1
|
Thompson MG, Incha MR, Pearson AN, Schmidt M, Sharpless WA, Eiben CB, Cruz-Morales P, Blake-Hedges JM, Liu Y, Adams CA, Haushalter RW, Krishna RN, Lichtner P, Blank LM, Mukhopadhyay A, Deutschbauer AM, Shih PM, Keasling JD. Fatty Acid and Alcohol Metabolism in Pseudomonas putida: Functional Analysis Using Random Barcode Transposon Sequencing. Appl Environ Microbiol 2020; 86:e01665-20. [PMID: 32826213 PMCID: PMC7580535 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01665-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
With its ability to catabolize a wide variety of carbon sources and a growing engineering toolkit, Pseudomonas putida KT2440 is emerging as an important chassis organism for metabolic engineering. Despite advances in our understanding of the organism, many gaps remain in our knowledge of the genetic basis of its metabolic capabilities. The gaps are particularly noticeable in our understanding of both fatty acid and alcohol catabolism, where many paralogs putatively coding for similar enzymes coexist, making biochemical assignment via sequence homology difficult. To rapidly assign function to the enzymes responsible for these metabolisms, we leveraged random barcode transposon sequencing (RB-Tn-Seq). Global fitness analyses of transposon libraries grown on 13 fatty acids and 10 alcohols produced strong phenotypes for hundreds of genes. Fitness data from mutant pools grown on fatty acids of varying chain lengths indicated specific enzyme substrate preferences and enabled us to hypothesize that DUF1302/DUF1329 family proteins potentially function as esterases. From the data, we also postulate catabolic routes for the two biogasoline molecules isoprenol and isopentanol, which are catabolized via leucine metabolism after initial oxidation and activation with coenzyme A (CoA). Because fatty acids and alcohols may serve as both feedstocks and final products of metabolic-engineering efforts, the fitness data presented here will help guide future genomic modifications toward higher titers, rates, and yields.IMPORTANCE To engineer novel metabolic pathways into P. putida, a comprehensive understanding of the genetic basis of its versatile metabolism is essential. Here, we provide functional evidence for the putative roles of hundreds of genes involved in the fatty acid and alcohol metabolism of the bacterium. These data provide a framework facilitating precise genetic changes to prevent product degradation and to channel the flux of specific pathway intermediates as desired.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell G Thompson
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, USA
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
- Department of Plant Biology, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Matthew R Incha
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, USA
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Allison N Pearson
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, USA
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Matthias Schmidt
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, USA
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
- Institute of Applied Microbiology (iAMB), Aachen Biology and Biotechnology (ABBt), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - William A Sharpless
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, USA
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Christopher B Eiben
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, USA
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
- Joint Program in Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Pablo Cruz-Morales
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, USA
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
- Centro de Biotecnología FEMSA, Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, Monterrey, México
| | - Jacquelyn M Blake-Hedges
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, USA
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Yuzhong Liu
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, USA
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Catharine A Adams
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Robert W Haushalter
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, USA
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Rohith N Krishna
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, USA
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Patrick Lichtner
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, USA
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Lars M Blank
- Institute of Applied Microbiology (iAMB), Aachen Biology and Biotechnology (ABBt), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Aindrila Mukhopadhyay
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, USA
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Adam M Deutschbauer
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Patrick M Shih
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, USA
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
- Department of Plant Biology, University of California, Davis, California, USA
- Environmental and Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Jay D Keasling
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, USA
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
- Joint Program in Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
- Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
- Center for Synthetic Biochemistry, Institute for Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes for Advanced Technologies, Shenzhen, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kampers LFC, Volkers RJM, Martins dos Santos VAP. Pseudomonas putida KT2440 is HV1 certified, not GRAS. Microb Biotechnol 2019; 12:845-848. [PMID: 31199068 PMCID: PMC6680625 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas putida is rapidly becoming a workhorse for industrial production due to its metabolic versatility, genetic accessibility and stress-resistance properties. The P. putida strain KT2440 is often described as Generally Regarded as Safe, or GRAS, indicating the strain is safe to use as food additive. This description is incorrect. P. putida KT2440 is classified by the FDA as HV1 certified, indicating it is safe to use in a P1 or ML1 environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linde F. C. Kampers
- Laboratory of Systems and Synthetic BiologyWageningen University and Research CentreStippeneng 46708WageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Rita J. M. Volkers
- Laboratory of Systems and Synthetic BiologyWageningen University and Research CentreStippeneng 46708WageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Vitor A. P. Martins dos Santos
- Laboratory of Systems and Synthetic BiologyWageningen University and Research CentreStippeneng 46708WageningenThe Netherlands
- Lifeglimmer GmbHMarkelstr. 3812163BerlinGermany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang Y, Xiao D, Liu Q, Zhang Y, Hu C, Sun J, Yang C, Xu P, Ma C, Gao C. Two NAD-independent l-lactate dehydrogenases drive l-lactate utilization in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2018; 10:569-575. [PMID: 30066495 DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.12666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa often establishes a chronic infection in the airways of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). l-Lactate is the most abundant carbon source in the CF sputum, and l-lactate utilization may be important for P. aeruginosa to survive in the lungs of CF patients. In this study, the key enzymes involved in l-lactate utilization by P. aeruginosa PAO1 were characterized using the synthetic CF sputum medium (SCFM). A highly conserved membrane-bound NAD-independent l-lactate dehydrogenase (l-iLDH) encoded by lldD (PA4771) and a novel flavin-containing membrane-bound l-iLDH encoded by lldA (PA2382) were both found to contribute to l-lactate utilization by P. aeruginosa PAO1. In addition, an lldD and lldA double mutant was incapable of growing in a medium containing l-lactate as the sole carbon source. This study clarifies the mechanism and importance of l-lactate catabolism, and demonstrates the first Pseudomonas spp. expressing two l-lactate-oxidizing enzymes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yujiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuyuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Yipeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunxia Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinkai Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuiqing Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu Q, Liu Y, Kang Z, Xiao D, Gao C, Xu P, Ma C. 2,3-Butanediol catabolism in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. Environ Microbiol 2018; 20:3927-3940. [PMID: 30058099 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.14332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
2,3-Butanediol (2,3-BD) is a primary microbial metabolite that enhances the virulence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and alters the lung microbiome. 2,3-BD exists in three stereoisomeric forms: (2R,3R)-2,3-BD, meso-2,3-BD and (2S,3S)-2,3-BD. In this study, we investigated whether and how P. aeruginosa PAO1 utilizes these 2,3-BD stereoisomers and showed that all three stereoisomers were transformed into acetoin by (2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase (BDH) or (2S,3S)-2,3-BDH. Acetoin was cleaved to form acetyl-CoA and acetaldehyde by acetoin dehydrogenase enzyme system (AoDH ES). Genes encoding (2R,3R)-2,3-BDH, (2S,3S)-2,3-BDH and the E1 and E2 components of AoDH ES were identified as part of a new 2,3-BD utilization operon. In addition, the regulatory protein AcoR promoted the expression of this operon using acetaldehyde, a cleavage product of acetoin, as its direct effector. The results of this study elucidate the integrated catabolic role of 2,3-BD and may provide new insights in P. aeruginosa-related infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Yidong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoqi Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuiqing Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China.,Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University, Shenzhen 518057, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sun J, Wang Q, Jiang Y, Wen Z, Yang L, Wu J, Yang S. Genome editing and transcriptional repression in Pseudomonas putida KT2440 via the type II CRISPR system. Microb Cell Fact 2018. [PMID: 29534717 PMCID: PMC5851096 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-018-0887-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The soil bacterium Pseudomonas putida KT2440 is a “generally recognized as safe”-certified strain with robust property and versatile metabolism. Thus, it is an ideal candidate for synthetic biology, biodegradation, and other biotechnology applications. The known genome editing approaches of Pseudomonas are suboptimal; thus, it is necessary to develop a high efficiency genome editing tool. Results In this study, we established a fast and convenient CRISPR–Cas9 method in P. putida KT2440. Gene deletion, gene insertion and gene replacement could be achieved within 5 days, and the mutation efficiency reached > 70%. Single nucleotide replacement could be realized, overcoming the limitations of protospacer adjacent motif sequences. We also applied nuclease-deficient Cas9 binding at three locations upstream of enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) for transcriptional inhibition, and the expression intensity of eGFP reduced to 28.5, 29.4, and 72.1% of the control level, respectively. Furthermore, based on this CRISPR–Cas9 system, we also constructed a CRISPR–Cpf1 system, which we validated for genome editing in P. putida KT2440. Conclusions In this research, we established CRISPR based genome editing and regulation control systems in P. putida KT2440. These fast and efficient approaches will greatly facilitate the application of P. putida KT2440.![]() Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12934-018-0887-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Sun
- Institute of Bioengineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Qingzhuo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Shanghai Research and Development Center of Industrial Biotechnology, Shanghai, 201206, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wen
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Lirong Yang
- Institute of Bioengineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Jianping Wu
- Institute of Bioengineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
| | - Sheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Shanghai Research and Development Center of Industrial Biotechnology, Shanghai, 201206, China. .,Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, SICAM, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang Y, Jiang T, Sheng B, Long Y, Gao C, Ma C, Xu P. Coexistence of two d-lactate-utilizing systems in Pseudomonas putida KT2440. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2016; 8:699-707. [PMID: 27264531 DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.12429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Revised: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
It is advantageous for rhizosphere-dwelling microorganisms to utilize organic acids such as lactate. Pseudomonas putida KT2440 is one of the most widely studied rhizosphere-dwelling model organisms. The P. putida KT2440 genome contains an NAD-dependent d-lactate dehydrogenase encoding gene, but mutation of this gene does not play a role in d-lactate utilization. Instead, it was found that d-lactate utilization in P. putida KT2440 proceeds via a multidomain NAD-independent d-lactate dehydrogenase with a C-terminal domain containing several Fe-S cluster-binding motifs (Fe-S d-iLDH) and glycolate oxidase, which is widely distributed in various microorganisms. Both Fe-S d-iLDH and glycolate oxidase were identified to be membrane-bound proteins. Neither Fe-S d-iLDH nor glycolate oxidase is constitutively expressed but both of them can be induced by either enantiomer of lactate in P. putida KT2440. This study shows a case in which an environmental microbe contains two types of enzymes specific for d-lactate utilization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingxin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianyi Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, People's Republic of China
| | - Binbin Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangdanyu Long
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuiqing Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yao P, Cui Y, Yu S, Du Y, Feng J, Wu Q, Zhu D. Efficient Biosynthesis of (R)- or (S)-2-Hydroxybutyrate froml-Threonine through a Synthetic Biology Approach. Adv Synth Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201600468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peiyuan Yao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology; Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic Area Tianjin 300308 People's Republic of China
| | - Yunfeng Cui
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology; Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic Area Tianjin 300308 People's Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Yu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology; Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic Area Tianjin 300308 People's Republic of China
| | - Yuncheng Du
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology; Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic Area Tianjin 300308 People's Republic of China
| | - Jinhui Feng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology; Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic Area Tianjin 300308 People's Republic of China
| | - Qiaqing Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology; Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic Area Tianjin 300308 People's Republic of China
| | - Dunming Zhu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology; Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic Area Tianjin 300308 People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wang Y, Zhang Y, Jiang T, Meng J, Sheng B, Yang C, Gao C, Xu P, Ma C. A novel biocatalyst for efficient production of 2-oxo-carboxylates using glycerol as the cost-effective carbon source. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2015; 8:186. [PMID: 26609321 PMCID: PMC4659176 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-015-0368-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The surplus of glycerol has increased remarkably as a main byproduct during the biofuel's production. Exploiting an alternative route for glycerol utilization is significantly important for sustainability of biofuels. RESULTS A novel biocatalyst that could be prepared from glycerol for producing 2-oxo-carboxylates was developed. First, Pseudomonas putida KT2440 was reconstructed by deleting lldR to develop a mutant expressing the NAD-independent lactate dehydrogenases (iLDHs) constitutively. Then, the Vitreoscilla hemoglobin (VHb) was heterologously expressed to further improve the biotransformation activity. The reconstructed strain, P. putida KT2440 (ΔlldR)/pBSPPcGm-vgb, exhibited high activities of iLDHs when cultured with glycerol as the carbon source. This cost-effective biocatalyst could efficiently produce pyruvate and 2-oxobutyrate from dl-lactate and dl-2-hydroxybutyrate with high molar conversion rates of 91.9 and 99.8 %, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The process would not only be a promising alternative for the production of 2-oxo-carboxylates, but also be an example for preparation of efficient biocatalysts for the value-added utilization of glycerol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yujiao Wang
- />State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingxin Zhang
- />State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100 People’s Republic of China
| | - Tianyi Jiang
- />State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Meng
- />State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100 People’s Republic of China
| | - Binbin Sheng
- />State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100 People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunyu Yang
- />State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100 People’s Republic of China
| | - Chao Gao
- />State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ping Xu
- />State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100 People’s Republic of China
- />State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240 People’s Republic of China
| | - Cuiqing Ma
- />State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100 People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|