1
|
Bui TA, Jickling GC, Winship IR. Neutrophil dynamics and inflammaging in acute ischemic stroke: A transcriptomic review. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:1041333. [PMID: 36620775 PMCID: PMC9813499 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1041333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is among the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Restoring blood flow through recanalization is currently the only acute treatment for cerebral ischemia. Unfortunately, many patients that achieve a complete recanalization fail to regain functional independence. Recent studies indicate that activation of peripheral immune cells, particularly neutrophils, may contribute to microcirculatory failure and futile recanalization. Stroke primarily affects the elderly population, and mortality after endovascular therapies is associated with advanced age. Previous analyses of differential gene expression across injury status and age identify ischemic stroke as a complex age-related disease. It also suggests robust interactions between stroke injury, aging, and inflammation on a cellular and molecular level. Understanding such interactions is crucial in developing effective protective treatments. The global stroke burden will continue to increase with a rapidly aging human population. Unfortunately, the mechanisms of age-dependent vulnerability are poorly defined. In this review, we will discuss how neutrophil-specific gene expression patterns may contribute to poor treatment responses in stroke patients. We will also discuss age-related transcriptional changes that may contribute to poor clinical outcomes and greater susceptibility to cerebrovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Truong An Bui
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Glen C. Jickling
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Ian R. Winship
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Song L, Li X, Sun Q, Zhao Y. Fxyd5 activates the NF‑κB pathway and is involved in chondrocytes inflammation and extracellular matrix degradation. Mol Med Rep 2022; 25:134. [PMID: 35191523 PMCID: PMC8908309 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
It is known that increased inflammation and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation in chondrocytes can promote the development of osteoarthritis (OA). The FXYD domain containing ion transport regulator 5 (Fxyd5) has been found to promote chronic inflammatory responses. The present study aimed to investigate the role of Fxyd5 in OA. Murine ATDC5 chondrocytes were transfected with short hairpin RNAs specifically targeting Fxyd5 to silence its expression. Subsequently, cells were induced with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The protein expression levels of Fxyd5, MMPs and proteins related to ECM, apoptosis and NF-κB signaling were detected using western blot analysis. In addition, cell viability was assessed using a Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, while the secretion of the proinflammatory factors and those of the oxidative stress-related markers were measured using the corresponding kits. Finally, cells were treated with the NF-κB activator, betulinic acid (BA) and the above experiments were repeated. The results demonstrated that Fxyd5 was significantly upregulated in ATDC5 cells treated with LPS. Additionally, Fxyd5 knockdown increased cell viability, enhanced the protein expression of Bcl-2, Aggrecan and collagen II, while reduced the expression of Bax, cleaved caspase-3/caspase-3, MMP3 and MMP13 in LPS-induced ATDC5 cells. The production of IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-18 as well as reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde, and the reduction of superoxide dismutase caused by LPS in ATDC5 cells, were also reversed by Fxyd5 silencing. Fxyd5 silencing inhibited the phosphorylation of p65 and IκBα induced by LPS. Finally, BA reversed the protective effect of Fxyd5 silencing on LPS induced chondrocytes injury. In conclusion, Fxyd5 could enhance chondrocyte inflammation and ECM degradation via activating the NF-κB signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Song
- Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Haidian, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Xingxing Li
- Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Haidian, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Qingwan Sun
- University of Derby, Derby DE1 3PF, United Kingdom
| | - Yifeng Zhao
- Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mészáros Á, Molnár K, Nógrádi B, Hernádi Z, Nyúl-Tóth Á, Wilhelm I, Krizbai IA. Neurovascular Inflammaging in Health and Disease. Cells 2020; 9:cells9071614. [PMID: 32635451 PMCID: PMC7407516 DOI: 10.3390/cells9071614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is characterized by a chronic low-grade sterile inflammation dubbed as inflammaging, which in part originates from accumulating cellular debris. These, acting as danger signals with many intrinsic factors such as cytokines, are sensed by a network of pattern recognition receptors and other cognate receptors, leading to the activation of inflammasomes. Due to the inflammasome activity-dependent increase in the levels of pro-inflammatory interleukins (IL-1β, IL-18), inflammation is initiated, resulting in tissue injury in various organs, the brain and the spinal cord included. Similarly, in age-related diseases of the central nervous system (CNS), inflammasome activation is a prominent moment, in which cells of the neurovascular unit occupy a significant position. In this review, we discuss the inflammatory changes in normal aging and summarize the current knowledge on the role of inflammasomes and contributing mechanisms in common CNS diseases, namely Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and stroke, all of which occur more frequently with aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ádám Mészáros
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, 6726 Szeged, Hungary; (Á.M.); (K.M.); (B.N.); (Z.H.); (Á.N.-T.); (I.W.)
- Doctoral School of Biology, University of Szeged, 6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Kinga Molnár
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, 6726 Szeged, Hungary; (Á.M.); (K.M.); (B.N.); (Z.H.); (Á.N.-T.); (I.W.)
- Theoretical Medicine Doctoral School, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Bernát Nógrádi
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, 6726 Szeged, Hungary; (Á.M.); (K.M.); (B.N.); (Z.H.); (Á.N.-T.); (I.W.)
- Foundation for the Future of Biomedical Sciences in Szeged, Szeged Scientists Academy, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zsófia Hernádi
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, 6726 Szeged, Hungary; (Á.M.); (K.M.); (B.N.); (Z.H.); (Á.N.-T.); (I.W.)
- Foundation for the Future of Biomedical Sciences in Szeged, Szeged Scientists Academy, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ádám Nyúl-Tóth
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, 6726 Szeged, Hungary; (Á.M.); (K.M.); (B.N.); (Z.H.); (Á.N.-T.); (I.W.)
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging/Oklahoma Center for Geroscience, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Imola Wilhelm
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, 6726 Szeged, Hungary; (Á.M.); (K.M.); (B.N.); (Z.H.); (Á.N.-T.); (I.W.)
- Institute of Life Sciences, Vasile Goldiş Western University of Arad, 310414 Arad, Romania
| | - István A. Krizbai
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, 6726 Szeged, Hungary; (Á.M.); (K.M.); (B.N.); (Z.H.); (Á.N.-T.); (I.W.)
- Institute of Life Sciences, Vasile Goldiş Western University of Arad, 310414 Arad, Romania
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +36-62-599-794
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Nikas JB, Mitanis NT, Nikas EG. Whole Exome and Transcriptome RNA-Sequencing Model for the Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:481-486. [PMID: 31956794 PMCID: PMC6964263 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b02995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In our previous study, we developed a genome-wide DNA methylation model for the diagnosis of prostate cancer, and we pointed out that a considerable average error is associated with the current method for the diagnosis of prostate cancer, which is predicated on pathological assessment of biopsied tissue. In this study, we utilized whole exome and transcriptome RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) data that were derived from 468 tumor samples and 51 normal samples of prostatic tissue, and we analyzed over 20,000 genes per sample. We were able to develop a mathematical model that classified tumor tissue versus normal tissue with a high accuracy. The overall sensitivity was 97.01%, and the overall specificity was 94.12%. The input variables to the model were the mRNA expression values of the following nine genes: ANGPT1, MED21, AOX1, PLP2, HPN, HPN-AS1, EPHA10, NKX2-3, and LRFN1. The model was validated with unknown samples, with a 10-fold cross-validation, and a leave-one-out cross-validation. We present here a genomic model, based on a whole exome and transcriptome RNA-seq analysis of biopsied prostatic tissue, that could be utilized in the diagnosis of prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jason B. Nikas
- Research
& Development, Genomix Inc., Minneapolis, Minnesota 55364, United States
| | - Nikos T. Mitanis
- Department
of Mathematics, University of the Aegean, Samos 83200, Greece
| | - Emily G. Nikas
- School
of Mathematics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Heard-Garris N, Davis MM, Estabrook R, Burns J, Briggs-Gowan M, Allen N, Carnethon M, Aguayo L, Wakschlag L, Penedo F. Adverse childhood experiences and biomarkers of inflammation in a diverse cohort of early school-aged children. Brain Behav Immun Health 2020; 1:100006. [PMID: 38377426 PMCID: PMC8474684 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2019.100006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between ACEs and inflammatory profiles (i.e., pro- and anti-) in early childhood and to examine whether patterns differ for racial/ethnic subgroups. Study design Using longitudinal data from the Multidimensional Assessment of Preschoolers Study (MAPS) (N = 122), we examined the relationship between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) beginning at birth, C -reactive protein (CRP), and both pro-inflammatory (i.e., IL-1 β, IL-6, TNF, and CRP) and anti-inflammatory (i.e. IL-4 and IL-10) biomarkers during early school age (ages 6-8 years). Results No children in the sample were reported to have experienced 0 ACES, 7% had 1 ACE, 51% had 2-3 ACEs, and 42% had 4 or more ACEs accumulated by the early school-age wave (ESA). There were no significant associations between cumulative ACEs and inflammatory markers. However, parental substance abuse, a specific ACE, was positively correlated with a pro-inflammatory profile at early school age (r = 0.18, p<.05). Specifically, substance abuse as an ACE was associated with higher levels of pro-inflammatory markers such as IL-1 β and IL-6. Additionally, Hispanics with ACEs had higher levels of CRP than Black and white individuals. Conclusions Children with histories of ACEs, especially those with parental substance abuse, may have higher levels of inflammation. Better understanding the role of inflammation in the development of chronic diseases for individuals with ACEs may allow earlier identification and prevention of disease during childhood for those at the highest risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nia Heard-Garris
- Division of Academic General Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, 225 E. Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 225 E. Chicago Avenue, Box 86, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Mary Ann & J. Milburn Smith Child Health Research, Outreach, and Advocacy Center, Stanley Manne Children’s Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, 303 E. Superior St. Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Matthew M. Davis
- Division of Academic General Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, 225 E. Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 225 E. Chicago Avenue, Box 86, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Mary Ann & J. Milburn Smith Child Health Research, Outreach, and Advocacy Center, Stanley Manne Children’s Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, 303 E. Superior St. Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Departments of Medicine, Medical Social Sciences, and Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 676 N St. Clair Street Arkes Pavilion, Suite 2300, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Ryne Estabrook
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 633 N. St. Clair St, 19th Floor, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - James Burns
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 633 N. St. Clair St, 19th Floor, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Margaret Briggs-Gowan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT, 06030-1410, USA
| | - Norrina Allen
- Departments of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 680 N. Lake Shore Dr. Suite 1400, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Mercedes Carnethon
- Departments of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 680 N. Lake Shore Dr. Suite 1400, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Liliana Aguayo
- Division of Academic General Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, 225 E. Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Departments of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 680 N. Lake Shore Dr. Suite 1400, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Lauren Wakschlag
- Institute for Innovations in Developmental Science, Northwestern University, 633 N. St. Clair, Suite 19-041, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Departments of Medical Social Sciences, Pediatrics, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine and Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences, Northwestern University, 633 N. St. Clair St., 19th Floor, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Frank Penedo
- Departments of Psychology and Medicine, University of Miami, Florida, P.O. Box 248185, Coral Gables, FL, 33124, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Age-related macular degeneration: A two-level model hypothesis. Prog Retin Eye Res 2019; 76:100825. [PMID: 31899290 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2019.100825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Age-related diseases, including age-related macular degeneration (AMD), are of growing importance in a world where population ageing has become a dominant global trend. Although a wide variety of risk factors for AMD have been identified, age itself remains by far the most important risk factor, making it an urgent priority to understand the connections between underlying ageing mechanisms and pathophysiology of AMD. Ageing is both multicausal and variable, so that differences between individuals in biological ageing processes are the focus of a growing number of pathophysiological studies seeking to explain how ageing contributes to chronic, age-related conditions. The aim of this review is to integrate the available knowledge on the pathophysiology of AMD within the framework of the biology of ageing. One highly significant feature of biological ageing is systemic inflammation, which arises as a second-level response to a first level of molecular damage involving oxidative stress, mutations etc. Combining these insights, the various co-existing pathophysiological explanations in AMD arrange themselves according to a two-level hypothesis. Accordingly, we describe how AMD can be considered the consequence of age-related random accumulation of molecular damage at the ocular level and the subsequent systemic inflammatory host response thereof. We summarize evidence and provide original data to enlighten where evidence is lacking. Finally, we discuss how this two-level hypothesis provides a foundation for thoughts and future studies in prevention, prognosis, and intervention.
Collapse
|
7
|
Nikas JB, Nikas EG. Genome-Wide DNA Methylation Model for the Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:14895-14901. [PMID: 31552329 PMCID: PMC6751714 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b01613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most prevalent and the second most lethal malignancy among males in the United States of America. Its diagnosis is almost entirely predicated upon histopathological analysis of the biopsied tissue, and it is associated with a substantial average error. Using genome-wide DNA methylation data derived from 469 prostatic tumor tissue samples and 50 normal prostatic tissue samples and interrogating over 485 000 CpG sites per sample (spanning across gene promoters, CpG islands, shores, shelves, gene bodies, and intergenic and other areas), we were able to develop a mathematical model that classified with a high accuracy (overall sensitivity = 95.31% and overall specificity = 94.00%) tumor tissue versus normal tissue. The methylation β values of five CpG sites, corresponding to the genes LINC01091, RPS15, SNORA10, and two unknown DNA areas in chromosome 1, provided the input to the model. The model was validated with unknown samples, as well as with a sixfold cross-validation and a leave-one-out cross-validation. This study presents a novel genomic model based on genome-wide DNA methylation analysis of biopsied prostatic tissue that could aid in the diagnosis of prostate cancer and help advance the transition to genomic medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jason B. Nikas
- Research &
Development, Genomix Incorporation, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55364, United States
| | - Emily G. Nikas
- School
of Mathematics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Nygaard M, Larsen MJ, Thomassen M, McGue M, Christensen K, Tan Q, Christiansen L. Global expression profiling of cognitive level and decline in middle-aged monozygotic twins. Neurobiol Aging 2019; 84:141-147. [PMID: 31585296 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2019.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Only few studies have investigated the genomewide transcriptome of normative cognitive aging. We therefore aimed at investigating blood gene expression patterns associated with cognitive aging using a population-based sample of 235 middle-aged monozygotic twin pairs with longitudinal data on cognitive function. This unique setup enabled examination of gene expression differences associated with individual and intrapair differences in cognitive level and change while controlling for underlying genetic variation and shared early environment. Overall, increased expression of several gene sets was found to strongly correlate with a lower cognitive level and cognitive decline. The most significantly correlated gene sets were related to protein metabolism, translation, RNA metabolism, infectious disease, and the immune system, which are all processes previously linked to transcription signatures of pathological and normal brain aging, and aging in blood. The results of our study thus suggest that gene expression patterns of cognitive level and decline in our sample mirror those seen in cognitively impaired individuals, which could point toward a more generic response to cognitive aging and aging in general.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Nygaard
- The Danish Twin Registry and The Danish Aging Research Center, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark; Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark.
| | - Martin J Larsen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark; Department of Clinical Research, Human Genetics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Mads Thomassen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark; Department of Clinical Research, Human Genetics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Matt McGue
- The Danish Twin Registry and The Danish Aging Research Center, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark; Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Kaare Christensen
- The Danish Twin Registry and The Danish Aging Research Center, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark; Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark; Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Qihua Tan
- The Danish Twin Registry and The Danish Aging Research Center, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark; Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Lene Christiansen
- The Danish Twin Registry and The Danish Aging Research Center, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark; Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen OE, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Naumov AV, Moroz VI, Khovasova NO, Manevich TM, Balaeva MM, Tkacheva ON. [Chronic pain in patients older than 60 years: a view of the geriatrics]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2019; 119:53-59. [PMID: 31407682 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro201911906153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIM To analyze the geriatric status of patients with chronic pain. MATERIAL AND METHODS One hundred and sixteen patients of a geriatric unit, aged 75.66±7.98 years (110 women, 94.8%), were studied. All patients underwent general clinical examination and complex geriatric assessment, on the results of which geriatric syndromes were identified. Characteristics of pain syndrome (cause, intensity, localization) are described. RESULTS Chronic pain syndrome is identified in 85 (73.3%) patients. Most often pain is localized in large joints (n=44 (51.76%)) and back (n=50 (58.8%)). The intensity of pain was higher in patients with moderate dependence in daily activities compared to those with mild dependence (p<0.05). Pain intensity is associated with the degree of impairment of physical functioning (p<0.05). Patients with chronic pain have more geriatric symptoms (6.8±2.8). More syndromes (9.11±2.37) are identified in patients with marked impairment of physical functioning. The reduction of muscle strength is observed in 45.9% patients with- and 9.7% patients without chronic pain syndrome. The velocity of pace is 0.59 m/s and 0.71 m/s, respectively. CONCLUSION The high prevalence of chronic pain in patients of a geriatric unit is shown. The intensity of pain iss higher in patients with moderate dependence in daily activities compared to those with mild dependence. Pain intensity increases with the reduction of patient's physical functioning. Patients with chronic pain more often have dynapenia and significantly lower velocity of pace that indicates the poor outcome in elderly patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A V Naumov
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia; Russian Clinical and Research Center of Gerontology of Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - V I Moroz
- Russian Clinical and Research Center of Gerontology of Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - N O Khovasova
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia; Russian Clinical and Research Center of Gerontology of Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - T M Manevich
- Russian Clinical and Research Center of Gerontology of Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - M M Balaeva
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - O N Tkacheva
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia; Russian Clinical and Research Center of Gerontology of Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Duggan MR, Joshi S, Tan YF, Slifker M, Ross EA, Wimmer M, Parikh V. Transcriptomic changes in the prefrontal cortex of rats as a function of age and cognitive engagement. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2019; 163:107035. [PMID: 31185277 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2019.107035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Although changes in cognitive functions including attention are well documented in aging, the neurobiological basis for such alterations is not fully understood. Increasing evidence points towards the contribution of genetic factors in age-related cognitive decline. However, genetic studies have remained inconsistent in characterizing specific genes that could predict functional decline in aging. Here we utilized next generation RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to identify patterns of differentially expressed genes in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), a brain region implicated in attention, of young and aged animals that were either cognitively trained or had limited cognitive engagement. Consistent with previous investigations, aging alone was associated with increased expression of genes involved in multiple facets of innate and adaptive immune responses. On the contrary, the expression of immunity-related transcripts was reduced by cognitive engagement. In addition, transcripts across a wide range of cellular processes, including those associated with neuronal remodeling and plasticity, were upregulated by this behavioral manipulation. Surprisingly, aged subjects accounted for higher mean counts of upregulated transcripts and lower mean counts for downregulated transcripts as compared to the young subjects. Because aged rats exhibited lower attentional capacities, it is plausible that transcriptional changes associated with performance in these animals were reflective of compensatory changes that occurred to cope with the declining integrity of PFC functioning. Interestingly, the effects of both aging and cognitive engagement resulted in an upregulation of transcripts linked to extracellular exosomes, suggesting such extracellular vesicles may moderate a reciprocal gene by environment interaction in order to facilitate the reorganization of PFC circuitry and maintain functionality. Taken together, these findings provide novel insights into the capacities of both cognitive engagement as well as aging to alter gene expression in the PFC, and how the effects of such dynamic factors relate to variation in age-related cognitive abilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Duggan
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Program, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, United States
| | - Surbhi Joshi
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Program, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, United States
| | - Yin-Fei Tan
- Genetics Research Facilities, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, United States
| | - Michael Slifker
- Biostatisitics and Bionformatics Facilities, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, United States
| | - Eric A Ross
- Biostatisitics and Bionformatics Facilities, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, United States
| | - Mathieu Wimmer
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Program, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, United States
| | - Vinay Parikh
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Program, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Andersen M, Sajid Z, Pedersen RK, Gudmand-Hoeyer J, Ellervik C, Skov V, Kjær L, Pallisgaard N, Kruse TA, Thomassen M, Troelsen J, Hasselbalch HC, Ottesen JT. Mathematical modelling as a proof of concept for MPNs as a human inflammation model for cancer development. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0183620. [PMID: 28859112 PMCID: PMC5578482 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The chronic Philadelphia-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are acquired stem cell neoplasms which ultimately may transform to acute myelogenous leukemia. Most recently, chronic inflammation has been described as an important factor for the development and progression of MPNs in the biological continuum from early cancer stage to the advanced myelofibrosis stage, the MPNs being described as "A Human Inflammation Model for Cancer Development". This novel concept has been built upon clinical, experimental, genomic, immunological and not least epidemiological studies. Only a few studies have described the development of MPNs by mathematical models, and none have addressed the role of inflammation for clonal evolution and disease progression. Herein, we aim at using mathematical modelling to substantiate the concept of chronic inflammation as an important trigger and driver of MPNs.The basics of the model describe the proliferation from stem cells to mature cells including mutations of healthy stem cells to become malignant stem cells. We include a simple inflammatory coupling coping with cell death and affecting the basic model beneath. First, we describe the system without feedbacks or regulatory interactions. Next, we introduce inflammatory feedback into the system. Finally, we include other feedbacks and regulatory interactions forming the inflammatory-MPN model. Using mathematical modeling, we add further proof to the concept that chronic inflammation may be both a trigger of clonal evolution and an important driving force for MPN disease progression. Our findings support intervention at the earliest stage of cancer development to target the malignant clone and dampen concomitant inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Morten Andersen
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Zamra Sajid
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Rasmus K. Pedersen
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | | | - Christina Ellervik
- Department of Laboratory Medicine at Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Vibe Skov
- Department of Hematology, Zealand University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Lasse Kjær
- Department of Hematology, Zealand University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Niels Pallisgaard
- Department of Pathology, Zealand University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Torben A. Kruse
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Mads Thomassen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Jesper Troelsen
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Hans Carl Hasselbalch
- Department of Hematology, Zealand University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Johnny T. Ottesen
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Nikas JB. Independent validation of a mathematical genomic model for survival of glioma patients. Am J Cancer Res 2016; 6:1408-1419. [PMID: 27429853 PMCID: PMC4937742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
An independent cohort study was conducted to validate a mathematical genomic model for survival of glioma patients that was introduced previously. Of the 102 new subjects that were employed in this study, 40 were long-term survivors (survival ≥ 3 years), and 62 were short-term survivors (survival ≤ 1 year). Utilizing the gene expression of 5 genes as captured by mRNA sequencing of primary tumor tissue, obtained from the initial biopsy during the diagnosis, and prior to the administration of any treatment, the model classified correctly all but three of the 102 subjects. More specifically, of the 62 STS (short-term survivors), 61 were classified correctly (sensitivity = 98.4%); and of the 40 LTS (long-term survivors), 38 were classified correctly (specificity = 95.0%). The 5 gene expression input variables to the model were: FAM120AOS, MXI1, OCIAD2, PCDH15, and PDLIM4. Of the top 29 most significantly differentially expressed genes between STS and LTS subjects, as identified in the original study, all but one were highly significant. Furthermore, with respect to survival, the model - designed to operate at the molecular level (gene expression of tumor cells) - was also able to statistically differentiate between the two subgroups of the STS group, namely, the STS subjects with lower grade glioma and the STS subjects with glioblastoma; whereas variables either at the tissue level or at the organismal level were not able to do so. Based on these results, and taking into account that accurate clinical prognosis for short-term vs. long-term survival for glioma patients is currently nonexistent, this study provides further, independent evidence for the accuracy and the clinical utility of the model.
Collapse
|
13
|
Ryan SM, Kelly ÁM. Exercise as a pro-cognitive, pro-neurogenic and anti-inflammatory intervention in transgenic mouse models of Alzheimer's disease. Ageing Res Rev 2016; 27:77-92. [PMID: 27039886 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2016.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
It is now well established, at least in animal models, that exercise elicits potent pro-cognitive and pro-neurogenic effects. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the leading causes of dementia and represents one of the greatest burdens on healthcare systems worldwide, with no effective treatment for the disease to date. Exercise presents a promising non-pharmacological option to potentially delay the onset of or slow down the progression of AD. Exercise interventions in mouse models of AD have been explored and have been found to reduce amyloid pathology and improve cognitive function. More recent studies have expanded the research question by investigating potential pro-neurogenic and anti-inflammatory effects of exercise. In this review we summarise studies that have examined exercise-mediated effects on AD pathology, cognitive function, hippocampal neurogenesis and neuroinflammation in transgenic mouse models of AD. Furthermore, we attempt to identify the optimum exercise conditions required to elicit the greatest benefits, taking into account age and pathology of the model, as well as type and duration of exercise.
Collapse
|
14
|
Abstract
Exposure to early life adversity is linked to impaired affective, cognitive, and behavioral functioning and increases risk for various psychiatric and medical conditions. Stress-induced increases in pro-inflammatory cytokines may be a biological mechanism of these effects. Few studies have examined cytokine levels in children experiencing early life adversity, and very little research has investigated cytokines or other markers of inflammation in saliva. In the present study, we examined salivary interleukin (IL)-1β and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in relation to stress exposure in 40 children aged 3 to 5 years who were enrolled in a larger study of early life adversity. Childhood maltreatment status was assessed via review of child welfare records. Contextual stress exposure, traumatic life event history, and symptoms of psychopathology were assessed via caregiver interviews at a home visit. In a subsequent visit, salivary IL-1β and CRP were obtained before and after participation in four emotion-eliciting tasks. The number of past-month contextual stressors, lifetime contextual stressors, and traumatic life events each demonstrated a significant main effect on IL-1β. Baseline IL-1β was positively associated with each of the significant main-effect adversities. Postchallenge IL-1β displayed positive associations with each adversity variable, but these were not significant. CRP was not significantly associated with any of the adversity variables. Given the evidence suggesting the involvement of IL-1β in the neuropathology of psychiatric conditions, these results may have important implications for developmental outcomes.
Collapse
|
15
|
Lubarski-Gotliv I, Asher C, Dada LA, Garty H. FXYD5 Protein Has a Pro-inflammatory Role in Epithelial Cells. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:11072-82. [PMID: 27006401 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.699041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The FXYD proteins are a family of small membrane proteins that share an invariant four amino acid signature motif F-X-Y-D and act as tissue-specific regulatory subunits of the Na,K-ATPase. FXYD5 (also termed dysadherin or RIC) is a structurally and functionally unique member of the FXYD family. As other FXYD proteins, FXYD5 specifically interacts with the Na,K-ATPase and alters its kinetics by increasing Vmax However, unlike other family members FXYD5 appears to have additional functions, which cannot be readily explained by modulation of transport kinetics. Knockdown of FXYD5 in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells largely decreases expression and secretion of the chemokine CCL2 (MCP-1). A related effect has also been observed in renal cell carcinoma cells. The current study aims to further characterize the relationship between the expression of FXYD5 and CCL2 secretion. We demonstrate that transfection of M1 epithelial cell line with FXYD5 largely increases lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated CCL2 mRNA and secretion of the translated protein. We have completed a detailed analysis of the molecular events leading to the above response. Our key findings indicate that FXYD5 generates a late response by increasing the surface expression of the TNFα receptor, without affecting its total protein level, or mRNA transcription. LPS administration to mice demonstrates induced secretion of CCL2 and TNFα in FXYD5-expressing lung peripheral tissue, which suggests a possible role for FXYD5 in normal epithelia during inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irina Lubarski-Gotliv
- From the Department of Biological Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel and
| | - Carol Asher
- From the Department of Biological Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel and
| | - Laura A Dada
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611
| | - Haim Garty
- From the Department of Biological Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel and
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Nikas JB, Lee JT, Maring ED, Washechek-Aletto J, Felmlee-Devine D, Johnson RA, Smyrk TC, Tawadros PS, Boardman LA, Steer CJ. A common variant in MTHFR influences response to chemoradiotherapy and recurrence of rectal cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2015; 5:3231-40. [PMID: 26693073 PMCID: PMC4656744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
An important determinant of the pathogenesis and prognosis of various diseases is inherited genetic variation. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), variations at a single base position, have been identified in both protein-coding and noncoding DNA sequences, but the vast majority of millions of those variants are far from being functionally understood. Here we show that a common variant in the gene MTHFR [rs1801133 (C>T)] not only influences response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in patients with rectal cancer, but it also influences recurrence of the disease itself. More specifically, patients with the homozygous ancestral (wild type) genotype (C/C) were 2.91 times more likely (291% increased benefit) to respond to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy {95% CI: [1.23, 6.89]; P=0.0150} and 3.25 times more likely (325% increased benefit) not to experience recurrence of the disease {95% CI: [1.37, 7.72]; P=0.0079} than patients with either the heterozygous (C/T) or the homozygous mutation (T/T) genotype. These results identify MTHFR as an important genetic marker and open up new, pharmacogenomic strategies in the treatment and management of rectal cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Janet T Lee
- Department of Surgery, University of MinnesotaMinneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Elizabeth D Maring
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology & Development, University of MinnesotaMinneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | | | - Ruth A Johnson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, Mayo ClinicRochester, MN, USA
| | - Thomas C Smyrk
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, Mayo ClinicRochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Lisa A Boardman
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Mayo ClinicRochester, MN, USA
| | - Clifford J Steer
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology & Development, University of MinnesotaMinneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of MinnesotaMinneapolis, MN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Barry G, Guennewig B, Fung S, Kaczorowski D, Weickert CS. Long Non-Coding RNA Expression during Aging in the Human Subependymal Zone. Front Neurol 2015; 6:45. [PMID: 25806019 PMCID: PMC4353253 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2015.00045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The human subependymal zone (SEZ) is debatably a source of newly born neurons throughout life and neurogenesis is a multi-step process requiring distinct transcripts during cell proliferation and early neuronal maturation, along with orchestrated changes in gene expression during cell state/fate transitions. Furthermore, it is becoming increasingly clear that the majority of our genome that results in production of non-protein-coding RNAs plays vital roles in the evolution, development, adaptation, and region-specific function of the human brain. We predicted that some transcripts expressed in the SEZ may be unique to this specialized brain region, and that a comprehensive transcriptomic analysis of this region would aid in defining expression changes during neuronal birth and growth in adult humans. Here, we used deep RNA sequencing of human SEZ tissue during adulthood and aging to characterize the transcriptional landscape with a particular emphasis on long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). The data show predicted age-related changes in mRNAs encoding proliferation, progenitor, and inflammatory proteins as well as a unique subset of lncRNAs that are highly expressed in the human SEZ, many of which have unknown functions. Our results suggest the existence of robust proliferative and neuronal differentiation potential in the adult human SEZ and lay the foundation for understanding the involvement of lncRNAs in postnatal neurogenesis and potentially associated neurodevelopmental diseases that emerge after birth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guy Barry
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research , Sydney, NSW , Australia ; St Vincent's Clinical School and School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales , Sydney, NSW , Australia
| | - Boris Guennewig
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research , Sydney, NSW , Australia ; St Vincent's Clinical School and School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales , Sydney, NSW , Australia
| | - Samantha Fung
- Schizophrenia Research Institute , Sydney, NSW , Australia ; Schizophrenia Research Laboratory, Neuroscience Research Australia , Sydney, NSW , Australia ; School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales , Sydney, NSW , Australia
| | | | - Cynthia Shannon Weickert
- Schizophrenia Research Institute , Sydney, NSW , Australia ; Schizophrenia Research Laboratory, Neuroscience Research Australia , Sydney, NSW , Australia ; School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales , Sydney, NSW , Australia
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Resveratrol prevents age-related memory and mood dysfunction with increased hippocampal neurogenesis and microvasculature, and reduced glial activation. Sci Rep 2015; 5:8075. [PMID: 25627672 PMCID: PMC4894403 DOI: 10.1038/srep08075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Greatly waned neurogenesis, diminished microvasculature, astrocyte hypertrophy and activated microglia are among the most conspicuous structural changes in the aged hippocampus. Because these alterations can contribute to age-related memory and mood impairments, strategies efficacious for mitigating these changes may preserve cognitive and mood function in old age. Resveratrol, a phytoalexin found in the skin of red grapes having angiogenic and antiinflammatory properties, appears ideal for easing these age-related changes. Hence, we examined the efficacy of resveratrol for counteracting age-related memory and mood impairments and the associated detrimental changes in the hippocampus. Two groups of male F344 rats in late middle-age having similar learning and memory abilities were chosen and treated with resveratrol or vehicle for four weeks. Analyses at ~25 months of age uncovered improved learning, memory and mood function in resveratrol-treated animals but impairments in vehicle-treated animals. Resveratrol-treated animals also displayed increased net neurogenesis and microvasculature, and diminished astrocyte hypertrophy and microglial activation in the hippocampus. These results provide novel evidence that resveratrol treatment in late middle age is efficacious for improving memory and mood function in old age. Modulation of the hippocampus plasticity and suppression of chronic low-level inflammation appear to underlie the functional benefits mediated by resveratrol.
Collapse
|
19
|
Nikas JB. A mathematical model for short-term vs. long-term survival in patients with glioma. Am J Cancer Res 2014; 4:862-873. [PMID: 25520874 PMCID: PMC4266718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 10/12/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Gliomas, the most common primary brain tumors in adults, constitute clinically, histologically, and molecularly a most heterogeneous type of cancer. Owing to this, accurate clinical prognosis for short-term vs. long-term survival for patients with grade II or III glioma is currently nonexistent. A rigorous, multi-method bioinformatic approach was used to identify the top most differentially expressed genes as captured by mRNA sequencing of tumor tissue. Mathematical modeling was employed to develop the model, and three different and independent methods of validation were used to assess its performance. I present here a mathematical model that can identify with a high accuracy (sensitivity=92.9%, specificity=96.0%) those patients with glioma (grade II or III) who will experience short-term survival (≤ 1 year), as well as those with long-term survival (≥ 3 years), at the time of diagnosis and prior to surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy. The 5 gene input variables to the model are: FAM120AOS, PDLIM4, OCIAD2, PCDH15, and MXI1. MXI1, a transcriptional repressor, represents the top biomarker of survival and the most promising target for the development of a pharmacological treatment.
Collapse
|