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Biscaccianti V, Fragnaud H, Hascoët JY, Crenn V, Vidal L. Digital chain for pelvic tumor resection with 3D-printed surgical cutting guides. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:991676. [PMID: 36159695 PMCID: PMC9493251 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.991676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Surgical cutting guides are 3D-printed customized tools that help surgeons during complex surgeries. However, there does not seem to be any set methodology for designing these patient-specific instruments. Recent publications using pelvic surgical guides showed various designs with no clearly classified or standardized features. We, thus, developed a systematic digital chain for processing multimodal medical images (CT and MRI), designing customized surgical cutting guides, and manufacturing them using additive manufacturing. The aim of this study is to describe the steps in the conception of surgical cutting guides used in complex oncological bone tumor pelvic resection. We also analyzed the duration of the surgical cutting guide process and tested its ergonomics and usability with orthopedic surgeons using Sawbones models on simulated tumors. The original digital chain made possible a repeatable design of customized tools in short times. Preliminary testing on synthetic bones showed satisfactory results in terms of design usability. The four artificial tumors (Enneking I, Enneking II, Enneking III, and Enneking I+IV) were successfully resected from the Sawbones model using this digital chain with satisfactory ergonomic outcomes. This work validates a new digital chain conception and production of surgical cutting guides. Further works with quantitative margin assessments on anatomical subjects are needed to better assess the design implications of patient-specific surgical cutting guide instruments in pelvic tumor resections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Biscaccianti
- Research Institut in Civil Engineering and Mechanics (GeM), CNRS, UMR 6183, Centrale Nantes, Nantes Université, Nantes, France
| | - Henri Fragnaud
- Department of Orthopedic, Nantes Hospital, CHU Hotel-Dieu, Nantes, France
| | - Jean-Yves Hascoët
- Research Institut in Civil Engineering and Mechanics (GeM), CNRS, UMR 6183, Centrale Nantes, Nantes Université, Nantes, France
| | - Vincent Crenn
- Department of Orthopedic, Nantes Hospital, CHU Hotel-Dieu, Nantes, France
- INSERM UMR 1307, CNRS UMR 6075-Team 9 CHILD (Chromatin and Transcriptional Deregulation in Pediatric Bone Sarcoma), Nantes Université, CRCI2NA (Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes-Angers), Nantes, France
- *Correspondence: Vincent Crenn, ; Luciano Vidal,
| | - Luciano Vidal
- Research Institut in Civil Engineering and Mechanics (GeM), CNRS, UMR 6183, Centrale Nantes, Nantes Université, Nantes, France
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Yang R, Li C, Tu P, Ahmed A, Ji T, Chen X. Development and Application of Digital Maxillofacial Surgery System Based on Mixed Reality Technology. Front Surg 2022; 8:719985. [PMID: 35174201 PMCID: PMC8841731 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2021.719985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To realize the three-dimensional visual output of surgical navigation information by studying the cross-linking of mixed reality display devices and high-precision optical navigators. Methods Applying quaternion-based point alignment algorithms to realize the positioning configuration of mixed reality display devices, high-precision optical navigators, real-time patient tracking and calibration technology; based on open source SDK and development tools, developing mixed reality surgery based on visual positioning and tracking system. In this study, four patients were selected for mixed reality-assisted tumor resection and reconstruction and re-examined 1 month after the operation. We reconstructed postoperative CT and use 3DMeshMetric to form the error distribution map, and completed the error analysis and quality control. Results Realized the cross-linking of mixed reality display equipment and high-precision optical navigator, developed a digital maxillofacial surgery system based on mixed reality technology and successfully implemented mixed reality-assisted tumor resection and reconstruction in 4 cases. Conclusions The maxillofacial digital surgery system based on mixed reality technology can superimpose and display three-dimensional navigation information in the surgeon's field of vision. Moreover, it solves the problem of visual conversion and space conversion of the existing navigation system. It improves the work efficiency of digitally assisted surgery, effectively reduces the surgeon's dependence on spatial experience and imagination, and protects important anatomical structures during surgery. It is a significant clinical application value and potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology/Shanghai Institute of Stomatology, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Head and Neck Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School of Medicine, The Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenyao Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology/Shanghai Institute of Stomatology, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Head and Neck Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School of Medicine, The Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Puxun Tu
- School of Mechanical and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Abdelrehem Ahmed
- Department of Craniomaxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Tong Ji
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology/Shanghai Institute of Stomatology, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Head and Neck Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School of Medicine, The Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Tong Ji
| | - Xiaojun Chen
- School of Mechanical and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
- Xiaojun Chen
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Singh SP, Borthwick KG, Qureshi FM. Commentary: Development of a Computer-Aided Design and Finite Element Analysis Combined Method for Affordable Spine Surgical Navigation With 3D-Printed Customized Template. Front Surg 2021; 8:743290. [PMID: 34631786 PMCID: PMC8495061 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2021.743290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Som P Singh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, United States
| | - Kiera G Borthwick
- Department of Neurosciences, Washington & Lee University, Lexington, VA, United States
| | - Fahad M Qureshi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, United States
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Lo Giudice A, Ronsivalle V, Spampinato C, Leonardi R. Fully automatic segmentation of the mandible based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs). Orthod Craniofac Res 2021; 24 Suppl 2:100-107. [PMID: 34553817 DOI: 10.1111/ocr.12536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the accuracy of automatic deep learning-based method for fully automatic segmentation of the mandible from CBCTs. SETTING AND SAMPLE POPULATION CBCT-derived mandible fully automatic segmentation. METHODS Forty CBCT scans from healthy patients (20 females and 20 males, mean age 23.37 ± 3.34) were collected, and a manual mandible segmentation was carried out by using Mimics software. Twenty CBCT scans were randomly selected and used for training the artificial intelligence model file. The remaining 20 CBCT segmentation masks were used to test the accuracy of the CNN automatic method by comparing the segmentation volumes of the 3D models obtained with automatic and manual segmentations. The accuracy of the CNN-based method was also assessed by using the DICE Score coefficient (DSC) and by the surface-to-surface matching technique. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Dahlberg's formula were used respectively to test the intra-observer reliability and method error. Independent Student's t test was used for between-groups volumetric comparison. RESULTS Measurements were highly correlated with an ICC value of 0.937, while the method error was 0.24 mm3 . A difference of 0.71 (±0.49) cm3 was found between the methodologies, but it was not statistically significant (P > .05). The matching percentage detected was 90.35% (±1.88) (tolerance 0.5 mm) and 96.32% ± 1.97% (tolerance 1.0 mm). The differences, measured as DSC in percentage, between the assessments done with both methods were, respectively, 2.8% and 3.1%. CONCLUSION The tested deep learning CNN-based technology is accurate and performs as well as an experienced image reader but at much higher speed, which is of significant clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Lo Giudice
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Ronsivalle
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Concetto Spampinato
- Department of Computer and Telecommunications Engineering, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Rosalia Leonardi
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Liu L, Ma HY, Yuan QL, Zhao XM, Lou XX, Zhang YG. Biomechanical effects of reconstruction of the posterior structures after laminectomy with an individualized poly-ether-ether-ketone (PEEK) artificial lamina. J Biomater Appl 2020; 35:1327-1336. [PMID: 33349103 DOI: 10.1177/0885328220981191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laminectomy is a traditional method for treating lumbar diseases; however, the destruction of the posterior structures may cause postoperative symptoms. An individualized poly-ether-ether-ketone (PEEK) artificial lamina was designed to reconstruct the posterior structures after laminectomy. This study aimed to explore the biomechanical effects of reconstruction of the posterior structures with an individualized PEEK artificial lamina using validated finite element models. OBJECTIVE To examine the biomechanical effects of individualized PEEK artificial lamina on postlaminectomy lumbar. METHODS A finite element (FE) model of L3-5 was developed based on computed tomography images. Four surgical models (laminectomy, artificial lamina alone, ligament reconstruction, and osseointegration) were constructed, representing different stages of L4 artificial lamina implantation. The range of motion (ROM), intradiscal pressure (IDP), stresses in the annulus fibrosus at the surgical level and cephalad adjacent level, and stresses in the artificial lamina and screws were measured. RESULTS The ROM, IDP, and stresses in the annulus fibrosus of the different artificial lamina models decreased compared to those of the laminectomy model at both surgical and adjacent levels for all motion patterns, most notably in the osseointegration model. In addition, the results of the stresses in the implants showed that the artificial lamina could enhance the lumbar isthmus and disperse the abnormally concentrated stresses after laminectomy. CONCLUSION The application of a PEEK artificial lamina has the potential to stabilize the postlaminectomy lumbar spine and prevent adjacent segment disease (ASD) and iatrogenic lumbar deformities, resulting in a reduction in the incidence of post-lumbar surgery syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China.,Department of Talent Highland, First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Hong-Yun Ma
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Qi-Ling Yuan
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Lou
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Yin-Gang Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
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Renard F, Guedria S, Palma ND, Vuillerme N. Variability and reproducibility in deep learning for medical image segmentation. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13724. [PMID: 32792540 PMCID: PMC7426407 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69920-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Medical image segmentation is an important tool for current clinical applications. It is the backbone of numerous clinical diagnosis methods, oncological treatments and computer-integrated surgeries. A new class of machine learning algorithm, deep learning algorithms, outperforms the results of classical segmentation in terms of accuracy. However, these techniques are complex and can have a high range of variability, calling the reproducibility of the results into question. In this article, through a literature review, we propose an original overview of the sources of variability to better understand the challenges and issues of reproducibility related to deep learning for medical image segmentation. Finally, we propose 3 main recommendations to address these potential issues: (1) an adequate description of the framework of deep learning, (2) a suitable analysis of the different sources of variability in the framework of deep learning, and (3) an efficient system for evaluating the segmentation results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Félix Renard
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LIG, 38000, Grenoble, France.
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, AGEIS, 38000, Grenoble, France.
| | - Soulaimane Guedria
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LIG, 38000, Grenoble, France
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, AGEIS, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Noel De Palma
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LIG, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Nicolas Vuillerme
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, AGEIS, 38000, Grenoble, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
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Lo Giudice A, Ronsivalle V, Grippaudo C, Lucchese A, Muraglie S, Lagravère MO, Isola G. One Step before 3D Printing-Evaluation of Imaging Software Accuracy for 3-Dimensional Analysis of the Mandible: A Comparative Study Using a Surface-to-Surface Matching Technique. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13122798. [PMID: 32575875 PMCID: PMC7345160 DOI: 10.3390/ma13122798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The accuracy of 3D reconstructions of the craniomaxillofacial region using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is important for the morphological evaluation of specific anatomical structures. Moreover, an accurate segmentation process is fundamental for the physical reconstruction of the anatomy (3D printing) when a preliminary simulation of the therapy is required. In this regard, the objective of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of four different types of software for the semiautomatic segmentation of the mandibular jaw compared to manual segmentation, used as a gold standard. Twenty cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) with a manual approach (Mimics) and a semi-automatic approach (Invesalius, ITK-Snap, Dolphin 3D, Slicer 3D) were selected for the segmentation of the mandible in the present study. The accuracy of semi-automatic segmentation was evaluated: (1) by comparing the mandibular volumes obtained with semi-automatic 3D rendering and manual segmentation and (2) by deviation analysis between the two mandibular models. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to evaluate differences in mandibular volumetric recordings and for a deviation analysis among the different software types used. Linear regression was also performed between manual and semi-automatic methods. No significant differences were found in the total volumes among the obtained 3D mandibular models (Mimics = 40.85 cm3, ITK-Snap = 40.81 cm3, Invesalius = 40.04 cm3, Dolphin 3D = 42.03 cm3, Slicer 3D = 40.58 cm3). High correlations were found between the semi-automatic segmentation and manual segmentation approach, with R coefficients ranging from 0,960 to 0,992. According to the deviation analysis, the mandibular models obtained with ITK-Snap showed the highest matching percentage (Tolerance A = 88.44%, Tolerance B = 97.30%), while those obtained with Dolphin 3D showed the lowest matching percentage (Tolerance A = 60.01%, Tolerance B = 87.76%) (p < 0.05). Colour-coded maps showed that the area of greatest mismatch between semi-automatic and manual segmentation was the condylar region and the region proximate to the dental roots. Despite the fact that the semi-automatic segmentation of the mandible showed, in general, high reliability and high correlation with the manual segmentation, caution should be taken when evaluating the morphological and dimensional characteristics of the condyles either on CBCT-derived digital models or physical models (3D printing).
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Lo Giudice
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, Policlinico Universitario “Vittorio Emanuele—G. Rodolico”, Via S. Sofia 78, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.L.G.); (V.R.); (S.M.)
| | - Vincenzo Ronsivalle
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, Policlinico Universitario “Vittorio Emanuele—G. Rodolico”, Via S. Sofia 78, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.L.G.); (V.R.); (S.M.)
| | - Cristina Grippaudo
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Sacred Heart of Rome, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Alessandra Lucchese
- Department of Orthodontics, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 10,090 Milan, Italy;
| | - Simone Muraglie
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, Policlinico Universitario “Vittorio Emanuele—G. Rodolico”, Via S. Sofia 78, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.L.G.); (V.R.); (S.M.)
| | - Manuel O. Lagravère
- Orthodontic Graduate Program, ECHA 5-524, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, 11405-87 Ave, Edmonton, AB T6G1Z1, Canada;
| | - Gaetano Isola
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, Policlinico Universitario “Vittorio Emanuele—G. Rodolico”, Via S. Sofia 78, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.L.G.); (V.R.); (S.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0953-782-453
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Wallner J, Schwaiger M, Hochegger K, Gsaxner C, Zemann W, Egger J. A review on multiplatform evaluations of semi-automatic open-source based image segmentation for cranio-maxillofacial surgery. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2019; 182:105102. [PMID: 31610359 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2019.105102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Computer-assisted technologies, such as image-based segmentation, play an important role in the diagnosis and treatment support in cranio-maxillofacial surgery. However, although many segmentation software packages exist, their clinical in-house use is often challenging due to constrained technical, human or financial resources. Especially technological solutions or systematic evaluations of open-source based segmentation approaches are lacking. The aim of this contribution is to assess and review the segmentation quality and the potential clinical use of multiple commonly available and license-free segmentation methods on different medical platforms. METHODS In this contribution, the quality and accuracy of open-source segmentation methods was assessed on different platforms using patient-specific clinical CT-data and reviewed with the literature. The image-based segmentation algorithms GrowCut, Robust Statistics Segmenter, Region Growing 3D, Otsu & Picking, Canny Segmentation and Geodesic Segmenter were investigated in the mandible on the platforms 3D Slicer, MITK and MeVisLab. Comparisons were made between the segmentation algorithms and the ground truth segmentations of the same anatomy performed by two clinical experts (n = 20). Assessment parameters were the Dice Score Coefficient (DSC), the Hausdorff Distance (HD), and Pearsons correlation coefficient (r). RESULTS The segmentation accuracy was highest with the GrowCut (DSC 85.6%, HD 33.5 voxel) and the Canny (DSC 82.1%, HD 8.5 voxel) algorithm. Statistical differences between the assessment parameters were not significant (p < 0.05) and correlation coefficients were close to the value one (r > 0.94) for any of the comparison made between the segmentation methods and the ground truth schemes. Functionally stable and time-saving segmentations were observed. CONCLUSION High quality image-based semi-automatic segmentation was provided by the GrowCut and the Canny segmentation method. In the cranio-maxillofacial complex, these segmentation methods provide algorithmic alternatives for image-based segmentation in the clinical practice for e.g. surgical planning or visualization of treatment results and offer advantages through their open-source availability. This is the first systematic multi-platform comparison that evaluates multiple license-free, open-source segmentation methods based on clinical data for the improvement of algorithms and a potential clinical use in patient-individualized medicine. The results presented are reproducible by others and can be used for clinical and research purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Wallner
- Medical University of Graz, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Auenbruggerplatz 5/1, Graz 8036, Austria; Computer Algorithms for Medicine Laboratory, Graz 8010, Austria.
| | - Michael Schwaiger
- Medical University of Graz, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Auenbruggerplatz 5/1, Graz 8036, Austria; Computer Algorithms for Medicine Laboratory, Graz 8010, Austria
| | - Kerstin Hochegger
- Computer Algorithms for Medicine Laboratory, Graz 8010, Austria; Institute for Computer Graphics and Vision, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 16c/II, Graz 8010, Austria
| | - Christina Gsaxner
- Medical University of Graz, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Auenbruggerplatz 5/1, Graz 8036, Austria; Computer Algorithms for Medicine Laboratory, Graz 8010, Austria; Institute for Computer Graphics and Vision, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 16c/II, Graz 8010, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Zemann
- Medical University of Graz, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Auenbruggerplatz 5/1, Graz 8036, Austria
| | - Jan Egger
- Medical University of Graz, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Auenbruggerplatz 5/1, Graz 8036, Austria; Computer Algorithms for Medicine Laboratory, Graz 8010, Austria; Institute for Computer Graphics and Vision, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 16c/II, Graz 8010, Austria; Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Mechanical Engineering, Dong Chuan Road 800, Shanghai 200240, China
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The development of non-contact user interface of a surgical navigation system based on multi-LSTM and a phantom experiment for zygomatic implant placement. Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg 2019; 14:2147-2154. [PMID: 31300964 DOI: 10.1007/s11548-019-02031-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Image-guided surgical navigation system (SNS) has proved to be an increasingly important assistance tool for mini-invasive surgery. However, using standard devices such as keyboard and mouse as human-computer interaction (HCI) is a latent vector of infectious medium, causing risks to patients and surgeons. To solve the human-computer interaction problem, we proposed an optimized structure of LSTM based on a depth camera to recognize gestures and applied it to an in-house oral and maxillofacial surgical navigation system (Qin et al. in Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg 14(2):281-289, 2019). METHODS The proposed optimized structure of LSTM named multi-LSTM allows multiple input layers and takes into account the relationships between inputs. To combine the gesture recognition with the SNS, four left-hand signs waving along four directions were designed to correspond to four operations of the mouse, and the motion of right hand was used to control the movement of the cursor. Finally, a phantom study for zygomatic implant placement was conducted to evaluate the feasibility of multi-LSTM as HCI.
RESULTS: 3D hand trajectories of both wrist and elbow from 10 participants were collected to train the recognition network. Then tenfold cross-validation was performed for judging signs, and the mean accuracy was 96% ± 3%. In the phantom study, four implants were successfully placed, and the average deviations of planned-placed implants were 1.22 mm and 1.70 mm for the entry and end points, respectively, while the angular deviation ranged from 0.4° to 2.9°. CONCLUSION The results showed that this non-contact user interface based on multi-LSTM could be used as a promising tool to eliminate the disinfection problem in operation room and alleviate manipulation complexity of surgical navigation system.
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Implementation of a semiautomatic method to design patient-specific instruments for corrective osteotomy of the radius. Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg 2018; 14:829-840. [PMID: 30535827 DOI: 10.1007/s11548-018-1896-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE 3D-printed patient-specific instruments (PSIs), such as surgical guides and implants, show great promise for accurate navigation in surgical correction of post-traumatic deformities of the distal radius. However, existing costs of computer-aided design and manufacturing process prevent everyday surgical use. In this paper, we propose an innovative semiautomatic methodology to streamline the PSIs design. METHODS The new method was implemented as an extension of our existing 3D planning software. It facilitates the design of a regular and smooth implant and a companion guide starting from a user-selected surface on the affected bone. We evaluated the software by designing PSIs starting from preoperative virtual 3D plans of five patients previously treated at our institute for corrective osteotomy. We repeated the design for the same cases also with commercially available software, with and without dedicated customization. We measured design time and tracked user activity during the design process of implants, guides and subsequent modifications. RESULTS All the designed shapes were considered valid. Median design times ([Formula: see text]) were reduced for implants (([Formula: see text]) = 2.2 min) and guides (([Formula: see text]) = 1.0 min) compared to the standard (([Formula: see text]) = 13 min and ([Formula: see text]) = 8 min) and the partially customized (([Formula: see text]) = 6.5 min and ([Formula: see text]) = 6.0 min) commercially available alternatives. Mouse and keyboard activities were reduced (median count of strokes and clicks during implant design (([Formula: see text]) = 53, and guide design (([Formula: see text]) = 27) compared to using standard software (([Formula: see text]) = 559 and ([Formula: see text]) = 380) and customized commercial software (([Formula: see text]) = 217 and ([Formula: see text]) = 180). CONCLUSION Our software solution efficiently streamlines the design of PSIs for distal radius malunion. It represents a first step in making 3D-printed PSIs technology more accessible.
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Liu Y, Zhou W, Xia T, Liu J, Mi BB, Hu LC, Shao ZW, Liu GH. Application of the Guiding Template Designed by Three-dimensional Printing Data for the Insertion of Sacroiliac Screws: a New Clinical Technique. Curr Med Sci 2018; 38:1090-1095. [PMID: 30536074 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-018-1988-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This study is aimed to explore the clinical application of the guiding template designed by three-dimensional printing data for the insertion of sacroiliac screws. A retrospective study of 7 cases (from July 2016 to December 2016), in which the guiding template printed by the threedimensional printing technique was used for the insertion of sacroiliac screws of patients with posterior ring injuries of pelvis, was performed. Totally, 4 males and 3 females were included in template group, aged from 38 to 65 years old (mean 50.86±8.90). Of them, 5 had sacral fractures (3 with Denis type I and 2 with type II) and 2 the separation of sacroiliac joint. Guiding templates were firstly made by the three-dimensional printing technique based on the pre-operative CT data. Surgical operations for the stabilization of pelvic ring by applying the guiding templates were carried out. A group of 8 patients with sacroiliac injuries treated by percutaneous sacroiliac screws were analyzed as a control group retrospectively. The time of each screw insertion, volume of intra-operative blood loss, and the exposure to X ray were analyzed and the Matta's radiological criteria were used to evaluate the reduction quality. The Majeed score was used to evaluate postoperative living quality. The visual analogue scale (VAS) was applied at different time points to judge pain relief of coccydynia. All the 7 patients in the template group were closely followed up radiographically and clinically for 14 to 20 months, mean (16.57±2.44) months. Totally 9 sacroiliac screws for the S1 and S2 vertebra were inserted in the 7 patients. The time length for each screw insertion ranged from 450 to 870 s, mean (690.56±135.68) s, and the number of times of exposure to X ray were 4 to 8, mean (5.78±1.20). The intra-operative blood loss ranged from 45 to 120 mL, mean (75±23.32) mL. According to Matta's radiology criteria, the fracture and dislocation reduction were excellent in 6 cases and good in 1. The pre-operative VAS score ranged from 5.2 to 8.1, mean (7.13±1.00). The average one-week/six-month post-operative VAS was (5.33±0.78) and (1.33±0.66), respectively (P<0.05 when compared with pre-operative VAS). The 12-month postoperative Majeed score ranged from 86 to 92, mean (90.29±2.21). The three-dimensional printed guiding template for sacroiliac screw insertion, which could significantly shorten the operation time, provide a satisfied outcome of the stabilization of the pelvic ring, and protect doctors and patients from X-ray exposure, might be a practical and valuable new clinical technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Wu Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Tian Xia
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Bo-Bin Mi
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Liang-Cong Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Zeng-Wu Shao
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Guo-Hui Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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An oral and maxillofacial navigation system for implant placement with automatic identification of fiducial points. Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg 2018; 14:281-289. [DOI: 10.1007/s11548-018-1870-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Xu Y, Liu S, Hu J, Zhang H, Yao Q, Wang L. [Clinical study of three-dimensional printed navigation template assisted Ludloff osteotomy in treatment of moderate and severe hallux valgus]. ZHONGGUO XIU FU CHONG JIAN WAI KE ZA ZHI = ZHONGGUO XIUFU CHONGJIAN WAIKE ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF REPARATIVE AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY 2018; 32:906-911. [PMID: 30129316 DOI: 10.7507/1002-1892.201801163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Objective To explore the effectiveness and advantage of three-dimensional (3D) printed navigation templates assisted Ludloff osteotomy in treatment of moderate and severe hallux valgus. Methods Between April 2013 and February 2015, 28 patients (28 feet) with moderate and severe hallux valgus who underwent Ludloff osteotomy were randomly divided into 2 groups ( n=14). In group A, the patients were treated with Ludloff osteotomy assissted with a 3D printed navigation template. In group B, the patients were treated with traditional Ludloff osteotomy. There was no significant difference in gender, age, affected side, and clinical classification between 2 groups ( P>0.05). The operation time and intraoperative blood loss were recorded. The ankle function of the foot at preoperation, immediate after operation, and last follow-up were assessed by the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score. Besides, the X-ray film were taken to assess the hallux valgus angle (HVA), intermetatarsal angle (IMA), and the first metatarsal length shortening. Results All patients were followed up 18-40 months (mean, 26.4 months). The operation time and intraoperative blood loss in group A were significantly less than those in group B ( P<0.05). The HVA, IMA, and AOFAS scores in groups A and B at immediate after operaton and last follow-up were sinificantly improved when compared with preoperative values ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between at immediate after operation and at last follow-up ( P>0.05). No significant difference was found in HVA and IMA between group A and group B at difference time points ( P>0.05). There were significant differences in AOFAS score and the first metatarsal length shortening at immediate after operation and at last follow-up between 2 groups ( P<0.05). Except 1 case of metastatic metatarsalgia in group B, there was no other operative complications in both groups. Conclusion 3D printed navigation template assisted Ludloff osteotomy can provide accurate preoperative planning and intraoperative osteotomy. It is an ideal method for moderate and severe hallux valgus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nanjing Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing First Hospital), Nanjing Jiangsu, 210006,
| | - Shuai Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nanjing Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing First Hospital), Nanjing Jiangsu, 210006, P.R.China;Department of Orthopaedics, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Jiangsu, 221009, P.R.China
| | - Jun Hu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nanjing Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing First Hospital), Nanjing Jiangsu, 210006, P.R.China
| | - Huikang Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nanjing Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing First Hospital), Nanjing Jiangsu, 210006, P.R.China
| | - Qingqiang Yao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nanjing Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing First Hospital), Nanjing Jiangsu, 210006, P.R.China
| | - Liming Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nanjing Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing First Hospital), Nanjing Jiangsu, 210006, P.R.China
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Wallner J, Hochegger K, Chen X, Mischak I, Reinbacher K, Pau M, Zrnc T, Schwenzer-Zimmerer K, Zemann W, Schmalstieg D, Egger J. Clinical evaluation of semi-automatic open-source algorithmic software segmentation of the mandibular bone: Practical feasibility and assessment of a new course of action. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0196378. [PMID: 29746490 PMCID: PMC5944980 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Computer assisted technologies based on algorithmic software segmentation are an increasing topic of interest in complex surgical cases. However-due to functional instability, time consuming software processes, personnel resources or licensed-based financial costs many segmentation processes are often outsourced from clinical centers to third parties and the industry. Therefore, the aim of this trial was to assess the practical feasibility of an easy available, functional stable and licensed-free segmentation approach to be used in the clinical practice. MATERIAL AND METHODS In this retrospective, randomized, controlled trail the accuracy and accordance of the open-source based segmentation algorithm GrowCut was assessed through the comparison to the manually generated ground truth of the same anatomy using 10 CT lower jaw data-sets from the clinical routine. Assessment parameters were the segmentation time, the volume, the voxel number, the Dice Score and the Hausdorff distance. RESULTS Overall semi-automatic GrowCut segmentation times were about one minute. Mean Dice Score values of over 85% and Hausdorff Distances below 33.5 voxel could be achieved between the algorithmic GrowCut-based segmentations and the manual generated ground truth schemes. Statistical differences between the assessment parameters were not significant (p<0.05) and correlation coefficients were close to the value one (r > 0.94) for any of the comparison made between the two groups. DISCUSSION Complete functional stable and time saving segmentations with high accuracy and high positive correlation could be performed by the presented interactive open-source based approach. In the cranio-maxillofacial complex the used method could represent an algorithmic alternative for image-based segmentation in the clinical practice for e.g. surgical treatment planning or visualization of postoperative results and offers several advantages. Due to an open-source basis the used method could be further developed by other groups or specialists. Systematic comparisons to other segmentation approaches or with a greater data amount are areas of future works.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Wallner
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 5/1, Graz, Austria
- Computer Algorithms for Medicine (Cafe) Laboratory, Graz, Austria
| | - Kerstin Hochegger
- Computer Algorithms for Medicine (Cafe) Laboratory, Graz, Austria
- Institute for Computer Graphics and Vision, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 16c/II, Graz, Austria
| | - Xiaojun Chen
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Irene Mischak
- Department of Dental Medicine and Oral Health, Medical University of Graz, Billrothgasse 4, Graz, Austria
| | - Knut Reinbacher
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 5/1, Graz, Austria
| | - Mauro Pau
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 5/1, Graz, Austria
| | - Tomislav Zrnc
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 5/1, Graz, Austria
| | - Katja Schwenzer-Zimmerer
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 5/1, Graz, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Zemann
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 5/1, Graz, Austria
| | - Dieter Schmalstieg
- Institute for Computer Graphics and Vision, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 16c/II, Graz, Austria
| | - Jan Egger
- Computer Algorithms for Medicine (Cafe) Laboratory, Graz, Austria
- Institute for Computer Graphics and Vision, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 16c/II, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, Krenngasse 37/1, Graz, Austria
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Egger J, Wallner J, Gall M, Chen X, Schwenzer-Zimmerer K, Reinbacher K, Schmalstieg D. Computer-aided position planning of miniplates to treat facial bone defects. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182839. [PMID: 28817607 PMCID: PMC5560576 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In this contribution, a software system for computer-aided position planning of miniplates to treat facial bone defects is proposed. The intra-operatively used bone plates have to be passively adapted on the underlying bone contours for adequate bone fragment stabilization. However, this procedure can lead to frequent intra-operatively performed material readjustments especially in complex surgical cases. Our approach is able to fit a selection of common implant models on the surgeon's desired position in a 3D computer model. This happens with respect to the surrounding anatomical structures, always including the possibility of adjusting both the direction and the position of the used osteosynthesis material. By using the proposed software, surgeons are able to pre-plan the out coming implant in its form and morphology with the aid of a computer-visualized model within a few minutes. Further, the resulting model can be stored in STL file format, the commonly used format for 3D printing. Using this technology, surgeons are able to print the virtual generated implant, or create an individually designed bending tool. This method leads to adapted osteosynthesis materials according to the surrounding anatomy and requires further a minimum amount of money and time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Egger
- Institute for Computer Graphics and Vision, Faculty of Computer Science and Biomedical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Jürgen Wallner
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Styria, Austria
| | - Markus Gall
- Institute for Computer Graphics and Vision, Faculty of Computer Science and Biomedical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
| | - Xiaojun Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Manufacturing and Life Quality Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Knut Reinbacher
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Styria, Austria
| | - Dieter Schmalstieg
- Institute for Computer Graphics and Vision, Faculty of Computer Science and Biomedical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
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Gall M, Schmalstieg D, Egger J. Computer-aided planning and reconstruction of cranial 3D implants. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2017; 2016:1179-1183. [PMID: 28268535 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2016.7590915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
In this contribution, a prototype for semiautomatic computer-aided planning and reconstruction of cranial 3D Implants is presented. The software prototype guides the user through the workflow, beginning with loading and mirroring the patient's head to obtain an initial curvature of the cranial implant. However, naïve mirroring is not sufficient for an implant, because human heads are in general too asymmetric. Thus, the user can perform Laplacian smoothing, followed by Delaunay triangulation, for generating an aesthetic looking and well-fitting implant. Finally, our software prototype allows to save the designed 3D model of the implant as a STL-file for 3D printing. The 3D printed implant can be used for further pre-interventional planning or even as the final implant for the patient. In summary, our findings show that a customized MeVisLab prototype can be an alternative to complex commercial planning software, which may not be available in a clinic.
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Chen X, Xu L, Li X, Egger J. Computer-aided implant design for the restoration of cranial defects. Sci Rep 2017; 7:4199. [PMID: 28646207 PMCID: PMC5482863 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-04454-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Patient-specific cranial implants are important and necessary in the surgery of cranial defect restoration. However, traditional methods of manual design of cranial implants are complicated and time-consuming. Our purpose is to develop a novel software named EasyCrania to design the cranial implants conveniently and efficiently. The process can be divided into five steps, which are mirroring model, clipping surface, surface fitting, the generation of the initial implant and the generation of the final implant. The main concept of our method is to use the geometry information of the mirrored model as the base to generate the final implant. The comparative studies demonstrated that the EasyCrania can improve the efficiency of cranial implant design significantly. And, the intra- and inter-rater reliability of the software were stable, which were 87.07 ± 1.6% and 87.73 ± 1.4% respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Manufacturing and Life Quality Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Lu Xu
- Institute of Biomedical Manufacturing and Life Quality Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xing Li
- Institute of Biomedical Manufacturing and Life Quality Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jan Egger
- Faculty of Computer Science and Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Computer Graphics and Vision, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria.
- BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria.
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Interactive reconstructions of cranial 3D implants under MeVisLab as an alternative to commercial planning software. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0172694. [PMID: 28264062 PMCID: PMC5338774 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In this publication, the interactive planning and reconstruction of cranial 3D Implants under the medical prototyping platform MeVisLab as alternative to commercial planning software is introduced. In doing so, a MeVisLab prototype consisting of a customized data-flow network and an own C++ module was set up. As a result, the Computer-Aided Design (CAD) software prototype guides a user through the whole workflow to generate an implant. Therefore, the workflow begins with loading and mirroring the patients head for an initial curvature of the implant. Then, the user can perform an additional Laplacian smoothing, followed by a Delaunay triangulation. The result is an aesthetic looking and well-fitting 3D implant, which can be stored in a CAD file format, e.g. STereoLithography (STL), for 3D printing. The 3D printed implant can finally be used for an in-depth pre-surgical evaluation or even as a real implant for the patient. In a nutshell, our research and development shows that a customized MeVisLab software prototype can be used as an alternative to complex commercial planning software, which may also not be available in every clinic. Finally, not to conform ourselves directly to available commercial software and look for other options that might improve the workflow.
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