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Mehrani MJ, Kowal P, Sobotka D, Godzieba M, Ciesielski S, Guo J, Makinia J. The coexistence and competition of canonical and comammox nitrite oxidizing bacteria in a nitrifying activated sludge system - Experimental observations and simulation studies. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 864:161084. [PMID: 36565884 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The second step of nitrification can be mediated by nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB), i.e. Nitrospira and Nitrobacter, with different characteristics in terms of the r/K theory. In this study, an activated sludge model was developed to account for competition between two groups of canonical NOB and comammox bacteria. Heterotrophic denitrification on soluble microbial products was also incorporated into the model. Four 5-week washout trials were carried out at dissolved oxygen-limited conditions for different temperatures (12 °C vs. 20 °C) and main substrates (NH4+-N vs. NO2--N). Due to the aggressive reduction of solids retention time (from 4 to 1 d), the biomass concentrations were continuously decreased and stabilized after two weeks at a level below 400 mg/L. The collected experimental data (N species, biomass concentrations, and microbiological analyses) were used for model calibration and validation. In addition to the standard predictions (N species and biomass), the newly developed model also accurately predicted two microbiological indicators, including the relative abundance of comammox bacteria as well as nitrifiers to heterotrophs ratio. Sankey diagrams revealed that the relative contributions of specific microbial groups to N conversion pathways were significantly shifted during the trial. The contribution of comammox did not exceed 5 % in the experiments with both NH4+-N and NO2--N substrates. This study contributes to a better understanding of the novel autotrophic N removal processes (e.g. deammonification) with nitrite as a central intermediate product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad-Javad Mehrani
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza Street 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Przemyslaw Kowal
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza Street 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Dominika Sobotka
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza Street 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Martyna Godzieba
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Department of Environmental Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Sloneczna 45G, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Slawomir Ciesielski
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Department of Environmental Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Sloneczna 45G, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Jianhua Guo
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology (ACWEB, formerly AWMC), The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Jacek Makinia
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza Street 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland.
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Szeląg B, Kiczko A, Zaborowska E, Mannina G, Mąkinia J. Modeling nutrient removal and energy consumption in an advanced activated sludge system under uncertainty. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 323:116040. [PMID: 36099865 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Activated sludge models are widely used to simulate, optimize and control performance of wastewater treatment plants (WWTP). For simulation of nutrient removal and energy consumption, kinetic parameters would need to be estimated, which requires an extensive measurement campaign. In this study, a novel methodology is proposed for modeling the performance and energy consumption of a biological nutrient removal activated sludge system under sensitivity and uncertainty. The actual data from the wastewater treatment plant in Slupsk (northern Poland) were used for the analysis. Global sensitivity analysis methods accounting for interactions between kinetic parameters were compared with the local sensitivity approach. An extensive procedure for estimation of kinetic parameters allowed to reduce the computational effort in the uncertainty analysis and improve the reliability of the computational results. Due to high costs of measurement campaigns for model calibration, a modification of the Generalized Likelihood Uncertainty method was applied considering the location of measurement points. The inclusion of nutrient measurements in the aerobic compartment in the uncertainty analysis resulted in percentages of ammonium, nitrate, ortho-phosphate measurements of 81%, 90%, 78%, respectively, in the 95% confidence interval. The additional inclusion of measurements in the anaerobic compartment resulted in an increase in the percentage of ortho-phosphate measurements in the aerobic compartment by 5% in the confidence interval. The developed procedure reduces computational and measurement efforts, while maintaining a high compatibility of the observed data and model predictions. This enables to implement activated sludge models also for the facilities with a limited availability of data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Szeląg
- Department of Geotechnics and Water Engineering, Kielce University of Technology, Al. Tysiąclecia Państwa Polskiego 7, 25-314, Kielce, Poland.
| | - Adam Kiczko
- Department of Hydraulic and Sanitary Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW (WULS), Nowowiejska 7, 02-797, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Zaborowska
- Department of Sanitary Engineering, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza Street 11/12, 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Giorgio Mannina
- Engineering Department, Palermo University, Viale delle Scienze, Ed.8, 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Jacek Mąkinia
- Department of Sanitary Engineering, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza Street 11/12, 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland
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Mehrani MJ, Sobotka D, Kowal P, Guo J, Mąkinia J. New insights into modeling two-step nitrification in activated sludge systems - The effects of initial biomass concentrations, comammox and heterotrophic activities. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 848:157628. [PMID: 35905967 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the conventional two-step nitrification model was extended with complete ammonia oxidation (comammox) and heterotrophic denitrification on soluble microbial products. The data for model calibration/validation were collected at four long-term washout experiments when the solid retention time (SRT) and hydraulic retention time (HRT) were progressively reduced from 4 d to 1 d, with mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) of approximately 2000 mg/L at the start of each trial. A new calibration protocol was proposed by including a systematic calculation of the initial biomass concentrations and microbial relationships as the calibration targets. Moreover, the impact assessment of initial biomass concentrations (X) and maximum growth rates (μ) for ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB), nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB), comammox Nitrospira, and heterotrophs on the calibration accuracy were investigated using the response surface methodology (RSM). The RSM results revealed the strongest interaction of XAOB and μAOB on the model calibration accuracy. All the examined model efficiency measures confirmed that the extended model was accurately calibrated and validated. The estimated μ values were as follows: μAOB = 0.38 ± 0.005 d-1, μNOB = 0.20 ± 0.01 d-1, μCMX = 0.20 ± 0.01 d-1, μHET = 1.0 ± 0.03 d-1. For comparison, when using the conventional model, μAOB and μNOB increased respectively by 26 and 15 % (μAOB = 0.48 ± 0.02 d-1 and μNOB = 0.23 ± 0.005 d-1). This study provides better understanding of the effects of the initial biomass composition and the accompanying processes (comammox and heterotrophic denitrification) on modeling two-step nitrification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad-Javad Mehrani
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza Street 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Dominika Sobotka
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza Street 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Przemyslaw Kowal
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza Street 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Jianhua Guo
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology (ACWEB, formerly AWMC), The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Jacek Mąkinia
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza Street 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland.
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4
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Zhang F, Feng Q, Chen Y, Shi X, Qin K, Lu M, Qin F, Fu S, Guo R. Enhancement of biological nitrogen removal performance from low C/N municipal wastewater using novel carriers based on the nano-Fe 3O 4. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 363:127914. [PMID: 36113814 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to study the effects of the magnetic microparticles (MMP) on nitrogen removal under low C/N conditions. A 30-day anaerobic/oxic progress illustrated that nitrification and denitrification were promoted in the presence of MMP. MMP could facilitate the production of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and act as pH buffering in aerobic conditions. The high-throughput sequencing displayed that, compared with the sludge without MMP, the relative abundance of Dokdonella and Comamonas which are capable of both nitrifying and denitrifying were 8.7% and 1.29% higher in anaerobic sludge and 7.11% and 0.97% higher in aerobic sludge with MMP, respectively. The relative abundance of Pseudomonas with the excellent capability of EPS secretion was also observed 4.33 times higher than that without MMP in the aerobic sludge. Based on the superior performance above, MMP is a promising additive to enhance nitrogen removal efficiency for low C/N wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyuan Zhang
- Shandong Industrial Engineering Laboratory of Biogas Production & Utilization, Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China; Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao 266101, PR China; Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao 266101, PR China
| | - Quan Feng
- Shandong Industrial Engineering Laboratory of Biogas Production & Utilization, Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, PR China; Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao 266101, PR China; Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao 266101, PR China
| | - Ying Chen
- Shandong Industrial Engineering Laboratory of Biogas Production & Utilization, Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, PR China; Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao 266101, PR China; Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao 266101, PR China
| | - Xiaoshuang Shi
- Shandong Industrial Engineering Laboratory of Biogas Production & Utilization, Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, PR China; Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao 266101, PR China; Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao 266101, PR China
| | - Kang Qin
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, PR China
| | - Mingyi Lu
- Shandong Industrial Engineering Laboratory of Biogas Production & Utilization, Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China; Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao 266101, PR China; Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao 266101, PR China
| | - Fan Qin
- Shandong Industrial Engineering Laboratory of Biogas Production & Utilization, Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China; Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao 266101, PR China; Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao 266101, PR China
| | - Shanfei Fu
- Shandong Industrial Engineering Laboratory of Biogas Production & Utilization, Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, PR China; Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao 266101, PR China; Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao 266101, PR China
| | - Rongbo Guo
- Shandong Industrial Engineering Laboratory of Biogas Production & Utilization, Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, PR China; Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao 266101, PR China; Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao 266101, PR China.
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5
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Dynamic model of algal-bacterial shortcut nitrogen removal in photo-sequencing batch reactors. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2022.102688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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6
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Villaverde AF, Pathirana D, Fröhlich F, Hasenauer J, Banga JR. A protocol for dynamic model calibration. Brief Bioinform 2022; 23:bbab387. [PMID: 34619769 PMCID: PMC8769694 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbab387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Ordinary differential equation models are nowadays widely used for the mechanistic description of biological processes and their temporal evolution. These models typically have many unknown and nonmeasurable parameters, which have to be determined by fitting the model to experimental data. In order to perform this task, known as parameter estimation or model calibration, the modeller faces challenges such as poor parameter identifiability, lack of sufficiently informative experimental data and the existence of local minima in the objective function landscape. These issues tend to worsen with larger model sizes, increasing the computational complexity and the number of unknown parameters. An incorrectly calibrated model is problematic because it may result in inaccurate predictions and misleading conclusions. For nonexpert users, there are a large number of potential pitfalls. Here, we provide a protocol that guides the user through all the steps involved in the calibration of dynamic models. We illustrate the methodology with two models and provide all the code required to reproduce the results and perform the same analysis on new models. Our protocol provides practitioners and researchers in biological modelling with a one-stop guide that is at the same time compact and sufficiently comprehensive to cover all aspects of the problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro F Villaverde
- Universidade de Vigo, Department of Systems Engineering & Control, Vigo 36310, Galicia, Spain
| | - Dilan Pathirana
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Bonn, Bonn 53115, Germany
| | - Fabian Fröhlich
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - Jan Hasenauer
- Center for Mathematics, Technische Universität München, Garching 85748, Germany
- Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02115, USA
| | - Julio R Banga
- Bioprocess Engineering Group, IIM-CSIC, Vigo 36208, Galicia, Spain
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7
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Mehrani MJ, Lu X, Kowal P, Sobotka D, Mąkinia J. Incorporation of the complete ammonia oxidation (comammox) process for modeling nitrification in suspended growth wastewater treatment systems. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 297:113223. [PMID: 34274771 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The newly discovered process complete ammonia oxidation (comammox) has changed the traditional understanding of nitrification. In this study, three possible concepts of comammox were developed and incorporated as part of an extended two-step nitrification model. For model calibration and validation, two series of long-term biomass washout experiments were carried out at 12 °C and 20 °C in a laboratory sequencing batch reactor. The inoculum biomass was withdrawn from a large biological nutrient removal wastewater treatment plant. The efficiency of the examined models was compared based on the behaviors of ammonia, nitrite, and nitrate in the studied reactor. Predictions of the conventional approach to comammox, assuming the direct oxidation of ammonia to nitrate, were slightly better than the two other approaches. Simulation results revealed that comammox could be responsible for the conversion of >20% of the influent ammonia load. Therefore, the role of commamox in the nitrogen mass balance in activated sludge systems should not be neglected and requires further investigation. Furthermore, sensitivity and correlation analysis revealed that the maximum growth rates (μ), oxygen half-saturation (KO), and decay rates (b) of the canonical nitrifiers and comammox were the most sensitive factors, and the highest correlation was found between μ and b among all considered kinetic parameters. The estimated μ values by the best model were 0.57, 0.11, and 0.15 d-1 for AOB, NOB, and comammox bacteria, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad-Javad Mehrani
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, Ul. Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Xi Lu
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, Ul. Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Przemyslaw Kowal
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, Ul. Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Dominika Sobotka
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, Ul. Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Jacek Mąkinia
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, Ul. Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233, Gdansk, Poland.
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8
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Kondo K, Wakasone Y, Iijima K, Ohyama K. Inverse modeling of laboratory experiment to assess parameter transferability of pesticide environmental fate into outdoor experiments under paddy test systems. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2020; 76:2768-2780. [PMID: 32202059 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extraction of environmental fate parameters for pesticides by inverse modeling in laboratory experiments has evolved to become a common practice in higher tier exposure modeling. This study focuses on flooded paddy soil conditions using a simple container test system. Four active ingredients of paddy herbicide were tested. The results were parameterized and transferred to analyze the effect of formulation types on the outdoor experimental data via inverse analyses of two structurally-compatible mathematical models, namely: pesticide concentration in paddy field for laboratory (PCPF-LR) and PCPF for outdoors (PCPF-1Rv1.1 ). RESULTS After in-laboratory calibration, the PCPF-LR model revealed statistically acceptable or ideal simulations of pesticide concentrations in both the aqueous and soil phases (e.g. Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency > 0.7), in addition to determining the apparent sorption from the laboratory data. The extracted persistence indicators (degradation half-life, DegT50 ) in the aqueous phase were 1.4-38.7 times higher than those of the dissipation (DT50 ) due to the exclusion of partitioning and phase transfer processes (diffusion and sorption). In the outdoor experiment, 72% of the outdoor-calibrated simulations of the PCPF-1Rv1.1 model, showed statistically acceptable representations of the concentrations in paddy water. Furthermore, the DegT50 as 'bulk' degradation in paddy water was statistically insignificant between the formulation types; however, the DT50 demonstrated statistically different results. CONCLUSION The laboratory/outdoor data interconnections using proposed modeling approach facilitate the data-specific model calibration and analysis. These can be useful in the exposure modeling of paddy pesticide by manipulating the parameter uncertainties associated with the experimental constraints. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Kondo
- Chemistry Division, The Institute of Environmental Toxicology (IET), Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Wakasone
- Chemistry Division, The Institute of Environmental Toxicology (IET), Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Iijima
- Chemistry Division, The Institute of Environmental Toxicology (IET), Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kazutoshi Ohyama
- Chemistry Division, The Institute of Environmental Toxicology (IET), Ibaraki, Japan
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9
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Fortela DLB, Farmer K, Zappi A, Sharp WW, Revellame E, Gang D, Zappi M. A Methodology for Global Sensitivity Analysis of Activated Sludge Models: Case Study with Activated Sludge Model No. 3 (ASM3). WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2019; 91:865-876. [PMID: 31004529 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to demonstrate a computational approach of global sensitivity analysis (GSA) integrated with functional principal component analysis (fPCA) for activated sludge models through aggregation of time-dependent model response patterns into time-independent coefficients of functional principal components (PCs). This proposed approach addresses the main issue of time-varying character of GSA indices when calculated solely on the time-dependent model outputs. The GSA-fPCA methodology was implemented using the rigorous model Activated Sludge Model No. 3 (ASM3) as case study. The approach transforms the time-dependent model outputs into functional PCs prior to calculation of GSA indices to remove the time-varying character of the calculated GSA indices. This work focused on the evaluation of the following key computational factors that may significantly influence the performance of the GSA-fPCA methodology: (a) model parameter sampling range, (b) model simulation period, (c) basis functions system, and (d) state of the system being modeled-batch or continuous activated sludge process. Results show that first few functional PCs capture up to 100% of the curve patterns in the time-dependent model outputs. The sensitivity indices calculated from the PC scores via Morris' GSA technique elucidated parameter sensitivity patterns inherent to the complex mathematical structure of ASM3. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Functional principal components-mediated GSA technique to remove time-varying character of sensitivity indices derived from time-dependent dynamical models. Technique amenable to improving efficiency of capturing response patterns into few functional principal components through various basis functions. Identifying priority parameters for ASM3 model calibration requires specification of target model outputs to which parameter sensitivities are calculated. GSA-fPCA offers a comprehensive numerical approach to manipulating models depending on the intended applications: simple fast-responding models to complex models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhan Lord B Fortela
- Energy Institute of Louisiana, University of Louisiana, Lafayette, Louisiana
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Louisiana, Lafayette, Louisiana
| | - Kyle Farmer
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Louisiana, Lafayette, Louisiana
| | - Alex Zappi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Louisiana, Lafayette, Louisiana
| | - Wayne W Sharp
- Energy Institute of Louisiana, University of Louisiana, Lafayette, Louisiana
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Louisiana, Lafayette, Louisiana
| | - Emmanuel Revellame
- Department of Industrial Technology, University of Louisiana, Lafayette, Louisiana
| | - Daniel Gang
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Louisiana, Lafayette, Louisiana
| | - Mark Zappi
- Energy Institute of Louisiana, University of Louisiana, Lafayette, Louisiana
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Louisiana, Lafayette, Louisiana
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10
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Computational evaluation for effects of feedstock variations on the sensitivities of biochemical mechanism parameters in anaerobic digestion kinetic models. Biochem Eng J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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11
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Wisniewski K, Kowalski M, Makinia J. Modeling nitrous oxide production by a denitrifying-enhanced biologically phosphorus removing (EBPR) activated sludge in the presence of different carbon sources and electron acceptors. WATER RESEARCH 2018; 142:55-64. [PMID: 29859392 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.05.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the IWA Activated Sludge Model No. 2d (ASM2d) was expanded to identify the most important mechanisms leading to the anoxic nitrous oxide (N2O) production in the combined nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) removal activated sludge systems. The new model adopted a three-stage denitrification concept and was evaluated against the measured data from one/two-phase batch experiments carried out with activated sludge withdrawn from a local, large-scale biological nutrient removal wastewater treatment plant. The experiments were focused on investigating the effects of different external carbon sources (acetate, ethanol) and electron acceptors (nitrite, nitrate) on the mechanisms of N2O production in enhanced biological P removal by polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs) and external carbon-based denitrification by ordinary heterotrophic organisms (OHOs). The experimental results explicitly showed that N2O production was predominantly governed by the presence of nitrite in the reactor regardless of the examined carbon source and the ratio COD/N in the reactor. The model was capable of accurately predicting (with R2 > 0.9) the behavior of not only N2O-N, but also NO3-N, NO2-N, soluble COD, and PO4-P. The simulation results revealed that only OHOs were responsible for N2O production, whereas the present denitrifying PAOs reduced only nitrate to nitrite.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Wisniewski
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, ul. Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233, Gdansk, Poland.
| | - M Kowalski
- Deptartment of Civil Engineering, University of Manitoba, 15 Gillson Road, R3T 5V6, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - J Makinia
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, ul. Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233, Gdansk, Poland
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12
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Read MN, Alden K, Timmis J, Andrews PS. Strategies for calibrating models of biology. Brief Bioinform 2018; 21:24-35. [PMID: 30239570 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bby092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Computational and mathematical modelling has become a valuable tool for investigating biological systems. Modelling enables prediction of how biological components interact to deliver system-level properties and extrapolation of biological system performance to contexts and experimental conditions where this is unknown. A model's value hinges on knowing that it faithfully represents the biology under the contexts of use, or clearly ascertaining otherwise and thus motivating further model refinement. These qualities are evaluated through calibration, typically formulated as identifying model parameter values that align model and biological behaviours as measured through a metric applied to both. Calibration is critical to modelling but is often underappreciated. A failure to appropriately calibrate risks unrepresentative models that generate erroneous insights. Here, we review a suite of strategies to more rigorously challenge a model's representation of a biological system. All are motivated by features of biological systems, and illustrative examples are drawn from the modelling literature. We examine the calibration of a model against distributions of biological behaviours or outcomes, not only average values. We argue for calibration even where model parameter values are experimentally ascertained. We explore how single metrics can be non-distinguishing for complex systems, with multiple-component dynamic and interaction configurations giving rise to the same metric output. Under these conditions, calibration is insufficiently constraining and the model non-identifiable: multiple solutions to the calibration problem exist. We draw an analogy to curve fitting and argue that calibrating a biological model against a single experiment or context is akin to curve fitting against a single data point. Though useful for communicating model results, we explore how metrics that quantify heavily emergent properties may not be suitable for use in calibration. Lastly, we consider the role of sensitivity and uncertainty analysis in calibration and the interpretation of model results. Our goal in this manuscript is to encourage a deeper consideration of calibration, and how to increase its capacity to either deliver faithful models or demonstrate them otherwise.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Paul S Andrews
- SimOmics Ltd, Suite 10 IT Centre, Innovation Way, York, UK
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13
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Evaluation and Calibration of In Silico Models of Thrombin Generation Using Experimental Data from Healthy and Haemophilic Subjects. Bull Math Biol 2018; 80:1989-2025. [DOI: 10.1007/s11538-018-0440-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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14
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A systematic model identification method for chemical transformation pathways - the case of heroin biomarkers in wastewater. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9390. [PMID: 28839237 PMCID: PMC5571155 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09313-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This study presents a novel statistical approach for identifying sequenced chemical transformation pathways in combination with reaction kinetics models. The proposed method relies on sound uncertainty propagation by considering parameter ranges and associated probability distribution obtained at any given transformation pathway levels as priors for parameter estimation at any subsequent transformation levels. The method was applied to calibrate a model predicting the transformation in untreated wastewater of six biomarkers, excreted following human metabolism of heroin and codeine. The method developed was compared to parameter estimation methods commonly encountered in literature (i.e., estimation of all parameters at the same time and parameter estimation with fix values for upstream parameters) by assessing the model prediction accuracy, parameter identifiability and uncertainty analysis. Results obtained suggest that the method developed has the potential to outperform conventional approaches in terms of prediction accuracy, transformation pathway identification and parameter identifiability. This method can be used in conjunction with optimal experimental designs to effectively identify model structures and parameters. This method can also offer a platform to promote a closer interaction between analytical chemists and modellers to identify models for biochemical transformation pathways, being a prominent example for the emerging field of wastewater-based epidemiology.
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15
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Dai H, Chen W, Dai Z, Li X, Lu X. Efficient model calibration method based on phase experiments for anaerobic-anoxic/nitrifying (A2N) two-sludge process. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:19211-19222. [PMID: 28664496 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9437-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A systematic calibration and validation procedure for the complex mechanistic modeling of anaerobic-anoxic/nitrifying (A2N) two-sludge system is needed. An efficient method based on phase experiments, sensitivity analysis, and genetic algorithm is proposed here for model calibration. Phase experiments (anaerobic phosphorus release, aerobic nitrification, and anoxic denitrifying phosphate accumulation) in an A2N sequencing batch reactor (SBR) were performed to reflect the process conditions accurately and improve the model calibration efficiency. The calibrated model was further validated using 30 batch experiments and 3-month dynamic continuous flow (CF) experiments for A2N-SBR and CF-A2N process, respectively. Several statistical criteria were conducted to evaluate the accuracy of model predications, including the average relative deviation (ARD), mean absolute error (MAE), root mean square error (RMSE), and Janus coefficient. Visual comparisons and statistical analyses indicated that the calibrated model could provide accurate predictions for the effluent chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP), with only one iteration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Dai
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, No. 2 Sipailou Road, Nanjing, 210096, China
- ERC Taihu Lake Water Environment (Wuxi), No. 99 Linghu Avenue, Wuxi, 214135, China
| | - Wenliang Chen
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, No. 2 Sipailou Road, Nanjing, 210096, China
- ERC Taihu Lake Water Environment (Wuxi), No. 99 Linghu Avenue, Wuxi, 214135, China
- Fine Chemical & Polymer Materials Institute of National High-Tech Industrial Development Zone, No. 51 Lutai Road, Zibo, 255000, China
| | - Zheqin Dai
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, No. 2 Sipailou Road, Nanjing, 210096, China
- ERC Taihu Lake Water Environment (Wuxi), No. 99 Linghu Avenue, Wuxi, 214135, China
| | - Xiang Li
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, No. 2 Sipailou Road, Nanjing, 210096, China
- ERC Taihu Lake Water Environment (Wuxi), No. 99 Linghu Avenue, Wuxi, 214135, China
| | - Xiwu Lu
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, No. 2 Sipailou Road, Nanjing, 210096, China.
- ERC Taihu Lake Water Environment (Wuxi), No. 99 Linghu Avenue, Wuxi, 214135, China.
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16
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Ruan J, Zhang C, Li Y, Li P, Yang Z, Chen X, Huang M, Zhang T. Improving the efficiency of dissolved oxygen control using an on-line control system based on a genetic algorithm evolving FWNN software sensor. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2017; 187:550-559. [PMID: 27865729 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.10.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This work proposes an on-line hybrid intelligent control system based on a genetic algorithm (GA) evolving fuzzy wavelet neural network software sensor to control dissolved oxygen (DO) in an anaerobic/anoxic/oxic process for treating papermaking wastewater. With the self-learning and memory abilities of neural network, handling the uncertainty capacity of fuzzy logic, analyzing local detail superiority of wavelet transform and global search of GA, this proposed control system can extract the dynamic behavior and complex interrelationships between various operation variables. The results indicate that the reasonable forecasting and control performances were achieved with optimal DO, and the effluent quality was stable at and below the desired values in real time. Our proposed hybrid approach proved to be a robust and effective DO control tool, attaining not only adequate effluent quality but also minimizing the demand for energy, and is easily integrated into a global monitoring system for purposes of cost management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jujun Ruan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Water Resources and Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Urbanization and Geo-simulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Ya Li
- Department of Water Resources and Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Urbanization and Geo-simulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Peiyi Li
- Department of Water Resources and Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Urbanization and Geo-simulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Zaizhi Yang
- Department of Water Resources and Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Urbanization and Geo-simulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Xiaohong Chen
- Department of Water Resources and Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Urbanization and Geo-simulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Mingzhi Huang
- Department of Water Resources and Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Urbanization and Geo-simulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China.
| | - Tao Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China.
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Rajasulochana P, Preethy V. Comparison on efficiency of various techniques in treatment of waste and sewage water – A comprehensive review. RESOURCE-EFFICIENT TECHNOLOGIES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reffit.2016.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 255] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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18
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Wigneswaran V, Amador CI, Jelsbak L, Sternberg C, Jelsbak L. Utilization and control of ecological interactions in polymicrobial infections and community-based microbial cell factories. F1000Res 2016; 5. [PMID: 27092245 PMCID: PMC4821285 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.7876.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial activities are most often shaped by interactions between co-existing microbes within mixed-species communities. Dissection of the molecular mechanisms of species interactions within communities is a central issue in microbial ecology, and our ability to engineer and control microbial communities depends, to a large extent, on our knowledge of these interactions. This review highlights the recent advances regarding molecular characterization of microbe-microbe interactions that modulate community structure, activity, and stability, and aims to illustrate how these findings have helped us reach an engineering-level understanding of microbial communities in relation to both human health and industrial biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinoth Wigneswaran
- Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - Lotte Jelsbak
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Claus Sternberg
- Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Lars Jelsbak
- Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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Comparison of bacterial communities of conventional and A-stage activated sludge systems. Sci Rep 2016; 6:18786. [PMID: 26728449 PMCID: PMC4700461 DOI: 10.1038/srep18786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The bacterial community structure of 10 different wastewater treatment systems and their influents has been investigated through pyrosequencing, yielding a total of 283486 reads. These bioreactors had different technological configurations: conventional activated sludge (CAS) systems and very highly loaded A-stage systems. A-stage processes are proposed as the first step in an energy producing municipal wastewater treatment process. Pyrosequencing analysis indicated that bacterial community structure of all influents was similar. Also the bacterial community of all CAS bioreactors was similar. Bacterial community structure of A-stage bioreactors showed a more case-specific pattern. A core of genera was consistently found for all influents, all CAS bioreactors and all A-stage bioreactors, respectively, showing that different geographical locations in The Netherlands and Spain did not affect the functional bacterial communities in these technologies. The ecological roles of these bacteria were discussed. Influents and A-stage bioreactors shared several core genera, while none of these were shared with CAS bioreactors communities. This difference is thought to reside in the different operational conditions of the two technologies. This study shows that bacterial community structure of CAS and A-stage bioreactors are mostly driven by solids retention time (SRT) and hydraulic retention time (HRT), as suggested by multivariate redundancy analysis.
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