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Chu T, Maksoudian C, Pedrotti S, Izci M, Perez Gilabert I, Koutsoumpou X, Sargsian A, Girmatsion H, Goncalves FR, Scheele CL, Manshian BB, Soenen SJ. Nanomaterial-Mediated Delivery of MLKL Plasmids Sensitizes Tumors to Immunotherapy and Reduces Metastases. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2401306. [PMID: 39031098 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202401306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has emerged as a promising approach for the induction of an antitumor response. While immunotherapy response rates are very high in some cancers, the efficacy against solid tumors remains limited caused by the presence of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Induction of immunogenic cell death (ICD) in the tumor can be used to boost immunotherapy response in solid cancers by eliciting the release of immune-stimulatory components. However, the delivery of components inducing ICD to tumor sites remains a challenge. Here, a novel delivery method is described for antitumor therapy based on MLKL (Mixed Lineage Kinase Domain-Like), a key mediator of necroptosis and inducer of ICD. A novel highly branched poly (β-amino ester)s (HPAEs) system is designed to efficiently deliver MLKL plasmid DNA to the tumor with consequent enhancement of immune antigen presentation for T cell responses in vitro, and improved antitumor response and prolonged survival in tumor-bearing mice. Combination of the therapy with anti-PD-1 treatment revealed significant changes in the composition of the tumor microenvironment, including increased infiltration of CD8+ T cells and tumor-associated lymphocytes. Overall, the HPAEs delivery system can enhance MLKL-based cancer immunotherapy and promote antitumor immune responses, providing a potential treatment to boost cancer immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianjiao Chu
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, NanoHealth and Optical Imaging Group, KULeuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Christy Maksoudian
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, NanoHealth and Optical Imaging Group, KULeuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Stefania Pedrotti
- Laboratory of Intravital Microscopy and Dynamics of Tumor Progression, Department of Oncology, KULeuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
- Laboratory of Intravital Microscopy and Dynamics of Tumor Progression, VIB Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Mukaddes Izci
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, NanoHealth and Optical Imaging Group, KULeuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Irati Perez Gilabert
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, NanoHealth and Optical Imaging Group, KULeuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Xanthippi Koutsoumpou
- Laboratory of Intravital Microscopy and Dynamics of Tumor Progression, Department of Oncology, KULeuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Ara Sargsian
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, Translational Cell and Tissue Research Unit, KULeuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Hermon Girmatsion
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, Translational Cell and Tissue Research Unit, KULeuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Filipa Roque Goncalves
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, NanoHealth and Optical Imaging Group, KULeuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Colinda Lgj Scheele
- Laboratory of Intravital Microscopy and Dynamics of Tumor Progression, Department of Oncology, KULeuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
- Laboratory of Intravital Microscopy and Dynamics of Tumor Progression, VIB Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Bella B Manshian
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, Translational Cell and Tissue Research Unit, KULeuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
- Leuven Cancer Institute, KULeuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Stefaan J Soenen
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, NanoHealth and Optical Imaging Group, KULeuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
- Leuven Cancer Institute, KULeuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
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2
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Hoes L, Voordeckers K, Dok R, Boeckx B, Steemans B, Gopaul D, Pasero P, Govers SK, Lambrechts D, Nuyts S, Verstrepen KJ. Ethanol induces replication fork stalling and membrane stress in immortalized laryngeal cells. iScience 2023; 26:108564. [PMID: 38213791 PMCID: PMC10783606 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Although ethanol is a class I carcinogen and is linked to more than 700,000 cancer incidences, a clear understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying ethanol-related carcinogenesis is still lacking. Further understanding of ethanol-related cell damage can contribute to reducing or treating alcohol-related cancers. Here, we investigated the effects of both short- and long-term exposure of human laryngeal epithelial cells to different ethanol concentrations. RNA sequencing shows that ethanol altered gene expression patterns in a time- and concentration-dependent way, affecting genes involved in ribosome biogenesis, cytoskeleton remodeling, Wnt signaling, and transmembrane ion transport. Additionally, ethanol induced a slower cell proliferation, a delayed cell cycle progression, and replication fork stalling. In addition, ethanol exposure resulted in morphological changes, which could be associated with membrane stress. Taken together, our data yields a comprehensive view of molecular changes associated with ethanol stress in epithelial cells of the upper aerodigestive tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lore Hoes
- Laboratory for Systems Biology, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Microbiology, 3000 Leuven
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, Centre for Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Experimental Radiotherapy, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Karin Voordeckers
- Laboratory for Systems Biology, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Microbiology, 3000 Leuven
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, Centre for Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rüveyda Dok
- Laboratory of Experimental Radiotherapy, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bram Boeckx
- Laboratory of Translational Genetics, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Translational Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bart Steemans
- Laboratory of Microbial Systems Cell Biology, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Diyavarshini Gopaul
- Institute of Human Genetics, CNRS, University of Montpellier, 34396 Montpellier, France
| | - Philippe Pasero
- Institute of Human Genetics, CNRS, University of Montpellier, 34396 Montpellier, France
| | - Sander K. Govers
- Laboratory of Microbial Systems Cell Biology, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Diether Lambrechts
- Laboratory of Translational Genetics, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Translational Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sandra Nuyts
- Laboratory of Experimental Radiotherapy, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, University Hospital Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kevin J. Verstrepen
- Laboratory for Systems Biology, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Microbiology, 3000 Leuven
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, Centre for Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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3
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Lenders V, Escudero R, Koutsoumpou X, Armengol Álvarez L, Rozenski J, Soenen SJ, Zhao Z, Mitragotri S, Baatsen P, Allegaert K, Toelen J, Manshian BB. Modularity of RBC hitchhiking with polymeric nanoparticles: testing the limits of non-covalent adsorption. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:333. [PMID: 35842697 PMCID: PMC9287723 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01544-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Red blood cell (RBC) hitchhiking has great potential in enhancing drug therapy, by improving targeting and reducing rapid clearance of nanoparticles (NPs). However, to improve the potential for clinical translation of RBC hitchhiking, a more thorough understanding of the RBC-NP interface is needed. Here, we evaluate the effects of NP surface parameters on the success and biocompatibility of NP adsorption to extracted RBCs from various species. Major differences in RBC characteristics between rabbit, mouse and human were proven to significantly impact NP adsorption outcomes. Additionally, the effects of NP design parameters, including NP hydrophobicity, zeta potential, surfactant concentration and drug encapsulation, on RBC hitchhiking are investigated. Our studies demonstrate the importance of electrostatic interactions in balancing NP adsorption success and biocompatibility. We further investigated the effect of varying the anti-coagulant used for blood storage. The results presented here offer new insights into the parameters that impact NP adsorption on RBCs that will assist researchers in experimental design choices for using RBC hitchhiking as drug delivery strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Lenders
- Translational Cell and Tissue Research Unit, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B3000, Louvain, Belgium
| | - Remei Escudero
- Translational Cell and Tissue Research Unit, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B3000, Louvain, Belgium
| | - Xanthippi Koutsoumpou
- Translational Cell and Tissue Research Unit, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B3000, Louvain, Belgium
| | - Laura Armengol Álvarez
- Medicinal Chemistry, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, B3000, Louvain, Belgium
| | - Jef Rozenski
- Medicinal Chemistry, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, B3000, Louvain, Belgium
| | - Stefaan J Soenen
- Translational Cell and Tissue Research Unit, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B3000, Louvain, Belgium
- NanoHealth and Optical Imaging Group, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B3000, Louvain, Belgium
| | - Zongmin Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
- University of Illinois Cancer Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Samir Mitragotri
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA02138, USA
- Wyss Institute of Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA02115, USA
| | - Pieter Baatsen
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research Electron Microscopy Platform of the VIB Bioimaging Core, Louvain, Belgium
- Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, B3000, Louvain, Belgium
| | - Karel Allegaert
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, 3015, CN, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, B3000, Louvain, Belgium
- Leuven Child and Youth Institute, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Woman and Child, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, 3000, Louvain, Belgium
| | - Jaan Toelen
- Leuven Child and Youth Institute, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Woman and Child, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, 3000, Louvain, Belgium
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000, Louvain, Belgium
| | - Bella B Manshian
- Translational Cell and Tissue Research Unit, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B3000, Louvain, Belgium.
- NanoHealth and Optical Imaging Group, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B3000, Louvain, Belgium.
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Izci M, Maksoudian C, Manshian BB, Soenen SJ. The Use of Alternative Strategies for Enhanced Nanoparticle Delivery to Solid Tumors. Chem Rev 2021; 121:1746-1803. [PMID: 33445874 PMCID: PMC7883342 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 72.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Nanomaterial (NM) delivery to solid tumors has been the focus of intense research for over a decade. Classically, scientists have tried to improve NM delivery by employing passive or active targeting strategies, making use of the so-called enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. This phenomenon is made possible due to the leaky tumor vasculature through which NMs can leave the bloodstream, traverse through the gaps in the endothelial lining of the vessels, and enter the tumor. Recent studies have shown that despite many efforts to employ the EPR effect, this process remains very poor. Furthermore, the role of the EPR effect has been called into question, where it has been suggested that NMs enter the tumor via active mechanisms and not through the endothelial gaps. In this review, we provide a short overview of the EPR and mechanisms to enhance it, after which we focus on alternative delivery strategies that do not solely rely on EPR in itself but can offer interesting pharmacological, physical, and biological solutions for enhanced delivery. We discuss the strengths and shortcomings of these different strategies and suggest combinatorial approaches as the ideal path forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukaddes Izci
- NanoHealth
and Optical Imaging Group, Translational Cell and Tissue Research
Unit, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christy Maksoudian
- NanoHealth
and Optical Imaging Group, Translational Cell and Tissue Research
Unit, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bella B. Manshian
- Translational
Cell and Tissue Research Unit, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stefaan J. Soenen
- NanoHealth
and Optical Imaging Group, Translational Cell and Tissue Research
Unit, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B3000 Leuven, Belgium
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Belderbos S, González-Gómez MA, Cleeren F, Wouters J, Piñeiro Y, Deroose CM, Coosemans A, Gsell W, Bormans G, Rivas J, Himmelreich U. Simultaneous in vivo PET/MRI using fluorine-18 labeled Fe 3O 4@Al(OH) 3 nanoparticles: comparison of nanoparticle and nanoparticle-labeled stem cell distribution. EJNMMI Res 2020; 10:73. [PMID: 32607918 PMCID: PMC7326875 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-020-00655-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have shown potential for treatment of different diseases. However, their working mechanism is still unknown. To elucidate this, the non-invasive and longitudinal tracking of MSCs would be beneficial. Both iron oxide-based nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs) for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and radiotracers for positron emission tomography (PET) have shown potential as in vivo cell imaging agents. However, they are limited by their negative contrast and lack of spatial information as well as short half-life, respectively. In this proof-of-principle study, we evaluated the potential of Fe3O4@Al(OH)3 NPs as dual PET/MRI contrast agents, as they allow stable binding of [18F]F- ions to the NPs and thus, NP visualization and quantification with both imaging modalities. RESULTS 18F-labeled Fe3O4@Al(OH)3 NPs (radiolabeled NPs) or mouse MSCs (mMSCs) labeled with these radiolabeled NPs were intravenously injected in healthy C57Bl/6 mice, and their biodistribution was studied using simultaneous PET/MRI acquisition. While liver uptake of radiolabeled NPs was seen with both PET and MRI, mMSCs uptake in the lungs could only be observed with PET. Even some initial loss of fluoride label did not impair NPs/mMSCs visualization. Furthermore, no negative effects on blood cell populations were seen after injection of either the NPs or mMSCs, indicating good biocompatibility. CONCLUSION We present the application of novel 18F-labeled Fe3O4@Al(OH)3 NPs as safe cell tracking agents for simultaneous PET/MRI. Combining both modalities allows fast and easy NP and mMSC localization and quantification using PET at early time points, while MRI provides high-resolution, anatomic background information and long-term NP follow-up, hereby overcoming limitations of the individual imaging modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Belderbos
- Biomedical MRI, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Manuel Antonio González-Gómez
- NANOMAG Group, Department of Applied Physics, Technological Research Institute, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Frederik Cleeren
- Radiopharmaceutical Research, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jens Wouters
- Molecular Small Animal Imaging Center (MoSAIC), KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Yolanda Piñeiro
- NANOMAG Group, Department of Applied Physics, Technological Research Institute, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Christophe M Deroose
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven/UZ Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - An Coosemans
- Laboratory for Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, ImmunOvar Research Group, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, UZ Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Willy Gsell
- Biomedical MRI, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Guy Bormans
- Radiopharmaceutical Research, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jose Rivas
- NANOMAG Group, Department of Applied Physics, Technological Research Institute, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Uwe Himmelreich
- Biomedical MRI, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
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6
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Böhmert L, Voß L, Stock V, Braeuning A, Lampen A, Sieg H. Isolation methods for particle protein corona complexes from protein-rich matrices. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2020; 2:563-582. [PMID: 36133244 PMCID: PMC9417621 DOI: 10.1039/c9na00537d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Background: Nanoparticles become rapidly encased by a protein layer when they are in contact with biological fluids. This protein shell is called a corona. The composition of the corona has a strong influence on the surface properties of the nanoparticles. It can affect their cellular interactions, uptake and signaling properties. For this reason, protein coronae are investigated frequently as an important part of particle characterization. Main body of the abstract: The protein corona can be analyzed by different methods, which have their individual advantages and challenges. The separation techniques to isolate corona-bound particles from the surrounding matrices include centrifugation, magnetism and chromatographic methods. Different organic matrices, such as blood, blood serum, plasma or different complex protein mixtures, are used and the approaches vary in parameters such as time, concentration and temperature. Depending on the investigated particle type, the choice of separation method can be crucial for the subsequent results. In addition, it is important to include suitable controls to avoid misinterpretation and false-positive or false-negative results, thus allowing the achievement of a valuable protein corona analysis result. Conclusion: Protein corona studies are an important part of particle characterization in biological matrices. This review gives a comparative overview about separation techniques, experimental parameters and challenges which occur during the investigation of the protein coronae of different particle types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Böhmert
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Dept. Food Safety Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10 10589 Berlin Germany +49 (30) 18412-25800
| | - Linn Voß
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Dept. Food Safety Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10 10589 Berlin Germany +49 (30) 18412-25800
| | - Valerie Stock
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Dept. Food Safety Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10 10589 Berlin Germany +49 (30) 18412-25800
| | - Albert Braeuning
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Dept. Food Safety Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10 10589 Berlin Germany +49 (30) 18412-25800
| | - Alfonso Lampen
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Dept. Food Safety Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10 10589 Berlin Germany +49 (30) 18412-25800
| | - Holger Sieg
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Dept. Food Safety Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10 10589 Berlin Germany +49 (30) 18412-25800
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7
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Clegg JR, Irani AS, Ander EW, Ludolph CM, Venkataraman AK, Zhong JX, Peppas NA. Synthetic networks with tunable responsiveness, biodegradation, and molecular recognition for precision medicine applications. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaax7946. [PMID: 31598554 PMCID: PMC6764836 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aax7946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Formulations and devices for precision medicine applications must be tunable and multiresponsive to treat heterogeneous patient populations in a calibrated and individual manner. We engineered modular poly(acrylamide-co-methacrylic acid) copolymers, cross-linked into multiresponsive nanogels with either a nondegradable or degradable disulfide cross-linker, that were customized via orthogonal chemistries to target biomarkers of an individual patient's disease or deliver multiple therapeutic modalities. Upon modification with functional small molecules, peptides, or proteins, these nanomaterials delivered methylene blue with environmental responsiveness, transduced visible light for photothermal therapy, acted as a functional enzyme, or promoted uptake by cells. In addition to quantifying the nanogels' composition, physicochemical characteristics, and cytotoxicity, we used a QCM-D method for characterizing nanomaterial degradation and a high-throughput assay for cellular uptake. In conclusion, we generated a tunable nanogel composition for precision medicine applications and new quantitative protocols for assessing the bioactivity of similar platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- John R. Clegg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Afshan S. Irani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Eric W. Ander
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Catherine M. Ludolph
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | | | - Justin X. Zhong
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Nicholas A. Peppas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
- Institute for Biomaterials, Drug Delivery, and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
- Department of Surgery and Perioperative Care, and Department of Pediatrics, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
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8
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Single identical cell toxicity assay on coordinately ordered patterns. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1065:56-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.02.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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9
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Geißler D, Wegmann M, Jochum T, Somma V, Sowa M, Scholz J, Fröhlich E, Hoffmann K, Niehaus J, Roggenbuck D, Resch-Genger U. An automatable platform for genotoxicity testing of nanomaterials based on the fluorometric γ-H2AX assay reveals no genotoxicity of properly surface-shielded cadmium-based quantum dots. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:13458-13468. [PMID: 31287475 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr01021a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The large number of nanomaterial-based applications emerging in the materials and life sciences and the foreseeable increasing use of these materials require methods that evaluate and characterize the toxic potential of these nanomaterials to keep safety risks to people and environment as low as possible. As nanomaterial toxicity is influenced by a variety of parameters like size, shape, chemical composition, and surface chemistry, high throughput screening (HTS) platforms are recommended for assessing cytotoxicity. Such platforms are not yet available for genotoxicity testing. Here, we present first results obtained for application-relevant nanomaterials using an automatable genotoxicity platform that relies on the quantification of the phosphorylated histone H2AX (γ-H2AX) for detecting DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) and the automated microscope system AKLIDES® for measuring integral fluorescence intensities at different excitation wavelengths. This platform is used to test the genotoxic potential of 30 nm-sized citrate-stabilized gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) as well as micellar encapsulated iron oxide nanoparticles (FeOx-NPs) and different cadmium (Cd)-based semiconductor quantum dots (QDs), thereby also searching for positive and negative controls as reference materials. In addition, the influence of the QD shell composition on the genotoxic potential of these Cd-based QDs was studied, using CdSe cores as well as CdSe/CdS core/shell and CdSe/CdS/ZnS core/shell/shell QDs. Our results clearly revealed the genotoxicity of the Au-NPs and its absence in the FeOx-NPs. The genotoxicity of the Cd-QDs correlates with the shielding of their Cd-containing core, with the core/shell/shell architecture preventing genotoxicity risks. The fact that none of these nanomaterials showed cytotoxicity at the chosen particle concentrations in a conventional cell viability assay underlines the importance of genotoxicity studies to assess the hazardous potential of nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Geißler
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Division 1.2 Biophotonics, Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany.
| | - M Wegmann
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Division 1.2 Biophotonics, Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany. and MEDIPAN GmbH, Ludwig-Erhard-Ring 3, 15827 Dahlewitz, Germany
| | - T Jochum
- Fraunhofer-Zentrum für Angewandte Nanotechnologie CAN, Grindelallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - V Somma
- MEDIPAN GmbH, Ludwig-Erhard-Ring 3, 15827 Dahlewitz, Germany
| | - M Sowa
- MEDIPAN GmbH, Ludwig-Erhard-Ring 3, 15827 Dahlewitz, Germany
| | - J Scholz
- MEDIPAN GmbH, Ludwig-Erhard-Ring 3, 15827 Dahlewitz, Germany
| | - E Fröhlich
- Medizinische Universität Graz, Zentrum für Medizinische Forschung (ZMF), Stiftingtalstrasse 24, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - K Hoffmann
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Division 1.2 Biophotonics, Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany.
| | - J Niehaus
- Medizinische Universität Graz, Zentrum für Medizinische Forschung (ZMF), Stiftingtalstrasse 24, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - D Roggenbuck
- MEDIPAN GmbH, Ludwig-Erhard-Ring 3, 15827 Dahlewitz, Germany and Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty Environment and Natural Sciences, Brandenburg University of Technology, Germany
| | - U Resch-Genger
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Division 1.2 Biophotonics, Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany.
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10
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Manshian BB, Pokhrel S, Mädler L, Soenen SJ. The impact of nanoparticle-driven lysosomal alkalinization on cellular functionality. J Nanobiotechnology 2018; 16:85. [PMID: 30382919 PMCID: PMC6208102 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-018-0413-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The biomedical use of nanosized materials is rapidly gaining interest, which drives the quest to elucidate the behavior of nanoparticles (NPs) in a biological environment. Apart from causing direct cell death, NPs can affect cellular wellbeing through a wide range of more subtle processes that are often overlooked. Here, we aimed to study the effect of two biomedically interesting NP types on cellular wellbeing. RESULTS In the present work, gold and SiO2 NPs of similar size and surface charge are used and their interactions with cultured cells is studied. Initial screening shows that at subcytotoxic conditions gold NPs induces cytoskeletal aberrations while SiO2 NPs do not. However, these transformations are only transient. In-depth investigation reveals that Au NPs reduce lysosomal activity by alkalinization of the lysosomal lumen. This leads to an accumulation of autophagosomes, resulting in a reduced cellular degradative capacity and less efficient clearance of damaged mitochondria. The autophagosome accumulation induces Rac and Cdc42 activity, and at a later stage activates RhoA. These transient cellular changes also affect cell functionality, where Au NP-labelled cells display significantly impeded cell migration and invasion. CONCLUSIONS These data highlight the importance of in-depth understanding of bio-nano interactions to elucidate how one biological parameter (impact on cellular degradation) can induce a cascade of different effects that may have significant implications on the further use of labeled cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bella B Manshian
- NanoHealth and Optical Imaging Group, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Molecular Small Animal Imaging Center, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Suman Pokhrel
- Foundation Institute of Materials Science (IWT), Department of Production Engineering, University of Bremen, 28359, Bremen, Germany.,Leibniz Institute for Materials Engineering IWT, Badgasteiner Str. 3, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Lutz Mädler
- Foundation Institute of Materials Science (IWT), Department of Production Engineering, University of Bremen, 28359, Bremen, Germany.,Leibniz Institute for Materials Engineering IWT, Badgasteiner Str. 3, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Stefaan J Soenen
- NanoHealth and Optical Imaging Group, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. .,Molecular Small Animal Imaging Center, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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11
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Filali S, Geloën A, Lysenko V, Pirot F, Miossec P. Live-stream characterization of cadmium-induced cell death using visible CdTe-QDs. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12614. [PMID: 30135565 PMCID: PMC6105671 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31077-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Characterization of cell death currently requires the use of indirect markers, which has largely limited the ability to monitor cell death processes inside the cell. Here, we introduce a new method for the characterization of cell death mechanisms using cadmium telluride quantum dots (CdTe-QDs). Using visible CdTe-QDs with mesenchymal cells (e.g. synoviocytes), live-stream imaging allowed for visualization of cadmium-induced cell death, combining characteristics of apoptosis and autophagy. Initially, similar anti-proliferative effect was observed between 10 µg/ml Cd2+ and CdTe-QDs at 24 h (cell index/cell density ratio decreased from 0.6 to −16.6, p < 0.05) using techniques that do not require the capacity of CdTe-QDs. Apoptosis was confirmed by the quantification of morphological parameters (reduced surface area, increased cell thickness) and positive labeling with annexin V. Autophagy was confirmed by monodansylcadaverine staining, identifying similar autophagic vacuoles with both Cd2+ and CdTe-QD. However, QD imaging allowed for visualization of cadmium elements inside cell structures and their kinetic changes leading to cell death. Cell death characteristics were similar in inflammatory and non-inflammatory environment but were induced up to 4 h earlier in the former. Therefore, live-stream imaging of a visible cytotoxic agent has useful applications not currently possible with indirect methods, including chronological monitoring of cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Filali
- Immunogenomics and Inflammation Research Unit EA 4130, Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, University of Lyon, Lyon, France.,Laboratory of Research and Development of Industrial Galenic Pharmacy and Laboratory of Tissue Biology and Therapeutic Engineering UMR-CNRS 5305, Pharmacy Department, FRIPHARM Platform, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Alain Geloën
- CarMeN laboratory, INRA UMR1397, INSERM U1060, INSA Lyon, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Vladimir Lysenko
- Nanotechnology Institute of Lyon, UMR-CNRS 5270, INSA Lyon, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Fabrice Pirot
- Laboratory of Research and Development of Industrial Galenic Pharmacy and Laboratory of Tissue Biology and Therapeutic Engineering UMR-CNRS 5305, Pharmacy Department, FRIPHARM Platform, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Pierre Miossec
- Immunogenomics and Inflammation Research Unit EA 4130, Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, University of Lyon, Lyon, France.
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12
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Manshian BB, Poelmans J, Saini S, Pokhrel S, Grez JJ, Himmelreich U, Mädler L, Soenen SJ. Nanoparticle-induced inflammation can increase tumor malignancy. Acta Biomater 2018; 68:99-112. [PMID: 29274476 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Nanomaterials, such as aluminum oxide, have been regarded with high biomedical promise as potential immune adjuvants in favor of their bulk counterparts. For pathophysiological conditions where elevated immune activity already occurs, the contribution of nanoparticle-activated immune reactions remains unclear. Here, we investigated the effect of spherical and wire-shaped aluminum oxide nanoparticles on primary splenocytes and observed a clear pro-inflammatory effect of both nanoparticles, mainly for the high aspect ratio nanowires. The nanoparticles resulted in a clear activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, and also secreted transforming growth factor β. When cancer cells were exposed to these cytokines, this resulted in an increased level of epithelial-to-mesenchymal-transition, a hallmark for cancer metastasis, which did not occur when the cancer cells were directly exposed to the nanoparticles themselves. Using a syngeneic tumor model, the level of inflammation and degree of lung metastasis were significantly increased when the animals were exposed to the nanoparticles, particularly for the nanowires. This effect could be abrogated by treating the animals with inflammatory inhibitors. Collectively, these data indicate that the interaction of nanoparticles with immune cells can have secondary effects that may aggravate pathophysiological conditions, such as cancer malignancy, and conditions must be carefully selected to finely tune the induced aspecific inflammation into cancer-specific antitumor immunity. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Many different types of nanoparticles have been shown to possess immunomodulatory properties, depending on their physicochemical parameters. This can potentially be harnessed as a possible antitumor therapy. However, in the current work we show that inflammation elicited by nanomaterials can have grave effects in pathophysiological conditions, where non-specific inflammation was found to increase cancer cell mobility and tumor malignancy. These data show that immunomodulatory properties of nanomaterials must be carefully controlled to avoid any undesired side-effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bella B Manshian
- Biomedical MRI Unit/MoSAIC, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jennifer Poelmans
- Biomedical MRI Unit/MoSAIC, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Shweta Saini
- Biomedical MRI Unit/MoSAIC, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Suman Pokhrel
- Foundation Institute of Materials Science (IWT), Department of Production Engineering, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Julio Jiménez Grez
- Organ Systems, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B3000 Leuven, Belgium; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Uwe Himmelreich
- Biomedical MRI Unit/MoSAIC, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lutz Mädler
- Foundation Institute of Materials Science (IWT), Department of Production Engineering, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Stefaan J Soenen
- Biomedical MRI Unit/MoSAIC, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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13
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Qiu TA, Clement PL, Haynes CL. Linking nanomaterial properties to biological outcomes: analytical chemistry challenges in nanotoxicology for the next decade. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:12787-12803. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc06473c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This article provides our perspective on the analytical challenges in nanotoxicology as the field is entering its third decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian A. Qiu
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Minnesota
- Minneapolis
- USA
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14
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Manshian BB, Pokhrel S, Himmelreich U, Tämm K, Sikk L, Fernández A, Rallo R, Tamm T, Mädler L, Soenen SJ. In Silico Design of Optimal Dissolution Kinetics of Fe-Doped ZnO Nanoparticles Results in Cancer-Specific Toxicity in a Preclinical Rodent Model. Adv Healthc Mater 2017; 6. [PMID: 28230930 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201601379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells have unique but widely varying characteristics that have proven them difficult to be treated by classical therapeutics and calls for novel and selective treatment options. Nanomaterials (NMs) have been shown to display biological effects as a function of their chemical composition, and the extent and exact nature of these effects can vary between different biological environments. Here, ZnO NMs are doped with increasing levels of Fe, which allows to finely tune their dissolution rate resulting in significant differences in their biological behavior on cancer or normal cells. Based on in silico analysis, 2% Fe-doped ZnO NMs are found to be optimal to cause selective cancer cell death, which is confirmed in both cultured cells and syngeneic tumor models, where they also reduce metastasis formation. These results show that upon tuning NM chemical composition, NMs can be designed as a targeted selective anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bella B. Manshian
- Department of Imaging and Pathology KU Leuven Herestraat 49 B3000 Leuven Belgium
| | - Suman Pokhrel
- Foundation Institute of Materials Science (IWT) Department of Production Engineering University of Bremen 28359 Bremen Germany
| | - Uwe Himmelreich
- Department of Imaging and Pathology KU Leuven Herestraat 49 B3000 Leuven Belgium
| | - Kaido Tämm
- Department of Chemistry University of Tartu Ravila 14a, 50411 Estonia
| | - Lauri Sikk
- Department of Chemistry University of Tartu Ravila 14a, 50411 Estonia
| | - Alberto Fernández
- Departament d'Enginyeria Quimica Universitat Rovira i Virgili Av. Paisos Catalans, 26 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Robert Rallo
- Departament d'Enginyeria Informatica i Matematiques Universitat Rovira i Virgili Av. Paisos Catalans 26 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Tarmo Tamm
- Institute of Technology University of Tartu Nooruse 1 Tartu 50411 Estonia
| | - Lutz Mädler
- Foundation Institute of Materials Science (IWT) Department of Production Engineering University of Bremen 28359 Bremen Germany
| | - Stefaan J. Soenen
- Department of Imaging and Pathology KU Leuven Herestraat 49 B3000 Leuven Belgium
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15
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Manshian BB, Jiménez J, Himmelreich U, Soenen SJ. Personalized medicine and follow-up of therapeutic delivery through exploitation of quantum dot toxicity. Biomaterials 2017; 127:1-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 02/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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16
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Manshian BB, Jimenez J, Himmelreich U, Soenen SJ. Presence of an Immune System Increases Anti-Tumor Effect of Ag Nanoparticle Treated Mice. Adv Healthc Mater 2017; 6. [PMID: 27885834 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201601099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
To date, most nanomedical studies rely on the use of immune-deficient mice in which the contribution of the immune system on the applied therapy is ignored. Here, the degradation of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) is exploited as a means to treat subcutaneous tumor models in mice. To investigate the impact of the immune system, the same tumor cell type (KLN 205 murine squamous cell carcinoma) is used in a xenograft model in NOD SCIDγ immune-deficient mice and as a syngeneic model in immune-competent DBA/2 mice. The Ag NPs are screened for their cytotoxicity on various cancer cell lines, indicating a concentration-dependent induction of oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, and autophagy on all cell types tested. At subcytotoxic concentrations, prolonged cellular exposure to the Ag NPs results in toxicity due to NP degradation and the generation of toxic Ag+ ions. At subcytotoxic conditions, the NPs are found to cause inflammation in vitro. Similar results are obtained in the immune-competent mouse model, where clear inflammation is observed after treatment of the implanted tumors with Ag NPs. This inflammation leads to an ongoing antitumoral effect, which results in a significantly reduced tumor growth compared to Ag NP-treated tumors in an immune-deficient model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bella B. Manshian
- Biomedical MRI Unit; KU Leuven; Department of Imaging and Pathology; Herestraat 49 B3000 Leuven Belgium
| | - Julio Jimenez
- Organ Systems; Department of Development and Regeneration; KU Leuven; Herestraat 49 B3000 Leuven Belgium
| | - Uwe Himmelreich
- Biomedical MRI Unit; KU Leuven; Department of Imaging and Pathology; Herestraat 49 B3000 Leuven Belgium
| | - Stefaan J. Soenen
- Biomedical MRI Unit; KU Leuven; Department of Imaging and Pathology; Herestraat 49 B3000 Leuven Belgium
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17
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Manshian BB, Himmelreich U, Soenen SJ. Standard Cellular Testing Conditions Generate an Exaggerated Nanoparticle Cytotoxicity Profile. Chem Res Toxicol 2016; 30:595-603. [PMID: 27982583 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.6b00340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Cellular internalization of nanoparticles (NPs) is key to many biomedical applications and serves as a model to investigate the potential toxicity of NPs on entire organisms. Large discrepancies between in vitro and in vivo nanotoxicity data however exist, suggesting that cellular systems may not be optimal for predictive in vivo toxicology. Here, we use validated multiparametric high-content imaging protocols to evaluate the impact of common cell culture conditions on NP cytotoxicity studies. The data show that high NP to cell ratios, typical for cellular studies, stress the cells by high endocytosis levels that overstimulate mitochondria, resulting in oxidative stress-mediated mitochondrial damage, which induces autophagy. Using proliferation-restricted models, we show that lowering endocytosis levels overcomes most toxicity while resulting in higher final cellular NP numbers. The data suggest that many common NP cytotoxicity mechanisms may partially be an artifact caused by overstimulated endocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bella B Manshian
- MoSAIC/Biomedical MRI Unit, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven , Herestraat 49, B3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Uwe Himmelreich
- MoSAIC/Biomedical MRI Unit, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven , Herestraat 49, B3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stefaan J Soenen
- MoSAIC/Biomedical MRI Unit, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven , Herestraat 49, B3000 Leuven, Belgium
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18
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Mitchell HD, Markillie LM, Chrisler WB, Gaffrey MJ, Hu D, Szymanski CJ, Xie Y, Melby ES, Dohnalkova A, Taylor RC, Grate EK, Cooley SK, McDermott JE, Heredia-Langner A, Orr G. Cells Respond to Distinct Nanoparticle Properties with Multiple Strategies As Revealed by Single-Cell RNA-Seq. ACS NANO 2016; 10:10173-10185. [PMID: 27788331 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b05452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The impact of distinct nanoparticle (NP) properties on cellular response and ultimately human health is unclear. This gap is partially due to experimental difficulties in achieving uniform NP loads in the studied cells, creating heterogeneous populations with some cells "overloaded" while other cells are loaded with few or no NPs. Yet gene expression studies have been conducted in the population as a whole, identifying generic responses, while missing unique responses due to signal averaging across many cells, each carrying different loads. Here, we applied single-cell RNA-Seq to alveolar epithelial cells carrying defined loads of aminated or carboxylated quantum dots (QDs), showing higher or lower toxicity, respectively. Interestingly, cells carrying lower loads responded with multiple strategies, mostly with up-regulated processes, which were nonetheless coherent and unique to each QD type. In contrast, cells carrying higher loads responded more uniformly, with mostly down-regulated processes that were shared across QD types. Strategies unique to aminated QDs showed strong up-regulation of stress responses, coupled in some cases with regulation of cell cycle, protein synthesis, and organelle activities. In contrast, strategies unique to carboxylated QDs showed up-regulation of DNA repair and RNA activities and decreased regulation of cell division, coupled in some cases with up-regulation of stress responses and ATP-related functions. Together, our studies suggest scenarios where higher NP loads lock cells into uniform responses, mostly shutdown of cellular processes, whereas lower loads allow for unique responses to each NP type that are more diversified proactive defenses or repairs of the NP insults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugh D Mitchell
- Earth & Biological Sciences Directorate and ‡National Security Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Lye Meng Markillie
- Earth & Biological Sciences Directorate and ‡National Security Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - William B Chrisler
- Earth & Biological Sciences Directorate and ‡National Security Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Matthew J Gaffrey
- Earth & Biological Sciences Directorate and ‡National Security Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Dehong Hu
- Earth & Biological Sciences Directorate and ‡National Security Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Craig J Szymanski
- Earth & Biological Sciences Directorate and ‡National Security Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Yumei Xie
- Earth & Biological Sciences Directorate and ‡National Security Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Eric S Melby
- Earth & Biological Sciences Directorate and ‡National Security Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Alice Dohnalkova
- Earth & Biological Sciences Directorate and ‡National Security Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Ronald C Taylor
- Earth & Biological Sciences Directorate and ‡National Security Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Eva K Grate
- Earth & Biological Sciences Directorate and ‡National Security Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Scott K Cooley
- Earth & Biological Sciences Directorate and ‡National Security Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Jason E McDermott
- Earth & Biological Sciences Directorate and ‡National Security Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Alejandro Heredia-Langner
- Earth & Biological Sciences Directorate and ‡National Security Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Galya Orr
- Earth & Biological Sciences Directorate and ‡National Security Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland, Washington 99352, United States
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19
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Cunha-Matos CA, Millington OR, Wark AW, Zagnoni M. Real-time assessment of nanoparticle-mediated antigen delivery and cell response. LAB ON A CHIP 2016; 16:3374-3381. [PMID: 27455884 DOI: 10.1039/c6lc00599c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Nanomaterials are increasingly being developed for applications in biotechnology, including the delivery of therapeutic drugs and of vaccine antigens. However, there is a lack of screening systems that can rapidly assess the dynamics of nanoparticle uptake and their consequential effects on cells. Established in vitro approaches are often carried out on a single time point, rely on time-consuming bulk measurements and are based primarily on populations of cell lines. As such, these procedures provide averaged results, do not guarantee precise control over the delivery of nanoparticles to cells and cannot easily generate information about the dynamics of nanoparticle-cell interactions and/or nanoparticle-mediated compound delivery. Combining microfluidics and nanotechnology with imaging techniques, we present a microfluidic platform to monitor nanoparticle uptake and intracellular processing in real-time and at the single-cell level. As proof-of-concept application, the potential of such a system for understanding nanovaccine delivery and processing was investigated and we demonstrate controlled delivery of ovalbumin-conjugated gold nanorods to primary dendritic cells. Using time-lapse microscopy, our approach allowed monitoring of uptake and processing of nanoparticles across a range of concentrations over several hours on hundreds of single-cells. This system represents a novel application of single-cell microfluidics for nanomaterial screening, providing a general platform for studying the dynamics of cell-nanomaterial interactions and representing a cost-saving and time-effective screening tool for many nanomaterial formulations and cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlota A Cunha-Matos
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, 106 Rottenrow, Glasgow, G4 0NW, UK
| | - Owain R Millington
- Centre for Biophotonics, Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G4 0RE, UK
| | - Alastair W Wark
- Centre for Molecular Nanometrology, WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Technology and Innovation Centre, University of Strathclyde, 99 George St, Glasgow, G1 1RD, UK
| | - Michele Zagnoni
- Centre for Microsystems and Photonics, Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, 204 George Street, Glasgow, G1 1XW, UK.
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20
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Lin YX, Wang Y, Qiao SL, An HW, Zhang RX, Qiao ZY, Rajapaksha RPYJ, Wang L, Wang H. pH-Sensitive Polymeric Nanoparticles Modulate Autophagic Effect via Lysosome Impairment. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2016; 12:2921-31. [PMID: 27120078 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201503709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Revised: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
In drug delivery systems, pH-sensitive polymers are commonly used as drug carriers, and significant efforts have been devoted to the aspects of controlled delivery and release of drugs. However, few studies address the possible autophagic effects on cells. Here, for the first time, using a fluorescent autophagy-reporting cell line, this study evaluates the autophagy-induced capabilities of four types of pH-sensitive polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) with different physical properties, including size, surface modification, and pH-sensitivity. Based on experimental results, this study concludes that pH-sensitivity is one of the most important factors in autophagy induction. In addition, this study finds that variation of concentration of NPs could cause different autophagic effect, i.e., low concentration of NPs induces autophagy in an mTOR-dependent manner, but high dose of NPs leads to autophagic cell death. Identification of this tunable autophagic effect offers a novel strategy for enhancing therapeutic effect in cancer therapy through modulation of autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Xin Lin
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), No. 11 Beiyitiao, Zhongguancun, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science (UCAS), No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Wang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), No. 11 Beiyitiao, Zhongguancun, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science (UCAS), No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, China
| | - Sheng-Lin Qiao
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), No. 11 Beiyitiao, Zhongguancun, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science (UCAS), No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Wei An
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), No. 11 Beiyitiao, Zhongguancun, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science (UCAS), No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, China
| | - Ruo-Xin Zhang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), No. 11 Beiyitiao, Zhongguancun, Beijing, China
| | - Zeng-Ying Qiao
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), No. 11 Beiyitiao, Zhongguancun, Beijing, China
| | - R P Y J Rajapaksha
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), No. 11 Beiyitiao, Zhongguancun, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Wang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), No. 11 Beiyitiao, Zhongguancun, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Wang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), No. 11 Beiyitiao, Zhongguancun, Beijing, China
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21
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del Pino P, Yang F, Pelaz B, Zhang Q, Kantner K, Hartmann R, Martinez de Baroja N, Gallego M, Möller M, Manshian BB, Soenen SJ, Riedel R, Hampp N, Parak WJ. Basic Physicochemical Properties of Polyethylene Glycol Coated Gold Nanoparticles that Determine Their Interaction with Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:5483-7. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201511733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Revised: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo del Pino
- Fachbereich Physik Philipps Universität Marburg Marburg Germany
- CIC biomaGUNE San Sebastian Spain
| | - Fang Yang
- Fachbereich Chemie Philipps Universität Marburg Marburg Germany
| | - Beatriz Pelaz
- Fachbereich Physik Philipps Universität Marburg Marburg Germany
| | - Qian Zhang
- Fachbereich Physik Philipps Universität Marburg Marburg Germany
| | - Karsten Kantner
- Fachbereich Physik Philipps Universität Marburg Marburg Germany
| | - Raimo Hartmann
- Fachbereich Physik Philipps Universität Marburg Marburg Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | - René Riedel
- Fachbereich Chemie Philipps Universität Marburg Marburg Germany
| | - Norbert Hampp
- Fachbereich Chemie Philipps Universität Marburg Marburg Germany
| | - Wolfgang J. Parak
- Fachbereich Physik Philipps Universität Marburg Marburg Germany
- CIC biomaGUNE San Sebastian Spain
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del Pino P, Yang F, Pelaz B, Zhang Q, Kantner K, Hartmann R, Martinez de Baroja N, Gallego M, Möller M, Manshian BB, Soenen SJ, Riedel R, Hampp N, Parak WJ. Basic Physicochemical Properties of Polyethylene Glycol Coated Gold Nanoparticles that Determine Their Interaction with Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201511733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo del Pino
- Fachbereich Physik Philipps Universität Marburg Marburg Germany
- CIC biomaGUNE San Sebastian Spain
| | - Fang Yang
- Fachbereich Chemie Philipps Universität Marburg Marburg Germany
| | - Beatriz Pelaz
- Fachbereich Physik Philipps Universität Marburg Marburg Germany
| | - Qian Zhang
- Fachbereich Physik Philipps Universität Marburg Marburg Germany
| | - Karsten Kantner
- Fachbereich Physik Philipps Universität Marburg Marburg Germany
| | - Raimo Hartmann
- Fachbereich Physik Philipps Universität Marburg Marburg Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | - René Riedel
- Fachbereich Chemie Philipps Universität Marburg Marburg Germany
| | - Norbert Hampp
- Fachbereich Chemie Philipps Universität Marburg Marburg Germany
| | - Wolfgang J. Parak
- Fachbereich Physik Philipps Universität Marburg Marburg Germany
- CIC biomaGUNE San Sebastian Spain
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