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Chen S, Xing L, Xie Z, Zhao M, Yu H, Gan J, Zhao H, Ma Z, Li H. Single-cell transcriptomic reveals a cell atlas and diversity of chicken amygdala responded to social hierarchy. iScience 2024; 27:109880. [PMID: 38952686 PMCID: PMC11215297 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Amygdala serves as a highly cellular, heterogeneous brain region containing excitatory and inhibitory neurons and is involved in the dopamine and serotoninergic neuron systems. An increasing number of studies have revealed the underpinned mechanism mediating social hierarchy in mammal and vertebrate, however, there are rare studies conducted on how amygdala on social hierarchy in poultry. In this study, we conducted food competition tests and determined the social hierarchy of the rooster. We performed cross-species analysis with mammalian amygdala, and found that cell types of human and rhesus monkeys were more closely related and that of chickens were more distant. We identified 26 clusters and divided them into 10 main clusters, of which GABAergic and glutamatergic neurons were associated with social behaviors. In conclusion, our results provide to serve the developmental studies of the amygdala neuron system and new insights into the underpinned mechanism of social hierarchy in roosters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528250, China
| | - Limin Xing
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528250, China
| | - Zhijiang Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528250, China
| | - Mengqiao Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528250, China
| | - Hui Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528250, China
| | - Jiankang Gan
- Guangdong Tinoo’s FOODS Group Co., Ltd, Qingyuan 511500, China
| | - Haiquan Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528250, China
| | - Zheng Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528250, China
| | - Hua Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528250, China
- Guangdong Tinoo’s FOODS Group Co., Ltd, Qingyuan 511500, China
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Xie Z, Xing L, Zhao M, Zhao L, Liu J, Li Y, Gan J, Chen S, Li H. Versatile, vigilance, and gut microbiome support the priority of high-ranking hens. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1324937. [PMID: 38179328 PMCID: PMC10764595 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1324937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Dominance hierarchy exists in social animals and shows profound impacts on animals' survival, physical and mental health, and reproductive success. Aggressive interaction, as the main indicator used to calculate social hierarchy, however, is not found in some female animals. In this study, we aimed to figure out the establishment of social hierarchy in hens that almost perform aggressive behaviors and investigated the interactions of social hierarchy with production performance and gut microbiome. Forty 49-day-old Qingyuan hens were randomly divided into four groups. The social hierarchy of hens was calculated by the relative position around the feeder. The rank 1 (R1), R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, and R10 birds were determined in ascending order. Then, R1 and R2 birds (four duplicates, n = 8) were named as the high-ranking hens (HR) group, while R9 and R10 individuals were named as the low-ranking hens (LR) group (four duplicates, n = 8). The heart index (p = 0.01), number of visits per day, daily feed intake, and occupation time per day were higher in the HR group than LR group, but the LR group had a higher feed intake per visit than the HR group. The alpha diversity was significantly lower in the HR group than the LR group (p = 0.05). The relative abundance of phylum Firmicutes was higher while that of phylum Deferribacterota was lower in the HR group than LR group (p < 0.05). At the genus level, the relative abundance of Succinatimonas, Eubacterium hallii group, and Anaerostipes were higher in HR group than in LR group. The relative abundance of Bacteroides, Mucispirillum, Subdoligranulum, and Barnesiellaceae unclassified was higher in the LR group than HR group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the rank of hens could be calculated by the relative position around the feeder when they compete for food. The dominant hens have a versatile. Moreover, they are more vigilant and have priority when foraging. Low-ranking hens adopt strategies to get enough food to sustain themselves. Hens of high-rank possess beneficial bacteria that use favorable substances to maintain the balance of the gut environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijiang Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Limin Xing
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Mengqiao Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Jinling Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Yushan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Jiankang Gan
- Guangdong Tinoo’s Foods Group Co., Ltd., Qingyuan, China
| | - Siyu Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Hua Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
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3
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Chen S, Yan C, Liu W, Chen K, Xing L, Li H, Zhao X. Research Note: Integrated gut microbiome and short-chain fatty acids responds to dominance hierarchy in roosters. Poult Sci 2021; 101:101670. [PMID: 35051672 PMCID: PMC8883064 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The dominant chickens have priority over the use of resources, such as resting places and the announcement of dawn. While cooperation from the subdominant animal is of great help to reduce conflict and maintain the sustainability of a group. However, whether the dominance hierarchy is associated with individuals' health is not yet known. In this study, we first determined the dominance hierarchy within a group of roosters, to figure out its effects on individuals' health status by the determination of microbial composition and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Sixteen Weining roosters were kept in a group in order to fix and determine the ranking of dominance hierarchy, as R1 (the highest-ranking rooster), R2, R3, and R4. Results show that the R1 roosters had the highest aggression behavior followed by R2, R3 and R4 (P < 0.05). The alpha diversity of R1, R2, and R4 was higher than R3 roosters (P < 0.05). There were several top 10 phylum and genus microbes among the different ranking roosters (P < 0.05). The acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, and valerate acid concentrations were higher, while isobutyric acid concentration was lower in the higher rank roosters (R1 and R2) than the lower rank roosters, respectively (R3 and R4) (P < 0.05). Our results show that the variation of dominance hierarchy contributes to changes of microbial composition, diversity and metabolites. Dominant roosters seem to benefit from SCFAs activities while subdominant roosters profit from microbial functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Chao Yan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Wen Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Kecheng Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Limin Xing
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Hua Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Xingbo Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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The association of social rank with paternity efficiency in competitive mating flocks of Zi goose ganders (Anser cygnoides L.). Poult Sci 2021; 100:101415. [PMID: 34534850 PMCID: PMC8450244 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of social rank (SR) on paternity efficiency (PE) in competitive mating flocks of geese. Thirty ganders and 150 geese (Zi geese, Anser cygnoides L.) aged approximately one, were divided into 3 groups. Flock 1 included 10 ganders and 50 female geese, flock 2 included 11 ganders and 55 female geese, and flock 3 included 9 ganders and 45 female geese. The frequency of the agonistic behavioral interactions (ABI) of the ganders and mating activity (MA) were video recorded in each flock. The SR of each gander was determined by the frequency of ABI with a score of 1 to 3 (1 being the dominant and 3 the most subordinate). To clarify the difference between being dominant and submissive, we collapsed rank 2 and rank 3 into a “subordinate” category. In total, 280 eggs were collected, and 219 goslings were hatched. Parent–offspring relationships among 399 individuals from the 2 generations were identified via 20 microsatellite markers, and the PE of each gander was calculated. There was no significant difference in individual body weight and semen quality factor among the different SR groups (dominant and subordinate), and the SR of the ganders was significantly correlated to PE for the 3 flocks. Goslings of high-ranking ganders contributed 48.68% in flock 1, 37.50% in flock 2, and 47.62% in flock 3. Approximately 45% of all goslings were sired by the 7 dominant ganders of the 30 total ganders across the 3 flocks. As SR has been shown to be heritable in geese, the selection of high-ranking ganders might be an effective way to improve reproductive efficiency in commercial geese flocks.
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Harpole CE, Cassone VM. Context and novelty increase strength of auditory cues as a weak circadian zeitgeber in songbirds. Chronobiol Int 2021; 38:1042-1051. [PMID: 33823734 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2021.1903484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Light is the best-studied external cue (zeitgeber) for the entrainment of circadian rhythms. Non-photic entrainment is also possible; some organisms can entrain to rhythmic temperatures, drug administration, feeding, water turbulence, exercise and social cues. One such social cue that has the capacity to act as a weak zeitgeber to songbirds is the rhythmic presentation of conspecific vocalization. To better characterize this phenomenon, we performed several trials in which male and female zebra finches were maintained in constant dim light and allowed to free-run for 1 week before being presented with different audio cues of various lengths of playback and audio design every day at the same time of day for 15-31 days. Live audio monitoring from a nearby colony housed in light: dark (LD) conditions proved the strongest zeitgeber we tested, suggesting the phenomenon is enhanced with dynamic, context-appropriate vocalizations. Live colony playback was more efficacious than was a 2 h or 4 h presentation of the same, single zebra finch song but not a 1 h presentation, suggesting that habituation may have occurred in some of these experiments. The monitoring of the colony was also not statistically different from a 4 h playback of that same song, reversed, suggesting that social context is not required. It was, however, more effective than a 4 h presentation of synthesized, pseudorandom tones. When birds entrained to the period of the zeitgebers, their expressed period closely matched 24 h with phases closely matched to the onset of the zeitgeber. Masking was not evident in contrast to masking observed following transfer from constant dim light to LD and vice versa.This series of experiments could prove a means of quantifying the capacity for reciprocal social interaction, a state which can be dynamic in songbirds, as well as the integration between sociality and the circadian clock.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vincent M Cassone
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
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6
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Lack of consistent responses to aircraft noise in dawn song timing of bird populations near tropical airports. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-020-02865-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Shimmura T, Tamura M, Ohashi S, Sasaki A, Yamanaka T, Nakao N, Ihara K, Okamura S, Yoshimura T. Cholecystokinin induces crowing in chickens. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3978. [PMID: 30850691 PMCID: PMC6408447 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40746-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Animals that communicate using sound are found throughout the animal kingdom. Interestingly, in contrast to human vocal learning, most animals can produce species-specific patterns of vocalization without learning them from their parents. This phenomenon is called innate vocalization. The underlying molecular basis of both vocal learning in humans and innate vocalization in animals remains unknown. The crowing of a rooster is also innately controlled, and the upstream center is thought to be localized in the nucleus intercollicularis (ICo) of the midbrain. Here, we show that the cholecystokinin B receptor (CCKBR) is a regulatory gene involved in inducing crowing in roosters. Crowing is known to be a testosterone (T)-dependent behavior, and it follows that roosters crow but not hens. Similarly, T-administration induces chicks to crow. By using RNA-sequencing to compare gene expression in the ICo between the two comparison groups that either crow or do not crow, we found that CCKBR expression was upregulated in T-containing groups. The expression of CCKBR and its ligand, cholecystokinin (CCK), a neurotransmitter, was observed in the ICo. We also showed that crowing was induced by intracerebroventricular administration of an agonist specific for CCKBR. Our findings therefore suggest that the CCK system induces innate vocalization in roosters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Shimmura
- Laboratory of Animal Integrative Physiology, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8601, Japan. .,Division of Seasonal Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8585, Japan. .,Department of Biological Production, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.
| | - Mai Tamura
- Laboratory of Animal Integrative Physiology, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Shosei Ohashi
- Laboratory of Animal Integrative Physiology, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Asuka Sasaki
- Laboratory of Animal Integrative Physiology, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Takamichi Yamanaka
- Laboratory of Animal Integrative Physiology, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Nakao
- Faculty of Applied Life Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino, Tokyo, 180-8602, Japan
| | - Kunio Ihara
- Center for Gene Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Shinsaku Okamura
- Laboratory of Animal Integrative Physiology, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Takashi Yoshimura
- Laboratory of Animal Integrative Physiology, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8601, Japan. .,Avian Bioscience Research Center, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8601, Japan. .,Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8601, Japan. .,Division of Seasonal Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8585, Japan.
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Nunome M, Kinoshita K, Ishishita S, Ohmori Y, Murai A, Matsuda Y. Genetic diversity of 21 experimental chicken lines with diverse origins and genetic backgrounds. Exp Anim 2018; 68:177-193. [PMID: 30542001 PMCID: PMC6511517 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.18-0139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The genetic characteristics and diversity of 21 experimental chicken lines registered with the National BioResource Project of Japan were examined using mitochondrial D-loop sequences and 54 microsatellite DNA markers. A total of 12 haplotypes were detected in the 500-bp mitochondrial DNA sequences of the hypervariable segment I for 349 individuals of 21 lines. The 12 haplotypes belonged to three (A, D, and E) haplogroups, out of the eight (A‒H) common haplogroups in domestic chickens and red junglefowls. The haplogroups A and D were widely represented in indigenous chickens in the Asian and Pacific regions, and the haplogroup E was the most prevalent in domestic chickens. Genetic clustering by discriminant analysis of principal components with microsatellite markers divided 681 individuals of 21 lines into three groups that consisted of Fayoumi-, European-, and Asian- derived lines. In each of the cladograms constructed with Nei's genetic distances based on allele frequencies and the membership coefficients provided by STRUCTURE and with the genetic distance based on the proportion of shared alleles, the genetic relationships coincided well with the breeding histories of the lines. Microsatellite markers showed remarkably lower genetic heterozygosities (less than 0.1 observed heterozygosity) for eight lines (GSP, GSN/1, YL, PNP, BM-C, WL-G, BL-E, and #413), which have been maintained as closed colonies for more than 40 years (except for #413), indicating their usefulness as experimental chicken lines in laboratory animal science research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuo Nunome
- Avian Bioscience Research Center, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan
| | - Keiji Kinoshita
- Avian Bioscience Research Center, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ishishita
- Avian Bioscience Research Center, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan
| | - Yasushige Ohmori
- Laboratory of Animal Morphology, Department of Animal Sciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan
| | - Atsushi Murai
- Laboratory of Nutrition Science, Department of Animal Sciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan
| | - Yoichi Matsuda
- Avian Bioscience Research Center, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan.,Laboratory of Avian Bioscience, Department of Animal Sciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan
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9
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Gentina E, Tang TLP. Does Adolescent Popularity Mediate Relationships between Both Theory of Mind and Love of Money and Consumer Ethics? APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY-AN INTERNATIONAL REVIEW-PSYCHOLOGIE APPLIQUEE-REVUE INTERNATIONALE 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/apps.12148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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10
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Quispe R, Protazio JMB, Gahr M. Seasonal singing of a songbird living near the equator correlates with minimal changes in day length. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9140. [PMID: 28831057 PMCID: PMC5567256 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08800-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Behaving in accordance with natural cycles is essential for survival. Birds in the temperate regions use the changes of day length to time their behavior. However, at equatorial latitudes the photoperiod remains almost constant throughout the year, and it is unclear which cues songbirds use to regulate behaviors, such as singing. Here, we investigated the timing of dawn-song of male silver-beaked tanagers in the equatorial lowland Amazonas over two years. In this region, birds experience around nine minutes of annual day length variation, with sunrise times varying by 32 minutes over the year. We show that the seasonal timing of dawn-song was highly regular between years, and was strongly correlated with slight increases in day length. During the singing season the daily dawn-song onset was precisely aligned to variations in twilight time. Thus, although photoperiodic changes near the equator are minimal, songbirds can use day length variation to time singing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rene Quispe
- Department of Behavioural Neurobiology Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Eberhard-Gwinner-Strasse, 82319, Seewiesen, Germany. .,Departamento Biología Marina, Facultad Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Católica del Norte, Larrondo 1281, Coquimbo, Chile.
| | - João Marcelo Brazão Protazio
- Department of Behavioural Neurobiology Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Eberhard-Gwinner-Strasse, 82319, Seewiesen, Germany.,Faculdade de Estatística, Universidade Federal do Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa 01 - Guamá, 66075-110, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Manfred Gahr
- Department of Behavioural Neurobiology Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Eberhard-Gwinner-Strasse, 82319, Seewiesen, Germany
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12
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Ito S, Hori S, Hirose M, Iwahara M, Yatsushiro A, Matsumoto A, Tanaka M, Okamoto C, Yayou KI, Shimmura T. Involvement of circadian clock in crowing of red jungle fowls (Gallus gallus). Anim Sci J 2016; 88:691-695. [PMID: 27530363 DOI: 10.1111/asj.12677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Revised: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The rhythmic locomotor behavior of flies and mice provides a phenotype for the identification of clock genes, and the underlying molecular mechanism is well studied. However, interestingly, when examining locomotor rhythm in the wild, several key laboratory-based assumptions on circadian behavior are not supported in natural conditions. The rooster crowing 'cock-a-doodle-doo' is a symbol of the break of dawn in many countries. Previously, we used domestic inbred roosters and showed that the timing of roosters' crowing is regulated by the circadian clock under laboratory conditions. However, it is still unknown whether the regulation of crowing by circadian clock is observed under natural conditions. Therefore, here we used red jungle fowls and first confirmed that similar crowing rhythms with domesticated chickens are observed in red jungle fowls under the laboratory conditions. Red jungle fowls show predawn crowing before light onset under 12:12 light : dim light conditions and the free-running rhythm of crowing under total dim light conditions. We next examined the crowing rhythms under semi-wild conditions. Although the crowing of red jungle fowls changed seasonally under semi-wild conditions, predawn crowing was observed before sunrise in all seasons. This evidence suggests that seasonally changed crowing of red jungle fowls is under the control of a circadian clock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuichi Ito
- School of Agriculture, Tokai University, Aso, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Shuho Hori
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokai University, Aso, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Makiko Hirose
- School of Agriculture, Tokai University, Aso, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Mari Iwahara
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokai University, Aso, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Azusa Yatsushiro
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokai University, Aso, Kumamoto, Japan
| | | | | | - Chinobu Okamoto
- School of Agriculture, Tokai University, Aso, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Yayou
- National Institute of Agribiological Sciences, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Shimmura
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan.,Division of Seasonal Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Aichi, Japan.,Department of Basic Biology, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Miura, Kanagawa, Japan
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