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Lin W, Wang X, Diao M, Wang Y, Zhao R, Chen J, Liao Y, Long Q, Meng Y. Promoting reactive oxygen species accumulation to overcome tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance in cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:239. [PMID: 38982494 PMCID: PMC11234736 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03418-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In tumor treatment, protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have been extensively utilized. However, the efficacy of TKI is significantly compromised by drug resistance. Consequently, finding an effective solution to overcome TKI resistance becomes crucial. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are a group of highly active molecules that play important roles in targeted cancer therapy including TKI targeted therapy. In this review, we concentrate on the ROS-associated mechanisms of TKI lethality in tumors and strategies for regulating ROS to reverse TKI resistance in cancer. MAIN BODY Elevated ROS levels often manifest during TKI therapy in cancers, potentially causing organelle damage and cell death, which are critical to the success of TKIs in eradicating cancer cells. However, it is noteworthy that cancer cells might initiate resistance pathways to shield themselves from ROS-induced damage, leading to TKI resistance. Addressing this challenge involves blocking these resistance pathways, for instance, the NRF2-KEAP1 axis and protective autophagy, to promote ROS accumulation in cells, thereby resensitizing drug-resistant cancer cells to TKIs. Additional effective approaches inducing ROS generation within drug-resistant cells and providing exogenous ROS stimulation. CONCLUSION ROS play pivotal roles in the eradication of tumor cells by TKI. Harnessing the accumulation of ROS to overcome TKI resistance is an effective and widely applicable approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Avenue, Jianghan District, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, P.R. China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaojun Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Avenue, Jianghan District, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, P.R. China
| | - Mingxin Diao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Avenue, Jianghan District, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, P.R. China
| | - Yangwei Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Avenue, Jianghan District, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, P.R. China
| | - Rong Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Avenue, Jianghan District, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, P.R. China
| | - Jiaping Chen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital), Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yongde Liao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Avenue, Jianghan District, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, P.R. China.
| | - Qinghong Long
- Department of Internal Medicine, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Yunchong Meng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Avenue, Jianghan District, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, P.R. China.
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2
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Leung PY, Chen W, Sari AN, Sitaram P, Wu PK, Tsai S, Park JI. Erlotinib combination with a mitochondria-targeted ubiquinone effectively suppresses pancreatic cancer cell survival. World J Gastroenterol 2024; 30:714-727. [PMID: 38515951 PMCID: PMC10950623 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i7.714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Increased activity of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is often observed in pancreatic cancer, and the small molecule EGFR inhibitor erlotinib has been approved for pancreatic cancer therapy by the food and drug administration. Nevertheless, erlotinib alone is ineffective and should be combined with other drugs to improve therapeutic outcomes. We previously showed that certain receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors can increase mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm), facilitate tumor cell uptake of Δψm-sensitive agents, disrupt mitochondrial homeostasis, and subsequently trigger tumor cell death. Erlotinib has not been tested for this effect.
AIM To determine whether erlotinib can elevate Δψm and increase tumor cell uptake of Δψm-sensitive agents, subsequently triggering tumor cell death.
METHODS Δψm-sensitive fluorescent dye was used to determine how erlotinib affects Δψm in pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cell lines. The viability of conventional and patient-derived primary PDAC cell lines in 2D- and 3D cultures was measured after treating cells sequentially with erlotinib and mitochondria-targeted ubiquinone (MitoQ), a Δψm-sensitive MitoQ. The synergy between erlotinib and MitoQ was then analyzed using SynergyFinder 2.0. The preclinical efficacy of the two-drug combination was determined using immune-compromised nude mice bearing PDAC cell line xenografts.
RESULTS Erlotinib elevated Δψm in PDAC cells, facilitating tumor cell uptake and mitochondrial enrichment of Δψm-sensitive agents. MitoQ triggered caspase-dependent apoptosis in PDAC cells in culture if used at high doses, while erlotinib pretreatment potentiated low doses of MitoQ. SynergyFinder suggested that these drugs synergistically induced tumor cell lethality. Consistent with in vitro data, erlotinib and MitoQ combination suppressed human PDAC cell line xenografts in mice more effectively than single treatments of each agent.
CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that a combination of erlotinib and MitoQ has the potential to suppress pancreatic tumor cell viability effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pui-Yin Leung
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States
| | - Wenjing Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States
| | - Anissa N Sari
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States
| | - Poojitha Sitaram
- Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States
| | - Pui-Kei Wu
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States
| | - Susan Tsai
- Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States
| | - Jong-In Park
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States
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3
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Dan H, Jiang Q, Jia X, Qi G, Zong D, Li Z. Dermatologic toxicities in epidermal growth factor receptor: a comprehensive pharmacovigilance study from 2013 to 2023. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 10:1283807. [PMID: 38327269 PMCID: PMC10848916 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1283807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors (EGFRIs) induced cutaneous toxicity is a common adverse event (AE), although it is not as severe as major cancers, we still need to pay enough attention to them. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the diversity of EGFRI class drugs. The objective of this study was to conduct a scientific and systematic investigation into the correlation between EGFRI and cutaneous toxicities. The data accessed from the FDA adverse event reporting system database (FAERS) encompass a time frame spanning from January 2013 to March 2023. By utilizing reporting odds ratios (RORs), information components (ICs), proportional reporting ratios (PRRs), and chi-squared (χ2), the relationship between drugs and adverse reactions was evaluated through disproportionality analysis. Within the FAERS database, a total of 29,559 skin adverse events were recorded. A robust indication of the correlation between EGFRI and elderly patients (≥65 years) was identified. Among EGFRIs, erlotinib accounted for the largest proportion of skin adverse events (39.72%). Rash, dry skin, and pruritus ranked top among all preferred terms, and signals such as rash, skin lesions, and acneiform dermatitis were detected in every single drug. Clinicians should guide patients customize the treatment plan for each patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyu Dan
- Medical Information Analysis Laboratory, College of Medical Devices, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qiang Jiang
- Medical Information Analysis Laboratory, College of Medical Devices, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiangnan Jia
- Medical Information Analysis Laboratory, College of Medical Devices, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Guanpeng Qi
- School of Artificial Intelligence and Computer Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Dongsheng Zong
- Medical Information Analysis Laboratory, College of Medical Devices, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zuojing Li
- Medical Information Analysis Laboratory, College of Medical Devices, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
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4
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Cavalla D, Crichton G. Drug repurposing: Known knowns to unknown unknowns - Network analysis of the repurposome. Drug Discov Today 2023:103639. [PMID: 37236525 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
DrugRepurposing Online is a database of well-curated literature examples of drug repurposing, structured by reference to compounds and indications, via a generalisation layer (within specific datasets) of mechanism. References are categorised by level of relevance to human application to assist users in prioritising repurposing hypotheses. Users can search freely between any two of the three categories in either direction; results can then be extended to the third category. The concatenation of two (or more) direct relationships to create an indirect, hypothetical new repurposing relationship is intended to offer novel and non-obvious opportunities that can be both patented and efficiently developed. A natural language processing (NLP) powered search capability extends the opportunities from the hand-curated foundation to identify further opportunities.
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5
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Veres-Székely A, Szász C, Pap D, Szebeni B, Bokrossy P, Vannay Á. Zonulin as a Potential Therapeutic Target in Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis Disorders: Encouraging Results and Emerging Questions. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087548. [PMID: 37108711 PMCID: PMC10139156 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between dysbiosis and central nervous diseases has been proved in the last 10 years. Microbial alterations cause increased intestinal permeability, and the penetration of bacterial fragment and toxins induces local and systemic inflammatory processes, affecting distant organs, including the brain. Therefore, the integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier plays a central role in the microbiota-gut-brain axis. In this review, we discuss recent findings on zonulin, an important tight junction regulator of intestinal epithelial cells, which is assumed to play a key role in maintaining of the blood-brain barrier function. In addition to focusing on the effect of microbiome on intestinal zonulin release, we also summarize potential pharmaceutical approaches to modulate zonulin-associated pathways with larazotide acetate and other zonulin receptor agonists or antagonists. The present review also addresses the emerging issues, including the use of misleading nomenclature or the unsolved questions about the exact protein sequence of zonulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apor Veres-Székely
- Pediatric Center, MTA Center of Excellence, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
- ELKH-SE Pediatrics and Nephrology Research Group, 1052 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Csenge Szász
- Pediatric Center, MTA Center of Excellence, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Domonkos Pap
- Pediatric Center, MTA Center of Excellence, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
- ELKH-SE Pediatrics and Nephrology Research Group, 1052 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Beáta Szebeni
- Pediatric Center, MTA Center of Excellence, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
- ELKH-SE Pediatrics and Nephrology Research Group, 1052 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Bokrossy
- Pediatric Center, MTA Center of Excellence, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ádám Vannay
- Pediatric Center, MTA Center of Excellence, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
- ELKH-SE Pediatrics and Nephrology Research Group, 1052 Budapest, Hungary
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6
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Eshraghi M, Ahmadi M, Afshar S, Lorzadeh S, Adlimoghaddam A, Rezvani Jalal N, West R, Dastghaib S, Igder S, Torshizi SRN, Mahmoodzadeh A, Mokarram P, Madrakian T, Albensi BC, Łos MJ, Ghavami S, Pecic S. Enhancing autophagy in Alzheimer's disease through drug repositioning. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 237:108171. [PMID: 35304223 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the biggest human health threats due to increases in aging of the global population. Unfortunately, drugs for treating AD have been largely ineffective. Interestingly, downregulation of macroautophagy (autophagy) plays an essential role in AD pathogenesis. Therefore, targeting autophagy has drawn considerable attention as a therapeutic approach for the treatment of AD. However, developing new therapeutics is time-consuming and requires huge investments. One of the strategies currently under consideration for many diseases is "drug repositioning" or "drug repurposing". In this comprehensive review, we have provided an overview of the impact of autophagy on AD pathophysiology, reviewed the therapeutics that upregulate autophagy and are currently used in the treatment of other diseases, including cancers, and evaluated their repurposing as a possible treatment option for AD. In addition, we discussed the potential of applying nano-drug delivery to neurodegenerative diseases, such as AD, to overcome the challenge of crossing the blood brain barrier and specifically target molecules/pathways of interest with minimal side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Eshraghi
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba College of Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
| | - Mazaher Ahmadi
- Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran; Autophagy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Saeid Afshar
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Shahrokh Lorzadeh
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba College of Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
| | - Aida Adlimoghaddam
- Autophagy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Division of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Winnipeg, MB R2H2A6, Canada
| | | | - Ryan West
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Fullerton, United States of America
| | - Sanaz Dastghaib
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz Iran
| | - Somayeh Igder
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Amir Mahmoodzadeh
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran
| | - Pooneh Mokarram
- Autophagy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Tayyebeh Madrakian
- Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran; Autophagy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Benedict C Albensi
- St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Division of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Winnipeg, MB R2H2A6, Canada; Nova Southeastern Univ. College of Pharmacy, Davie, FL, United States of America; University of Manitoba, College of Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
| | - Marek J Łos
- Biotechnology Center, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba College of Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada; Autophagy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Research Institutes of Oncology and Hematology, Cancer Care Manitoba-University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada; Biology of Breathing Theme, Children Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada; Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, University of Technology in Katowice, Academia of Silesia, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Stevan Pecic
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Fullerton, United States of America.
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7
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Hagan AE, Znati SA, Carter R, Westhorpe A, Macfarlane WM, Phillips GJ, Lloyd AW, Sharma RA, Lewis AL. Vandetanib-eluting radiopaque beads for chemoembolization: physicochemical evaluation and biological activity of vandetanib in hypoxia. Anticancer Drugs 2021; 32:897-908. [PMID: 33929994 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000001082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Vandetanib-eluting radiopaque beads (VERB) have been developed for use in transarterial chemoembolization of liver tumours, with the goal of combining embolization with local delivery of antiangiogenic therapy. The objective of this study was to investigate how embolization-induced hypoxia may affect antitumoural activity of vandetanib, an inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), in the context of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment. We studied the effect of vandetanib on proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis of HCC cells, in hypoxic conditions, as well as the direct effects of the beads on 3D HCC spheroids. Vandetanib suppressed proliferation and induced apoptosis of HCC cells in vitro and was equipotent in hypoxic and normoxic conditions. High degrees of apoptosis were observed among cell lines in which vandetanib suppressed ERK1/2 phosphorylation and upregulated the proapoptotic protein Bim, but this did not appear essential for vandetanib-induced cell death in all cell lines. Vandetanib also suppressed the hypoxia-induced secretion of VEGF from HCC cells and inhibited proliferation of endothelial cells. Incubation of tumour spheroids with VERB led to sustained growth inhibition equivalent to the effect of free drug. We conclude that vandetanib has both antiangiogenic and direct anticancer activity against HCC cells even in hypoxic conditions, warranting the further evaluation of VERB as novel anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice E Hagan
- Biocompatibles UK Ltd, a BTG International group company, Lakeview, Riverside Way, Watchmoor Park, Camberley, (now a Boston Scientific Corp. company)
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Moulsecoomb, Brighton
| | - Sami A Znati
- NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, UCL Cancer Institute, Paul O'Gorman Building, London, UK
| | - Rebecca Carter
- NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, UCL Cancer Institute, Paul O'Gorman Building, London, UK
| | - Adam Westhorpe
- NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, UCL Cancer Institute, Paul O'Gorman Building, London, UK
| | - Wendy M Macfarlane
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Moulsecoomb, Brighton
| | - Gary J Phillips
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Moulsecoomb, Brighton
| | - Andrew W Lloyd
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Moulsecoomb, Brighton
| | - Ricky A Sharma
- NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, UCL Cancer Institute, Paul O'Gorman Building, London, UK
| | - Andrew L Lewis
- Biocompatibles UK Ltd, a BTG International group company, Lakeview, Riverside Way, Watchmoor Park, Camberley, (now a Boston Scientific Corp. company)
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Akagunduz B, Ozcicek F, Kara AV, Guven DC, Yazici GN, Çoban A, Suleyman B, Mammadov R, Suleyman H. Effects of adenosine triphosphate on vandetanib induced skin damage in rats. Cutan Ocul Toxicol 2020; 39:323-327. [PMID: 32722951 DOI: 10.1080/15569527.2020.1802742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Vandetanib is a wide spectrum tyrosine kinase inhibitor used for the treatment of metastatic medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) and various other cancer types. Although it is usually well-tolerated ıt has been linked to a variety of severe dermatologic reactions. Our study aimed was to investigate adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) on vandetanib-induced skin damage. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total number of 18 rats were divided into three equal groups as vandetanib group (VDB), vandetanib plus ATP group (VAT), and healthy group (HG); 25 mg/kg ATP was injected intraperitoneally (ip) to the VAT group. Normal saline was given to the HG and VDB groups as solvent via intraperitoneally. One hour later, 25 mg/kg vandetanib was applied orally via an orogastric catheter in the VAT and VDB groups. This procedure was repeated once daily for 4 weeks. After that period, all animals were sacrificed and their skin tissues removed. Malondialdehyde (MDA), total glutathione (tGSH), total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS) levels in rats' skin tissues were evaluated with histopathological analyses. RESULTS MDA and TOS levels measured higher in the VDB group compared to the VAT and HG groups (p < 0.001). tGSH and TAS levels of the VDB group measured lower than the VAT and HG groups (p < 0.001). The structure and morphology of skin tissue were normal in the control group. In the VDB group, skin tissue damage with thinner epitelium, ruptured and degenerated hair follicles, abnormal accumulation of abnormal keratin on the epithelium and oedematous areas in the dermis was observed. In the VAT group, these findings were significantly improved. CONCLUSION We demonstrated that adenosine triphosphate can prevent vandetanib-induced skin toxicity in rats for the first time. The promising results denote that further studies testing this agent in other animal models and in humans are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baran Akagunduz
- Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Fatih Ozcicek
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Ali Veysel Kara
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Deniz Can Guven
- Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gulce Naz Yazici
- Department of Histology and Emryology, Faculty of Science and Art, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Abdulkadir Çoban
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Bahadır Suleyman
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Renad Mammadov
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Halis Suleyman
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan, Turkey
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Znati S, Carter R, Vasquez M, Westhorpe A, Shahbakhti H, Prince J, Vlckova P, De Vellis C, Bascal Z, Loizidou M, Sharma RA. Radiosensitisation of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells by Vandetanib. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12071878. [PMID: 32668592 PMCID: PMC7408860 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12071878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is increasing in incidence worldwide and requires new approaches to therapy. The combination of anti-angiogenic drug therapy and radiotherapy is one promising new approach. The anti-angiogenic drug vandetanib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) and RET proto-oncogene with radio-enhancement potential. To explore the benefit of combined vandetanib and radiotherapy treatment for HCC, we studied outcomes following combined treatment in pre-clinical models. Methods: Vandetanib and radiation treatment were combined in HCC cell lines grown in vitro and in vivo. In addition to 2D migration and clonogenic assays, the combination was studied in 3D spheroids and a syngeneic mouse model of HCC. Results: Vandetanib IC50s were measured in 20 cell lines and the drug was found to significantly enhance radiation cell kill and to inhibit both cell migration and invasion in vitro. In vivo, combination therapy significantly reduced cancer growth and improved overall survival, an effect that persisted for the duration of vandetanib treatment. Conclusion: In 2D and 3D studies in vitro and in a syngeneic model in vivo, the combination of vandetanib plus radiotherapy was more efficacious than either treatment alone. This new combination therapy for HCC merits evaluation in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sami Znati
- University College London Cancer Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK; (R.C.); (M.V.); (A.W.); (H.S.); (P.V.); (C.D.V.)
- Correspondence: (S.Z.); (R.A.S.)
| | - Rebecca Carter
- University College London Cancer Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK; (R.C.); (M.V.); (A.W.); (H.S.); (P.V.); (C.D.V.)
| | - Marcos Vasquez
- University College London Cancer Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK; (R.C.); (M.V.); (A.W.); (H.S.); (P.V.); (C.D.V.)
| | - Adam Westhorpe
- University College London Cancer Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK; (R.C.); (M.V.); (A.W.); (H.S.); (P.V.); (C.D.V.)
| | - Hassan Shahbakhti
- University College London Cancer Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK; (R.C.); (M.V.); (A.W.); (H.S.); (P.V.); (C.D.V.)
| | - Jessica Prince
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK;
| | - Petra Vlckova
- University College London Cancer Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK; (R.C.); (M.V.); (A.W.); (H.S.); (P.V.); (C.D.V.)
| | - Chiara De Vellis
- University College London Cancer Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK; (R.C.); (M.V.); (A.W.); (H.S.); (P.V.); (C.D.V.)
- Scuola di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Naturali, Università degli Studi di Firenze, 50121 Florence, Italy
| | - Zainab Bascal
- Biocompatibles UK Ltd. (A BTG International Group Company), Lakeview, Riverside Way, Watchmoor Park, Camberley, Surrey GU15 3YH, UK;
| | - Marilena Loizidou
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Royal Free Campus, University College London, London NW3 2QG, UK;
| | - Ricky A. Sharma
- University College London Cancer Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK; (R.C.); (M.V.); (A.W.); (H.S.); (P.V.); (C.D.V.)
- NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6DD, UK
- Correspondence: (S.Z.); (R.A.S.)
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Zhou Y, Gan F, Zhang Y, He X, Shen C, Qiu H, Liu P. Selective Killing of Cancer Cells by Nonplanar Aromatic Hydrocarbon-Induced DNA Damage. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2019; 6:1901341. [PMID: 31728285 PMCID: PMC6839640 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201901341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
A large number of current chemotherapeutic agents prevent the growth of tumors by inhibiting DNA synthesis of cancer cells. It has been found recently that many planar polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) derivatives, previously known as carcinogenic, display anticancer activity through DNA cross-linking. However, the practical use of these PAHs is substantially limited by their low therapeutic efficiency and selectivity toward most tumors. Herein, the anticancer property of a nonplanar PAH named [4]helicenium, which exhibits highly selective cytotoxicity toward liver, lung cancer, and leukemia cells compared with normal cells, is reported. Moreover, [4]helicenium effectively inhibits tumor growth in liver cancer-bearing mice and shows little side effects in normal mice. RNA sequencing and confirmatory results demonstrate that [4]helicenium induces more DNA damage in tumor cells than in normal cells, resulting in tumor cell cycle arrest and apoptosis increment. This study reveals an unexpected role and molecular mechanism for PAHs in selectively killing tumor cells and provides an effective strategy for precision cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesShanghai Cancer InstituteRen Ji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200032China
- Central LaboratoryRen Ji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200127China
| | - Fuwei Gan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringState Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix CompositesShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240China
| | - Yuanliang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical GenomicsShanghai Institute of HematologyRuijin HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200025China
| | - Xiaozhen He
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesShanghai Cancer InstituteRen Ji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200032China
- Central LaboratoryRen Ji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200127China
| | - Chengshuo Shen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringState Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix CompositesShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240China
| | - Huibin Qiu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringState Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix CompositesShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240China
| | - Peifeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesShanghai Cancer InstituteRen Ji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200032China
- Central LaboratoryRen Ji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200127China
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11
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12
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Yin Y, Qiu XY, Zhang YH, Zhang B. A rare cutaneous phototoxic rash after vandetanib therapy in a patient with thyroid cancer: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e16392. [PMID: 31374006 PMCID: PMC6709084 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000016392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Vandetanib is effective for treating symptomatic or progressive medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) in patients with unresectable locally advanced or metastatic disease, but its toxicity such as photosensitivity reactions should be considered. It is a rare adverse effect of this drug but might cause severe morbidity and even mortality. PATIENT CONCERNS A 26-year man with MTC developed phototoxic rashes on the sun-exposed areas of his shin after 15 days from the initiation of vandetanib treatment. Grade II skin toxicity was evaluated based on the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events standard. DIAGNOSES Drug-induced phototoxic rash. INTERVENTIONS The vandetanib dose was reduced by 30%, and the application of topical steroids and sunscreen was adopted. OUTCOMES After dose reduction of vandetanib, the symptoms of vandetanib-induced phototoxic rash resolved, although residual pigmentation was observed. LESSONS Close attention should be paid to the adverse effect of vandetanib, phototoxic rash, and patients should be advised on the prevention and treatment measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yin
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Pharmacy
| | - Xin Ye Qiu
- Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Hua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Pharmacy
| | - Bin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute
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Salerno S, Barresi E, García-Argáez AN, Taliani S, Simorini F, Amendola G, Tomassi S, Cosconati S, Novellino E, Da Settimo F, Marini AM, Dalla Via L. Discovery of Pyrido[3',2':5,6]thiopyrano[4,3- d]pyrimidine-Based Antiproliferative Multikinase Inhibitors. ACS Med Chem Lett 2019; 10:457-462. [PMID: 30996779 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.8b00499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein kinases dysregulation is extremely common in cancer cells, and the development of new agents able to simultaneously target multiple kinase pathways involved in angiogenesis and tumor growth may offer several advantages in the treatment of cancer. Herein we report the discovery of new pyridothiopyranopyrimidine derivatives (2-4) showing high potencies in VEGFR-2 KDR inhibition as well as antiproliferative effect on a panel of human tumor cell lines. Investigation on the selectivity profile of the representative 2-anilino-substituted compounds 3b, 3i, and 3j revealed a multiplicity of kinase targets that should account for the potent antiproliferative effect produced by these pyridothiopyranopyrimidine derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Salerno
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Barresi
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Sabrina Taliani
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesca Simorini
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Giorgio Amendola
- DiSTABiF, Università della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Stefano Tomassi
- DiSTABiF, Università della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Sandro Cosconati
- DiSTABiF, Università della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Ettore Novellino
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Federico Da Settimo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Marini
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Lisa Dalla Via
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università di Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
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Furugaki K, Mochizuki M, Kohno M, Shu S, Harada N, Yoshimura Y. Expression of C-terminal ALK, RET, or ROS1 in lung cancer cells with or without fusion. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:301. [PMID: 30943926 PMCID: PMC6446279 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5527-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Genetic alterations, including mutation of epidermal growth factor receptor or v-Ki-ras2 kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog and fusion of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), RET proto-oncogene (RET), or v-ros UR2 sarcoma virus oncogene homolog 1 (ROS1), occur in non-small cell lung cancers, and these oncogenic drivers are important biomarkers for targeted therapies. A useful technique to screen for these fusions is the detection of native carboxy-terminal (C-terminal) protein by immunohistochemistry; however, the effects of other genetic alterations on C-terminal expression is not fully understood. In this study, we evaluated whether C-terminal expression is specifically elevated by fusion with or without typical genetic alterations of lung cancer. Methods In 37 human lung cancer cell lines and four tissue specimens, protein and mRNA levels were measured by capillary western blotting and reverse transcription–PCR, respectively. Results Compared with the median of all 37 cell lines, mRNA levels at the C-terminus of all five of the fusion-positive cell lines tested (three ALK, one RET, and one ROS1) were elevated at least 2000-, 300-, or 2000-fold, respectively, and high C-terminal protein expression was detected. In an ALK fusion–positive tissue specimen, the mRNA and protein levels of C-terminal ALK were also markedly elevated. Meanwhile, in one of 36 RET fusion–negative cell lines, RET mRNA levels at the C-terminus were elevated at least 500-fold compared with the median of all 37 cell lines, and high C-terminal protein expression was detected despite the absence of RET fusion. Conclusions This study of 37 cell lines and four tissue specimens shows the detection of C-terminal ALK or ROS1 proteins could be a comprehensive method to determine ALK or ROS1 fusion, whereas not only the detection of C-terminal RET protein but also other methods would be needed to determine RET fusion. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-019-5527-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koh Furugaki
- Product Research Department, Kamakura Research Laboratories, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 200 Kajiwara, Kamakura, Kanagawa, 247-8530, Japan
| | - Marie Mochizuki
- Product Research Department, Kamakura Research Laboratories, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 200 Kajiwara, Kamakura, Kanagawa, 247-8530, Japan
| | - Mirei Kohno
- Product Research Department, Kamakura Research Laboratories, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 200 Kajiwara, Kamakura, Kanagawa, 247-8530, Japan
| | - Sei Shu
- Product Research Department, Kamakura Research Laboratories, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 200 Kajiwara, Kamakura, Kanagawa, 247-8530, Japan
| | - Naoki Harada
- Product Research Department, Kamakura Research Laboratories, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 200 Kajiwara, Kamakura, Kanagawa, 247-8530, Japan
| | - Yasushi Yoshimura
- Product Research Department, Kamakura Research Laboratories, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 200 Kajiwara, Kamakura, Kanagawa, 247-8530, Japan.
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Li L, Yu J, Jiao S, Wang W, Zhang F, Sun S. Vandetanib (ZD6474) induces antiangiogenesis through mTOR-HIF-1 alpha-VEGF signaling axis in breast cancer cells. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:8543-8553. [PMID: 30555244 PMCID: PMC6278704 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s175578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Vandetanib, also known as ZD6474, has recently been proved to be a clinical drug for cancer by targeting vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), EGFR, and RET tyrosine kinases. We hypothesized that vandetanib will be a drug candidate for breast cancer treatment by targeting angiogenesis. Materials and methods Vandetanib was used to treat different breast cancer cell lines, and its effect on growth, apoptosis, and cell cycle was studied by MTT assay and flow cytometry. VEGF level in culture medium was measured by ELISA. Gene expression of mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1 alpha, and VEGF at mRNA and protein level were analyzed by quantitative real-time-PCR and Western blot. The cellular behavior variations were investigated by using wound healing assay, transwell invasion assay, and tubular formation assay as well as experiments in vivo. Result We found that vandetanib can inhibit breast cancer cell line growth via apoptosis and cell cycle regulation. VEGF secretion decreases upon treatment. Vandetanib can reduce both mRNA and protein level of mTOR, HIF-1 alpha, and VEGF. Angiogenesis assays showed that vandetanib can inhibit wound healing, invasion, and tubular formation in culture. Furthermore, vandetanib inhibited the growth of breast tumor in vivo. Conclusion In short, our study showed that vandetanib can control angiogenesis of breast cancer in culture via mTOR, HIF-1 alpha, and VEGF signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Li
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Tengzhou Central People's Hospital of Jining Medical University, Zaozhuang, Shandong, China,
| | - Jingkui Yu
- Breast Surgery Department, Affiliated Tengzhou Central People's Hospital of Jining Medical University, Zaozhuang, Shandong, China
| | - Shuhong Jiao
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Tengzhou Central People's Hospital of Jining Medical University, Zaozhuang, Shandong, China,
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Tengzhou Central People's Hospital of Jining Medical University, Zaozhuang, Shandong, China,
| | - Fen Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Tengzhou Central People's Hospital of Jining Medical University, Zaozhuang, Shandong, China,
| | - Shiqing Sun
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Tengzhou Central People's Hospital of Jining Medical University, Zaozhuang, Shandong, China,
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Zhu W, Chen H, Wang Y, Wang J, Peng X, Chen X, Gao Y, Li C, He Y, Ai J, Geng M, Zheng M, Liu H. Design, Synthesis, and Pharmacological Evaluation of Novel Multisubstituted Pyridin-3-amine Derivatives as Multitargeted Protein Kinase Inhibitors for the Treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. J Med Chem 2017; 60:6018-6035. [PMID: 28714692 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b00076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A novel series of pyridin-3-amine derivatives were designed, synthesized, and evaluated as multitargeted protein kinase inhibitors for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Hit 1 was first disclosed by in silico screening against fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFR), which was subsequently validated by in vitro experiments. The structure-activity relationship (SAR) of its analogues was then explored to afford novel FGFR inhibitors 2a-2p and 3a-3q. Among them, 3m showed potent inhibition against FGFR1, 2, and 3. Interestingly, compound 3m not only inhibited various phosphorylation and downstream signaling across different oncogenic forms in FGFR-overactivated cancer cells but also showed nanomolar level inhibition against several other NSCLC-related oncogene kinases, including RET, EGFR, EGFR/T790M/L858R, DDR2, and ALK. Finally, in vivo pharmacology evaluations of 3m showed significant antitumor activity (TGI = 66.1%) in NCI-H1581 NSCLC xenografts with a good pharmacokinetic profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hui Chen
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yulan Wang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiang Wang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xia Peng
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xianjie Chen
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yinglei Gao
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chunpu Li
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yulong He
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jing Ai
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Meiyu Geng
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Mingyue Zheng
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hong Liu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
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Zhang A, Li J. Crocetin shifts autophagic cell survival to death of breast cancer cells in chemotherapy. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317694536. [PMID: 28351329 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317694536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The chemotherapy with fluorouracil is not always effective, in which some breast cancer cells may survive the fluorouracil treatment through enhanced autophagy. Crocetin is the major constituent of saffron, a Chinese traditional herb, which has recently found to have multiple pharmacological effects, including anticancer. However, the effects of Crocetin on the outcome of fluorouracil therapy for breast cancer have not been studied. Here, we showed that fluorouracil treatment inhibited the growth of breast cancer cells, in either a Cell Counting Kit-8 assay or an MTT assay. Inhibition of autophagy further suppressed breast cancer cell growth, suggesting that the breast cancer cells increased autophagic cell survival during fluorouracil treatment. However, Crocetin significantly increased the suppressive effects of fluorouracil on breast cancer cell growth, without affecting either cell apoptosis or autophagy. Inhibition of autophagy at the presence of Crocetin partially abolished the suppressive effects on breast cancer cell growth, suggesting that Crocetin may increase autophagic cell death in fluorouracil-treated breast cancer cells. Furthermore, Crocetin decreased Beclin-1 levels but increased ATG1 levels in fluorouracil-treated breast cancer cells. Together, these data suggest that Crocetin may shift autophagic cell survival to autophagic cell death in fluorouracil-treated breast cancer cells, possibly through modulation of the expression of ATG1 and Beclin-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ailian Zhang
- 1 Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Hospital Affiliated of Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Jincheng Li
- 2 Department of Breast Surgery, The First Hospital Affiliated of Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, China
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Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of O-linked indoles as VEGFR-2 kinase inhibitors (I). CHINESE CHEM LETT 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2015.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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