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Adou C, Magne J, Gazere N, Aouida M, Chastaingt L, Aboyans V. Global epidemiology of lower extremity artery disease in the 21st century (2000-21): a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2024; 31:803-811. [PMID: 38079162 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwad381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
AIMS The epidemiology of lower extremity artery disease (LEAD) is evolving. This meta-analysis of aggregate data aimed to (i) determine the global prevalence of LEAD and by regions in the 21st century and (ii) update the associated risk factors in this period. METHODS AND RESULTS A systematic literature review was performed through PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases, restricted to general population studies between January 2000 and September 2021, with LEAD defined by a low (≤0.90) ankle-brachial index. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to evaluate the quality of the articles before data extraction. Due to high heterogeneity, the random effect model was applied to this meta-analysis. Among 1418 references, 38 studies (127 961 participants) were retained. The global prevalence in adults, mostly ≥40 years, was estimated at 9.7% [95% confidence interval (CI): 7.1-12.4], higher in women (10.2%) than in men (8.8%), increasing sharply with age. The highest prevalence was found in South-Central Asia (14.5%) and the lowest in North America (5.6%). Significant associations were found between LEAD and current [odds ratio (OR) = 1.9, 95% CI: 1.4-2.5] and past smoking (OR = 1.6, 95% CI: 1.3-1.9) and between LEAD and diabetes (OR = 2.3, 95% CI: 2.0-2.8). Hypertension was significantly associated with LEAD (OR = 2.3, 95% CI: 1.9-2.8) and in particular in South America (OR = 4.0). Obesity (OR = 1.5, 95% CI: 1.2-1.8) and hypercholesterolaemia ≥200 mg/dL (OR = 1.9, 95% CI: 1.3-2.8) were also significantly associated with LEAD. CONCLUSION This meta-analysis highlights a currently high prevalence of LEAD worldwide, with substantial differences in global regions and between sexes. The strongest associations were found with metabolic risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Adou
- EpiMaCT Research Unit U1094 Inserm U270 IRD EpiMaCT, School of Medicine, Limoges University, 2ave Marcland, 87025 Limoges, France
| | - Julien Magne
- EpiMaCT Research Unit U1094 Inserm U270 IRD EpiMaCT, School of Medicine, Limoges University, 2ave Marcland, 87025 Limoges, France
| | - Nana Gazere
- EpiMaCT Research Unit U1094 Inserm U270 IRD EpiMaCT, School of Medicine, Limoges University, 2ave Marcland, 87025 Limoges, France
| | - Maissa Aouida
- EpiMaCT Research Unit U1094 Inserm U270 IRD EpiMaCT, School of Medicine, Limoges University, 2ave Marcland, 87025 Limoges, France
| | - Lucie Chastaingt
- EpiMaCT Research Unit U1094 Inserm U270 IRD EpiMaCT, School of Medicine, Limoges University, 2ave Marcland, 87025 Limoges, France
- Department of Vascular Surgery and Vascular Medicine, Dupuytren University Hospital, Limoges, France
| | - Victor Aboyans
- EpiMaCT Research Unit U1094 Inserm U270 IRD EpiMaCT, School of Medicine, Limoges University, 2ave Marcland, 87025 Limoges, France
- Department of Cardiology, Dupuytren University Hospital, 16 rue Bernard Descottes, 87042 Limoges, France
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Kampf S, Micko A, Stojkovic S, Nackenhorst M, Demyanets S, Eilenberg WH, Krenn C, Wojta J, Neumayer C. Elevated EMMPRIN Serum Levels Indicate Plaque Vulnerability in Patients With Asymptomatic High Grade Carotid Stenosis. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2023; 65:474-483. [PMID: 36529365 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2022.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Carotid atherosclerosis is an important cause of cerebral ischaemic stroke. Sonographic plaque characteristics are inappropriate for exact prediction of possible future ischaemic events. Additional markers are needed to predict the clinical outcome in high grade carotid stenosis. This study aimed to test extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN), due to its involvement in plaque formation and destabilisation, as a potential marker of high risk vulnerable plaques. METHODS EMMPRIN was analysed in pre-operative serum samples from patients with symptomatic and asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis by a specific ELISA. Pre-operative duplex sonography classified the atherosclerotic plaque due to echogenicity. Histopathological analysis of vulnerable and non-vulnerable plaques was based on the American Heart Association (AHA) classification. RESULTS The study included 265 patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy: 90 (m:f, 69:21) patients with symptomatic and 175 (m:f, 118:57) with asymptomatic disease. Analysis of circulating EMMPRIN revealed significantly higher levels in patients with echolucent plaques (4 480; IQR 3 745, 6 144 pg/mL) compared with echogenic plaques (4 159; IQR 3 418, 5 402 pg/mL; p = .025). Asymptomatic patients with vulnerable plaques had significantly higher levels of EMMPRIN (4 875; IQR 3 850, 7 016 pg/mL) compared with non-vulnerable plaques (4 109; IQR 3 433, 5 402 pg/mL; p < .001). In logistic regression analysis, duplex sonography combined with age, gender, and clinical risk factors predicted vulnerable plaques in asymptomatic patients with an AUC of 0.71 (95% CI 0.61 - 0.80). EMMPRIN significantly improved the AUC in asymptomatic patients (AUC 0.79; 95% CI 0.71 - 0.87; p = .014). CONCLUSION Patients with high risk plaques according to ultrasound and histopathological characteristics demonstrated increased serum EMMPRIN levels. EMMPRIN on top of clinical risk factors, including age, gender, and duplex sonography may be used for pre-operative risk stratification in asymptomatic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Kampf
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander Micko
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Stojkovic
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Maja Nackenhorst
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Svitlana Demyanets
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolf-Hans Eilenberg
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Claus Krenn
- Department of Anaesthetics and General Intensive Care, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Johann Wojta
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Core Facilities, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Neumayer
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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Li PF, Zhang JC, He XJ, Niu JH, Wu WF, Li T. The correlation between serum Cyclophilin A level and severity, prognosis of craniocerebral injury. Front Neurol 2022; 13:968071. [PMID: 36518190 PMCID: PMC9742373 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.968071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the value of serum Cyclophilin A(Cyp A) in evaluating the prognosis of patients with different severity of craniocerebral injury. METHODS The clinical data of patients with craniocerebral injury treated in the Department of Emergency from July 2014 to August 2017 were collected. The patients were divided into survival group and death group, good neurological function group and poor neurological function group with 28-day prognosis and were divided into mild (13-15) group, moderate (9-12) group, and severe (3-8) group with Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score. Clinical parameters such as Cyp A and mortality in groups and the relationship between Cyp A and GCS score were compared and its predictive value for prognosis was analyzed with Binary Logistics regression, Cox proportional hazards model and kaplan-meier survival curve. RESULTS In a single-center retrospective study, 503 patients were enrolled, including 365 males and 138 females; serum Cyp A in the survival group was significantly smaller than the death group [18.7 (10.1, 51.5) ng/mL vs. 149.8 (79.5, 194.4) ng/mL, P < 0.005]. There were significant differences in mortality and Cyp A levels between patients with different severity of craniocerebral injury (P < 0.001). Serum Cyp A levels were negatively correlated with GCS scores in all patients with craniocerebral injury, mild, moderate, or severe craniocerebral injury (r = -0.844, r = -0.256, r = -0.540, r = -0.531, P < 0.001). Predictive value of Serum Cyp A level for all patients with craniocerebral injury, mild, moderate, and severe craniocerebral injury is 0.890, 0.789, 0.806, and 0.833, respectively. Logistics regression analysis showed that lactate (OR = 1.260, 95%CI: 1.023-1.551) and Cyp A (OR = 1.021, 95%CI: 1.011-1.031) were positively correlated with death (P < 0.05), Lactic acid (HR 1.115; 95%CI:1.001-1.243; P = 0.048), GCS score (HR 0.888; 95% CI: 0.794-0.993; P = 0.038), Cyp A levels (HR 1.009; 95% CI: 1.004-1.013; P < 0.001) had a significant effect on short-term mortality. Similar results were seen when neurologic function was used as the outcome. Kaplan-meier survival curve analysis found survival rate of patients with Cyp A level below the cut-off value was significantly higher. CONCLUSION Serum Cyp A has a certain predictive value for the prognosis of patients with different severity of craniocerebral injury. Among them, patients with severe craniocerebral injury have the highest predictive value and mild craniocerebral injury patients have the least.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Tong Li
- Department of Intensive Care, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Shan Y, Zhou P, Zhou Q, Yang L. Extracellular Vesicles in the Progression and Therapeutic Resistance of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:2289. [PMID: 35565418 PMCID: PMC9101631 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14092289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is an epithelial malignancy largely associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, which is frequently reported in east and southeast Asia. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) originate from the endosome or plasma membrane, which plays a critical role in tumor pathogenesis for their character of cell-cell communication and its cargos, including proteins, RNA, and other molecules that can target recipient cells and affect their progression. To date, numerous studies have indicated that EVs have crucial significance in the progression, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance of NPC. In this review, we not only summarize the interaction of NPC cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME) through EVs, but also explain the role of EVs in radiation and drug resistance of NPC, which poses a severe threat to cancer therapy. Therefore, EVs may show great potential as biomarkers in the early diagnosis of interfered targets of NPC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhan Shan
- Department of Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China; (Y.S.); (P.Z.); (Q.Z.)
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Peijun Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China; (Y.S.); (P.Z.); (Q.Z.)
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Qin Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China; (Y.S.); (P.Z.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Lifang Yang
- Department of Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China; (Y.S.); (P.Z.); (Q.Z.)
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
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The Pathophysiologic Role of Gelsolin in Chronic Kidney Disease: Focus on Podocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413281. [PMID: 34948078 PMCID: PMC8704698 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is normally related to proteinuria, a common finding in a compromised glomerular filtration barrier (GFB). GFB is a structure composed of glomerular endothelial cells, the basement membrane, and the podocytes. CKD with podocyte damage may be associated with actin cytoskeleton reorganization, resulting in podocyte effacement. Gelsolin plays a critical role in several diseases, including cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Our current study aimed to determine the connection between gelsolin and podocyte, and thus the mechanism underlying podocyte injury in CKD. Experiments were carried out on Drosophila to demonstrate whether gelsolin had a physiological role in maintaining podocyte. Furthermore, the survival rate of gelsolin-knocked down Drosophila larvae was extensively reduced after AgNO3 exposure. Secondly, the in vitro podocytes treated with puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN) enhanced the gelsolin protein expression, as well as small GTPase RhoA and Rac1, which also regulated actin dynamic expression incrementally with the PAN concentrations. Thirdly, we further demonstrated in vivo that GSN was highly expressed inside the glomeruli with mitochondrial dysfunction in a CKD mouse model. Our findings suggest that an excess of gelsolin may contribute to podocytes damage in glomeruli.
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Nakai M, Shimokado A, Kubo T, Katayama Y, Nishiguchi T, Kashiwagi M, Shimamura K, Shiono Y, Kuroi A, Yamano T, Tanimoto T, Matsuo Y, Kitabata H, Ino Y, Yamaguchi T, Tanaka A, Hozumi T, Akasaka T. Expression of Cyclophilin A in Coronary Artery Plaque with Intraplaque Hemorrhage Is More Frequent in Deceased Patients Who Had Impaired Kidney Function. Int Heart J 2020; 61:1129-1134. [PMID: 33191348 DOI: 10.1536/ihj.20-283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Patients with impaired kidney function have a high frequency of intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH) in their coronary arteries. Levels of cyclophilin A (CyPA), an indirect matrix metalloproteinase inducer, are increased in deceased patients who had impaired kidney function. In this study, we have examined the relationship between IPH and CyPA.We examined 47 samples of coronary plaque from 27 cadavers with coronary stenosis. These sections, all with > 50% coronary stenosis, were stained with an antibody against CyPA and the expression of CyPA was semi-quantified. Cadavers and plaques were classified into one of two groups depending on the presence or absence of IPH. IPH was defined as the presence of red blood cells stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) indicative of overt acute hemorrhage.In an individual analysis, estimation of glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in the IPH group was significantly lower than that in the non-IPH group (P = 0.002). In a histological analysis, the percentage of stained area of CyPA in the IPH group was significantly higher than that in the non-IPH group (P < 0.0001).IPH was associated with a significantly higher expression of CyPA in this study. In addition, patients with IPH in their coronary arteries had significantly impaired kidney function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Nakai
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University
| | - Aiko Shimokado
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University
| | - Takashi Kubo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University
| | - Yosuke Katayama
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University
| | | | - Manabu Kashiwagi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University
| | | | - Yasutsugu Shiono
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University
| | - Akio Kuroi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University
| | - Takashi Yamano
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University
| | - Takashi Tanimoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University
| | - Yoshiki Matsuo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University
| | | | - Yasushi Ino
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University
| | | | - Atsushi Tanaka
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University
| | - Takeshi Hozumi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University
| | - Takashi Akasaka
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University
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7
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyclophilin A (CyPA) is the responder protein to stimuli that cause inflammation. To date, no association among CyPA and Bell palsy has been reported. METHODS The concentrations of Serum CyPA were measured in 90 healthy participants and 92 patients with Bell palsy. Serum samples of patients and the control group were compared on the basis of CyPA levels. Facial latency and amplitude values on electromyography were evaluated and compared with serum CyPA concentrations. RESULTS A total of 28, 37, 19, and 8 patients had grade 3, 4, 5, and 6 facial palsy cases, respectively. Comparing the control group and the patient group showed significant differences in CyPA values (P < 0.001). Cyclophilin A value can be evaluated as a marker with high disease discrimination capability. The results also showed that at low CyPA, the average recovery time was shorter than that of high CyPA (41.6 ± 5.7 days vs 62.8 ± 10.2 days, P = 0.036). We found no statistically significant relationship between electromyography parameters and CyPA level. (Facial latency: r: -0.014, P: 0.948; facial amplitude r: -0.081, P: 0.713). CONCLUSION Serum CyPA concentrations increased in response to inflammation in Bell palsy patients. However, CyPA could not be used as an early prognostic marker in Bell palsy, low CyPA indicates the shorter average recovery time than that of high CyPA.
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Alfonso A, Bayón J, Gegunde S, Alonso E, Alvariño R, Santás-Álvarez M, Testa-Fernández A, Rios-Vázquez R, González-Juanatey C, Botana LM. High Serum Cyclophilin C levels as a risk factor marker for Coronary Artery Disease. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10576. [PMID: 31332225 PMCID: PMC6646393 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46988-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclophilins (Cyps) are ubiquitous proteins that belong to the immunophilins family consistently associated with inflammatory and cardiovascular diseases. While levels of CypA have been extensively studied, less data are available for other Cyps. The purpose of this case-control study was to determine the relationship of Cyps (A, B, C and D) with coronary artery disease (CAD) and eight inflammation markers. Serum levels of Cyps, interleukins and metalloproteinases were measured in serum collected from 84 subjects. Participants were divided into two sub-groups based on CAD diagnosis: 40 CAD patients and 44 control volunteers. Serum levels of CypA, CypB and CypC, IL-1β and IL-6 were significantly higher in CAD patients. Bivariate correlation analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between Cyps and several blood and biochemical parameters. When the ability of Cyps levels for CAD diagnosis was evaluated, higher sensitivity and selectivity values were obtained with CypC (c-statistic 0.891, p < 0.001) indicating that it is a good marker of CAD disease, while less conclusive results were obtained with CypA (c-statistic 0.748, p < 0.001) and CypB (c-statistic 0.655, p < 0.014). In addition, significant correlations of traditional CAD risk factors and CypC were observed. In summary, high levels of CypC are a risk factor for CAD and therefore it can be proposed as a new biomarker for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amparo Alfonso
- Pharmacology Department, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 27002, Lugo, Spain.
| | - Jeremías Bayón
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti, 27003, Lugo, Spain
| | - Sandra Gegunde
- Pharmacology Department, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 27002, Lugo, Spain
| | - Eva Alonso
- Pharmacology Department, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 27002, Lugo, Spain
| | - Rebeca Alvariño
- Pharmacology Department, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 27002, Lugo, Spain
| | | | - Ana Testa-Fernández
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti, 27003, Lugo, Spain
| | - Ramón Rios-Vázquez
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti, 27003, Lugo, Spain
| | | | - Luis M Botana
- Pharmacology Department, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 27002, Lugo, Spain
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Liu L, Zuo L, Yang J, Xin S, Zhang J, Zhou J, Li G, Tang J, Lu J. Exosomal cyclophilin A as a novel noninvasive biomarker for Epstein-Barr virus associated nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Cancer Med 2019; 8:3142-3151. [PMID: 31063269 PMCID: PMC6558463 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes have emerged as novel vehicles for proteins and other contents in cancer progression. Cyclophilin A (CYPA) is a pivotal member of immunophilin family. Whether CYPA can be detected in sera of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients remains to be explored. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is the first identified human tumor virus and is a causative agent of NPC. The antibody of EBV capsid antigen immunoglobulin A (EBV-VCA-IgA) is a known biomarker of NPC, with a proportion of no more than 70% being detected positively. Hence, novel biomarkers need to be discovered for early diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring of EBV-associated NPC. A total of 110 NPC and 36 normal control serum samples were collected. Exosomes from these samples were extracted. The mRNA and protein expression levels of the above samples were validated by reverse transcription -quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Finally, the results demonstrated that both the serum and exosomal CYPA levels of NPC patients were significantly higher than that of normal cases. In addition, exosomal CYPA had a much higher level than that in the whole sera. The positive rate of EBV-VCA-IgA antibody was 68.2% in NPC sera, and noticeably, among the cases with EBV-VCA-IgA negative, 80% of them presented high levels of CYPA above the standard (cutoff value). In particular, CYPA in exosomes was uniformly with higher significance than that in whole sera. Combined analysis of CYPA protein and EBV-VCA-IgA antibody showed a greatly higher discriminatory ability in diagnosis of NPC. Moreover, exosomal CYPA level had a positive correlation with that of the EBV-encoded latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) in exosomes. EBV-positive cancer cells secreted significantly higher levels of exosomal CYPA. This study established the utility of circulating exosomal CYPA as a potential noninvasive diagnostic biomarker for EBV-associated NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingzhi Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Microbiology, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lielian Zuo
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Microbiology, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Yang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Microbiology, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shuyu Xin
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Microbiology, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Microbiology, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jianhua Zhou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guiyuan Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Microbiology, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jinyong Tang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Jianhong Lu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Microbiology, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Wang CM, Chang CS, Chang YF, Wu SJ, Chiu CJ, Hou MT, Chen CY, Liu PY, Wu CH. Inverse Relationship between Metabolic Syndrome and 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentration in Elderly People without Vitamin D deficiency. Sci Rep 2018; 8:17052. [PMID: 30451913 PMCID: PMC6242887 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35229-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D status is inversely associated with the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Whether this is true in the elderly without vitamin D deficiency is rarely investigated. Our data source is a cross-sectional survey of 1,966 community-dwelling elderly Taiwanese in 2012. An overnight fasting blood were obtained for biochemistry variables. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D] concentration <20 ng/mL. MetS is defined using modified ATP-III criteria. Of 523 participants without vitamin D deficiency (Men/Women = 269/254, age = 76.0 ± 6.2 years old [65–102 years old]), mean 25(OH)D was 44.0 ± 11.1 ng/mL, and the MetS prevalence of MS was 46.5%. Serum 25(OH)D was negatively associated with osteocalcin, the homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index, body mass index (BMI), and glycated hemoglobin A1c. Participants with more MetS features have lower serum 25(OH)D and osteocalcin. Binary logistic regression models showed that 25(OH)D, physical activity, and osteocalcin were negatively independent MetS factors, but that the HOMA-IR index, BMI, and being female were positively independent factors. The risk of MetS was progressively lower along with the increased 25(OH)D concentration, even above 60 ng/mL. In conclusion, a low 25(OH)D concentration is an independent risk factor for MetS in elderly people without vitamin D deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Min Wang
- Department of Neurology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Sung Chang
- Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Fan Chang
- Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Jiuan Wu
- Department of Food Nutrition, Chung Hwa University Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Ju Chiu
- Institute of Gerontology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Tzu Hou
- Department of Physical Therapy and Assistive Technology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Yu Chen
- Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Yen Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsing Wu
- Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan. .,Department of Food Nutrition, Chung Hwa University Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan.
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11
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Serum cyclophilin A concentrations and prognosis of acute intracerebral hemorrhage. Clin Chim Acta 2018; 486:162-167. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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12
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The first-trimester maternal serum cyclophilin A concentrations in women with complicated pregnancy as preeeclampsia. Clin Chim Acta 2018; 484:105-110. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2018.05.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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13
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The 90-day prognostic value of serum cyclophilin A in traumatic brain injury. Clin Chim Acta 2018; 484:258-264. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2018.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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14
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Xue C, Sowden MP, Berk BC. Extracellular and Intracellular Cyclophilin A, Native and Post-Translationally Modified, Show Diverse and Specific Pathological Roles in Diseases. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2018; 38:986-993. [PMID: 29599134 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.117.310661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
CypA (cyclophilin A) is a ubiquitous and highly conserved protein with peptidyl prolyl isomerase activity. Because of its highly abundant level in the cytoplasm, most studies have focused on the roles of CypA as an intracellular protein. However, emerging evidence suggests an important role for extracellular CypA in the pathogenesis of several diseases through receptor (CD147 or other)-mediated autocrine and paracrine signaling pathways. In this review, we will discuss the shared and unique pathological roles of extracellular and intracellular CypA in human cardiovascular diseases. In addition, the evolving role of post-translational modifications of CypA in the pathogenesis of disease is discussed. Finally, recent studies with drugs specific for extracellular CypA show its importance in disease pathogenesis in several animal models and make extracellular CypA a new therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Xue
- From the Department of Medicine, Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, NY
| | - Mark P Sowden
- From the Department of Medicine, Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, NY
| | - Bradford C Berk
- From the Department of Medicine, Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, NY.
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15
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Jiang Q, He X, Zou Y, Ding Y, Li H, Chen H. Altered gut microbiome promotes proteinuria in mice induced by Adriamycin. AMB Express 2018; 8:31. [PMID: 29492783 PMCID: PMC5833890 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-018-0558-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation has recently been attributed to dysbiosis of the gut microbiome, which has been linked to proteinuria in chronic kidney disease. Since Adriamycin® (ADR) is widely used to induce proteinuria in mouse models, the aim of this study was to explore the potential effect of gut microbiome on this process. Both ADR resistant (C57BL/6) and susceptible (BALB/C) strains were part of the induced nephropathy with ADR injection. BALB/C mice significantly presented increased urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (UACR) with renal lesions in pathology, but C57BL/6 mice were absent from kidney damage. Species and genus level resolution analysis showed a shift in gut microbial profile between BALB/C and C57BL/6 mice. ADR further altered the stool microbiome in BALB/C mice, particularly with enrichment of Odoribacter and depletion of Turicibacter, Marvinbryantia and Rikenella. Moreover, the level of UACR in BALB/C mice was marked related to the abundance of Marvinbryantia, Odoribacter and Turicibacter in stool. Meanwhile, ADR remarkably increased the serum levels of interleukin (IL)-2 in BALB/C mice, but not in C57BL/6 mice. It is suggested that the favorably altered stools as shown in the microbiome might promote the inflammation and proteinuria in ADR-sensitive mice, which provides a new insight on the pathogenicity of chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Jiang
- Orthodontic Department, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu China
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu China
| | - Xiwei He
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu China
| | - Yuntao Zou
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu China
| | - Yin Ding
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu China
| | - Huang Li
- Orthodontic Department, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu China
| | - Huimei Chen
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medical Genetics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu China
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16
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Zhang M, Tang J, Yin J, Wang X, Feng X, Yang X, Shan H, Zhang Q, Zhang J, Li Y. The clinical implication of serum cyclophilin A in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2018; 13:357-363. [PMID: 29403273 PMCID: PMC5783015 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s152898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cyclophilin A (CyPA) is a secreted molecule that is regulated by inflammatory stimuli. Although inflammation has an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), little is known regarding the relationship between serum CyPA and COPD. Methods Ninety-three COPD patients with acute exacerbation were enrolled in the study and were reassessed during the convalescence phase. Eighty-eight controls were matched for age, gender, body mass index, smoking index and comorbidity. The basic clinical information and pulmonary function of all participants were collected. Serum levels of CyPA and other inflammation indexes were further measured. Results Serum CyPA was significantly increased in convalescent COPD patients compared to healthy controls, and further elevated in COPD patients with acute exacerbation. Serum CyPA positively correlated with serum interleukin-6, matrix metalloproteinase-9 and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in both the exacerbation and convalescence phases of COPD. Furthermore, it negatively correlated with percent value of forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1%) predicted and FEV1/forced vital capacity in convalescent COPD patients. Conclusion These results suggest that serum CyPA can be used as a potential inflammatory biomarker for COPD and assessment of serum CyPA may reflect the severity of inflammation in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an
| | - Jingjing Tang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an
| | - Jiafeng Yin
- Department of Laboratory Examination, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- Health Examination Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangli Feng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an
| | - Xia Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an
| | - Hu Shan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an
| | - Qiuhong Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an
| | - Yali Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an
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17
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Brahmbhatt A, Remuzzi A, Franzoni M, Misra S. The molecular mechanisms of hemodialysis vascular access failure. Kidney Int 2017; 89:303-316. [PMID: 26806833 PMCID: PMC4734360 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2015.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The arteriovenous fistula has been used for more than 50 years to provide vascular access for patients undergoing hemodialysis. More than 1.5 million patients worldwide have end stage renal disease and this population will continue to grow. The arteriovenous fistula is the preferred vascular access for patients, but its patency rate at 1 year is only 60%. The majority of arteriovenous fistulas fail because of intimal hyperplasia. In recent years, there have been many studies investigating the molecular mechanisms responsible for intimal hyperplasia and subsequent thrombosis. These studies have identified common pathways including inflammation, uremia, hypoxia, sheer stress, and increased thrombogenicity. These cellular mechanisms lead to increased proliferation, migration, and eventually stenosis. These pathways work synergistically through shared molecular messengers. In this review, we will examine the literature concerning the molecular basis of hemodialysis vascular access malfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshaar Brahmbhatt
- Vascular and Interventional Radiology Translational Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Andrea Remuzzi
- Biomedical Engineering Department, IRCCS—Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Bergamo, Italy
- Engineering Department, University of Bergamo, Dalmine, Italy
| | - Marco Franzoni
- Biomedical Engineering Department, IRCCS—Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Sanjay Misra
- Vascular and Interventional Radiology Translational Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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18
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Cyclophilin A protects mice against infection by influenza A virus. Sci Rep 2016; 6:28978. [PMID: 27354005 PMCID: PMC4926061 DOI: 10.1038/srep28978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous studies indicate that Cyclophilin A (CypA) impairs the replication of influenza A virus in vitro. To further evaluate the antiviral functions of CypA and explore its mechanism, transgenic mice with overexpression of CypA by two specific promoters with SPC (CypA-SPC) or CMV (CypA-CMV) were developed. After challenge with the A/WSN/33(H1N1) influenza virus, CypA-SPC and CypA-CMV transgenic mice displayed nearly 2.5- and 3.8-fold stronger disease resistance to virus infection, respectively, compared to wild-type animals. Virus replication, pathological lesions and inflammatory cytokines were substantially reduced in both lines of transgenic mice. In addition, after infection there was an upregulation of genes associated with cell migration, immune function, and organ development; and a downregulation of genes associated with the positive regulation of immune cells and apoptosis in the peritoneal macrophages of CypA-overexpressing transgenic mice (CypA+). These results indicate that CypA is a key modulator of influenza virus resistance in mice, and that CypA+ mice constitutes an important model to study the roles of CypA in the regulation of immune responses and infections.
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19
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Perrucci GL, Straino S, Corlianò M, Scopece A, Napolitano M, Berk BC, Lombardi F, Pompilio G, Capogrossi MC, Nigro P. Cyclophilin A modulates bone marrow-derived CD117+ cells and enhances ischemia-induced angiogenesis via the SDF-1/CXCR4 axis. Int J Cardiol 2016; 212:324-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.03.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Revised: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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