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Rahman MF, Kurlovs AH, Vodnala M, Meibalan E, Means TK, Nouri N, de Rinaldis E, Savova V. Immune disease dialogue of chemokine-based cell communications as revealed by single-cell RNA sequencing meta-analysis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.17.603936. [PMID: 39071425 PMCID: PMC11275869 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.17.603936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Immune-mediated diseases are characterized by aberrant immune responses, posing significant challenges to global health. In both inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, dysregulated immune reactions mediated by tissue-residing immune and non-immune cells precipitate chronic inflammation and tissue damage that is amplified by peripheral immune cell extravasation into the tissue. Chemokine receptors are pivotal in orchestrating immune cell migration, yet deciphering the signaling code across cell types, diseases and tissues remains an open challenge. To delineate disease-specific cell-cell communications involved in immune cell migration, we conducted a meta-analysis of publicly available single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data across diverse immune diseases and tissues. Our comprehensive analysis spanned multiple immune disorders affecting major organs: atopic dermatitis and psoriasis (skin), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (lung), ulcerative colitis (colon), IgA nephropathy and lupus nephritis (kidney). By interrogating ligand-receptor (L-R) interactions, alterations in cell proportions, and differential gene expression, we unveiled intricate disease-specific and common immune cell chemoattraction and extravasation patterns. Our findings delineate disease-specific L-R networks and shed light on shared immune responses across tissues and diseases. Insights gleaned from this analysis hold promise for the development of targeted therapeutics aimed at modulating immune cell migration to mitigate inflammation and tissue damage. This nuanced understanding of immune cell dynamics at the single-cell resolution opens avenues for precision medicine in immune disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mouly F. Rahman
- Precision Medicine and Computational Biology, Sanofi US, Cambridge, MA 02141, United States
| | - Andre H. Kurlovs
- Precision Medicine and Computational Biology, Sanofi US, Cambridge, MA 02141, United States
| | - Munender Vodnala
- Precision Medicine and Computational Biology, Sanofi US, Cambridge, MA 02141, United States
| | - Elamaran Meibalan
- Precision Medicine and Computational Biology, Sanofi US, Cambridge, MA 02141, United States
| | - Terry K. Means
- Immunology & Inflammation Research Therapeutic Area, Sanofi US, Cambridge, MA 02141, United States
| | - Nima Nouri
- Precision Medicine and Computational Biology, Sanofi US, Cambridge, MA 02141, United States
| | - Emanuele de Rinaldis
- Precision Medicine and Computational Biology, Sanofi US, Cambridge, MA 02141, United States
| | - Virginia Savova
- Precision Medicine and Computational Biology, Sanofi US, Cambridge, MA 02141, United States
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2
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Cui Y, Rolova T, Fagerholm SC. The role of integrins in brain health and neurodegenerative diseases. Eur J Cell Biol 2024; 103:151441. [PMID: 39002282 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2024.151441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Integrins are heterodimeric membrane proteins expressed on the surface of most cells. They mediate adhesion and signaling processes relevant for a wealth of physiological processes, including nervous system development and function. Interestingly, integrins are also recognized therapeutic targets for inflammatory diseases, such as multiple sclerosis. Here, we discuss the role of integrins in brain development and function, as well as in neurodegenerative diseases affecting the brain (Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, stroke). Furthermore, we discuss therapeutic targeting of these adhesion receptors in inflammatory diseases of the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhao Cui
- Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00790, Finland
| | - Taisia Rolova
- Neuroscience Center, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00290, Finland
| | - Susanna C Fagerholm
- Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00790, Finland.
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3
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Wu Y, Wang Q, Jia S, Lu Q, Zhao M. Gut-tropic T cells and extra-intestinal autoimmune diseases. Autoimmun Rev 2024:103544. [PMID: 38604462 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2024.103544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Gut-tropic T cells primarily originate from gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT), and gut-tropic integrins mediate the trafficking of the T cells to the gastrointestinal tract, where their interplay with local hormones dictates the residence of the immune cells in both normal and compromised gastrointestinal tissues. Targeting gut-tropic integrins is an effective therapy for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Gut-tropic T cells are further capable of entering the peripheral circulatory system and relocating to multiple organs. There is mounting evidence indicating a correlation between gut-tropic T cells and extra-intestinal autoimmune disorders. This review aims to systematically discuss the origin, migration, and residence of gut-tropic T cells and their association with extra-intestinal autoimmune-related diseases. These discoveries are expected to offer new understandings into the development of a range of autoimmune disorders, as well as innovative approaches for preventing and treating the diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Wu
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing 210042, China; Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410011 Changsha, China
| | - Qiaolin Wang
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing 210042, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Sujie Jia
- Department of Pharmacy, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Qianjin Lu
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing 210042, China; Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410011 Changsha, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing 210042, China.
| | - Ming Zhao
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing 210042, China; Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410011 Changsha, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing 210042, China.
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4
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Graber DJ, Cook WJ, Sentman ML, Murad-Mabaera JM, Sentman CL. Human CD4+CD25+ T cells expressing a chimeric antigen receptor against aberrant superoxide dismutase 1 trigger antigen-specific immunomodulation. Cytotherapy 2024; 26:126-135. [PMID: 38043051 PMCID: PMC10872388 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2023.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal disease associated with motor neuron degeneration, accumulation of aggregated misfolded proteins and neuroinflammation in motor regions of the central nervous system (CNS). Clinical trials using regulatory T cells (Tregs) are ongoing because of Tregs' immunomodulatory function, ability to traffic to the CNS, high numbers correlating with slower disease in ALS and disease-modifying activity in ALS mouse models. In the current study, a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) was developed and characterized in human Tregs to enhance their immunomodulatory activity when in contact with an ALS protein aggregate. METHODS A CAR (DG05-28-3z) consisting of a human superoxide dismutase 1 (hSOD1)-binding single-chain variable fragment, CD28 hinge, transmembrane and co-stimulatory domain and CD3ζ signaling domain was created and expressed in human Tregs. Human Tregs were isolated by either magnetic enrichment for CD4+CD25hi cells (Enr-Tregs) or cell sorting for CD4+CD25hiCD127lo cells (FP-Tregs), transduced and expanded for 17 days. RESULTS The CAR bound preferentially to the ALS mutant G93A-hSOD1 protein relative to the wild-type hSOD1 protein. The CAR Tregs produced IL-10 when cultured with aggregated G93A-hSOD1 proteins or spinal cord explants from G93A-hSOD1 transgenic mice. Co-culturing DG05-28-3z CAR Tregs with human monocytes/macrophages inhibited production of tumor necrosis factor alpha and reactive oxygen species. Expanded FP-Tregs resulted in more robust Tregs compared with Enr-Tregs. FP-Tregs produced similar IL-10 and less interferon gamma, had lower Treg-specific demethylated region methylation and expressed higher FoxP3 and CD39. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, this study demonstrates that gene-modified Tregs can be developed to target an aggregated ALS-relevant protein to elicit CAR-mediated Treg effector functions and provides an approach for generating Treg therapies for ALS with the goal of enhanced disease site-specific immunomodulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Graber
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA; Center for Synthetic Immunity, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
| | - W James Cook
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA; Center for Synthetic Immunity, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Marie-Louise Sentman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA; Center for Synthetic Immunity, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
| | | | - Charles L Sentman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA; Center for Synthetic Immunity, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA.
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5
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Modvig S, Jeyakumar J, Marquart HV, Christensen C. Integrins and the Metastasis-like Dissemination of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia to the Central Nervous System. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15092504. [PMID: 37173970 PMCID: PMC10177281 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15092504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) disseminates with high prevalence to the central nervous system (CNS) in a process resembling aspects of the CNS surveillance of normal immune cells as well as aspects of brain metastasis from solid cancers. Importantly, inside the CNS, the ALL blasts are typically confined within the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-filled cavities of the subarachnoid space, which they use as a sanctuary protected from both chemotherapy and immune cells. At present, high cumulative doses of intrathecal chemotherapy are administered to patients, but this is associated with neurotoxicity and CNS relapse still occurs. Thus, it is imperative to identify markers and novel therapy targets specific to CNS ALL. Integrins represent a family of adhesion molecules involved in cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions, implicated in the adhesion and migration of metastatic cancer cells, normal immune cells, and leukemic blasts. The ability of integrins to also facilitate cell-adhesion mediated drug resistance, combined with recent discoveries of integrin-dependent routes of leukemic cells into the CNS, have sparked a renewed interest in integrins as markers and therapeutic targets in CNS leukemia. Here, we review the roles of integrins in CNS surveillance by normal lymphocytes, dissemination to the CNS by ALL cells, and brain metastasis from solid cancers. Furthermore, we discuss whether ALL dissemination to the CNS abides by known hallmarks of metastasis, and the potential roles of integrins in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Signe Modvig
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jenani Jeyakumar
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hanne Vibeke Marquart
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Claus Christensen
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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6
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Zhang Q, Zhang S, Chen J, Xie Z. The Interplay between Integrins and Immune Cells as a Regulator in Cancer Immunology. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:6170. [PMID: 37047140 PMCID: PMC10093897 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Integrins are a group of heterodimers consisting of α and β subunits that mediate a variety of physiological activities of immune cells, including cell migration, adhesion, proliferation, survival, and immunotolerance. Multiple types of integrins act differently on the same immune cells, while the same integrin may exert various effects on different immune cells. In the development of cancer, integrins are involved in the regulation of cancer cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and angiogenesis; conversely, integrins promote immune cell aggregation to mediate the elimination of tumors. The important roles of integrins in cancer progression have provided valuable clues for the diagnosis and targeted treatment of cancer. Furthermore, many integrin inhibitors have been investigated in clinical trials to explore effective regimens and reduce side effects. Due to the complexity of the mechanism of integrin-mediated cancer progression, challenges remain in the research and development of cancer immunotherapies (CITs). This review enumerates the effects of integrins on four types of immune cells and the potential mechanisms involved in the progression of cancer, which will provide ideas for more optimal CIT in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingfang Zhang
- College of Basic Medical, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- Queen Mary School, Medical Department, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- College of Basic Medical, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- Queen Mary School, Medical Department, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Jianrui Chen
- College of Basic Medical, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- Queen Mary School, Medical Department, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Zhenzhen Xie
- College of Basic Medical, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
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7
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Verreycken J, Baeten P, Broux B. Regulatory T cell therapy for multiple sclerosis: Breaching (blood-brain) barriers. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2022; 18:2153534. [PMID: 36576251 PMCID: PMC9891682 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2153534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disorder causing demyelination and neurodegeneration in the central nervous system. MS is characterized by disturbed motor performance and cognitive impairment. Current MS treatments delay disease progression and reduce relapse rates with general immunomodulation, yet curative therapies are still lacking. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are able to suppress autoreactive immune cells, which drive MS pathology. However, Tregs are functionally impaired in people with MS. Interestingly, Tregs were recently reported to also have regenerative capacity. Therefore, experts agree that Treg cell therapy has the potential to ameliorate the disease. However, to perform their local anti-inflammatory and regenerative functions in the brain, they must first migrate across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). This review summarizes the reported results concerning the migration of Tregs across the BBB and the influence of Tregs on migration of other immune subsets. Finally, their therapeutic potential is discussed in the context of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janne Verreycken
- Neuro-Immune Connections and Repair Lab, Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium,University MS Center, Campus Diepenbeek, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Paulien Baeten
- Neuro-Immune Connections and Repair Lab, Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium,University MS Center, Campus Diepenbeek, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Bieke Broux
- Neuro-Immune Connections and Repair Lab, Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium,University MS Center, Campus Diepenbeek, Diepenbeek, Belgium,CONTACT Bieke Broux Neuro-Immune Connections and Repair Lab, Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Martelarenlaan 42, Hasselt 3500, Belgium
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8
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Reschke R, Shapiro JW, Yu J, Rouhani SJ, Olson DJ, Zha Y, Gajewski TF. Checkpoint Blockade-Induced Dermatitis and Colitis Are Dominated by Tissue-Resident Memory T Cells and Th1/Tc1 Cytokines. Cancer Immunol Res 2022; 10:1167-1174. [PMID: 35977003 PMCID: PMC9530647 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-22-0362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade is therapeutically successful for many patients across multiple cancer types. However, immune-related adverse events (irAE) frequently occur and can sometimes be life threatening. It is critical to understand the immunologic mechanisms of irAEs with the goal of finding novel treatment targets. Herein, we report our analysis of tissues from patients with irAE dermatitis using multiparameter immunofluorescence (IF), spatial transcriptomics, and RNA in situ hybridization (RISH). Skin psoriasis cases were studied as a comparison, as a known Th17-driven disease, and colitis was investigated as a comparison. IF analysis revealed that CD4+ and CD8+ tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells were preferentially expanded in the inflamed portion of skin in cutaneous irAEs compared with healthy skin controls. Spatial transcriptomics allowed us to focus on areas containing TRM cells to discern functional phenotype and revealed expression of Th1-associated genes in irAEs, compared with Th17-asociated genes in psoriasis. Expression of PD-1, CTLA-4, LAG-3, and other inhibitory receptors was observed in irAE cases. RISH technology combined with IF confirmed expression of IFNγ, CXCL9, CXCL10, and TNFα in irAE dermatitis, as well as IFNγ within TRM cells specifically. The Th1-skewed phenotype was confirmed in irAE colitis cases compared with healthy colon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Reschke
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jason W. Shapiro
- Center for Research Informatics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jovian Yu
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Sherin J. Rouhani
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Daniel J. Olson
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Yuanyuan Zha
- Human Immunological Monitoring Facility, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Thomas F. Gajewski
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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9
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Heng AHS, Han CW, Abbott C, McColl SR, Comerford I. Chemokine-Driven Migration of Pro-Inflammatory CD4 + T Cells in CNS Autoimmune Disease. Front Immunol 2022; 13:817473. [PMID: 35250997 PMCID: PMC8889115 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.817473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pro-inflammatory CD4+ T helper (Th) cells drive the pathogenesis of many autoimmune conditions. Recent advances have modified views of the phenotype of pro-inflammatory Th cells in autoimmunity, extending the breadth of known Th cell subsets that operate as drivers of these responses. Heterogeneity and plasticity within Th1 and Th17 cells, and the discovery of subsets of Th cells dedicated to production of other pro-inflammatory cytokines such as GM-CSF have led to these advances. Here, we review recent progress in this area and focus specifically upon evidence for chemokine receptors that drive recruitment of these various pro-inflammatory Th cell subsets to sites of autoimmune inflammation in the CNS. We discuss expression of specific chemokine receptors by subsets of pro-inflammatory Th cells and highlight which receptors may be tractable targets of therapeutic interventions to limit pathogenic Th cell recruitment in autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron H S Heng
- The Chemokine Biology Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Biomedical Science, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Caleb W Han
- The Chemokine Biology Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Biomedical Science, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Caitlin Abbott
- The Chemokine Biology Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Biomedical Science, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Shaun R McColl
- The Chemokine Biology Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Biomedical Science, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Iain Comerford
- The Chemokine Biology Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Biomedical Science, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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10
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Estrada Brull A, Panetti C, Joller N. Moving to the Outskirts: Interplay Between Regulatory T Cells and Peripheral Tissues. Front Immunol 2022; 13:864628. [PMID: 35572535 PMCID: PMC9099010 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.864628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) restrain excessive immune responses and dampen inflammation. In addition to this classical immune suppressive role, Tregs in non-lymphoid tissues also promote tissue homeostasis, regeneration and repair. In this review, we outline our current understanding of how Tregs migrate to peripheral tissues and the factors required for their maintenance at these sites. We discuss the tissue-specific adaptations of Tregs at barrier and immuno-privileged sites and the mechanisms that regulate their function within these organs. Furthermore, we outline what is known about the interactions of Tregs with non-immune cells in the different peripheral tissues at steady state and upon challenge or tissue damage. A thorough understanding of the tissue-specific adaptations and functions of Tregs will potentially pave the way for therapeutic approaches targeting their regenerative role.
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11
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A recombinant VSV-vectored vaccine rapidly protects nonhuman primates against lethal Nipah virus disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2200065119. [PMID: 35286211 PMCID: PMC8944267 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2200065119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Concern has increased about the pandemic potential of Nipah virus (NiV). Similar to SARS-CoV-2, NiV is an RNA virus that is transmitted by respiratory droplets. There are currently no NiV vaccines licensed for human use. While several preventive vaccines have shown promise in protecting animals against lethal NiV disease, most studies have assessed protection 1 mo after vaccination. However, in order to contain and control outbreaks, vaccines that can rapidly confer protection in days rather than months are needed. Here, we show that a recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus vector expressing the NiV glycoprotein can completely protect monkeys vaccinated 7 d prior to NiV exposure and 67% of animals vaccinated 3 d before NiV challenge. Nipah virus (NiV) is an emerging highly lethal zoonotic disease that, like SARS-CoV-2, can be transmitted via respiratory droplets. Single-injection vaccines that rapidly control NiV outbreaks are needed. To assess the ability of a vaccine to induce fast-acting protection, we immunized African green monkeys with a recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) expressing the Bangladesh strain glycoprotein (NiVBG) of NiV (rVSV-ΔG-NiVBG). Monkeys were challenged 3 or 7 d later with a lethal dose of NiVB. All monkeys vaccinated with rVSV-ΔG-NiVBG 7 d prior to NiVB exposure were protected from lethal disease, while 67% of animals vaccinated 3 d before NiVB challenge survived. Vaccine protection correlated with natural killer cell and cytotoxic T cell transcriptional signatures, whereas lethality was linked to sustained interferon signaling. NiV G-specific antibodies in vaccinated survivors corroborated additional transcriptomic findings, supporting activation of humoral immunity. This study demonstrates that rVSV-based vaccines may have utility in rapidly protecting humans against NiV infection.
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12
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Ikeshima-Kataoka H, Sugimoto C, Tsubokawa T. Integrin Signaling in the Central Nervous System in Animals and Human Brain Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031435. [PMID: 35163359 PMCID: PMC8836133 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The integrin family is involved in various biological functions, including cell proliferation, differentiation and migration, and also in the pathogenesis of disease. Integrins are multifunctional receptors that exist as heterodimers composed of α and β subunits and bind to various ligands, including extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins; they are found in many animals, not only vertebrates (e.g., mouse, rat, and teleost fish), but also invertebrates (e.g., planarian flatworm, fruit fly, nematodes, and cephalopods), which are used for research on genetics and social behaviors or as models for human diseases. In the present paper, we describe the results of a phylogenetic tree analysis of the integrin family among these species. We summarize integrin signaling in teleost fish, which serves as an excellent model for the study of regenerative systems and possesses the ability for replacing missing tissues, especially in the central nervous system, which has not been demonstrated in mammals. In addition, functions of astrocytes and reactive astrocytes, which contain neuroprotective subpopulations that act in concert with the ECM proteins tenascin C and osteopontin via integrin are also reviewed. Drug development research using integrin as a therapeutic target could result in breakthroughs for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and brain injury in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroko Ikeshima-Kataoka
- Department of Biology, Keio University, 4-1-1, Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama-shi 223-8521, Japan; (C.S.); (T.T.)
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
- Correspondence:
| | - Chikatoshi Sugimoto
- Department of Biology, Keio University, 4-1-1, Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama-shi 223-8521, Japan; (C.S.); (T.T.)
| | - Tatsuya Tsubokawa
- Department of Biology, Keio University, 4-1-1, Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama-shi 223-8521, Japan; (C.S.); (T.T.)
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13
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Borzouei S, Mohamadtaheri M, Zamani A, Behzad M. Reduced frequency and functional potency of CD49d - T regulatory cells in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus. Immunobiology 2021; 226:152113. [PMID: 34247018 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2021.152113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
This study set out to check the quantitative and qualitative properties of peripheral CD4+CD25+CD49d- T regulatory (CD49d- Treg) cells in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. This work comprised 35 newly diagnosed patients and 35 healthy controls (HCs). The frequency of FoxP3 expressing CD49d- Treg cells was determined by flow cytometry. The gene expression of FoxP3 and CD49d was assessed by real-time PCR. Suppression assays with purified CD49d- Treg cells and CD4+CD25- T conventional (Tconv) cells were done by flow cytometry. The supernatants of Tconv/CD49d- Treg co-cultures were tested for IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-17, and IL-10 using ELISA. The frequency of CD49d- Treg cells (by both CD4+CD25+CD49d- and CD4+CD25++CD49d- phenotypes) observed to be reduced in patients versus HCs. In the patients, decreased protein and gene expression of FoxP3 was seen in CD49d- Treg cells. Suppressive potency of CD49d- Treg cells to inhibit Tconv cells proliferation was diminished, and inversely related to fasting plasma glucose and hemoglobin A1c in the patients. Tconv cells from T2DM patients released higher amount of IL-17 and lower concentration of IL-10 versus HCs. In Tconv/CD49d- Tregs co-cultures, decreased IL-17 and increased IL-10 levels were seen in HCs, but not T2DM patients. CD49d- Treg cells from the patients have a fundamental defect and Treg cells fail to inhibit the aggressive inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Borzouei
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mina Mohamadtaheri
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Alireza Zamani
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mahdi Behzad
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Possible Immunomodulatory Activity Mechanism of Chlorella sp. Exopolysaccharides on RAW264.7 Macrophages. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19040217. [PMID: 33919822 PMCID: PMC8070752 DOI: 10.3390/md19040217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the exopolysaccharides of Chlorella sp. (CEP) were isolated to obtain the purified fraction CEP4. Characterization results showed that CEP4 was a sulfated heteropolysaccharide. The main monosaccharide components of CEP4 are glucosamine hydrochloride (40.8%) and glucuronic acid (21.0%). The impact of CEP4 on the immune activity of RAW264.7 macrophage cytokines was detected, and the results showed that CEP4 induced the production of nitric oxide (NO), TNF-α, and IL-6 in a dose-dependent pattern within a range of 6 μg/mL. A total of 4824 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained from the results of RNA-seq. Gene enrichment analysis showed that immune-related genes such as NFKB1, IL-6, and IL-1β were significantly upregulated, while the genes RIPK1 and TLR4 were significantly downregulated. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that DEGs were significantly enriched in immune-related biological processes, including toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathway, cytosolic DNA-sensing pathway, and C-type lectin receptor signaling pathway. Protein–protein interaction (PPI) network analysis showed that HSP90AB1, Rbx1, ISG15, Psmb6, Psmb3, Psmb8, PSMA7, Polr2f, Rpsa, and NEDD8 were the hub genes with an essential role in the immune activity of CEP4. The preliminary results of the present study revealed the potential mechanism of CEP4 in the immune regulation of RAW264.7 macrophages, suggesting that CEP4 is a promising immunoregulatory agent.
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15
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The Functional Crosstalk between Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells and Regulatory T Cells within the Immunosuppressive Tumor Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13020210. [PMID: 33430105 PMCID: PMC7827203 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13020210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/1970] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Immunotherapy improved the therapeutic landscape for patients with advanced cancer diseases. However, many patients do not benefit from immunotherapy. The bidirectional crosstalk between myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) and regulatory T cells (Treg) contributes to immune evasion, limiting the success of immunotherapy by checkpoint inhibitors. This review aims to outline the current knowledge of the role and the immunosuppressive properties of MDSC and Treg within the tumor microenvironment (TME). Furthermore, we will discuss the importance of the functional crosstalk between MDSC and Treg for immunosuppression, issuing particularly the role of cell adhesion molecules. Lastly, we will depict the impact of this interaction for cancer research and discuss several strategies aimed to target these pathways for tumor therapy. Abstract Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have led to profound and durable tumor regression in some patients with metastatic cancer diseases. However, many patients still do not derive benefit from immunotherapy. Here, the accumulation of immunosuppressive cell populations within the tumor microenvironment (TME), such as myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC), tumor-associated macrophages (TAM), and regulatory T cells (Treg), contributes to the development of immune resistance. MDSC and Treg expand systematically in tumor patients and inhibit T cell activation and T effector cell function. Numerous studies have shown that the immunosuppressive mechanisms exerted by those inhibitory cell populations comprise soluble immunomodulatory mediators and receptor interactions. The latter are also required for the crosstalk of MDSC and Treg, raising questions about the relevance of cell–cell contacts for the establishment of their inhibitory properties. This review aims to outline the current knowledge on the crosstalk between these two cell populations, issuing particularly the potential role of cell adhesion molecules. In this regard, we further discuss the relevance of β2 integrins, which are essential for the differentiation and function of leukocytes as well as for MDSC–Treg interaction. Lastly, we aim to describe the impact of such bidirectional crosstalk for basic and applied cancer research and discuss how the targeting of these pathways might pave the way for future approaches in immunotherapy.
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Zondler L, Herich S, Kotte P, Körner K, Schneider-Hohendorf T, Wiendl H, Schwab N, Zarbock A. MCAM/CD146 Signaling via PLCγ1 Leads to Activation of β 1-Integrins in Memory T-Cells Resulting in Increased Brain Infiltration. Front Immunol 2020; 11:599936. [PMID: 33381120 PMCID: PMC7767877 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.599936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis is a chronic auto-inflammatory disease of the central nervous system affecting patients worldwide. Neuroinflammation in multiple sclerosis is mainly driven by peripheral immune cells which invade the central nervous system and cause neurodegenerative inflammation. To enter the target tissue, immune cells have to overcome the endothelium and transmigrate into the tissue. Numerous molecules mediate this process and, as they determine the tissue invasiveness of immune cells, display great therapeutic potential. Melanoma cell adhesion molecule (MCAM) is a membrane-anchored glycoprotein expressed by a subset of T-cells and MCAM+ T-cells have been shown to contribute to neuroinflammation in multiple sclerosis. The role of the MCAM molecule for brain invasion, however, remained largely unknown. In order to investigate the role of the MCAM molecule on T-cells, we used different in vitro and in vivo assays, including ex vivo flow chambers, biochemistry and microscopy experiments of the mouse brain. We demonstrate that MCAM directly mediates adhesion and that the engagement of MCAM induces intracellular signaling leading to β1-integrin activation on human T-cells. Furthermore, we show that MCAM engagement triggers the phosphorylation of PLCγ1 which is required for integrin activation and thus amplification of the cellular adhesive potential. To confirm the physiological relevance of our findings in vivo, we demonstrate that MCAM plays an important role in T-cell recruitment into the mouse brain. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that MCAM expressed on T-cells acts as an adhesion molecule and a signaling receptor that may trigger β1-integrin activation via PLCγ1 upon engagement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Zondler
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Sebastian Herich
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Petra Kotte
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Katharina Körner
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Tilman Schneider-Hohendorf
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Heinz Wiendl
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Nicholas Schwab
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Alexander Zarbock
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
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17
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Williams JL, Manivasagam S, Smith BC, Sim J, Vollmer LL, Daniels BP, Russell JH, Klein RS. Astrocyte-T cell crosstalk regulates region-specific neuroinflammation. Glia 2020; 68:1361-1374. [PMID: 31961459 PMCID: PMC7317491 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
During multiple sclerosis (MS), an inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system (CNS), symptoms, and outcomes are determined by the location of inflammatory lesions. While we and others have shown that T cell cytokines differentially regulate leukocyte entry into perivascular spaces and regional parenchymal localization in murine models of MS, the molecular mechanisms of this latter process are poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that astrocytes exhibit region-specific responses to T cell cytokines that promote hindbrain versus spinal cord neuroinflammation. Analysis of cytokine receptor expression in human astrocytes showed region-specific responsiveness to Th1 and Th17 inflammatory cytokines. Consistent with this, human and murine astrocytes treated with these cytokines exhibit differential expression of the T cell localizing molecules VCAM-1 and CXCR7 that is both cytokine and CNS region-specific. Using in vivo models of spinal cord versus brain stem trafficking of myelin-specific T cells and astrocyte-specific deletion strategies, we confirmed that Th1 and Th17 cytokines differentially regulate astrocyte expression of VCAM-1 and CXCR7 in these locations. Finally, stereotaxic injection of individual cytokines into the hindbrain or spinal cord revealed region- and cytokine-specific modulation of localizing cue expression by astrocytes. These findings identify a role for inflammatory cytokines in mediating local astrocyte-dependent mechanisms of immune cell trafficking within the CNS during neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L. Williams
- Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research InstituteCleveland Clinic FoundationClevelandOhio
- Department of MedicineWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouri
| | - Sindhu Manivasagam
- Department of MedicineWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouri
| | - Brandon C. Smith
- Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research InstituteCleveland Clinic FoundationClevelandOhio
| | - Julia Sim
- Department of Developmental BiologyWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouri
| | - Lauren L. Vollmer
- Department of MedicineWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouri
| | - Brian P. Daniels
- Department of MedicineWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouri
| | - John H. Russell
- Department of Developmental BiologyWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouri
| | - Robyn S. Klein
- Department of MedicineWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouri
- Department of Pathology and ImmunologyWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouri
- Department of Anatomy and NeurobiologyWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouri
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18
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Noor S, Sanchez JJ, Sun MS, Pervin Z, Sanchez JE, Havard MA, Epler LT, Nysus MV, Norenberg JP, Wagner CR, Davies S, Wagner JL, Savage DD, Jantzie LL, Mellios N, Milligan ED. The LFA-1 antagonist BIRT377 reverses neuropathic pain in prenatal alcohol-exposed female rats via actions on peripheral and central neuroimmune function in discrete pain-relevant tissue regions. Brain Behav Immun 2020; 87:339-358. [PMID: 31918004 PMCID: PMC7316595 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous reports show that moderate prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) poses a risk factor for developing neuropathic pain following adult-onset peripheral nerve injury in male rats. Recently, evidence suggests that immune-related mechanisms underlying neuropathic pain in females are different compared to males despite the fact that both sexes develop neuropathy of similar magnitude and duration following chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerve. Data suggest that the actions of peripheral T cells play a greater role in mediating neuropathy in females. The goal of the current study is to identify specificity of immune cell and cytokine changes between PAE and non-PAE neuropathic females by utilizing a well-characterized rodent model of sciatic nerve damage, in an effort to unmask unique signatures of immune-related factors underlying the risk of neuropathy from PAE. Cytokines typically associated with myeloid cell actions such as interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), IL-6, IL-4 and IL-10 as well as the neutrophil chemoattractant CXCL1, are examined. In addition, transcription factors and cytokines associated with various differentiated T cell subtypes are examined (anti-inflammatory FOXP3, proinflammatory IL-17A, IL-21, ROR-γt, interferon (IFN)-γ and T-bet). Lymphocyte function associated antigen 1 (LFA-1) is an adhesion molecule expressed on peripheral immune cells including T cells, and regulates T cell activation and extravasation into inflamed tissue regions. A potential therapeutic approach was explored with the goal of controlling proinflammatory responses in neuroanatomical regions critical for CCI-induced allodynia by blocking LFA-1 actions using BIRT377. The data show profound development of hindpaw allodynia in adult non-PAE control females following standard CCI, but not following minor CCI, while minor CCI generated allodynia in PAE females. The data also show substantial increases in T cell-associated proinflammatory cytokine mRNA and proteins, along with evidence of augmented myeloid/glial activation (mRNA) and induction of myeloid/glial-related proinflammatory cytokines, CCL2, IL-1β and TNF in discrete regions along the pain pathway (damaged sciatic nerve, dorsal root ganglia; DRG, and spinal cord). Interestingly, the characteristic anti-inflammatory IL-10 protein response to nerve damage is blunted in neuropathic PAE females. Moreover, T cell profiles are predominantly proinflammatory in neuropathic Sac and PAE females, augmented levels of Th17-specific proinflammatory cytokines IL-17A and IL-21, as well as the Th1-specific factor, T-bet, are observed. Similarly, the expression of RORγt, a critical transcription factor for Th17 cells, is detected in the spinal cord of neuropathic females. Blocking peripheral LFA-1 actions with intravenous (i.v.) BIRT377 reverses allodynia in Sac and PAE rats, dampens myeloid (IL-1β, TNF, CXCL1)- and T cell-associated proinflammatory factors (IL-17A and RORγt) and spinal glial activation. Moreover, i.v. BIRT377 treatment reverses the blunted IL-10 response to CCI observed only in neuropathic PAE rats and elevates FOXP3 in pain-reversed Sac rats. Unexpectedly, intrathecal BIRT377 treatment is unable to alter allodynia in either Sac or PAE neuropathic females. Together, these data provide evidence that: 1) fully differentiated proinflammatory Th17 cells recruited at the sciatic nerve, DRGs and lumbar spinal cord may interact with the local environment to shape the immune responses underlying neuropathy in female rats, and, 2) PAE primes peripheral and spinal immune responses in adult females. PAE is a risk factor in females for developing peripheral neuropathy after minor nerve injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahani Noor
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131-0001, USA.
| | - Joshua J. Sanchez
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Melody S. Sun
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131,USA
| | - Zinia Pervin
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131-0001, USA.
| | - Jacob E. Sanchez
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131,USA
| | - Mara A. Havard
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 8713,USA
| | - Lauren T. Epler
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131-001, USA
| | - Monique V. Nysus
- Department of Radiopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, New Mexico Center for Isotopes in Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131,USA
| | - Jeffrey P. Norenberg
- Department of Radiopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, New Mexico Center for Isotopes in Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131,USA
| | - Carston R. Wagner
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, College of Pharmacy, MN 55455, USA
| | - Suzy Davies
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131-0001, USA.
| | - Jennifer L Wagner
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131-0001, USA.
| | - Daniel D. Savage
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131,USA
| | - Lauren L. Jantzie
- Department of Pediatrics and Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205-2196, USA
| | - Nikolaos Mellios
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131-0001, USA.
| | - Erin. D. Milligan
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131,USA
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Bednarczyk M, Stege H, Grabbe S, Bros M. β2 Integrins-Multi-Functional Leukocyte Receptors in Health and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E1402. [PMID: 32092981 PMCID: PMC7073085 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
β2 integrins are heterodimeric surface receptors composed of a variable α (CD11a-CD11d) and a constant β (CD18) subunit and are specifically expressed by leukocytes. The α subunit defines the individual functional properties of the corresponding β2 integrin, but all β2 integrins show functional overlap. They mediate adhesion to other cells and to components of the extracellular matrix (ECM), orchestrate uptake of extracellular material like complement-opsonized pathogens, control cytoskeletal organization, and modulate cell signaling. This review aims to delineate the tremendous role of β2 integrins for immune functions as exemplified by the phenotype of LAD-I (leukocyte adhesion deficiency 1) patients that suffer from strong recurrent infections. These immune defects have been largely attributed to impaired migratory and phagocytic properties of polymorphonuclear granulocytes. The molecular base for this inherited disease is a functional impairment of β2 integrins due to mutations within the CD18 gene. LAD-I patients are also predisposed for autoimmune diseases. In agreement, polymorphisms within the CD11b gene have been associated with autoimmunity. Consequently, β2 integrins have received growing interest as targets in the treatment of autoimmune diseases. Moreover, β2 integrin activity on leukocytes has been implicated in tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Matthias Bros
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (M.B.); (H.S.); (S.G.)
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20
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Glatigny S, Bettelli E. Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE) as Animal Models of Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2018; 8:cshperspect.a028977. [PMID: 29311122 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a028977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a multifocal demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) leading to the progressive destruction of the myelin sheath surrounding axons. It can present with variable clinical and pathological manifestations, which might reflect the involvement of distinct pathogenic processes. Although the mechanisms leading to the development of the disease are not fully understood, numerous evidences indicate that MS is an autoimmune disease, the initiation and progression of which are dependent on an autoimmune response against myelin antigens. In addition, genetic susceptibility and environmental triggers likely contribute to the initiation of the disease. At this time, there is no cure for MS, but several disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) are available to control and slow down disease progression. A good number of these DMTs were identified and tested using animal models of MS referred to as experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). In this review, we will recapitulate the characteristics of EAE models and discuss how they help shed light on MS pathogenesis and help test new treatments for MS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Glatigny
- Immunology Program, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, Washington 98101.,Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98109
| | - Estelle Bettelli
- Immunology Program, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, Washington 98101.,Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98109
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21
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Oukka M, Bettelli E. Regulation of lymphocyte trafficking in central nervous system autoimmunity. Curr Opin Immunol 2018; 55:38-43. [PMID: 30268837 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2018.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
CD4+ T helper (Th) cells play a central role in orchestrating protective immunity but also in autoimmunity. Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a human autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) characterized by the infiltration of inflammatory lymphocytes and myeloid cells into the brain and spinal cord, leading to demyelination, axonal damage, and progressive loss of motor functions. The release of T cells in the circulation and their migration in the central nervous system are key and tightly regulated processes which have been targeted to decrease CD4+ T cell presence in the CNS and limit disease progression. Here, we review two of these pathways and discuss how their blockade modulate different subsets of CD4+ T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Oukka
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA; University of Washington, Department of Immunology, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA.
| | - Estelle Bettelli
- Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Immunology Program, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA; University of Washington, Department of Immunology, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA.
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22
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Breuer J, Korpos E, Hannocks MJ, Schneider-Hohendorf T, Song J, Zondler L, Herich S, Flanagan K, Korn T, Zarbock A, Kuhlmann T, Sorokin L, Wiendl H, Schwab N. Blockade of MCAM/CD146 impedes CNS infiltration of T cells over the choroid plexus. J Neuroinflammation 2018; 15:236. [PMID: 30134924 PMCID: PMC6106934 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-018-1276-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Very late antigen 4 (VLA-4; integrin α4β1) is critical for transmigration of T helper (TH) 1 cells into the central nervous system (CNS) under inflammatory conditions such as multiple sclerosis (MS). We have previously shown that VLA-4 and melanoma cell adhesion molecule (MCAM) are important for trans-endothelial migration of human TH17 cells in vitro and here investigate their contribution to pathogenic CNS inflammation. Methods Antibody blockade of VLA-4 and MCAM is assessed in murine models of CNS inflammation in conjunction with conditional ablation of α4-integrin expression in T cells. Effects of VLA-4 and MCAM blockade on lymphocyte migration are further investigated in the human system via in vitro T cell transmigration assays. Results Compared to the broad effects of VLA-4 blockade on encephalitogenic T cell migration over endothelial barriers, MCAM blockade impeded encephalitogenic T cell migration in murine models of MS that especially depend on CNS migration across the choroid plexus (CP). In transgenic mice lacking T cell α4-integrin expression (CD4::Itga4−/−), MCAM blockade delayed disease onset. Migration of MCAM-expressing T cells through the CP into the CNS was restricted, where laminin 411 (composed of α4, β1, γ1 chains), the proposed major ligand of MCAM, is detected in the endothelial basement membranes of murine CP tissue. This finding was translated to the human system; blockade of MCAM with a therapeutic antibody reduced in vitro transmigration of MCAM-expressing T cells across a human fibroblast-derived extracellular matrix layer and a brain-derived endothelial monolayer, both expressing laminin α4. Laminin α4 was further detected in situ in CP endothelial-basement membranes in MS patients’ brain tissue. Conclusions Our findings suggest that MCAM-laminin 411 interactions facilitate trans-endothelial migration of MCAM-expressing T cells into the CNS, which seems to be highly relevant to migration via the CP and to potential future clinical applications in neuroinflammatory disorders. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12974-018-1276-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Breuer
- Clinic of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus-1, Building A01, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Eva Korpos
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and of Pathobiochemistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.,Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Melanie-Jane Hannocks
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and of Pathobiochemistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.,Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Tilman Schneider-Hohendorf
- Clinic of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus-1, Building A01, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Jian Song
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and of Pathobiochemistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.,Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Lisa Zondler
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Sebastian Herich
- Clinic of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus-1, Building A01, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Ken Flanagan
- Prothena Biosciences Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Thomas Korn
- Department of Neurology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander Zarbock
- Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.,Department of Anesthesiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Tanja Kuhlmann
- Department of Neuropathology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Lydia Sorokin
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and of Pathobiochemistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.,Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Heinz Wiendl
- Clinic of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus-1, Building A01, 48149, Münster, Germany.,Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Nicholas Schwab
- Clinic of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus-1, Building A01, 48149, Münster, Germany.
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23
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Walling BL, Kim M. LFA-1 in T Cell Migration and Differentiation. Front Immunol 2018; 9:952. [PMID: 29774029 PMCID: PMC5943560 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Maintenance of homeostatic immune surveillance and development of effective adaptive immune responses require precise regulation of spatial and temporal lymphocyte trafficking throughout the body to ensure pathogen clearance and memory generation. Dysregulation of lymphocyte activation and migration can lead to impaired adaptive immunity, recurrent infections, and an array of autoimmune diseases and chronic inflammation. Central to the recruitment of T cells, integrins are cell surface receptors that regulate adhesion, signal transduction, and migration. With 24 integrin pairs having been discovered to date, integrins are defined not only by the composition of the heterodimeric pair but by cell-type specific expression and their ligands. Furthermore, integrins not only facilitate adhesion but also induce intracellular signaling and have recently been uncovered as mechanosensors providing additional complexity to the signaling pathways. Among several leukocyte-specific integrins, lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1 or αLβ2; CD11a/CD18) is a key T cell integrin, which plays a major role in regulating T cell activation and migration. Adhesion to LFA-1's ligand, intracellular adhesion receptor 1 (ICAM-1) facilitates firm endothelium adhesion, prolonged contact with antigen-presenting cells, and binding to target cells for killing. While the downstream signaling pathways utilized by LFA-1 are vastly conserved they allow for highly disparate responses. Here, we summarize the roles of LFA-1 and ongoing studies to better understand its functions and regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon L Walling
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, David H. Smith Center for Vaccine Biology and Immunology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Minsoo Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, David H. Smith Center for Vaccine Biology and Immunology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
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24
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Wilson JJ, Foyle KL, Foeng J, Norton T, McKenzie DR, Payne N, Bernard CC, McColl SR, Comerford I. Redirecting adult mesenchymal stromal cells to the brain: a new approach for treating CNS autoimmunity and neuroinflammation? Immunol Cell Biol 2018; 96:347-357. [PMID: 29377354 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells or stem cells (MSCs) have been shown to participate in tissue repair and are immunomodulatory in neuropathological settings. Given this, their potential use in developing a new generation of personalized therapies for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) will be explored. To effectively exert these effector functions, MSCs must first gain entry into damaged neural tissues, a process that has been demonstrated to be a limiting factor in their therapeutic efficacy. In this review, we discuss approaches to maximize the therapeutic efficacy of MSCs by altering their intrinsic trafficking programs to effectively enter neuropathological sites. To this end, we explore the significant role of chemokine receptors and adhesion molecules in directing cellular traffic to the inflamed CNS and the capacity of MSCs to adopt these molecular mechanisms to gain entry to this site. We postulate that understanding and exploiting these migratory mechanisms may be key to the development of cell-based therapies tailored to respond to the migratory cues unique to the nature and stage of progression of individual CNS disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine J Wilson
- The Chemokine Biology Laboratory, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Kerrie L Foyle
- The Chemokine Biology Laboratory, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Jade Foeng
- The Chemokine Biology Laboratory, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Todd Norton
- The Chemokine Biology Laboratory, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Duncan R McKenzie
- The Chemokine Biology Laboratory, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Natalie Payne
- Multiple Sclerosis Research Group, Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Claude C Bernard
- Multiple Sclerosis Research Group, Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Shaun R McColl
- The Chemokine Biology Laboratory, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Iain Comerford
- The Chemokine Biology Laboratory, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
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25
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Mair I, Zandee SEJ, Toor IS, Saul L, McPherson RC, Leech MD, Smyth DJ, O’Connor RA, Henderson NC, Anderton SM. A Context-Dependent Role for αv Integrins in Regulatory T Cell Accumulation at Sites of Inflammation. Front Immunol 2018; 9:264. [PMID: 29535709 PMCID: PMC5834440 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Several inflammatory diseases including multiple sclerosis and inflammatory bowel disease have been associated with dysfunctional and/or reduced numbers of Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Treg). While numerous mechanisms of action have been discovered by which Treg can exert their function, disease-specific Treg requirements remain largely unknown. We found that the integrin αv, which can pair with several β subunits including β8, is highly upregulated in Treg at sites of inflammation. Using mice that lacked αv expression or β8 expression specifically in Treg, we demonstrate that there was no deficit in Treg accumulation in the central nervous system during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and no difference in the resolution of disease compared to control mice. In contrast, during a curative T cell transfer model of colitis, Treg lacking all αv integrins were found at reduced proportions and numbers in the inflamed gut. This led to a quantitative impairment in the ability of αv-deficient Treg to reverse disease when Treg numbers in the inflamed colon were below a threshold. Increase of the number of curative Treg injected was able to rescue this phenotype, indicating that αv integrins were not required for the immunosuppressive function of Treg per se. In accordance with this, αv deficiency did not impact on the capacity of Treg to suppress proliferation of naive conventional T cells in vitro as well as in vivo. These observations demonstrate that despite the general upregulation of αv integrins in Treg at sites of inflammation, they are relevant for adequate Treg accumulation only in specific disease settings. The understanding of disease-specific mechanisms of action by Treg has clear implications for Treg-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Mair
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, Centre for Multiple Sclerosis Research, BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, and Centre for Immunity Infection and Evolution, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Stephanie E. J. Zandee
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, Centre for Multiple Sclerosis Research, BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, and Centre for Immunity Infection and Evolution, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Iqbal S. Toor
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, Centre for Multiple Sclerosis Research, BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, and Centre for Immunity Infection and Evolution, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Louise Saul
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, Centre for Multiple Sclerosis Research, BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, and Centre for Immunity Infection and Evolution, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Rhoanne C. McPherson
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, Centre for Multiple Sclerosis Research, BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, and Centre for Immunity Infection and Evolution, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Melanie D. Leech
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, Centre for Multiple Sclerosis Research, BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, and Centre for Immunity Infection and Evolution, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Danielle J. Smyth
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, Centre for Multiple Sclerosis Research, BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, and Centre for Immunity Infection and Evolution, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Richard A. O’Connor
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, Centre for Multiple Sclerosis Research, BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, and Centre for Immunity Infection and Evolution, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Neil C. Henderson
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, Centre for Multiple Sclerosis Research, BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, and Centre for Immunity Infection and Evolution, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen M. Anderton
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, Centre for Multiple Sclerosis Research, BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, and Centre for Immunity Infection and Evolution, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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26
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Ferreira CP, Cariste LM, Santos Virgílio FD, Moraschi BF, Monteiro CB, Vieira Machado AM, Gazzinelli RT, Bruna-Romero O, Menin Ruiz PL, Ribeiro DA, Lannes-Vieira J, Lopes MDF, Rodrigues MM, de Vasconcelos JRC. LFA-1 Mediates Cytotoxicity and Tissue Migration of Specific CD8 + T Cells after Heterologous Prime-Boost Vaccination against Trypanosoma cruzi Infection. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1291. [PMID: 29081775 PMCID: PMC5645645 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrins mediate the lymphocyte migration into an infected tissue, and these cells are essential for controlling the multiplication of many intracellular parasites such as Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas disease. Here, we explore LFA-1 and VLA-4 roles in the migration of specific CD8+ T cells generated by heterologous prime-boost immunization during experimental infection with T. cruzi. To this end, vaccinated mice were treated with monoclonal anti-LFA-1 and/or anti-VLA-4 to block these molecules. After anti-LFA-1, but not anti-VLA-4 treatment, all vaccinated mice displayed increased blood and tissue parasitemia, and quickly succumbed to infection. In addition, there was an accumulation of specific CD8+ T cells in the spleen and lymph nodes and a decrease in the number of those cells, especially in the heart, suggesting that LFA-1 is important for the output of specific CD8+ T cells from secondary lymphoid organs into infected organs such as the heart. The treatment did not alter CD8+ T cell effector functions such as the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and granzyme B, and maintained the proliferative capacity after treatment. However, the specific CD8+ T cell direct cytotoxicity was impaired after LFA-1 blockade. Also, these cells expressed higher levels of Fas/CD95 on the surface, suggesting that they are susceptible to programmed cell death by the extrinsic pathway. We conclude that LFA-1 plays an important role in the migration of specific CD8+ T cells and in the direct cytotoxicity of these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Pontes Ferreira
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Center of Molecular and Cellular Therapy, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Moro Cariste
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Center of Molecular and Cellular Therapy, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Biosciences, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando Dos Santos Virgílio
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Center of Molecular and Cellular Therapy, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Barbara Ferri Moraschi
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Center of Molecular and Cellular Therapy, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ricardo Tostes Gazzinelli
- René Rachou Research Center, Fiocruz, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Division of Infectious Disease and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Oscar Bruna-Romero
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | | | | | - Joseli Lannes-Vieira
- Biology Interactions Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcela de Freitas Lopes
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mauricio Martins Rodrigues
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Center of Molecular and Cellular Therapy, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Ronnie Carvalho de Vasconcelos
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Center of Molecular and Cellular Therapy, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Biosciences, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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27
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Picarda E, Bézie S, Boucault L, Autrusseau E, Kilens S, Meistermann D, Martinet B, Daguin V, Donnart A, Charpentier E, David L, Anegon I, Guillonneau C. Transient antibody targeting of CD45RC induces transplant tolerance and potent antigen-specific regulatory T cells. JCI Insight 2017; 2:e90088. [PMID: 28194440 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.90088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Rat and human CD4+ and CD8+ Tregs expressing low levels of CD45RC have strong immunoregulatory properties. We describe here that human CD45 isoforms are nonredundant and identify distinct subsets of cells. We show that CD45RC is not expressed by CD4+ and CD8+ Foxp3+ Tregs, while CD45RA/RB/RO are. Transient administration of a monoclonal antibody (mAb) targeting CD45RC in a rat cardiac allotransplantation model induced transplant tolerance associated with inhibition of allogeneic humoral responses but maintained primary and memory responses against cognate antigens. Anti-CD45RC mAb induced rapid death of CD45RChigh T cells through intrinsic cell signaling but preserved and potentiated CD4+ and CD8+ CD45RClow/- Tregs, which are able to adoptively transfer donor-specific tolerance to grafted recipients. Anti-CD45RC treatment results in distinct transcriptional signature of CD4+ and CD8+ CD45RClow/- Tregs. Finally, we demonstrate that anti-human CD45RC treatment inhibited graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in immune-humanized NSG mice. Thus, short-term anti-CD45RC is a potent therapeutic candidate to induce transplantation tolerance in human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Picarda
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Séverine Bézie
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Laetitia Boucault
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Elodie Autrusseau
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Stéphanie Kilens
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Dimitri Meistermann
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Bernard Martinet
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Véronique Daguin
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Audrey Donnart
- INSERM UMR1087, CNRS UMR6291, Université de Nantes, l'institut du thorax, Nantes, France
| | - Eric Charpentier
- INSERM UMR1087, CNRS UMR6291, Université de Nantes, l'institut du thorax, Nantes, France
| | - Laurent David
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Ignacio Anegon
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Carole Guillonneau
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
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28
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Le Texier L, Lineburg KE, MacDonald KPA. Harnessing bone marrow resident regulatory T cells to improve allogeneic stem cell transplant outcomes. Int J Hematol 2016; 105:153-161. [PMID: 27943115 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-016-2161-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Treg) are a suppressive T cell population which play a crucial role in the establishment of tolerance after stem cell transplantation (SCT) by controlling the effector T cell responses that drive acute and chronic GVHD. The BM compartment is enriched in a highly suppressive, activated/memory autophagy-dependent Treg population, which contributes to the HSC engraftment and the control of GVHD. G-CSF administration releases Treg from the BM through disruption of the CXCR4/SDF-1 axis and further improves Treg survival following SCT through the induction of autophagy. However, AMD3100 is more efficacious in mobilizing these Treg highlighting the potential for optimized mobilization regimes to produce more tolerogenic grafts. Notably, the disruption of adhesive interaction between integrins and their ligands contributes to HSC mobilization and may be relevant for BM Treg. Importantly, the Tregs in the BM niche contribute to maintenance of the HSC niche and appear required for optimal control of GVHD post-transplant. Although poorly studied, the BM Treg appear phenotypically and functionally unique to Treg in the periphery. Understanding the requirements for maintaining the enrichment, function and survival of BM Treg needs to be further investigated to improve therapeutic strategies and promote tolerance after SCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laetitia Le Texier
- The Antigen Presentation and Immunoregulation Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Katie E Lineburg
- The Antigen Presentation and Immunoregulation Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Kelli P A MacDonald
- The Antigen Presentation and Immunoregulation Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia.
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29
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Leukocyte adhesion molecule dynamics after Natalizumab withdrawal in Multiple Sclerosis. Clin Immunol 2016; 171:18-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2016.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Revised: 07/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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30
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Glatigny S, Wagner CA, Bettelli E. Cutting Edge: Integrin α4 Is Required for Regulatory B Cell Control of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 196:3542-6. [PMID: 27016608 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1502614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The neutralization of integrin α4 (Itga4) is currently used as treatment in multiple sclerosis. Although most studies have focused on its function on lymphocyte migration to the CNS, we have uncovered the importance of Itga4 for the generation of regulatory B cells in peripheral immune organs and their control of pathogenic T cell response and CNS pathology. Our study underscores the importance of looking at the dual role of B cells in CNS autoimmunity and provides important perspectives regarding the efficacy and side effects associated with Itga4 neutralization and other B cell-targeting therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Glatigny
- Immunology Program, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101; and Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105
| | - Catriona A Wagner
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105
| | - Estelle Bettelli
- Immunology Program, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101; and Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105
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31
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Campbell DJ. Control of Regulatory T Cell Migration, Function, and Homeostasis. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 195:2507-13. [PMID: 26342103 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1500801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells (Tregs) are essential for preventing autoimmunity and uncontrolled inflammation, and they modulate immune responses during infection and the development of cancer. Accomplishing these tasks requires the widespread distribution of Tregs in both lymphoid and nonlymphoid tissues, and the selective recruitment of Tregs to different tissue sites has emerged as a key checkpoint that controls tissue inflammation in autoimmunity, infection, and cancer development, as well as in the context of allograft acceptance or rejection. Additionally, Tregs are functionally diverse, and it has become clear that some of this diversity segregates with Treg localization to particular tissue sites. In this article, I review the progress in understanding the mechanisms of Treg trafficking and discuss factors controlling their homeostatic maintenance and function in distinct tissue sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Campbell
- Immunology Program, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101; and Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195
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32
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Yshii L, Gebauer C, Bernard-Valnet R, Liblau R. Neurons and T cells: Understanding this interaction for inflammatory neurological diseases. Eur J Immunol 2015; 45:2712-20. [DOI: 10.1002/eji.201545759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Revised: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Yshii
- INSERM U1043 - CNRS UMR 5282; Centre de Physiopathologie Toulouse-Purpan; Toulouse France
- Université Toulouse III; Toulouse France
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences I; University of Sao Paulo; Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - Christina Gebauer
- INSERM U1043 - CNRS UMR 5282; Centre de Physiopathologie Toulouse-Purpan; Toulouse France
- Université Toulouse III; Toulouse France
| | - Raphaël Bernard-Valnet
- INSERM U1043 - CNRS UMR 5282; Centre de Physiopathologie Toulouse-Purpan; Toulouse France
- Université Toulouse III; Toulouse France
| | - Roland Liblau
- INSERM U1043 - CNRS UMR 5282; Centre de Physiopathologie Toulouse-Purpan; Toulouse France
- Université Toulouse III; Toulouse France
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33
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Kihara Y, Groves A, Rivera RR, Chun J. Dimethyl fumarate inhibits integrin α4 expression in multiple sclerosis models. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2015; 2:978-83. [PMID: 26478898 PMCID: PMC4603381 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Revised: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Dimethyl fumarate is an orally bioavailable compound for the treatment of multiple sclerosis and psoriasis. A mechanism involving nuclear factor erythroid 2-like 2 activation has been proposed to account for its efficacy in multiple sclerosis. Here, we report that dimethyl fumarate inhibits expression of integrin α4 on circulating lymphocytes in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mice and also on activated human Jurkat T cells in a manner distinct from nuclear factor erythroid 2-like 2 activation. Our results offer an alternative mechanism for the efficacy of dimethyl fumarate in multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Kihara
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, Dorris Neuroscience Center, The Scripps Research Institute 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd., DNC-118, La Jolla, California, 92037
| | - Aran Groves
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, Dorris Neuroscience Center, The Scripps Research Institute 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd., DNC-118, La Jolla, California, 92037
| | - Richard R Rivera
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, Dorris Neuroscience Center, The Scripps Research Institute 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd., DNC-118, La Jolla, California, 92037
| | - Jerold Chun
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, Dorris Neuroscience Center, The Scripps Research Institute 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd., DNC-118, La Jolla, California, 92037
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