1
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Dechamps S, Nguyen VH, Charlier JC. Lateral junctions of transition metal dichalcogenides as ballistic channels for straintronic applications. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 35:175201. [PMID: 38211329 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad1d78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
In the context of advanced nanoelectronics, two-dimensional semiconductors such as transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are gaining considerable interest due to their ultimate thinness, clean surface and high carrier mobility. The engineering prospects offered by those materials are further enlarged by the recent realization of atomically sharp TMD-based lateral junctions, whose electronic properties are governed by strain effects arising from the constituents lattice mismatch. Although most theoretical studies considered only misfit strain, first-principles simulations are employed here to investigate the transport properties under external deformation of a three-terminal device constructed from a MoS2/WSe2/MoS2junction. Large modulation of the current is reported owing to the change in band offset, illustrating the importance of strain on the p-n junction characteristics. The device operation is demonstrated for both local and global deformations, even for ultra-short channels, suggesting potential applications for ultra-thin body straintronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Dechamps
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, IRIG-MEM, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Viet-Hung Nguyen
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Chemin des étoiles 8, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Jean-Christophe Charlier
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Chemin des étoiles 8, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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2
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Tsai MY, Tsai TH, Gandhi AC, Lu HL, Li JX, Chen PL, Chen KW, Chen SZ, Chen CH, Liu CH, Lin YF, Chiu PW. Ultrafast and Broad-Band Graphene Heterojunction Photodetectors with High Gain. ACS NANO 2023; 17:25037-25044. [PMID: 38096421 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c07665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Graphene possesses an exotic band structure that spans a wide range of important technological wavelength regimes for photodetection, all within a single material. Conventional methods aimed at enhancing detection efficiency often suffer from an extended response time when the light is switched off. The task of achieving ultrafast broad-band photodetection with a high gain remains challenging. Here, we propose a devised architecture that combines graphene with a photosensitizer composed of an alternating strip superstructure of WS2-WSe2. Upon illumination, n+-WS2 and p+-WSe2 strips create alternating electron- and hole-conduction channels in graphene, effectively overcoming the tradeoff between the responsivity and switch time. This configuration allows for achieving a responsivity of 1.7 × 107 mA/W, with an extrinsic response time of 3-4 μs. The inclusion of the superstructure booster enables photodetection across a wide range from the near-ultraviolet to mid-infrared regime and offers a distinctive photogating route for high responsivity and fast temporal response in the pursuit of broad-band detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Yu Tsai
- Institute of Electronics Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- Department of Physics, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Han Tsai
- Institute of Electronics Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | | | - Hsueh-Lung Lu
- Institute of Electronics Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Xin Li
- Institute of Electronics Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Po-Liang Chen
- Institute of Electronics Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Wen Chen
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Sun-Zen Chen
- Center for Nanotechnology, Materials Science and Microsystem, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hao Chen
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Hua Liu
- Institute of Electronics Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Fu Lin
- Department of Physics, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Po-Wen Chiu
- Institute of Electronics Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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3
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Chou HC, Zhang XQ, Shiau SY, Chien CH, Tang PW, Sung CT, Chang YC, Lee YH, Chen C. Near-field spectroscopic imaging of exciton quenching at atomically sharp MoS 2/WS 2 lateral heterojunctions. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:6323-6330. [PMID: 35297443 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr00216g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Heterojunctions made by laterally stitching two different transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers create a unique one-dimensional boundary with intriguing local optical properties that can only be characterized by nanoscale-spatial-resolution spectral tools. Here, we use near-field photoluminescence (NF-PL) to reveal the narrowest region (105 nm) ever reported of photoluminescence quenching at the junction of a laterally stitched WS2/MoS2 monolayer. We attribute this quenching to the atomically sharp band offset that generates a strong electric force at the junction to easily dissociate excitons. Besides the sharp heterojunction, a model considering various widths of the alloying interfacial region under low or high optical pumping is presented. With a spatial resolution six times better than that of confocal microscopy, NF-PL provides an unprecedented spectral tool for non-scalable 1D lateral heterojunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- He-Chun Chou
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan.
| | - Xin-Quan Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan.
| | - Shiue-Yuan Shiau
- Physics Division, National Center for Theoretical Sciences, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hang Chien
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan.
| | - Po-Wen Tang
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan.
| | - Chun-Te Sung
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan.
| | - Yia-Chung Chang
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Hsien Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan.
| | - Chi Chen
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan.
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4
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Li JW, Ke SS, Deng HX, Sun X, Guo Y, Lü HF. Defect modulated electronic structure and magnetism in the 1T′ phase of Janus MoSSe. Chem Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2021.111440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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5
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Giuffredi G, Asset T, Liu Y, Atanassov P, Di Fonzo F. Transition Metal Chalcogenides as a Versatile and Tunable Platform for Catalytic CO 2 and N 2 Electroreduction. ACS MATERIALS AU 2021; 1:6-36. [PMID: 36855615 PMCID: PMC9888655 DOI: 10.1021/acsmaterialsau.1c00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Group VI transition metal chalcogenides are the subject of increasing research interest for various electrochemical applications such as low-temperature water electrolysis, batteries, and supercapacitors due to their high activity, chemical stability, and the strong correlation between structure and electrochemical properties. Particularly appealing is their utilization as electrocatalysts for the synthesis of energy vectors and value-added chemicals such as C-based chemicals from the CO2 reduction reaction (CO2R) or ammonia from the nitrogen fixation reaction (NRR). This review discusses the role of structural and electronic properties of transition metal chalcogenides in enhancing selectivity and activity toward these two key reduction reactions. First, we discuss the morphological and electronic structure of these compounds, outlining design strategies to control and fine-tune them. Then, we discuss the role of the active sites and the strategies developed to enhance the activity of transition metal chalcogenide-based catalysts in the framework of CO2R and NRR against the parasitic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER); leveraging on the design rules applied for HER applications, we discuss their future perspective for the applications in CO2R and NRR. For these two reactions, we comprehensively review recent progress in unveiling reaction mechanisms at different sites and the most effective strategies for fabricating catalysts that, by exploiting the structural and electronic peculiarities of transition metal chalcogenides, can outperform many metallic compounds. Transition metal chalcogenides outperform state-of-the-art catalysts for CO2 to CO reduction in ionic liquids due to the favorable CO2 adsorption on the metal edge sites, whereas the basal sites, due to their conformation, represent an appealing design space for reduction of CO2 to complex carbon products. For the NRR instead, the resemblance of transition metal chalcogenides to the active centers of nitrogenase enzymes represents a powerful nature-mimicking approach for the design of catalysts with enhanced performance, although strategies to hinder the HER must be integrated in the catalytic architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Giuffredi
- Center
for Nano Science and Technology, Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT@Polimi), Via Pascoli 70/3, 20133 Milano, Italy,Department
of Energy, Politecnico di Milano, Via Lambruschini 4, 20156 Milano, Italy
| | - Tristan Asset
- Department
of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering and National Fuel Cell
Research Center, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2580, United States
| | - Yuanchao Liu
- Department
of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering and National Fuel Cell
Research Center, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2580, United States
| | - Plamen Atanassov
- Department
of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering and National Fuel Cell
Research Center, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2580, United States
| | - Fabio Di Fonzo
- Center
for Nano Science and Technology, Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT@Polimi), Via Pascoli 70/3, 20133 Milano, Italy,
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Abstract
Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) is one of the compounds discussed nowadays due to its outstanding properties that allowed its usage in different applications. Its band gap and its distinctive structure make it a promising material to substitute graphene and other semiconductor devices. It has different applications in electronics especially sensors like optical sensors, biosensors, electrochemical biosensors that play an important role in the detection of various diseases’ like cancer and Alzheimer. It has a wide range of energy applications in batteries, solar cells, microwave, and Terahertz applications. It is a promising material on a nanoscale level, with favorable characteristics in spintronics and magnetoresistance. In this review, we will discuss MoS2 properties, structure and synthesis techniques with a focus on its applications and future challenges.
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7
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Zhang RS, Cao HY, Jiang JW. Tunable thermal expansion coefficient of transition-metal dichalcogenide lateral heterostructures. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:405709. [PMID: 32521524 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab9b48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The thermal expansion effect plays an important role in governing the thermal stability or the stable configuration of quasi-two-dimensional atomic layers, where the difference between the thermal expansion coefficient of different kinds of atomic layer in lateral heterostructure may cause strong thermal rippling of the atomic layer. We investigate the thermal expansion phenomenon in the WSe2-MoS2 lateral heterostructure. We find that the thermal expansion coefficient can be enhanced by more than a factor of two via varying the ratio between the WSe2 and MoS2 components in the heterostructure. The underlying mechanism is disclosed to be the buckling of the WSe2 region that is induced by the misfit strain at the coherent interface between WSe2 and MoS2. These findings shall be helpful in handling the thermal stability of functional devices based on the transition-metal dichalcogenide lateral heterostructures and other similar quasi-two-dimensional lateral heterostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Run-Sen Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mechanics in Energy Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, School of Mechanics and Engineering Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, People's Republic of China
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8
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Wei W, Huang B, Dai Y. Photoexcited charge carrier behaviors in solar energy conversion systems from theoretical simulations. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/wcms.1441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wei
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials Shandong University Jinan China
| | - Baibiao Huang
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials Shandong University Jinan China
| | - Ying Dai
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials Shandong University Jinan China
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9
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Jia Z, Shi J, Shang Q, Du W, Shan X, Ge B, Li J, Sui X, Zhong Y, Wang Q, Bao L, Zhang Q, Liu X. Charge-Transfer-Induced Photoluminescence Properties of WSe 2 Monolayer-Bilayer Homojunction. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:20566-20573. [PMID: 31082257 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b06017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The charge-transfer process in transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) lateral homojunction affects the electron-hole recombination process of in optoelectronic devices. However, the optical properties of the homojunction reflecting the charge-transfer process has not been observed and studied. In this work, we investigated the charge-transfer-induced emission properties based on monolayer (1L)-bilayer (2L) WSe2 lateral homojunction with dozens of nanometer monolayer region. On the one hand, the photoluminescence (PL) emission of bilayer WSe2 from the homojunction area blue shifts ∼23 and ∼31 meV for direct and indirect bandgap emission, respectively, compared with the bare WSe2 bilayer region. The blue shift of the emission spectrum in the bilayer WSe2 is ascribed to the decrease in binding energy induced by charge transfer from monolayer to bilayer. On the other hand, the energy shift shows a tendency to increase as the temperature decreases. The energy blue shift is ∼57 meV for direct bandgap emission at 80 K, which is larger than that (∼23 meV) at room temperature. The larger-energy blue shift at low temperature is derived from the larger driving force under larger band offset. Our observations of the unique optical properties induced by efficient charge transfer are very helpful for exploring novel TMDC-based optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhili Jia
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China
| | - Jia Shi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , 19 A Yuquan Rd, Shijingshan District , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Qiuyu Shang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , P. R. China
| | - Wenna Du
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China
| | - Xinyan Shan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics , Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Binghui Ge
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics , Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology , Anhui University , Hefei 230601 , China
| | - Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials , Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Xinyu Sui
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , 19 A Yuquan Rd, Shijingshan District , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Yangguang Zhong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China
| | - Qi Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China
| | - Lihong Bao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics , Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , P. R. China
| | - Xinfeng Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China
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Ávalos-Ovando O, Mastrogiuseppe D, Ulloa SE. Lateral heterostructures and one-dimensional interfaces in 2D transition metal dichalcogenides. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2019; 31:213001. [PMID: 30794993 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab0970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The growth and exfoliation of two-dimensional (2D) materials have led to the creation of edges and novel interfacial states at the juncture between crystals with different composition or phases. These hybrid heterostructures (HSs) can be built as vertical van der Waals stacks, resulting in a 2D interface, or as stitched adjacent monolayer crystals, resulting in one-dimensional (1D) interfaces. Although most attention has been focused on vertical HSs, increasing theoretical and experimental interest in 1D interfaces is evident. In-plane interfacial states between different 2D materials inherit properties from both crystals, giving rise to robust states with unique 1D non-parabolic dispersion and strong spin-orbit effects. With such unique characteristics, these states provide an exciting platform for realizing 1D physics. Here, we review and discuss advances in 1D heterojunctions, with emphasis on theoretical approaches for describing those between semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides MX 2 (with M = Mo, W and X = S, Se, Te), and how the interfacial states can be characterized and utilized. We also address how the interfaces depend on edge geometries (such as zigzag and armchair) or strain, as lattice parameters differ across the interface, and how these features affect excitonic/optical response. This review is intended to serve as a resource for promoting theoretical and experimental studies in this rapidly evolving field.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Ávalos-Ovando
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Nanoscale and Quantum Phenomena Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701-2979, United States of America
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11
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Lv X, Wei W, Zhao P, Li J, Huang B, Dai Y. Tunable Schottky contacts in MSe2/NbSe2 (M = Mo and W) heterostructures and promising application potential in field-effect transistors. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:1897-1903. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp07546d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
MSe2/NbSe2 (M = Mo and W) heterostructures exhibit low and tunable Schottky barriers, indicating promising application potential in field-effect transistors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingshuai Lv
- School of Physics
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials
- Shandong University
- 250100 Jinan
- P. R. China
| | - Wei Wei
- School of Physics
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials
- Shandong University
- 250100 Jinan
- P. R. China
| | - Pei Zhao
- School of Physics
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials
- Shandong University
- 250100 Jinan
- P. R. China
| | - Jinjin Li
- School of Physics
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials
- Shandong University
- 250100 Jinan
- P. R. China
| | - Baibiao Huang
- School of Physics
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials
- Shandong University
- 250100 Jinan
- P. R. China
| | - Ying Dai
- School of Physics
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials
- Shandong University
- 250100 Jinan
- P. R. China
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12
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Carbon quantum dots decorated MoSe 2 photocatalyst for Cr(VI) reduction in the UV–vis-NIR photon energy range. J Colloid Interface Sci 2017; 488:190-195. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2016.10.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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13
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Chu H, Liu X, Liu B, Zhu G, Lei W, Du H, Liu J, Li J, Li C, Sun C. Hexagonal 2H-MoSe 2 broad spectrum active photocatalyst for Cr(VI) reduction. Sci Rep 2016; 6:35304. [PMID: 27734974 PMCID: PMC5062113 DOI: 10.1038/srep35304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
To make full use of the solar energy, exploring broad spectrum active photocatalysts has become one of the core issues for photocatalysis. Here we report a novel hexagonal 2H-MoSe2 photocatalyst with ultraviolet (UV)-visible-near infrared (NIR) light response for the first time. The results indicate that the MoSe2 displays excellent photo-absorption and photocatalytic activity in the reduction of Cr(VI) under UV and visible even NIR light irradiation. MoSe2 synthesized at pH value of 2 achieves the highest Cr(VI) reduction rates of 99%, 91% and 100% under UV, visible and NIR light irradiation, respectively, which should be attributed to its comparatively higher light absorption, efficient charge separation and transfer as well as relatively large number of surface active sites. The excellent broad spectrum active photocatalytic activity makes the MoSe2 to be a promising photocatalyst for the effective utilization of solar energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haipeng Chu
- Institute of Coordination Bond Metrology and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xinjuan Liu
- Institute of Coordination Bond Metrology and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Baibai Liu
- Institute of Coordination Bond Metrology and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Guang Zhu
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Spin Electron and Nanomaterials, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, China
| | - Wenyan Lei
- Institute of Coordination Bond Metrology and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Huigang Du
- Institute of Coordination Bond Metrology and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Junying Liu
- Research Center for Combustion and Environment Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jianwei Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Laser Materials and Devices, Hydrogen energy laboratory, Laboratory for Quantum Design of Functional Material, School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Can Li
- Institute of Coordination Bond Metrology and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Changqing Sun
- Institute of Coordination Bond Metrology and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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