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Lin D, Futaba DN, Kobashi K, Zhang M, Muroga S, Chen G, Tsuji T, Hata K. A Microwave-Assisted, Solvent-Free Approach for the Versatile Functionalization of Carbon Nanotubes. ACS NANO 2023; 17:3976-3983. [PMID: 36752763 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c12789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
While the functionalization of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) has attracted extensive interest for a wide range of applications, a facial and versatile strategy remains in demand. Here, we report a microwave-assisted, solvent-free approach to directly functionalize CNTs both in raw form and in arbitrary macroscopic assemblies. Rapid microwave irradiation was applied to generate active sites on the CNTs while not inducing excessive damage to the graphitic network, and a gas-phase deposition afforded controllable grafting for thorough or regioselective functionalization. Using methyl methacrylate (MMA) as a model functional group and a CNT sponge as a model assembly, homogeneous grafting was exhibited by the increased robust hydrophobicity (contact angle increase from 30 to 140°) and improved structural stability (compressive modulus increased by 135%). Therefore, when our MMA-functionalized CNTs served as a solar absorber for saline distillation, high operating stability with a superior water evaporation rate of ∼2.6 kg m-2 h-1 was observed. Finally, to highlight the efficacy and versatility of this functionalization approach, we fabricated asymmetrically hydrophobic CNT sponges by regioselective functionalization to serve as a moisture-driven generator, which demonstrated a stable open-circuit voltage of 0.6 mV. This versatile, solvent-free approach can complement conventional solution-based techniques in the design and fabrication of multifunctional nanocarbon-based materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dewu Lin
- Nano Carbon Device Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Don N Futaba
- Nano Carbon Device Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Kazufumi Kobashi
- Nano Carbon Device Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Minfang Zhang
- Nano Carbon Device Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Shun Muroga
- Nano Carbon Device Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Guohai Chen
- Nano Carbon Device Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Takashi Tsuji
- Nano Carbon Device Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Kenji Hata
- Nano Carbon Device Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
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2
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Wang L, Feng Y, Li Z, Liu G. Nanoscale thermoplasmonic welding. iScience 2022; 25:104422. [PMID: 35663015 PMCID: PMC9156941 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Establishing direct, close contact between individual nano-objects is crucial to fabricating hierarchical and multifunctional nanostructures. Nanowelding is a technical prerequisite for successfully manufacturing such structures. In this paper, we review the nanoscale thermoplasmonic welding with a focus on its physical mechanisms, key influencing factor, and emerging applications. The basic mechanisms are firstly described from the photothermal conversion to self-limited heating physics. Key aspects related to the welding process including material scrutinization, nanoparticle geometric and spatial configuration, heating scheme and performance characterization are then discussed in terms of the distinctive properties of plasmonic welding. Based on the characteristics of high precision and flexible platform of thermoplasmonic welding, the potential applications are further highlighted from electronics and optics to additive manufacturing. Finally, the future challenges and prospects are outlined for future prospects of this dynamic field. This work summarizes these innovative concepts and works on thermoplasmonic welding, which is significant to establish a common link between nanoscale welding and additive manufacturing communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer for Low Grade Energy Utilization, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yijun Feng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer for Low Grade Energy Utilization, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Ze Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer for Low Grade Energy Utilization, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Guohua Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer for Low Grade Energy Utilization, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
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Li P, Kang Z, Rao F, Lu Y, Zhang Y. Nanowelding in Whole-Lifetime Bottom-Up Manufacturing: From Assembly to Service. SMALL METHODS 2021; 5:e2100654. [PMID: 34927947 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202100654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The continuous miniaturization of microelectronics is pushing the transformation of nanomanufacturing modes from top-down to bottom-up. Bottom-up manufacturing is essentially the way of assembling nanostructures from atoms, clusters, quantum dots, etc. The assembly process relies on nanowelding which also existed in the synthesis process of nanostructures, construction and repair of nanonetworks, interconnects, integrated circuits, and nanodevices. First, many kinds of novel nanomaterials and nanostructures from 0D to 1D, and even 2D are synthesized by nanowelding. Second, the connection of nanostructures and interfaces between metal/semiconductor-metal/semiconductor is realized through low-temperature heat-assisted nanowelding, mechanical-assisted nanowelding, or cold welding. Finally, 2D and 3D interconnects, flexible transparent electrodes, integrated circuits, and nanodevices are constructed, functioned, or self-healed by nanowelding. All of the three nanomanufacturing stages follow the rule of "oriented attachment" mechanisms. Thus, the whole-lifetime bottom-up manufacturing process from the synthesis and connection of nanostructures to the construction and service of nanodevices can be organically integrated by nanowelding. The authors hope this review can bring some new perspective in future semiconductor industrialization development in the expansion of multi-material systems, technology pathway for the refined design, controlled synthesis and in situ characterization of complex nanostructures, and the strategies to develop and repair novel nanodevices in service.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peifeng Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Zhuo Kang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Materials and Technologies, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Feng Rao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Yang Lu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
- Nanomanufacturing Laboratory (NML), Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518057, P. R. China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Materials and Technologies, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
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4
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Xue F, Zheng H, Peng Q, Hu Y, Zhao X, Xu L, Li P, Zhu Y, Liu Z, He X. An ultra-broad-range pressure sensor based on a gradient stiffness design. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2021; 8:2260-2272. [PMID: 34846430 DOI: 10.1039/d1mh00384d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The question of how to make artificial intelligence robots perceive the power of "light as a feather" and "heavy as a mountain" at the same time has always been a goal that people are striving to achieve. However, pressure sensors, the key components of electronic equipment, are often unable to incorporate high sensitivity and wide range performance. Here, we proposed a "gradient stiffness design" strategy to prepare a kind of carbon nanotube sponge with a stiffness difference of up to 254 times between different layers, but still maintaining an integral conductive network without delamination. This gradient stiffness structure sponge shows prominent sensing properties with ultra-broad range (from 0.0022 MPa to 5.47 MPa) and high sensitivity. The low stiffness layer can detect low stress (0.0022 MPa) with high sensitivity of 0.765 MPa-1, and the high stiffness layer can greatly extend the sensing range to an unprecedentedly high value (5.47 MPa). It can concisely detect various motions with different stress, from slight clamping of fragile fries by the robot fingers to heavily stomping motions by a 90 kg person. Moreover, a series of human movements from small-scale to large-scale can be also monitored, revealing the great potential of this gradient stiffness structure in future sensing research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuhua Xue
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, P. R. China.
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5
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Gong X, Zhang H, Sun Z, Zhang X, Xu J, Chu F, Sun L, Ramakrishna S. A viable method to enhance the electrical conductivity of CNT bundles: direct in situ TEM evaluation. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:13095-13102. [PMID: 32543632 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr01459a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) exhibit outstanding electrical and mechanical properties, but these superior properties are often compromised as nanotubes are assembled into bulk structures, which limits the use of CNT assemblies. Despite much work in this field, few studies have made in situ observations of the relationship between electrical conductivity and the amount of nanowelding within pristine CNT assemblies at the microscopic scale. Here, we report in situ transmission electron microscopy observations of electrical conductivity increase of CNT bundles. High-temperature Joule heating was applied to a CNT bundle to fuse adjacent carbon nanofibers with graphitic carbon bonds, as this causes the electrical conductivity of the CNT bundle to increase three orders of magnitude. Apart from the welding process of the cross-over CNT bundles, we further observed a new case of welding process of parallel CNT bundles. Here, we not only obtain the relationship between electrical conductivity of CNT bundles and their merging processes, but also show the effect of the relationship between electrical conductivity and Joule-heating induced temperature on CNT bundles, which follows the natural logarithm law. Improving effective inter-bonding between neighboring nanotubes would help facilitate large-scale development of high-performing, bulk-carbon-based materials from nanostructures in applications such as flexible devices, energy storage, and electrocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Gong
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, National Experimental Demonstration Center for Materials Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, P.R. China.
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6
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Luo Q, Zheng H, Hu Y, Zhuo H, Chen Z, Peng X, Zhong L. Carbon Nanotube/Chitosan-Based Elastic Carbon Aerogel for Pressure Sensing. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b02847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qingsong Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, P. R. China
| | - Hongzhi Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, P. R. China
| | - Yijie Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, P. R. China
| | - Hao Zhuo
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, P. R. China
| | - Zehong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, P. R. China
| | - Xinwen Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, P. R. China
| | - Linxin Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, P. R. China
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7
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Prasad K, Zhou R, Zhou R, Schuessler D, Ostrikov KK, Bazaka K. Cosmetic reconstruction in breast cancer patients: Opportunities for nanocomposite materials. Acta Biomater 2019; 86:41-65. [PMID: 30576863 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 12/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The most common malignancy in women, breast cancer remains a major medical challenge that affects the life of thousands of patients every year. With recognized benefits to body image and self-esteem, the use of synthetic mammary implants for elective cosmetic augmentation and post-mastectomy reconstruction continues to increase. Higher breast implant use leads to an increased occurrence of implant-related complications associated with implant leakage and rupture, capsular contracture, necrosis and infections, which include delayed healing, pain, poor aesthetic outcomes and the need for revision surgeries. Along with the health status of the implant recipient and the skill of the surgeon, the properties of the implant determine the likelihood of implant-related complications and, in doing so, specific patient outcomes. This paper will review the challenges associated with the use of silicone, saline and "gummy bear" implants in view of their application in patients recovering from breast cancer-related mastectomy, and investigate the opportunities presented by advanced functional nanomaterials in meeting these challenges and potentially opening new dimensions for breast reconstruction. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Breast cancer is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in women worldwide, which is difficult to prevent or predict, and its treatment carries long-term physiological and psychological consequences. Post-mastectomy breast reconstruction addresses the cosmetic aspect of cancer treatment. Yet, drawbacks of current implants contribute to the development of implant-associated complications, which may lead to prolonged patient care, pain and loss of function. Nanomaterials can help resolve the intrinsic biomechanical mismatch between implant and tissues, enhance mechanical properties of soft implantable materials, and provide an alternative avenue for controlled drug delivery. Here, we explore advances in the use of functionalized nanomaterials to enhance the properties of breast implants, with representative examples that highlight the utility of nanomaterials in addressing key challenges associated with breast reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthika Prasad
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia; CSIRO-QUT Joint Sustainable Processes and Devices Laboratory, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, P.O. Box 218, Lindfield, NSW 2070, Australia
| | - Renwu Zhou
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia; CSIRO-QUT Joint Sustainable Processes and Devices Laboratory, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, P.O. Box 218, Lindfield, NSW 2070, Australia
| | - Rusen Zhou
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia; CSIRO-QUT Joint Sustainable Processes and Devices Laboratory, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, P.O. Box 218, Lindfield, NSW 2070, Australia
| | - David Schuessler
- Product Development, Allergan, 2525 Dupont Drive, Irvine, CA 92612, United States
| | - Kostya Ken Ostrikov
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia; CSIRO-QUT Joint Sustainable Processes and Devices Laboratory, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, P.O. Box 218, Lindfield, NSW 2070, Australia
| | - Kateryna Bazaka
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia; CSIRO-QUT Joint Sustainable Processes and Devices Laboratory, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, P.O. Box 218, Lindfield, NSW 2070, Australia.
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8
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Zhao J, Wen C, Sun R, Zhang SL, Wu B, Zhang ZB. A Sequential Process of Graphene Exfoliation and Site-Selective Copper/Graphene Metallization Enabled by Multifunctional 1-Pyrenebutyric Acid Tetrabutylammonium Salt. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:6448-6455. [PMID: 30656938 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b21162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports a procedure leading to shear exfoliation of pristine few-layer graphene flakes in water and subsequent site-selective formation of Cu/graphene films on polymer substrates, both of which are enabled by employing the water soluble 1-pyrenebutyric acid tetrabutylammonium salt (PyB-TBA). The exfoliation with PyB-TBA as an enhancer leads to as-deposited graphene films dried at 90 °C that are characterized by electrical conductivity of ∼110 S/m. Owing to the good affinity of the tetrabutylammonium cations to the catalyst PdCl42-, electroless copper deposition selectively in the graphene films is initiated, resulting in a self-aligned formation of highly conductive Cu/graphene films at room temperature. The excellent solution-phase and low-temperature processability, self-aligned copper growth, and high electrical conductivity of the Cu/graphene films have permitted fabrication of several electronic circuits on plastic foils, thereby indicating their great potential in compliant, flexible, and printed electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science , Northwest University , 710069 Xi'an , People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | - Biao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science , Northwest University , 710069 Xi'an , People's Republic of China
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Yao Y, Jiang F, Yang C, Fu KK, Hayden J, Lin CF, Xie H, Jiao M, Yang C, Wang Y, He S, Xu F, Hitz E, Gao T, Dai J, Luo W, Rubloff G, Wang C, Hu L. Epitaxial Welding of Carbon Nanotube Networks for Aqueous Battery Current Collectors. ACS NANO 2018; 12:5266-5273. [PMID: 29757623 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b08584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanomaterials are desirable candidates for lightweight, highly conductive, and corrosion-resistant current collectors. However, a key obstacle is their weak interconnection between adjacent nanostructures, which renders orders of magnitude lower electrical conductivity and mechanical strength in the bulk assemblies. Here we report an "epitaxial welding" strategy to engineer carbon nanotubes (CNTs) into highly crystalline and interconnected structures. Solution-based polyacrylonitrile was conformally coated on CNTs as "nanoglue" to physically join CNTs into a network, followed by a rapid high-temperature annealing (>2800 K, overall ∼30 min) to graphitize the polymer coating into crystalline layers that also bridge the adjacent CNTs to form an interconnected structure. The contact-welded CNTs (W-CNTs) exhibit both a high conductivity (∼1500 S/cm) and a high tensile strength (∼120 MPa), which are 5 and 20 times higher than the unwelded CNTs, respectively. In addition, the W-CNTs display chemical and electrochemical stabilities in strong acidic/alkaline electrolytes (>6 mol/L) when potentiostatically stressing at both cathodic and anodic potentials. With these exceptional properties, the W-CNT films are optimal as high-performance current collectors and were demonstrated in the state-of-the-art aqueous battery using a "water-in-salt" electrolyte.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonggang Yao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
| | - Feng Jiang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
| | - Chongyin Yang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
| | - Kun Kelvin Fu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
| | - John Hayden
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
| | - Chuan-Fu Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
| | - Hua Xie
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
| | - Miaolun Jiao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
| | - Chunpeng Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
| | - Yilin Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
| | - Shuaiming He
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
| | - Fujun Xu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
| | - Emily Hitz
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
| | - Tingting Gao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
| | - Jiaqi Dai
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
| | - Wei Luo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
| | - Gary Rubloff
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
| | - Chunsheng Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
| | - Liangbing Hu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
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10
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Jiang S, Hou PX, Chen ML, Wang BW, Sun DM, Tang DM, Jin Q, Guo QX, Zhang DD, Du JH, Tai KP, Tan J, Kauppinen EI, Liu C, Cheng HM. Ultrahigh-performance transparent conductive films of carbon-welded isolated single-wall carbon nanotubes. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2018; 4:eaap9264. [PMID: 29736413 PMCID: PMC5935479 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aap9264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are ideal for fabricating transparent conductive films because of their small diameter, good optical and electrical properties, and excellent flexibility. However, a high intertube Schottky junction resistance, together with the existence of aggregated bundles of SWCNTs, leads to a degraded optoelectronic performance of the films. We report a network of isolated SWCNTs prepared by an injection floating catalyst chemical vapor deposition method, in which crossed SWCNTs are welded together by graphitic carbon. Pristine SWCNT films show a record low sheet resistance of 41 ohm □-1 at 90% transmittance for 550-nm light. After HNO3 treatment, the sheet resistance further decreases to 25 ohm □-1. Organic light-emitting diodes using this SWCNT film as anodes demonstrate a low turn-on voltage of 2.5 V, a high current efficiency of 75 cd A-1, and excellent flexibility. Investigation of isolated SWCNT-based field-effect transistors shows that the carbon-welded joints convert the Schottky contacts between metallic and semiconducting SWCNTs into near-ohmic ones, which significantly improves the conductivity of the transparent SWCNT network. Our work provides a new avenue of assembling individual SWCNTs into macroscopic thin films, which demonstrate great potential for use as transparent electrodes in various flexible electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Jiang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 200031, China
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Peng-Xiang Hou
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Mao-Lin Chen
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Bing-Wei Wang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Dong-Ming Sun
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Dai-Ming Tang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Qun Jin
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qing-Xun Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Polymers Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Ding-Dong Zhang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jin-Hong Du
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Kai-Ping Tai
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jun Tan
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Esko I. Kauppinen
- Aalto University School of Science, Department of Applied Physics, PO Box 15100, FI-00076 Aalto, Espoo, Finland
| | - Chang Liu
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang 110016, China
- Corresponding author. (C.L.); (H.-M.C.)
| | - Hui-Ming Cheng
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 200031, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang 110016, China
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Corresponding author. (C.L.); (H.-M.C.)
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11
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Ozden S, Macwan IG, Owuor PS, Kosolwattana S, Autreto PAS, Silwal S, Vajtai R, Tiwary CS, Mohite AD, Patra PK, Ajayan PM. Bacteria as Bio-Template for 3D Carbon Nanotube Architectures. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9855. [PMID: 28851935 PMCID: PMC5575067 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09692-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
It is one of the most important needs to develop renewable, scalable and multifunctional methods for the fabrication of 3D carbon architectures. Even though a lot of methods have been developed to create porous and mechanically stable 3D scaffolds, the fabrication and control over the synthesis of such architectures still remain a challenge. Here, we used Magnetospirillum magneticum (AMB-1) bacteria as a bio-template to fabricate light-weight 3D solid structure of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with interconnected porosity. The resulting porous scaffold showed good mechanical stability and large surface area because of the excellent pore interconnection and high porosity. Steered molecular dynamics simulations were used to quantify the interactions between nanotubes and AMB-1 via the cell surface protein MSP-1 and flagellin. The 3D CNTs-AMB1 nanocomposite scaffold is further demonstrated as a potential substrate for electrodes in supercapacitor applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sehmus Ozden
- Materials Physics and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA.
| | - Isaac G Macwan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Bridgeport, 126 Park Avenue, Bridgeport, CT, 06604, USA
| | - Peter S Owuor
- Department of Material Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas, 77005, USA
| | - Suppanat Kosolwattana
- Department of Material Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas, 77005, USA
| | | | - Sushila Silwal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Bridgeport, 126 Park Avenue, Bridgeport, CT, 06604, USA
| | - Robert Vajtai
- Department of Material Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas, 77005, USA
| | - Chandra S Tiwary
- Department of Material Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas, 77005, USA
| | - Aditya D Mohite
- Materials Physics and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA
| | - Prabir K Patra
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Bridgeport, 126 Park Avenue, Bridgeport, CT, 06604, USA.
| | - Pulickel M Ajayan
- Department of Material Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas, 77005, USA.
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12
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Nanomechanics of individual aerographite tetrapods. Nat Commun 2017; 8:14982. [PMID: 28401930 PMCID: PMC5394344 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms14982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 02/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbon-based three-dimensional aerographite networks, built from interconnected hollow tubular tetrapods of multilayer graphene, are ultra-lightweight materials recently discovered and ideal for advanced multifunctional applications. In order to predict the bulk mechanical behaviour of networks it is very important to understand the mechanics of their individual building blocks. Here we characterize the mechanical response of single aerographite tetrapods via in situ scanning electron and atomic force microscopy measurements. To understand the acquired results, which show that the overall behaviour of the tetrapod is governed by the buckling of the central joint, a mechanical nonlinear model was developed, introducing the concept of the buckling hinge. Finite element method simulations elucidate the governing buckling phenomena. The results are then generalized for tetrapods of different size-scales and shapes. These basic findings will permit better understanding of the mechanical response of the related networks and the design of similar aerogels based on graphene and other two-dimensional materials. Aerographite is a highly porous and lightweight carbon material obtained from hollow tubular tetrapod building units. Here, the authors present a comprehensive investigation of tetrapod deformation mechanisms which are at the core of aerographite nanomechanical properties.
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13
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Yao Y, Fu KK, Zhu S, Dai J, Wang Y, Pastel G, Chen Y, Li T, Wang C, Li T, Hu L. Carbon Welding by Ultrafast Joule Heating. NANO LETTERS 2016; 16:7282-7289. [PMID: 27739680 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b03888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanomaterials exhibit outstanding electrical and mechanical properties, but these superior properties are often compromised as nanomaterials are assembled into bulk structures. This issue of scaling limits the use of carbon nanostructures and can be attributed to poor physical contacts between nanostructures. To address this challenge, we propose a novel technique to build a 3D interconnected carbon matrix by forming covalent bonds between carbon nanostructures. High temperature Joule heating was applied to bring the carbon nanofiber (CNF) film to temperatures greater than 2500 K at a heating rate of 200 K/min to fuse together adjacent carbon nanofibers with graphitic carbon bonds, forming a 3D continuous carbon network. The bulk electrical conductivity of the carbon matrix increased four orders of magnitude to 380 S/cm with a sheet resistance of 1.75 Ω/sq. The high temperature Joule heating not only enables fast graphitization of carbon materials at high temperature, but also provides a new strategy to build covalently bonded graphitic carbon networks from amorphous carbon source. Because of the high electrical conductivity, good mechanical structures, and anticorrosion properties, the 3D interconnected carbon membrane shows promising applications in energy storage and electrocatalysis fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonggang Yao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and ‡Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland College Park , College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Kun Kelvin Fu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and ‡Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland College Park , College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Shuze Zhu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and ‡Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland College Park , College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Jiaqi Dai
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and ‡Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland College Park , College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Yanbin Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and ‡Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland College Park , College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Glenn Pastel
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and ‡Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland College Park , College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Yanan Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and ‡Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland College Park , College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Tian Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and ‡Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland College Park , College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Chengwei Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and ‡Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland College Park , College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Teng Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and ‡Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland College Park , College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Liangbing Hu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and ‡Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland College Park , College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
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14
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Dai Z, Liu L, Qi X, Kuang J, Wei Y, Zhu H, Zhang Z. Three-dimensional Sponges with Super Mechanical Stability: Harnessing True Elasticity of Individual Carbon Nanotubes in Macroscopic Architectures. Sci Rep 2016; 6:18930. [PMID: 26732143 PMCID: PMC4702113 DOI: 10.1038/srep18930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Efficient assembly of carbon nanotube (CNT) based cellular solids with appropriate structure is the key to fully realize the potential of individual nanotubes in macroscopic architecture. In this work, the macroscopic CNT sponge consisting of randomly interconnected individual carbon nanotubes was grown by CVD, exhibiting a combination of super-elasticity, high strength to weight ratio, fatigue resistance, thermo-mechanical stability and electro-mechanical stability. To deeply understand such extraordinary mechanical performance compared to that of conventional cellular materials and other nanostructured cellular architectures, a thorough study on the response of this CNT-based spongy structure to compression is conducted based on classic elastic theory. The strong inter-tube bonding between neighboring nanotubes is examined, believed to play a critical role in the reversible deformation such as bending and buckling without structural collapse under compression. Based on in-situ scanning electron microscopy observation and nanotube deformation analysis, structural evolution (completely elastic bending-buckling transition) of the carbon nanotubes sponges to deformation is proposed to clarify their mechanical properties and nonlinear electromechanical coupling behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohe Dai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierachical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China.,State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Luqi Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierachical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xiaoying Qi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierachical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jun Kuang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierachical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yueguang Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Hongwei Zhu
- Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics (CNMM), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhong Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierachical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China.,Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics (CNMM), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
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15
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Gao YD, Kong QQ, Liu Z, Li XM, Chen CM, Cai R. Graphene oxide aerogels constructed using large or small graphene oxide with different electrical, mechanical and adsorbent properties. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra26922a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The structure and property differences of graphene oxide aerogels are studied by assembling them using graphene oxide sheets in controlled lateral dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Dan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials
- Institute of Coal Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan 030001
- P. R. China
| | - Qing-Qiang Kong
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials
- Institute of Coal Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan 030001
- P. R. China
| | - Zhuo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials
- Institute of Coal Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan 030001
- P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Ming Li
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials
- Institute of Coal Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan 030001
- P. R. China
| | - Cheng-Meng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials
- Institute of Coal Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan 030001
- P. R. China
| | - Rong Cai
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials
- Institute of Coal Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan 030001
- P. R. China
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