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Huang Y, Xue C, Bu R, Wu C, Li J, Zhang J, Chen J, Shi Z, Chen Y, Wang Y, Liu Z. Inhibition and transport mechanisms of the ABC transporter hMRP5. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4811. [PMID: 38844452 PMCID: PMC11156954 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49204-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Human multidrug resistance protein 5 (hMRP5) effluxes anticancer and antivirus drugs, driving multidrug resistance. To uncover the mechanism of hMRP5, we determine six distinct cryo-EM structures, revealing an autoinhibitory N-terminal peptide that must dissociate to permit subsequent substrate recruitment. Guided by these molecular insights, we design an inhibitory peptide that could block substrate entry into the transport pathway. We also identify a regulatory motif, comprising a positively charged cluster and hydrophobic patches, within the first nucleotide-binding domain that modulates hMRP5 localization by engaging with membranes. By integrating our structural, biochemical, computational, and cell biological findings, we propose a model for hMRP5 conformational cycling and localization. Overall, this work provides mechanistic understanding of hMRP5 function, while informing future selective hMRP5 inhibitor development. More broadly, this study advances our understanding of the structural dynamics and inhibition of ABC transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Huang
- Shenzhen Key Labortory of Biomolecular Assembling and Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Chenyang Xue
- Shenzhen Key Labortory of Biomolecular Assembling and Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Ruiqian Bu
- Shenzhen Key Labortory of Biomolecular Assembling and Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Cang Wu
- Shenzhen Key Labortory of Biomolecular Assembling and Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiachen Li
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Jinqiu Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Jinyu Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Zhaoying Shi
- Department Of Chemical Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Yonglong Chen
- Department Of Chemical Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Yong Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
- The Provincial International Science and Technology Cooperation Base on Engineering Biology, International Campus of Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400, China.
| | - Zhongmin Liu
- Shenzhen Key Labortory of Biomolecular Assembling and Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China.
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China.
- Institute for Biological Electron Microscopy, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China.
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2
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Choi YJ, Lee K, Lee SY, Kwon Y, Woo J, Jeon CY, Ko SG. p53 activation enhances the sensitivity of non-small cell lung cancer to the combination of SH003 and docetaxel by inhibiting de novo pyrimidine synthesis. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:156. [PMID: 38704578 PMCID: PMC11069295 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03337-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying molecular biomarkers for predicting responses to anti-cancer drugs can enhance treatment precision and minimize side effects. This study investigated the novel cancer-targeting mechanism of combining SH003, an herbal medicine, with docetaxel in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. Also, the present study aimed to identify the genetic characteristics of cancer cells susceptible to this combination. METHODS Cell viability was analyzed by WST-8 assay. Apoptosis induction, BrdU incorporation, and cell cycle analysis were performed using flow cytometry. Metabolites were measured by LC-MS/MS analysis. Real-time PCR and western blotting evaluated RNA and protein expression. DNA damage was quantified through immunofluorescence. cBioPortal and GEPIA data were utilized to explore the mutual co-occurrence of TP53 and UMPS and UMPS gene expression in NSCLC. RESULTS The combination treatment suppressed de novo pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthesis by reducing the expression of related enzymes. This blockade of pyrimidine metabolism led to DNA damage and subsequent apoptosis, revealing a novel mechanism for inducing lung cancer cell death with this combination. However, some lung cancer cells exhibited distinct responses to the combination treatment that inhibited pyrimidine metabolism. The differences in sensitivity in lung cancer cells were determined by the TP53 gene status. TP53 wild-type lung cancer cells were effectively inhibited by the combination treatment through p53 activation, while TP53 mutant- or null-type cells exhibited lower sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS This study, for the first time, established a link between cancer cell genetic features and treatment response to simultaneous SH003 and docetaxel treatment. It highlights the significance of p53 as a predictive factor for susceptibility to this combination treatment. These findings also suggest that p53 status could serve as a crucial criterion in selecting appropriate therapeutic strategies for targeting pyrimidine metabolism in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jeong Choi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Korea
| | - Kangwook Lee
- Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University, Sejong, Korea
| | - Seo Yeon Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Youngbin Kwon
- Department of Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jaehyuk Woo
- Department of Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chan-Yong Jeon
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea
| | - Seong-Gyu Ko
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Korea.
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3
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Sito H, Tan SC. Genetic polymorphisms as potential pharmacogenetic biomarkers for platinum-based chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:102. [PMID: 38217759 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08915-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Platinum-based chemotherapy (PBC) is a widely used treatment for various solid tumors, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, its efficacy is often compromised by the emergence of drug resistance in patients. There is growing evidence that genetic variations may influence the susceptibility of NSCLC patients to develop resistance to PBC. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of the mechanisms underlying platinum drug resistance and highlight the important role that genetic polymorphisms play in this process. This paper discussed the genetic variants that regulate DNA repair, cellular movement, drug transport, metabolic processing, and immune response, with a focus on their effects on response to PBC. The potential applications of these genetic polymorphisms as predictive indicators in clinical practice are explored, as are the challenges associated with their implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilary Sito
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Shing Cheng Tan
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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4
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Capecitabine-loaded Bacterial Membrane Vesicles Derived from Enterococcus faecalis Promotes Apoptosis in HT-29 Colon Cancer Cells. Biochem Eng J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2022.108722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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5
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Tsukahara S, Shiota M, Takamatsu D, Nagakawa S, Matsumoto T, Kiyokoba R, Yagi M, Setoyama D, Noda N, Matsumoto S, Hayashi T, Contreras-Sanz A, Black PC, Inokuchi J, Kohashi K, Oda Y, Uchiumi T, Eto M, Kang D. Cancer genomic profiling identified dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase deficiency in bladder cancer promotes sensitivity to gemcitabine. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8535. [PMID: 35595780 PMCID: PMC9122908 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12528-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy is a standard therapy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). However, genomic alterations associated with chemotherapy sensitivity in MIBC have not been fully explored. This study aimed to investigate the genomic landscape of MIBC in association with the response to chemotherapy and to explore the biological role of genomic alterations. Genomic alterations in MIBC were sequenced by targeted exome sequencing of 409 genes. Gene expression in MIBC tissues was analyzed by western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and RNA microarray. Cellular sensitivity to gemcitabine and gemcitabine metabolite was examined in bladder cancer cells after modulation of candidate gene. Targeted exome sequencing in 20 cases with MIBC revealed various genomic alterations including pathogenic missense mutation of DPYD gene encoding dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD). Conversely, high DPYD and DPD expression were associated with poor response to gemcitabine-containing chemotherapy among patients with MIBC, as well as gemcitabine resistance in bladder cancer cells. DPD suppression rendered cells sensitive to gemcitabine, while DPD overexpression made cells gemcitabine-resistant through reduced activity of the cytotoxic gemcitabine metabolite difluorodeoxycytidine diphosphate. This study revealed the novel role of DPD in gemcitabine metabolism. It has been suggested that DPYD genomic alterations and DPD expression are potential predictive biomarkers in gemcitabine treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigehiro Tsukahara
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.,Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Masaki Shiota
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Dai Takamatsu
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.,Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shohei Nagakawa
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Takashi Matsumoto
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Ryo Kiyokoba
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Mikako Yagi
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Daiki Setoyama
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Nozomi Noda
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Shinya Matsumoto
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Tetsutaro Hayashi
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | | | - Peter C Black
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Junichi Inokuchi
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kenichi Kohashi
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Oda
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Uchiumi
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan. .,Department of Health and Science, School of Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Masatoshi Eto
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Dongchon Kang
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
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Kagawa Y, Sone K, Oguri T, Horiuchi M, Fukuda S, Uemura T, Takakuwa O, Maeno K, Fukumitsu K, Kanemitsu Y, Tajiri T, Ohkubo H, Takemura M, Ito Y, Niimi A. Predictive role of CYFRA 21-1 for S-1 monotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer patients. Respir Investig 2022; 60:393-399. [PMID: 35216954 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2021.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND S-1, an oral fluoropyrimidine derivative, is widely used for the treatment of several solid tumors. However, there are no predictive markers for its effectiveness. METHODS We retrospectively screened 108 patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated via S-1 monotherapy and investigated its relationship with cytokeratin 19 fragment (CYFRA 21-1) and CEA pretreatment levels. RESULTS Sixty-one patients with high CYFRA 21-1 levels had a statistically significant shorter progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) than 46 patients with normal levels (median PFS = 42 days vs. 70 days, respectively; p = 0.0014; median OS = 197 days vs. 316 days, respectively, p = 0.0239). CONCLUSIONS Serum CYFRA 21-1 levels have predictive and prognostic roles in the management of patients with advanced NSCLC on S-1 monotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Kagawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kazuki Sone
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Oguri
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Education and Research Center for Community Medicine, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan.
| | - Minoru Horiuchi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Satoshi Fukuda
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takehiro Uemura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Osamu Takakuwa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Ken Maeno
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kennsuke Fukumitsu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kanemitsu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tomoko Tajiri
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Ohkubo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masaya Takemura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Education and Research Center for Community Medicine, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yutaka Ito
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akio Niimi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Nagoya, Japan
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7
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Huang X, Chen L, Li Z, Zheng B, Liu N, Fang Q, Jiang J, Rao T, Ouyang D. The efficacy and toxicity of antineoplastic antimetabolites: Role of gut microbiota. Toxicology 2021; 460:152858. [PMID: 34273448 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.152858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The incidence and mortality of cancer are rapidly growing all over the world. Nowadays, antineoplastic antimetabolites still play a key role in the chemotherapy of cancer. However, the interindividual variations in the efficacy and toxicity of antineoplastic antimetabolites are nonnegligible challenges to their clinical applications. Although many studies have focused on genetic variation, the reasons for these interindividual variations have still not been fully understood. Gut microbiota is reported to be associated with the efficacy and toxicity of antineoplastic antimetabolites. In this review, we summarize the interaction of antineoplastic antimetabolites on gut microbiota and the influences of shifted gut microbiota profiles on the efficacy and toxicity of antineoplastic antimetabolites. The factors affecting the efficacy and toxicity of antineoplastic antimetabolites via gut microbiota are also discussed. In addition, we present our viewpoints that regulating the gut microbiota may increase the efficacy and decrease the toxicity of antineoplastic antimetabolites. This will help us better understand the new mechanism via gut microbiota and promote individualized use of antineoplastic antimetabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Huang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410078, PR China
| | - Lulu Chen
- Hunan Key Laboratory for Bioanalysis of Complex Matrix Samples, Changsha Duxact Biotech Co., Ltd., Changsha, 411000, PR China
| | - Zhenyu Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, PR China; Department of Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, PR China
| | - Binjie Zheng
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410078, PR China
| | - Na Liu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410078, PR China
| | - Qing Fang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410078, PR China
| | - Jinsheng Jiang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410078, PR China; Sanjin Group Hunan Sanjin Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 320 Deshan Road, Hunan, 415000, PR China
| | - Tai Rao
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410078, PR China.
| | - Dongsheng Ouyang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410078, PR China.
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Takemoto S, Akagi K, Ono S, Tomono H, Honda N, Suyama T, Umeyama Y, Dotsu Y, Taniguchi H, Ogawara D, Senju H, Gyotoku H, Sugasaki N, Yamaguchi H, Nakatomi K, Fukuda M, Mukae H. Efficacy of S-1 after pemetrexed in patients with non-small cell lung cancer: A retrospective multi-institutional analysis. Thorac Cancer 2021; 12:2300-2306. [PMID: 34255933 PMCID: PMC8410557 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.14055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background S‐1 and pemetrexed (PEM) are key treatments for non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the mechanism of anticancer activity of S‐1 and PEM is similar. Cross‐resistance between S‐1 and PEM is of concern. This exploratory study was designed to evaluate the treatment effect of S‐1 following PEM‐containing treatment. Methods This retrospective study included patients with advanced (c‐stage III or IV, UICC seventh edition) or recurrent NSCLC who received S‐1 monotherapy following the failure of previous PEM‐containing chemotherapy at six hospitals in Japan. The primary endpoint of the study was the overall response rate (ORR). The secondary endpoint was the disease control rate (DCR), time to treatment failure (TTF), progression‐free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). Results A total of 53 NSCLC patients met the criteria for inclusion in the study. Forty‐six patients had adenocarcinoma (88.7%) and no patients had squamous cell carcinoma. Thirty‐one patients (58.5%) received the standard S‐1 regimen and 18 patients (34.0%) received the modified S‐1 regimen. ORR was 1.9% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.00%–10.1%). Median TTF, PFS, and OS were 65, 84, and 385 days, respectively. Conclusions Although there were several limitations in this study, the ORR of S‐1 after PEM in patients with nonsquamous (non‐SQ) NSCLC was low compared to the historical control. One of the options in the future might be to avoid S‐1 treatment in PEM‐treated patients who need tumor shrinkage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinnosuke Takemoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate, School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Akagi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Nagasaki Genbaku Isahaya Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Sawana Ono
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Nagasaki Genbaku Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hiromi Tomono
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Nagasaki Medical Center, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Noritaka Honda
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate, School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Takayuki Suyama
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate, School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Umeyama
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate, School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yosuke Dotsu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate, School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Taniguchi
- Molecular Pharmacology Program and Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Daiki Ogawara
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fukuoka Wajiro Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Senju
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sasebo City General Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Gyotoku
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate, School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Nanae Sugasaki
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki Prefecture Shimabara Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Yamaguchi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate, School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Katsumi Nakatomi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Ureshino Medical Center, Saga, Japan
| | - Minoru Fukuda
- Department of Clinical oncology Center, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Mukae
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate, School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
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9
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Robinson WJ, Taylor AE, Lauga-Cami S, Weaver GW, Arroo RRJ, Kaiser M, Gul S, Kuzikov M, Ellinger B, Singh K, Schirmeister T, Botana A, Eurtivong C, Bhambra AS. The discovery of novel antitrypanosomal 4-phenyl-6-(pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidines. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 209:112871. [PMID: 33070078 PMCID: PMC7762786 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Human African trypanosomiasis, or sleeping sickness, is a neglected tropical disease caused by Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense and Trypanosoma brucei gambiense which seriously affects human health in Africa. Current therapies present limitations in their application, parasite resistance, or require further clinical investigation for wider use. Our work herein describes the design and syntheses of novel antitrypanosomal 4-phenyl-6-(pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidines, with compound 13, the 4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-6-(pyridine-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-amine demonstrating an IC50 value of 0.38 μM and a promising off-target ADME-Tox profile in vitro. In silico molecular target investigations showed rhodesain to be a putative candidate, supported by STD and WaterLOGSY NMR experiments, however, in vitro evaluation of compound 13 against rhodesain exhibited low experimental inhibition. Therefore, our reported library of drug-like pyrimidines present promising scaffolds for further antikinetoplastid drug development for both phenotypic and target-based drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Robinson
- Leicester School of Allied Health Sciences, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester, LE1 9BH, UK
| | - Annie E Taylor
- Leicester School of Allied Health Sciences, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester, LE1 9BH, UK
| | - Solange Lauga-Cami
- Leicester School of Allied Health Sciences, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester, LE1 9BH, UK
| | - George W Weaver
- Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, UK
| | - Randolph R J Arroo
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester, LE1 9BH, UK
| | - Marcel Kaiser
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, 4051, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, 4003, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sheraz Gul
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology Screening Port, Hamburg, Germany; Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence Immune-Mediated Diseases CIMD, Hamburg Site, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Maria Kuzikov
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology Screening Port, Hamburg, Germany; Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence Immune-Mediated Diseases CIMD, Hamburg Site, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Bernhard Ellinger
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology Screening Port, Hamburg, Germany; Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence Immune-Mediated Diseases CIMD, Hamburg Site, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kuldip Singh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Tanja Schirmeister
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Staudingerweg 5, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Adolfo Botana
- JEOL UK, JEOL House, Silvert Court, Watchmead, Welwyn Garden City, Herts, AL7 1LT, UK
| | - Chatchakorn Eurtivong
- Program in Chemical Sciences, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand
| | - Avninder S Bhambra
- Leicester School of Allied Health Sciences, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester, LE1 9BH, UK.
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10
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Wan QL, Meng X, Fu X, Chen B, Yang J, Yang H, Zhou Q. Intermediate metabolites of the pyrimidine metabolism pathway extend the lifespan of C. elegans through regulating reproductive signals. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 11:3993-4010. [PMID: 31232697 PMCID: PMC6629003 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The pyrimidine metabolism pathway has important biological functions; it not only maintains appropriate pyrimidine pools but also produces bioactive intermediate metabolites. In a previous study, we identified that the pyrimidine metabolism pathway is associated with aging regulation. However, the molecular mechanism by which the pyrimidine metabolism pathway regulates aging remains unclear. Here, we investigated the longevity effect of pyrimidine intermediates on Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). Our results demonstrated that the supplementation of some pyrimidine intermediates could extend the lifespan of C. elegans. In addition, the RNAi knockdown of essential enzymes involved in pyrimidine metabolism could also significantly affect lifespan. We further investigated the molecular mechanism by which a representative intermediate metabolite, thymine, extends the lifespan of worms and found that thymine-induced longevity required the nuclear receptors DAF-12 and NHR-49, and the transcription factor DAF-16/FOXO. Further pathway analysis revealed that the longevity effect of thymine depended on the inhibition of reproductive signals. Additionally, we found that other pyrimidine intermediates functioned in a manner similar to thymine to prolong lifespan in C. elegans. Taken together, our results revealed that pyrimidine intermediates increased lifespan by inhibiting reproductive signals and subsequently inducing the function of DAF-12, NHR-49 and DAF-16 in C. elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin-Li Wan
- The Center for Precision Medicine of First Affiliated Hospital, Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiao Meng
- The Center for Precision Medicine of First Affiliated Hospital, Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiaodie Fu
- The Center for Precision Medicine of First Affiliated Hospital, Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Bohui Chen
- The Center for Precision Medicine of First Affiliated Hospital, Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jing Yang
- The Center for Precision Medicine of First Affiliated Hospital, Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Hengwen Yang
- The Center for Precision Medicine of First Affiliated Hospital, Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Qinghua Zhou
- The Center for Precision Medicine of First Affiliated Hospital, Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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11
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Miwa T, Kanda M, Tanaka C, Kobayashi D, Hayashi M, Yamada S, Nakayama G, Koike M, Kodera Y. Albumin-Bilirubin Score Predicts Tolerability to Adjuvant S-1 Monotherapy after Curative Gastrectomy. J Gastric Cancer 2019; 19:183-192. [PMID: 31245163 PMCID: PMC6589428 DOI: 10.5230/jgc.2019.19.e15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Due to adverse events, dose reduction or withdrawal of adjuvant chemotherapy is required for some patients. To identify the predictive factors for tolerability to postoperative adjuvant S-1 monotherapy in gastric cancer (GC) patients, we evaluated the predictive values of blood indicators. Materials and Methods We analyzed 98 patients with pStage II/III GC who underwent postoperative adjuvant S-1 monotherapy. We retrospectively analyzed correlations between 14 parameters obtained from perioperative routine blood tests to assess their influence on the withdrawal of postoperative adjuvant S-1 monotherapy, within 6 months after discontinuation. Results Postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy was discontinued in 21 patients (21.4%) within 6 months. Univariable analysis revealed that high preoperative albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) scores had the highest odds ratio (OR) for predicting the failure of adjuvant S-1 chemotherapy (OR, 6.47; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.08-20.1; cutoff value, -2.696). The high ALBI group had a significantly shorter time to failure of postoperative adjuvant S-1monotherapy (hazard ratio, 3.48; 95% CI, 1.69-7.25; P=0.001). Multivariable analysis identified high preoperative ALBI score as an independent prognostic factor for tolerability (OR, 10.3; 95% CI, 2.33-45.8; P=0.002). Conclusions Preoperative ALBI shows promise as an indicator associated with the tolerability of adjuvant S-1 monotherapy in patients with pStage II/III GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Miwa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mitsuro Kanda
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Chie Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kobayashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masamichi Hayashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Suguru Yamada
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Goro Nakayama
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masahiko Koike
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kodera
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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12
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Narimatsu T, Kambara T, Abe H, Uematsu T, Tokura Y, Suzuki I, Sakamoto K, Takei K, Nishihara D, Nakamura G, Kokubun H, Yuki H, Betsunoh H, Kamai T. 5-Fluorouracil-based adjuvant chemotherapy improves the clinical outcomes of patients with lymphovascular invasion of upper urinary tract cancer and low expression of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase. Oncol Lett 2019; 17:4429-4436. [PMID: 30944635 PMCID: PMC6444440 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) by urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract (UC-UUT) is associated with an unfavorable prognosis. However, a high proportion of patients with UC-UUT are unable to receive the recommended doses of cisplatin-based adjuvant chemotherapy due to advanced age or renal dysfunction resulting from nephroureterectomy. Tegafur-uracil is an oral form of 5-fluorouracil whose efficacy is influenced by the activities of enzymes associated with its metabolism, such as dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD), orotatephosphoribosyltransferase (OPRT) and thymidylate synthase (TS). The aim of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of adjuvant 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy for UC-UUT with LVI, and to assess the expression of enzymes associated with 5-fluorouracil metabolism as promising biomarkers of therapy efficacy. The present study retrospectively investigated 52 cases of UC-UUT. Following nephroureterectomy, tegafur-uracil was administered to 15 out of 30 patients with LVI who were not eligible for cisplatin-based adjuvant chemotherapy. Levels of DPD, OPRT and TS expression in tumor specimens were determined by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and their associations with the efficacy of adjuvant 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy were analyzed. The levels of DPD, OPRT and TS expression were not associated with pathological factors or outcome, although a higher expression of TS was associated with a poorer outcome. Adjuvant 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy significantly improved the outcome of patients with lower DPD expression. However, the levels of OPRT and TS expression did not influence therapeutic efficacy. Adjuvant 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy appears to be effective for lymphovascular-invasive UC-UUT in patients with lower DPD expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Narimatsu
- Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi 321-0293, Japan
| | - Tsunehito Kambara
- Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi 321-0293, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Abe
- Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi 321-0293, Japan
| | - Toshitaka Uematsu
- Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi 321-0293, Japan
| | - Yuumi Tokura
- Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi 321-0293, Japan
| | - Issei Suzuki
- Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi 321-0293, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Sakamoto
- Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi 321-0293, Japan
| | - Kouhei Takei
- Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi 321-0293, Japan
| | - Daisaku Nishihara
- Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi 321-0293, Japan
| | - Gaku Nakamura
- Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi 321-0293, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Kokubun
- Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi 321-0293, Japan
| | - Hideo Yuki
- Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi 321-0293, Japan
| | - Hironori Betsunoh
- Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi 321-0293, Japan
| | - Takao Kamai
- Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi 321-0293, Japan
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13
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Impact of race on dose selection of molecular-targeted agents in early-phase oncology trials. Br J Cancer 2018; 118:1571-1579. [PMID: 29795308 PMCID: PMC6008299 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-018-0102-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background We examined the impact of race on the maximum tolerated doses (MTD) and final approved doses (FAD) of single-agent molecular-targeted agents (MTA) in North America/Europe (NA/EU) and Asia. Methods We searched PubMed and regulatory databases to identify targeted drugs approved globally and compared their FAD and MTD in corresponding phase I/II studies conducted separately in NA/EU and Asia. To evaluate this further, we conducted parallel, prospective, first-in-human studies of DS-7423, a dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor, in patients with advanced solid tumours in the US and Japan. We pooled and compared the pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD), toxicity, and efficacy between these populations. Results 17 MTA were approved in NA/EU and Asia from 2001 to 2015. Recommended phase 2 doses (RP2D) were identical across races in 14 of 17 (80%) studies and differences were not clinically meaningful. FAD were identical across all regions. 42 and 27 patients from US and Japan, respectively, were enrolled in the phase I studies of DS-7423. Despite differences in race, body weight, and body mass index, the RP2D were 240 mg/day with no differences in toxicities, PK, PD, or efficacy. Conclusions Conducting separate clinical trials of single-agent MTA in Caucasian and Asian populations may be redundant.
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14
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Population Pharmacokinetics of Gemcitabine and dFdU in Pancreatic Cancer Patients Using an Optimal Design, Sparse Sampling Approach. Ther Drug Monit 2018; 39:290-296. [PMID: 28346313 DOI: 10.1097/ftd.0000000000000399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gemcitabine remains a pillar in pancreatic cancer treatment. However, toxicities are frequently observed. Dose adjustment based on therapeutic drug monitoring might help decrease the occurrence of toxicities. In this context, this work aims at describing the pharmacokinetics (PK) of gemcitabine and its metabolite dFdU in pancreatic cancer patients and at identifying the main sources of their PK variability using a population PK approach, despite a sparse sampled-population and heterogeneous administration and sampling protocols. METHODS Data from 38 patients were included in the analysis. The 3 optimal sampling times were determined using KineticPro and the population PK analysis was performed on Monolix. Available patient characteristics, including cytidine deaminase (CDA) status, were tested as covariates. Correlation between PK parameters and occurrence of severe hematological toxicities was also investigated. RESULTS A two-compartment model best fitted the gemcitabine and dFdU PK data (volume of distribution and clearance for gemcitabine: V1 = 45 L and CL1 = 4.03 L/min; for dFdU: V2 = 36 L and CL2 = 0.226 L/min). Renal function was found to influence gemcitabine clearance, and body surface area to impact the volume of distribution of dFdU. However, neither CDA status nor the occurrence of toxicities was correlated to PK parameters. CONCLUSIONS Despite sparse sampling and heterogeneous administration and sampling protocols, population and individual PK parameters of gemcitabine and dFdU were successfully estimated using Monolix population PK software. The estimated parameters were consistent with previously published results. Surprisingly, CDA activity did not influence gemcitabine PK, which was explained by the absence of CDA-deficient patients enrolled in the study. This work suggests that even sparse data are valuable to estimate population and individual PK parameters in patients, which will be usable to individualize the dose for an optimized benefit to risk ratio.
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15
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Honma Y, Togo S, Shimizu K, Tulafu M, Hayashi T, Uekusa T, Tominaga S, Kido K, Fujimoto Y, Nanba Y, Takamochi K, Oh S, Suzuki K, Takahashi K. Expression of thymidylate synthase predicts clinical outcomes of S-1-based chemotherapy in squamous cell lung cancer. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:3319-3326. [PMID: 28927083 PMCID: PMC5587968 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) histology have limited chemotherapeutic options. Treatment with S-1 combined with carboplatin (CBDCA) has been shown to provide a significant survival benefit in SCC patients compared with treatment with combined CBDCA and paclitaxel. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between the expression of molecular markers related to the pharmacological action of S-1, including thymidylate synthase (TS), orotate phosphoribosyltransferase (OPRT) and dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD), and the clinical efficacy of S-1-based chemotherapy in SCC patients. The immunohistochemical expression of TS, OPRT and DPD were retrospectively analyzed in tumor biopsy and resection specimens from patients with advanced SCC (n=32). Immunohistochemical H-scores were calculated and their association with S-1/CBDCA response was evaluated. Median progression-free survival time was significantly longer in patients with low TS H-scores than in those with high TS H-scores (162.5 vs. 97 days; P=0.004); by contrast, overall survival time was not observed to differ significantly between these groups (P=0.185). In the multivariate analysis, low TS expression was a significant positive factor for progression-free survival rate (hazard ratio, 0.40; P=0.021). A low TS H-score was also associated with an increased response to S-1-based chemotherapy compared with a high TS H-score (P=0.002). This indicates that SCC patients with low TS expression can benefit significantly from S-1-based chemotherapy, and that H-score measurement of intratumoral TS expression may represent a useful predictive biomarker for response to S-1-based chemotherapy by patients with SCC-type NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichiro Honma
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine & Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.,Research Institute for Diseases of Old Ages, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Shinsaku Togo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine & Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.,Research Institute for Diseases of Old Ages, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Kazue Shimizu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine & Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.,Research Institute for Diseases of Old Ages, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Miniwan Tulafu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine & Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.,Research Institute for Diseases of Old Ages, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Takuo Hayashi
- Department of Pathology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Toshimasa Uekusa
- Department of Pathology, Japan Labour Health and Welfare Organization Kanto Rosai Hospital, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 211-8510, Japan
| | - Shigeru Tominaga
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Urayasu, Chiba 279-0021, Japan
| | - Kenji Kido
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Nerima Hospital, Tokyo 177-8521, Japan
| | - Yuichi Fujimoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine & Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.,Research Institute for Diseases of Old Ages, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Yukiko Nanba
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine & Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.,Research Institute for Diseases of Old Ages, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Kazuya Takamochi
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Shiaki Oh
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Kenji Suzuki
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Takahashi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine & Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.,Research Institute for Diseases of Old Ages, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
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16
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Hashimoto A, Hashimoto S, Sugino H, Yoshikawa A, Onodera Y, Handa H, Oikawa T, Sabe H. ZEB1 induces EPB41L5 in the cancer mesenchymal program that drives ARF6-based invasion, metastasis and drug resistance. Oncogenesis 2016; 5:e259. [PMID: 27617643 PMCID: PMC5047961 DOI: 10.1038/oncsis.2016.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Revised: 07/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Onset of the cancer mesenchymal program is closely associated with cancer malignancy and drug resistance. Among the different epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT)-associated transcriptional factors, ZEB1 has a key role in inducing the mesenchymal phenotypes and stem cell-like properties of different breast cancer cells. ARF6 and its effector AMAP1 are frequently overexpressed in breast cancer cells, and promote invasion, metastasis and drug resistance. EPB41L5 is induced during EMT, and mediates the disruption of E-cadherin-based cell–cell adhesion and the promotion of focal adhesion dynamics. Here we show that EPB41L5 is an integral component of the ARF6-based pathway, which is induced by ZEB1. We found that EPB41L5 is expressed at high levels in malignant breast cancer cells and binds to AMAP1. ZEB1 induced EPB41L5 both in cancer cells and normal cells. This relationship was recaptured with The Cancer Genome Atlas RNASeq data set, and correlated with the poor outcome of the patients. In contrast, diversified events, such as tumor growth factor β1 stimulation, expression of SNAI1 and TP53 mutation, can each cause the induction of ZEB1 and EPB41L5, depending on the cellular context. Our results demonstrated that the ZEB1-EPB41L5 axis is at the core of the cancer mesenchymal program that drives ARF6-based invasion, metastasis and drug resistance of significant populations of primary breast cancers, and is tightly correlated with the poor outcomes of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hashimoto
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - S Hashimoto
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - H Sugino
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - A Yoshikawa
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Y Onodera
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - H Handa
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - T Oikawa
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - H Sabe
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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17
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Yin JY, Li X, Zhou HH, Liu ZQ. Pharmacogenomics of platinum-based chemotherapy sensitivity in NSCLC: toward precision medicine. Pharmacogenomics 2016; 17:1365-78. [PMID: 27462924 DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2016-0074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death in the world. Platinum-based chemotherapy is the first-line treatment for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), however, the therapeutic efficiency varies remarkably among individuals. A large number of pharmacogenomics studies aimed to identify genetic variations which can be used to predict platinum response. Those studies are leading NSCLC treatment to the new era of precision medicine. In the current review, we provided a comprehensive update on the main recent findings of genetic variations which can be used to predict platinum sensitivity in the NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Ye Yin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, P.R. China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha 410078, P.R. China
- Hunan Province Cooperation Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang 421001, P.R. China
| | - Xi Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, P.R. China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha 410078, P.R. China
- Hunan Province Cooperation Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang 421001, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Hao Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, P.R. China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha 410078, P.R. China
- Hunan Province Cooperation Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang 421001, P.R. China
| | - Zhao-Qian Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, P.R. China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha 410078, P.R. China
- Hunan Province Cooperation Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang 421001, P.R. China
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18
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Tominaga T, Tsuchiya T, Mochinaga K, Arai J, Yamasaki N, Matsumoto K, Miyazaki T, Nagasaki T, Nanashima A, Tsukamoto K, Nagayasu T. Epidermal growth factor signals regulate dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase expression in EGFR-mutated non-small-cell lung cancer. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:354. [PMID: 27268079 PMCID: PMC4896005 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2392-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been shown that epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation status is associated with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) sensitivity in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the relationship between EGFR mutation status and dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD), a 5-FU degrading enzyme, is unknown. METHODS We elucidated the crosstalk among the EGFR signal cascade, the DPD gene (DPYD), and DPD protein expression via the transcription factor Sp1 and the effect of EGFR mutation status on the crosstalk. RESULTS In the PC9 (exon19 E746-A750) study, EGF treatment induced up-regulation of both Sp1 and DPD; gefitinib, an EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI), and mithramycin A, a specific Sp-1 inhibitor, suppressed them. Among EGFR-mutated (PC9, HCC827; exon19 E746-A750 and H1975; exon21 L858R, T790M, gefitinib resistant) and -non-mutated (H1437, H1299) cell lines, EGF administration increased DPYD mRNA expression only in mutated cells (p < 0.05). Accordingly, gefitinib inhibited DPD protein expression only in PC9 and HCC827 cells, and mithramycin A inhibited it in EGFR-mutated cell lines, but not in wild-type. FU treatment decreased the level of cell viability more in gefitinib-treated EGFR-TKI sensitive cell lines. Further, combination treatment of FU and mithramycin A suppressed cell viability even in a gefitinib resistant cell line. CONCLUSIONS The EGFR signal cascade regulates DPD expression via Sp1 in EGFR mutant cells. These results might be a step towards new therapies targeting Sp1 and DPD in NSCLC with different EGFR mutant status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuro Tominaga
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan
| | - Tomoshi Tsuchiya
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan
| | - Koji Mochinaga
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan
| | - Junichi Arai
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan
| | - Naoya Yamasaki
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan
| | - Keitaro Matsumoto
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan
| | - Takuro Miyazaki
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan
| | - Toshiya Nagasaki
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan
| | - Atsushi Nanashima
- Department of Surgery, Miyazaki University School of Medicine, 5200 Kihara, Miyazaki, Miyazaki, 889-1692, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Tsukamoto
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Science, 1-14 Bunkyo, Nagasaki, Nagasaki, 852-8521, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nagayasu
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan.
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Hashimoto A, Oikawa T, Hashimoto S, Sugino H, Yoshikawa A, Otsuka Y, Handa H, Onodera Y, Nam JM, Oneyama C, Okada M, Fukuda M, Sabe H. P53- and mevalonate pathway-driven malignancies require Arf6 for metastasis and drug resistance. J Cell Biol 2016; 213:81-95. [PMID: 27044891 PMCID: PMC4828690 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201510002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance, metastasis, and a mesenchymal transcriptional program are central features of aggressive breast tumors. The GTPase Arf6, often overexpressed in tumors, is critical to promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition and invasiveness. The metabolic mevalonate pathway (MVP) is associated with tumor invasiveness and known to prenylate proteins, but which prenylated proteins are critical for MVP-driven cancers is unknown. We show here that MVP requires the Arf6-dependent mesenchymal program. The MVP enzyme geranylgeranyl transferase II (GGT-II) and its substrate Rab11b are critical for Arf6 trafficking to the plasma membrane, where it is activated by receptor tyrosine kinases. Consistently, mutant p53, which is known to support tumorigenesis via MVP, promotes Arf6 activation via GGT-II and Rab11b. Inhibition of MVP and GGT-II blocked invasion and metastasis and reduced cancer cell resistance against chemotherapy agents, but only in cells overexpressing Arf6 and components of the mesenchymal program. Overexpression of Arf6 and mesenchymal proteins as well as enhanced MVP activity correlated with poor patient survival. These results provide insights into the molecular basis of MVP-driven malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ari Hashimoto
- Department of Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Oikawa
- Department of Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Shigeru Hashimoto
- Department of Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Sugino
- Department of Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Ayumu Yoshikawa
- Department of Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Yutaro Otsuka
- Department of Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Haruka Handa
- Department of Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Onodera
- Department of Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Jin-Min Nam
- Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Chitose Oneyama
- Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masato Okada
- Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Mitsunori Fukuda
- Department of Developmental Biology and Neurosciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Hisataka Sabe
- Department of Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
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Vanden Heuvel JP, Thompson JT, Albrecht P, Mandetta D, Kamerow H, Ford JP. Differential nucleobase protection against 5-fluorouracil toxicity for squamous and columnar cells: implication for tissue function and oncogenesis. Invest New Drugs 2015; 33:1003-11. [PMID: 26123924 PMCID: PMC4768230 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-015-0259-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The goal of these studies was to test if local excess of a normal nucleobase substrate prevents the toxicity of protracted 5FU exposure used in human cancer treatment. Methods Messenger RNA expression studies were performed of 5FU activating enzymes in human colon cancer cells lines (CaCo-2, HT-29), primary human gingival cells (HEGP), and normal esophageal and gastric clinical tissue samples. Excess nucleobase was then used in vitro to protect cells from 5FU toxicity. Results Pyrimidine salvage pathways predominate in squamous cells of the gingiva (HEGP) and esophageal tissue. Excess salvage nucleobase uracil but not adenine prevented 5FU toxicity in HEGP cells. Pyrimidine de novo synthesis predominates in columnar Caco-2, HT-29 and gastric tissue. Excess nucleobase adenine but not uracil prevented 5FU toxicity to Caco-2 and HT-29 cells. Conclusion The directed application of the normal nucleobase uracil to the squamous cells of the oral mucosa and palms and soles together with the delivery of the normal nucleobase adenine to the columnar cells of the GI tract may enable the safe delivery of higher 5FU dose intensity. These results also suggest a feature of tissue function where squamous cells grow largely by recycling overlying tissue cell components. Columnar cells use absorbed surface nutrients for de novo growth. A disruption of this tissue function can result in growth derived from an underlying nutrient source. That change would also cause the loss of the region of cell turnover at the tissue surface. Subsequent cell proliferation with limiting nutrient availability could promote oncogenesis in such initiated tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- John P Vanden Heuvel
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences and Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, Penn State University, 325 Life Sciences Building, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.,INDIGO Biosciences, Inc., 1981 Pine Hall Road, State College, PA, 16801, USA
| | - Jerry T Thompson
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences and Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, Penn State University, 325 Life Sciences Building, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Prajakta Albrecht
- INDIGO Biosciences, Inc., 1981 Pine Hall Road, State College, PA, 16801, USA
| | - Donald Mandetta
- Mount Nittany Medical Center, 1850 East Park Avenue, State College, PA, 16803, USA
| | - Harry Kamerow
- Mount Nittany Medical Center, 1850 East Park Avenue, State College, PA, 16803, USA
| | - John P Ford
- Mount Nittany Medical Center, 1850 East Park Avenue, State College, PA, 16803, USA. .,Asymmetric Therapeutics LLC, 141 Main St., PO Box J, Unadilla, NY, 13849, USA.
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Matsusaka S, Lenz HJ. Pharmacogenomics of fluorouracil -based chemotherapy toxicity. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2015; 11:811-21. [PMID: 25800061 DOI: 10.1517/17425255.2015.1027684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION 5- fluorouracil (5-FU), alone or in combination, is the most prevalent and effective chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of cancers of the head and neck, breast, pancreas and gastrointestinal tract. AREAS COVERED Three rare DPYD mutations, a splice mutation in intron 14 (c.1905+1G>A) and two nonsynonymous coding variants (c.1679T>G, c.2846A>T), have consistently been associated with severe 5-FU toxicity. A relatively common haplotype, hapB3, containing three intronic polymorphisms (c.483+18G>A; c.680+139G>A; c.959-51T>C) and a synonymous mutation c.1236G>A linked to c.1129-5923C>G, is a major contributor to early onset severe toxicity. TYMS VNTR 2R and TYMS-3'-UTR 6-bp ins-del variants were associated with global toxicity in capecitabine-treated patients. A candidate gene study of capecitabine-related toxicity reported that the s12132152 were strongly associated with hand-foot syndrome (HFS), whereas rs7548189 was associated with diarrhea. The rs2612091 and rs2741171, which are downstream of TYMS and intronic for ENOSF1, were associated with increased global toxicity and HFS. EXPERT OPINION Sex-dependent differences, ethnicity, cancer types and 5-FU-based chemotherapy regimens might affect the heterogeneity of genetic variants for predictive 5-FU-related toxicity. Future approaches using genome-wide association analyses may help in identifying additional candidate genes causally involved in the path mechanisms of 5-FU-related toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Matsusaka
- University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Division of Medical Oncology , Los Angeles, CA , USA
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Hagimori M, Murakami Y, Mizuyama N, Tominaga Y. A Novel One-Pot Method for the Synthesis of Pyrimidine Derivatives Using Ketene N,S-Acetal with Aryl Aldehydes. J Heterocycl Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.2397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masayori Hagimori
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kobe Pharmaceutical University; 4-19-1 Motoyamakita-machi Higashinada-ku Kobe 658-8558 Japan
| | - Yuka Murakami
- Faculty of Environmental Studies; Nagasaki University; 1-14, Bunkyo-machi Nagasaki 852-8521 Japan
| | - Naoko Mizuyama
- Faculty of Environmental Studies; Nagasaki University; 1-14, Bunkyo-machi Nagasaki 852-8521 Japan
| | - Yoshinori Tominaga
- Faculty of Environmental Studies; Nagasaki University; 1-14, Bunkyo-machi Nagasaki 852-8521 Japan
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Meng X, Wang G, Guan R, Jia X, Gao W, Wu J, Yu J, Liu P, Yu Y, Sun W, Dong H, Fu S. Predicting chemosensitivity to gemcitabine and cisplatin based on gene polymorphisms and mRNA expression in non-small-cell lung cancer cells. Pharmacogenomics 2015; 16:23-34. [DOI: 10.2217/pgs.14.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: We used a panel of 17 non-small-cell lung cancer cell lines to investigate whether the presence of polymorphisms in the RRM1, ERCC1, ABCB1 and MTHFR genes and alterations in their mRNA expression can affect the in vitro chemosensitivity to cisplatin and gemcitabine. Materials & methods: Polymorphisms in these genes were evaluated by direct sequencing. mRNA expression levels were assessed by realtime PCR. In vitro chemosensitivity to cisplatin and gemcitabine was expressed as IC50 values, using the MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. Results: There was a significant, positive correlation between RRM1 mRNA expression and IC50 values for gemcitabine (r = 0.6533, p = 0.0045), and there was a significant, negative correlation between ABCB1 mRNA expression and IC50 values for cisplatin (r = -0.5459, p = 0.0287). When examining the association between the polymorphisms and IC50, we found that only the MTHFR 1298A>C polymorphism showed a tendency to be more chemosensitive to gemcitabine (p = 0.0440). Conclusion: These in vitro results suggest that mRNA expression levels of the RRM1 and ABCB1 genes may be useful indicators of chemosensitivity to gemcitabine and cisplatin, respectively. The MTHFR 1298A>C polymorphism was associated with gemcitabine chemosensitivity, which require further functional analysis with co-expressed genes and should be explored in prospective clinical studies to determine its potential clinical application as a predictive biomarker. Original submitted 11 February 2014; Revision submitted 3 November 2014
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangning Meng
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Geng Wang
- Department of Anatomy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Rongwei Guan
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Xueyuan Jia
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Jingcui Yu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Wenjing Sun
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Haiying Dong
- Department of Internal Medicine-Oncology, Zhejiang Province People's Hospital, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Songbin Fu
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics (Harbin Medical University), Heilongjiang Higher Education Institutions, Harbin 150081, China
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Xu J, Wang L, Li J. Biological network module-based model for the analysis of differential expression in shotgun proteomics. J Proteome Res 2014; 13:5743-50. [PMID: 25327611 DOI: 10.1021/pr5007203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Protein differential expression analysis plays an important role in the understanding of molecular mechanisms as well as the pathogenesis of complex diseases. With the rapid development of mass spectrometry, shotgun proteomics using spectral counts has become a prevailing method for the quantitative analysis of complex protein mixtures. Existing methods in differential proteomics expression typically carry out analysis at the single-protein level. However, it is well-known that proteins interact with each other when they function in biological processes. In this study, focusing on biological network modules, we proposed a negative binomial generalized linear model for differential expression analysis of spectral count data in shotgun proteomics. In order to show the efficacy of the model in protein expression analysis at the level of protein modules, we conducted two simulation studies using synthetic data sets generated from theoretical distribution of count data and a real data set with shuffled counts. Then, we applied our method to a colorectal cancer data set and a nonsmall cell lung cancer data set. When compared with single-protein analysis methods, the results showed that module-based statistical model which takes account of the interactions among proteins led to more effective identification of subtle but coordinated changes at the systems level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Xu
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
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25
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Phase II trial of carboplatin and pemetrexed as first-line chemotherapy for non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer, and correlation between the efficacy/toxicity and genetic polymorphisms associated with pemetrexed metabolism: Hokkaido Lung Cancer Clinical Study Group Trial (HOT) 0902. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2014; 74:1149-57. [DOI: 10.1007/s00280-014-2589-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Zhu N, Gong Y, He J, Xia J, Chen X. Influence of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T polymorphism on the risk of lung cancer and the clinical response to platinum-based chemotherapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer: an updated meta-analysis. Yonsei Med J 2013; 54:1384-93. [PMID: 24142642 PMCID: PMC3809863 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2013.54.6.1384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) has been implicated in lung cancer risk and response to platinum-based chemotherapy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the results are controversial. We performed meta-analysis to investigate the effect of MTHFR C677T polymorphism on lung cancer risk and response to platinum-based chemotherapy in advanced NSCLC. MATERIALS AND METHODS The databases of PubMed, Ovid, Wanfang and Chinese Biomedicine were searched for eligible studies. Nineteen studies on MTHFR C677T polymorphism and lung cancer risk and three articles on C677T polymorphism and response to platinum-based chemotherapy in advanced NSCLC, were identified. RESULTS The results indicated that the allelic contrast, homozygous contrast and recessive model of the MTHFR C677T polymorphism were associated significantly with increased lung cancer risk. In the subgroup analysis, the C677T polymorphism was significantly correlated with an increased risk of NSCLC, with the exception of the recessive model. The dominant model and the variant T allele showed a significant association with lung cancer susceptibility of ever smokers. Male TT homozygote carriers had a higher susceptibility, but the allelic contrast and homozygote model had a protective effect in females. No relationship was observed for SCLC in any comparison model. In addition, MTHFR 677TT homozygote carriers had a better response to platinum-based chemotherapy in advanced NSCLC in the recessive model. CONCLUSION The MTHFR C677T polymorphism might be a genetic marker for lung cancer risk or response to platinum- based chemotherapy in advanced NSCLC. However, our results require further verification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhu
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No.12 of Wulumuqi Middle Road, Shanghai 200040, China.
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Soriano V, Vispo E, de Mendoza C, Labarga P, Fernandez-Montero JV, Poveda E, Treviño A, Barreiro P. Hepatitis C therapy with HCV NS5B polymerase inhibitors. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2013; 14:1161-70. [DOI: 10.1517/14656566.2013.795543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Gemcitabine metabolic pathway genetic polymorphisms and response in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Pharmacogenet Genomics 2012; 22:105-16. [PMID: 22173087 DOI: 10.1097/fpc.0b013e32834dd7e2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Gemcitabine is widely used to treat non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The aim of this study was to assess the pharmacogenomic effects of the entire gemcitabine metabolic pathway, we genotyped single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the 17 pathway genes using DNA samples from patients with NSCLC treated with gemcitabine to determine the effect of genetic variants within gemcitabine pathway genes on overall survival (OS) of patients with NSCLC after treatment of gemcitabine. METHODS Eight of the 17 pathway genes were resequenced with DNA samples from Coriell lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) using Sanger sequencing for all exons, exon-intron junctions, and 5'-, 3'-UTRs. A total of 107 tagging SNPs were selected on the basis of the resequencing data for the eight genes and on HapMap data for the remaining nine genes, followed by successful genotyping of 394 NSCLC patient DNA samples. Association of SNPs/haplotypes with OS was performed using the Cox regression model, followed by functional studies performed with LCLs and NSCLC cell lines. RESULTS Five SNPs in four genes (CDA, NT5C2, RRM1, and SLC29A1) showed associations with OS of those patients with NSCLC, as well as nine haplotypes in four genes (RRM1, RRM2, SLC28A3, and SLC29A1) with a P value of less than 0.05. Genotype imputation using the LCLs was performed for a region of 200 kb surrounding those SNPs, followed by association studies with gemcitabine cytotoxicity. Functional studies demonstrated that downregulation of SLC29A1, NT5C2, and RRM1 in NSCLC cell lines altered cell susceptibility to gemcitabine. CONCLUSION These studies help in identifying biomarkers to predict gemcitabine response in NSCLC, a step toward the individualized chemotherapy of lung cancer.
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Hahnvajanawong C, Chaiyagool J, Seubwai W, Bhudhisawasdi V, Namwat N, Khuntikeo N, Sripa B, Pugkhem A, Tassaneeyakul W. Orotate phosphoribosyl transferase mRNA expression and the response of cholangiocarcinoma to 5-fluorouracil. World J Gastroenterol 2012; 18:3955-61. [PMID: 22912546 PMCID: PMC3419992 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v18.i30.3955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2011] [Revised: 05/11/2012] [Accepted: 05/26/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To determine whether expression of certain enzymes related to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) metabolism predicts 5-FU chemosensitivity in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA).
METHODS: The histoculture drug response assay (HDRA) was performed using surgically resected CCA tissues. Tumor cell viability was determined morphologically with hematoxylin and eosin- and terminal deoxynucleotide transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling-stained tissues. The mRNA expression of thymidine phosphorylase (TP), orotate phosphoribosyl transferase (OPRT), thymidylate synthase (TS), and dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) was determined with real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. The levels of gene expression and the sensitivity to 5-FU were evaluated.
RESULTS: Twenty-three CCA tissues were obtained from patients who had been diagnosed with intrahepatic CCA and who underwent surgical resection at Srinagarind Hospital, Khon Kaen University from 2007 to 2009. HDRA was used to determine the response of these CCA tissues to 5-FU. Based on the dose-response curve, 200 μg/mL 5-FU was selected as the test concentration. The percentage of inhibition index at the median point was selected as the cut-off point to differentiate the responding and non-responding tumors to 5-FU. When the relationship between TP, OPRT, TS and DPD mRNA expression levels and the sensitivity of CCA tissues to 5-FU was examined, only OPRT mRNA expression was significantly correlated with the response to 5-FU. The mean expression level of OPRT was significantly higher in the responder group compared to the non-responder group (0.41 ± 0.25 vs 0.22 ± 0.12, P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: OPRT mRNA expression may be a useful predictor of 5-FU chemosensitivity of CCA. Whether OPRT mRNA could be used to predict the success of 5-FU chemotherapy in CCA patients requires confirmation in patients.
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Hutson JR, Weitzman S, Schechter T, Arceci RJ, Kim RB, Finkelstein Y. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacogenetic determinants and considerations in chemotherapy selection and dosing in infants. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2012; 8:709-22. [PMID: 22509821 DOI: 10.1517/17425255.2012.680884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is a lack of high-quality data regarding optimal chemotherapy dosage regimens among infants. Dosing regimens for chemotherapy during the first year of life are commonly based on empiric recommendations extrapolated from older children; however, balancing efficacy and toxicity is critical as severe adverse drug reactions may lead to treatment failure or reduced adherence to needed medications. AREAS COVERED This review describes pharmacokinetic and pharmacogenetic considerations when administering chemotherapeutic agents to infants. Examples of commonly used agents are provided with practical recommendations for dosing adjustments. EXPERT OPINION Optimal chemotherapy for children and infants in particular has lagged behind the remarkable progress in cancer treatment and it is clear that far more basic and clinical research are needed with respect to the mechanistic basis of age-dependent differences in pharmacokinetic parameters. More recent studies which have combined pharmacokinetic data with clinical toxicity and outcome data have resulted in a number of more evidence-based guidelines at least for the initial chemotherapy dosing; however, at present, the dosing of chemotherapy drugs in neonates and infants remains largely empiric.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine R Hutson
- University of Toronto, Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Ave, Toronto ON, M5G 1X8, Canada
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Abraham A, Varatharajan S, Abbas S, Zhang W, Shaji RV, Ahmed R, Abraham A, George B, Srivastava A, Chandy M, Mathews V, Balasubramanian P. Cytidine deaminase genetic variants influence RNA expression and cytarabine cytotoxicity in acute myeloid leukemia. Pharmacogenomics 2012; 13:269-82. [DOI: 10.2217/pgs.11.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Cytidine deaminase (CDA) irreversibly deaminates cytarabine (Ara-C), a key component of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) induction and consolidation therapy. CDA overexpression results in Ara-C resistance, while decreased expression is associated with toxicity. We evaluated factors influencing variation in CDA mRNA expression in adult AML patients and normal controls, and how they contributed to Ara-C cytotoxicity in AML cells. Materials & methods: CDA mRNA expression in 100 de novo AML patients and 36 normal controls were determined using quantitative reverse-transcriptase PCR. Genetic variants in the CDA gene were screened by direct sequencing. IC50 of Ara-C was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Results: CDA RNA expression as well as Ara-C IC50 showed wide variation in AML samples and normal controls. Fourteen sequence variants were identified, three of which (-33delC, intron 2 TCAT repeat and the 3´untranslated region 816delC variants) showed significant association with RNA expression and the nonsynonymous coding variant 79A>C was associated with Ara-C cytotoxicity. Conclusion: CDA genetic variants explain the variation in RNA expression and may be candidates for individualizing Ara-C therapy. Original submitted 8 July 2011; Revision submitted 10 October 2011
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Abraham
- Christian Medical College, Vellore 632004, India
| | | | - Salar Abbas
- Christian Medical College, Vellore 632004, India
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Human Genetics, Cancer Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | | | - Rayaz Ahmed
- Christian Medical College, Vellore 632004, India
| | - Aby Abraham
- Christian Medical College, Vellore 632004, India
| | - Biju George
- Christian Medical College, Vellore 632004, India
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Pilgrim CHC, Brettingham-Moore K, Pham A, Murray W, Link E, Smith M, Usatoff V, Evans PM, Banting S, Thomson BN, Michael M, Phillips WA. mRNA gene expression correlates with histologically diagnosed chemotherapy-induced hepatic injury. HPB (Oxford) 2011; 13:811-6. [PMID: 21999595 PMCID: PMC3238016 DOI: 10.1111/j.1477-2574.2011.00365.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chemotherapy-induced hepatic injuries (CIHI) are an increasing problem facing hepatic surgeons. It may be possible to predict the risk of developing CIHI by analysis of genes involved in the metabolism of chemotherapeutics, previously established as associated with other forms of toxicity. METHODS Quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction methodology (q-RT-PCR) was employed to quantify mRNA expression of nucleotide excision repair genes ERCC1 and ERCC2, relevant in the neutralization of damage induced by oxaliplatin, and genes encoding enzymes relevant to 5-flurouracil metabolism, [thymidylate synthase (TS), thymidine phosphorylase (TP) and dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD)] in 233 hepatic resection samples. mRNA expression was correlated with a histopathological injury scored via previously validated methods in relation to steatosis, steatohepatitis and sinusoidal obstruction syndrome. RESULTS Low-level DPD mRNA expression was associated with steatosis [odds ratio (OR) = 3.95, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.53-10.19, P < 0.003], especially when stratified by just those patients exposed to chemotherapy (OR = 4.48, 95% CI = 1.31-15.30 P < 0.02). Low expression of ERCC2 was associated with sinusoidal injury (P < 0.001). There were no further associations between injury patterns and target genes investigated. CONCLUSIONS Predisposition to the development of CIHI may be predictable based upon individual patient expression of genes encoding enzymes related to the metabolism of chemotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles HC Pilgrim
- Division of Cancer SurgeryMelbourne, Victoria, Australia,Department of SurgeryMelbourne, Victoria, Australia,Department of Hepatopancreaticobiliary Service, Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Alfred HospitalMelbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Alan Pham
- Department of Pathology, The Alfred HospitalMelbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Emma Link
- Division of Cancer SurgeryMelbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Marty Smith
- Department of Hepatopancreaticobiliary Service, Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Alfred HospitalMelbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Val Usatoff
- Department of Hepatopancreaticobiliary Service, Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Alfred HospitalMelbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Peter M Evans
- Department of Hepatopancreaticobiliary Service, Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Alfred HospitalMelbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Simon Banting
- Division of Cancer SurgeryMelbourne, Victoria, Australia,Department of SurgeryMelbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Michael Michael
- Division of Cancer Medicine, Peter MacCallum Cancer CentreMelbourne, Victoria, Australia,Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne (St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne)Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Wayne A Phillips
- Division of Cancer SurgeryMelbourne, Victoria, Australia,Department of SurgeryMelbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Phan VH, Tan C, Rittau A, Xu H, McLachlan AJ, Clarke SJ. An update on ethnic differences in drug metabolism and toxicity from anti-cancer drugs. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2011; 7:1395-410. [PMID: 21950349 DOI: 10.1517/17425255.2011.624513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Based on recent emerging evidence of inter-ethnic differences in drug response and toxicity, ethnic diversity in pharmacokinetics, pharmacogenomics and clinical outcomes are being increasingly investigated. Ultimately, this will promote improved understanding of inter-individual differences in the pharmacokinetics and tolerance of cytotoxic drugs. AREAS COVERED This article reviews potential explanations for the observed ethnic differences in treatment outcomes and provides clinical data to support this concept. A literature search was implemented on PubMed and PharmGKB to investigate the areas of ethnic differences in pharmacogenomics, pharmacogenetics and clinical outcomes of cancer therapies. EXPERT OPINION There has been a relative paucity of clinical evidence linking genetic polymorphisms of genes encoding drug-metabolizing enzymes to the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and tolerance of anti-cancer drugs. Future research should focus on studies using large sample sizes, in the hope that they will provide results of high clinical significance. Due to the potential for ethnic differences to impact on both toxicities and benefits of systemic cancer therapies, the development of new therapeutic agents should include patients from diverse geographical ancestries in each phase of drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viet Hong Phan
- The University of Sydney, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney Cancer Centre, Concord, NSW, Sydney, Australia
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Cao D, Ziemba A, McCabe J, Yan R, Wan L, Kim B, Gach M, Flynn S, Pizzorno G. Differential expression of uridine phosphorylase in tumors contributes to an improved fluoropyrimidine therapeutic activity. Mol Cancer Ther 2011; 10:2330-9. [PMID: 21954436 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-11-0202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abrogation of uridine phosphorylase (UPase) leads to abnormalities in pyrimidine metabolism and host protection against 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) toxicity. We elucidated the effects on the metabolism and antitumor efficacy of 5-FU and capecitabine (N(4)-pentyloxycarbonyl-5'-deoxy-5-fluorocytidine) in our UPase knockout (UPase(-/-)) model. Treatment with 5-FU (85 mg/kg) or capecitabine (1,000 mg/kg) five days a week for four weeks caused severe toxicity and structural damage to the intestines of wild-type (WT) mice, but not in UPase(-/-) animals. Capecitabine treatment resulted in a 70% decrease in blood cell counts of WT animals, with only a marginal effect in UPase(-/-) mice. UPase expressing colon 38 tumors implanted in UPase(-/-) mice revealed an improved therapeutic efficacy when treated with 5-FU and capecitabine because of the higher maximum tolerated dose for fluoropyrimidines achievable in UPase(-/-) mice. (19)F-MRS evaluation of capecitabine metabolism in tumors revealed similar activation of the prodrug in UPase(-/-) mice compared with WT. In WT mice, approximately 60% of capecitabine was transformed over three hours into its active metabolites, whereas 80% was transformed in tumors implanted in UPase(-/-) mice. In UPase(-/-) mice, prolonged retention of 5'dFUR allowed a proportional increase in tumor tissue. The similar presence of fluorinated catabolic species confirms that dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase activity was not altered in UPase(-/-) mice. Overall, these results indicate the importance of UPase in the activation of fluoropyrimidines, the effect of uridine in protecting normal tissues, and the role for tumor-specific modulation of the phosphorolytic activity in 5-FU or capecitabine-based chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deliang Cao
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, Simmons/Cooper Cancer Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, Illinois, USA
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Thymidylate synthase and dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase expression levels are associated with response to S-1 plus carboplatin in advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer 2011; 73:103-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2010.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2010] [Revised: 09/08/2010] [Accepted: 10/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Bai JPF, Pacanowski M, Rahman A, Lesko LL. The Impact of Pharmacogenetics on the Clinical Outcomes of Prodrugs. PRODRUGS AND TARGETED DELIVERY 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/9783527633166.ch16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Sato J, Kimura T, Saito T, Anazawa T, Kenjo A, Sato Y, Tsuchiya T, Gotoh M. Gene expression analysis for predicting gemcitabine resistance in human cholangiocarcinoma. JOURNAL OF HEPATO-BILIARY-PANCREATIC SCIENCES 2011; 18:700-11. [DOI: 10.1007/s00534-011-0376-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Sato
- Department of Organ Regenerative Surgery; Fukushima Medical University; 1 Hikarigaoka Fukushima 960-1295 Japan
| | - Takashi Kimura
- Department of Organ Regenerative Surgery; Fukushima Medical University; 1 Hikarigaoka Fukushima 960-1295 Japan
| | - Takuro Saito
- Department of Organ Regenerative Surgery; Fukushima Medical University; 1 Hikarigaoka Fukushima 960-1295 Japan
| | - Takayuki Anazawa
- Department of Organ Regenerative Surgery; Fukushima Medical University; 1 Hikarigaoka Fukushima 960-1295 Japan
| | - Akira Kenjo
- Department of Organ Regenerative Surgery; Fukushima Medical University; 1 Hikarigaoka Fukushima 960-1295 Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Sato
- Department of Organ Regenerative Surgery; Fukushima Medical University; 1 Hikarigaoka Fukushima 960-1295 Japan
| | - Takao Tsuchiya
- Department of Organ Regenerative Surgery; Fukushima Medical University; 1 Hikarigaoka Fukushima 960-1295 Japan
| | - Mitsukazu Gotoh
- Department of Organ Regenerative Surgery; Fukushima Medical University; 1 Hikarigaoka Fukushima 960-1295 Japan
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Riggins RB, Mazzotta MM, Maniya OZ, Clarke R. Orphan nuclear receptors in breast cancer pathogenesis and therapeutic response. Endocr Relat Cancer 2010; 17:R213-31. [PMID: 20576803 PMCID: PMC3518023 DOI: 10.1677/erc-10-0058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear receptors comprise a large family of highly conserved transcription factors that regulate many key processes in normal and neoplastic tissues. Most nuclear receptors share a common, highly conserved domain structure that includes a carboxy-terminal ligand-binding domain. However, a subgroup of this gene family is known as the orphan nuclear receptors because to date there are no known natural ligands that regulate their activity. Many of the 25 nuclear receptors classified as orphan play critical roles in embryonic development, metabolism, and the regulation of circadian rhythm. Here, we review the emerging role(s) of orphan nuclear receptors in breast cancer, with a particular focus on two of the estrogen-related receptors (ERRalpha and ERRgamma) and several others implicated in clinical outcome and response or resistance to cytotoxic or endocrine therapies, including the chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter transcription factors, nerve growth factor-induced B, DAX-1, liver receptor homolog-1, and retinoic acid-related orphan receptor alpha. We also propose that a clearer understanding of the function of orphan nuclear receptors in mammary gland development and normal mammary tissues could significantly improve our ability to diagnose, treat, and prevent breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca B. Riggins
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Oncology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, 3970 Reservoir Road NW, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Mary M. Mazzotta
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Oncology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, 3970 Reservoir Road NW, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Omar Z. Maniya
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Oncology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, 3970 Reservoir Road NW, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Robert Clarke
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Oncology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, 3970 Reservoir Road NW, Washington, DC 20057, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Georgetown University School of Medicine, 3970 Reservoir Road NW, Washington, DC 20057, USA
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Sugiyama E, Lee SJ, Lee SS, Kim WY, Kim SR, Tohkin M, Hasegawa R, Okuda H, Kawamoto M, Kamatani N, Sawada JI, Kaniwa N, Saito Y, Shin JG. Ethnic differences of two non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms in CDA gene. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2010; 24:553-6. [PMID: 20045991 DOI: 10.2133/dmpk.24.553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cytidine deaminase, encoded by the CDA gene, catalyzes anti-cancer drugs gemcitabine and ara-C into their respective inactive metabolites. In CDA, two functionally significant non-synonymous polymorphisms, 79A>C (Lys27Gln) and 208G>A (Ala70Thr), have been found and their minor allele frequencies (MAFs) were reported in Japanese and Chinese patients and a relatively small numbers of healthy volunteers in Caucasians and Africans. In this study, we determined the MAFs of both polymorphisms in 200 healthy volunteers of Koreans, along with 206 Japanese, 200 Chinese-Americans, 150 Caucasian-Americans and 150 African-Americans to reveal ethnic differences. MAFs of 79A>C (Lys27Gln) were 0.153 in Koreans and 0.327 in Caucasian-Americans, 0.204 in Japanese, 0.155 in Chinese-Americans and 0.087 in African-Americans. MAFs of 208G>A (Ala70Thr) were 0.005 in Koreans and 0.022 in Japanese and the minor allele was not detected in Chinese-Americans, Caucasian-Americans or African-Americans. Thus possibly, MAF of 208G>A in Japanese is likely to be somewhat higher than in Koreans and Chinese-Americans. These data would provide fundamental and useful information for pharmacogenetic studies on cytidine deaminase-catalyzing drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiko Sugiyama
- Project Team for Pharmacogenetics, National Institute of Health Sciences, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
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Abstract
The mainstay of acute myeloid leukemia chemotherapy is the nucleoside analog cytarabine (ara-C). Numerous studies suggest that the intracellular concentrations of the ara-C active metabolite, ara-CTP, vary widely among patients and, in turn, are associated with variability in clinical response to acute myeloid leukemia treatment. Thus, genetic variation in key genes in the ara-C metabolic pathway--specifically, deoxycytidine kinase (a rate-limiting activating enzyme), 5 nucleotidase, cytidine deaminase and deoxycytidylate deaminase (all three are inactivating enzymes), human equilibrative nucleoside transporter (ara-C uptake transporter) and ribonucleotide reductase (RRM1 and RRM2--enzymes regulating intracellular deoxycytidine triphosphate pools)--form the molecular basis of the interpatient variability observed in intracellular ara-CTP concentrations and response to ara-C. Understanding genetic variants in the key candidate genes involved in the metabolic activation of ara-C, as well as the pharmacodynamic targets of ara-C, will provide an opportunity to identify patients at an increased risk of adverse reactions or decreased likelihood of response, based upon their genetic profile, which in future could help in dose optimization to reduce drug toxicity without compromising efficacy. The pharmacogenetic studies on ara-C would also be equally applicable to other nucleoside analogs, such as gemcitabine, decitabine, clofarabine and so on, which are metabolized by the same pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jatinder K Lamba
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
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Clinical significance of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase and thymidylate synthase expression in patients with pancreatic cancer. Int J Clin Oncol 2010; 15:39-45. [DOI: 10.1007/s10147-009-0008-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2008] [Accepted: 06/29/2009] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The past year has seen the first whole genome association study for determinants of host control of HIV, as well as a number of hypothesis-driven candidate gene studies defining determinants of pharmacokinetics and toxicity of antiretroviral drugs. This review summarizes some of these findings, but it must be noted that the field is moving with unprecedented speed. RECENT FINDINGS A number of novel polymorphisms have been reported in the CYP2B6 locus that influence pharmacokinetics of non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. Among these are some novel nonsynonomous single nucleotide polymorphisms such as 983T > C (CYP2B6 18) and 499C > G (CYP2B6 26), as well as a partial deletion (CYP2B6 29). In addition, the concept of dose reduction according to CYP2B6 genotype has now been tested with some promising but preliminary results. Some other important advances in our knowledge have also been made, such as the association of TA repeats in the UGT1A1 regulatory region (UGT1A1 28) with atazanavir-related hyperbilirubinaemia and the association of ABCC2 and ABCC4 single nucleotide polymorphisms with tenofovir-associated renal toxicity. SUMMARY Treatment response to antiretrovirals is governed by genetic and environmental factors as well as adherence to therapy. Variability exists within pharmacological, immune and viral genes, and future studies must co-ordinate these issues.
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Cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase III (NT5C3): gene sequence variation and functional genomics. Pharmacogenet Genomics 2009; 19:567-76. [PMID: 19623099 DOI: 10.1097/fpc.0b013e32832c14b8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 5'-Nucleotidases play a critical role in nucleotide pool balance and in the metabolism of nucleoside analogs such as gemcitabine and cytosine arabinoside (AraC). We previously performed an expression array association study with gemcitabine and AraC cytotoxicity using 197 human lymphoblastoid cell lines. One gene that was significantly associated with gemcitabine cytotoxicity was a nucleotidase family member, NT5C3. Very little is known with regard to the pharmacogenomics of this family of enzymes. METHODS We set out to identify common genetic variation in NT5C3 by resequencing the gene and to determine the effect of that variation on NT5C3 protein function and potential effect on response to cytidine analogs. We identified 61 NT5C3 polymorphisms, 48 of which were novel, by resequencing 240 ethnically defined DNA samples. Functional studies were performed with one nonsynonymous (G847C, Asp283His) and four synonymous cSNPs (T9C, C276T, T306C, and G759A),as well as three combined variants (T276/His283, T276/C306, T276/C9). RESULTS The His283 and T276/His283 constructs showed decreased levels of enzyme activity and protein. Substrate kinetic analysis showed no significant differences in Km values between wild type and His283 when cytidine monophosphate, AraCMP, and GemMP were used as substrates. An association study between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and NT5C3 expression in the 240 cell lines from which DNA was extracted to resequence NT5C3 identified four SNPs that were significantly associated with NT5C3 expression. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays showed that two of those SNPs, I4(-114) and I6(9), altered DNA-protein binding patterns. These findings suggest that genetic variation in NT5C3 might affect protein function and potentially influence drug response.
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Glaysher S, Yiannakis D, Gabriel FG, Johnson P, Polak ME, Knight LA, Goldthorpe Z, Peregrin K, Gyi M, Modi P, Rahamim J, Smith ME, Amer K, Addis B, Poole M, Narayanan A, Gulliford TJ, Andreotti PE, Cree IA. Resistance gene expression determines the in vitro chemosensitivity of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). BMC Cancer 2009; 9:300. [PMID: 19712441 PMCID: PMC2739227 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-9-300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2009] [Accepted: 08/27/2009] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background NSCLC exhibits considerable heterogeneity in its sensitivity to chemotherapy and similar heterogeneity is noted in vitro in a variety of model systems. This study has tested the hypothesis that the molecular basis of the observed in vitro chemosensitivity of NSCLC lies within the known resistance mechanisms inherent to these patients' tumors. Methods The chemosensitivity of a series of 49 NSCLC tumors was assessed using the ATP-based tumor chemosensitivity assay (ATP-TCA) and compared with quantitative expression of resistance genes measured by RT-PCR in a Taqman Array™ following extraction of RNA from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue. Results There was considerable heterogeneity between tumors within the ATP-TCA, and while this showed no direct correlation with individual gene expression, there was strong correlation of multi-gene signatures for many of the single agents and combinations tested. For instance, docetaxel activity showed some dependence on the expression of drug pumps, while cisplatin activity showed some dependence on DNA repair enzyme expression. Activity of both drugs was influenced more strongly still by the expression of anti- and pro-apoptotic genes by the tumor for both docetaxel and cisplatin. The doublet combinations of cisplatin with gemcitabine and cisplatin with docetaxel showed gene expression signatures incorporating resistance mechanisms for both agents. Conclusion Genes predicted to be involved in known mechanisms drug sensitivity and resistance correlate well with in vitro chemosensitivity and may allow the definition of predictive signatures to guide individualized chemotherapy in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Glaysher
- Translational Oncology Research Centre, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth PO6 3LY, UK.
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Lagisetty P, Vilekar P, Awasthi V. Synthesis of radiolabeled cytarabine conjugates. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 19:4764-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.06.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2009] [Revised: 06/08/2009] [Accepted: 06/15/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Kim YI. Role of the MTHFR polymorphisms in cancer risk modification and treatment. Future Oncol 2009; 5:523-42. [PMID: 19450180 DOI: 10.2217/fon.09.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of folate, a water-soluble B vitamin, and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the folate metabolic pathway in human health and disease has been rapidly expanding. Recently, functionally significant SNPs in 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), a critical enzyme for intracellular folate homeostasis and metabolism, have been identified and characterized. The MTHFR SNPs are ideal candidates for investigating the role of SNPs in cancer risk modification and treatment because of their well-defined and highly relevant biochemical effects on intracellular folate composition and one-carbon transfer reactions. Indeed, a large body of molecular epidemiologic evidence suggests that the MTHFR 677 variant T allele is associated with cancer risk in a site-specific manner. Furthermore, biologically plausible mechanisms based on the functional consequences of changes in intracellular folate cofactors resulting from the MTHFR 677T variant exist to readily explain cancer risk modification associated with this variant. In addition, a growing body of in vitro and clinical evidence suggests that the MTHFR SNPs may be an important pharmacogenetic determinant of response to and toxicity of 5-fluorouracil (5FU) and methotrexate (MTX)-based cancer and anti-inflammatory chemotherapy. Furthermore, studies suggest that MTHFR inhibition may be a potential target for increasing chemosensitvity of cancer cells to 5FU-based chemotherapy. Because the MTHFR SNPs are prevalent and MTX and 5FU are widely used for the treatment of common cancers and inflammatory conditions, the pharmacogenetic role of the MTHFR SNPs has significant clinical implications. MTHFR SNPs may play an important role in providing rational, effective and safe tailored treatment to patients with cancer and inflammatory disorders requiring 5FU and MTX-based therapy. As such, largescale human studies and in vitro mechanistic studies are warranted to clarify the pharmacogenetic role of the MTHFR SNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-In Kim
- Department of Medicine, Room 7258, Medical Sciences Building, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada.
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Kim S, Park DH, Kim TH, Hwang M, Shim J. Functional analysis of pyrimidine biosynthesis enzymes using the anticancer drug 5-fluorouracil in Caenorhabditis elegans. FEBS J 2009; 276:4715-26. [PMID: 19645718 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2009.07168.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Pyrimidine biosynthesis enzymes function in many cellular processes and are closely associated with pyrimidine antagonists used in cancer chemotherapy. These enzymes are well characterized from bacteria to mammals, but not in a simple metazoan. To study the pyrimidine biosynthesis pathway in Caenorhabditis elegans, we screened for mutants exhibiting resistance to the anticancer drug 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). In several strains, mutations were identified in ZK783.2, the worm homolog of human uridine phosphorylase (UP). UP is a member of the pyrimidine biosynthesis family of enzymes and is a key regulator of uridine homeostasis. C. elegans UP homologous protein (UPP-1) exhibited both uridine and thymidine phosphorylase activity in vitro. Knockdown of other pyrimidine biosynthesis enzyme homologs, such as uridine monophosphate kinase and uridine monophosphate synthetase, also resulted in 5-FU resistance. Uridine monophosphate kinase and uridine monophosphate synthetase proteins are redundant, and show different, tissue-specific expression patterns in C. elegans. Whereas pyrimidine biosynthesis pathways are highly conserved between worms and humans, no human thymidine phosphorylase homolog has been identified in C. elegans. UPP-1 functions as a key regulator of the pyrimidine salvage pathway in C. elegans, as mutation of upp-1 results in strong 5-FU resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seongseop Kim
- Cancer Experimental Resources Branch, National Cancer Center, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
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One-carbon metabolism and breast cancer: an epidemiological perspective. J Genet Genomics 2009; 36:203-14. [PMID: 19376481 DOI: 10.1016/s1673-8527(08)60108-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2008] [Revised: 12/12/2008] [Accepted: 01/08/2009] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
One-carbon metabolism is a network of biological reactions that plays critical role in DNA methylation and DNA synthesis, and in turn, facilitates the cross-talk between genetic and epigenetic processes. Genetic polymorphisms and supplies of cofactors (e.g. folate, vitamins B) involved in this pathway have been shown to influence cancer risk and even survival. In this review, we summarized the epidemiological evidence for one-carbon metabolism, from both genetics and lifestyle aspects, in relation to breast cancer risk. We also discussed this pathway in relation to breast cancer survival and the modulation of one-carbon polymorphism in chemotherapy. Emerging evidence on modulation of DNA methylation by one-carbon metabolism suggests that disruption of epigenome might have been the underlying mechanism. More results are expected and will be translated to guidance to the general population for disease prevention as well as to clinicians for treatment and management of the disease.
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Phan VH, Moore MM, McLachlan AJ, Piquette-Miller M, Xu H, Clarke SJ. Ethnic differences in drug metabolism and toxicity from chemotherapy. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2009; 5:243-57. [PMID: 19331590 DOI: 10.1517/17425250902800153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Danesi R, Altavilla G, Giovannetti E, Rosell R. Pharmacogenomics of gemcitabine in non-small-cell lung cancer and other solid tumors. Pharmacogenomics 2009; 10:69-80. [PMID: 19102717 DOI: 10.2217/14622416.10.1.69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The validation of predictive biomarkers to tailor chemotherapy is a key issue in the development of effective treatment modalities against cancer. Examples of how genetics might affect drug response are offered by gemcitabine. A substantial number of potential biomarkers for sensitivity or resistance to gemcitabine have been proposed, including ribonucleotide reductase and cytidine deaminase polymorphisms, human equilibrative transporter-1 and ribonucleotide reductase gene-expression and AKT phosphorylation status. These markers displayed a significant relationship with disease response to the drug; however, their robustness needs to be evaluated within prospective studies. Moreover, recent trials of customized chemotherapy based on genetic markers have been carried out in non-small-cell lung cancer and promising pharmacogenetic determinants are gaining momentum, including BRCA1 and ERCC1. Hopefully, biomarkers to select patients most likely to respond to gemcitabine will be validated in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romano Danesi
- Division of Pharmacology & Chemotherapy, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
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