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Zhang J, Liu Y, Cui L, Hao S, Jiang D, Yu K, Mao S, Ren Y, Yang H. "Lattice Strain Matching"-Enabled Nanocomposite Design to Harness the Exceptional Mechanical Properties of Nanomaterials in Bulk Forms. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1904387. [PMID: 31538374 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201904387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Nanosized materials are known to have the ability to withstand ultralarge elastic strains (4-10%) and to have ultrahigh strengths approaching their theoretical limits. However, it is a long-standing challenge to harnessing their exceptional intrinsic mechanical properties in bulk forms. This is commonly known as "the valley of death" in nanocomposite design. In 2013, a breakthrough was made to overcome this challenge by using a martensitic phase transforming matrix to create a composite in which ultralarge elastic lattice strains up to 6.7% are achieved in Nb nanoribbons embedded in it. This breakthrough was enabled by a novel concept of phase transformation assisted lattice strain matching between the uniform ultralarge elastic strains (4-10%) of nanomaterials and the uniform crystallographic lattice distortion strains (4-10%) of the martensitic phase transformation of the matrix. This novel concept has opened new opportunities for developing materials of exceptional mechanical properties or enhanced functional properties that are not possible before. The work in progress in this research over the past six years is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junsong Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Yinong Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Lishan Cui
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Changping, Beijing, 102249, China
| | - Shijie Hao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Changping, Beijing, 102249, China
| | - Daqiang Jiang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Changping, Beijing, 102249, China
| | - Kaiyuan Yu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Changping, Beijing, 102249, China
| | - Shengcheng Mao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Yang Ren
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
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Origin of high strength, low modulus superelasticity in nanowire-shape memory alloy composites. Sci Rep 2017; 7:46360. [PMID: 28402321 PMCID: PMC5389356 DOI: 10.1038/srep46360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
An open question is the underlying mechanisms for a recent discovered nanocomposite, which composed of shape memory alloy (SMA) matrix with embedded metallic nanowires (NWs), demonstrating novel mechanical properties, such as large quasi-linear elastic strain, low Young’s modulus and high yield strength. We use finite element simulations to investigate the interplay between the superelasticity of SMA matrix and the elastic-plastic deformation of embedded NWs. Our results show that stress transfer plays a dominated role in determining the quasi-linear behavior of the nanocomposite. The corresponding microstructure evolution indicate that the transfer is due to the coupling between plastic deformation within the NWs and martensitic transformation in the matrix, i.e., the martensitic transformation of the SMA matrix promotes local plastic deformation nearby, and the high plastic strain region of NWs retains considerable martensite in the surrounding SMA matrix, thus facilitating continues martensitic transformation in subsequent loading. Based on these findings, we propose a general criterion for achieving quasi-linear elasticity.
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Revealing ultralarge and localized elastic lattice strains in Nb nanowires embedded in NiTi matrix. Sci Rep 2015; 5:17530. [PMID: 26625854 PMCID: PMC4667184 DOI: 10.1038/srep17530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Freestanding nanowires have been found to exhibit ultra-large elastic strains (4 to 7%) and ultra-high strengths, but exploiting their intrinsic superior mechanical properties in bulk forms has proven to be difficult. A recent study has demonstrated that ultra-large elastic strains of ~6% can be achieved in Nb nanowires embedded in a NiTi matrix, on the principle of lattice strain matching. To verify this hypothesis, this study investigated the elastic deformation behavior of a Nb nanowire embedded in NiTi matrix by means of in situ transmission electron microscopic measurement during tensile deformation. The experimental work revealed that ultra-large local elastic lattice strains of up to 8% are induced in the Nb nanowire in regions adjacent to stress-induced martensite domains in the NiTi matrix, whilst other parts of the nanowires exhibit much reduced lattice strains when adjacent to the untransformed austenite in the NiTi matrix. These observations provide a direct evidence of the proposed mechanism of lattice strain matching, thus a novel approach to designing nanocomposites of superior mechanical properties.
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