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Sheikhy M, Karbasizade V, Ghanadian M, Fazeli H. Evaluation of chlorogenic acid and carnosol for anti-efflux pump and anti-biofilm activities against extensively drug-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Microbiol Spectr 2024:e0393423. [PMID: 39046262 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03934-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Efflux pumps and biofilm play significant roles in bacterial antibiotic resistance. This study investigates the potential of chlorogenic acid (CGA) and carnosol (CL), as phenolic and diterpene compounds, respectively, for their inhibitory effects on efflux pumps. Among the 12 multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from nosocomial skin infections, eight strains were identified as extensively drug resistant (XDR) using the disc diffusion method. The presence of efflux pumps in MDR strains of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa was screened using carbonyl cyanide-m-chlorophenylhydrazone. Between the 12 MDR strains of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa, 80% (4 out of 5) of the S. aureus strains and 85.7% (6 out of 7) of the P. aeruginosa strains exhibited active efflux pumps associated with gentamicin resistance. The checkerboard assay results, in combination with gentamicin, demonstrated that CGA exhibited a reduction in the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for XDR S. aureus strain. Similarly, CL showed a synergistic effect and reduced the MIC for both XDR strains of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. Flow cytometry was used to examine efflux pump activity at sub-MIC concentrations of 1/8, 1/4, and 1/2 MIC in comparison to the control. In XDR S. aureus, CGA demonstrated 39%, 70%, and 19% inhibition, while CL exhibited 74%, 73.5%, and 62% suppression. In XDR P. aeruginosa, CL exhibited inhibition rates of 25%, 10%, and 15%. The inhibition of biofilm formation was assessed using the microtiter plate method, resulting in successful inhibition of biofilm formation. Finally, the MTT assay was conducted, and it confirmed minimal cytotoxicity. Given the significant reduction in efflux pump activity and biofilm formation observed with CGA and CL in this study, these compounds can be considered as potential inhibitors of efflux pumps and biofilm formation, offering potential strategies to overcome antimicrobial resistance. IMPORTANCE In summary, CGA and CL demonstrated promising potentiating antimicrobial effects against XDR strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, suggesting their probably potential as candidates for addressing nosocomial pathogens. They exhibited significant suppression of efflux pump activity, indicating a possible successful inhibition of this mechanism. Moreover, all substances effectively inhibited biofilm formation, while showing minimal cytotoxicity. However, further advancement to clinical trials is needed to evaluate the feasibility of utilizing CGA and CL for reversing bacterial XDR efflux and determining their efficacy against biofilms. These trials will provide valuable insights into the practical applications of these compounds in combating drug-resistant infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohaddeseh Sheikhy
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Vajihe Karbasizade
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mustafa Ghanadian
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hossein Fazeli
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Xue W, Hao J, Zhang Q, Jin R, Luo Z, Yang X, Liu Y, Lu Q, Ouyang Y, Guo H. Chlorogenic Acid Inhibits Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Invasion of Breast Cancer by Down-Regulating LRP6. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2023; 384:254-264. [PMID: 36456194 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.122.001189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a crucial biologic process for breast cancer metastasis, and inhibition of EMT could be an effective approach to suppress metastatic potential of mammary cancer. High expression of low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 (LRP6) is usually observed in breast carcinoma and predicts poor prognosis. In the present study, we investigated whether chlorogenic acid (CA) can inhibit the EMT of breast cancer cells and underlying molecular mechanism. We found that CA treatment transformed MCF-7 cell morphology from spindle shape (mesenchymal phenotype) to spherical shape (epithelial phenotype). CA clearly increased epithelial biomarkers' expression (E-cadherin and ZO-1) but decreased mesenchymal proteins' expression (ZEB1, N-cadherin, vimentin, snail, and slug). In addition, CA attenuated MMP-2 and MMP-9 activities and inhibited cell migration and invasion. CA downregulated the expression of LRP6 in MCF-7 cells. Knockdown LRP6 with siRNA repressed cell mobility and invasion, wheras overexpression of LRP6 promoted EMT and antagonized the EMT inhibitory effect of CA on MCF-7 cells. Furthermore, CA directly interacted with Wnt/β-catenin signaling coreceptor LRP6 and reduced LRP6, p-LRP6, and β-catenin expression levels in MCF-7 cells. In vivo study revealed that CA notably reduced tumor volume and tumor weight. CA decreased the expression of LRP6, N-cadherin, ZEB1, vimentin, MMP2, MMP9, and increased the expression of E-cadherin and ZO-1. In conclusion, CA inhibited EMT and invasion of breast cancer by targeting LRP6. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: CA, the familiar polyphenol compound in traditional Chinese medicine, repressed EMT and weakened cellular mobility and invasion in MCF-7 cells. The mechanism studies demonstrated that CA could inhibit EMT and invasion of MCF-7 cells via targeting LRP6. Additionally, CA restrained tumor growth and xenograft tumor EMT in vivo. The EMT inhibitory property of CA warrants further studies of CA as a drug candidate for the therapy of metastatic breast carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xue
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation & College of Pharmacy (W.X., J.H., Q.Z., R.J., Z.L., Y.L., Q.L., H.G.), Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education & Center for Translational Medicine (W.X, J.H., Q.Z., X.Y., H.G.), and Laboratory Animal Center (Y.O.), Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China; Department of Pharmacy, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China (W.X.); and The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China (Q.Z.)
| | - Jie Hao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation & College of Pharmacy (W.X., J.H., Q.Z., R.J., Z.L., Y.L., Q.L., H.G.), Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education & Center for Translational Medicine (W.X, J.H., Q.Z., X.Y., H.G.), and Laboratory Animal Center (Y.O.), Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China; Department of Pharmacy, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China (W.X.); and The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China (Q.Z.)
| | - Qiuping Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation & College of Pharmacy (W.X., J.H., Q.Z., R.J., Z.L., Y.L., Q.L., H.G.), Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education & Center for Translational Medicine (W.X, J.H., Q.Z., X.Y., H.G.), and Laboratory Animal Center (Y.O.), Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China; Department of Pharmacy, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China (W.X.); and The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China (Q.Z.)
| | - Ronghua Jin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation & College of Pharmacy (W.X., J.H., Q.Z., R.J., Z.L., Y.L., Q.L., H.G.), Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education & Center for Translational Medicine (W.X, J.H., Q.Z., X.Y., H.G.), and Laboratory Animal Center (Y.O.), Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China; Department of Pharmacy, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China (W.X.); and The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China (Q.Z.)
| | - Zhuo Luo
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation & College of Pharmacy (W.X., J.H., Q.Z., R.J., Z.L., Y.L., Q.L., H.G.), Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education & Center for Translational Medicine (W.X, J.H., Q.Z., X.Y., H.G.), and Laboratory Animal Center (Y.O.), Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China; Department of Pharmacy, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China (W.X.); and The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China (Q.Z.)
| | - Xin Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation & College of Pharmacy (W.X., J.H., Q.Z., R.J., Z.L., Y.L., Q.L., H.G.), Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education & Center for Translational Medicine (W.X, J.H., Q.Z., X.Y., H.G.), and Laboratory Animal Center (Y.O.), Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China; Department of Pharmacy, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China (W.X.); and The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China (Q.Z.)
| | - Yanying Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation & College of Pharmacy (W.X., J.H., Q.Z., R.J., Z.L., Y.L., Q.L., H.G.), Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education & Center for Translational Medicine (W.X, J.H., Q.Z., X.Y., H.G.), and Laboratory Animal Center (Y.O.), Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China; Department of Pharmacy, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China (W.X.); and The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China (Q.Z.)
| | - Qinpei Lu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation & College of Pharmacy (W.X., J.H., Q.Z., R.J., Z.L., Y.L., Q.L., H.G.), Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education & Center for Translational Medicine (W.X, J.H., Q.Z., X.Y., H.G.), and Laboratory Animal Center (Y.O.), Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China; Department of Pharmacy, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China (W.X.); and The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China (Q.Z.)
| | - Yiqiang Ouyang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation & College of Pharmacy (W.X., J.H., Q.Z., R.J., Z.L., Y.L., Q.L., H.G.), Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education & Center for Translational Medicine (W.X, J.H., Q.Z., X.Y., H.G.), and Laboratory Animal Center (Y.O.), Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China; Department of Pharmacy, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China (W.X.); and The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China (Q.Z.)
| | - Hongwei Guo
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation & College of Pharmacy (W.X., J.H., Q.Z., R.J., Z.L., Y.L., Q.L., H.G.), Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education & Center for Translational Medicine (W.X, J.H., Q.Z., X.Y., H.G.), and Laboratory Animal Center (Y.O.), Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China; Department of Pharmacy, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China (W.X.); and The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China (Q.Z.)
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3
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Yang L, Zhang C, Su Z, Zhao L, Wu J, Sun X, Zhang X, Hu X. Inactivation of Salmonella typhimurium SL1344 by Chlorogenic Acid and the Impairment of Cellular Integrity. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:887950. [PMID: 35495681 PMCID: PMC9048040 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.887950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Chlorogenic acid (CGA) is an antibacterial agent that can be isolated from Eucommia ulmoides Oliver, a Chinese medicinal and edible plant food. The inhibitory effect of CGA on bacterial growth and stiffness of the outer membrane (OM) had been reported, while more evidence were required to elucidate its impairment of cell wall. In this study, the morphological and physiochemical changes of Salmonella cells under CGA treatment were investigated. Firstly, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of CGA against Salmonella was assayed. Later, the permeability of OM and activity of the proteins released were measured and observed to reveal the alteration of OM characteristic and cellular morphology. Finally, reactive oxygen species and cell membrane fluidity were analyzed, respectively, to elucidate how CGA damaged cell surface. The results showed that MIC of CGA against Salmonella was 6.25 mg/L. Under sub-lethal doses of CGA, the OM permeability and the release of soluble proteins were enhanced evidently, and Salmonella cells showed more deformed and shrunken, confirming the impairment of cellular integrity under CGA. Finally, the possible cause of cell surface damage was investigated. the fluidity of the membrane was increased upon CGA treatment, which may the possible cause of OM by CGA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Yang
- Department of Brewing Engineering, Moutai Institute, Renhuai, China.,School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Chunlin Zhang
- Department of Brewing Engineering, Moutai Institute, Renhuai, China
| | - Zijing Su
- Department of Brewing Engineering, Moutai Institute, Renhuai, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Department of Brewing Engineering, Moutai Institute, Renhuai, China
| | - Jiaxin Wu
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiaoying Sun
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiujuan Zhang
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiaoqing Hu
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Wuxi, China.,Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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Effects of Dietary Chlorogenic Acid Supplementation Derived from Lonicera macranthoides Hand-Mazz on Growth Performance, Free Amino Acid Profile, and Muscle Protein Synthesis in a Finishing Pig Model. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:6316611. [PMID: 35313639 PMCID: PMC8934221 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6316611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Chlorogenic acid (CGA), as one of the richest polyphenol compounds in nature, has broad applications in many fields due to its various biological properties. However, initial data on the effects of dietary CGA on protein synthesis and related basal metabolic activity has rarely been reported. The current study is aimed at (1) determining whether dietary CGA supplementation improves the growth performance and carcass traits, (2) assessing whether dietary CGA alters the free amino acid profile, and (3) verifying whether dietary CGA promotes muscle protein synthesis in finishing pigs. Thirty-two (Large × White × Landrace) finishing barrows with an average initial body weight of
kg were randomly allotted to 4 groups and fed diets supplemented with 0, 0.02%, 0.04%, and 0.08% CGA, respectively. The results indicated that, compared with the control group, dietary supplementation with 0.04% CGA slightly stimulated the growth performance of pigs, whereas no significant correlation was noted between the dietary CGA levels and animal growth (
). Furthermore, the carcass traits of pigs were improved by 0.04% dietary CGA (
). In addition, dietary CGA significantly improved the serum free amino acid profiles of pigs (
), while 0.04% dietary CGA promoted more amino acids to translocate to skeletal muscles (
). The relative mRNA expression levels of SNAT2 in both longissimus dorsi (LD) and biceps femoris (BF) muscles were augmented in the 0.02% and 0.04% groups (
), and the LAT1 mRNA expression in the BF muscle was elevated in the 0.02% group (
). We also found that dietary CGA supplementation at the levels of 0.04% or 0.08% promoted the expression of p-Akt and activated the mTOR-S6K1-4EBP1 axis in the LD muscle (
). Besides, the MAFbx mRNA abundance in the 0.02% and 0.04% groups was significantly lower (
). Our results revealed that dietary supplementation with CGA of 0.04% improved the free amino acid profile and enhanced muscle protein biosynthesis in the LD muscle in finishing pigs.
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Wang W, Wang R, Yao J, Luo S, Wang X, Zhang N, Wang L, Zhu X. Effect of ultrasonic power on the emulsion stability of rice bran protein-chlorogenic acid emulsion. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2022; 84:105959. [PMID: 35247681 PMCID: PMC8897710 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2022.105959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, rice bran protein-chlorogenic acid (RBP-CA) emulsion was subjected to an ultrasonic-assisted treatment technique. The encapsulation efficiency and loading capacity of chlorogenic acid (CA), and the morphology, particle size, zeta (ζ)-potential, atomic force microscopy image, viscosity, turbidity, and interfacial protein content of the emulsion under different ultrasonic power were investigated. The results revealed that the emulsion exhibited an encapsulation efficiency and loading capacity of 86.26 ± 0.11% and 17.25 ± 0.06 g/100 g, respectively, at an ultrasonic power of 400 W. In addition, the size of the emulsion droplets decreased and became more evenly distributed. Furthermore, the viscosity of the emulsion decreased significantly, and it exhibited a turbidity and interfacial protein content of 24,758 and9.34 mg/m2, respectively. Next, the storage, oxidation, thermal, and salt ion stabilities of the emulsion were evaluated. The results revealed that the ultrasonic-assisted treatment considerably improved the stability of the emulsion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weining Wang
- College of Food Engineering, Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering of Heilongjiang Ordinary Higher Colleges/Key Laboratory of Grain Food and Comprehensive Processing of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150028, China
| | - Ruiying Wang
- School of Computer and Information Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150028, China
| | - Jing Yao
- School of Computer and Information Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150028, China
| | - Shunian Luo
- College of Food Engineering, Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering of Heilongjiang Ordinary Higher Colleges/Key Laboratory of Grain Food and Comprehensive Processing of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150028, China
| | - Xue Wang
- College of Food Engineering, Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering of Heilongjiang Ordinary Higher Colleges/Key Laboratory of Grain Food and Comprehensive Processing of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150028, China
| | - Na Zhang
- College of Food Engineering, Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering of Heilongjiang Ordinary Higher Colleges/Key Laboratory of Grain Food and Comprehensive Processing of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150028, China
| | - Liqi Wang
- College of Food Engineering, Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering of Heilongjiang Ordinary Higher Colleges/Key Laboratory of Grain Food and Comprehensive Processing of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150028, China
- School of Computer and Information Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150028, China
- Corresponding authors at: College of Food Engineering, Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering of Heilongjiang Ordinary Higher Colleges/Key Laboratory of Grain Food and Comprehensive Processing of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150028, China.
| | - Xiuqing Zhu
- College of Food Engineering, Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering of Heilongjiang Ordinary Higher Colleges/Key Laboratory of Grain Food and Comprehensive Processing of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150028, China
- Corresponding authors at: College of Food Engineering, Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering of Heilongjiang Ordinary Higher Colleges/Key Laboratory of Grain Food and Comprehensive Processing of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150028, China.
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Zamani E, Johnson TJ, Chatterjee S, Immethun C, Sarella A, Saha R, Dishari SK. Cationic π-Conjugated Polyelectrolyte Shows Antimicrobial Activity by Causing Lipid Loss and Lowering Elastic Modulus of Bacteria. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:49346-49361. [PMID: 33089982 PMCID: PMC8926324 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c12038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Cationic, π-conjugated oligo-/polyelectrolytes (CCOEs/CCPEs) have shown great potential as antimicrobial materials to fight against antibiotic resistance. In this work, we treated wild-type and ampicillin-resistant (amp-resistant) Escherichia coli (E. coli) with a promising cationic, π-conjugated polyelectrolyte (P1) with a phenylene-based backbone and investigated the resulting morphological, mechanical, and compositional changes of the outer membrane of bacteria in great detail. The cationic quaternary amine groups of P1 led to electrostatic interactions with negatively charged moieties within the outer membrane of bacteria. Using atomic force microscopy (AFM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM), we showed that due to this treatment, the bacterial outer membrane became rougher, decreased in stiffness/elastic modulus (AFM nanoindentation), formed blebs, and released vesicles near the cells. These evidences, in addition to increased staining of the P1-treated cell membrane by lipophilic dye Nile Red (confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM)), suggested loosening/disruption of packing of the outer cell envelope and release and exposure of lipid-based components. Lipidomics and fatty acid analysis confirmed a significant loss of phosphate-based outer membrane lipids and fatty acids, some of which are critically needed to maintain cell wall integrity and mechanical strength. Lipidomics and UV-vis analysis also confirmed that the extracellular vesicles released upon treatment (AFM) are composed of lipids and cationic P1. Such surface alterations (vesicle/bleb formation) and release of lipids/fatty acids upon treatment were effective enough to inhibit further growth of E. coli cells without completely disintegrating the cells and have been known as a defense mechanism of the cells against cationic antimicrobial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Zamani
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Tyler J. Johnson
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Shyambo Chatterjee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Cheryl Immethun
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Anandakumar Sarella
- Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, Voelte-Keegan Nanoscience Research Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0298, United States
| | - Rajib Saha
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Shudipto Konika Dishari
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
- Corresponding author’s ; Phone: 402-472-7537
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The Effect of Chlorogenic Acid on Bacillus subtilis Based on Metabolomics. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25184038. [PMID: 32899667 PMCID: PMC7571229 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25184038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Chlorogenic acid (CGA), a natural phenolic compound, is an important bioactive compound, and its antibacterial activity has been widely concerned, but its antibacterial mechanism remains largely unknown. Protein leakage and the solution exosmosis conductivity of Bacillus subtilis 24434 (B. subtilis) reportedly display no noticeable differences before and after CGA treatment. The bacterial cells treated with CGA displayed a consistently smooth surface under the electron microscope, indicating that CGA cannot directly disrupt bacterial membranes. However, CGA induced a significant decrease in the intracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) concentration, possibly by affecting the material and energy metabolism or cell-signaling transduction. Furthermore, metabolomic results indicated that CGA stress had a bacteriostatic effect by inducing the intracellular metabolic imbalance of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and glycolysis, leading to metabolic disorder and death of B. subtilis. These findings improve the understanding of the complex action mechanisms of CGA antimicrobial activity and provide theoretical support for the application of CGA as a natural antibacterial agent.
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Chen Y, Yao F, Ming K, Shi J, Zeng L, Wang D, Wu Y, Hu Y, Liu J. Assessment of the Effect of Baicalin on Duck Virus Hepatitis. Curr Mol Med 2020; 19:376-386. [PMID: 30950349 DOI: 10.2174/1566524019666190405095301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Duck virus hepatitis (DVH) caused by duck hepatitis A virus type 1 (DHAV-1) is a malignant disease in ducklings, causing economic losses in the duck industry. However, there is still no antiviral drug against DHAV-1 in the clinic. OBJECTIVE Our aim is to investigate the anti-DHAV-1 effect of baicalin, which is a flavonoid derived from the Chinese medicinal herb huangqin (Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi). METHODS Here, we first detected its anti-DHAV-1 ability in vitro and in vivo. At the same time, the inhibition of baicalin on DHAV-1 reproduction was determined. Finally, we tested and verified the anti-oxidative and immuno-enhancing roles of baicalin on its curative effect on DVH. RESULTS Baicalin possessed anti-DHAV-1 effect. It improved the cytoactive of DEH which was infected by DHAV-1 as well as reduced the DHAV-1 reproduction in DEH. Under baicalin treatment, mortality of ducklings infected by DHAV-1 decreased, additionally the DHAV-1 level and liver injury in such ducklings were significantly reduced or alleviated. The in vitro mechanism study indicated baicalin inhibited DHAV-1 reproduction via interfering the viral replication and release. Furthermore, the in vivo mechanism study manifested both the anti-oxidative and immuno-enhancing abilities of baicalin, which played crucial roles in its curative effect on DVH. CONCLUSION This study may provide a scientific basis for developing baicalin as one or a part of the anti-DHAV-1 drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Chen
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine and MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Hainan Key Lab of Tropical Animal Reproduction & Breeding and Epidemic Disease Research, Animal Genetic Engineering Key Lab of Haikou, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Fangke Yao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine and MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ke Ming
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine and MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jintong Shi
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine and MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ling Zeng
- Animal husbandry and Veterinary Bureau of Yuhang District of Hangzhou, Hangzhou 311100, China
| | - Deyun Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine and MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yi Wu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine and MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yuanliang Hu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine and MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jiaguo Liu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine and MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Ding H, Cao A, Li H, Zhao Y, Feng J. Effects of Eucommia ulmoides leaf extracts on growth performance, antioxidant capacity and intestinal function in weaned piglets. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2020; 104:1169-1177. [PMID: 32153077 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Eucommia ulmoides is traditional Chinese medicine, and it possesses several potential bioactivities, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and immune regulatory activities. This study was conducted to determine the effects of dietary Eucommia ulmoides leaf extracts (ELE) on growth performance, antioxidant capacity and intestinal function of weaned piglets. Two hundred crossbred (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire) piglets with an average initial weight of 12.96 ± 0.28 kg were randomly allotted to five treatments: C0 (basal diet), C1 (basal diet + antibiotics) and basal diet supplemented with increasing levels of ELE (0.2, 0.3 or 0.4 g/kg of feed). The results showed that ELE or antibiotics supplementation remarkably decreased diarrhoea rate and 0.3 g/kg ELE increased average daily gain compared with C0 (p < .05). 0.3 g/kg ELE increased alkaline phosphatase (AKP) levels and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in serum and liver, as well as increased the content of serum albumin and total protein (TP) compared with the C0 (p < .05). The lipase activity of duodenum content and trypsin activity of jejunum content were improved fed diets containing 0.3 g/kg ELE compared with C0 (p < .05). The 0.3 g/kg ELE treatments have a higher villus height of the duodenum and jejunum compared with the C0 (p < .05). These results suggested that ELE supplementation had beneficial effects on antioxidant and intestinal function in weaned piglets, which also could increase growth performance and decreased diarrhoea rate. Accordingly, ELE is a potential alternative to antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoxuan Ding
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Aizhi Cao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haiyun Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jie Feng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
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Miao M, Xiang L. Pharmacological action and potential targets of chlorogenic acid. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2020; 87:71-88. [PMID: 32089239 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2019.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Chlorogenic acid is a widely distributed natural compound with many important pharmacological effects, which are found in a variety of plants. It is also an important secondary metabolite in plants. As a natural plant extract from a wide range of sources, in vitro and in vivo studies have found that the main pharmacological effects of chlorogenic acid are antioxidant, antiinflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, hypoglycemic, lipid lowering, anticardiovascular, antimutagenic, anticancer, immunomodulatory, etc. Therefore it may play an important role in promoting human health. For example, it can provide new ideas and new ways for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, and other chronic diseases, but the specific mechanism of action is unclear. Due to the difficulty of extraction and purification, poor stability, poor solubility, low absolute bioavailability of oral administration, the possibility of allergies caused by injection, and so on, there are difficulties in its medicinal research and development. The further study of chlorogenic acid will provide an important theoretical basis for its rational use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingsan Miao
- Department of Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Liling Xiang
- Department of Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
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11
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Yu P, Xia CJ, Li DD, Wang Z, Xiao W, Zhao LG. Structural Optimization of Caffeoyl Salicylate Scaffold as NO Production Inhibitors. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2019; 67:1006-1014. [PMID: 31474723 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c19-00366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Chlorogenic acid (CGA) has been considered as one of important active components in a number of medicinal herbs. Recently our group demonstrated that caffeoyl salicylate scaffold derived from CGA can be employed for the development of novel anti-inflammatory agents. The most active compound D104 can be a very promising starting point for the further structural optimization. A series of novel caffeoyl salicylate analogs were designed, synthesized, and evaluated by preliminary biological evaluation. The obtained results showed that the two compounds B12 and B13 can not only inhibit production of nitric oxide (NO) in RAW264.7 cells induced by lipopolysaccharides (LPS) effectively, but also have high safety in in vitro cytotoxic test, which could be comparable with D104. Molecular docking study on the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) protein revealed that compounds B12 and B13 can follow the same binding mode with D104, and the carboxyl group of caffeoyl salicylate scaffold might play a key role in the interaction with protein target, which implied the carboxyl group should be retained in the further optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Yu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University.,College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University
| | - Chao-Jie Xia
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University.,College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University
| | - Dong-Dong Li
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University.,College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University
| | | | - Wei Xiao
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd
| | - Lin-Guo Zhao
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University.,College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University
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12
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Xu Z, Li K, Pan T, Liu J, Li B, Li C, Wang S, Diao Y, Liu X. Lonicerin, an anti-algE flavonoid against Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence screened from Shuanghuanglian formula by molecule docking based strategy. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 239:111909. [PMID: 31026553 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.111909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The Shuanghuanglian formula (SF) is a famous antimicrobial and antiviral traditional Chinese medicine that is made of Lonicera japonica Thunb., Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, and Forsythia suspensa (Thunb.) Vahl. According to the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, the SF is commonly administered in the forms of oral liquid, tablets, and injection. It has long been used to treat acute respiratory tract infections, especially lung infection. AIM OF THE STUDY In the light of the increasing incidence of multidrug resistance to conventional antibiotics, the aim of this study was to screen potential anti-virulence agents against Pseudomonas aeruginosa from the extract of the SF. MATERIALS AND METHODS The SF was used for effective compounds screening via the combination of the molecule docking approach and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/time of flight mass spectrometry. Fifty-one anti-virulence-related proteins were docked, 26 identified compounds were from SF. Subsequently, the top-scoring screened compound was assessed via bioactive-related assays, including the quantification of alginate biosynthesis, anti-biofilm assays, and the A549 human lung cells infection. RESULT A flavonoid Lonicerin was found to be bonded with the active site of the alginate secretion protein (AlgE) with the highest score in molecule docking. Furthermore, we validated that Lonicerin could significantly reduce alginate secretion (25 μg/mL) and biofilm formation (12.5 μg/mL) at a sub-MIC concentration without inhibiting the proliferation of P. aeruginosa or influencing the expression of AlgE, which suggested that Lonicerin may directly inhibit AlgE. In addition, Lonicerin was proven to inhibit the infection of P. aeruginosa in the A549 cells. CONCLUSION This work reported on the first potential AlgE antagonist that was derived from herbal resources. Lonicerin was proven to be an effective inhibitor in-vitro of P. aeruginosa infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongren Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, PR China
| | - Kun Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, PR China
| | - Taowen Pan
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, PR China
| | - Jing Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, PR China
| | - Bin Li
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, PR China
| | - Chuanxun Li
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, PR China
| | - Shouyu Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, PR China
| | - Yunpeng Diao
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, PR China.
| | - Xinguang Liu
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, PR China.
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Zorila FL, Ionescu C, Craciun LS, Zorila B. Atomic force microscopy study of morphological modifications induced by different decontamination treatments on Escherichia coli. Ultramicroscopy 2017; 182:226-232. [PMID: 28728044 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2017.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Revised: 04/30/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
In this paper we used atomic force microscopy (AFM) to investigate the surface morphology of Escherichia coli, after being subjected to decontamination treatments, at sub-MICs levels (minimal inhibitory concentrations), with different disinfectants used in hospitals, pharmaceutical, food industry and even in our home, as an essential means to prevent the spreading of microorganisms. This article focuses on different morphological modifications adopted by E. coli cells as responses to the different modes of action of these substances. For high-resolution AFM images bacterial cells were immobilized on mica (Muscovite) disks. Each kind of treatment induces its distinct morphological changes, due to different mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florina Lucica Zorila
- "Horia Hulubei" National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, 30 Reactorului St., POB MG-6, 077125 Bucharest, Magurele, Romania; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Cristina Ionescu
- "Horia Hulubei" National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, 30 Reactorului St., POB MG-6, 077125 Bucharest, Magurele, Romania
| | - Liviu Stefan Craciun
- "Horia Hulubei" National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, 30 Reactorului St., POB MG-6, 077125 Bucharest, Magurele, Romania
| | - Bogdan Zorila
- "Horia Hulubei" National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, 30 Reactorului St., POB MG-6, 077125 Bucharest, Magurele, Romania; Department of Electricity, Solid Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Physics, University of Bucharest, Magurele, Romania
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Sun Y, Sun F, Feng W, Qiu X, Liu Y, Yang B, Chen Y, Xia P. Hyperoside inhibits biofilm formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:1647-1652. [PMID: 28810631 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is a common pathogen in hospital-acquired infection and is readily able to form biofilms. Due to its high antibiotic resistance, traditional antibacterial treatments exert a limited effect on P. aeruginosa biofilm infections. It has been indicated that hyperoside inhibits P. aeruginosa PAO1 (PAO1) biofilm formation without affecting growth. Therefore, the current study examined the biofilm formation and quorum sensing (QS) system of PAO1 in the presence of hyperoside. Confocal laser scanning microscopy analysis demonstrated that hyperoside significantly inhibited biofilm formation. It was also observed that hyperoside inhibited twitching motility in addition to adhesion. Data from reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction indicated that hyperoside inhibited the expression of lasR, lasI, rhlR and rhlI genes. These results suggest that the QS-inhibiting effect of hyperoside may lead to a reduction in biofilm formation. However, the precise mechanism of hyperoside on P. aeruginosa pathogenicity remains unclear and requires elucidation in additional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China
| | - Fengjun Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China
| | - Wei Feng
- Department of Pharmacy, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China
| | - Xuewen Qiu
- Department of Pharmacy, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China
| | - Yao Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China
| | - Yongchuan Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China
| | - Peiyuan Xia
- Department of Pharmacy, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China
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Liu CC, Zhang Y, Dai BL, Ma YJ, Zhang Q, Wang Y, Yang H. Chlorogenic acid prevents inflammatory responses in IL‑1β‑stimulated human SW‑1353 chondrocytes, a model for osteoarthritis. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:1369-1375. [PMID: 28586061 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Chlorogenic acid (CGA), which is a natural compound found in various plants, has been reported to exert notable anti‑inflammatory activities. The present study investigated the effects and underlying mechanism of CGA on interleukin (IL)‑1β‑induced osteoarthritis (OA) chondrocytes. An in vitro OA‑like chondrocyte model was established using IL‑1β‑stimulated human SW‑1353 chondrocytes. Cell viability was assessed using an MTT assay. Nitric oxide (NO) and IL‑6 production were evaluated by Griess reaction and ELISA, respectively. The expression levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX‑2), collagen II, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‑13, p65 nuclear factor (NF)‑κB and inhibitor‑κBα were detected by western blot analysis. The results indicated that CGA reversed IL‑1β‑induced increases in iNOS/NO, IL‑6, MMP‑13 and COX‑2/PGE2 production, and reversed the IL‑1β‑mediated downregulation of collagen II. In addition, the data suggested that CGA was capable of inhibiting the IL‑1β‑induced inflammatory response, at least partially via the NF‑κB signaling pathway. In conclusion, CGA may be considered a suitable candidate agent in the treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui-Cui Liu
- Translational Medicine Center, Hong‑Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, P.R. China
| | - Yanmin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, P.R. China
| | - Bing-Ling Dai
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Jiao Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, P.R. China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Translational Medicine Center, Hong‑Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, P.R. China
| | - Yi Wang
- Translational Medicine Center, Hong‑Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, P.R. China
| | - Hao Yang
- Translational Medicine Center, Hong‑Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, P.R. China
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Antibacterial and anticancer PDMS surface for mammalian cell growth using the Chinese herb extract paeonol(4-methoxy-2-hydroxyacetophenone). Sci Rep 2016; 6:38973. [PMID: 27941867 PMCID: PMC5150582 DOI: 10.1038/srep38973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is widely used as a cell culture platform to produce micro- and nano-technology based microdevices. However, the native PDMS surface is not suitable for cell adhesion and is always subject to bacterial pollution and cancer cell invasion. Coating the PDMS surface with antibacterial or anticancer materials often causes considerable harm to the non-cancer mammalian cells on it. We have developed a method to fabricate a biocompatible PDMS surface which not only promotes non-cancer mammalian cell growth but also has antibacterial and anticancer activities, by coating the PDMS surface with a Chinese herb extract, paeonol. Coating changes the wettability and the elemental composition of the PDMS surface. Molecular dynamic simulation indicates that the absorption of paeonol onto the PDMS surface is an energy favourable process. The paeonol-coated PDMS surface exhibits good antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Moreover considerable antibacterial activity is maintained after the coated surface is rinsed or incubated in water. The coated PDMS surface inhibits bacterial growth on the contact surface and promotes non-cancer mammalian cell growth with low cell toxicity; meanwhile the growth of cancer cells is significantly inhibited. Our study will potentially guide PDMS surface modification approaches to produce biomedical devices.
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