mechanism underlying talin function in neuronal polarization, we overexpressed several truncated forms of talin and found that the presence of the rod domain within the overexpressed talin is required for its positive effect on neurite elongation because the neurite number only increased when the talin head region was overexpressed. The tension in the talin rod was recognized using a Förster resonance energy transfer-based tension probe. Nerve growth factor treatment resulted in inward tension of talin elicited by microfilament force and outward osmotic pressure. By contrast, the glial scar-inhibitor aggrecan weakened these forces, suggesting that interactions between inward pull forces in the talin rod and outward osmotic pressure participate in neuronal polarization. Integrin activation is also involved in up-regulation of talin tension and osmotic pressure. Aggrecan stimuli resulted in up-regulation of docking protein 1 (DOK1), leading to the down-regulation of integrin activity and attenuation of the intracellular mechanical force. Our study suggests interactions between the intracellular inward tension in talin and the outward osmotic pressure as the effective channel for promoting neurite outgrowth, which can be up-regulated by integrin activation and down-regulated by DOK1.-Wang, Y., Zhang, X., Tian, J., Shan, J., Hu, Y., Zhai, Y., Guo, J. Talin promotes integrin activation accompanied by generation of tension in talin and an increase in osmotic pressure in neurite outgrowth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Wang
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Quality and Efficacy, School of Medicine and Life Science, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targets and Drugs for Degenerative Disease, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaolong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Quality and Efficacy, School of Medicine and Life Science, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targets and Drugs for Degenerative Disease, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jilai Tian
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Quality and Efficacy, School of Medicine and Life Science, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targets and Drugs for Degenerative Disease, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinjun Shan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Disease, Institute of Pediatrics, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yunfeng Hu
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Quality and Efficacy, School of Medicine and Life Science, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targets and Drugs for Degenerative Disease, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yiqian Zhai
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Quality and Efficacy, School of Medicine and Life Science, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targets and Drugs for Degenerative Disease, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Guo
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Quality and Efficacy, School of Medicine and Life Science, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targets and Drugs for Degenerative Disease, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Disease, Institute of Pediatrics, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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23
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Yu J, Zhang C, Yu Q, Yu H, Zhang B. ADAR1 p110 Enhances Adhesion of Tumor Cells to Extracellular Matrix in Hepatocellular Carcinoma via Up-Regulating ITGA2 Expression. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:1469-1479. [PMID: 30798327 PMCID: PMC6398282 DOI: 10.12659/msm.911944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intrahepatic and distant metastases could be the major cause of treatment failure in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The deep mechanism of HCC metastasis is closely related to the interaction between integrins and extracellular matrix (ECM) in tumor microenvironment. MATERIAL AND METHODS In vitro cell adhesion assay was performed to determine the capability of adhering to ECM elements of HCC cells. To modulate the expression status of ADAR1 p110 in tumor cells, lentivirus system was applied. Meanwhile, patients' HCC samples and orthotopic xenograft mouse model were used for verifying our in vitro data. RESULTS ADAR1 p110 could strongly enhance the adhesion of HCC tumor cells to ECM, which was usually regarded as the initiation of tumor invasion. Such phenotype was caused due to up-regulation of ITGA2 both in mRNA and protein level. Moreover, specimen collected from HCC patients revealed a positive correlation between ADAR1 and ITGA2. Finally, ADAR1 p110 promoted HCC metastasis was verified when we applied orthotopic xenograft mouse model. CONCLUSIONS ADAR1 could enhance HCC metastasis by promoting tumor cells adhering to ECM via increasing ITGA2 expression. This phenomenon could provide novel information to better understanding the mechanism of HCC metastasis procedure.
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24
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Rossig C, Kailayangiri S, Jamitzky S, Altvater B. Carbohydrate Targets for CAR T Cells in Solid Childhood Cancers. Front Oncol 2018; 8:513. [PMID: 30483473 PMCID: PMC6240699 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Application of the CAR targeting strategy in solid tumors is challenged by the need for adequate target antigens. As a consequence of their tissue origin, embryonal cancers can aberrantly express membrane-anchored gangliosides. These are carbohydrate molecules consisting of a glycosphingolipid linked to sialic acids residues. The best-known example is the abundant expression of ganglioside GD2 on the cell surface of neuroblastomas which derive from GD2-positive neuroectoderm. Gangliosides are involved in various cellular functions, including signal transduction, cell proliferation, differentiation, adhesion and cell death. In addition, transformation of human cells to cancer cells can be associated with distinct glycosylation profiles which provide advantages for tumor growth and dissemination and can serve as immune targets. Both gangliosides and aberrant glycosylation of proteins escape the direct molecular and proteomic screening strategies currently applied to identify further immune targets in cancers. Due to their highly restricted expression and their functional roles in the malignant behavior, they are attractive targets for immune engineering strategies. GD2-redirected CAR T cells have shown activity in clinical phase I/II trials in neuroblastoma and next-generation studies are ongoing. Further carbohydrate targets for CAR T cells in preclinical development are O-acetyl-GD2, NeuGc-GM3 (N-glycolyl GM3), GD3, SSEA-4, and oncofetal glycosylation variants. This review summarizes knowledge on the role and function of some membrane-expressed non-protein antigens, including gangliosides and abnormal protein glycosylation patterns, and discusses their potential to serve as a CAR targets in pediatric solid cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Rossig
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany.,Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003-CiM), University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Sareetha Kailayangiri
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Silke Jamitzky
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Bianca Altvater
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
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25
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Ponzoni M, Curnis F, Brignole C, Bruno S, Guarnieri D, Sitia L, Marotta R, Sacchi A, Bauckneht M, Buschiazzo A, Rossi A, Di Paolo D, Perri P, Gori A, Sementa AR, Emionite L, Cilli M, Tamma R, Ribatti D, Pompa PP, Marini C, Sambuceti G, Corti A, Pastorino F. Enhancement of Tumor Homing by Chemotherapy-Loaded Nanoparticles. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:e1802886. [PMID: 30294852 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201802886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Targeted delivery of anticancer drugs with nanocarriers can reduce side effects and ameliorate therapeutic efficacy. However, poorly perfused and dysfunctional tumor vessels limit the transport of the payload into solid tumors. The use of tumor-penetrating nanocarriers might enhance tumor uptake and antitumor effects. A peptide containing a tissue-penetrating (TP) consensus motif, capable of recognizing neuropilin-1, is here fused to a neuroblastoma-targeting peptide (pep) previously developed. Neuroblastoma cell lines and cells derived from both xenografts and high-risk neuroblastoma patients show overexpression of neuropilin-1. In vitro studies reveal that TP-pep binds cell lines and cells derived from neuroblastoma patients more efficiently than pep. TP-pep, after coupling to doxorubicin-containing stealth liposomes (TP-pep-SL[doxorubicin]), enhances their uptake by cells and cytotoxic effects in vitro, while increasing tumor-binding capability and homing in vivo. TP-pep-SL[doxorubicin] treatment enhances the Evans Blue dye accumulation in tumors but not in nontumor tissues, pointing to selective increase of vascular permeability in tumor tissues. Compared to pep-SL[doxorubicin], TP-pep-SL[doxorubicin] shows an increased antineuroblastoma activity in three neuroblastoma animal models mimicking the growth of neuroblastoma in humans. The enhancement of drug penetration in tumors by TP-pep-targeted nanoparticles may represent an innovative strategy for neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirco Ponzoni
- Laboratory of Experimental Therapy in Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via G. Gaslini 5, 16147, Genoa, Italy
| | - Flavio Curnis
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute and Vita Salute San Raffaele University, 16132, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Brignole
- Laboratory of Experimental Therapy in Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via G. Gaslini 5, 16147, Genoa, Italy
| | - Silvia Bruno
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Daniela Guarnieri
- Nanobiointeractions & Nanodiagnostics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 16163, Genoa, Italy
| | - Leopoldo Sitia
- Nanobiointeractions & Nanodiagnostics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 16163, Genoa, Italy
| | - Roberto Marotta
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Nanochemistry Department, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 16163, Genoa, Italy
| | - Angelina Sacchi
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute and Vita Salute San Raffaele University, 16132, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Bauckneht
- Nuclear Medicine, Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Ambra Buschiazzo
- Nuclear Medicine, Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Andrea Rossi
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147, Genoa, Italy
| | - Daniela Di Paolo
- Laboratory of Experimental Therapy in Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via G. Gaslini 5, 16147, Genoa, Italy
| | - Patrizia Perri
- Laboratory of Experimental Therapy in Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via G. Gaslini 5, 16147, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Gori
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Tecnologie dei Materiali, Istituto di Chimica del Riconoscimento Molecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 20131, Milan, Italy
| | - Angela R Sementa
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147, Genoa, Italy
| | - Laura Emionite
- Animal Facility, IRCSS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Michele Cilli
- Animal Facility, IRCSS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Roberto Tamma
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences, and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Domenico Ribatti
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences, and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Pier Paolo Pompa
- Nanobiointeractions & Nanodiagnostics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 16163, Genoa, Italy
| | - Cecilia Marini
- Nuclear Medicine, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16131, Genoa, Italy
- CNR Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianmario Sambuceti
- Nuclear Medicine, Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, 16132, Genoa, Italy
- Nuclear Medicine, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16131, Genoa, Italy
| | - Angelo Corti
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute and Vita Salute San Raffaele University, 16132, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Pastorino
- Laboratory of Experimental Therapy in Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via G. Gaslini 5, 16147, Genoa, Italy
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26
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Zhang YL, Li Q, Yang XM, Fang F, Li J, Wang YH, Yang Q, Zhu L, Nie HZ, Zhang XL, Feng MX, Jiang SH, Tian GA, Hu LP, Lee HY, Lee SJ, Xia Q, Zhang ZG. SPON2 Promotes M1-like Macrophage Recruitment and Inhibits Hepatocellular Carcinoma Metastasis by Distinct Integrin-Rho GTPase-Hippo Pathways. Cancer Res 2018; 78:2305-2317. [PMID: 29440144 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-2867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) represent key regulators of the complex interplay between cancer and the immune microenvironment. Matricellular protein SPON2 is essential for recruiting lymphocytes and initiating immune responses. Recent studies have shown that SPON2 has complicated roles in cell migration and tumor progression. Here we report that, in the tumor microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), SPON2 not only promotes infiltration of M1-like macrophages but also inhibits tumor metastasis. SPON2-α4β1 integrin signaling activated RhoA and Rac1, increased F-actin reorganization, and promoted M1-like macrophage recruitment. F-Actin accumulation also activated the Hippo pathway by suppressing LATS1 phosphorylation, promoting YAP nuclear translocation, and initiating downstream gene expression. However, SPON2-α5β1 integrin signaling inactivated RhoA and prevented F-actin assembly, thereby inhibiting HCC cell migration; the Hippo pathway was not noticeably involved in SPON2-mediated HCC cell migration. In HCC patients, SPON2 levels correlated positively with prognosis. Overall, our findings provide evidence that SPON2 is a critical factor in mediating the immune response against tumor cell growth and migration in HCC.Significance: Matricellular protein SPON2 acts as an HCC suppressor and utilizes distinct signaling events to perform dual functions in HCC microenvironment.Graphical Abstract: http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/canres/78/9/2305/F1.large.jpg Cancer Res; 78(9); 2305-17. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Qing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Mei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Fang Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Ya-Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Qin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Lei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Hui-Zhen Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Xue-Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Ming-Xuan Feng
- Department of Liver Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Shu-Heng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Guang-Ang Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Li-Peng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Ho-Young Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Jae Lee
- Department of Life Science, Research Institute for Nature Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Qiang Xia
- Department of Liver Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Gang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China.
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27
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Alford VM, Kamath A, Ren X, Kumar K, Gan Q, Awwa M, Tong M, Seeliger MA, Cao J, Ojima I, Sampson NS. Targeting the Hemopexin-like Domain of Latent Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (proMMP-9) with a Small Molecule Inhibitor Prevents the Formation of Focal Adhesion Junctions. ACS Chem Biol 2017; 12:2788-2803. [PMID: 28945333 PMCID: PMC5697452 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.7b00758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
![]()
A lack
of target specificity has greatly hindered the success of
inhibitor development against matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) for
the treatment of various cancers. The MMP catalytic domains are highly
conserved, whereas the hemopexin-like domains of MMPs are unique to
each family member. The hemopexin-like domain of MMP-9 enhances cancer
cell migration through self-interaction and heterointeractions with
cell surface proteins including CD44 and α4β1 integrin.
These interactions activate EGFR-MAP kinase dependent signaling that
leads to cell migration. In this work, we generated a library of compounds,
based on hit molecule N-[4-(difluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-[(4-oxo-6-propyl-1H-pyrimidin-2-yl)sulfanyl]-acetamide, that target the hemopexin-like
domain of MMP-9. We identify N-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(4-oxo-3,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydroquinazolin-2-ylthio)butanamide, 3c, as a potent lead (Kd = 320
nM) that is specific for binding to the proMMP-9 hemopexin-like domain.
We demonstrate that 3c disruption of MMP-9 homodimerization
prevents association of proMMP-9 with both α4β1 integrin
and CD44 and results in the dissociation of EGFR. This disruption
results in decreased phosphorylation of Src and its downstream target
proteins focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and paxillin (PAX), which are
implicated in promoting tumor cell growth, migration, and invasion.
Using a chicken chorioallantoic membrane in vivo assay,
we demonstrate that 500 nM 3c blocks cancer cell invasion
of the basement membrane and reduces angiogenesis. In conclusion,
we present a mechanism of action for 3c whereby targeting
the hemopexin domain results in decreased cancer cell migration through
simultaneous disruption of α4β1 integrin and EGFR signaling
pathways, thereby preventing signaling bypass. Targeting through the
hemopexin-like domain is a powerful approach to antimetastatic drug
development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent M. Alford
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States
| | - Anushree Kamath
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States
| | - Xiaodong Ren
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States
| | - Kunal Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States
| | - Qianwen Gan
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States
| | - Monaf Awwa
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States
| | - Michael Tong
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States
| | - Markus A. Seeliger
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Stony Brook, New York, United States
| | - Jian Cao
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States
| | - Iwao Ojima
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Stony Brook, New York, United States
| | - Nicole S. Sampson
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Stony Brook, New York, United States
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28
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A mutation in Nischarin causes otitis media via LIMK1 and NF-κB pathways. PLoS Genet 2017; 13:e1006969. [PMID: 28806779 PMCID: PMC5570507 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2017] [Revised: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Otitis media (OM), inflammation of the middle ear (ME), is a common cause of conductive hearing impairment. Despite the importance of the disease, the aetiology of chronic and recurrent forms of middle ear inflammatory disease remains poorly understood. Studies of the human population suggest that there is a significant genetic component predisposing to the development of chronic OM, although the underlying genes are largely unknown. Using N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea mutagenesis we identified a recessive mouse mutant, edison, that spontaneously develops a conductive hearing loss due to chronic OM. The causal mutation was identified as a missense change, L972P, in the Nischarin (NISCH) gene. edison mice develop a serous or granulocytic effusion, increasingly macrophage and neutrophil rich with age, along with a thickened, inflamed mucoperiosteum. We also identified a second hypomorphic allele, V33A, with only modest increases in auditory thresholds and reduced incidence of OM. NISCH interacts with several proteins, including ITGA5 that is thought to have a role in modulating VEGF-induced angiogenesis and vascularization. We identified a significant genetic interaction between Nisch and Itga5; mice heterozygous for Itga5-null and homozygous for edison mutations display a significantly increased penetrance and severity of chronic OM. In order to understand the pathological mechanisms underlying the OM phenotype, we studied interacting partners to NISCH along with downstream signalling molecules in the middle ear epithelia of edison mouse. Our analysis implicates PAK1 and RAC1, and downstream signalling in LIMK1 and NF-κB pathways in the development of chronic OM. Otitis media (OM) is the most common cause of deafness in children and is primarily characterised by inflammation of the middle ear. It is the most common cause of surgery in children in the developed world, with many children developing recurrent and chronic forms of OM undergoing tympanostomy tube insertion. There is evidence that a significant genetic component contributes towards the development of recurrent and chronic forms of OM. The mouse has been a powerful tool for identifying the genes involved in chronic OM. In this study we identified and characterised edison, a novel mouse model of chronic OM that shares important features with the chronic disease in humans. A mutation in the Nisch gene causes edison mice to spontaneously develop OM following birth and subsequently develop chronic OM, with an associated hearing loss. Our molecular analysis of the mutation reveals the underlying pathological mechanisms and pathways involved in OM in the edison mouse, involving PAK1, RAC1 and downstream signalling in LIMK1 and NF-κB pathways. Identification of the edison mutant provides an important genetic disease model of chronic OM and implicates a new gene and genetic pathways involved in predisposition to OM.
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Horwacik I, Rokita H. Modulation of interactions of neuroblastoma cell lines with extracellular matrix proteins affects their sensitivity to treatment with the anti-GD2 ganglioside antibody 14G2a. Int J Oncol 2017; 50:1899-1914. [PMID: 28393238 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.3959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Children diagnosed with high risk neuroblastoma have poor prognosis which stimulates efforts to broaden therapies of the neoplasm. GD2-ganglioside (GD2) marks neuroblastoma cells and is a target for monoclonal antibodies. We have recently shown that some neuroblastoma cell lines are sensitive to direct cytotoxicity of the anti-GD2 mouse monoclonal antibody 14G2a (mAb). For IMR-32 and LA-N-1 cell lines, treatment with the 14G2a mAb induced evident changes in appearance such as cell rounding, aggregation, loose contact with culture plastic, or detachment. Such findings prompted us to investigate whether modulation of attachment of neuroblastoma cells to extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins can affect their sensitivity to the 14G2a mAb treatment. First, using ultra-low attachment plates, we show that survival of the IMR-32, LA-N-1, LA-N-5, CHP-134 and Kelly cells depends on attachment. Next, we compared cellular ATP levels of the cell lines treated with the 14G2a mAb using uncoated, fibronectin-, collagen IV-coated surfaces to show that the ECM proteins slightly modulate sensitivity of the cell lines to the mAb. Then, we characterized presence of selected integrin subunits or their complexes on the cell surface. Finally, we applied small molecule inhibitors of selected integrin complexes: obtustatin (inhibiting α1β1 heterodimer), BIO 1211 (inhibiting active α4β1 heterodimer), cilengitide and SB273005 (inhibitors of αVβ3, αVβ5 heterodimers) to verify their effects on attachment of cell lines, cellular ATP levels, and in some experiments activities of apoptosis-executing caspase-3 and -7, for the compounds used alone or in combination with the 14G2a mAb. We characterized levels of total FAK (focal adhesion kinase), p-FAK (Tyr397) in IMR-32 cells treated with BIO 1211, and in LA-N-5, Kelly and SK-N-SH cells treated with SB273005. Our results extend knowledge on factors influencing cytotoxicity of 14G2a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Horwacik
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Virology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Hanna Rokita
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Virology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
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Lee J, Yang DS, Han SI, Yun JH, Kim IW, Kim SJ, Kim JH. Aqueous Extraction of Citrus unshiu Peel Induces Proangiogenic Effects Through the FAK and ERK1/2 Signaling Pathway in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells. J Med Food 2017; 19:569-77. [PMID: 27266341 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2015.3584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Citrus unshiu peel has been used empirically as a traditional medicine to improve bronchial asthma and blood circulation in northeast Asian nations, including Korea, Japan, and China. In this study, we report the proangiogenic effects of the aqueous extract of Citrus unshiu peel (AECUP). In human umbilical vein endothelial cells, AECUP significantly induced cellular migration and capillary tube formation. We also demonstrated that AECUP markedly increased the phosphorylation of FAK and ERK1/2 through the integrin signaling pathway. Additionally, we identified that narirutin and hesperidin were major constituents of AECUP and both showed proangiogenic effects, but at different levels. Collectively, these results suggest that the AECUP may have potential as a therapeutic agent for improving angiogenic functions with reduced harmful side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungwhoi Lee
- 1 Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Science, SARI, Jeju National University , Jeju-do, Korea
| | - Dong-Shik Yang
- 1 Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Science, SARI, Jeju National University , Jeju-do, Korea
| | - Song-I Han
- 1 Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Science, SARI, Jeju National University , Jeju-do, Korea
| | - Jeong Hun Yun
- 1 Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Science, SARI, Jeju National University , Jeju-do, Korea
| | - Il-Woong Kim
- 1 Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Science, SARI, Jeju National University , Jeju-do, Korea
| | - Seung Jun Kim
- 2 Division of Strategic Research Planning and Assessment, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology , Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hoon Kim
- 1 Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Science, SARI, Jeju National University , Jeju-do, Korea.,3 Subtropical/Tropical Organism Gene Bank, Jeju National University , Jeju, Korea
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Franco-Barraza J, Francescone R, Luong T, Shah N, Madhani R, Cukierman G, Dulaimi E, Devarajan K, Egleston BL, Nicolas E, Katherine Alpaugh R, Malik R, Uzzo RG, Hoffman JP, Golemis EA, Cukierman E. Matrix-regulated integrin α vβ 5 maintains α 5β 1-dependent desmoplastic traits prognostic of neoplastic recurrence. eLife 2017; 6. [PMID: 28139197 PMCID: PMC5283834 DOI: 10.7554/elife.20600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Desmoplasia, a fibrotic mass including cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and self-sustaining extracellular matrix (D-ECM), is a puzzling feature of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDACs). Conflicting studies have identified tumor-restricting and tumor-promoting roles of PDAC-associated desmoplasia, suggesting that individual CAF/D-ECM protein constituents have distinguishable tumorigenic and tumor-repressive functions. Using 3D culture of normal pancreatic versus PDAC-associated human fibroblasts, we identified a CAF/D-ECM phenotype that correlates with improved patient outcomes, and that includes CAFs enriched in plasma membrane-localized, active α5β1-integrin. Mechanistically, we established that TGFβ is required for D-ECM production but dispensable for D-ECM-induced naïve fibroblast-to-CAF activation, which depends on αvβ5-integrin redistribution of pFAK-independent active α5β1-integrin to assorted endosomes. Importantly, the development of a simultaneous multi-channel immunofluorescence approach and new algorithms for computational batch-analysis and their application to a human PDAC panel, indicated that stromal localization and levels of active SMAD2/3 and α5β1-integrin distinguish patient-protective from patient-detrimental desmoplasia and foretell tumor recurrences, suggesting a useful new prognostic tool. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.20600.001 Tumors are not entirely made out of cancerous cells. They contain many other components – referred to as tumor stroma – that may either encourage or hinder the tumor’s growth. Tumor stroma includes non-cancerous cells and a framework of fibrous sugary proteins, called the extracellular matrix, which surround and signal to cells while providing physical support. In the most common and aggressive form of pancreatic cancer, the stroma often makes up the majority of the tumor’s mass. Sometimes the stroma of these pancreatic tumors can protect the cancer cells from anti-cancer drugs. Researchers have therefore been interested in finding out exactly which aspects of the tumor stroma shield and support cancer cells, and which impede their growth and progression. Answering these questions could make it possible to develop new drugs that will change a tumor-supporting stroma into one that hinders the tumor’s growth and spread. The most abundant cells in the stroma of pancreatic tumors are called cancer-associated fibroblasts. Healthy specialized fibroblasts – known as pancreatic stellate cells – help to build and maintain the ‘normal’ extracellular matrix and so these cells normally restrict a tumor’s development. However, cancer cells can adapt healthy fibroblasts into cancer-associated fibroblasts, which produce an altered extracellular matrix that could allow the tumor to grow. Franco-Barraza et al. have now compared healthy and cancer-associated fibroblasts from patients’ pancreatic tumors. One of the main differences between these two cell types was the location of the activated form of a molecule called α5β1-integrin. Healthy fibroblasts, in a normal extracellular matrix, have active α5β1-integrin on the surface of the cell. However, a number of tumor-promoting signals, including some from the altered extracellular matrix, could force the active α5β1-integrins to relocate inside the fibroblasts instead. In further experiments, where the activated integrin was retained at the cell surface, the fibroblasts were able to resist the influence of the cancer-associated extracellular matrix. Then again, if the active α5β1-integrins were directed inside the cells, healthy cells turned into cancer-associated fibroblasts. With this information in hand, Franco-Barraza et al. examined tumor samples from over a hundred pancreatic cancer patients using a new microscopy-based technique that distinguishes cancer cells from stroma cells. The analysis confirmed the pattern observed in the laboratory: those patients who appeared to produce more normal extracellular matrix and have active α5β1-integrin localized mostly to the surface of the cells survived longer without the cancer returning than those patients who lacked these stroma traits. Samples from patients with kidney cancer also showed similar results and, as before, an altered extracellular matrix was linked to a worse outcome of the disease. Together these findings suggest that if future studies uncover ways to relocate or maintain active α5β1-integrin to the cell surface of fibroblasts they could lead to new treatments to restrict the growth of tumors in cancer patients. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.20600.002
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ralph Francescone
- Department of Cancer Biology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, United States
| | - Tiffany Luong
- Department of Cancer Biology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, United States
| | - Neelima Shah
- Department of Cancer Biology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, United States
| | - Raj Madhani
- Department of Cancer Biology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, United States
| | - Gil Cukierman
- Department of Cancer Biology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, United States
| | - Essel Dulaimi
- Department of Pathology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, United States
| | - Karthik Devarajan
- Department of Cancer Epigenetics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, United States
| | - Brian L Egleston
- Department of Molecular Therapeutics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, United States
| | - Emmanuelle Nicolas
- Programs in Genomics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, United States
| | | | - Ruchi Malik
- Department of Cancer Biology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, United States
| | - Robert G Uzzo
- Department of Cancer Biology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, United States.,Department of Surgical Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, United States
| | - John P Hoffman
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, United States
| | - Erica A Golemis
- Department of Molecular Therapeutics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, United States
| | - Edna Cukierman
- Department of Cancer Biology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, United States
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Xiong N, Li S, Tang K, Bai H, Peng Y, Yang H, Wu C, Liu Y. Involvement of caveolin-1 in low shear stress-induced breast cancer cell motility and adhesion: Roles of FAK/Src and ROCK/p-MLC pathways. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2016; 1864:12-22. [PMID: 27773611 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2016.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Revised: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Tumor cells translocating to distant sites are subjected to hemodynamic shear forces during their passage in the blood vessels. Low shear stress (LSS) plays a critical role in the regulation of various aspects of tumor cells functions, including motility and adhesion. Beyond its structural role, caveolin-1 (Cav-1), the important component of caveolae, represents a modulator of several cancer-associated functions as tumor progression and metastasis. However, the role of Cav-1 in regulating tumor cells response to shear stress remains poorly explored. Here, we characterized the role of LSS and Cav-1 in mediating cell motility and adhesion on human breast carcinoma MDA-MB-231 cells. We first showed that LSS exposure promoted cell polarity and focal adhesion (FA) dynamics, thus indicating elevated cell migration. Silencing of Cav-1 leaded to a significantly lower formation of stress fibers. However, LSS exposure was able to rescue it via the alteration of actin-associated proteins expression, including ROCK, p-MLC, cofilin and filamin A. Time-lapse migration assay indicated that Cav-1 expression fostered MDA-MB-231 cells motility and LSS triggered cells to rapidly generate new lamellipodia. Furthermore, Cav-1 and LSS significantly influenced cell adhesion. Taken together, our findings provide insights into mechanisms underlying LSS triggered events mediated by downstream Cav-1, including FAK/Src and ROCK/p-MLC pathways, involved in the reorganization of the cytoskeleton, cell motility, FA dynamics and breast cancer cell adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niya Xiong
- Department of Biophysics, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Shun Li
- Department of Biophysics, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Kai Tang
- Department of Biophysics, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Hongxia Bai
- Department of Biophysics, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yueting Peng
- Department of Biophysics, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Biophysics, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, Sichuan, PR China; Center for Information in Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Chunhui Wu
- Department of Biophysics, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, Sichuan, PR China; Center for Information in Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, Sichuan, PR China; Center for Information in Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yiyao Liu
- Department of Biophysics, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, Sichuan, PR China; Center for Information in Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, Sichuan, PR China; Center for Information in Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, Sichuan, PR China.
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Li L, Li YM, Zhou P, Wang XS, Wang GY, Zhao XH, Cui BB, Ren YL, Dong XS, Chen ZQ. Abnormal expression of p190RhoGAP in colorectal cancer patients with poor survival. Am J Transl Res 2016; 8:4405-4414. [PMID: 27830024 PMCID: PMC5095333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to investigate the expression and clinical significance of p190RhoGAP, a member of the RhoGAP family, in colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS The expression p190RhoGAP was detected by RT-PCR, western blot (WB) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) in 14 paired CRCs and matched non-cancerous mucosal tissues. The protein content of p190RhoGAP was identified in 114 CRCs by IHC. In addition, the association of the expression of p190RhoGAP with carcinogenesis, distant metastasis and prognosis was further evaluated. RESULTS In 14 paired fresh tissues, the mRNA (P<0.0001) and protein (P = 0.003) expression levels of p190RhoGAP were significantly higher in primary CRCs than in paired non-cancerous mucosal tissues; and was consistent with WB results. The expression of p190RhoGAP increased from normal mucosa to adenoma, and became even greater in primary carcinoma (P = 0.001). The expression level of p190RhoGAP was highest in liver metastasis compared to primary carcinoma (P = 0.028). The incidence of p190RhoGAP expression-positive cases was 58.77% in 114 CRC tissues. Furthermore, the enhanced expression of p190RhoGAP was significantly associated with shorter disease-specific survival (P<0.001) and shorter disease-free survival (P<0.001). Cox regression analysis indicated that p190RhoGAP was an independent prognostic parameter for CRC. CONCLUSION p190RhoGAP may be an independent predictive factor for the prognosis of CRC, and the abnormal expression of p190RhoGAP may play a crucial role in colorectal carcinogenesis and distant metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Colorectal Surgery, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yong-Min Li
- Colorectal Surgery, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xi-Shan Wang
- Colorectal Surgery, Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Gui-Yu Wang
- Colorectal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xu-Hai Zhao
- Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Bin-Bin Cui
- Colorectal Surgery, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yan-Lu Ren
- Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xin-Shu Dong
- Department of General Surgery, The No.4 Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zhi-Qi Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Daqing Oilfield General HospitalDaqing, Heilongjiang, China
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Lv XH, Liu BQ, Li XM, Wang XC, Li XL, Ahmed N, Zhang YF. Integrin α4 Induces Lymphangiogenesis and Metastasis via Upregulation of VEGF-C in Human Colon Cancer. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2016; 299:741-7. [PMID: 26917449 DOI: 10.1002/ar.23338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2015] [Revised: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C) is a key regulator in lymphangiogenesis, and is overexpressed in various malignancies. Integrin α4β1, a new member of the VEGF-C/VEGF receptor pathway, was found to be overexpressed in melanoma tumors. However, little is known regarding the potential role of integrin α4β1 in lymphangiogenesis and other solid tumors. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression patterns of integrin α4 and VEGF-C in relation to lymphangiogenesis and clinicopathological parameters in human colon cancer. The expression of integrin α4, VEGF-C, and VEGFR-3 was assessed in 71 human colon cancer tissues and 30 paracancerous normal tissues by immunohistochemical staining. Lymphatic microvessel density (LMVD) was measured after D2-40-labeling, and the correlations among different factors were statistically analyzed. The expression of integrin α4, VEGF-C, VEGFR-3, and LMVD was higher in colon cancer tissues compared with the normal paracancerous colon tissues. There was a positive correlation between the expression of integrin α4 and VEGF-C. Integrin α4 and VEGF-C were significantly associated with the clinicopathological parameters (LMVD, Duke's stage, and lymph node metastasis). Kaplan-Meier analyses indicated that patients with high integrin α4 or VEGF-C expression had significantly shorter overall survival and tumor-free survival time. Multivariate analyses suggested that integrin α4 and VEGF-C may serve as independent prognostic factors for human colon cancer. Both integrin α4 and VEGF-C are involved in lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis. Our results demonstrated that integrin α4 is a novel prognostic indicator for human colon cancer. Anat Rec, 299:741-747, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hong Lv
- Department of Anatomy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Bao-Quan Liu
- Department of Anatomy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Mei Li
- Department of Anatomy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Chen Wang
- Department of Anatomy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Lei Li
- Department of Anatomy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Naila Ahmed
- Department of Anatomy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Fang Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
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Zhang X, Cheng SL, Bian K, Wang L, Zhang X, Yan B, Jia LT, Zhao J, Gammoh N, Yang AG, Zhang R. MicroRNA-26a promotes anoikis in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells by targeting alpha5 integrin. Oncotarget 2016; 6:2277-89. [PMID: 25537511 PMCID: PMC4385851 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is the major reason for the death of patients suffering from malignant diseases such as human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Among the complex metastatic process, resistance to anoikis is one of the most important steps. Previous studies demonstrate that microRNA-26a (miR-26a) is an important tumor suppressor that inhibits the proliferation and invasion of HCC cells by targeting multiple oncogenic proteins. However, whether miR-26a can also influence anoikis has not been well established. Here, we discovered that miR-26a promotes anoikis of HCC cells both in vitro and in vivo. With a combinational analysis of bioinformatics and public clinical databases, we predicted that alpha5 integrin (ITGA5), an integrin family member, is a putative target of miR-26a. Furthermore, we provide experimental evidence to confirm that ITGA5 is a bona fide target of miR-26a. Through gain- and loss-of-function studies, we demonstrate that ITGA5 is a functional target of miR-26a-induced anoikis in HCC cells. Collectively, our findings reveal that miR-26a is a novel player during anoikis and a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of metastatic HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shu-Li Cheng
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an Shaanxi, China
| | - Ka Bian
- Department of Otolaryngology, Tangdu Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an Shaanxi, China.,State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Immunology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bo Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lin-Tao Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Noor Gammoh
- Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, United Kingdom
| | - An-Gang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Immunology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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Shp2 Associates with and Enhances Nephrin Tyrosine Phosphorylation and Is Necessary for Foot Process Spreading in Mouse Models of Podocyte Injury. Mol Cell Biol 2015; 36:596-614. [PMID: 26644409 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00956-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In most forms of glomerular diseases, loss of size selectivity by the kidney filtration barrier is associated with changes in the morphology of podocytes. The kidney filtration barrier is comprised of the endothelial lining, the glomerular basement membrane, and the podocyte intercellular junction, or slit diaphragm. The cell adhesion proteins nephrin and neph1 localize to the slit diaphragm and transduce signals in a Src family kinase Fyn-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation-dependent manner. Studies in cell culture suggest nephrin phosphorylation-dependent signaling events are primarily involved in regulation of actin dynamics and lamellipodium formation. Nephrin phosphorylation is a proximal event that occurs both during development and following podocyte injury. We hypothesized that abrogation of nephrin phosphorylation following injury would prevent nephrin-dependent actin remodeling and foot process morphological changes. Utilizing a biased screening approach, we found nonreceptor Src homology 2 (sh2) domain-containing phosphatase Shp2 to be associated with phosphorylated nephrin. We observed an increase in nephrin tyrosine phosphorylation in the presence of Shp2 in cell culture studies. In the human glomerulopathies minimal-change nephrosis and membranous nephropathy, there is an increase in Shp2 phosphorylation, a marker of increased Shp2 activity. Mouse podocytes lacking Shp2 do not develop foot process spreading when subjected to podocyte injury in vivo using protamine sulfate or nephrotoxic serum (NTS). In the NTS model, we observed a lack of foot process spreading in mouse podocytes with Shp2 deleted and smaller amounts of proteinuria. Taken together, these results suggest that Shp2-dependent signaling events are necessary for changes in foot process structure and function following injury.
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Borriello L, Seeger RC, Asgharzadeh S, DeClerck YA. More than the genes, the tumor microenvironment in neuroblastoma. Cancer Lett 2015; 380:304-14. [PMID: 26597947 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is the second most common solid tumor in children. Since the seminal discovery of the role of amplification of the MYCN oncogene in the pathogenesis of neuroblastoma in the 1980s, much focus has been on the contribution of genetic alterations in the progression of this cancer. However it is now clear that not only genetic events play a role but that the tumor microenvironment (TME) substantially contributes to the biology of neuroblastoma. In this article, we present a comprehensive review of the literature on the contribution of the TME to the ten hallmarks of cancer in neuroblastoma and discuss the mechanisms of communication between neuroblastoma cells and the TME that underlie the influence of the TME on neuroblastoma progression. We end our review by discussing how the knowledge acquired over the last two decades in this field is now leading to new clinical trials targeting the TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Borriello
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
| | - Robert C Seeger
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
| | - Shahab Asgharzadeh
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
| | - Yves A DeClerck
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Evaluation of MicroRNAs Regulating Anoikis Pathways and Its Therapeutic Potential. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:716816. [PMID: 26587543 PMCID: PMC4637442 DOI: 10.1155/2015/716816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) has been implicated in almost every known survival mechanisms utilized by cancer cells. One of such mechanisms, anoikis resistance, plays a pivotal role in enabling metastasis by allowing cancer cells to circumvent cell death induced by lack of attachment. Understanding how miRNAs regulate the various anoikis pathways has become the research question of increasing number of studies published in the past years. Through these studies, a growing list of miRNAs has been identified to be important players in promoting either anoikis or resistance to anoikis. In this review, we will be focusing on these miRNAs and how the findings from those studies can contribute to novel therapeutic strategies against cancer progression. We will be examining miRNAs that have been found to promote anoikis sensitivity in numerous cancer types followed by miRNAs that inhibit anoikis. In addition, we will also be taking a look at major signaling pathways involved in the action of the each of these miRNAs to gain a better understanding on how miRNAs regulate anoikis.
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Xie JJ, Guo JC, Wu ZY, Xu XE, Wu JY, Chen B, Ran LQ, Liao LD, Li EM, Xu LY. Integrin α5 promotes tumor progression and is an independent unfavorable prognostic factor in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Hum Pathol 2015; 48:69-75. [PMID: 26772401 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2015.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Revised: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The integrin family plays a major role in complex biological events such as differentiation, development, wound healing, and the altered adhesive and invasive properties of tumor cells. The expression and function of integrin α5 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) are not clear. Here, by using tissue microarrays and immunohistochemical method, integrin α5 expression was retrospectively evaluated in 147 samples of human ESCC. Results showed that expression of integrin α5 was heterogeneous and varied from negative to intense expression in a membrane and cytoplasmic distribution manner. High expression of integrin α5 was significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis (P = .042) and tumor size (P = .042). Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that high expression of integrin α5 was related to poor overall survival of ESCC patients (P = .018). Multivariate analysis suggested that integrin α5 expression status was an independent prognostic factor for ESCC (P = .003). Moreover, integrin α5 expression was associated with the survival of patients with lymph node metastasis (P = .020), but did not influence the survival of patients without lymph node metastasis. Finally, we found that RNAi-mediated knockdown of integrin α5 led to decreased growth, migration, and invasion of ESCC cells. Combined, integrin α5 might play important roles in the progression of ESCC. Integrin α5 is a novel biomarker to predict the prognosis of ESCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Jun Xie
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou 515041, PR China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou 515041, PR China.
| | - Jin-Cheng Guo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou 515041, PR China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou 515041, PR China
| | - Zhi-Yong Wu
- Department of Oncologic Surgery, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shantou 515041, PR China
| | - Xiu-E Xu
- Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou 515041, PR China
| | - Jian-Yi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou 515041, PR China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou 515041, PR China
| | - Bo Chen
- Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou 515041, PR China
| | - Li-Qiang Ran
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou 515041, PR China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou 515041, PR China
| | - Lian-Di Liao
- Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou 515041, PR China
| | - En-Min Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou 515041, PR China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou 515041, PR China
| | - Li-Yan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou 515041, PR China; Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou 515041, PR China.
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Eberwein P, Laird D, Schulz S, Reinhard T, Steinberg T, Tomakidi P. Modulation of focal adhesion constituents and their down-stream events by EGF: On the cross-talk of integrins and growth factor receptors. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2015; 1853:2183-98. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2015.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Revised: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Young SA, McCabe KE, Bartakova A, Delaney J, Pizzo DP, Newbury RO, Varner JA, Schlaepfer DD, Stupack DG. Integrin α4 Enhances Metastasis and May Be Associated with Poor Prognosis in MYCN-low Neuroblastoma. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0120815. [PMID: 25973900 PMCID: PMC4431816 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0120815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2014] [Accepted: 02/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
High-risk neuroblastoma is associated with an overall survival rate of 30–50%. Neuroblastoma-expressed cell adhesion receptors of the integrin family impact cell adhesion, migration, proliferation and survival. Integrin α4 is essential for neural crest cell motility during development, is highly expressed on leukocytes, and is critical for transendothelial migration. Thus, cancer cells that express this receptor may exhibit increased metastatic potential. We show that α4 expression in human and murine neuroblastoma cell lines selectively enhances in vitro interaction with the alternatively spliced connecting segment 1 of fibronectin, as well as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and increases migration. Integrin α4 expression enhanced experimental metastasis in a syngeneic tumor model, reconstituting a pattern of organ involvement similar to that seen in patients. Accordingly, antagonism of integrin α4 blocked metastasis, suggesting adhesive function of the integrin is required. However, adhesive function was not sufficient, as mutants of integrin α4 that conserved the matrix-adhesive and promigratory function in vitro were compromised in their metastatic capacity in vivo. Clinically, integrin α4 is more frequently expressed in non-MYNC amplified tumors, and is selectively associated with poor prognosis in this subset of disease. These results reveal an unexpected role for integrin α4 in neuroblastoma dissemination and identify α4 as a potential prognostic indicator and therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanique A. Young
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Reproductive Medicine, UCSD School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California, 92093, United States of America
- University of California San Diego Moores Cancer Center, 3855 Health Sciences Drive, La Jolla, California, 92093, United States of America
| | - Katelyn E. McCabe
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Reproductive Medicine, UCSD School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California, 92093, United States of America
- University of California San Diego Moores Cancer Center, 3855 Health Sciences Drive, La Jolla, California, 92093, United States of America
| | - Alena Bartakova
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Reproductive Medicine, UCSD School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California, 92093, United States of America
| | - Joe Delaney
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Reproductive Medicine, UCSD School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California, 92093, United States of America
- University of California San Diego Moores Cancer Center, 3855 Health Sciences Drive, La Jolla, California, 92093, United States of America
| | - Donald P. Pizzo
- University of California San Diego Center for Advanced Laboratory Medicine, 10300 Campus Point Drive, MC7210, Room 1253, San Diego, CA, 92121, United States of America
- Department of Pathology, UCSD School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California, 92093, United States of America
| | - Robert O. Newbury
- Department of Pathology, UCSD School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California, 92093, United States of America
| | - Judith A. Varner
- University of California San Diego Moores Cancer Center, 3855 Health Sciences Drive, La Jolla, California, 92093, United States of America
- Department of Pathology, UCSD School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California, 92093, United States of America
| | - David D. Schlaepfer
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Reproductive Medicine, UCSD School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California, 92093, United States of America
- University of California San Diego Moores Cancer Center, 3855 Health Sciences Drive, La Jolla, California, 92093, United States of America
| | - Dwayne G. Stupack
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Reproductive Medicine, UCSD School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California, 92093, United States of America
- University of California San Diego Moores Cancer Center, 3855 Health Sciences Drive, La Jolla, California, 92093, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Suzuki M, Cheung NKV. Disialoganglioside GD2 as a therapeutic target for human diseases. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2015; 19:349-62. [PMID: 25604432 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2014.986459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ganglioside GD2 is found in vertebrates and invertebrates, overexpressed among pediatric and adult solid tumors, including neuroblastoma, glioma, retinoblastoma, Ewing's family of tumors, rhabdomyosarcoma, osteosarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, liposarcoma, fibrosarcoma, small cell lung cancer and melanoma. It is also found on stem cells, neurons, some nerve fibers and basal layer of the skin. AREAS COVERED GD2 provides a promising clinical target for radiolabeled antibodies, bispecific antibodies, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-modified T cells, drug conjugates, nanoparticles and vaccines. Here, we review its biochemistry, normal physiology, role in tumorigenesis, important characteristics as a target, as well as anti-GD2-targeted strategies. EXPERT OPINION Bridging the knowledge gaps in understanding the interactions of GD2 with signaling molecules within the glycosynapses, and the regulation of its cellular expression should improve therapeutic strategies targeting this ganglioside. In addition to anti-GD2 IgG mAbs, their drug conjugates, radiolabeled forms especially when genetically engineered to improve therapeutic index and novel bispecific forms or CARs to retarget T-cells are promising candidates for treating metastatic cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Suzuki
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics , 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065 , USA +1 646 888 2313 ; +1 631 422 0452 ;
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Chen CY, Su CM, Huang YL, Tsai CH, Fuh LJ, Tang CH. CCN1 induces oncostatin M production in osteoblasts via integrin-dependent signal pathways. PLoS One 2014; 9:e106632. [PMID: 25187949 PMCID: PMC4154729 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0106632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory response and articular destruction are common symptoms of osteoarthritis. Cysteine-rich 61 (CCN1 or Cyr61), a secreted protein from the CCN family, is associated with the extracellular matrix involved in many cellular activities like growth and differentiation. Yet the mechanism of CCN1 interacting with arthritic inflammatory response is unclear. This study finds CCN1 increasing expression of oncostatin m (OSM) in human osteoblastic cells. Pretreatment of αvβ3 monoclonal antibody and inhibitors of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), c-Src, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), and NF-κB inhibited CCN1-induced OSM expression in osteoblastic cells. Stimulation of cells with CCN1 increased phosphorylation of FAK, c-Src, PI3K, and NF-κB via αvβ3 receptor; CCN1 treatment of osteoblasts increased NF-κB-luciferase activity and p65 binding to NF-κB element on OSM promoter. Results indicate CCN1 heightening OSM expression via αvβ3 receptor, FAK, c-Src, PI3K, and NF-κB signal pathway in osteoblastic cells, suggesting CCN1 as a novel target in arthritis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Yu Chen
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Ming Su
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Li Huang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hao Tsai
- Department of Medicine and Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Lih-Jyh Fuh
- Department of Prosthodontics, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (CHT); (LJF)
| | - Chih-Hsin Tang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (CHT); (LJF)
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Rudolph J, Gerstmann K, Zimmer G, Steinecke A, Döding A, Bolz J. A dual role of EphB1/ephrin-B3 reverse signaling on migrating striatal and cortical neurons originating in the preoptic area: should I stay or go away? Front Cell Neurosci 2014; 8:185. [PMID: 25100946 PMCID: PMC4103172 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2014.00185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
During embryonic development the preoptic area (POA) gives rise to two populations of neurons which are generated at the same time, cortical interneurons and striatal cells. POA-derived cortical interneurons take a superficial path and avoid the developing striatum (Str) when they migrate to their target region. We found that EphB1, which is expressed in the striatal anlage, prevents cortical interneurons from entering the Str via ephrin-B3 reverse signaling. In contrast, for striatal neurons which also express ephrin-B3, EphB1 acts as a stop signal. This dual role of EphB1 is due to differences in ephrin-B3 reverse signaling cascades. For striatal neurons, binding of EphB1 to ephrin-B3 reduces endogenously high levels of pSrc and pFAK, which then causes the cells to stop migration. In contrast, in cortical interneurons EphB1-ephrin-B3 reverse signaling leads to phosphorylation of Src and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) which then mediates repulsion. Consistent with these in vitro findings, in an ephrin-B3 knockout mouse line, we discovered misrouted cortical interneurons in the Str and an over-migration of striatal neurons in their target region. Thus, EphB1/ephrin-B3 reverse signaling has a different impact on two sets of neurons which are generated at the same time and place: it can act as a repulsive cue for migrating neurons or it can terminate neuronal migration, a novel role of the Eph/ephrin system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Rudolph
- Institut für Allgemeine Zoologie und Tierphysiologie, Universität Jena Jena, Germany
| | - Katrin Gerstmann
- Institut für Allgemeine Zoologie und Tierphysiologie, Universität Jena Jena, Germany
| | - Geraldine Zimmer
- Institut für Allgemeine Zoologie und Tierphysiologie, Universität Jena Jena, Germany
| | - André Steinecke
- Institut für Allgemeine Zoologie und Tierphysiologie, Universität Jena Jena, Germany
| | - Annika Döding
- Institut für Allgemeine Zoologie und Tierphysiologie, Universität Jena Jena, Germany
| | - Jürgen Bolz
- Institut für Allgemeine Zoologie und Tierphysiologie, Universität Jena Jena, Germany
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Jean C, Chen XL, Nam JO, Tancioni I, Uryu S, Lawson C, Ward KK, Walsh CT, Miller NLG, Ghassemian M, Turowski P, Dejana E, Weis S, Cheresh DA, Schlaepfer DD. Inhibition of endothelial FAK activity prevents tumor metastasis by enhancing barrier function. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 204:247-63. [PMID: 24446483 PMCID: PMC3897185 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201307067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial cell focal adhesion kinase is a key intermediate between c-Src and the regulation of endothelial cell barrier function in the control of tumor metastasis. Pharmacological focal adhesion kinase (FAK) inhibition prevents tumor growth and metastasis, via actions on both tumor and stromal cells. In this paper, we show that vascular endothelial cadherin (VEC) tyrosine (Y) 658 is a target of FAK in tumor-associated endothelial cells (ECs). Conditional kinase-dead FAK knockin within ECs inhibited recombinant vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A) and tumor-induced VEC-Y658 phosphorylation in vivo. Adherence of VEGF-expressing tumor cells to ECs triggered FAK-dependent VEC-Y658 phosphorylation. Both FAK inhibition and VEC-Y658F mutation within ECs prevented VEGF-initiated paracellular permeability and tumor cell transmigration across EC barriers. In mice, EC FAK inhibition prevented VEGF-dependent tumor cell extravasation and melanoma dermal to lung metastasis without affecting primary tumor growth. As pharmacological c-Src or FAK inhibition prevents VEGF-stimulated c-Src and FAK translocation to EC adherens junctions, but FAK inhibition does not alter c-Src activation, our experiments identify EC FAK as a key intermediate between c-Src and the regulation of EC barrier function controlling tumor metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Jean
- Department of Reproductive Medicine and 2 Department of Pathology, Moores University of California, San Diego Cancer Center, La Jolla, CA 92093
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Soung YH, Korneeva N, Kim TH, Chung J. The role of c-Src in integrin (α6β4) dependent translational control. BMC Cell Biol 2013; 14:49. [PMID: 24180592 PMCID: PMC4228388 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2121-14-49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2013] [Accepted: 10/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Integrin α6β4 contributes to cancer progression by stimulating transcription as well as translation of cancer related genes. Our previous study demonstrated that α6β4 stimulates translation initiation of survival factors such as VEGF by activating mTOR pathway. However, the immediate early signaling events that link α6β4 to mTOR activation needs to be defined. Results In the current studies, we demonstrated that c-Src is an immediate early signaling molecule that acts upstream of α6β4 dependent mTOR activation and subsequent translation of VEGF in MDA-MB-435/β4 and MDA-MB-231 cancer cells. m7GTP-Sepharose–binding assay revealed that Src activity is required to form eIF4F complex which is necessary for Cap-dependent translation in α6β4 expressing human cancer cells. Conclusions Overall, our studies suggest that integrin β4 and c-Src activation is important early signaling events to lead mTOR activation and cap-dependent translation of VEGF.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jun Chung
- Department of Physiology and Stephenson Cancer Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104, USA.
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Miller NLG, Lawson C, Kleinschmidt EG, Tancioni I, Uryu S, Schlaepfer DD. A non-canonical role for Rgnef in promoting integrin-stimulated focal adhesion kinase activation. J Cell Sci 2013; 126:5074-85. [PMID: 24006257 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.135509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Rgnef (also known as p190RhoGEF or ARHGEF28) is a Rho guanine-nucleotide-exchange factor (GEF) that binds focal adhesion kinase (FAK). FAK is recruited to adhesions and activated by integrin receptors binding to matrix proteins, such as fibronectin (FN). Canonical models place Rgnef downstream of integrin-FAK signaling in regulating Rho GTPase activity and cell movement. Herein, we establish a new, upstream role for Rgnef in enhancing FAK localization to early peripheral adhesions and promoting FAK activation upon FN binding. Rgnef-null mouse embryo fibroblasts (MEFs) exhibit defects in adhesion formation, levels of FAK phosphotyrosine (pY)-397 and FAK localization to peripheral adhesions upon re-plating on FN. Rgnef re-expression rescues these defects, but requires Rgnef-FAK binding. A mutation in the Rgnef pleckstrin homology (PH) domain inhibits adhesion formation, FAK localization, and FAK-Y397 and paxillin-Y118 phosphorylation without disrupting the Rgnef-FAK interaction. A GEF-inactive Rgnef mutant rescues FAK-Y397 phosphorylation and early adhesion localization, but not paxillin-Y118 phosphorylation. This suggests that, downstream of FN binding, paxillin-pY118 requires Rgnef GEF activity through a mechanism distinct from adhesion formation and FAK activation. These results support a scaffolding role for Rgnef in FAK localization and activation at early adhesions in a PH-domain-dependent but GEF-activity-independent manner.
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Ulyanova T, Jiang Y, Padilla SM, Papayannopoulou T. Erythroid cells generated in the absence of specific β1-integrin heterodimers accumulate reactive oxygen species at homeostasis and are unable to mount effective antioxidant defenses. Haematologica 2013; 98:1769-77. [PMID: 23812936 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2013.087577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously reported that β1(Δ/Δ) mice have a markedly impaired response to hemolytic stress, but the mechanisms of this were unclear. In the present study we explored in detail quantitative, phenotypic and functional aspects of erythropoiesis at homeostasis in a large number of animals for each of 3 murine models with specific β1 heterodimer integrin deficiencies. We found that, at homeostasis, β1-deficient mice have a modest uncompensated anemia with ineffective erythropoiesis and decreased red blood cell survival. Mice lacking only α4 integrins (α4β1/α4β7) do not share this phenotype. There is an increased tendency for reactive oxygen species accumulation in β1(Δ/Δ) erythroid cells with decreased anti-oxidant defenses at homeostasis which are exaggerated after stress. Furthermore, expansion of erythroid cells in spleen post-stress is dependent on α5β1, likely through mechanisms activating focal adhesion kinase complexes that are distinct from α4β1-mediated responses. In vivo inhibition of focal adhesion kinase activation partially recapitulates the β1(Δ/Δ) stress response. Mice lacking all α4 and β1 integrins (double knockouts) had, at homeostasis, the most severe phenotype with selective impairment of erythroid responses. The fact that integrins participate in mitigating stress in erythroid cells through redox activation of distinct signaling pathways by specific integrin heterodimers is a link that has not been appreciated until now.
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Graf R, Barbero S, Keller N, Chen L, Uryu S, Schlaepfer D, Stupack D. Src-inducible association of CrkL with procaspase-8 promotes cell migration. Cell Adh Migr 2013; 7:362-9. [PMID: 23751956 DOI: 10.4161/cam.25284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Procaspase-8, the zymogen form of the apoptosis-initiator caspase-8, undergoes phosphorylation following integrin-mediated cell attachment to an extracellular matrix substrate. Concordant with cell attachment to fibronectin, a population of procaspase-8 becomes associated with a peripheral insoluble compartment that includes focal complexes and lamellar microfilaments. Phosphorylation of procaspase-8 both impairs its maturation to the proapoptotic form and can promote cell migration. Here we show that the cytoskeletal adaptor protein CrkL promotes caspase-8 recruitment to the peripheral spreading edge of cells, and that the catalytic domain of caspase-8 directly interacts with the SH2 domain of CrkL. We show that the interaction is abolished by shRNA-mediated silencing of Src, in Src-deficient MEFs, and by pharmacologic inhibitors of the kinase. The results provide insight into how tyrosine kinases may act to coordinate the suppression caspase-8 mediated apoptosis, while promoting cell invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryon Graf
- Department of Reproductive Medicine; Division of Gynecologic Oncology; University of California San Diego School of Medicine; La Jolla, CA USA; The UCSD Moores Cancer Center; La Jolla, CA USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, CA USA
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Jung O, Choi S, Jang SB, Lee SA, Lim ST, Choi YJ, Kim HJ, Kim DH, Kwak TK, Kim H, Kang M, Lee MS, Park SY, Ryu J, Jeong D, Cheong HK, Kim HJ, Park KH, Lee BJ, Schlaepfer DD, Lee JW. Tetraspan TM4SF5-dependent direct activation of FAK and metastatic potential of hepatocarcinoma cells. J Cell Sci 2012; 125:5960-73. [PMID: 23077174 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.100586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Transmembrane 4 L six family member 5 (TM4SF5) plays an important role in cell migration, and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) activity is essential for homeostatic and pathological migration of adherent cells. However, it is unclear how TM4SF5 signaling mediates the activation of cellular migration machinery, and how FAK is activated during cell adhesion. Here, we showed that direct and adhesion-dependent binding of TM4SF5 to FAK causes a structural alteration that may release the inhibitory intramolecular interaction in FAK. In turn, this may activate FAK at the cell's leading edge, to promote migration/invasion and in vivo metastasis. TM4SF5-mediated FAK activation occurred during integrin-mediated cell adhesion. TM4SF5 was localized at the leading edge of the cells, together with FAK and actin-organizing molecules, indicating a signaling link between TM4SF5/FAK and actin reorganization machinery. Impaired interactions between TM4SF5 and FAK resulted in an attenuated FAK phosphorylation (the signaling link to actin organization machinery) and the metastatic potential. Our findings demonstrate that TM4SF5 directly binds to and activates FAK in an adhesion-dependent manner, to regulate cell migration and invasion, suggesting that TM4SF5 is a promising target in the treatment of metastatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oisun Jung
- Interdisciplinary Program in Genetic Engineering, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea (Republic of)
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