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Sugimoto YA, McKeon PO, Rhea CK, Schmitz RJ, Henson R, Mattacola CG, Ross SE. Sensory Reweighting System Differences on Vestibular Feedback With Increased Task Constraints in Individuals With and Without Chronic Ankle Instability. J Athl Train 2024; 59:713-723. [PMID: 37459393 PMCID: PMC11277278 DOI: 10.4085/1062-6050-0246.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/26/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT Chronic ankle instability (CAI) is associated with a less flexible and adaptable sensorimotor system. Thus, individuals with CAI may present an inadequate sensory reweighting system, inhibiting their ability to place more emphasis (upweight) on reliable sensory feedback to control posture. However, how individuals with CAI reweight sensory feedback to maintain postural control in bilateral and unilateral stances has not been established. OBJECTIVES To examine (1) group differences in how the sensory reweighting system changes to control posture in a simple double-limb stance and a more complex single-limb stance (uninjured limb and injured limb) under increased environmental constraints manipulating somatosensory and visual information for individuals with and without CAI and (2) the effect of environmental and task constraints on postural control. DESIGN Case-control study. SETTING Laboratory. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS A total of 21 individuals with CAI (age = 26.4 ± 5.7 years, height = 171.2 ± 9.8 cm, mass = 76.6 ± 15.17 kg) and 21 individuals without CAI (control group; age = 25.8 ± 5.7 years, height = 169.5 ± 9.5 cm, mass = 72.4 ± 15.0 kg) participated. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) We examined the equilibrium scores based on the first 10 seconds of trials in which participants completed 6 environmental conditions of the Sensory Organization Test during 3 tasks (double-limb and single-limb [uninjured and injured] stances). Sensory reweighting ratios for sensory systems (somatosensory, vision, and vestibular) were computed from paired equilibrium scores based on the first 10 seconds of the trials. RESULTS We observed 3-factor interactions between groups, sensory systems, and tasks (F4,160 = 3.754, P = .006) and for group, task, and environment (F10,400 = 2.455, P = .007). The CAI group did not downweight vestibular feedback compared with the control group while maintaining posture on the injured limb (P = .03). The CAI group demonstrated better postural stability than the control group while standing with absent vision (ie, eyes closed), fixed surroundings, and a moving platform on the injured limb (P = .03). CONCLUSIONS The CAI group relied on vestibular feedback while maintaining better postural stability than the control group in injured-limb stance. Group differences in postural control depended on both environmental (absent vision and moving platform) and task (injured limb) constraints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki A. Sugimoto
- Department of Kinesiology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro
- Department of Physical Therapy and Human Movement Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Patrick O. McKeon
- Department of Exercise Science and Athletic Training, Ithaca College, NY
| | | | - Randy J. Schmitz
- Department of Kinesiology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro
| | - Robert Henson
- Department of Kinesiology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro
| | - Carl G. Mattacola
- Department of Kinesiology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro
| | - Scott E. Ross
- Department of Kinesiology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro
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Morales-Gregorio A, Kurth AC, Ito J, Kleinjohann A, Barthélemy FV, Brochier T, Grün S, van Albada SJ. Neural manifolds in V1 change with top-down signals from V4 targeting the foveal region. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114371. [PMID: 38923458 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
High-dimensional brain activity is often organized into lower-dimensional neural manifolds. However, the neural manifolds of the visual cortex remain understudied. Here, we study large-scale multi-electrode electrophysiological recordings of macaque (Macaca mulatta) areas V1, V4, and DP with a high spatiotemporal resolution. We find that the population activity of V1 contains two separate neural manifolds, which correlate strongly with eye closure (eyes open/closed) and have distinct dimensionalities. Moreover, we find strong top-down signals from V4 to V1, particularly to the foveal region of V1, which are significantly stronger during the eyes-open periods. Finally, in silico simulations of a balanced spiking neuron network qualitatively reproduce the experimental findings. Taken together, our analyses and simulations suggest that top-down signals modulate the population activity of V1. We postulate that the top-down modulation during the eyes-open periods prepares V1 for fast and efficient visual responses, resulting in a type of visual stand-by state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aitor Morales-Gregorio
- Institute for Advanced Simulation (IAS-6), Jülich Research Centre, Jülich, Germany; Institute of Zoology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Anno C Kurth
- Institute for Advanced Simulation (IAS-6), Jülich Research Centre, Jülich, Germany; RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Junji Ito
- Institute for Advanced Simulation (IAS-6), Jülich Research Centre, Jülich, Germany
| | - Alexander Kleinjohann
- Institute for Advanced Simulation (IAS-6), Jülich Research Centre, Jülich, Germany; Theoretical Systems Neurobiology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Frédéric V Barthélemy
- Institute for Advanced Simulation (IAS-6), Jülich Research Centre, Jülich, Germany; Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone (INT), CNRS and Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Thomas Brochier
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone (INT), CNRS and Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Sonja Grün
- Institute for Advanced Simulation (IAS-6), Jülich Research Centre, Jülich, Germany; Theoretical Systems Neurobiology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; JARA-Institut Brain Structure-Function Relationships (INM-10), Jülich Research Centre, Jülich, Germany
| | - Sacha J van Albada
- Institute for Advanced Simulation (IAS-6), Jülich Research Centre, Jülich, Germany; Institute of Zoology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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Rubega M, Passarotto E, Paramento M, Formaggio E, Masiero S. EEG Microstate as a Marker of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis. IEEE OPEN JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 5:339-344. [PMID: 38899012 PMCID: PMC11186641 DOI: 10.1109/ojemb.2024.3399469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The pathophysiology of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) is not yet fully understood, but multifactorial hypotheses have been proposed that include defective central nervous system (CNS) control of posture, biomechanics, and body schema alterations. To deepen CNS control of posture in AIS, electroencephalographic (EEG) activity during a simple balance task in adolescents with and without AIS was parsed into EEG microstates. Microstates are quasi-stable spatial distributions of the electric potential of the brain that last tens of milliseconds. The spatial distribution of the EEG characterised by the orientation from left-frontal to right-posterior remains stable for a greater amount of time in AIS compared to controls. This spatial distribution of EEG, commonly named in the literature as class B, has been found to be correlated with the visual resting state network. Both vision and proprioception networks provide critical information in mapping the extrapersonal environment. This neurophysiological marker probably unveils an alteration in the postural control mechanism in AIS, suggesting a higher information processing load due to the increased postural demands caused by scoliosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Rubega
- Department of NeuroscienceUniversity of Padova, Section of Rehabilitation35128PadovaItaly
| | - E. Passarotto
- Department of NeuroscienceUniversity of Padova, Section of Rehabilitation35128PadovaItaly
| | - M. Paramento
- Department of NeuroscienceUniversity of Padova, Section of Rehabilitation35128PadovaItaly
- Department of Information EngineeringUniversity of Padova35131PadovaItaly
| | - E. Formaggio
- Department of NeuroscienceUniversity of Padova, Section of Rehabilitation35128PadovaItaly
| | - S. Masiero
- Department of NeuroscienceUniversity of Padova, Section of Rehabilitation35128PadovaItaly
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Zeng Z, Xue A, Wang H, Zha X, Ji Z. Effects of various hyperopia intervention levels on male college students' gait kinematics. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1161711. [PMID: 37346490 PMCID: PMC10281504 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1161711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Hyperopia is a common blurred vision phenomenon that affects postural control in gait; however, current research has focused on the alteration and correction of hyperopia's physiological characteristics, ignoring the effect of hyperopia on gait kinematic characteristics. The effect of hyperopia on the basic form of movement walking is a worthy concern. Objective: To investigate the gait kinematic characteristics of male college students with varying degrees of visual acuity (normal vision, hyperopia 150°, and hyperopia 450°), as well as to provide a theoretical foundation for the effect of visual acuity on gait and fall risk reduction. Methods: Twenty-two male college students with normal visual acuity were chosen. Their vision was tested using a standard visual acuity logarithm table at normal and with 150° and 450° concave lenses. Gait kinematic data were collected under normal vision and hyperopic conditions using the PN3 Pro advanced inertial motion capture system and Axis Studio application program. Results and conclusion: 1. The change of center of gravity in Pre-double support was smaller than normal vision; Late-single support and Late-swing was larger than normal vision; 2. The percentage of the double-leg support decreased; the percentage of the single-leg support and the Late-swing increased; 3. For the joints' range of motion, Trunk flexion and extension range of motion in Pre-single support, Late-double support and Pre-swing smaller than normal visual acuity, and Late-swing larger than normal; hip internal abduction and adduction and internal and external rotation are larger than normal vision in Late-single support; knee and ankle in abduction and adduction direction are larger than normal vision in the swing stage; hip flexion and extension, internal external rotation are larger than normal vision in the swing stage. Hyperopic interventions have an impact on the kinematic characteristics of gait in male college students, mainly in terms of altered balance, increased instability, increased difficulty in maintaining trunk stability, and increased risk of injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohong Zeng
- School of Physical Education and Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Aochuan Xue
- School of Physical Education and Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
- College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huihui Wang
- School of Physical Education and Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Xianjun Zha
- School of Physical Education and Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Zhongqiu Ji
- School of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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5
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Chen Y, Gao Y, He Z, Sun Z, Mao Y, Hess RF, Zhang P, Zhou J. Internal neural states influence the short-term effect of monocular deprivation in human adults. eLife 2023; 12:83815. [PMID: 36705563 PMCID: PMC9910827 DOI: 10.7554/elife.83815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The adult human visual system maintains the ability to be altered by sensory deprivation. What has not been considered is whether the internal neural states modulate visual sensitivity to short-term monocular deprivation. In this study we manipulated the internal neural state and reported changes in intrinsic neural oscillations with a patched eye open or closed. We investigated the influence of eye open/eye closure on the unpatched eye's contrast sensitivity and ocular dominance (OD) shifts induced by short-term monocular deprivation. The results demonstrate that internal neural states influence not only baseline contrast sensitivity but also the extent to which the adult visual system can undergo changes in ocular dominance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiya Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Yige Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Zhifen He
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Zhouyuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yu Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Robert F Hess
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, McGill UniversityMontrealCanada
| | - Peng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Hefei Comprehensive National Science CenterHefeiChina
| | - Jiawei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
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Nuernberger M, Schaller D, Klingner C, Witte O, Brodoehl S. Acoustic Stimuli Can Improve and Impair Somatosensory Perception. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:930932. [PMID: 35812213 PMCID: PMC9259856 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.930932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The integration of stimuli from different sensory modalities forms the basis for human perception. While the relevant impact of visual stimuli on the perception of other sensory modalities is recognized, much less is known about the impact of auditory stimuli on general sensory processing. This study aims to investigate the effect of acoustic stimuli on the processing of somatosensory stimuli using real noise (i.e., unpleasant everyday noise, RN) and neutral white noise (WN). To this purpose, we studied 20 healthy human subjects between 20 and 29 years of age (mean: 24, SD: ±1.9 years sex ratio 1:1). Somatosensory perception was evaluated using mechanical detection threshold (MDT) of the skin on the back of the dominant hand. To investigate the underlying mechanisms in the brain, fMRI was performed while applying acoustic stimulation (RN and WN) and tactile stimulation of the dominant hand. Here we show that acoustic stimulation with noise alters the perception of touch on the skin. We found that the effect of RN and WN differed. RN leads to an improved tactile perception, whereas WN impaired tactile perception. These changes go along with significant differences in brain activity and connectivity. WN is associated with a significant increase in brain activity in multiple brain areas such as the auditory and somatosensory cortex, parietal association cortex, and the thalamus compared to RN. With tactile stimulation of the skin, the flow of information in these brain areas is altered. While with RN the information flow from the thalamus to the somatosensory cortex is prominent, the network activity pattern changes under WN revealing an increase in interaction between multiple networks. Unpleasant noise inhibits the multisensory integration and enables a more efficient unimodal perception in the somatosensory system, improving perception. Whether this is to be interpreted as a temporary increase in phasic alertness or by a stronger filter function of the thalamus with a preference for unimodal stimuli is still open for debate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Nuernberger
- Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- Biomagnetic Center, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- *Correspondence: Matthias Nuernberger,
| | - Denise Schaller
- Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Carsten Klingner
- Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- Biomagnetic Center, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Otto Witte
- Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Stefan Brodoehl
- Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- Biomagnetic Center, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
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7
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Harrison SJ, Reynolds N, Bishoff B, Stergiou N, White E. Homing tasks and distance matching tasks reveal different types of perceptual variables associated with perceiving self-motion during over-ground locomotion. Exp Brain Res 2022; 240:1257-1266. [PMID: 35199188 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-022-06337-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Self-motion perception refers to the ability to perceive how the body is moving through the environment. Perception of self-motion has been shown to depend upon the locomotor action patterns used to move the body through the environment. Two separate lines of enquiry have led to the establishment of two distinct theories regarding this effect. One theory has proposed that distances travelled during locomotion are perceived via higher order perceptual variables detected by the haptic perceptual system. This theory proposes that two higher order haptic perceptual variables exist, and that the implication of one of these variables depends upon the type of gait pattern that is used. A second theory proposes that self-motion is perceived via a higher order perceptual variable termed multimodally specified energy expenditure (MSEE). This theory proposes that the effect of locomotor actions patterns upon self-motion perception is related to changes in the metabolic cost of locomotion per unit of perceptually specified traversed distance. Here, we test the hypothesis that the development of these distinct theories is the result of different choices in methodology. The theory of gait type has been developed based largely on the results of homing tasks, whereas the effect of MSEE has been developed based on the results of distance matching tasks. Here we test the hypothesis that the seemly innocuous change in experimental design from using a homing task to using a distance matching task changes the type of perceptual variables implicated in self-motion perception. To test this hypothesis, we closely replicated a recent study of the effect of gait type in all details bar one-we investigated a distance matching task rather than a homing task. As hypothesized, this change yielded results consistent with the predictions of MSEE, and distinct from gait type. We further show that, unlike the effect of gait type, the effect of MSEE is unaffected by the availability of vision. In sum, our findings support the existence of two distinct types of higher order perceptual variables in self-motion perception. We discuss the roles of these two types of perceptual variables in supporting effective human wayfinding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven J Harrison
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA. .,Center for Ecological Study of Perception and Action, University of Connecticut, Storrs, USA. .,Department of Biomechanics, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, USA.
| | - Nicholas Reynolds
- Department of Biomechanics, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, USA
| | - Brandon Bishoff
- Department of Biomechanics, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, USA
| | - Nicholas Stergiou
- Department of Biomechanics, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, USA
| | - Eliah White
- Department of Psychological Science, Northern Kentucky University, Highland Heights, USA
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Effects of auditory feedback on gait behavior, gaze patterns and outcome performance in long jumping. Hum Mov Sci 2021; 78:102827. [PMID: 34118597 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2021.102827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In the current study, we conducted two experiments to investigate the impact of concurrent, action-induced auditory feedback on gait patterns, gaze behavior and outcome performance in long jumping. In Experiment 1, we examined the effects of present vs. absent auditory feedback on gait, gaze and performance outcome measures. Results revealed a significant interaction effect between condition (present vs. absent auditory feedback) and phase (acceleration vs. zeroing-in phase) on participants' step lengths indicating that the absence (rather than the presence) of auditory feedback led to facilitatory effects in terms of a more prototypical gait pattern (i.e., shorter steps in the acceleration phase and longer steps in the zeroing-in phase). Similarly, the absent auditory feedback led to a higher gaze stability in terms of less switches between areas of interest (AOIs). However, there was no effect on jumped distance. In Experiment 2, we scrutinized the influence of concurrent vs. delayed auditory feedback on all three performance parameters. In contrast to concurrent feedback, delayed auditory feedback negatively affected all three measures: participants showed (i) dysfunctional deviations from their prototypical gait pattern (i.e., shorter steps across both phases of the run-up), (ii) less stable, maladaptive gaze patterns (i.e., more switches between AOIs) and (iii) poorer jumping performance (i.e., shorter jumped distances). Together, the two experiments provide clear evidence for the impact of concurrent, action-induced auditory feedback on the coordination of complex, rhythmical motor tasks such as the long jump.
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9
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The acts of opening and closing the eyes are of importance for congenital blindness: Evidence from resting-state fMRI. Neuroimage 2021; 233:117966. [PMID: 33744460 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.117966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Volitional eye closure is observed only in conscious and awake humans, and is rare in animals. It is believed that eye closure can focus one's attention inward and facilitate activities such as meditation and mental imagery. Congenital blind individuals are also required to close their eyes for these activities. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (RS-fMRI) studies have found robust differences between the eyes-closed (EC) and eyes-open (EO) conditions in some brain regions in the sighted. This study analyzed data from 21 congenital blind individuals and 21 sighted controls by using amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) of RS-fMRI. The blind group and the sighted group shared similar pattern of differences between the EC and EO condition: ALFF was higher in the EC condition than the EO condition in the bilateral primary sensorimotor cortex, bilateral supplementary motor area, and inferior occipital cortex, while ALFF was lower in the EC condition than the EO condition in the medial prefrontal cortex, highlighting the "nature" effect on the difference between the EC and EO conditions. The results of other matrices such as fractional ALFF (fALFF) and regional homogeneity (ReHo) showed similar patterns to that of ALFF. Moreover, no significant difference was observed between the EC-EO pattern of the two subgroups of congenital blind (i.e., with and without light perception), suggesting that the EC-EO difference is irrespective of residual light perception which reinforced the "nature" effect. We also found between-group differences, i.e., more probably "nurture effect", in the posterior insula and fusiform. Our results suggest that the acts of closing and opening the eyes are of importance for the congenital blind, and that these actions and their differences might be inherent in the nature of humans.
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10
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Assessing the relative contribution of vision to odometry via manipulations of gait in an over-ground homing task. Exp Brain Res 2021; 239:1305-1316. [PMID: 33630131 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-021-06066-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The visual, vestibular, and haptic perceptual systems are each able to detect self-motion. Such information can be integrated during locomotion to perceive traversed distances. The process of distance integration is referred to as odometry. Visual odometry relies on information in optic flow patterns. For haptic odometry, such information is associated with leg movement patterns. Recently, it has been shown that haptic odometry is differently calibrated for different types of gaits. Here, we use this fact to examine the relative contributions of the perceptual systems to odometry. We studied a simple homing task in which participants travelled set distances away from an initial starting location (outbound phase), before turning and attempting to walk back to that location (inbound phase). We manipulated whether outbound gait was a walk or a gallop-walk. We also manipulated the outbound availability of optic flow. Inbound reports were performed via walking with eyes closed. Consistent with previous studies of haptic odometry, inbound reports were shorter when the outbound gait was a gallop-walk. We showed that the availability of optic flow decreased this effect. In contrast, the availability of optic flow did not have an observable effect when the outbound gait was walking. We interpreted this to suggest that visual odometry and haptic odometry via walking are similarly calibrated. By measuring the decrease in shortening in the gallop-walk condition, and scaling it relative to the walk condition, we estimated a relative contribution of optic flow to odometry of 41%. Our results present a proof of concept for a new, potentially more generalizable, method for examining the contributions of different perceptual systems to odometry, and by extension, path integration. We discuss implications for understanding human wayfinding.
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Wang F, Zhang L, Yue L, Zeng Y, Zhao Q, Gong Q, Zhang J, Liu D, Luo X, Xia X, Wan L, Hu L. A novel method to simultaneously record spinal cord electrophysiology and electroencephalography signals. Neuroimage 2021; 232:117892. [PMID: 33617992 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.117892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The brain and the spinal cord together make up the central nervous system (CNS). The functions of the human brain have been the focus of neuroscience research for a long time. However, the spinal cord is largely ignored, and the functional interaction of these two parts of the CNS is only partly understood. This study developed a novel method to simultaneously record spinal cord electrophysiology (SCE) and electroencephalography (EEG) signals and validated its performance using a classical resting-state study design with two experimental conditions: eyes-closed (EC) and eyes-open (EO). We recruited nine postherpetic neuralgia patients implanted with a spinal cord stimulator, which was modified to record SCE signals simultaneously with EEG signals. For both EEG and SCE, similar differences were found in delta- and alpha-band oscillations between the EC and EO conditions, and the spectral power of these frequency bands was able to predict EC/EO behaviors. Moreover, causal connectivity analysis suggested a top-down regulation in delta-band oscillations from the brain to the spinal cord. Altogether, this study demonstrates the validity of simultaneous SCE-EEG recording and shows that the novel method is a valuable tool to investigate the brain-spinal interaction. With this method, we can better unite knowledge about the brain and the spinal cord for a deeper understanding of the functions of the whole CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feixue Wang
- Department of Pain Management, The State Key Clinical Specialty in Pain Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Research Center of Brain Cognitive Neuroscience, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
| | - Libo Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lupeng Yue
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxuan Zeng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Zhao
- Department of Pain Management, The State Key Clinical Specialty in Pain Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China
| | - Qingjuan Gong
- Department of Pain Management, The State Key Clinical Specialty in Pain Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianbo Zhang
- Department of Pain Management, The State Key Clinical Specialty in Pain Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongyang Liu
- Department of Pain Management, The State Key Clinical Specialty in Pain Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiuying Luo
- Department of Pain Management, The State Key Clinical Specialty in Pain Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaolei Xia
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li Wan
- Department of Pain Management, The State Key Clinical Specialty in Pain Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Li Hu
- Department of Pain Management, The State Key Clinical Specialty in Pain Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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12
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Ghaderi AH, Baltaretu BR, Andevari MN, Bharmauria V, Balci F. Synchrony and Complexity in State-Related EEG Networks: An Application of Spectral Graph Theory. Neural Comput 2020; 32:2422-2454. [DOI: 10.1162/neco_a_01327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The brain may be considered as a synchronized dynamic network with several coherent dynamical units. However, concerns remain whether synchronizability is a stable state in the brain networks. If so, which index can best reveal the synchronizability in brain networks? To answer these questions, we tested the application of the spectral graph theory and the Shannon entropy as alternative approaches in neuroimaging. We specifically tested the alpha rhythm in the resting-state eye closed (rsEC) and the resting-state eye open (rsEO) conditions, a well-studied classical example of synchrony in neuroimaging EEG. Since the synchronizability of alpha rhythm is more stable during the rsEC than the rsEO, we hypothesized that our suggested spectral graph theory indices (as reliable measures to interpret the synchronizability of brain signals) should exhibit higher values in the rsEC than the rsEO condition. We performed two separate analyses of two different datasets (as elementary and confirmatory studies). Based on the results of both studies and in agreement with our hypothesis, the spectral graph indices revealed higher stability of synchronizability in the rsEC condition. The k-mean analysis indicated that the spectral graph indices can distinguish the rsEC and rsEO conditions by considering the synchronizability of brain networks. We also computed correlations among the spectral indices, the Shannon entropy, and the topological indices of brain networks, as well as random networks. Correlation analysis indicated that although the spectral and the topological properties of random networks are completely independent, these features are significantly correlated with each other in brain networks. Furthermore, we found that complexity in the investigated brain networks is inversely related to the stability of synchronizability. In conclusion, we revealed that the spectral graph theory approach can be reliably applied to study the stability of synchronizability of state-related brain networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hossein Ghaderi
- Centre for Vision Research and Canada Vision: Science to Applications Program, York University, Toronto M3J 1P3, Canada, and Iranian Neuro-Wave Lab., No. 32, Vilashahr, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | | | - Vishal Bharmauria
- Centre for Vision Research, York University, Toronto M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Fuat Balci
- Department of Psychology and Research Center for Translational Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
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13
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Ertl M, Schulte M, Dieterich M. EEG microstate architecture does not change during passive whole-body accelerations. J Neurol 2020; 267:76-78. [PMID: 32468117 PMCID: PMC7718187 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-020-09794-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Ertl
- Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377, Munich, Germany. .,Department of Psychology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - M Schulte
- Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - M Dieterich
- Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders (DSGZ), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
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14
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Altered information flow and microstructure abnormalities of visual cortex in normal-tension glaucoma: Evidence from resting-state fMRI and DKI. Brain Res 2020; 1741:146874. [PMID: 32389589 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2020.146874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Normal tension glaucoma (NTG) is a neurodegenerative disease involves multiple brain areas, but the mechanism remains unclear. The aim of this study is to investigate the correlation between structural injury and functional reorganization in the brain of NTG, using resting-state functional MRI and diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) data acquired for 26 NTG patients and 24 control subjects. Granger causality analysis (GCA) was used to calculate the effective connectivity (EC) between visual cortices and the whole brain to reflect the information flow. The fractional anisotropy (FA), mean kurtosis (MK), axial kurtosis (AK), and radial kurtosis (RK) derived from DKI of visual cortices were extracted to evaluate structural injury. Microstructural abnormalities were detected in bilateral BA17, BA18, and BA19. NTG patients showed significantly decreased EC from BA17 to higher visual cortices and increase EC from higher visual cortices to BA17. The EC from BA17 to posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) and from PCC to BA17 both significantly increased, while the EC from right BA18 and BA19 to PCC significantly decreased. Decreased EC between somatosensory cortex and BA17, as well as the decreased ECs between supramarginal gyrus (SMA) and BA17/BA19 were detected. Several abnormal ECs were significantly correlated with microstructural injuries of BA17 and BA18. In conclusion, NTG causes reorganization of information flows among visual cortices and other brain areas, which is consistent with brain microstructural injury.
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15
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Wöstmann M, Schmitt LM, Obleser J. Does Closing the Eyes Enhance Auditory Attention? Eye Closure Increases Attentional Alpha-Power Modulation but Not Listening Performance. J Cogn Neurosci 2020; 32:212-225. [DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_01403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
In challenging listening conditions, closing the eyes is a strategy with intuitive appeal to improve auditory attention and perception. On the neural level, closing the eyes increases the power of alpha oscillations (∼10 Hz), which are a prime signature of auditory attention. Here, we test whether eye closure benefits neural and behavioral signatures of auditory attention and perception. Participants (n = 22) attended to one of two alternating streams of spoken numbers with open or closed eyes in a darkened chamber. After each trial, participants indicated whether probes had been among the to-be-attended or to-be-ignored numbers. In the EEG, states of relative high versus low alpha power accompanied the presentation of attended versus ignored numbers. Importantly, eye closure did not only increase the overall level of absolute alpha power but also the attentional modulation thereof. Behaviorally, however, neither perceptual sensitivity nor response criterion was affected by eye closure. To further examine whether this behavioral null result would conceptually replicate in a simple auditory detection task, a follow-up experiment was conducted that required participants (n = 19) to detect a near-threshold target tone in noise. As in the main experiment, our results provide evidence for the absence of any difference in perceptual sensitivity and criterion for open versus closed eyes. In summary, we demonstrate here that the modulation of the human alpha rhythm by auditory attention is increased when participants close their eyes. However, our results speak against the widely held belief that eye closure per se improves listening behavior.
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16
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Brodoehl S, Wagner F, Prell T, Klingner C, Witte OW, Günther A. Cause or effect: Altered brain and network activity in cervical dystonia is partially normalized by botulinum toxin treatment. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2019; 22:101792. [PMID: 30928809 PMCID: PMC6444302 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2019.101792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Background Idiopathic cervical dystonia (CD) is a chronic movement disorder characterized by impressive clinical symptoms and the lack of clear pathological findings in clinical diagnostics and imaging. At present, the injection of botulinum toxin (BNT) in dystonic muscles is an effective therapy to control motor symptoms and pain in CD. Objectives We hypothesized that, although it is locally injected to dystonic muscles, BNT application leads to changes in brain and network activity towards normal brain function. Methods Using 3 T functional MR imaging along with advanced analysis techniques (functional connectivity, Granger causality, and regional homogeneity), we aimed to characterize brain activity in CD (17 CD patients vs. 17 controls) and to uncover the effects of BNT treatment (at 6 months). Results In CD, we observed an increased information flow within the basal ganglia, the thalamus, and the sensorimotor cortex. In parallel, some of these structures became less responsive to regulating inputs. Furthermore, our results suggested an altered somatosensory integration. Following BNT administration, we noted a shift towards normal brain function in the CD patients, especially within the motor cortex, the somatosensory cortex, and the basal ganglia. Conclusion The changes in brain function and network activity in CD can be interpreted as related to the underlying cause, the effort to compensate or a mixture of both. Although BNT is applied in the last stage of the cortico-neuromuscular pathway, brain patterns are shifted towards those of healthy controls. we characterized brain activity in CD and the effects of BNT using 3T fMR imaging and network analysis techniques following treatment with botulinum toxin (BNT), abnormal brain activity patterns in primary dystonia are attenuated critical key regions for both the pathophysiology and BNT-induced improvement in cervical dystonia are the BG
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Brodoehl
- Hans Berger Department for Neurology, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Germany; Brain Imaging Center, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Germany.
| | - Franziska Wagner
- Hans Berger Department for Neurology, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Germany; Brain Imaging Center, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Germany
| | - Tino Prell
- Hans Berger Department for Neurology, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Germany; Center for Healthy Aging, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Carsten Klingner
- Hans Berger Department for Neurology, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Germany; Brain Imaging Center, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Germany
| | - O W Witte
- Hans Berger Department for Neurology, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Germany; Brain Imaging Center, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Germany; Center for Healthy Aging, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Albrecht Günther
- Hans Berger Department for Neurology, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Germany
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17
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Lamp G, Goodin P, Palmer S, Low E, Barutchu A, Carey LM. Activation of Bilateral Secondary Somatosensory Cortex With Right Hand Touch Stimulation: A Meta-Analysis of Functional Neuroimaging Studies. Front Neurol 2019; 9:1129. [PMID: 30687211 PMCID: PMC6335946 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.01129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Brain regions involved in processing somatosensory information have been well documented through lesion, post-mortem, animal, and more recently, structural and functional neuroimaging studies. Functional neuroimaging studies characterize brain activation related to somatosensory processing; yet a meta-analysis synthesis of these findings is currently lacking and in-depth knowledge of the regions involved in somatosensory-related tasks may also be confounded by motor influences. Objectives: Our Activation Likelihood Estimate (ALE) meta-analysis sought to quantify brain regions that are involved in the tactile processing of the right (RH) and left hands (LH) separately, with the exclusion of motor related activity. Methods: The majority of studies (n = 41) measured activation associated with RH tactile stimulation. RH activation studies were grouped into those which conducted whole-brain analyses (n = 29) and those which examined specific regions of interest (ROI; n = 12). Few studies examined LH activation, though all were whole-brain studies (N = 7). Results: Meta-analysis of brain activation associated with RH tactile stimulation (whole-brain studies) revealed large clusters of activation in the left primary somatosensory cortex (S1) and bilaterally in the secondary somatosensory cortex (S2; including parietal operculum) and supramarginal gyrus (SMG), as well as the left anterior cingulate. Comparison between findings from RH whole-brain and ROI studies revealed activation as expected, but restricted primarily to S1 and S2 regions. Further, preliminary analyses of LH stimulation studies only, revealed two small clusters within the right S1 and S2 regions, likely limited due to the small number of studies. Contrast analyses revealed the one area of overlap for RH and LH, was right secondary somatosensory region. Conclusions: Findings from the whole-brain meta-analysis of right hand tactile stimulation emphasize the importance of taking into consideration bilateral activation, particularly in secondary somatosensory cortex. Further, the right parietal operculum/S2 region was commonly activated for right and left hand tactile stimulation, suggesting a lateralized pattern of somatosensory activation in right secondary somatosensory region. Implications for further research and for possible differences in right and left hemispheric stroke lesions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Lamp
- Neurorehabilitation and Recovery, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne Brain Centre, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- Occupational Therapy, School of Allied Health, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Peter Goodin
- Neurorehabilitation and Recovery, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne Brain Centre, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - Susan Palmer
- Neurorehabilitation and Recovery, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne Brain Centre, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - Essie Low
- Neurorehabilitation and Recovery, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne Brain Centre, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Sunshine Hospital, Western Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Psychology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Ayla Barutchu
- Neurorehabilitation and Recovery, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne Brain Centre, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- Balliol College, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Leeanne M. Carey
- Neurorehabilitation and Recovery, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne Brain Centre, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- Occupational Therapy, School of Allied Health, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
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18
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Exploring brain functional connectivity in rest and sleep states: a fNIRS study. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16144. [PMID: 30385843 PMCID: PMC6212555 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33439-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the brain functional connectivity in the rest and sleep states. We collected EEG, EOG, and fNIRS signals simultaneously during rest and sleep phases. The rest phase was defined as a quiet wake-eyes open (w_o) state, while the sleep phase was separated into three states; quiet wake-eyes closed (w_c), non-rapid eye movement sleep stage 1 (N1), and non-rapid eye movement sleep stage 2 (N2) using the EEG and EOG signals. The fNIRS signals were used to calculate the cerebral hemodynamic responses (oxy-, deoxy-, and total hemoglobin). We grouped 133 fNIRS channels into five brain regions (frontal, motor, temporal, somatosensory, and visual areas). These five regions were then used to form fifteen brain networks. A network connectivity was computed by calculating the Pearson correlation coefficients of the hemodynamic responses between fNIRS channels belonging to the network. The fifteen networks were compared across the states using the connection ratio and connection strength calculated from the normalized correlation coefficients. Across all fifteen networks and three hemoglobin types, the connection ratio was high in the w_c and N1 states and low in the w_o and N2 states. In addition, the connection strength was similar between the w_c and N1 states and lower in the w_o and N2 states. Based on our experimental results, we believe that fNIRS has a high potential to be a main tool to study the brain connectivity in the rest and sleep states.
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19
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Hirtz R, Weiss T, Huonker R, Witte OW. Impact of transcranial direct current stimulation on structural plasticity of the somatosensory system. J Neurosci Res 2018; 96:1367-1379. [PMID: 29876962 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
While there is a growing body of evidence regarding the behavioral and neurofunctional changes in response to the longitudinal delivery of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), there is limited evidence regarding its structural effects. Therefore, the present study was intended to investigate the effect of repeatedly applied anodal tDCS over the primary somatosensory cortex on the gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) compartment of the brain. Structural tDCS effects were, moreover, related to effects evidenced by functional imaging and behavioral assessment. tDCS was applied over the course of 5 days in 25 subjects with concomitant assessment of tactile acuity of the right and left index finger as well as imaging at baseline, after the last delivery of tDCS and at follow-up 4 weeks thereafter. Irrespective of the stimulation condition (anodal vs. sham), voxel-based morphometry revealed a behaviorally relevant decrease of GM in the precuneus co-localized with a functional change of its activity. Moreover, there was a decrease in GM of the bilateral lingual gyrus and the right cerebellum. Diffusion tensor imaging analysis showed an increase of fractional anisotropy exclusively in the tDCSanodal condition in the left frontal cortex affecting the final stretch of a somatosensory decision making network comprising the middle and superior frontal gyrus as well as regions adjacent to the genu of the corpus callosum. Thus, this is the first study in humans to identify structural plasticity in the GM compartment and tDCS-specific changes in the WM compartment in response to somatosensory learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Hirtz
- Hans Berger Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
- Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Essen University Hospital, Essen, Germany
| | - Thomas Weiss
- Department of Biological and Clinical Psychology, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Ralph Huonker
- Brain Imaging Center, Hans Berger Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Otto W Witte
- Hans Berger Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
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20
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Structural changes in brain morphology induced by brief periods of repetitive sensory stimulation. Neuroimage 2018; 165:148-157. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
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21
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Benedetto A, Lozano-Soldevilla D, VanRullen R. Different responses of spontaneous and stimulus-related alpha activity to ambient luminance changes. Eur J Neurosci 2017; 48:2599-2608. [PMID: 29205618 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.13791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Alpha oscillations are particularly important in determining our percepts and have been implicated in fundamental brain functions. Oscillatory activity can be spontaneous or stimulus-related. Furthermore, stimulus-related responses can be phase- or non-phase-locked to the stimulus. Non-phase-locked (induced) activity can be identified as the average amplitude changes in response to a stimulation, while phase-locked activity can be measured via reverse-correlation techniques (echo function). However, the mechanisms and the functional roles of these oscillations are far from clear. Here, we investigated the effect of ambient luminance changes, known to dramatically modulate neural oscillations, on spontaneous and stimulus-related alpha. We investigated the effect of ambient luminance on EEG alpha during spontaneous human brain activity at rest (experiment 1) and during visual stimulation (experiment 2). Results show that spontaneous alpha amplitude increased by decreasing ambient luminance, while alpha frequency remained unaffected. In the second experiment, we found that under low-luminance viewing, the stimulus-related alpha amplitude was lower, and its frequency was slightly faster. These effects were evident in the phase-locked part of the alpha response (echo function), but weaker or absent in the induced (non-phase-locked) alpha responses. Finally, we explored the possible behavioural correlates of these modulations in a monocular critical flicker frequency task (experiment 3), finding that dark adaptation in the left eye decreased the temporal threshold of the right eye. Overall, we found that ambient luminance changes impact differently on spontaneous and stimulus-related alpha expression. We suggest that stimulus-related alpha activity is crucial in determining human temporal segmentation abilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Benedetto
- Department of Translational Research on New Technologies in Medicines and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.,Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Pharmacology and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Diego Lozano-Soldevilla
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche 5549, Faculté de Médecine Purpan, Toulouse, France.,Centre de Recherche Cerveau et Cognition, Université Paul Sabatier, Place du Dr. Baylac, 31052, Toulouse, France
| | - Rufin VanRullen
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche 5549, Faculté de Médecine Purpan, Toulouse, France.,Centre de Recherche Cerveau et Cognition, Université Paul Sabatier, Place du Dr. Baylac, 31052, Toulouse, France
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22
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Götz T, Hanke D, Huonker R, Weiss T, Klingner C, Brodoehl S, Baumbach P, Witte OW. The Influence of Eye Closure on Somatosensory Discrimination: A Trade-off Between Simple Perception and Discrimination. Cereb Cortex 2017; 27:3231-3239. [DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhx089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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23
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Becker-Bense S, Buchholz HG, Baier B, Schreckenberger M, Bartenstein P, Zwergal A, Brandt T, Dieterich M. Functional Plasticity after Unilateral Vestibular Midbrain Infarction in Human Positron Emission Tomography. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0165935. [PMID: 27824897 PMCID: PMC5100888 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to uncover mechanisms of central compensation of vestibular function at brainstem, cerebellar, and cortical levels in patients with acute unilateral midbrain infarctions presenting with an acute vestibular tone imbalance. Eight out of 17 patients with unilateral midbrain infarctions were selected on the basis of signs of a vestibular tone imbalance, e.g., graviceptive (tilts of perceived verticality) and oculomotor dysfunction (skew deviation, ocular torsion) in F18-fluordeoxyglucose (FDG)-PET at two time points: A) in the acute stage, and B) after recovery 6 months later. Lesion-behavior mapping analyses with MRI verified the exact structural lesion sites. Group subtraction analyses and comparisons with healthy controls were performed with Statistic Parametric Mapping for the PET data. A comparison of PET A of acute-stage patients with that of healthy controls showed increases in glucose metabolism in the cerebellum, motion-sensitive visual cortex areas, and inferior temporal lobe, but none in vestibular cortex areas. At the supratentorial level bilateral signal decreases dominated in the thalamus, frontal eye fields, and anterior cingulum. These decreases persisted after clinical recovery in contrast to the increases. The transient activations can be attributed to ocular motor and postural recovery (cerebellum) and sensory substitution of vestibular function for motion perception (visual cortex). The persisting deactivation in the thalamic nuclei and frontal eye fields allows alternative functional interpretations of the thalamic nuclei: either a disconnection of ascending sensory input occurs or there is a functional mismatch between expected and actual vestibular activity. Our data support the view that both thalami operate separately for each hemisphere but receive vestibular input from ipsilateral and contralateral midbrain integration centers. Normally they have gatekeeper functions for multisensory input to the cortex and automatic motor output to subserve balance and locomotion, as well as sensorimotor integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Becker-Bense
- Department of Neurology, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders-IFB, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Hans-Georg Buchholz
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Bernhard Baier
- Department of Neurology, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Peter Bartenstein
- German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders-IFB, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (SyNergy), University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Zwergal
- Department of Neurology, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders-IFB, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Brandt
- German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders-IFB, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Neuroscience, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Marianne Dieterich
- Department of Neurology, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders-IFB, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (SyNergy), University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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24
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Brodoehl S, Witte OW, Klingner CM. Measuring eye states in functional MRI. BMC Neurosci 2016; 17:48. [PMID: 27411785 PMCID: PMC4944461 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-016-0282-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In many functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies, experimental design often depends on the eye state (i.e., whether the participants had their eyes open or closed). Closed eyes during an fMRI is the general convention, particularly when patients are in a resting-state, but the eye state is difficult to verify. Although knowledge of the impact of the eye state on brain activity is steadily growing, only a few research groups have implemented standardized procedures to monitor eye movements and eye state. These procedures involve advanced methods that are costly (e.g., fMRI-compatible cameras) and often time-consuming (e.g., EEG/EOG). Results We present a simple method that distinguishes open from closed eyes utilizing functional MR images alone. The utility of this method was demonstrated on fMRI data from 14 healthy subjects who had to open and close their eyes according to a predetermined protocol (3.0 T MRI scanner, EPI sequence with 3 × 3 × 3 mm voxels, TR 2.52 s). Conclusion The method presented herein is capable of extracting the movement direction of the eyes. All described methods are applicable for pre- and post-normalized MR images and are freely available through a MATLAB toolbox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Brodoehl
- Hans Berger Department Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Erlanger Allee 101, 07747, Jena, Germany. .,Brain Imaging Center, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
| | - Otto W Witte
- Hans Berger Department Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Erlanger Allee 101, 07747, Jena, Germany.,Brain Imaging Center, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Carsten M Klingner
- Hans Berger Department Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Erlanger Allee 101, 07747, Jena, Germany.,Brain Imaging Center, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
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25
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Brodoehl S, Klingner C, Schaller D, Witte OW. Plasticity During Short-Term Visual Deprivation. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PSYCHOLOGIE-JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1027/2151-2604/a000246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. During everyday experiences, people sometimes close their eyes to better understand spoken words, to listen to music, or when touching textures and objects. A plausible explanation for this observation is that a reversible loss of vision changes the perceptual function of the remaining non-deprived sensory modalities. Within this work, we discuss general aspects of the effects of visual deprivation on the perceptual performance of the non-deprived sensory modalities with a focus on the time dependency of these modifications. In light of ambiguous findings concerning the effects of short-term visual deprivation and because recent literature provides evidence that the act of blindfolding can change the function of the non-deprived senses within seconds, we performed additional psychophysiological and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) analysis to provide new insight into this matter. Eye closure for several seconds led to a substantial impact on tactile perception probably caused by an unmasking of preformed neuronal pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Brodoehl
- Hans Berger Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital – Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Germany
- Brain Imaging Center, Jena University Hospital – Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Germany
| | - Carsten Klingner
- Hans Berger Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital – Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Germany
- Brain Imaging Center, Jena University Hospital – Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Germany
| | - Denise Schaller
- Hans Berger Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital – Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Germany
- Brain Imaging Center, Jena University Hospital – Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Germany
| | - Otto W. Witte
- Hans Berger Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital – Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Germany
- Brain Imaging Center, Jena University Hospital – Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Germany
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Brodoehl S, Klingner C, Witte OW. Age-dependent modulation of the somatosensory network upon eye closure. Behav Brain Res 2016; 298:52-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2015.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Revised: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Brodoehl S, Klingner C, Stieglitz K, Witte OW. The impact of eye closure on somatosensory perception in the elderly. Behav Brain Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2015.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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