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Level RA, Zhang Y, Tiemeier H, Estabrook R, Shaw DS, Leve LD, Wakschlag LS, Reiss D, Neiderhiser JM, Massey SH. Unique influences of pregnancy and anticipated parenting on cigarette smoking: results and implications of a within-person, between-pregnancy study. Arch Womens Ment Health 2024; 27:301-308. [PMID: 37994923 DOI: 10.1007/s00737-023-01396-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Not all pregnant individuals want to become parents and "parenting intention" can also vary within individuals during different pregnancies. Nevertheless, the potential impact of parenting intention on health-related behavior during pregnancy has been heavily underexplored. In this study, we employed a within-person between pregnancy design to estimate the effect of parenting-specific influences on smoking, separate from pregnancy-specific and individual-level influences. We quantified within-mother differences in smoking during pregnancies of infants they reared (n = 84) versus pregnancies of infants they placed for adoption at birth (n = 65) using multivariate mixed-effects Poisson regression models. Mean cigarettes/day declined as the pregnancy progressed regardless of whether infants were reared or placed. However, participants smoked fewer cigarettes/day during reared pregnancies. Relative to "adopted" pregnancies, smoking during "reared" pregnancies was lower by 24%, 41%, and 54% in first (95% CI 0.64-0.90; p = 0.001), second (95% CI 0.48-0.72; p < 0.001), and third trimesters (95% CI 0.36-0.59; p < 0.001), respectively, independent of between-pregnancy differences in maternal age, fetal sex, parity, and pregnancy complications. Female sex and nulliparity were protective. Parenting intention was associated with a protective effect on pregnancy smoking independent of pregnancy-specific influences and individual characteristics. Failure to consider the impact of parenting intention on health-related behavior during pregnancy could perpetuate an unrealistic expectation to "do what's best for the baby" and stigmatize women with unintended or unwanted pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel A Level
- Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Yingzhe Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Henning Tiemeier
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ryne Estabrook
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Daniel S Shaw
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Leslie D Leve
- Prevention Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
| | - Lauren S Wakschlag
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - David Reiss
- Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jenae M Neiderhiser
- Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Suena H Massey
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Curtis PR, Estabrook R, Roberts MY, Weisleder A. Sensitivity to Semantic Relationships in U.S. Monolingual English-Speaking Typical Talkers and Late Talkers. J Speech Lang Hear Res 2023; 66:2404-2420. [PMID: 37339002 PMCID: PMC10468120 DOI: 10.1044/2023_jslhr-22-00563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Late talkers (LTs) are a group of children who exhibit delays in language development without a known cause. Although a hallmark of LTs is a reduced expressive vocabulary, little is known about LTs' processing of semantic relations among words in their emerging vocabularies. This study uses an eye-tracking task to compare 2-year-old LTs' and typical talkers' (TTs') sensitivity to semantic relationships among early acquired words. METHOD U.S. monolingual English-speaking LTs (n = 21) and TTs (n = 24) completed a looking-while-listening task in which they viewed two images on a screen (e.g., a shirt and a pizza), while they heard words that referred to one of the images (e.g., Look! Shirt!; target-present condition) or a semantically related item (e.g., Look! Hat!; target-absent condition). Children's eye movements (i.e., looks to the target) were monitored to assess their sensitivity to these semantic relationships. RESULTS Both LTs and TTs looked longer at the semantically related image than the unrelated image on target-absent trials, demonstrating sensitivity to the taxonomic relationships used in the experiment. There was no significant group difference between LTs and TTs. Both groups also looked more to the target in the target-present condition than in the target-absent condition. CONCLUSIONS These results reveal that, despite possessing smaller expressive vocabularies, LTs have encoded semantic relationships in their receptive vocabularies and activate these during real-time language comprehension. This study furthers our understanding of LTs' emerging linguistic systems and language processing skills. SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIAL https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.23303987.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip R. Curtis
- Roxelyn and Richard Pepper Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL
| | - Ryne Estabrook
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois Chicago
| | - Megan Y. Roberts
- Roxelyn and Richard Pepper Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL
| | - Adriana Weisleder
- Roxelyn and Richard Pepper Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL
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Curtis PR, Estabrook R, Roberts MY, Weisleder A. Specificity of phonological representations in U.S. English-speaking late talkers and typical talkers. Infancy 2023. [PMID: 36939533 DOI: 10.1111/infa.12536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
Late talkers are a heterogeneous group of children who experience delayed language development in the absence of other known causes. Late talkers show delays in expressive phonological development, but less is known about their receptive phonological development. In the current study, U.S. monolingual English-speaking typical talkers (TTs) (n = 23, mean age = 26.27 months, 57% male; 78.3% White) and late talkers (n = 22, mean age = 24.57 months, 59% male, 72.7% White) completed a Looking-While-Listening task to assess their sensitivity to mispronunciations. Results revealed that late talkers and TTs looked to the referent of a word for a shorter duration when it was mispronounced than when it was correctly pronounced, suggesting they were sensitive to mispronunciations. However, there were no significant differences between the two groups in their sensitivity to mispronunciations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip R Curtis
- Roxelyn and Richard Pepper Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Ryne Estabrook
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Megan Y Roberts
- Roxelyn and Richard Pepper Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Adriana Weisleder
- Roxelyn and Richard Pepper Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
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Easter RE, Ryan KA, Estabrook R, Marshall DF, McInnis MG, Langenecker SA. Limited time-specific and longitudinal effects of depressive and manic symptoms on cognition in bipolar spectrum disorders. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2022; 146:430-441. [PMID: 35426440 PMCID: PMC9804834 DOI: 10.1111/acps.13436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Previous research suggests that cognitive performance worsens during manic and depressed states in bipolar disorder (BD). However, studies have often relied upon between-subject, cross-sectional analyses and smaller sample sizes. The current study examined the relationship between mood symptoms and cognition in a within-subject, longitudinal study with a large sample. METHODS Seven hundred and seventy-three individuals with BD completed a neuropsychological battery and mood assessments at baseline and 1-year follow-up. The battery captured eight domains of cognition: fine motor dexterity, visual memory, auditory memory, emotion processing, and four aspects of executive functioning: verbal fluency and processing speed; conceptual reasoning and set shifting; processing speed with influence resolution; and inhibitory control. Structural equation modeling was conducted to examine the cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships between depressive symptoms, manic symptoms, and cognitive performance. Age and education were included as covariates. Eight models were run with the respective cognitive domains. RESULTS Baseline mood positively predicted 1-year mood, and baseline cognition positively predicted 1-year cognition. Mood and cognition were generally not related for the eight cognitive domains. Baseline mania was predictive in one of eight baseline domains (conceptual reasoning and set shifting); baseline cognition predicted 1-year symptoms (inhibitory control-depression symptoms, visual memory-manic symptoms). CONCLUSIONS In a large community sample of patients with bipolar spectrum disorder, cognitive performance appears to be largely unrelated to depressive and manic symptoms, suggesting that cognitive dysfunction is stable in BD and is not dependent on mood state in BD. Future work could examine how treatment affects relationship between cognition and mood. SIGNIFICANT OUTCOMES Cognitive dysfunction appears to be largely independent of mood symptoms in bipolar disorder. LIMITATIONS The sample was generally highly educated (M = 15.22), the majority of the subsample with elevated manic symptoms generally presented with concurrent depressive elevated symptoms, and the study did not stratify recruitment based on mood state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca E. Easter
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Kelly A. Ryan
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Ryne Estabrook
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
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Massey SH, Pool LR, Estabrook R, Level RA, Shisler S, Stacks AM, Neiderhiser JM, Espy KA, Wakschlag LS, Eiden RD, Allen NB. Within-person decline in pregnancy smoking is observable prior to pregnancy awareness: Evidence across two independent observational cohorts. Addict Biol 2022; 27:e13245. [PMID: 36301213 PMCID: PMC9939010 DOI: 10.1111/adb.13245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Decreased consumption of nicotine and other drugs during pregnancy appears to be a cross-species phenomenon from which mechanism(s) capable of interrupting addictive processes could be elucidated. Whether pregnancy influences smoking behaviour independent of women's knowledge of the pregnancy, however, has not been considered. Using repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), we estimated within-person change in mean cigarettes/day smoked across the estimated date of conception but prior to individually reported dates of pregnancy recognition using longitudinal smoking data from two independent observational cohorts, the Growing Up Healthy (GUH, n = 271) and Midwest Infant Development Studies (MIDS, n = 145). Participants smoked an average of half a pack/day in the month immediately before conception (M (SD) = 12(8.1) and 9.5(6.7) cigarettes/day in GUH and MIDS, respectively). We observed within-person declines in smoking after conception, both before (MGUH = -0.9; 95% CI -1.6, -0.2; p = 0.01; MMIDS = -1.1; 95% CI -1.9, -0.3; p = 0.01) and after (MGUH = -4.8; 95% CI -5.5, -4.1; p < 0.001; MMIDS = -3.3; 95% CI -4.4, -2.5; p < 0.001) women were aware of having conceived, even when women who had quit and women who were planning to conceive were excluded from analyses. Pregnancy may interrupt smoking-related processes via mechanisms not previously considered. Plausible candidates and directions for future research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suena H. Massey
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Deparment of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lindsay R. Pool
- Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Deparment of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ryne Estabrook
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Rachel A. Level
- Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Shannon Shisler
- Research Institute on Addictions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Ann M. Stacks
- Merrill Palmer Skillman Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Jenae M. Neiderhiser
- Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kimberly A. Espy
- Department of Neuroscience, Developmental and Regenerative Biology; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Long School of Medicine, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Lauren S. Wakschlag
- Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Rina D. Eiden
- Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Norrina B. Allen
- Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Nili AN, Krogh-Jespersen S, Perlman SB, Estabrook R, Petitclerc A, Briggs-Gowan MJ, Sherlock PR, Norton ES, Wakschlag LS. Joint Consideration of Inhibitory Control and Irritability in Young Children: Contributions to Emergent Psychopathology. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol 2022; 50:1415-1427. [PMID: 35838931 PMCID: PMC9753138 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-022-00945-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Deficits in self-regulation capacity have been linked to subsequent impairment and clinical symptomology across the lifespan. Prior work has identified difficulty regulating angry emotions (i.e., irritability) as a powerful transdiagnostic indicator of current and future clinical concerns. Less is known regarding how irritability intersects with cognitive features of self-regulation, in particular inhibitory control, despite its mental health relevance. A promising avenue for improving specificity of clinical predictions in early childhood is multi-method, joint consideration of irritability and inhibitory control capacities. To advance early identification of impairment and psychopathology risk, we contrast group- and variable-based models of neurodevelopmental vulnerability at the interface of irritability and inhibitory control in contexts of varied motivational and emotional salience. This work was conducted in a longitudinal study of children recruited at well-child visits in Midwestern pediatric clinics at preschool age (N = 223, age range = 3-7 years). Group-based models (clustering and regression of clusters on clinical outcomes) indicated significant heterogeneity of self-regulation capacity in this sample. Meanwhile, variable-based models (continuous multiple regression) evidenced associations with concurrent clinical presentation, future symptoms, and impairment across the broad spectrum of psychopathology. Irritability transdiagnostically indicated internalizing and externalizing problems, concurrently and longitudinally. In contrast, inhibitory control was uniquely associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity symptoms. We present these findings to advance a joint consideration approach to two promising indicators of neurodevelopmental vulnerability and mental health risk. Models suggest that both emotional and cognitive self-regulation capacities can address challenges in characterizing the developmental unfolding of psychopathology from preschool to early childhood age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda N Nili
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 633 N. St. Clair, Suite 1900, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
- Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
| | - Sheila Krogh-Jespersen
- Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Susan B Perlman
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ryne Estabrook
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | | | - Phil R Sherlock
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 633 N. St. Clair, Suite 1900, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Elizabeth S Norton
- Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- School of Communications, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Laurie S Wakschlag
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 633 N. St. Clair, Suite 1900, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
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Massey SH, Estabrook R, Lapping-Carr L, Newmark RL, Decety J, Wisner KL, Wakschlag LS. Are empathic processes mechanisms of pregnancy's protective effect on smoking? Identification of a novel target for preventive intervention. Soc Sci Med 2022; 305:115071. [PMID: 35660692 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.115071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spontaneous cessation and reduction in smoking by pregnant women suggest that concern about others, or empathy, could be a malleable target for intervention. We examined various empathy-related processes in relations to reported and biochemically assessed smoking during pregnancy. METHODS Participants were 154 pregnant women (M = 12.4 weeks gestation, SD = 4.6) who were smoking cigarettes immediately prior to pregnancy recognition (85 had quit and 69 were still smoking at enrollment). Empathy-related processes were measured with performance-based paradigms (affect sharing, empathic concern, and theory of mind) and a speech sample (expressed emotion). Smoking was assessed with timeline follow back interviews and urine cotinine assays. Using zero-inflated Poisson regression models, we tested direct and interactive effects of empathy-related processes with respect to biologically verified smoking cessation (zero portion); and mean cigarettes/day smoked after pregnancy recognition among persistent smokers (count portion). RESULTS Affect sharing was inversely related to post-recognition cigarettes/day (B(SE) = -0.17(0.07), 95%C.I. -0.30,-0.04, p = .011) and moderated the relationship between pre-recognition smoking and post-recognition smoking consistent with a buffering effect (B(SE) = -.17(0.05); 95%C.I. - 0.28,-0.06; p = .002). Other empathy related processes showed neither direct nor interactive effects on smoking outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Further research is recommended to clarify the role of empathy in pregnancy smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suena H Massey
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 676 N Saint Clair Street, Suite 1000, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA; Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 633 N Saint Clair Street, 19th Floor, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
| | - Ryne Estabrook
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1007 W Harrison Street, 1018D, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Leiszle Lapping-Carr
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 676 N Saint Clair Street, Suite 1000, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Rebecca L Newmark
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 676 N Saint Clair Street, Suite 1000, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA; University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, 513 Parnassus Ave, Suite S-224, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Jean Decety
- Department of Psychology, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, 5848 South University Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Katherine L Wisner
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 676 N Saint Clair Street, Suite 1000, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Lauren S Wakschlag
- Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 633 N Saint Clair Street, 19th Floor, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA; Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 625 N. Michigan, Suite 2100, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
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Luo J, Zhang B, Estabrook R, Graham EK, Driver CC, Schalet BD, Turiano NA, Spiro A, Mroczek DK. Personality and health: Disentangling their between-person and within-person relationship in three longitudinal studies. J Pers Soc Psychol 2022; 122:493-522. [PMID: 35157486 PMCID: PMC8867777 DOI: 10.1037/pspp0000399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Personality traits and physical health both change over the life span. Theoretical models and empirical evidence suggest that these changes are related. The current study investigated the dynamic relations between personality traits and physical health at both the between-person and the within-person levels. Data were drawn from three longitudinal studies: the Veterans Affairs Normative Aging Study (NAS; N = 1,734), the Longitudinal Internet Studies for the Social Sciences (LISS; N = 13,559), and the Swedish Adoption/Twin Study of Aging (SATSA, N = 2,209). Using random intercept cross-lagged panel models (RI-CLPMs) and the continuous time (CT) models, after controlling the between-person variance, generally, evidence was found for bidirectional associations between changes in neuroticism and extraversion and changes in self-rated health and general disease level. Bidirectional associations between changes in neuroticism and change in cardiovascular diseases and central nervous system diseases were observed only when time was modeled as continuous. We also found within-person associations between changes in neuroticism and extraversion and changes in performance-based ratings of motor functioning impairment. According to the current findings, the dynamic within-person relations between personality traits and health outcomes were largely in the direction consistent with their between-person connections, although the within-person relationships were substantially smaller in strength when compared their between-person counterparts. Findings from the current study highlight the importance of distinguishing between-person and within-person effects when examining the longitudinal relationship between personality traits and health. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Luo
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 625 N. Michigan Ave., Chicago, IL 60611 USA
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, 4235 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843 USA
| | - Ryne Estabrook
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1007 W. Harrison St., Chicago, IL 60607 USA
| | - Eileen K. Graham
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 625 N. Michigan Ave., Chicago, IL 60611 USA
| | - Charles C. Driver
- Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Humboldt University, Lentzeallee 94, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Benjamin D. Schalet
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 625 N. Michigan Ave., Chicago, IL 60611 USA
| | - Nicholas A. Turiano
- Department of Psychology, West Virginia University, 1124 Life Sciences Building, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA
| | - Avron Spiro
- Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research & Information Center (MAVERIC), VA Boston Healthcare System, 150 S. Huntington Ave., Jamaica Plain, MA 02130 USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, 715 Albany St., Boston, MA 02118 USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, 720 Harrison Ave., Boston, MA 02118 USA
| | - Daniel K. Mroczek
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 625 N. Michigan Ave., Chicago, IL 60611 USA.,Department of Psychology, Weinberg College of Arts & Sciences, Northwestern University, 2029 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208 USA
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Noriega Esquives B, Lee TK, Moreno PI, Fox RS, Yanez B, Miller GE, Estabrook R, Begale MJ, Flury SC, Perry K, Kundu SD, Penedo FJ. Symptom burden profiles in men with advanced prostate cancer undergoing androgen deprivation therapy. J Behav Med 2022; 45:366-377. [PMID: 35107655 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-022-00288-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
To identify symptom burden profiles among men with advanced prostate cancer undergoing androgen-deprivation therapy and examine their association with baseline sociodemographic and medical characteristics and psychosocial outcomes over time. Latent profile analysis was employed to identify distinct groups based on the Expanded Prostate Index Composite and the McGill Pain Questionnaire at baseline. Psychosocial outcomes were assessed at baseline, 6- and 12-month follow-ups. Three profiles emerged: "high symptom burden," "high sexual bother," and "low symptom burden." Men with "high symptom burden" were younger and exhibited higher baseline levels of depression, stress, cancer-specific distress, and anxiety than men in the other two groups. However, men with "high symptom burden" also demonstrated improvement in these psychosocial outcomes over time. Men with advanced prostate cancer who experience multiple co-occurring symptoms demonstrate worse psychosocial adjustment. Patients with substantial symptom burden, and specifically young men, may benefit from prompt referral to supportive care services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanca Noriega Esquives
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1120 NW 14th Street, Suite 1006, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
| | - Tae K Lee
- Department of Convergence for Social Innovation, Department of Child Psychology and Education, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Patricia I Moreno
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1120 NW 14th Street, Suite 1006, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Rina S Fox
- College of Nursing, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA
| | - Betina Yanez
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, USA
| | - Gregory E Miller
- Institute for Policy Research and Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, USA
| | - Ryne Estabrook
- Health Outcomes and Behavior Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, USA.,Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | | | - Sarah C Flury
- Department of Urology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, USA
| | - Kent Perry
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, USA
| | - Shilajit D Kundu
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, USA
| | - Frank J Penedo
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, USA
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Fitzgerald CE, Estabrook R, Martin DP, Brandmaier AM, von Oertzen T. Correcting the bias of the Root Mean Squared Error of Approximation under missing data. Methodology 2021. [DOI: 10.5964/meth.2333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Missing data are ubiquitous in psychological research. They may come about as an unwanted result of coding or computer error, participants' non-response or absence, or missing values may be intentional, as in planned missing designs. We discuss the effects of missing data on χ²-based goodness-of-fit indices in Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), specifically on the Root Mean Squared Error of Approximation (RMSEA). We use simulations to show that naive implementations of the RMSEA have a downward bias in the presence of missing data and, thus, overestimate model goodness-of-fit. Unfortunately, many state-of-the-art software packages report the biased form of RMSEA. As a consequence, the scientific community may have been accepting a much larger fraction of models with non-acceptable model fit. We propose a bias-correction for the RMSEA based on information-theoretic considerations that take into account the expected misfit of a person with fully observed data. The corrected RMSEA is asymptotically independent of the proportion of missing data for misspecified models. Importantly, results of the corrected RMSEA computation are identical to naive RMSEA if there are no missing data.
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Funkhouser CJ, Correa KA, Letkiewicz AM, Cozza EM, Estabrook R, Shankman SA. Evaluating the criterion validity of hierarchical psychopathology dimensions across models: Familial aggregation and associations with research domain criteria (sub)constructs. J Abnorm Psychol 2021; 130:575-586. [PMID: 34553953 DOI: 10.1037/abn0000687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) posits that psychopathology is a hierarchy of correlated dimensions. Numerous studies have examined the validity of these dimensions using bifactor models, in which each disorder loads onto both a general and specific factor (e.g., internalizing, externalizing). Although bifactor models tend to fit better than alternative models, concerns have been raised about bifactor model selection, factor reliability, and interpretability. Therefore, we compared the reliability and validity of several higher-order HiTOP dimensions between bifactor and correlated factor models using familial aggregation and associations with Research Domain Criteria (RDoC; sub)constructs as validators. Lifetime psychopathology was assessed in a community sample (N = 504) using dimensional disorder severity scales calculated from semistructured interview data. A series of unidimensional, correlated factor, and bifactor models were fit to model several HiTOP dimensions. A bifactor model with two specific factors (internalizing and disinhibited externalizing) and a correlated two-factor model provided the best fit to the data. HiTOP dimensions had adequate reliability in the correlated factor model, but suboptimal reliability in the bifactor model. The disinhibited externalizing dimension was highly correlated across the two models and was familial, yet largely unrelated to RDoC (sub)constructs in both models. The internalizing dimension in the correlated factor model and the general factor in the bifactor model were highly correlated and had similar validity patterns, suggesting the general factor was largely redundant with the internalizing dimension in the correlated factor model. These findings support concerns about the interpretability of psychopathology dimensions in bifactor models. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
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Thompson EC, Estabrook R, Krizman J, Smith S, Huang S, White-Schwoch T, Nicol T, Kraus N. Auditory neurophysiological development in early childhood: A growth curve modeling approach. Clin Neurophysiol 2021; 132:2110-2122. [PMID: 34284246 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2021.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE During early childhood, the development of communication skills, such as language and speech perception, relies in part on auditory system maturation. Because auditory behavioral tests engage cognition, mapping auditory maturation in the absence of cognitive influence remains a challenge. Furthermore, longitudinal investigations that capture auditory maturation within and between individuals in this age group are scarce. The goal of this study is to longitudinally measure auditory system maturation in early childhood using an objective approach. METHODS We collected frequency-following responses (FFR) to speech in 175 children, ages 3-8 years, annually for up to five years. The FFR is an objective measure of sound encoding that predominantly reflects auditory midbrain activity. Eliciting FFRs to speech provides rich details of various aspects of sound processing, namely, neural timing, spectral coding, and response stability. We used growth curve modeling to answer three questions: 1) does sound encoding change across childhood? 2) are there individual differences in sound encoding? and 3) are there individual differences in the development of sound encoding? RESULTS Subcortical auditory maturation develops linearly from 3-8 years. With age, FFRs became faster, more robust, and more consistent. Individual differences were evident in each aspect of sound processing, while individual differences in rates of change were observed for spectral coding alone. CONCLUSIONS By using an objective measure and a longitudinal approach, these results suggest subcortical auditory development continues throughout childhood, and that different facets of auditory processing follow distinct developmental trajectories. SIGNIFICANCE The present findings improve our understanding of auditory system development in typically-developing children, opening the door for future investigations of disordered sound processing in clinical populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine C Thompson
- Auditory Neuroscience Laboratory, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA; Department of Communication Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Ryne Estabrook
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jennifer Krizman
- Auditory Neuroscience Laboratory, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA; Department of Communication Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Spencer Smith
- Auditory Neuroscience Laboratory, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA; Department of Communication Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Stephanie Huang
- Auditory Neuroscience Laboratory, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Travis White-Schwoch
- Auditory Neuroscience Laboratory, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA; Department of Communication Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Trent Nicol
- Auditory Neuroscience Laboratory, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA; Department of Communication Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Nina Kraus
- Auditory Neuroscience Laboratory, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA; Department of Communication Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA; Institute for Neuroscience, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA; Department of Neurobiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA; Department of Otolaryngology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
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Aguayo L, Hernandez IG, Yasui M, Estabrook R, Anderson EL, Davis MM, Briggs-Gowan MJ, Wakschlag LS, Heard-Garris N. Cultural socialization in childhood: Analysis of parent-child conversations with a direct observation measure. J Fam Psychol 2021; 35:138-148. [PMID: 33871275 PMCID: PMC10201603 DOI: 10.1037/fam0000663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Cultural factors influence the development of all children. Yet, current knowledge of explicit cultural socialization processes in childhood remains limited, mainly by failing to incorporate the experiences of young children. To address this critical gap, the authors introduce the OMERS-Peds task, an observational measurement designed to systematically identify and compare the content of cultural messages passed down from caregivers to offspring during early school age years. The OMERS-Peds was administered to mothers and children (n = 275) from three diverse racial/ethnic backgrounds (African American (n = 153), Hispanic (n = 61), and non-Hispanic White (n = 61)) within the longitudinal Multidimensional Assessment of Preschoolers (MAPS) Study. The OMERS-Peds coding system was used to rate how strongly families endorsed 5 key constructs: family culture, religion, identity, ethnicity, and race. A series of χ2 statistic tests were used to compare scores across racial/ethnic backgrounds, and within families (between children and their mothers). Analyses revealed that in the cultural socialization conversations occurring in early childhood, parents and children prioritize talking about their family's culture and religion. Independent of their racial/ethnic backgrounds, mothers and children seldom discussed race and ethnicity. Contrary to research with older children, differences were mainly identified within families, rather than across racial/ethnic groups. Findings support the need to include children's perspectives in the assessments of cultural socialization, as opposed to relying primarily on parent reports, and highlight the importance of having an observational methodology that allows researchers to examine parent-child bidirectional interactions during early school age years in a systematic manner. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana Aguayo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States
- Mary Ann & J. Milburn Smith Child Health Research, Outreach, and Advocacy Center, Stanley Manne Children’s Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Iseli G. Hernandez
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Miwa Yasui
- School of Social Service Administration, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Ryne Estabrook
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Erica L. Anderson
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Matthew M. Davis
- Mary Ann & J. Milburn Smith Child Health Research, Outreach, and Advocacy Center, Stanley Manne Children’s Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | | | - Lauren S. Wakschlag
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States
- Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Nia Heard-Garris
- Mary Ann & J. Milburn Smith Child Health Research, Outreach, and Advocacy Center, Stanley Manne Children’s Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital, Chicago, Illinois, United States
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Penedo FJ, Fox RS, Oswald LB, Moreno PI, Boland CL, Estabrook R, McGinty HL, Mohr DC, Begale MJ, Dahn JR, Flury SC, Perry KT, Kundu SD, Yanez B. Technology-Based Psychosocial Intervention to Improve Quality of Life and Reduce Symptom Burden in Men with Advanced Prostate Cancer: Results from a Randomized Controlled Trial. Int J Behav Med 2020; 27:490-505. [PMID: 31898309 DOI: 10.1007/s12529-019-09839-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Men with advanced prostate cancer (APC) face multiple challenges including poor prognosis, poor health-related quality of life (HRQOL), and elevated symptom burden. This study sought to establish the efficacy of a tablet-delivered, group-based psychosocial intervention for improving HRQOL and reducing symptom burden in men with APC. We hypothesized that men randomized to cognitive-behavioral stress management (CBSM) would report improved HRQOL and reduced symptom burden relative to men randomized to an active control health promotion (HP) condition. Condition effects on intervention targets and moderators of these effects were explored. METHODS Men with APC (N = 192) were randomized (1:1) to 10-week tablet-delivered CBSM or HP, and followed for 1 year. Multilevel modeling was used to evaluate condition effects over time. RESULTS Changes in HRQOL and symptom burden did not differ between groups. Men in both groups improved across several intervention targets; men in the CBSM condition reported greater increases in self-reported ability to relax, and both conditions showed improvements in cancer-related anxiety, cancer-related distress, and feelings of cohesiveness with other patients over time. Moderating factors included baseline interpersonal disruption, fatigue, and sexual functioning. CONCLUSIONS Tablet-delivered CBSM and HP were well received by men with APC. The hypothesized effects of CBSM on HRQOL and symptom burden were not supported, though improvements in intervention targets were observed across conditions. Participants reported high-baseline HRQOL relative to cancer and general population norms, possibly limiting intervention effects. The identified moderating factors should be considered in the development and implementation of interventions targeting HRQOL and symptom burden. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03149185.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank J Penedo
- Departments of Psychology and Medicine, University of Miami, 5665 Ponce de Leon Boulevard, Flipse Building, 5th Floor, Coral Gables, FL, 33146, USA.
| | - Rina S Fox
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Laura B Oswald
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Patricia I Moreno
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Cody L Boland
- Departments of Psychology and Medicine, University of Miami, 5665 Ponce de Leon Boulevard, Flipse Building, 5th Floor, Coral Gables, FL, 33146, USA
| | - Ryne Estabrook
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Heather L McGinty
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - David C Mohr
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Jason R Dahn
- Mental Health and Behavioral Sciences Service, Miami Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Sarah C Flury
- Department of Urology, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kent T Perry
- Department of Urology, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Shilajit D Kundu
- Department of Urology, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Betina Yanez
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
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Wakschlag LS, Krogh-Jespersen S, Estabrook R, Hlutkowsky CO, Anderson EL, Burns J, Briggs-Gowan MJ, Petitclerc A, Perlman SB. Corrigendum to 'The Early Childhood Irritability-Related Impairment Interview (E-CRI): A Novel Method for Assessing Young Children's Developmentally Impairing Irritability' [Behavior Therapy 51(2) (2020) 294-309]. Behav Ther 2020; 51:670-673. [PMID: 32586438 DOI: 10.1016/j.beth.2020.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren S Wakschlag
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine and Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences.
| | - Sheila Krogh-Jespersen
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine and Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Amélie Petitclerc
- Northwestern University and Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences
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16
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Graham EK, Weston SJ, Gerstorf D, Yoneda TB, Booth T, Beam CR, Petkus AJ, Drewelies J, Hall AN, Bastarache ED, Estabrook R, Katz MJ, Turiano NA, Lindenberger U, Smith J, Wagner GG, Pedersen NL, Allemand M, Spiro A, Deeg DJH, Johansson B, Piccinin AM, Lipton RB, Schaie KW, Willis S, Reynolds CA, Deary IJ, Hofer SM, Mroczek DK. Trajectories of Big Five Personality Traits: A Coordinated Analysis of 16 Longitudinal Samples. Eur J Pers 2020; 34:301-321. [PMID: 33564207 DOI: 10.1002/per.2259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
This study assessed change in self-reported Big Five personality traits. We conducted a coordinated integrative data analysis using data from 16 longitudinal samples, comprising a total sample of over 60 000 participants. We coordinated models across multiple datasets and fit identical multi-level growth models to assess and compare the extent of trait change over time. Quadratic change was assessed in a subset of samples with four or more measurement occasions. Across studies, the linear trajectory models revealed declines in conscientiousness, extraversion, and openness. Non-linear models suggested late-life increases in neuroticism. Meta-analytic summaries indicated that the fixed effects of personality change are somewhat heterogeneous and that the variability in trait change is partially explained by sample age, country of origin, and personality measurement method. We also found mixed evidence for predictors of change, specifically for sex and baseline age. This study demonstrates the importance of coordinated conceptual replications for accelerating the accumulation of robust and reliable findings in the lifespan developmental psychological sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Denis Gerstorf
- Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany.,German Institute for Economic Research, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Tom Booth
- University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mindy J Katz
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY USA
| | | | | | | | - Gert G Wagner
- German Institute for Economic Research, Berlin, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin University of Technology, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Avron Spiro
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA USA.,Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA.,Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA USA
| | - Dorly J H Deeg
- VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Wakschlag LS, Krogh-Jespersen S, Estabrook R, Hlutkowsky CO, Anderson EL, Burns J, Briggs-Gowan MJ, Petitclerc A, Perlman SB. The Early Childhood Irritability-Related Impairment Interview (E-CRI): A Novel Method for Assessing Young Children's Developmentally Impairing Irritability. Behav Ther 2020; 51:294-309. [PMID: 32138939 PMCID: PMC10127521 DOI: 10.1016/j.beth.2019.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Irritability is a substrate of more than one dozen clinical syndromes. Thus, identifying when it is atypical and interfering with functioning is crucial to the prevention of mental disorder in the earliest phase of the clinical sequence. Advances in developmentally based measurement of irritability have enabled differentiation of normative irritable mood and tantrums from indicators of concern, beginning in infancy. However, developmentally sensitive assessments of irritability-related impairment are lacking. We introduce the Early Childhood Irritability-Related Impairment Interview (E-CRI), which assesses impairment associated with irritable mood and tantrums across contexts. Reliability and validity are established across two independent samples varied by developmental period: the Emotional Growth preschool sample (EmoGrow; N = 151, M = 4.82 years) and the When to Worry infant/toddler sample (W2W; N = 330, M = 14 months). We generated a well-fitting two-factor E-CRI model, with tantrum- and irritable mood-related impairment factors. The E-CRI exhibited good interrater, test-retest, and longitudinal reliability. Construct and clinical validity were also demonstrated. In both samples, E-CRI factors showed association to internalizing and externalizing problems, and to caregiver-reported concern in W2W. Tantrum-related impairment demonstrated stronger and more consistent explanatory value across outcomes, while mood-related impairment added explanatory utility for internalizing problems. The E-CRI also showed incremental utility beyond variance explained by the Family Life Impairment Scale (FLIS) survey indicator of developmental impairment. The E-CRI holds promise as an indicator of impairment to inform identification of typical versus atypical patterns reflecting early emerging irritability-related syndromes in the initial phase of the clinical sequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren S Wakschlag
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine and Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences.
| | - Sheila Krogh-Jespersen
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine and Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Amélie Petitclerc
- Northwestern University and Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences
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18
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Greene CA, McCarthy KJ, Estabrook R, Wakschlag LS, Briggs-Gowa MJ. Responsive Parenting Buffers the Impact of Maternal PTSD on Young Children. Parent Sci Pract 2020; 20:141-165. [PMID: 33716579 PMCID: PMC7954133 DOI: 10.1080/15295192.2019.1707623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigates maternal responsive parenting behaviors as a theorized buffer to the detrimental impact of maternal PTSD symptoms on young children's depression and anxiety symptoms, disruptive behavior, and stress-related symptoms. DESIGN A multi-ethnic sample of 242 trauma-exposed mothers and their preschool-aged children was assessed. Maternal responsive parenting behaviors were observed during standardized parent-child interactions. Maternal and child mental health symptoms were reported by mothers. RESULTS Maternal PTSD symptoms were associated with their responsive parenting behaviors and predicted children's mental health symptoms. Responsive parenting was inversely associated with children's depression and stress-related symptoms. Moderation analyses revealed an interactive effect of maternal symptoms and responsive parenting on preschool children's disruptive behavior and stress-related symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Responsive parenting behaviors can mitigate the ill effects of maternal PTSD symptoms. Nurturing relationships buffer the impact of maternal PTSD. Helping parents' to sensitively respond to their young children's distress can support positive outcomes in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn A Greene
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, 65 Kane Street, West Hartford, Connecticut 06119
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Abstract
Gerontological research focuses on longer timescales and different data sources than many other areas of behavioral and medical science. It is further important that gerontology rise to respond to the reproducibility revolution and engage in open and replicable science. However, most of the recent emphases on replication come from fields where data collection takes weeks or months, not the years or decades common to gerontological studies. The goal of this paper is to review existing recommendations for carrying out open science and tailor them to the needs of gerontological and longitudinal research. By being more transparent in our procedures and analytic decisions, replicating internally and externally to existing data, and better integrating our work with that of cutting-edge statistical methods, we can create more open and reproducible gerontological research. In doing so, our conclusions will be more accurate, more interpretable, and easier to disseminate to researchers and practitioners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryne Estabrook
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA,
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20
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Heard-Garris N, Davis MM, Estabrook R, Burns J, Briggs-Gowan M, Allen N, Carnethon M, Aguayo L, Wakschlag L, Penedo F. Adverse childhood experiences and biomarkers of inflammation in a diverse cohort of early school-aged children. Brain Behav Immun Health 2020; 1:100006. [PMID: 38377426 PMCID: PMC8474684 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2019.100006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between ACEs and inflammatory profiles (i.e., pro- and anti-) in early childhood and to examine whether patterns differ for racial/ethnic subgroups. Study design Using longitudinal data from the Multidimensional Assessment of Preschoolers Study (MAPS) (N = 122), we examined the relationship between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) beginning at birth, C -reactive protein (CRP), and both pro-inflammatory (i.e., IL-1 β, IL-6, TNF, and CRP) and anti-inflammatory (i.e. IL-4 and IL-10) biomarkers during early school age (ages 6-8 years). Results No children in the sample were reported to have experienced 0 ACES, 7% had 1 ACE, 51% had 2-3 ACEs, and 42% had 4 or more ACEs accumulated by the early school-age wave (ESA). There were no significant associations between cumulative ACEs and inflammatory markers. However, parental substance abuse, a specific ACE, was positively correlated with a pro-inflammatory profile at early school age (r = 0.18, p<.05). Specifically, substance abuse as an ACE was associated with higher levels of pro-inflammatory markers such as IL-1 β and IL-6. Additionally, Hispanics with ACEs had higher levels of CRP than Black and white individuals. Conclusions Children with histories of ACEs, especially those with parental substance abuse, may have higher levels of inflammation. Better understanding the role of inflammation in the development of chronic diseases for individuals with ACEs may allow earlier identification and prevention of disease during childhood for those at the highest risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nia Heard-Garris
- Division of Academic General Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, 225 E. Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 225 E. Chicago Avenue, Box 86, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Mary Ann & J. Milburn Smith Child Health Research, Outreach, and Advocacy Center, Stanley Manne Children’s Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, 303 E. Superior St. Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Matthew M. Davis
- Division of Academic General Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, 225 E. Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 225 E. Chicago Avenue, Box 86, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Mary Ann & J. Milburn Smith Child Health Research, Outreach, and Advocacy Center, Stanley Manne Children’s Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, 303 E. Superior St. Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Departments of Medicine, Medical Social Sciences, and Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 676 N St. Clair Street Arkes Pavilion, Suite 2300, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Ryne Estabrook
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 633 N. St. Clair St, 19th Floor, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - James Burns
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 633 N. St. Clair St, 19th Floor, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Margaret Briggs-Gowan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT, 06030-1410, USA
| | - Norrina Allen
- Departments of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 680 N. Lake Shore Dr. Suite 1400, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Mercedes Carnethon
- Departments of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 680 N. Lake Shore Dr. Suite 1400, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Liliana Aguayo
- Division of Academic General Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, 225 E. Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Departments of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 680 N. Lake Shore Dr. Suite 1400, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Lauren Wakschlag
- Institute for Innovations in Developmental Science, Northwestern University, 633 N. St. Clair, Suite 19-041, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Departments of Medical Social Sciences, Pediatrics, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine and Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences, Northwestern University, 633 N. St. Clair St., 19th Floor, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Frank Penedo
- Departments of Psychology and Medicine, University of Miami, Florida, P.O. Box 248185, Coral Gables, FL, 33124, USA
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21
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Luby J, Allen N, Estabrook R, Pine DS, Rogers C, Krogh-Jespersen S, Norton ES, Wakschlag L. Mapping infant neurodevelopmental precursors of mental disorders: How synthetic cohorts & computational approaches can be used to enhance prediction of early childhood psychopathology. Behav Res Ther 2019; 123:103484. [PMID: 31734549 PMCID: PMC7667707 DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2019.103484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Bridging advances in neurodevelopmental assessment and the established onset of common psychopathologies in early childhood with epidemiological data science and computational methods holds much promise for identifying risk for mental disorders as early as infancy. In particular, we propose the development of a mental health risk algorithm for the early detection of mental disorders with the potential for high public health impact that applies and adapts methods innovated in and successfully applied to early detection of cardiovascular risk. Specifically, we propose methods to advance risk prediction of early developmental psychopathology by creating synthetic cohorts that contain complete behavioral and neural data in the first years of life, as the basis for a robust and generalizable risk algorithm. The application of computational approaches within synthetic cohorts, an approach increasingly applied in psychiatry, may be particularly well suited to advancing risk prediction in early childhood mental health. We propose new research directions using these methods to generate an early childhood mental health risk calculator that could significantly advance early mental health risk detection to direct preventive intervention and/or need for more intensive assessment within a pragmatic framework for maximal clinical utility. The availability of such a tool in early childhood, a period of high neuroplasticity, holds promise to reduce the burden of mental disorder by identifying risk early in the clinical sequence and delivering prevention that targets the neurodevelopmental vulnerability phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Luby
- Washington University School of Medicine, 4444 Forest Park Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63108, USA.
| | - Norrina Allen
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine & Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, 633 N. St Clair, 19th Floor, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Ryne Estabrook
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine & Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, 633 N. St Clair, 19th Floor, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Daniel S Pine
- National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) Intramural Research Program, Building 15K, Room 110, MSC 2670, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Cynthia Rogers
- Washington University School of Medicine, 4444 Forest Park Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63108, USA
| | - Sheila Krogh-Jespersen
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine & Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, 633 N. St Clair, 19th Floor, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Elizabeth S Norton
- Northwestern University, Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, 2240 Campus Drive, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Lauren Wakschlag
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine & Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, 633 N. St Clair, 19th Floor, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
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22
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Bastarache ED, Graham EK, Estabrook R, Ong A, Piccinin A, Hofer S, Spiro III A, Mroczek DK. TRAJECTORIES OF POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE AFFECT: A COORDINATED ANALYSIS OF 11 LONGITUDINAL SAMPLES. Innov Aging 2019. [PMCID: PMC6841161 DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igz038.2563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This study assessed age-graded change in positive and negative affect over decades of the lifespan. We conducted a coordinated integrative data analysis (IDA) using data from 11 longitudinal samples, comprising a total of 74076 respondents, spanning the ages of 11 to 106. Positive and negative affect were measured using the CES-D in 8 studies, the PANAS in 3 studies, and the MIDI scale in the MIDUS with three to eleven measurement occasions across studies. To assess and compare the extent and nature of change in affect over time across studies, analyses were coordinated, deploying identical multi-level growth models on each dataset. The curvilinear models suggested PA was best characterized by an inverted U-shaped trajectory, peaking in the mid-to-late 50s, while change in NA was best described by a U-shaped curve, bottoming out in the late 60s. We also found measure-related differences in the proportion of variance in affect attributable to within- or between person differences; The majority of the variability in CES-D-assessed affect was attributable to within-person differences over time, while the variability in PANAS-assessed affect was predominantly attributable to between-person differences. Overall, the results did not support steady improvement of emotional experience over the entire life-course as previous studies have suggested, but show promise for midlife when PA peaks and NA bottoms out. This study demonstrates the value of coordinated conceptual replications, resolving some of the mixed findings in the literature regarding age-graded change in affect and enhancing the current understanding of the longitudinal affect phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ryne Estabrook
- Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Anthony Ong
- Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States
| | | | - Scott Hofer
- University of Victoria, Victoria, B.C., United States
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23
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Manning BL, Roberts MY, Estabrook R, Petitclerc A, Burns JL, Briggs-Gowan M, Wakschlag LS, Norton ES. Relations Between Toddler Expressive Language and Temper Tantrums in a Community Sample. J Appl Dev Psychol 2019; 65:101070. [PMID: 33707806 PMCID: PMC7946112 DOI: 10.1016/j.appdev.2019.101070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the frequent clinical observation that toddlers with less expressive language have more severe temper tantrums. A representative sample of 2,001 mothers reported on their toddler's expressive vocabulary and frequency of different temper tantrum behaviors, a prominent feature of irritability and an emergent marker of mental health risk. Results revealed that 12- to 38-month-olds with fewer spoken words demonstrated more severe (frequent and dysregulated) temper tantrums. Toddlers who were late talkers at 24-30 months also had more severe tantrums; their relative risk of having severe tantrums was 1.96 times greater than peers with typical language. These results are the first to show that language and temper tantrums are related, and that this relation is present in the second year of life. These findings point to the importance of assessing both language and mental health risk in order to promote earlier identification and intervention for early childhood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany L. Manning
- Roxelyn and Richard Pepper Department of Communication
Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Megan Y. Roberts
- Roxelyn and Richard Pepper Department of Communication
Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
- Northwestern University Institute for Innovations in
Developmental Sciences, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of
Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ryne Estabrook
- Northwestern University Institute for Innovations in
Developmental Sciences, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of
Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Amélie Petitclerc
- Northwestern University Institute for Innovations in
Developmental Sciences, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of
Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - James L. Burns
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of
Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Margaret Briggs-Gowan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut School
of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Lauren S. Wakschlag
- Northwestern University Institute for Innovations in
Developmental Sciences, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of
Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University,
Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Elizabeth S. Norton
- Roxelyn and Richard Pepper Department of Communication
Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
- Northwestern University Institute for Innovations in
Developmental Sciences, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of
Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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24
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Thompson EC, Krizman J, White-Schwoch T, Nicol T, Estabrook R, Kraus N. Neurophysiological, linguistic, and cognitive predictors of children's ability to perceive speech in noise. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2019; 39:100672. [PMID: 31430627 PMCID: PMC6886664 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2019.100672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hearing in noisy environments is a complicated task that engages attention, memory, linguistic knowledge, and precise auditory-neurophysiological processing of sound. Accumulating evidence in school-aged children and adults suggests these mechanisms vary with the task’s demands. For instance, co-located speech and noise demands a large cognitive load and recruits working memory, while spatially separating speech and noise diminishes this load and draws on alternative skills. Past research has focused on one or two mechanisms underlying speech-in-noise perception in isolation; few studies have considered multiple factors in tandem, or how they interact during critical developmental years. This project sought to test complementary hypotheses involving neurophysiological, cognitive, and linguistic processes supporting speech-in-noise perception in young children under different masking conditions (co-located, spatially separated). Structural equation modeling was used to identify latent constructs and examine their contributions as predictors. Results reveal cognitive and language skills operate as a single factor supporting speech-in-noise perception under different masking conditions. While neural coding of the F0 supports perception in both co-located and spatially separated conditions, neural timing predicts perception of spatially separated listening exclusively. Together, these results suggest co-located and spatially separated speech-in-noise perception draw on similar cognitive/linguistic skills, but distinct neural factors, in early childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine C Thompson
- Auditory Neuroscience Laboratory, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA; Department of Communication Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Jennifer Krizman
- Auditory Neuroscience Laboratory, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA; Department of Communication Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Travis White-Schwoch
- Auditory Neuroscience Laboratory, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA; Department of Communication Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Trent Nicol
- Auditory Neuroscience Laboratory, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA; Department of Communication Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Ryne Estabrook
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Nina Kraus
- Auditory Neuroscience Laboratory, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA; Department of Communication Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA; Institute for Neuroscience, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA; Department of Neurobiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA; Department of Otolaryngology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
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25
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Fox RS, Moreno PI, Yanez B, Estabrook R, Thomas J, Bouchard LC, McGinty HL, Mohr DC, Begale MJ, Flury SC, Perry KT, Kundu SD, Penedo FJ. Integrating PROMIS® computerized adaptive tests into a web-based intervention for prostate cancer. Health Psychol 2019; 38:403-409. [PMID: 31045423 DOI: 10.1037/hea0000672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study outlined the implementation and feasibility of delivering PROMIS® computer adaptive tests (CATs) using a web-based method to evaluate the impact of a technological adaptation of Cognitive-Behavioral Stress Management (CBSM) on the psychosocial functioning of men with advanced prostate cancer (APC) undergoing hormone therapy. METHOD Patients were randomized to a CBSM group intervention (n = 95) or a health promotion (HP) attention-matched control condition (n = 97). Participants attended all sessions via video conference using tablets, and completed PROMIS® computer adaptive tests (CATs) assessing anxiety, depression, fatigue, pain interference, and physical function weekly during the 10-week intervention. RESULTS Assessment completion rates >50% at week 1 and week 10 demonstrated moderate feasibility of repeatedly administering PROMIS® CATs using a web-based method. Multilevel modeling demonstrated no significant group-by-time interactions from week 1 to week 10 for any of the assessed PROMIS® domains adjusting for sociodemographic and medical covariates. However, simple effects demonstrated decreases in PROMIS® anxiety scores from week 1 to 10 for both groups. Results also demonstrated significant relationships of medical variables to psychosocial functioning across time points. CONCLUSIONS Results highlight the feasibility and benefits of utilizing PROMIS® CATs to repeatedly assess psychosocial functioning using a web-based method and indicate that web-based interventions may be effective for decreasing psychosocial distress and adverse symptoms among men with APC undergoing hormone therapy. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rina S Fox
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
| | - Patricia I Moreno
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
| | - Betina Yanez
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
| | - Ryne Estabrook
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
| | - Jessica Thomas
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
| | - Laura C Bouchard
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
| | - Heather L McGinty
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center
| | - David C Mohr
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
| | | | - Sarah C Flury
- Department of Urology, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
| | - Kent T Perry
- Department of Urology, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
| | - Shilajit D Kundu
- Department of Urology, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
| | - Frank J Penedo
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
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26
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Dirks MA, Recchia HE, Estabrook R, Howe N, Petitclerc A, Burns JL, Briggs-Gowan ML, Wakschlag LS. Differentiating typical from atypical perpetration of sibling-directed aggression during the preschool years. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2019; 60:267-276. [PMID: 29963711 PMCID: PMC7036266 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.12939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sibling aggression is common and often viewed as benign. Although sibling aggression can be harmful for the victims, it may also be a marker of clinical risk for the aggressor. We differentiated typical from atypical levels of perpetration of sibling-directed aggression among preschoolers, a developmental period in which aggression is a normative misbehavior, by (a) identifying how frequently aggressive behaviors targeted at a sibling must occur to be psychometrically atypical; (b) mapping the dimensional spectrum of sibling-directed aggression from typical, more commonly occurring behaviors to rarer, more atypical, actions; and (c) comparing the psychometric atypicality and typical-to-atypical spectrum of sibling-directed aggression and peer-directed aggression. METHODS Parents (N = 1,524) of 3- (39.2%), 4-(36.7%), and 5-(24.1%) year-olds (51.9% girls, 41.1% African-American, 31.9% Hispanic; 44.0% below the federal poverty line) completed the MAP-DB, which assesses how often children engage in aggressive behaviors. We used item-response theory (IRT) to address our objectives. RESULTS Most aggressive behaviors toward siblings were psychometrically atypical when they occurred 'most days' or more; in contrast, most behaviors targeted at peers were atypical when they occurred 'some days' or more. With siblings, relational aggression was more atypical than verbal aggression, whereas with peers, both relational and physical aggression were more atypical than verbal aggression. In both relationships, the most typical behavior was a verbally aggressive action. Results were broadly replicated in a second, independent sample. CONCLUSIONS These findings are a first step toward specifying features of sibling aggression that are markers of clinical risk and belie the notion that sibling aggression is inherently normative.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ryne Estabrook
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, and Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Nina Howe
- Department of Education, Concordia University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Amelie Petitclerc
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, and Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - James L. Burns
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, and Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | | | - Lauren S. Wakschlag
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, and Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
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27
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Kaat AJ, Blackwell CK, Estabrook R, Burns JL, Petitclerc A, Briggs-Gowan MJ, Gershon RC, Cella D, Perlman SB, Wakschlag LS. Linking the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) with the Multidimensional Assessment Profile of Disruptive Behavior (MAP-DB): Advancing a dimensional spectrum approach to disruptive behavior. J Child Fam Stud 2019; 28:343-353. [PMID: 31452592 PMCID: PMC6709983 DOI: 10.1007/s10826-018-1272-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Disruptive behavior in childhood is common. It spans from normative child misbehaviors to clinically-significant and impairing problems. While there are many rating scales evaluating such behaviors, historically, measurement has emphasized counting the number of symptoms present rather than assessing the normal-abnormal spectrum of behavioral expression. This study uses data from 644 early school age children aggregated from two data sources to statistically link a commonly used symptom count measure, the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), to a more developmentally-sensitive measure, the Multidimensional Assessment Profile of Disruptive Behavior (MAP-DB). Two links between conceptually similar scales on each measure were developed: CBCL Conduct Problems and MAP-DB Aggression; and CBCL Oppositional Defiant Problems and MAP-DB Temper Loss. We compared two innovative methods-Item Response Theory (IRT) and Deming regression-to determine the optimal linking relationship. Results suggest IRT methods were superior in reducing linking error compared to Deming regression. While Deming regression accurately modeled the mean scores (thus minimizing linking bias), this method could not adequately address the floor effect for scores on the CBCL. For practical purposes, this study provides a crosswalk of score conversions between the CBCL and MAP-DB, such that data aggregation and group comparisons can be made across the two measures; this enables longitudinal analyses with historically-collected CBCL data to transition to the more innovative dimensional scales of the MAP-DB without undo loss of extant data. This study furthers efforts to shift from historical symptom counts to more developmentally-sensitive measurement across the disruptive behaviors spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron J Kaat
- Northwestern University Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine and the Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, Chicago, IL
| | - Courtney K Blackwell
- Northwestern University Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine and the Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, Chicago, IL
| | - Ryne Estabrook
- Northwestern University Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine and the Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, Chicago, IL
| | - James L Burns
- Northwestern University Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine and the Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, Chicago, IL
| | - Amelie Petitclerc
- Northwestern University Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine and the Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, Chicago, IL
| | | | - Richard C Gershon
- Northwestern University Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine and the Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, Chicago, IL
| | - David Cella
- Northwestern University Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine and the Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, Chicago, IL
| | - Susan B Perlman
- University of Pittsburgh Department of Psychiatry, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Lauren S Wakschlag
- Northwestern University Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine and the Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, Chicago, IL
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28
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Briggs-Gowan MJ, Estabrook R, Henry D, Grasso DG, Burns J, McCarthy KJ, Pollak SJ, Wakschlag LS. Parsing dimensions of family violence exposure in early childhood: Shared and specific contributions to emergent psychopathology and impairment. Child Abuse Negl 2019; 87:100-111. [PMID: 30150105 PMCID: PMC7328511 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2018.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Early childhood exposure to family violence predicts increased risk for psychopathology. However, violence between partners and towards children often co-occur. This complicates efforts to determine how experiences of family violence contribute to early mental health problems. Utilizing mother-report data on harsh parenting and intimate partner violence (IPV) from two large community-based, socioeconomically and ethnically diverse samples of 3-5-year-old children, we illustrate the value of a bifactor method for characterizing a family climate in which verbal and physical violence are more chronic and pervasive among family members. In our Calibration sample (N = 1,179), we demonstrate the fit of a bifactor model with a shared violence factor reflecting violence among partners and towards children and orthogonal factors for physically harsh parenting and IPV. Examination of item distributions along quartiles on the identified factors reveals that violent behaviors are most frequent/chronic in families with high scores on the shared violence factor. Next, we apply this model in Validation (N = 1,316) and lab-visit samples (N = 369). Children's symptoms and impairment showed relatively strong and consistent associations with the shared factor. Some unique associations with IPV and harsh parenting were also observed. Overall, patterns suggest particularly negative impact when verbal and physical violence are more chronic and pervasive among family members. Finally, evidence supporting the bifactor model's validity relative to multi-method data from coded interviews about child abuse and IPV and observed parenting is presented. Findings illustrate the value of a bifactor approach for the meaningful characterization of shared and specific features of family violence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret J Briggs-Gowan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, United States.
| | - Ryne Estabrook
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - David Henry
- Posthumously, University of Illinois - Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Damion G Grasso
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - James Burns
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Kimberly J McCarthy
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, United States
| | - Seth J Pollak
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Lauren S Wakschlag
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
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29
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Roberts MY, Stern Y, Hampton LH, Grauzer JM, Miller A, Levin A, Kornfeld B, Davis MM, Kaat A, Estabrook R. Beyond pass-fail: Examining the potential utility of two thresholds in the autism screening process. Autism Res 2018; 12:112-122. [PMID: 30556302 DOI: 10.1002/aur.2045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Access to early intervention as early in development as possible is critical to maximizing long-term outcomes for children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). However, despite the fact that ASD can be reliably diagnosed by 24 months, the average age of diagnosis is 2 years later. Waitlists for specialized developmental evaluations are one barrier to early diagnosis. The purpose of this study was to examine one potential approach to reducing wait time for an ASD diagnostic evaluation by examining the utility of using more than one threshold for an autism screening tool, the Screening Tool for Autism in Toddlers and Young Children (STAT). Participants included 171 children between 24 and 36 months of age who received a medical diagnostic evaluation through Illinois' Early Intervention Program. This study directly compared the performance of the STAT when scored: (a) using the original single threshold, (b) using seven equally weighted items using a single threshold, and (c) using all items differentially weighted based on how strongly that item predicts a later ASD diagnosis. In addition, this study explored the potential utility of using two thresholds rather than a single threshold for each scoring method. Results of this study suggest that using a two-threshold logistic regression method has potential psychometric advantages over a single threshold and categorical scoring. Using this approach may reduce the wait time for specialty ASD diagnostic evaluations by maximizing true negatives and true positives, such that specialty evaluations may be reserved for those cases that are more ambiguous or more complex. Autism Research 2019, 12: 112-122. © 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: This study examined the benefits of using two versus one cutoff score when screening for autism. Results indicate that having two scores and weighting test items based on predictive association with an autism diagnosis is better than using a single score and weighting each item equally. Using such an approach may reduce the wait time for specialty autism diagnostic evaluations, such that specialty evaluations may be reserved for those cases that are more ambiguous or more complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Y Roberts
- Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois.,Northwestern University Center for Audiology, Speech, Language, and Learning, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Yael Stern
- Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois
| | | | | | - Amanda Miller
- Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois.,Northwestern University Center for Audiology, Speech, Language, and Learning, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Amy Levin
- Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois.,Northwestern University Center for Audiology, Speech, Language, and Learning, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Benjamin Kornfeld
- Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois.,Northwestern University Center for Audiology, Speech, Language, and Learning, Evanston, Illinois.,Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Matthew M Davis
- Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois.,Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Aaron Kaat
- Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois
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30
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Moreno PI, Ramirez AG, San Miguel-Majors SL, Castillo L, Fox RS, Gallion KJ, Munoz E, Estabrook R, Perez A, Lad T, Hollowell C, Penedo FJ. Unmet supportive care needs in Hispanic/Latino cancer survivors: prevalence and associations with patient-provider communication, satisfaction with cancer care, and symptom burden. Support Care Cancer 2018; 27:1383-1394. [PMID: 30136022 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-018-4426-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to elucidate the prevalence of unmet supportive care needs in Hispanic/Latino cancer survivors and examine the association between unmet needs and patient-provider communication, satisfaction with cancer care, and cancer-specific symptom burden. METHODS Hispanics/Latinos diagnosed with breast, prostate, or colorectal cancer within 15 months of treatment completion (n = 288) completed questionnaires as part of an NCI-funded project. RESULTS Hispanic/Latino cancer survivors reported greater unmet needs compared to previously published norms in primarily non-Hispanic/Latino white samples. Across the three cancer types, the two most common unmet needs were in the psychological domain: fear of metastasis (32.6%) and concern for close others (31.3%). However, unmet needs varied by cancer type. Factors associated with greater unmet needs included more recent cancer diagnosis (OR .98 [.96-.99]), younger age (OR .96-.97 [.93-.99]), female gender (OR 2.53-3.75 [1.53-7.36]), and being single (OR 1.82 [1.11-2.97]). Breast cancer survivors reported greater unmet needs than both prostate and colorectal cancer survivors (OR 2.33-5.86 [1.27-14.01]). Adjusting for sociodemographic and medical covariates, unmet needs were associated with lower patient-provider communication self-efficacy (B = - .18-- .22, p's < .01) and satisfaction with cancer care (B = - 3.57-- 3.81, p's < .05), and greater breast (B = - 4.18-- 8.30, p's < .01) and prostate (B = - 6.01-- 8.13, p's < .01) cancer-specific symptom burden. CONCLUSIONS Findings document unmet supportive care needs in Hispanic/Latino cancer survivors and suggest that reducing unmet needs in Hispanic/Latino cancer survivors may improve not only satisfaction with care, but also health-related quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia I Moreno
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Amelie G Ramirez
- Institute for Health Promotion Research, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | - Leopoldo Castillo
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Rina S Fox
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kipling J Gallion
- Institute for Health Promotion Research, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Edgar Munoz
- Institute for Health Promotion Research, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Ryne Estabrook
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Arely Perez
- Institute for Health Promotion Research, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Thomas Lad
- Department of Oncology, Cook County Health and Hospital Systems, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Courtney Hollowell
- Department of Urologic Surgery, Cook County Health and Hospital Systems, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Frank J Penedo
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
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Estabrook R, Cella D, Zhao F, Manola J, DiPaola RS, Wagner LI, Haas NB. Longitudinal and dynamic measurement invariance of the FACIT-Fatigue scale: an application of the measurement model of derivatives to ECOG-ACRIN study E2805. Qual Life Res 2018; 27:1589-1597. [PMID: 29508208 PMCID: PMC6004788 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-018-1817-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE While quality of life measures may be used to assess meaningful change and group differences, their scaling and validation often rely on a single occasion of measurement. Using the 13-item FACIT-Fatigue questionnaire at three timepoints, this study tests whether individual items change together in ways consistent with a general fatigue factor. METHODS The measurement model of derivatives (MMOD) is a novel method for measurement evaluation that directly assesses whether a given factor structure accurately describes how individual test items change over time. MMOD transforms item-level longitudinal data into a set of orthogonal change scores, each one representing either a within-person longitudinal mean or a different type of longitudinal change. These change scores are then factor analyzed and tested for invariance. This approach is applied to the FACIT-Fatigue scale in a sample of patients with renal cell carcinoma treated on 'ECOG-ACRIN Cancer Research Group (ECOG-ACRIN) study 2805. RESULTS Analyses revealed strong evidence of unidimensionality, and apparent factorial invariance using traditional techniques. MMOD revealed a small but statistically significant difference in factor structure ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]), where factor loadings were weaker and more variable for measuring longitudinal change. CONCLUSIONS The differences in factor structure were not large enough to substantially affect scale usage in this application, but they do reveal some variability across items in the FACIT-Fatigue in their ability to detect change. Future applications should consider differential sensitivity of individual items in multi-item scales, and perhaps even capitalize upon these differences by selecting items that are more sensitive to change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryne Estabrook
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - David Cella
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | | | | | - Lynne I Wagner
- Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Naomi B Haas
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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32
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Wiggins JL, Briggs-Gowan MJ, Estabrook R, Brotman MA, Pine DS, Leibenluft E, Wakschlag LS. Identifying Clinically Significant Irritability in Early Childhood. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2018; 57:191-199.e2. [PMID: 29496128 PMCID: PMC5860673 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2017.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Advances in developmentally sensitive measurement have enabled differentiation of normative versus clinically salient irritability in early childhood. However, clinical application of these measures is still nascent. The authors developed an optimized model of clinically salient irritable behaviors at preschool age. Based on this model, the authors derived an empirically based cutoff in relation to concurrent DSM-5 irritability-related disorders (i.e., oppositional defiant disorder, disruptive mood dysregulation disorder, other depressive disorders) and used longitudinal models to test the predictive validity of the cutoff for impairment and irritability trajectories and later DSM disorders. METHOD Preschool children oversampled for irritability were followed over 3 time points into early school age (N = 425; mean age at baseline 4.7 years, mean follow-up 2.9 years). Mothers reported on children's irritability using the developmentally validated Multidimensional Assessment of Profile of Disruptive Behavior (MAP-DB) Temper Loss scale, impairment using the Family Life Impairment Scale, and DSM categories using the Preschool Age Psychiatric Assessment and the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia-Present and Lifetime Version. RESULTS Of 22 MAP-DB Temper Loss behaviors, 2 behaviors-1 normative (easily frustrated) and 1 rare dysregulated (destructive tantrums)-were uniquely related to cross-domain impairment. At baseline, these 2 irritability items identified diagnostic status (oppositional defiant disorder, disruptive mood dysregulation disorder, other depressive disorders) with good sensitivity (70-73%) and specificity (74-83%). Children above the irritability cutoff at baseline also exhibited more persistent irritability and impairment and greater likelihood of DSM disorders in early school age. CONCLUSION Clinical identification of early-onset irritability can be enhanced using brief, developmentally optimized indicators. Further research to apply these findings to tiered early intervention is important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jillian Lee Wiggins
- San Diego State University and the San Diego State University/University of California-San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology.
| | | | - Ryne Estabrook
- Feinberg School of Medicine and Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL
| | - Melissa A. Brotman
- Emotion and Development Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD
| | - Daniel S. Pine
- Emotion and Development Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD
| | - Ellen Leibenluft
- Emotion and Development Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD
| | - Lauren S. Wakschlag
- Feinberg School of Medicine and Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL. Institute for Policy Research at Northwestern
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33
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Moreno PI, Ramirez AG, San Miguel-Majors SL, Fox RS, Castillo L, Gallion KJ, Munoz E, Estabrook R, Perez A, Lad T, Hollowell C, Penedo FJ. Satisfaction with cancer care, self-efficacy, and health-related quality of life in Latino cancer survivors. Cancer 2018; 124:1770-1779. [PMID: 29390165 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.31263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of the current study was to examine how modifiable factors such as satisfaction with cancer care and self-efficacy impact health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among Latino cancer survivors. METHODS Latinos previously diagnosed with breast, prostate, or colorectal cancer (N = 288) completed questionnaires (Patient Satisfaction with Cancer Care Scale, Stanford Chronic Disease Self-Management Measures, Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General, and Short Acculturation Scale for Hispanics) within 2 years after receiving primary cancer treatment. RESULTS Path model analyses demonstrated that satisfaction with cancer care was associated with greater HRQOL and that this relationship was explained by several facets of self-efficacy (ie, confidence in managing psychological distress [z = 3.81; P<.001], social support from close others [z = 2.46; P = .014], social/recreational activities [z = 3.30; P = .001], and patient-provider communication [z = -3.72; P<.001]). Importantly, foreign-born, less acculturated, and monolingual Spanish-speaking survivors reported lower self-efficacy in patient-provider communication; however, adjusting for acculturation, language, nativity, and other covariates did not alter these results. CONCLUSIONS Factors that contribute to disparities in HRQOL among Latino cancer survivors compared with non-Latino whites, such as low income, less education, and a lack of health insurance, can be difficult to address. The findings of the current study emphasize the importance of self-efficacy within the context of patient-centered cancer care practices (eg, patient inclusion in care decisions, sufficient time with provider, ready access to medical advice) and suggest that improving satisfaction with care may increase patients' confidence in managing important aspects of their cancer experience and, in turn, improve HRQOL among Latino cancer survivors. Cancer 2018. © 2018 American Cancer Society. Cancer 2018;124:1770-9. © 2018 American Cancer Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia I Moreno
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Amelie G Ramirez
- Institute for Health Promotion Research, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | | | - Rina S Fox
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Leopoldo Castillo
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Kipling J Gallion
- Institute for Health Promotion Research, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Edgar Munoz
- Institute for Health Promotion Research, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Ryne Estabrook
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Arely Perez
- Institute for Health Promotion Research, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Thomas Lad
- Department of Oncology, Cook County Health and Hospital Systems, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Courtney Hollowell
- Department of Urologic Surgery, Cook County Health and Hospital Systems, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Frank J Penedo
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
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Curtis PR, Kaiser AP, Estabrook R, Roberts MY. The Longitudinal Effects of Early Language Intervention on Children's Problem Behaviors. Child Dev 2017; 90:576-592. [PMID: 28872672 DOI: 10.1111/cdev.12942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Researchers examined whether a parent-implemented language intervention improved problem behaviors 1 year after intervention. Ninety-seven children with language delays (mean age at 12-month follow-up = 48.22 months) were randomized to receive Enhanced Milieu Teaching (EMT) language intervention or business as usual treatment. Twelve months after the intervention ended, children in the EMT intervention condition displayed lower rates of parent-reported externalizing, internalizing, and total problem behaviors. A mediation analysis revealed that the relation between EMT and problem behaviors was partially mediated by child rate of communication for both internalizing and total problem behaviors. A developmental framework is proposed to explain the impact of EMT on problem behaviors, and future lines of research are discussed.
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35
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Wu H, Estabrook R. Identification of Confirmatory Factor Analysis Models of Different Levels of Invariance for Ordered Categorical Outcomes. Psychometrika 2016; 81:1014-1045. [PMID: 27402166 PMCID: PMC5458787 DOI: 10.1007/s11336-016-9506-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
This article considers the identification conditions of confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) models for ordered categorical outcomes with invariance of different types of parameters across groups. The current practice of invariance testing is to first identify a model with only configural invariance and then test the invariance of parameters based on this identified baseline model. This approach is not optimal because different identification conditions on this baseline model identify the scales of latent continuous responses in different ways. Once an invariance condition is imposed on a parameter, these identification conditions may become restrictions and define statistically non-equivalent models, leading to different conclusions. By analyzing the transformation that leaves the model-implied probabilities of response patterns unchanged, we give identification conditions for models with invariance of different types of parameters without referring to a specific parametrization of the baseline model. Tests based on this approach have the advantage that they do not depend on the specific identification condition chosen for the baseline model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wu
- Boston College, Chestnut Hill, USA.
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36
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Newcomb ME, Swann G, Estabrook R, Corden M, Begale M, Ashbeck A, Mohr D, Mustanski B. Patterns and Predictors of Compliance in a Prospective Diary Study of Substance Use and Sexual Behavior in a Sample of Young Men Who Have Sex With Men. Assessment 2016; 25:403-414. [PMID: 27586686 DOI: 10.1177/1073191116667584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Behavioral diaries are used for observing health-related behaviors prospectively. Little is known about patterns and predictors of diary compliance to better understand differential attrition. An analytic sample of 241 young men who have sex with men (YMSM) from a 2-month diary study of substance use and sexual behavior were randomized to complete daily or weekly timeline followback diaries. Latent class growth analyses were used to analyze data. Weekly and daily diary groups produced similar compliance patterns: high, low, and declining compliance groups. Black YMSM were more likely to be in the declining compared with the high compliance group. YMSM who were randomly assigned to receive automated feedback about risk behaviors did not differ in compliance rate compared with those who did not. Risk behavior engagement did not predict compliance in the daily condition, but some substances predicted compliance in the weekly condition. Implications for observational and behavior change methods are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - David Mohr
- 1 Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
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37
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Neale MC, Hunter MD, Pritikin JN, Zahery M, Brick TR, Kirkpatrick RM, Estabrook R, Bates TC, Maes HH, Boker SM. OpenMx 2.0: Extended Structural Equation and Statistical Modeling. Psychometrika 2016; 81:535-49. [PMID: 25622929 PMCID: PMC4516707 DOI: 10.1007/s11336-014-9435-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 533] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The new software package OpenMx 2.0 for structural equation and other statistical modeling is introduced and its features are described. OpenMx is evolving in a modular direction and now allows a mix-and-match computational approach that separates model expectations from fit functions and optimizers. Major backend architectural improvements include a move to swappable open-source optimizers such as the newly written CSOLNP. Entire new methodologies such as item factor analysis and state space modeling have been implemented. New model expectation functions including support for the expression of models in LISREL syntax and a simplified multigroup expectation function are available. Ease-of-use improvements include helper functions to standardize model parameters and compute their Jacobian-based standard errors, access to model components through standard R $ mechanisms, and improved tab completion from within the R Graphical User Interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C Neale
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, USA.
| | | | - Joshua N Pritikin
- Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA
| | - Mahsa Zahery
- Department of Computer Science, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, USA
| | - Timothy R Brick
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University, State College, USA
| | - Robert M Kirkpatrick
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, USA
| | - Ryne Estabrook
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, USA
| | - Timothy C Bates
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, USA
| | - Hermine H Maes
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, USA
| | - Steven M Boker
- Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA
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38
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Estabrook R, Sadler ME, McGue M. Differential item functioning in the Cambridge Mental Disorders in the Elderly (CAMDEX) Depression Scale across middle age and late life. Psychol Assess 2015; 27:1219-33. [PMID: 25938337 PMCID: PMC4633409 DOI: 10.1037/pas0000114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A long-standing and critical problem in the study of aging and depression is the comparability of measurement across age groups. While psychological measures of depression typically show increased incidence of symptoms with increasing age, rates of depression diagnosis do not show the same age trend. This analysis presents tests of differential item functioning on the depression section of the CAMDEX interview schedule, using factor analysis-derived affective and somatic subscales (McGue & Christensen, 1997). Results for the affective subscale show significant differences in item functioning in the majority of the affective items as a function of age (items "Happy Life," "Lonely," "Nervous" "Worthless," and "Future": χ6(2) = [30.193, 255.971] across items, all p < .0001). Analyses for the somatic subscale show differential item functioning is limited to a single item relating to coping (χ6(2) = 180.754, p < .0001). These results indicate that differences in depression symptoms across age groups are not entirely consistent with a unidimensional depression trait, and that the measurement structure of depression varies over the life span.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryne Estabrook
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University
| | | | - Matt McGue
- The Danish Twin Registry and Danish Aging Research Center, University of Southern Denmark
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Estabrook R, Massey SH, Clark CAC, Burns JL, Mustanski BS, Cook EH, O'Brien TC, Makowski B, Espy KA, Wakschlag LS. Separating Family-Level and Direct Exposure Effects of Smoking During Pregnancy on Offspring Externalizing Symptoms: Bridging the Behavior Genetic and Behavior Teratologic Divide. Behav Genet 2015; 46:389-402. [PMID: 26581695 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-015-9762-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Maternal smoking during pregnancy (MSDP) has been robustly associated with externalizing problems and their developmental precursors in offspring in studies using behavioral teratologic designs (Wakschlag et al., Am J Public Health 92(6):966-974, 2002; Espy et al., Dev Psychol 47(1):153-169, 2011). In contrast, the use of behavior genetic approaches has shown that the effects commonly attributed to MSDP can be explained by family-level variables (D'Onofrio et al., Dev Psychopathol 20(01):139-164, 2008). Reconciling these conflicting findings requires integration of these study designs. We utilize longitudinal data on a preschool proband and his/her sibling from the Midwest Infant Development Study-Preschool (MIDS-P) to test for teratologic and family level effects of MSDP. We find considerable variation in prenatal smoking patterns both within and across pregnancies within families, indicating that binary smoking measures are not sufficiently capturing exposure. Structural equation models indicate that both conduct disorder and oppositional defiant disorder symptoms showed unique effects of MSDP over and above family level effects. Blending high quality exposure measurement with a within-family design suggests that it is premature to foreclose the possibility of a teratologic effect of MSDP on externalizing problems. Implications and recommendations for future studies are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryne Estabrook
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 633 N. St. Clair Street, 19th Floor, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
| | - Suena H Massey
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 633 N. St. Clair Street, 19th Floor, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Caron A C Clark
- Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - James L Burns
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 633 N. St. Clair Street, 19th Floor, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Brian S Mustanski
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 633 N. St. Clair Street, 19th Floor, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Edwin H Cook
- Institute for Juvenile Research, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Beth Makowski
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 633 N. St. Clair Street, 19th Floor, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Kimberly A Espy
- Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Office for Research & Economic Development, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Lauren S Wakschlag
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 633 N. St. Clair Street, 19th Floor, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
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40
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Petitclerc A, Briggs-Gowan MJ, Estabrook R, Burns JL, Anderson EL, McCarthy KJ, Wakschlag LS. Contextual variation in young children's observed disruptive behavior on the DB-DOS: implications for early identification. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2015; 56:1008-16. [PMID: 26095766 PMCID: PMC4706756 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.12430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Contextual variation in child disruptive behavior is well documented but remains poorly understood. We first examine how variation in observed disruptive behavior across interactional contexts is associated with maternal reports of contextual variation in oppositional-defiant behavior and functional impairment. Second, we test whether child inhibitory control explains the magnitude of contextual variation in observed disruptive behavior. METHODS Participants are 497 young children (mean age = 4 years, 11 months) from a subsample of the MAPS, a sociodemographically diverse pediatric sample, enriched for risk of disruptive behavior. Observed anger modulation and behavioral regulation problems were coded on the Disruptive Behavior Diagnostic Observation Schedule (DB-DOS) during interactions with parent and examiner. Oppositional-defiant behavior, and impairment in relationships, with parents and nonparental adults, were measured with the Preschool Age Psychiatric Assessment (PAPA) interview with the mother. Functional impairment in the home and out-and-about was assessed with the Family Life Impairment Scale (FLIS), and expulsion from child care/school was measured with the baseline survey and FLIS. RESULTS Observed disruptive behavior on the DB-DOS Parent Context was associated with oppositional-defiant behavior with parents, and with impairment at home and out-and-about. Observed disruptive behavior with the Examiner was associated with oppositional-defiant behavior with both parents and nonparental adults, impairment in relationships with nonparental adults, and child care/school expulsion. Differences in observed disruptive behavior in the Parent versus Examiner Contexts was related to the differences in maternal reports of oppositional-defiant behavior with parents versus nonparental adults. Children with larger decreases in disruptive behavior from Parent to Examiner Context had better inhibitory control and fewer attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms. CONCLUSIONS The DB-DOS showed clinical utility in a community sample for identifying contextual variation that maps onto reported oppositional-defiant behavior and functioning across contexts. Elucidating the implications of contextual variation for early identification and targeted prevention is an important area for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amélie Petitclerc
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | | | - Ryne Estabrook
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - James L. Burns
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Erica L. Anderson
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | | | - Lauren S. Wakschlag
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL,Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
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41
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Wakschlag LS, Estabrook R, Petitclerc A, Henry D, Burns JL, Perlman SB, Voss JL, Pine DS, Leibenluft E, Briggs-Gowan ML. Clinical Implications of a Dimensional Approach: The Normal:Abnormal Spectrum of Early Irritability. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2015; 54:626-34. [PMID: 26210331 PMCID: PMC4515952 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2015.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Revised: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The importance of dimensional approaches is widely recognized, but an empirical base for clinical application is lacking. This is particularly true for irritability, a dimensional phenotype that cuts across many areas of psychopathology and manifests early in life. We examine longitudinal, dimensional patterns of irritability and their clinical import in early childhood. METHOD Irritability was assessed longitudinally over an average of 16 months in a clinically enriched, diverse community sample of preschoolers (N = 497; mean = 4.2 years; SD = 0.8). Using the Temper Loss scale of the Multidimensional Assessment Profile of Disruptive Behavior (MAP-DB) as a developmentally sensitive indicator of early childhood irritability, we examined its convergent/divergent, clinical, and incremental predictive validity, and modeled its linear and nonlinear associations with clinical risk. RESULTS The Temper Loss scale demonstrated convergent and divergent validity to child and maternal factors. In multivariate analyses, Temper Loss predicted mood (separation anxiety disorder [SAD], generalized anxiety disorder [GAD], and depression/dysthymia), disruptive (oppositional defiant disorder [ODD], attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder [ADHD], and conduct disorder [CD]) symptoms. Preschoolers with even mildly elevated Temper Loss scale scores showed substantially increased risk of symptoms and disorders. For ODD, GAD, SAD, and depression, increases in Temper Loss scale scores at the higher end of the dimension had a greater impact on symptoms relative to increases at the lower end. Temper Loss scale scores also showed incremental validity over DSM-IV disorders in predicting subsequent impairment. Finally, accounting for the substantial heterogeneity in longitudinal patterns of Temper Loss significantly improved prediction of mood and disruptive symptoms. CONCLUSION Dimensional, longitudinal characterization of irritability informs clinical prediction. A vital next step will be empirically generating parameters for the incorporation of dimensional information into clinical decision-making with reasonable certainty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren S Wakschlag
- Department of Medical Social Sciences and the Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, IL.
| | | | | | - David Henry
- Institute for Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois at Chicago
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Nichols SR, Briggs-Gowan M, Estabrook R, Burns J, Kestler J, Berman G, Henry D, Wakschlag L. Punishment Insensitivity in Early Childhood: A Developmental, Dimensional Approach. J Abnorm Child Psychol 2015; 43:1011-23. [PMID: 25425187 PMCID: PMC4446258 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-014-9950-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Impairment in learning from punishment ("punishment insensitivity") is an established feature of severe antisocial behavior in adults and youth but it has not been well studied as a developmental phenomenon. In early childhood, differentiating a normal: abnormal spectrum of punishment insensitivity is key for distinguishing normative misbehavior from atypical manifestations. This study employed a novel measure, the Multidimensional Assessment Profile of Disruptive Behavior (MAP-DB), to examine the distribution, dimensionality, and external validity of punishment insensitivity in a large, demographically diverse community sample of preschoolers (3-5 years) recruited from pediatric clinics (N = 1,855). Caregivers completed surveys from which a seven-item Punishment Insensitivity scale was derived. Findings indicated that Punishment Insensitivity behaviors are relatively common in young children, with at least 50 % of preschoolers exhibiting them sometimes. Item response theory analyses revealed a Punishment Insensitivity spectrum. Items varied along a severity continuum: most items needed to occur "Often" in order to be severe and behaviors that were qualitatively atypical or intense were more severe. Although there were item-level differences across sociodemographic groups, these were small. Construct, convergent, and divergent validity were demonstrated via association to low concern for others and noncompliance, motivational regulation, and a disruptive family context. Incremental clinical utility was demonstrated in relation to impairment. Early childhood punishment insensitivity varies along a severity continuum and is atypical when it predominates. Implications for understanding the phenomenology of emergent disruptive behavior are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara R. Nichols
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | | | - Ryne Estabrook
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - James Burns
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Jacqueline Kestler
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Grace Berman
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - David Henry
- Institute for Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Lauren Wakschlag
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
- Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL
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Boker SM, Brick TR, Pritikin JN, Wang Y, von Oertzen T, Brown D, Lach J, Estabrook R, Hunter MD, Maes HH, Neale MC. Maintained Individual Data Distributed Likelihood Estimation (MIDDLE). Multivariate Behav Res 2015; 50:706-720. [PMID: 26717128 PMCID: PMC4804354 DOI: 10.1080/00273171.2015.1094387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Maintained Individual Data Distributed Likelihood Estimation (MIDDLE) is a novel paradigm for research in the behavioral, social, and health sciences. The MIDDLE approach is based on the seemingly impossible idea that data can be privately maintained by participants and never revealed to researchers, while still enabling statistical models to be fit and scientific hypotheses tested. MIDDLE rests on the assumption that participant data should belong to, be controlled by, and remain in the possession of the participants themselves. Distributed likelihood estimation refers to fitting statistical models by sending an objective function and vector of parameters to each participant's personal device (e.g., smartphone, tablet, computer), where the likelihood of that individual's data is calculated locally. Only the likelihood value is returned to the central optimizer. The optimizer aggregates likelihood values from responding participants and chooses new vectors of parameters until the model converges. A MIDDLE study provides significantly greater privacy for participants, automatic management of opt-in and opt-out consent, lower cost for the researcher and funding institute, and faster determination of results. Furthermore, if a participant opts into several studies simultaneously and opts into data sharing, these studies automatically have access to individual-level longitudinal data linked across all studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Timothy R Brick
- b Department of Health and Human Development, The Pennsylvania State University
| | | | - Yang Wang
- c Department of Systems Engineering, University of Virginia
| | | | - Donald Brown
- c Department of Systems Engineering, University of Virginia
| | - John Lach
- d Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Virginia
| | - Ryne Estabrook
- e Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University
| | | | - Hermine H Maes
- g Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University
| | - Michael C Neale
- g Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University
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Abstract
While measurement evaluation has been embraced as an important step in psychological research, evaluating measurement structures with longitudinal data is fraught with limitations. This article defines and tests a measurement model of derivatives (MMOD), which is designed to assess the measurement structure of latent constructs both for analyses of between-person differences and for the analysis of change. Simulation results indicate that MMOD outperforms existing models for multivariate analysis and provides equivalent fit to data generation models. Additional simulations show MMOD capable of detecting differences in between-person and within-person factor structures. Model features, applications, and future directions are discussed.
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Estabrook R, Neale M. A Comparison of Factor Score Estimation Methods in the Presence of Missing Data: Reliability and an Application to Nicotine Dependence. Multivariate Behav Res 2013; 48:1-27. [PMID: 24049215 PMCID: PMC3773873 DOI: 10.1080/00273171.2012.730072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Factor score estimation is a controversial topic in psychometrics, and the estimation of factor scores from exploratory factor models has historically received a great deal of attention. However, both confirmatory factor models and the existence of missing data have generally been ignored in this debate. This article presents a simulation study that compares the reliability of sum scores, regression-based and expected posterior methods for factor score estimation for confirmatory factor models in the presence of missing data. Although all methods perform reasonably well with complete data, expected posterior-weighted (full) maximum likelihood methods are significantly more reliable than sum scores and regression estimators in the presence of missing data. Factor score reliability for complete data can be predicted by Guttman's 1955 formula for factor communality. Furthermore, factor score reliability for incomplete data can be reasonably approximated by communality raised to the [Formula: see text] power. An empirical demonstration shows that the full maximum likelihood method best preserves the relationship between nicotine dependence and a genetic predictor under missing data. Implications and recommendations for applied research are discussed.
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Abstract
Recent research has seen intraindividual variability become a useful technique to incorporate trial-to-trial variability into many types of psychological studies. Intraindividual variability, as measured by individual standard deviations (ISDs), has shown unique prediction to several types of positive and negative outcomes (Ram, Rabbit, Stollery, & Nesselroade, 2005). One unanswered question regarding measuring intraindividual variability is its reliability and the conditions under which optimal reliability is achieved. Monte Carlo simulation studies were conducted to determine the reliability of the ISD as compared with the intraindividual mean. The results indicate that ISDs generally have poor reliability and are sensitive to insufficient measurement occasions, poor test reliability, and unfavorable amounts and distributions of variability in the population. Secondary analysis of psychological data shows that use of individual standard deviations in unfavorable conditions leads to a marked reduction in statistical power, although careful adherence to underlying statistical assumptions allows their use as a basic research tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryne Estabrook
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0126, USA.
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Abstract
Cross-sectional data from twins contain information that can be used to derive a test of causality between traits. This test of directionality is based upon the fact that genetic relationships between family members conform to an established structural pattern. In this paper we examine several common methods for empirically testing causality as well as several genetic models that we build on for the Direction of Causation (DoC) model. We then discuss the mathematical components of the DoC model and highlight limitations of the model and potential solutions to these limitations. We conclude by presenting an example from the personality and politics literature that has begun to explore the question whether or not personality traits cause people to hold specific political attitudes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brad Verhulst
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, USA
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Boker S, Neale M, Maes H, Wilde M, Spiegel M, Brick T, Spies J, Estabrook R, Kenny S, Bates T, Mehta P, Fox J. OpenMx: An Open Source Extended Structural Equation Modeling Framework. Psychometrika 2011; 76:306-317. [PMID: 23258944 PMCID: PMC3525063 DOI: 10.1007/s11336-010-9200-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 749] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
OpenMx is free, full-featured, open source, structural equation modeling (SEM) software. OpenMx runs within the R statistical programming environment on Windows, Mac OS-X, and Linux computers. The rationale for developing OpenMx is discussed along with the philosophy behind the user interface. The OpenMx data structures are introduced - these novel structures define the user interface framework and provide new opportunities for model specification. Two short example scripts for the specification and fitting of a confirmatory factor model are next presented. We end with an abbreviated list of modeling applications available in OpenMx 1.0 and a discussion of directions for future development.
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Abstract
Growth mixture models (GMMs; Muthén & Muthén, 2000; Muthén & Shedden, 1999) are a combination of latent curve models (LCMs) and finite mixture models to examine the existence of latent classes that follow distinct developmental patterns. GMMs are often fit with linear, latent basis, multiphase, or polynomial change models because of their common use, flexibility in modeling many types of change patterns, the availability of statistical programs to fit such models, and the ease of programming. In this paper, we present additional ways of modeling nonlinear change patterns with GMMs. Specifically, we show how LCMs that follow specific nonlinear functions can be extended to examine the presence of multiple latent classes using the Mplus and OpenMx computer programs. These models are fit to longitudinal reading data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Kindergarten Cohort to illustrate their use.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nilam Ram
- Pennsylvania State University
- Max Plank Institute of Human Development
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Estabrook R, Salthouse TA, Nesselroade JR. Higher Order Invariance and Age Comparisons in Depression, Neuroticism, and Anxiety. Multivariate Behav Res 2009; 44:850-851. [PMID: 20336185 PMCID: PMC2844710 DOI: 10.1080/00273170903467448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
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