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Moloto W, Mbule P, Nxumalo E, Ntsendwana B. Enhanced optical and electrochemical properties of FeBTC MOF modified TiO 2 photoanode for DSSCs application. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11292. [PMID: 38760398 PMCID: PMC11101415 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61701-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
In this work, iron based 1, 3, 5-tricarboxylic acid (FeBTC) was prepared via microwave-assisted method and incorporated into TiO2 via ultrasonic assisted method. The TiO2-FeBTC nanocomposites were characterized by XRD, FTIR, Raman, BET, FESEM, HRTEM, TGA, UV‒vis DRS and PL to understand their crystallographic, surface morphology, and optical characteristics. The Raman spectra showed a blue shift of Eg, A1g, and B1g peaks upon incorporation of FeBTC MOF onto TiO2. HRTEM and XRD analysis confirmed a mixture of TiO2 nanospheres and hexagonal FeBTC MOF morphologies with high crystallinity. The incorporation of FeBTC onto TiO2 improved the surface area as confirmed by BET results, which resulted in improved absorption in the visible region as a results of reduced bandgap energy from 3.2 to 2.84 eV. The PL results showed a reduced intensity for TiO2-FeBTC (6%) sample, indicating improved separation of electron hole pairs and reduced recombination rate. After fabrication of the TiO2-FeBTC MOF photoanode, the charge transfer kinetics were enhanced at TiO2-FeBTC MOF (6%) with Rp value of 966 Ω, as given by EIS studies. This led to high performance due to low charge resistance. Hence, high power conversion efficiency (PCE) value of 0.538% for TiO2-FeBTC (6%) was achieved, in comparison with other loadings. This was attributed to a relatively high surface area which allowed more charge shuttling and thus better electrical response. Conversely, upon increasing the FeBTC MOF loading to 8%, significant reduction in efficiency (0.478%) was obtained, which was attributed to sluggish charge transfer and fast electron-hole pair recombination rate. The TiO2-FeBTC (6%) may be a good candidate for use in DSSCs as a photoanode materials for improved efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Moloto
- Institute for Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability, CSET, University of South Africa, Johannesburg, 1710, South Africa
| | - Pontsho Mbule
- Department of Physics, CSET, University of South Africa, Johannesburg, 1710, South Africa
| | - Edward Nxumalo
- Institute for Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability, CSET, University of South Africa, Johannesburg, 1710, South Africa.
| | - Bulelwa Ntsendwana
- Energy, Water, Environmental and Food Sustainable Technologies (EWEF-susTech), Johannesburg, 1709, South Africa.
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Yan Y, Shen G, Song R, Hong K. Dual-electron-enhanced effect in K-doped MoS 2 few layers for high electrocatalytic activity as the counter electrode in dye-sensitized solar cells. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:10857-10860. [PMID: 36074730 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc04021b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Designing counter electrodes (CEs) with high efficiency and understanding the mechanism of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) are still challenges. In this paper, we synthesized K-doped molybdenum disulfide (K-MoS2) with few layers and it has a great enhancement effect on the electrocatalytic activity compared to pure MoS2 CE and reference Pt CE. A dual electron-path model is proposed to explain the mechanism, which is supported by first-principles calculations. When an electron in MoS2 is transferred to the triiodide, the K atoms can act as an electron reservoir to provide another electron in a short time to improve the catalytic activity. So the proposed dual-electron effect in this paper is helpful to understand the charge transfer mechanism on the interfaces of these CEs and may be crucial for obtaining high photoelectric efficiencies in DSSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuna Yan
- School of Physics, Southeast University, 211189, Nanjing, China.
| | - Gang Shen
- School of Physics, Southeast University, 211189, Nanjing, China.
| | - Rui Song
- Department of General Education, Army Engineering University of PLA, 211101, Nanjing, China.
| | - Kunquan Hong
- School of Physics, Southeast University, 211189, Nanjing, China.
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Liu CK, Wu KH, Lu YA, Hsiao LY, Lai KW, Chu CW, Ho KC. Introducing Postmetalation Metal-Organic Framework to Control Perovskite Crystal Growth for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:60125-60134. [PMID: 34879195 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c22144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A novel lead-containing metal-organic framework (Pb-MOF) is synthesized through postmetalation of MOF-525. Postmetalation renders lead ions bound with the organic linker of MOF-525, which can serve as nucleation points to promote perovskite crystallization. The introduction of lead postmetalated MOF-525 (Pb-MOF) as a scaffold layer between compact TiO2 (c-TiO2) layer and perovskite layer promotes perovskite crystal growth in enlarging crystal grain size with better crystallinity, hence decreasing defect sites in the perovskite layer. Postmetalation of MOF-525 with lead ions allows MAPbI3 to form a solid crystal structure to facilitate the charge separation between electron transport layer (ETL) and light-harvesting layer so as to resolve the issue of possible vacancies present in MOFs. As a result, the champion perovskite solar cell (PSC) with the introduction of Pb-MOF exhibits a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 20.87% and better stability (86% PCE retention after 40 days), outperforming the pristine PSC (16.85% PCE, with 52% retention after 40 days) and MOF-525-introduced PSC (18.61% PCE, with 76% retention after 40 days).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Kwen Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Hung Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yen-An Lu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Li-Yin Hsiao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Advanced Research Center for Green Materials Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Wen Lai
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wei Chu
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- College of Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chuan Ho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Advanced Research Center for Green Materials Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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Deepak K, Ponnam A, Kandaiah S, Prakashbabu D, Pinjare SL. Photovoltaic studies on cadmium metal ions doped coordination polymer/TiO 2 hybrid solar cell. POLYM-PLAST TECH MAT 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/25740881.2020.1861289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K Deepak
- Department of Physics, School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Bangalore, India
| | - Anjaneyulu Ponnam
- Department of Physics, School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Bangalore, India
| | - Sakthivel Kandaiah
- Department of Chemistry, School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Bangalore, India
| | - D. Prakashbabu
- Department of Physics, School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Bangalore, India
| | - S L Pinjare
- Department of ECE, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Bangalore, India
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Photocatalytic Reduction of CO2 to Methanol Using a Copper-Zirconia Imidazolate Framework. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11030346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A set of novel photocatalysts, i.e., copper-zirconia imidazolate (CuZrIm) frameworks, were synthesized using different zirconia molar ratios (i.e., 0.5, 1, and 1.5 mmol). The photoreduction process of CO2 to methanol in a continuous-flow stirred photoreactor at pressure and temperature of 1 atm and 25 °C, respectively, was studied. The physicochemical properties of the synthesized catalysts were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. The highest methanol activity of 818.59 µmol/L.g was recorded when the CuZrIm1 catalyst with Cu/Zr/Im/NH4OH molar ratio of 2:1:4:2 (mmol/mmol/mmol/M) was employed. The enhanced yield is attributed to the presence of Cu2+ oxidation state and the uniformly dispersed active metals. The response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the reaction parameters. The predicted results agreed well with the experimental ones with the correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.99. The optimization results showed that the highest methanol activity of 1054 µmol/L.g was recorded when the optimum parameters were employed, i.e., stirring rate (540 rpm), intensity of light (275 W/m2) and photocatalyst loading (1.3 g/L). The redox potential value for the CuZrIm1 shows that the reduction potential is −1.70 V and the oxidation potential is +1.28 V for the photoreduction of CO2 to methanol. The current work has established the potential utilization of the imidazolate framework as catalyst support for the photoreduction of CO2 to methanol.
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Muchuweni E, Martincigh BS, Nyamori VO. Recent advances in graphene-based materials for dye-sensitized solar cell fabrication. RSC Adv 2020; 10:44453-44469. [PMID: 35517133 PMCID: PMC9058590 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra08851j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past few years, dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have received considerable research attention, as potential alternatives to the commonly used, but expensive, silicon-based solar cells owing to the low-cost, facile fabrication procedures, less impact on the environment, capability of working even under low incoming light levels, and flexibility of DSSCs. However, the relatively low power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) and poor long-term operational stability of DSSCs still limit their large-scale and commercial applications. As a consequence, this has prompted tremendous research effort towards the realization of high performance and sustainable devices, through tailoring of the properties of the various DSSC components, via approaches such as introducing novel materials and new synthesis techniques. Among these, the application of novel materials, especially carbon-based materials, such as graphene and its derivatives, is more appealing due to their excellent optoelectronic, mechanical, thermal and chemical properties, which give them ample potential to replace or modify the traditional materials that are commonly used in the fabrication of the various DSSC components. In addition, the low-cost, abundance, non-toxicity, large specific surface area, flexibility and superior stability of graphene-based materials have enabled their recent use as photoanodes, i.e., transparent conducting electrodes, semiconducting layers and dye-sensitizers, electrolytes and counter electrodes in DSSCs. Recently, the introduction of graphene-based materials into DSSCs resulted in a pronounced increase in PCE from ∼0.13 to above 12.00%. Thus, employing the recent breakthroughs can further improve the optoelectronic properties of the various DSSC components and, hence, close the gap between DSSCs and their silicon-based counterparts that are currently exhibiting desirable PCEs of above 26%. Therefore, this review focuses on the recent applications of graphene-based materials as photoanodes, electrolytes and counter electrodes, for the possible fabrication of all-carbon-based DSSCs. The limitations, merits and future prospects of graphene-based DSSCs are discussed, so as to improve their photovoltaic performance, sustainability and cost-effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edigar Muchuweni
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus Private Bag X54001 Durban 4000 South Africa
| | - Bice S Martincigh
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus Private Bag X54001 Durban 4000 South Africa
| | - Vincent O Nyamori
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus Private Bag X54001 Durban 4000 South Africa
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Application of Metal-Organic Frameworks and Covalent Organic Frameworks as (Photo)Active Material in Hybrid Photovoltaic Technologies. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13215602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are two innovative classes of porous coordination polymers. MOFs are three-dimensional materials made up of secondary building blocks comprised of metal ions/clusters and organic ligands whereas COFs are 2D or 3D highly porous organic solids made up by light elements (i.e., H, B, C, N, O). Both MOFs and COFs, being highly conjugated scaffolds, are very promising as photoactive materials for applications in photocatalysis and artificial photosynthesis because of their tunable electronic properties, high surface area, remarkable light and thermal stability, easy and relative low-cost synthesis, and structural versatility. These properties make them perfectly suitable for photovoltaic application: throughout this review, we summarize recent advances in the employment of both MOFs and COFs in emerging photovoltaics, namely dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) organic photovoltaic (OPV) and perovskite solar cells (PSCs). MOFs are successfully implemented in DSSCs as photoanodic material or solid-state sensitizers and in PSCs mainly as hole or electron transporting materials. An innovative paradigm, in which the porous conductive polymer acts as standing-alone sensitized photoanode, is exploited too. Conversely, COFs are mostly implemented as photoactive material or as hole transporting material in PSCs.
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Applications of metal–organic framework-derived materials in fuel cells and metal-air batteries. Coord Chem Rev 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Jin J, Liu Y, Wang M, Liu Y, Yang G, Wang YY. Constructions of new luminescent 3D porous MOFs with high stability, unique selectivity and low detection limits for various ions in aqueous solution. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2020.121270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Khajavian R, Mirzaei M, Alizadeh H. Current status and future prospects of metal–organic frameworks at the interface of dye-sensitized solar cells. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:13936-13947. [DOI: 10.1039/d0dt02798g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
In this Frontier Article recent progresses and challenges at the interface of metal–organic frameworks and dye-sensitized solar cells are highlighted and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruhollah Khajavian
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
- Mashhad 9177948974
- Iran
| | - Masoud Mirzaei
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
- Mashhad 9177948974
- Iran
| | - Hanie Alizadeh
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
- Mashhad 9177948974
- Iran
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Li X, Surendran Rajasree S, Yu J, Deria P. The role of photoinduced charge transfer for photocatalysis, photoelectrocatalysis and luminescence sensing in metal–organic frameworks. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:12892-12917. [DOI: 10.1039/d0dt02143a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Understanding PCT taking place within MOFs is crucial for designing porous photo/electrocatalysts and luminescent sensors. Unique features of PCT in MOFs and recent progress along with state-of-the-art characterization methods are discussed in the context of its applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlin Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Southern Illinois University
- Carbondale
- USA
| | | | - Jierui Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Southern Illinois University
- Carbondale
- USA
| | - Pravas Deria
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Southern Illinois University
- Carbondale
- USA
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Gordillo MA, Panda DK, Saha S. Efficient MOF-Sensitized Solar Cells Featuring Solvothermally Grown [100]-Oriented Pillared Porphyrin Framework-11 Films on ZnO/FTO Surfaces. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:3196-3206. [PMID: 30584839 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b17807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Owing to their abilities to assemble and organize a large number of redox and photoactive components in highly ordered periodic fashion, crystalline porous metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have the potential to execute myriad complex functions, including charge transport and light to electrical energy conversion when the required conditions are fulfilled. Herein, we demonstrate an unprecedented spontaneous solvothermal growth of precisely [100]-oriented pillared porphyrin framework-11 (PPF-11) films featuring vertically aligned Zn-tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin (ZnTCPP) walls and horizontally aligned 2,2'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridine beams attached to annealed ZnO-fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) surfaces and their remarkable photovoltaic performance in liquid-junction solar cells. The [100]-oriented PPF-11/ZnO-FTO photoanodes displayed excellent photovoltaic response (short-circuit current ( JSC): 4.65 mA/cm2, open-circuit voltage ( VOC): 470 mV, power conversion efficiency: 0.86%) that easily outperformed all control devices as well as previously reported porphyrin and Ru(bpy)32+-based visible light-harvesting MOFs with 10-1000 times greater photocurrent density and 2-375 times higher efficiency. The superior photovoltaic behavior of [100]-oriented PPF-11/ZnO films compared to epitaxially grown MOF thin films on insulating self-assembled monolayers and drop-cast PPF films with different orientations can be attributed to several factors, including better charge separation, transport, and injection capabilities of the former. The noncatenated PPF-11 was able to host electron-deficient C60 guests, filling in nearly half of its cavities and engage them in ZnTCPP/C60 charge-transfer interaction. However, the C60-doped PPF-11/ZnO films displayed much weaker photovoltaic response than undoped [100]-oriented PPF-11/ZnO films presumably due to exclusion of I-/I3- electrolyte from the C60-occupied cavities and the inability of isolated C60 guests to support long-range charge movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica A Gordillo
- Department of Chemistry , Clemson University , Clemson , South Carolina 29634 , United States
| | - Dillip K Panda
- Department of Chemistry , Clemson University , Clemson , South Carolina 29634 , United States
| | - Sourav Saha
- Department of Chemistry , Clemson University , Clemson , South Carolina 29634 , United States
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Li X, Maindan K, Deria P. Metal-Organic Frameworks-Based Electrocatalysis: Insight and Future Perspectives. COMMENT INORG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/02603594.2018.1545225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinlin Li
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois, USA
| | - Karan Maindan
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois, USA
| | - Pravas Deria
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois, USA
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Othman NW, Radde H, Puah PY, Ling YS, Moh PY. Enhancing photocatalytic activity of titanium dioxide through incorporation of MIL-53(Fe) toward degradation of organic dye. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201800216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nurul Wafa Othman
- Water Research Unit, Faculty of Science and Natural Resources; Universiti Malaysia Sabah; Kota Kinabalu Sabah Malaysia
- Industrial Chemistry Programme, Faculty of Science and Natural Resources; Universiti Malaysia Sabah; Kota Kinabalu Sabah Malaysia
| | - Hasmira Radde
- Water Research Unit, Faculty of Science and Natural Resources; Universiti Malaysia Sabah; Kota Kinabalu Sabah Malaysia
- Industrial Chemistry Programme, Faculty of Science and Natural Resources; Universiti Malaysia Sabah; Kota Kinabalu Sabah Malaysia
| | - Perng Yang Puah
- Industrial Chemistry Programme, Faculty of Science and Natural Resources; Universiti Malaysia Sabah; Kota Kinabalu Sabah Malaysia
| | - Yee Soon Ling
- Water Research Unit, Faculty of Science and Natural Resources; Universiti Malaysia Sabah; Kota Kinabalu Sabah Malaysia
| | - Pak Yan Moh
- Water Research Unit, Faculty of Science and Natural Resources; Universiti Malaysia Sabah; Kota Kinabalu Sabah Malaysia
- Industrial Chemistry Programme, Faculty of Science and Natural Resources; Universiti Malaysia Sabah; Kota Kinabalu Sabah Malaysia
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Abstract
The inherent porous nature and facile tunability of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) make them ideal candidates for use in multiple fields. MOF hybrid materials are derived from existing MOFs hybridized with other materials or small molecules using a variety of techniques. This led to superior performance of the new materials by combining the advantages of MOF components and others. In this review, we discuss several hybridization methods for the preparation of various MOF hybrids with representative examples from the literature. These methods include covalent modifications, noncovalent modifications, and using MOFs as templates or precursors. We also review the applications of the MOF hybrids in the fields of catalysis, drug delivery, gas storage and separation, energy storage, sensing, and others.
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Oldenburg M, Turshatov A, Busko D, Jakoby M, Haldar R, Chen K, Emandi G, Senge MO, Wöll C, Hodgkiss JM, Richards BS, Howard IA. Enhancing the photoluminescence of surface anchored metal-organic frameworks: mixed linkers and efficient acceptors. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:11564-11576. [PMID: 29340392 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp08452h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We present two approaches to enhance the photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of surface-anchored metal-organic frameworks (SURMOFs). In the first approach we fabricate SURMOFs from a mix of an emissive linker with an optically-inert linker of equivalent length, diluting the emissive linker while maintaining the SURMOF structure. This approach enhances the internal PLQY. However, the increase in internal PLQY is achieved at the expense of a drastic reduction in optical absorption, thus the external PLQY remains low. To overcome this limitation, a second approach is explored wherein energy-accepting guest chromophores are infiltrated into the framework of the active linker. At the correct acceptor concentration, an internal PLQY of 52% - three times higher than the previous approach - is achieved. Additionally, the absorption remains strong leading to an external PLQY of 8%, an order of magnitude better than the previous approach. Using this strategy, we demonstrate that SURMOFs can achieve PLQYs similar to their precursor chromophores in solution. This is of relevance to SURMOFs as emitter layers in general, and we examine the optimized emitter layer as part of a photon upconversion (UC) SURMOF heterostructure. Surprisingly, the same PLQY is not observed after triplet-triplet annihilation in the UC heterostructure as after its normal photoexcitation (although the UC layers exhibit low thresholds consistent with those reported in our previous work). We discuss the potential bottlenecks in energy transport that could lead to this unexpected reduction in PLQY after excitation via triplet-triplet annihilation, and how future design of SURMOF UC multilayers could overcome these limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Oldenburg
- Institute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
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Li YY, Wang JG, Sun HH, Wei B. Heterostructured TiO 2/NiTiO 3 Nanorod Arrays for Inorganic Sensitized Solar Cells with Significantly Enhanced Photovoltaic Performance and Stability. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:11580-11586. [PMID: 29557649 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b17044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Organic dyes used in the conventional dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) suffer from poor light stability and high cost. In this work, we demonstrate a new inorganic sensitized solar cell based on ordered one-dimensional semiconductor nanorod arrays of TiO2/NiTiO3 (NTO) heterostructures prepared via a facile two-step hydrothermal approach. The semiconductor heterostructure arrays are highly desirable and promising for DSSCs because of their direct charge transport capability and slow charge recombination rate. The low-cost NTO inorganic semiconductor possesses an appropriate band gap that matches well with TiO2, which behaves like a "dye" to enable efficient light harvesting and fast electron-hole separation. The solar cells constructed by the ordered TiO2/NTO heterostructure photoanodes show a significantly improved power conversion efficiency, high fill factor, and more promising, outstanding life stability. The present work will open up an avenue to design heterostructured inorganics for high-performance solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Ying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU) , Xi'an 710072 , China
| | - Jian-Gan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU) , Xi'an 710072 , China
| | - Huan-Huan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU) , Xi'an 710072 , China
| | - Bingqing Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU) , Xi'an 710072 , China
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , University of Delaware , Newark , Delaware 19716 , United States
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Castaldelli E, Imalka Jayawardena KDG, Cox DC, Clarkson GJ, Walton RI, Le-Quang L, Chauvin J, Silva SRP, Demets GJF. Electrical semiconduction modulated by light in a cobalt and naphthalene diimide metal-organic framework. Nat Commun 2017; 8:2139. [PMID: 29247248 PMCID: PMC5732256 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-02215-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as an exciting class of porous materials that can be structurally designed by choosing particular components according to desired applications. Despite the wide interest in and many potential applications of MOFs, such as in gas storage, catalysis, sensing and drug delivery, electrical semiconductivity and its control is still rare. The use and fabrication of electronic devices with MOF-based components has not been widely explored, despite significant progress of these components made in recent years. Here we report the synthesis and properties of a new highly crystalline, electrochemically active, cobalt and naphthalene diimide-based MOF that is an efficient electrical semiconductor and has a broad absorption spectrum, from 300 to 2500 nm. Its semiconductivity was determined by direct voltage bias using a four-point device, and it features a wavelength dependant photoconductive-photoresistive dual behaviour, with a very high responsivity of 2.5 × 105 A W-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evandro Castaldelli
- Departamento de Química, FFCLRP, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-901, Brazil.
- Advanced Technology Institute, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK.
| | | | - David C Cox
- Advanced Technology Institute, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Guy J Clarkson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Richard I Walton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Long Le-Quang
- CIRE/DCM Université de Grenoble Alpes, CS 40700, Grenoble Cedex 9,, 38058, France
| | - Jerôme Chauvin
- CIRE/DCM Université de Grenoble Alpes, CS 40700, Grenoble Cedex 9,, 38058, France
| | - S Ravi P Silva
- Advanced Technology Institute, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK.
| | - Grégoire Jean-François Demets
- Departamento de Química, FFCLRP, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-901, Brazil.
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23
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Layer-by-layer assembled photocatalysts for environmental remediation and solar energy conversion. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C-PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2017.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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24
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Ahn DY, Lee DY, Shin CY, Bui HT, Shrestha NK, Giebeler L, Noh YY, Han SH. Novel Solid-State Solar Cell Based on Hole-Conducting MOF-Sensitizer Demonstrating Power Conversion Efficiency of 2.1. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:12930-12935. [PMID: 28374990 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b03487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This work reports on designing of first successful MOF-sensitizer based solid-state photovoltaic device, perticularly with a meaningful output power conversion efficiency. In this study, an intrinsically conductive cobalt-based MOFs (Co-DAPV) formed by the coordination between Co (II) ions and a redox active di(3-diaminopropyl)-viologen (i.e., DAPV) ligand is investigated as sensitizer. Hall-effect measurement shows p-type conductivity of the Co-DAPV film with hole mobility of 0.017 cm2 V-1 s-1, suggesting its potential application as hole transporting sensitizer. Further, the energy levels of the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) of Co-DAPV are well-matched to be suitably employed for sensitizing TiO2. Thus, by layer-by-layer deposition of hole conducting MOF-sensitizer onto mesoporous TiO2 film, a power conversion efficiency of as high as 2.1% is achieved, which exceeds the highest efficiency values of MOF-sensitized liquid-junction solar cells reported so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do Young Ahn
- Institute of Materials Design, Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University , Seongdong-gu, Seoul 133-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Deok Yeon Lee
- Institute of Materials Design, Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University , Seongdong-gu, Seoul 133-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Yong Shin
- Institute of Materials Design, Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University , Seongdong-gu, Seoul 133-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoa Thi Bui
- Institute of Materials Design, Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University , Seongdong-gu, Seoul 133-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Nabeen K Shrestha
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University , Seoul 100-715, Republic of Korea
| | - Lars Giebeler
- Leibniz-Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW) Dresden , Helmholtzstrasse 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Yong-Young Noh
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University , Seoul 100-715, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hwan Han
- Institute of Materials Design, Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University , Seongdong-gu, Seoul 133-791, Republic of Korea
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25
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Kaur R, Rana A, Singh RK, Chhabra VA, Kim KH, Deep A. Efficient photocatalytic and photovoltaic applications with nanocomposites between CdTe QDs and an NTU-9 MOF. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra04125j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
CdTe QDs + NTU-9 MOF as a novel photoanode to improve the efficiency of a QD cell by about 1.5%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajnish Kaur
- Central Scientific Instruments Organisation (CSIR-CSIO)
- Chandigarh
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR-CSIO)
- Chandigarh
| | - Aniket Rana
- CSIR – National Physical Laboratory
- New Delhi
- India
| | | | | | - Ki-Hyun Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
- Hanyang University
- Seoul 04763
- Korea
| | - Akash Deep
- Central Scientific Instruments Organisation (CSIR-CSIO)
- Chandigarh
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR-CSIO)
- Chandigarh
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26
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Liu J, Wöll C. Surface-supported metal–organic framework thin films: fabrication methods, applications, and challenges. Chem Soc Rev 2017; 46:5730-5770. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00315c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 435] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Surface-supported metal–organic framework thin films are receiving increasing attention as a novel form of nanotechnology, which hold great promise for photovoltaics, electronic devices, CO2 reduction, energy storage, water splitting and membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- Institute of Artificial Photosynthesis
- Dalian University of Technology
- 116024 Dalian
- China
| | - Christof Wöll
- Institute of Functional Interfaces
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
- 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen
- Germany
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27
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Meng JP, Yan ZS, Long JY, Gong Y, Lin JH. Band gaps and photocurrent responses of two novel alkaline earth metal(II) complexes based on 4,5-di(4′-carboxylphenyl)benzene. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2016.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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28
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Maza WA, Haring AJ, Ahrenholtz SR, Epley CC, Lin SY, Morris AJ. Ruthenium(ii)-polypyridyl zirconium(iv) metal-organic frameworks as a new class of sensitized solar cells. Chem Sci 2016; 7:719-727. [PMID: 29896356 PMCID: PMC5953006 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc01565k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of Ru(ii)L2L' (L = 2,2'-bipyridyl, L' = 2,2'-bipyridine-5,5'-dicarboxylic acid), RuDCBPY, -containing zirconium(iv) coordination polymer thin films have been prepared as sensitizing materials for solar cell applications. These metal-organic framework (MOF) sensitized solar cells, MOFSCs, each are shown to generate photocurrent in response to simulated 1 sun illumination. Emission lifetime measurements indicate the excited state quenching of RuDCBPY at the MOF-TiO2 interface is extremely efficient (>90%), presumably due to electron injection into TiO2. A mechanism is proposed in which RuDCBPY-centers photo-excited within the MOF-bulk undergo isotropic energy migration up to 25 nm from the point of origin. This work represents the first example in which a MOFSC is directly compared to the constituent dye adsorbed on TiO2 (DSC). Importantly, the MOFSCs outperformed their RuDCBPY-TiO2 DSC counterpart under the conditions used here and, thus, are solidified as promising solar cell platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- W A Maza
- Department of Chemistry , Virginia Tech , Blacksburg , VA 24061 , USA .
| | - A J Haring
- Department of Chemistry , Virginia Tech , Blacksburg , VA 24061 , USA .
| | - S R Ahrenholtz
- Department of Chemistry , Virginia Tech , Blacksburg , VA 24061 , USA .
| | - C C Epley
- Department of Chemistry , Virginia Tech , Blacksburg , VA 24061 , USA .
| | - S Y Lin
- Department of Chemistry , Virginia Tech , Blacksburg , VA 24061 , USA .
| | - A J Morris
- Department of Chemistry , Virginia Tech , Blacksburg , VA 24061 , USA .
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29
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Rad M, Dehghanpour S. ZnO as an efficient nucleating agent and morphology template for rapid, facile and scalable synthesis of MOF-46 and ZnO@MOF-46 with selective sensing properties and enhanced photocatalytic ability. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra12410k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
MOF-46 and a novel core–shell heterostructure containing ZnO@MOF-46 rods have been successfully synthesized via a simple, versatile and economic method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Rad
- Department of Chemistry
- Alzahra University
- Tehran
- Iran
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30
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Meng JP, Gong Y, Lin JH. Enhanced photocurrent response on a CdTe incorporated coordination polymer based on 3-(3-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)phenyl)-5-(4-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)phenyl)-1-methyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra11641h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Two coordination polymers (CPs) with 3D and 2D frameworks exhibit different band structures and photoelectrochemical behaviors, and the CP 1@CdTe composite exhibits higher photocurrent density than CP 1 and CdTe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Ping Meng
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400030
- P. R. China
| | - Yun Gong
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400030
- P. R. China
| | - Jian Hua Lin
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400030
- P. R. China
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31
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Maza WA, Padilla R, Morris AJ. Concentration Dependent Dimensionality of Resonance Energy Transfer in a Postsynthetically Doped Morphologically Homologous Analogue of UiO-67 MOF with a Ruthenium(II) Polypyridyl Complex. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:8161-8. [PMID: 26043760 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b03071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A method is described here by which to dope ruthenium(II) bis(2,2'-bipyridine) (2,2'-bipyridyl-5,5'-dicarboxylic acid), RuDCBPY, into a UiO-67 metal-organic framework (MOF) derivative in which 2,2'-bipyridyl-5,5'-dicarboxylic acid, UiO-67-DCBPY, is used in place of 4,4'-biphenyldicarboxylic acid. Emission lifetime measurements of the RuDCBPY triplet metal-to-ligand charge transfer, (3)MLCT, excited state as a function of RuDCBPY doping concentration in UiO-67-DCBPY are discussed in light of previous results for RuDCBPY-UiO-67 doped powders in which quenching of the (3)MLCT was said to be due to dipole-dipole homogeneous resonance energy transfer, RET. The bulk distribution of RuDCBPY centers within MOF crystallites are also estimated with the use of confocal fluorescence microscopy. In the present case, it is assumed that the rate of RET between RuDCBPY centers has an r(-6) separation distance dependence characteristic of Förster RET. The results suggest (1) the dimensionality in which RET occurs is dependent on the RuDCBPY concentration ranging from one-dimensional at very low concentrations up to three-dimensional at high concentration, (2) the occupancy of RuDCBPY within UiO-67-DCBPY is not uniform throughout the crystallites such that RuDCBPY densely populates the outer layers of the MOF at low concentrations, and (3) the average separation distance between RuDCBPY centers is ∼21 Å.
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Affiliation(s)
- William A Maza
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Roberto Padilla
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Amanda J Morris
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
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32
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Cravanzola S, Jain SM, Cesano F, Damin A, Scarano D. Development of a multifunctional TiO2/MWCNT hybrid composite grafted on a stainless steel grating. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra15003e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
A multifunctional TiO2/MWCNT hybrid material grafted on durable and thermally inert stainless-steel grating is proposed, thus combining photodegradation with magnetic properties, which makes the recovery of a solution from a photocatalyst easier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Cravanzola
- Department of Chemistry
- NIS (Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces) Interdepartmental Centre and INSTM Centro Di Riferimento
- University of Torino
- 10125 Torino
- Italy
| | - Sagar M. Jain
- Department of Chemistry
- NIS (Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces) Interdepartmental Centre and INSTM Centro Di Riferimento
- University of Torino
- 10125 Torino
- Italy
| | - Federico Cesano
- Department of Chemistry
- NIS (Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces) Interdepartmental Centre and INSTM Centro Di Riferimento
- University of Torino
- 10125 Torino
- Italy
| | - Alessandro Damin
- Department of Chemistry
- NIS (Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces) Interdepartmental Centre and INSTM Centro Di Riferimento
- University of Torino
- 10125 Torino
- Italy
| | - Domenica Scarano
- Department of Chemistry
- NIS (Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces) Interdepartmental Centre and INSTM Centro Di Riferimento
- University of Torino
- 10125 Torino
- Italy
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33
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Tulig K, Walton KS. An alternative UiO-66 synthesis for HCl-sensitive nanoparticle encapsulation. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra08856e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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34
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Falcaro P, Ricco R, Doherty CM, Liang K, Hill AJ, Styles MJ. MOF positioning technology and device fabrication. Chem Soc Rev 2014; 43:5513-60. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00089g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 531] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Methods for permanent localisation, dynamic localisation and spatial control of functional materials within MOF crystals are critical for the development of miniaturised MOF-based devices for a number of technological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Falcaro
- CSIRO Materials Science and Engineering
- Clayton, Australia
| | - Raffaele Ricco
- CSIRO Materials Science and Engineering
- Clayton, Australia
| | | | - Kang Liang
- CSIRO Process Science and Engineering
- Clayton, Australia
| | - Anita J. Hill
- CSIRO Process Science and Engineering
- Clayton, Australia
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35
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Lee DY, Kim EK, Shin CY, Shinde DV, Lee W, Shrestha NK, Lee JK, Han SH. Layer-by-layer deposition and photovoltaic property of Ru-based metal–organic frameworks. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra00397g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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