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Tariq JA, Mandokhail K, Sajjad N, Hussain A, Javaid H, Rasool A, Sadaf H, Javaid S, Durrani AR. Effects of Age and Biological Age-Determining Factors on Telomere Length in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:698. [PMID: 38792881 PMCID: PMC11122877 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60050698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Telomere length (TL) undergoes attrition over time, indicating the process of aging, and is linked to a higher risk of diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM-2). This molecular epidemiological study investigated the correlation between leukocyte TL variations and determinants of molecular aging in 121 Pakistani DM-2 patients. Materials and Methods: The ratio of telomere repeats to the SCG copy number was calculated to estimate the TL in each sample through qPCR assays. Results: In this study, smaller mean TLs were observed in 48.8% of males (6.35 ± 0.82 kb), 3.3% of underweight patients (5.77 ± 1.14 kb), 61.2% of patients on regular medication (6.50 ± 0.79 kb), 9.1% with very high stress levels (5.94 ± 0.99 kb), 31.4% of smokers (5.83 ± 0.73 kb), 40.5% of patients with low physical activity (6.47 ± 0.69 kb), 47.9% of hypertensive patients (5.93 ± 0.64 kb), 10.7% of patients with DM-2 for more than 15 years, and 3.3% of patients with a delayed onset of DM-2 (6.00 ± 0.93 kb). Conclusion: This research indicated a significant negative correlation (R2 = 0.143) between TL and the age of DM-2 patients. This study demonstrated that the correlation of telomere length with age in DM-2 patients was also influenced by various age-determining factors, including hypertension and smoking habits, with significant strong (R2 = 0.526) and moderate (R2 = 0.299) correlations, respectively; sex, obesity, the stress level and age at the onset of diabetes with significant weak correlations (R2 = 0.043, 0.041, 0.037, and 0.065, respectively), and no significant correlations of medication routine, rate of physical activity, and the durations of DM-2 with age-adjusted telomere length. These results challenge TL as the sole marker of aging, thus highlighting the need for further research to understand underlying factors and mitigate the effect of aging or premature aging on diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jawaria Ali Tariq
- Department of Biotechnology, Sardar Bahadur Khan Women’s University, Quetta 87300, Pakistan; (J.A.T.); (N.S.); (H.J.); (H.S.); (S.J.)
| | | | - Naheed Sajjad
- Department of Biotechnology, Sardar Bahadur Khan Women’s University, Quetta 87300, Pakistan; (J.A.T.); (N.S.); (H.J.); (H.S.); (S.J.)
| | - Abrar Hussain
- Department of Biotechnology, Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta 87300, Pakistan
| | - Humera Javaid
- Department of Biotechnology, Sardar Bahadur Khan Women’s University, Quetta 87300, Pakistan; (J.A.T.); (N.S.); (H.J.); (H.S.); (S.J.)
| | - Aamir Rasool
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Balochistan, Quetta 87300, Pakistan;
| | - Hummaira Sadaf
- Department of Biotechnology, Sardar Bahadur Khan Women’s University, Quetta 87300, Pakistan; (J.A.T.); (N.S.); (H.J.); (H.S.); (S.J.)
- Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Silesian University of Technology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sadia Javaid
- Department of Biotechnology, Sardar Bahadur Khan Women’s University, Quetta 87300, Pakistan; (J.A.T.); (N.S.); (H.J.); (H.S.); (S.J.)
| | - Abdul Rauf Durrani
- Provincial Reference Laboratory (PRL), Fatima Jinnah General and Chest Hospital, Quetta 87300, Pakistan;
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Chen R, Chen Y, Zhang J, Wang W, Hu W, He M, Zhu Z. Retinal age gap as a predictive biomarker for future risk of clinically significant diabetic retinopathy. Acta Diabetol 2024; 61:373-380. [PMID: 37987832 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-023-02199-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Retinal age derived from fundus images has been verified as a novel ageing biomarker. We aim to explore the association between retinal age gap (retinal age minus chronological age) and incident diabetic retinopathy (DR). METHODS Retinal age prediction was performed by a deep learning model, trained and validated based on 19,200 fundus images of 11,052 disease-free participants. Retinal age gaps were determined for 2311 patients with diabetes who had no history of diabetic retinopathy at baseline. DR events were ascertained by data linkage to hospital admissions. Cox proportional hazards regression models were performed to evaluate the association between retinal age gaps and incident DR. RESULTS During the median follow-up period of 11.0 (interquartile range: 10.8-11.1) years, 183 of 2311 participants with diabetes developed incident DR. Each additional year of the retinal age gap was associated with a 7% increase in the risk of incident DR (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.07, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02-1.12, P = 0.004), after adjusting for confounding factors. Participants with retinal age gaps in the fourth quartile had a significantly higher DR risk compared to participants with retinal age gaps in the lowest quartile (HR = 2.88, 95% CI 1.61-5.15, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS We found that higher retinal age gap was associated with an increased risk of incident DR. As an easy and non-invasive biomarker, the retinal age gap may serve as an informative tool to facilitate the individualized risk assessment and personalized screening protocol for DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiye Chen
- Centre for Eye Research Australia; Ophthalmology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Yanping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junyao Zhang
- Centre for Eye Research Australia; Ophthalmology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenyi Hu
- Centre for Eye Research Australia; Ophthalmology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Mingguang He
- Centre for Eye Research Australia; Ophthalmology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Zhuoting Zhu
- Centre for Eye Research Australia; Ophthalmology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
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Qin B. Can Antidiabetic Medications Affect Telomere Length in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes? A Mini-Review. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2023; 16:3739-3750. [PMID: 38028989 PMCID: PMC10676684 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s428560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The fight against aging is an eternal pursuit of humankind. The aging rate of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is higher than that of healthy individuals. Reducing the aging rate of patients with T2DM and extending their life expectancy are challenges that endocrinologists are eager to overcome. Many studies have shown that antidiabetic medications have potent anti-aging potential. Telomeres are repetitive DNA sequences located at the ends of chromosomes, and telomere shortening is a hallmark of aging. This review summarizes clinical trials that have explored the association between antidiabetic medications and telomere length (TL) in patients with T2DM and explore the mystery of delaying aging in patients with T2DM from the perspective of telomeres. Various antidiabetic medications may have different effects on TL in patients with T2DM. Metformin and sitagliptin may protect telomeres in patients with T2DM, while exogenous insulin may promote telomere shortening in patients with T2DM. The effect of acarbose and glyburide on TL in patients with T2DM is still uncertain due to the absence of evidence from longitudinal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoding Qin
- Department of Endocrinology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
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Telomere Lengths and Serum Proteasome Concentrations in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes and Different Severities of Diabetic Retinopathy in Latvia and Lithuania. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11102768. [PMID: 35628895 PMCID: PMC9146024 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11102768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to compare telomere lengths and circulating proteasome concentrations in patients with different stages of diabetic retinopathy and type 1 diabetes in Latvia and Lithuania. Methods. Patients with no diabetic retinopathy and with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy were included in the NDR/NPDR group (n = 187). Patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy and status post laser-photocoagulation were included int the PDR/LPC group (n = 119). Telomeres were evaluated by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Proteasome concentration was measured by ELISA. Results. Telomeres were longer in PDR/LPC (ΔCT 0.21 (0.12−0.28)) vs. NDR/NPDR (ΔCT 0.18 (0.1−0.28)), p = 0.036. In NDR/NPDR, telomeres were correlated negatively with age (R = −0.17, p = 0.019), BMI (R = −0.21, p = 0.004), waist/hip ratio (R = −0.21, p = 0.005), total cholesterol (R = −0.18, p = 0.021), and low-density cholesterol (R = −0.20, p = 0.010), and positively with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (R = 0.28, p < 0.001). None of the above correlations were observed in PRD/LPC. Proteasome concentrations were lower in PDR/LPC (130 (90−210) ng/mL) vs. NDR/NPDR (150 (100−240) ng/mL), p = 0.024. This correlated negatively with eGFR (R = −0.17, p = 0.025) in the NDR/NPDR group and positively with age (R = 0.23, p = 0.014) and systolic blood pressure (R = 0.20, p = 0.032) in the PRD/LPC group. Telomere lengths did not correlate with proteasome concentrations. Conclusion. Longer telomeres and lower circulating proteasome concentrations are observed in patients with type 1 diabetes and advanced diabetic retinopathy.
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Rai S, Badarinath ARS, George A, Sitaraman S, Bronson SC, Anandt S, Babu KT, Moses A, Saraswathy R, Hande MP. Association of telomere length with diabetes mellitus and idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy in a South Indian population: A pilot study. MUTATION RESEARCH. GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2022; 874-875:503439. [PMID: 35151422 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2021.503439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Telomere shortening has been associated with ageing and with many age-related diseases including cancer, coronary artery disease, heart failure and diabetes. We sought to investigate the link between telomere shortening and age-related diseases like type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) (without any complications: DM; with neuropathic complication: DN) and idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDCM) in south Indian population. We compared telomere lengths of blood lymphocytes taken from patients with associated age-related diseases, namely DM (n = 47), DN (n = 52) and IDCM (n = 34) and controls (n = 46). In addition, we evaluated the relationship between echocardiographic left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular end diastolic and systolic diameters (LVEDd and LVESd) and telomere length in IDCM patients. Telomere length negatively correlated with age in the cohorts with diabetes and IDCM, and in controls. Average telomere length in diabetes and IDCM patients was significantly shorter than that of controls either before or after adjustments for age and sex. Duration of diabetes in patients with type 2 diabetes did not correlate with telomere length. No correlation was found between the length of telomeres and echocardiography parameters like LVEF, LVEDd and LVESd in IDCM patients. Though echocardiographic characteristics of IDCM did not correlate with telomere length, telomere shortening was found to be accelerated in diabetes (both DM and DN) and IDCM in a south Indian population. Neuropathic complication in diabetes had no effect on telomere shortening. While telomere shortening is a cause or a consequence of diabetic and cardiac pathology remains further investigation, the current study substantiates the usefulness of telomere length measurements as a marker in conjunction with other biochemical markers of age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivam Rai
- School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India; Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - A R S Badarinath
- School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Alex George
- School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India; Jubilee Centre for Medical Research, Jubilee Mission Medical College and Research Institute, Thrissur, Kerala, India
| | - Sneha Sitaraman
- School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Stephen Charles Bronson
- Institute of Diabetology, Madras Medical College & Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - K Thirumal Babu
- Heartline Clinic and Research Centre, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Anand Moses
- Institute of Diabetology, Madras Medical College & Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Radha Saraswathy
- School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - M Prakash Hande
- School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India; Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
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Akash C, Prabhu M, Maldar A, Akash P, Mishra S, Madhura TK, Kumar S, Patil RS, Piplani S, Smitha KS. Association of Telomere Length and Serum Vitamin D Levels with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and its Related Complications: A Possible Future Perspective. Genome Integr 2022; 12:2. [PMID: 34976365 PMCID: PMC8656310 DOI: 10.4103/genint.genint_3_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence show that shortened telomere length (TL) and low Vitamin D levels can increase the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its associated complications. T2DM has been considered as an age-related disease, it may be associated with TL. The study aimed to evaluate the association of TL and Vitamin D levels with complications of T2DM and the impact of Vitamin D on TL in patients with T2DM. This 1-year cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital on 90 patients. Height, weight, body mass index, waist-hip ratio was calculated. Fasting blood sugars, postprandial blood sugar, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were analyzed. Absolute TL was obtained from quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Vitamin D estimation was done by chemiluminescent immunoassay. Descriptive analysis of the data was done using R i386 3.6.3. The study found a positive correlation between TL and Vitamin D levels (r = 0.64; P < 0.0001). The interaction with high HbA1c levels and lower levels of Vitamin D led to the shortening of TL (P = 0.0001). The median of TL and mean of Vitamin D levels were significantly less in the diabetic group (P < 0.0001). Vitamin D levels positively affected the TL and its levels had an inverse relation with the HbA1c levels. This association had a significant effect on the shortening of TL. Vitamin D also had a significant association with other diabetic complications that instigated the shortening of TL. Therefore, assessing the role of Vitamin D levels on the shortening of TL can prove to be crucial biomarkers in managing optimal glycemic levels in T2DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Akash
- Department of General Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Belagavi, Karnataka, India
| | - Madhav Prabhu
- Department of General Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Belagavi, Karnataka, India
| | - Arif Maldar
- Department of General Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Belagavi, Karnataka, India
| | - Poornima Akash
- Department of Kayachikitsa (General Medicine), Alva's Ayurveda Medical College, Moodbidri, Karnataka, India
| | - Sanjay Mishra
- Dr. Prabhakar Kore Basic Science Research Centre, Belagavi, Karnataka, India
| | - T K Madhura
- Department of Biochemistry, USM-KLE, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Belagavi, Karnataka India
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Department of General Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Belagavi, Karnataka, India
| | - Rekha S Patil
- Department of General Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Belagavi, Karnataka, India
| | - Shobhit Piplani
- Department of General Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Belagavi, Karnataka, India
| | - K S Smitha
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Belagavi, Karnataka, India
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Malan L, Hamer M, von Känel R, van Wyk RD, Sumner AE, Nilsson PM, Lambert GW, Steyn HS, Badenhorst CJ, Malan NT. A Stress Syndrome Prototype Reflects Type 3 Diabetes and Ischemic Stroke Risk: The SABPA Study. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:162. [PMID: 33670473 PMCID: PMC7922484 DOI: 10.3390/biology10020162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Type 3 diabetes (T3D) accurately reflects that dementia, e.g., Alzheimer's disease, represents insulin resistance and neurodegeneration in the brain. Similar retinal microvascular changes were observed in Alzheimer's and chronic stressed individuals. Hence, we aimed to show that chronic stress relates to T3D dementia signs and retinopathy, ultimately comprising a Stress syndrome prototype reflecting risk for T3D and stroke. A chronic stress and stroke risk phenotype (Stressed) score, independent of age, race or gender, was applied to stratify participants (N = 264; aged 44 ± 9 years) into high stress risk (Stressed, N = 159) and low stress risk (non-Stressed, N = 105) groups. We determined insulin resistance using the homeostatic model assessment (HOMA-IR), which is interchangeable with T3D, and dementia risk markers (cognitive executive functioning (cognitiveexe-func); telomere length; waist circumference (WC), neuronal glia injury; neuron-specific enolase/NSE, S100B). Retinopathy was determined in the mydriatic eye. The Stressed group had greater incidence of HOMA-IR in the upper quartile (≥5), larger WC, poorer cognitiveexe-func control, shorter telomeres, consistently raised neuronal glia injury, fewer retinal arteries, narrower arteries, wider veins and a larger optic cup/disc ratio (C/D) compared to the non-Stressed group. Furthermore, of the stroke risk markers, arterial narrowing was related to glaucoma risk with a greater C/D, whilst retinal vein widening was related to HOMA-IR, poor cognitiveexe-func control and neuronal glia injury (Adjusted R2 0.30; p ≤ 0.05). These associations were not evident in the non-Stressed group. Logistic regression associations between the Stressed phenotype and four dementia risk markers (cognitiveexe-func, telomere length, NSE and WC) comprised a Stress syndrome prototype (area under the curve 0.80; sensitivity/specificity 85%/58%; p ≤ 0.001). The Stress syndrome prototype reflected risk for HOMA-IR (odds ratio (OR) 7.72) and retinal glia ischemia (OR 1.27) and vein widening (OR 1.03). The Stressed phenotype was associated with neuronal glia injury and retinal ischemia, potentiating glaucoma risk. The detrimental effect of chronic stress exemplified a Stress syndrome prototype reflecting risk for type 3 diabetes, neurodegeneration and ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leoné Malan
- Hypertension in Africa Research Team (HART), North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa; (R.v.K.); (N.T.M.)
| | - Mark Hamer
- Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK;
| | - Roland von Känel
- Hypertension in Africa Research Team (HART), North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa; (R.v.K.); (N.T.M.)
- Department of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Roelof D. van Wyk
- Surgical Ophthalmologist, 85 Peter Mokaba Street, Potchefstroom 2531, South Africa;
| | - Anne E. Sumner
- Section on Ethnicity and Health, Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
- National Institute of Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Peter M. Nilsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE-205 02 Malmö, Sweden;
| | - Gavin W. Lambert
- Iverson Health Innovation Research Institute, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia;
- Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Hendrik S. Steyn
- Statistical Consultation Services, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa;
| | - Casper J. Badenhorst
- Anglo American Corporate Services, Sustainable Development Department, Johannesburg 2017, South Africa;
| | - Nico T. Malan
- Hypertension in Africa Research Team (HART), North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa; (R.v.K.); (N.T.M.)
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Huang J, Peng X, Dong K, Tao J, Yang Y. The Association between Antidiabetic Agents and Leukocyte Telomere Length in the Novel Classification of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Gerontology 2020; 67:60-68. [PMID: 33321495 DOI: 10.1159/000511362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to explore the new role of telomere length (TL) in the novel classification of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients driven by cluster analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 541 T2DM patients were divided into 4 subgroups by k-means analysis: mild obesity-related diabetes (MOD), severe insulin-deficient diabetes (SIDD), severe insulin-resistant diabetes (SIRD), and mild age-related diabetes (MARD). After patients with insufficient data were excluded, further analysis was conducted on 246 T2DM patients. The TL was detected using telomere restriction fragment, and the related diabetic indexes were also measured by clinical standard procedures. RESULTS The MARD group had significantly shorter TLs than the MOD and SIDD groups. Then, we subdivided all T2DM patients into the MARD and NONMARD groups, which included the MOD, SIDD, and SIRD groups. The TLs of the MARD group, associated with age, were discovered to be significantly shorter than those of the NONMARD group (p = 0.0012), and this difference in TL disappeared after metformin (p = 0.880) and acarbose treatment (p = 0.058). The linear analysis showed that metformin can more obviously reduce telomere shortening in the MARD group (r = 0.030, 95% CI 0.010-0.051, p = 0.004), and acarbose can more apparently promote telomere attrition in the SIRD group (r = -0.069, 95% CI -0.100 to -0.039, p< 0.001) compared with other T2DM patients after adjusting for age and gender. CONCLUSIONS The MARD group was found to have shorter TLs and benefit more from the antiaging effect of metformin than other T2DM. Shorter TLs were observed in the SIRD group after acarbose use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuemin Peng
- Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kun Dong
- Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Tao
- Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China,
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Wong SK, Ima-Nirwana S, Chin KY. Can telomere length predict bone health? A review of current evidence. Bosn J Basic Med Sci 2020; 20:423-429. [PMID: 32156247 PMCID: PMC7664788 DOI: 10.17305/bjbms.2020.4664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomeres are repetitive DNA sequences located at the end of chromosomes that serve as a protective barrier against chromosomal deterioration during cell division. Approximately 50–200 base pairs of nucleotides are lost per cell division, and new repetitive nucleotides are added by the enzyme telomerase, allowing telomere maintenance. Telomere shortening has been proposed as an indicator for biological aging, but its relationship with age-related osteoporosis is ambiguous. We summarize the current evidence on the relationship between telomere length and bone health in experimental and epidemiological studies, which serve as a scientific reference for the development of novel diagnostic markers of osteoporosis or novel therapeutics targeting telomere and telomerase of bone cells to treat osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sok Kuan Wong
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Soelaiman Ima-Nirwana
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kok-Yong Chin
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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10
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Bonfigli AR, Spazzafumo L, Prattichizzo F, Bonafè M, Mensà E, Micolucci L, Giuliani A, Fabbietti P, Testa R, Boemi M, Lattanzio F, Olivieri F. Leukocyte telomere length and mortality risk in patients with type 2 diabetes. Oncotarget 2018; 7:50835-50844. [PMID: 27437767 PMCID: PMC5239440 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Leukocyte telomere length (LTL) shortening is found in a number of age-related diseases, including type 2 diabetes (T2DM). In this study its possible association with mortality was analyzed in a sample of 568 T2DM patients (mean age 65.9 ± 9 years), who were followed for a median of 10.2 years (interquartile range 2.2). A number of demographic, laboratory and clinical parameters determined at baseline were evaluated as mortality risk factors. LTL was measured by quantitative real-time PCR and reported as T/S (telomere-to-single copy gene ratio). Age, gender, creatinine, diabetes duration at baseline, and LTL were significantly different between T2DM patients who were dead and alive at follow-up. In the Cox regression analysis adjusted for the confounding variables, shorter LTL, older age, and longer disease duration significantly increased the risk of all-cause mortality (HR = 3.45, 95%CI 1.02-12.5, p = 0.004). Kaplan-Maier analysis also found a different cumulative mortality risk for patients having an LTL shorter than the median (T/S ≤0.04) and disease duration longer than the median (>10 years) (log-rank = 11.02, p = 0.011). Time-dependent mortality risk stratification showed that T2DM duration and LTL combined was a fairly good predictor of mortality over the first 76 months of follow-up. In conclusion, LTL combined with clinical parameters can provide additive prognostic information on mortality risk in T2DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Liana Spazzafumo
- Center of Biostatistics, INRCA-IRCCS National Institute, Ancona, Italy
| | | | - Massimiliano Bonafè
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, DIMES, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Emanuela Mensà
- Center of Clinical Pathology and Innovative Therapy, National Institute INRCA-IRCCS, Ancona, Italy
| | - Luigina Micolucci
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Angelica Giuliani
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Paolo Fabbietti
- Center of Biostatistics, INRCA-IRCCS National Institute, Ancona, Italy
| | - Roberto Testa
- Experimental Models in Clinical Pathology, INRCA-IRCCS National Institute, Ancona, Italy
| | - Massimo Boemi
- Metabolic Diseases and Diabetology Unit, INRCA-IRCCS National Institute, Ancona, Italy
| | | | - Fabiola Olivieri
- Center of Clinical Pathology and Innovative Therapy, National Institute INRCA-IRCCS, Ancona, Italy.,Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
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11
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Baltzis D, Meimeti E, Grammatikopoulou MG, Roustit M, Mavrogonatou E, Kletsas D, Efraimidou S, Manes C, Nikolouzakis TK, Tsiaoussis J, Tsatsakis AM, Spandidos DA, Trakatelli CM, Drakoulis N. Assessment of telomerase activity in leukocytes of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients having or not foot ulcer: Possible correlation with other clinical parameters. Exp Ther Med 2018; 15:3420-3424. [PMID: 29616085 PMCID: PMC5876498 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.5798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomerase is the enzyme that maintains telomere length by adding telomeric repeats after each cell division. Numerous metabolic factors such as obesity, insulin resistance or physical inactivity have been associated with shortened telomeres. In the present study, we assessed telomerase activity in diabetic patients having or not foot ulcer. A total of 90 adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were studied. Patients were allocated into two groups according to the absence or presence of active foot ulcers as follows: Νon-ulcer group (N=58) and ulcer group (N=32). Our data revealed that the patients with diabetic ulcers had significantly greater waist circumference and neuropathy disability score, while exhibiting lower telomerase activity, indicating the possible existence of a common clinical profile among ulcer-bearing diabetic patients. Validation of our findings by extending the study in larger patient groups may contribute to the understanding of T2DM pathophysiology and its main clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Baltzis
- Diabetes Center, Papageorgiou General Hospital, 56403 Thessaloniki, Greece.,Third Department of Internal Medicine, Papageorgiou General Hospital, 56403 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Evangelia Meimeti
- Research Group of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria G Grammatikopoulou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Alexander Technological Educational Institute, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Matthieu Roustit
- HP2 Laboratory, University of Grenoble Alpes, 38700 La Tronche Université Grenoble Alpes, France
| | - Eleni Mavrogonatou
- Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Ageing, Institute of Biosciences and Applications, National Centre for Scientific Research 'Demokritos', 15341 Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitris Kletsas
- Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Ageing, Institute of Biosciences and Applications, National Centre for Scientific Research 'Demokritos', 15341 Athens, Greece
| | - Smaragda Efraimidou
- Department of Hematology, Papageorgiou General Hospital, 56403 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Christos Manes
- Diabetes Center, Papageorgiou General Hospital, 56403 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Taxiarchis K Nikolouzakis
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - John Tsiaoussis
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Aristides M Tsatsakis
- Department of Forensic Sciences and Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Demetrios A Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | | | - Nikolaos Drakoulis
- Research Group of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
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12
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Abstract
Purpose Birdshot Uveitis (BU) is an archetypical chronic inflammatory eye disease, with poor visual prognosis, that provides an excellent model for studying chronic inflammation. BU typically affects patients in the fifth decade of life. This suggests that it may represent an age-related chronic inflammatory disease, which has been linked to increased erosion of telomere length of leukocytes. Methods To study this in detail, we exploited a sensitive standardized quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction to determine the peripheral blood leukocyte telomere length (LTL) in 91 genotyped Dutch BU patients and 150 unaffected Dutch controls. Results Although LTL erosion rates were very similar between BU patients and healthy controls, we observed that BU patients displayed longer LTL, with a median of log (LTL) = 4.87 (= 74131 base pair) compared to 4.31 (= 20417 base pair) in unaffected controls (P<0.0001). The cause underpinning the difference in LTL could not be explained by clinical parameters, immune cell-subtype distribution, nor genetic predisposition based upon the computed weighted genetic risk score of genotyped validated variants in TERC, TERT, NAF1, OBFC1 and RTEL1. Conclusions These findings suggest that BU is accompanied by significantly longer LTL.
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