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Hajimohammadi B, Eslami G, Zandi H, Ehrampoush MH, Naimi A, Derakhshan M, Hedayat P, Fallahi R, Fallahzadeh H, Rezvani ME, Vakili M, Moshtaghioun SM, Athari SS, Asadi-Yousefabad SL, Hosseini SS, Shirdeli M, Ahmadian S, Mortazavi S, Loni E, Ajamein V, Ahmadi A, Askari V. Safety assessment of genetically modified rice expressing Cry1Ab protein in Sprague-Dawley rats. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1126. [PMID: 33441963 PMCID: PMC7807014 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-80958-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Rice is considered one of the most important staple food crops. Genetically modified (GM) Bt rice, harbored cry1Ab gene expressing the insect-resistance protein has been developed to resistance to the insects. In this study, we assessed the safety of the GM Bt rice on Sprague–Dawley rats for 90 days. Totally, 120 rats in both sexes were used for three different diets, including 50% GM Bt rice, feeding with 50% rice, and standard feeding. Each 40 SD rats including 20 males and 20 females were considered as each diet. The clinical variables such as body weight and food consumption were measured and a range of clinical tests was examined, including hematology, serum chemistry parameters, urinalysis profile, thyroid, and sex hormone levels. Pathological assessments were also done. The results showed that the mean weekly feed utilization (%) had no significant difference among the studied groups. Also, blood biochemistry, hematological parameters, urine analysis, and hormonal levels had no significant differences among the groups. However, alanine aminotransferase was less in males versus female feeding with GM Bt rice. No histopathological changes were observed among the groups. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that GM Bt rice had no obvious adverse effects on rats' health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahador Hajimohammadi
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Shohadaye Gomnam Blvd., Yazd, 8916188638, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Gilda Eslami
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Shohadaye Gomnam Blvd., Yazd, 8916188638, Islamic Republic of Iran.
| | - Hengameh Zandi
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Shohadaye Gomnam Blvd., Yazd, 8916188638, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Mohammad Hassan Ehrampoush
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Shohadaye Gomnam Blvd., Yazd, 8916188638, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Azar Naimi
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Maryam Derakhshan
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Pegah Hedayat
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Roozbeh Fallahi
- Animal Viral Diseases Research Department, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), 3197619751, Karaj, Iran
| | - Hossein Fallahzadeh
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Daneshjoo Boulevard, Health School, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Shohadaye Gomnam Blv., Yazd, 8916188638, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Mohammad Ebrahim Rezvani
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Shohadaye Gomnam Blvd., Yazd, 8916188638, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Mahmoud Vakili
- Department of Community and Preventive Medicine, Health Monitoring Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Shohadaye Gomnam Blv., Yazd, 8916188638, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | | | - Seyyed Shamsadin Athari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Leili Asadi-Yousefabad
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Shohadaye Gomnam Blvd., Yazd, 8916188638, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Saeedeh Sadat Hosseini
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Shohadaye Gomnam Blvd., Yazd, 8916188638, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Mehrnoush Shirdeli
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Food Security Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Salman Ahmadian
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Shohadaye Gomnam Blvd., Yazd, 8916188638, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Shirin Mortazavi
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Shohadaye Gomnam Blvd., Yazd, 8916188638, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Elahe Loni
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Shohadaye Gomnam Blvd., Yazd, 8916188638, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Vahid Ajamein
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Shohadaye Gomnam Blvd., Yazd, 8916188638, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Amin Ahmadi
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ardakan University, Ardakan, Iran
| | - Vahideh Askari
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Shohadaye Gomnam Blvd., Yazd, 8916188638, Islamic Republic of Iran
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Al-Harbi A, Lary S, Edwards MG, Qusti S, Cockburn A, Poulsen M, Gatehouse AMR. A proteomic-based approach to study underlying molecular responses of the small intestine of Wistar rats to genetically modified corn (MON810). Transgenic Res 2019; 28:479-498. [PMID: 31172414 PMCID: PMC6848250 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-019-00157-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A genetically modified (GM) commercial corn variety, MON810, resistant to European corn borer, has been shown to be non-toxic to mammals in a number of rodent feeding studies carried out in accordance with OECD Guidelines. Insect resistance results from expression of the Cry1Ab gene encoding an insecticidal Bt protein that causes lysis and cell death in susceptible insect larvae by binding to midgut epithelial cells, which is a key determinant of Cry toxin species specificity. Whilst whole animal studies are still recognised as the 'gold standard' for safety assessment, they only provide indirect evidence for changes at the cellular/organ/tissue level. In contrast, omics-based technologies enable mechanistic understanding of toxicological or nutritional events at the cellular/receptor level. To address this important knowledge-gap and to gain insights into the underlying molecular responses in rat to MON810, differential gene expression in the epithelial cells of the small intestine of rats fed formulated diets containing MON810, its near isogenic line, two conventional corn varieties, and a commercial (Purina™) corn-based control diet were investigated using comparative proteomic profiling. Pairwise and five-way comparisons showed that the majority of proteins that were differentially expressed in the small intestine epithelial cells in response to consumption of the different diets in both 7-day and 28-day studies were related to lipid and carbohydrate metabolism and protein biosynthesis. Irrespective of the diet, a limited number of stress-related proteins were shown to be differentially expressed. However these stress-related proteins differed between diets. No adverse clinical or behavioural effects, or biomarkers of adverse health, were observed in rats fed GM corn compared to the other corn diets. These findings suggest that MON810 has negligible effects on the small intestine of rats at the cellular level compared with the well-documented toxicity observed in susceptible insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa Al-Harbi
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box: 42805, Jeddah, 21551, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sahira Lary
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box: 42805, Jeddah, 21551, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Martin G Edwards
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Safaa Qusti
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box: 42805, Jeddah, 21551, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Andrew Cockburn
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Morten Poulsen
- The National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Angharad M R Gatehouse
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK.
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Tang Q, Yang Z, Han R, Zhang Y, Shen C, Wang J. No Effect of Bt-transgenic Rice on the Tritrophic Interaction of the Stored Rice, the Maize Weevil Sitophilus Zeamais and the Parasitoid Wasp Theocolax elegans. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4306. [PMID: 30867515 PMCID: PMC6416355 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40836-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
During Bt transgenic rice storage, Bt Cry1Ab/Cry1Ac fused protein is exposed to the maize weevil Sitophilus zeamais and the parasitoid wasp Theocolax elegans. We have carried out a long-term risk assessment for Bt rice to these non-target organisms in the storehouse. Effects of Bt rice on S. zeamais and T. elegans have been carefully detected in a laboratory experiment of over 5 years. The survival, development, fecundity, and longevity of the maize weevil were compared between Bt rice and non-Bt rice treatments for every 5 generations from generation 1 to 25. Moreover, the development, adult body size and sex ratio of T. elegans were compared between them parasitizing S. zeamais feeding on Bt rice or non-Bt rice. We found that although Bt Cry1Ab/Cry1Ac fused protein exists in the Bt rice grains and S. zeamais digestive tracts, Bt rice is not harmful to the maize weevil S. zeamais and its parasitoid T. elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingfeng Tang
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
| | - Zhipeng Yang
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
| | - Rongrong Han
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
| | - Chen Shen
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Entomology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA.
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Liu Q, Yang W, Li M, Wang Y, Zhang H, Wu Y, Gao H, Han Y, Bu X, Zeng S. Effects of Transgenic Bt Rice Containing the Cry1Ab Protein on the Gastrointestinal Health of Highly Inbred Wuzhishan Pigs after Two Generations of Feeding. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:10575-10587. [PMID: 30205678 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b02431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
To assess the safety of transgenic Bt rice, we evaluated the chronic effects of Bt rice carrying the Cry1Ab protein (1.64 mg/kg) on the gut microbiota and histopathology in highly inbred Wuzhishan pigs (WZSP) in a two-generation feeding study. The WZSP of the f0 ( n = 26) and f1 ( n = 27) generations were divided into GM and Non-GM groups and fed for 360 and 420 days with Bt and isogenic parent-line rice, respectively. The high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing results revealed that the relative abundance of the family Enterobacteriaceae and genus Escherichia were significantly different between f1F and f1Z. The level of the genera CF231 and SMB53 in the f0Z group was higher than that in the f0F group. In addition, no abnormal histopathology changes in the main gastrointestinal tissues were found after feeding with Bt rice. In conclusion, Bt rice consumption has no adverse effects on the gut microbiota or organ function of WZSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Liu
- Laboratory of Animal Embryonic Biotechnology, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology , China Agricultural University , Beijing , China
| | - Weigang Yang
- Laboratory of Animal Embryonic Biotechnology, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology , China Agricultural University , Beijing , China
| | - Mingjie Li
- Laboratory of Animal Embryonic Biotechnology, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology , China Agricultural University , Beijing , China
| | - Yingzheng Wang
- Laboratory of Animal Embryonic Biotechnology, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology , China Agricultural University , Beijing , China
| | - Hanxue Zhang
- Laboratory of Animal Embryonic Biotechnology, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology , China Agricultural University , Beijing , China
| | - Yi Wu
- Laboratory of Animal Embryonic Biotechnology, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology , China Agricultural University , Beijing , China
| | - Hui Gao
- Laboratory of Animal Embryonic Biotechnology, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology , China Agricultural University , Beijing , China
| | - Ying Han
- Laboratory of Animal Embryonic Biotechnology, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology , China Agricultural University , Beijing , China
| | - Xiangxia Bu
- Beijing Computing Center , Beijing Academy of Science and Technology , Beijing , China
| | - Shenming Zeng
- Laboratory of Animal Embryonic Biotechnology, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology , China Agricultural University , Beijing , China
- College of Animal Science and Technology , Yangzhou University , Yangzhou , China
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5
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Salisu IB, Shahid AA, Ali Q, Rao AQ, Husnain T. Nutritional Assessment of Dietary Bt and Cp4EPSPS Proteins on the Serum Biochemical Changes of Rabbits at Different Developmental Stages. Front Nutr 2018; 5:49. [PMID: 29922652 PMCID: PMC5996157 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2018.00049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the influence of genetically modified (GM) cotton expressing different types of Bt and EPSPS genes has been attested in term of reduced application of pesticides and insecticides coupled with improved cotton production. Although the cultivation of GM cotton has been authorized by the regulatory authorities of various countries in the world, based on the biosafety studies reported by most of the GM cotton producers, yet the information on its safe use are inadequate. In order to support the issues on food safety, it is therefore mandatory to conduct further safety assessment studies on GM cotton for each independent transgenic event on the basis of case assessment rule. In the present study, the effects of different doses of dietary GM cotton seed expressing Bt and EPSPS genes were studied on the level of serum biochemical in albino rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). The rabbits were fed a diet containing different levels of GM cotton seeds (i.e., 20, 30, and 40% w/w) respectively mixed with standard diet for 180 days. During the course of the study, various serum enzymes, electrolytes, proteins, glucose and serum total cholesterol were examined at specific time intervals (0, 45, 90, 135, and 180) days. The results showed non-significant (P > 0.05) dose dependent effects in most of the evaluated serum biochemical parameters. Although, the results in some of the serum biochemistry were significantly different (P < 0.05) among the groups, however, they were not biologically significant, since all the differences were within the normal physiological range. These results thus, suggested that the GM cotton seed meal could be considered as safe as other conventional feed ingredients. The experimental evidence for the safe usage of GM cotton was highlighted in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim B Salisu
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Federal University Dutse, Dutse, Nigeria.,Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ahmad A Shahid
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Qasim Ali
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Q Rao
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Tayyab Husnain
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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Xie Z, Zou S, Xu W, Liu X, Huang K, He X. No subchronic toxicity of multiple herbicide-resistant soybean FG72 in Sprague-Dawley rats by 90-days feeding study. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2018; 94:299-305. [PMID: 29462651 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2018.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The genetically modified (GM) soybean FG72 contains two exogenous genes: p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (hppd) and double mutant 5-enol pyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (2mepsps), endowing the FG72 with the glyphosate and isoxaflutole herbicides resistant abilities for presence of the 2mEPSPS and HPPD W336 proteins. A food safety assessment of GM soybean FG72 was evaluated by a 90-days feeding study using three different dietary concentrations (7.5%, 15%, or 30% w/w) of the GM soybean or its corresponding non-GM cultivar Jack fed to Sprague-Dawley rats. In our study, no biologically significant differences on animal daily clinical signs, body weights, clinical observations, hematology, clinical chemistry, histopathology on selected organs were observed within the GM soybean groups and among the GM soybean groups, the non-GM soybean groups and the control group. The results of the 90-days subchronic feeding study demonstrated that the GM soybean FG72 is as safe as the conventional non-GM soybean Jack.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixin Xie
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shiying Zou
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety), Ministry of Agriculture, PR China
| | - Wentao Xu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety), Ministry of Agriculture, PR China
| | - Xu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety), Ministry of Agriculture, PR China
| | - Kunlun Huang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety), Ministry of Agriculture, PR China
| | - Xiaoyun He
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety), Ministry of Agriculture, PR China.
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7
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Li P, Yang C, Yue R, Zhen Y, Zhuo Q, Piao J, Yang X, Xiao R. Modulation of the Fecal Microbiota in Sprague-Dawley Rats Using Genetically Modified and Isogenic Corn Lines. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:551-561. [PMID: 29264925 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b05285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the composition and proportions of fecal microbiota in Sprague-Dawley rats after consuming two genetically modified (GM) corn lines in comparison with the isogenic corn and the AIN93G standard feed for 10 weeks using bar-coded 16S rRNA gene sequencing. As a result, GM corn did not significantly alter the overall health and alpha-diversity of fecal microbiota. Fecal microbiota structures could be separated into noncorn and corn but not non-GM and GM corn subgroups. Both non-GM and GM corn caused the increase in bacterial populations related to carbohydrates utilization, such as Lactobacillus, Barnesiella, and Bifidobacterium, and the reduction in potentially pathogenic populations, such as Tannerella and Moraxellaceae. In conclusion, similar effects on the fecal microbiota were observed after consuming a GM- and non-GM-corn-based diet for long periods. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the functional relevance of the changes in the proportions of bacterial populations in these diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penggao Li
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University , Beijing 100069, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology , Beijing 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun Yang
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University , Beijing 100069, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology , Beijing 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Yue
- Yuncheng Central Hospital, Yuncheng , Shanxi 044000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaping Zhen
- Youanmen Clinical Detection Center, Capital Medical University , Beijing 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Zhuo
- Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition NHFPC, Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhua Piao
- Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition NHFPC, Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoguang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition NHFPC, Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Xiao
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University , Beijing 100069, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology , Beijing 100069, People's Republic of China
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High-throughput Sequencing-based Analysis of the Intestinal Microbiota of Broiler Chickens Fed Genetically Modified Rice Expressing Cry1Ac/Cry1Ab Chimeric Bacillus thuringiensis Protein. J Poult Sci 2018; 55:10-16. [PMID: 32055151 PMCID: PMC6756379 DOI: 10.2141/jpsa.0170029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Many types of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt)-crops are being grown worldwide, triggering concerns about their potential impact on humans and livestock. To ensure better yield and food safety in China, an attempt has been made to develop Bt-rice targeting a broad range of insects. We aimed to investigate whether feeding genetically modified rice expressing the Bt chimeric Cry1Ac/Cry1Ab protein has any effects on the intestinal microbiota of broilers. Broilers were fed either Bt-rice or its unmodified isogenic parent line for 42 days, and total DNA was isolated from cecum contents for high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. In total, 1,241,005 reads, assigned to 12 phyla, 31 families, and 48 genera were generated. No significant differences were observed in the relative abundance of organisms identified among the major phyla, families, and genera, except for two less abundant families, Thermoanaerobacteraceae and Peptostreptococcaceae, and two less abundant genera, Anaerotruncus and Gelria. The results were in agreement with those from culture-based analysis and Biolog EcoPlates. These results illustrate that feeding Bt-rice has no adverse effects on the broiler intestinal microbiota and provide sufficient support for the food safety of Bt-rice.
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9
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Liu H, He X, Xu W, Huang K, Zhang J. Safety evaluation of subchronic feeding ofnisItransformedLactobacillus plantarumin Sprague-Dawley rats. J Food Saf 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/jfs.12427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Liu
- School of Public Health; North China University of Science and Technology; Tangshan Hebei China
| | - Xiaoyun He
- Laboratory of Food Safety and Molecular Biology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering; China Agricultural University; Beijing China
- Ministry of Agriculture; The Supervision, Inspection & Testing Center of Genetically Modified Organisms; Beijing China
| | - Wentao Xu
- Laboratory of Food Safety and Molecular Biology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering; China Agricultural University; Beijing China
- Ministry of Agriculture; The Supervision, Inspection & Testing Center of Genetically Modified Organisms; Beijing China
| | - Kunlun Huang
- Laboratory of Food Safety and Molecular Biology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering; China Agricultural University; Beijing China
- Ministry of Agriculture; The Supervision, Inspection & Testing Center of Genetically Modified Organisms; Beijing China
| | - Jianwei Zhang
- Physical Education Department; Tangshan Normal University; Tangshan Hebei China
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10
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Lang T, Zou S, Huang K, Guo M, Liu X, He X. Safety assessment of transgenic canola RF3 with bar and barstar gene on Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats by 90-day feeding test. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2017; 91:226-234. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2017.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2017] [Revised: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Liu Q, Yang W, Li M, Wu Y, Wang Y, Wu S, Gao H, Han Y, Yang F, Feng S, Zeng S. Effects of 60-Week Feeding Diet Containing Bt Rice Expressing the Cry1Ab Protein on the Offspring of Inbred Wuzhishan Pigs Fed the Same Diet. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:10300-10309. [PMID: 29113431 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b04067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated the chronic effects of Bt rice carrying the Cry1Ab protein (1.64 mg/kg) on offspring of highly inbred WZSP, fed with Bt rice for 360 days, in a 60-week feeding study. The WZSP offspring (n = 27) were assigned to two groups (Minghui86 group, female n = 6, male n = 5; Bt group, female n = 11, male n = 5). The average obtained Cry1Ab protein dosage for female and male pigs was 1.003 and 1.234 mg/kg body weight after 10 weeks of feeding, respectively. The experimental feed in the study was nutritionally matched in both groups. The average daily gain and feed conversion ratio of the females in week 3 and males from weeks 1 to 10 were different between the Bt and Minghui86 groups (P < 0.05), and the body weight of the male pigs in week 2 was greater in the Minghui86 group than that of the Bt group (P < 0.05). No other differences were observed, and there were no significant differences in the serum sex steroid level, hematology parameters, relative organ weights, or histopathology. Although differences in some serum chemistry parameters (alanine aminotransferase of female pigs and alkaline phosphatase of male pigs) were observed, they were not considered treatment-related. On the basis of these results, long-term intake of transgenic rice carrying Cry1Ab protein exerts no unintended adverse effects on WZSP offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Liu
- Laboratory of Animal Embryonic Biotechnology, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding,l Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University , Beijing 100094, China
| | - Weigang Yang
- Laboratory of Animal Embryonic Biotechnology, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding,l Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University , Beijing 100094, China
| | - Mingjie Li
- Laboratory of Animal Embryonic Biotechnology, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding,l Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University , Beijing 100094, China
| | - Yi Wu
- Laboratory of Animal Embryonic Biotechnology, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding,l Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University , Beijing 100094, China
| | - Yingzheng Wang
- Laboratory of Animal Embryonic Biotechnology, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding,l Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University , Beijing 100094, China
| | - Shuaishuai Wu
- Laboratory of Animal Embryonic Biotechnology, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding,l Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University , Beijing 100094, China
| | - Hui Gao
- Laboratory of Animal Embryonic Biotechnology, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding,l Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University , Beijing 100094, China
| | - Ying Han
- Laboratory of Animal Embryonic Biotechnology, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding,l Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University , Beijing 100094, China
| | - Feng Yang
- Laboratory of Animal Embryonic Biotechnology, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding,l Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University , Beijing 100094, China
| | - Shutang Feng
- Institute of Animal Sciences, China Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100293, China
| | - Shenming Zeng
- Laboratory of Animal Embryonic Biotechnology, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding,l Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University , Beijing 100094, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009, China
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12
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Tsatsakis AM, Nawaz MA, Tutelyan VA, Golokhvast KS, Kalantzi OI, Chung DH, Kang SJ, Coleman MD, Tyshko N, Yang SH, Chung G. Impact on environment, ecosystem, diversity and health from culturing and using GMOs as feed and food. Food Chem Toxicol 2017. [PMID: 28645870 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Modern agriculture provides the potential for sustainable feeding of the world's increasing population. Up to the present moment, genetically modified (GM) products have enabled increased yields and reduced pesticide usage. Nevertheless, GM products are controversial amongst policy makers, scientists and the consumers, regarding their possible environmental, ecological, and health risks. Scientific-and-political debates can even influence legislation and prospective risk assessment procedure. Currently, the scientifically-assessed direct hazardous impacts of GM food and feed on fauna and flora are conflicting; indeed, a review of literature available data provides some evidence of GM environmental and health risks. Although the consequences of gene flow and risks to biodiversity are debatable. Risks to the environment and ecosystems can exist, such as the evolution of weed herbicide resistance during GM cultivation. A matter of high importance is to provide precise knowledge and adequate current information to regulatory agencies, governments, policy makers, researchers, and commercial GMO-releasing companies to enable them to thoroughly investigate the possible risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aristidis M Tsatsakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Muhammad Amjad Nawaz
- Department of Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, Chonnam, 59626, Republic of Korea
| | - Victor A Tutelyan
- Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Kirill S Golokhvast
- Educational Scientific Center of Nanotechnology, Engineering School, Far Eastern Federal Univeristy, 37 Pushkinskaya Street, 690950, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| | | | - Duck Hwa Chung
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Food Science and Technology, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Jo Kang
- Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Geyongnam 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Michael D Coleman
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Nadia Tyshko
- Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Seung Hwan Yang
- Department of Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, Chonnam, 59626, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyuhwa Chung
- Department of Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, Chonnam, 59626, Republic of Korea.
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13
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Qi X, Xu W, Guo M, Chen S, Liu Y, He X, Huang K. Rice- or pork-based diets with similar calorie and content result in different rat gut microbiota. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2017; 68:829-839. [PMID: 28320221 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2017.1301889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Rice is the most important food crop, and pork is the most widely eaten meat in the world. In this study, we compared the gut microbiota of the rats fed with rice or pork mixed diets, which have similar caloric contents. The physiological indices (body weights, hematology, serum chemistry, organ weights and histopathology) of two groups were all within the normal range. Two diets did not induce difference in the diversity of gut bacteria. However, Firmicutes were significantly higher in rice diet group, while Bacteroidetes were enriched in pork diet group. Butyrate and the bacteria enzymes β-glucuronidase, β-glucosidase and nitroreductase in the feces were all drastically higher in pork diet group. This study indicates that different diets with similar calorie and nutritional composition could change the community structure but not the diversity of rat fecal microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhe Qi
- a Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering , China Agricultural University , Beijing , China
| | - Wentao Xu
- a Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering , China Agricultural University , Beijing , China.,b Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering , China Agricultural University , Beijing , China
| | - Mingzhang Guo
- b Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering , China Agricultural University , Beijing , China
| | - Siyuan Chen
- b Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering , China Agricultural University , Beijing , China
| | - Yifei Liu
- a Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering , China Agricultural University , Beijing , China
| | - Xiaoyun He
- a Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering , China Agricultural University , Beijing , China
| | - Kunlun Huang
- a Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering , China Agricultural University , Beijing , China.,b Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering , China Agricultural University , Beijing , China
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14
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Wang F, Dang C, Chang X, Tian J, Lu Z, Chen Y, Ye G. Variation among conventional cultivars could be used as a criterion for environmental safety assessment of Bt rice on nontarget arthropods. Sci Rep 2017; 7:41918. [PMID: 28167821 PMCID: PMC5294568 DOI: 10.1038/srep41918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The current difficulty facing risk evaluations of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) crops on nontarget arthropods (NTAs) is the lack of criteria for determining what represents unacceptable risk. In this study, we investigated the biological parameters in the laboratory and field population abundance of Nilaparvata lugens (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) on two Bt rice lines and the non-Bt parent, together with 14 other conventional rice cultivars. Significant difference were found in nymphal duration and fecundity of N. lugens fed on Bt rice KMD2, as well as field population density on 12 October, compared with non-Bt parent. However, compared with the variation among conventional rice cultivars, the variation of each parameter between Bt rice and the non-Bt parent was much smaller, which can be easily seen from low-high bar graphs and also the coefficient of variation value (C.V). The variation among conventional cultivars is proposed to be used as a criterion for the safety assessment of Bt rice on NTAs, particularly when statistically significant differences in several parameters are found between Bt rice and its non-Bt parent. Coefficient of variation is suggested as a promising parameter for ecological risk judgement of IRGM rice on NTAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Cong Dang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xuefei Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Junce Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.,Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Zengbin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.,Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Science, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Yang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.,Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Gongyin Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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15
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Chen X, Gao MQ, Liang D, Yin S, Yao K, Zhang Y. Safety assessment of genetically modified milk containing human beta-defensin-3 on rats by a 90-day feeding study. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 100:34-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2016.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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16
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Effect of genetically modified corn on the jejunal mucosa of adult male albino rat. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 68:579-588. [DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2016.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2016] [Revised: 09/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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17
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In Vivo Effects of Pichia Pastoris-Expressed Antimicrobial Peptide Hepcidin on the Community Composition and Metabolism Gut Microbiota of Rats. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0164771. [PMID: 27768776 PMCID: PMC5074506 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepcidin, one kind of antimicrobial peptides, is one of the promising alternatives to antibiotics with broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity. Hepcidins cloned from different kinds of fishes have been produced using exogenous expression systems, and their in vitro antimicrobial effects have been verified. However their in vivo effects on gut microbiota and gut health of hosts remain unclear. Here we performed a safety study of hepcidin so that it can be used to reduce microbial contaminations in the food and feed. In this study, Pichia pastoris-expressed Pseudosciaena crocea hepcidin (PC-hepc) was first assessed by simulated digestion tests and then administered to male and female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats in different concentrations. Subchronic toxicity testing, high throughput 16S rRNA sequencing of gut microbiota, and examinations on gut metabolism and permeability were conducted. The results showed PC-hepc could be digested in simulated intestinal fluid but not in simulated gastric fluid. PC-hepc had no adverse effects on general health, except causing increase of blood glucose (still in the normal value range of this index) in all trial groups of female rats and intestinal inflammation in HD group of female rats. Community composition of gut microbiota of female MD and HD groups shifted compared with control group, of which the decrease of genus Akkermansia might be related to the increase of blood glucose and intestinal inflammation. Significant increase of fecal nitroreductase activity was also observed in female MD and HD groups. Our results suggest the uses of exogenous PC-hepc in normal dosage are safe, however excess dosage of it may cause intestinal disorder of animals.
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18
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Chen L, Sun Z, Liu Q, Zhong R, Tan S, Yang X, Zhang H. Long-term toxicity study on genetically modified corn with cry1Ac gene in a Wuzhishan miniature pig model. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2016; 96:4207-4214. [PMID: 26777397 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.7624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2015] [Revised: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of the present study was to investigate the chronic effect of transgenic maize lines by the insertion of the cry1Ac gene from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) on the growth performance, immune response and health using a Wuzhishan miniature pig model through a 196-day feeding study. RESULTS Based on the gender and weight, 72 Wuzhishan miniature pigs were randomly assigned one of the diets containing 65% non-transgenic isogenic corn or Bt corn at three stages of growth (day 0-69, 70-134 and 135-196). The potential toxicological effects of transgenic corn on pigs were explored. No difference between the diet treatments for growth performance and haematology parameters at any stages of growth. Although subtle differences in serum content of alanine aminotransferase, relative kidney weight and some immune response were observed between the Bt group and isogenic group, they were not considered as diet treatment-related. CONCLUSION Long-term feeding Bt corn carrying cry1Ac genes to Wuzhishan miniature pigs did not indicate adverse effects on the growth, immune response and health indicators at any stages of growth. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
- Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhe Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Quanwei Liu
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571100, China
| | - Ruqing Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Shuyi Tan
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571100, China
| | - Xiaoguang Yang
- National Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 10050, China
| | - Hongfu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
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19
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Chen X, Yang Y, Shi Z, Gao MQ, Zhang Y. Effects of Genetically Modified Milk Containing Human Beta-Defensin-3 on Gastrointestinal Health of Mice. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0159700. [PMID: 27438026 PMCID: PMC4954683 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was performed to investigate the effects of genetically modified (GM) milk containing human beta-defensin-3 (HBD3) on mice by a 90-day feeding study. The examined parameters included the digestibility of GM milk, general physical examination, gastric emptying function, intestinal permeability, intestinal microflora composition of mice, and the possibility of horizontal gene transfer (HGT). The emphasis was placed on the effects on gastrointestinal (GI) tract due to the fact that GI tract was the first site contacting with food and played crucial roles in metabolic reactions, nutrition absorption and immunity regulation in the host. However, the traditional methods for analyzing the potential toxicological risk of GM product pay little attention on GI health. In this study, the results showed GM milk was easy to be digested in simulated gastric fluid, and it did not have adverse effects on general and GI health compared to conventional milk. And there is little possibility of HGT. This study may enrich the safety assessment of GM product on GI health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yange Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhaopeng Shi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ming-Qing Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
- * E-mail: (M-QG); (YZ)
| | - Yong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
- * E-mail: (M-QG); (YZ)
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20
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Domingo JL. Safety assessment of GM plants: An updated review of the scientific literature. Food Chem Toxicol 2016; 95:12-8. [PMID: 27317828 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2016.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2016] [Revised: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In a wide revision of the literature conducted in 2000, I noted that the information in scientific journals on the safety of genetically modified (GM) foods in general, and GM plants in particular, was scarce. Of course, it was not sufficient to guarantee that the consumption of these products should not mean risks for the health of the consumers. Because of the scientific interest in GM organisms (GMOs), as well as the great concern that the consumption of GM foods/plants has raised in a number of countries, I conducted two subsequent revisions (2007 and 2011) on the adverse/toxic effects of GM plants. In the present review, I have updated the information on the potential adverse health effects of GM plants consumed as food and/or feed. With only a few exceptions, the reported studies in the last six years show rather similar conclusions; that is to say, the assessed GM soybeans, rice, corn/maize and wheat would be as safe as the parental species of these plants. However, in spite of the notable increase in the available information, studies on the long-term health effects of GM plants, including tests of mutagenicity, teratogenicity and carcinogenicity seem to be still clearly necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- José L Domingo
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Catalonia, Spain.
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21
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Zou S, Huang K, Xu W, Luo Y, He X. Safety assessment of lepidopteran insect-protected transgenic rice with cry2A* gene. Transgenic Res 2015; 25:163-72. [PMID: 26581349 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-015-9920-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Numerous genetically modified (GM) crops expressing proteins for insect resistance have been commercialized following extensive testing demonstrating that the foods obtained from them are as safe as that obtained from their corresponding non-GM varieties. In this paper, we report the outcome of safety studies conducted on a newly developed insect-resistant GM rice expressing the cry2A* gene by a subchronic oral toxicity study on rats. GM rice and non-GM rice were incorporated into the diet at levels of 30, 50, and 70% (w/w), No treatment-related adverse or toxic effects were observed based on an examination of the daily clinical signs, body weight, food consumption, hematology, serum biochemistry, and organ weight or based on gross and histopathological examination. These results demonstrate that the GM rice with cry2A* gene is as safe for food as conventional non-GM rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiying Zou
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, No. 17 Tsinghua Donglu, Beijing, 100083, China.,The Supervision, Inspection and Testing Center for Genetically Modified Organisms, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Kunlun Huang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, No. 17 Tsinghua Donglu, Beijing, 100083, China.,The Supervision, Inspection and Testing Center for Genetically Modified Organisms, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100083, China.,Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Wentao Xu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, No. 17 Tsinghua Donglu, Beijing, 100083, China.,The Supervision, Inspection and Testing Center for Genetically Modified Organisms, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100083, China.,Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yunbo Luo
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, No. 17 Tsinghua Donglu, Beijing, 100083, China.,The Supervision, Inspection and Testing Center for Genetically Modified Organisms, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xiaoyun He
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, No. 17 Tsinghua Donglu, Beijing, 100083, China. .,The Supervision, Inspection and Testing Center for Genetically Modified Organisms, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100083, China. .,Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Beijing, 100083, China.
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22
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Guo M, Ding S, Zhao C, Gu X, He X, Huang K, Luo Y, Liang Z, Tian H, Xu W. Red Ginseng and Semen Coicis can improve the structure of gut microbiota and relieve the symptoms of ulcerative colitis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 162:7-13. [PMID: 25554637 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Revised: 11/21/2014] [Accepted: 12/20/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Many Chinese herbs are traditionally used as medicine to improve the functions of gastrointestinal tract. Some of these herbs are also promising agents for the improvement of the gut microbiota and the treatment of ulcerative colitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS By screening seven traditional Chinese herbs, we found that Red Ginseng and Semen Coicis were the most effective in promoting the growth of probiotics including Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium in vitro. We then evaluated the effects of Red Ginseng and Semen Coicis on the growth of the bacterial pathogens (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella spp.) in vitro. In in vivo experiment, we gavage administrated trinitro-benzene-sulfonic acid induced ulcerative colitis (UC) rats with Red Ginseng and Semen Coicis extracts. After two weeks treatment, we analyzed the structure of the gut microbiota and examined the UC symptoms by employing qPCR and animal pathology detection techniques. RESULTS Both Red Ginseng and Semen Coicis promoted the growth of probiotics - Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in vitro. Red Ginseng also inhibited the growth of some pathogen strains. In vivo, Red Ginseng and Semen Coicis improved the structure of gut microbiota and relieved the symptoms of ulcerative colitis in vivo. Compared with Semen Coicis, Red Ginseng was more effective in relieving the symptoms of ulcerative colitis. CONCLUSIONS Red Ginseng could promote the growth of probiotic bacteria in vitro. Red Ginseng and, to a lesser extent Semen Coicis, gave positive results in an experimental in vivo model for ulcerative colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhang Guo
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Shuo Ding
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, PR China; College of Food Science and Technology, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, PR China
| | - Changhui Zhao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Xinxi Gu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, PR China
| | - Xiaoyun He
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Kunlun Huang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Yunbo Luo
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Zhihong Liang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Hongtao Tian
- College of Food Science and Technology, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, PR China.
| | - Wentao Xu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, PR China.
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23
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Qi X, Chen S, Sheng Y, Guo M, Liu Y, He X, Huang K, Xu W. Safety assessment of genetically modified rice expressing human serum albumin from urine metabonomics and fecal bacterial profile. Food Chem Toxicol 2015; 76:1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2014.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Revised: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Subchronic toxicity study in vivo and allergenicity study in vitro for genetically modified rice that expresses pharmaceutical protein (human serum albumin). Food Chem Toxicol 2014; 72:242-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2014.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2014] [Revised: 07/19/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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