1
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Aleksic M, Meng X. Protein Haptenation and Its Role in Allergy. Chem Res Toxicol 2024; 37:850-872. [PMID: 38834188 PMCID: PMC11187640 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.4c00062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Humans are exposed to numerous electrophilic chemicals either as medicines, in the workplace, in nature, or through use of many common cosmetic and household products. Covalent modification of human proteins by such chemicals, or protein haptenation, is a common occurrence in cells and may result in generation of antigenic species, leading to development of hypersensitivity reactions. Ranging in severity of symptoms from local cutaneous reactions and rhinitis to potentially life-threatening anaphylaxis and severe hypersensitivity reactions such as Stephen-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), all these reactions have the same Molecular Initiating Event (MIE), i.e. haptenation. However, not all individuals who are exposed to electrophilic chemicals develop symptoms of hypersensitivity. In the present review, we examine common chemistry behind the haptenation reactions leading to formation of neoantigens. We explore simple reactions involving single molecule additions to a nucleophilic side chain of proteins and complex reactions involving multiple electrophilic centers on a single molecule or involving more than one electrophilic molecule as well as the generation of reactive molecules from the interaction with cellular detoxification mechanisms. Besides generation of antigenic species and enabling activation of the immune system, we explore additional events which result directly from the presence of electrophilic chemicals in cells, including activation of key defense mechanisms and immediate consequences of those reactions, and explore their potential effects. We discuss the factors that work in concert with haptenation leading to the development of hypersensitivity reactions and those that may act to prevent it from developing. We also review the potential harnessing of the specificity of haptenation in the design of potent covalent therapeutic inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Aleksic
- Safety
and Environmental Assurance Centre, Unilever,
Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedford MK44
1LQ, U.K.
| | - Xiaoli Meng
- MRC
Centre for Drug Safety Science, Department of Molecular and Clinical
Pharmacology, The University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GE, U.K.
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2
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Aleksic M, Rajagopal R, de-Ávila R, Spriggs S, Gilmour N. The skin sensitization adverse outcome pathway: exploring the role of mechanistic understanding for higher tier risk assessment. Crit Rev Toxicol 2024; 54:69-91. [PMID: 38385441 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2024.2308816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
For over a decade, the skin sensitization Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP) has served as a useful framework for development of novel in chemico and in vitro assays for use in skin sensitization hazard and risk assessment. Since its establishment, the AOP framework further fueled the existing efforts in new assay development and stimulated a plethora of activities with particular focus on validation, reproducibility and interpretation of individual assays and combination of assay outputs for use in hazard/risk assessment. In parallel, research efforts have also accelerated in pace, providing new molecular and dynamic insight into key events leading to sensitization. In light of novel hypotheses emerging from over a decade of focused research effort, mechanistic evidence relating to the key events in the skin sensitization AOP may complement the tools currently used in risk assessment. We reviewed the recent advances unraveling the complexity of molecular events in sensitization and signpost the most promising avenues for further exploration and development of useful assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Aleksic
- Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Unilever, Sharnbrook, UK
| | - Ramya Rajagopal
- Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Unilever, Sharnbrook, UK
| | - Renato de-Ávila
- Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Unilever, Sharnbrook, UK
| | - Sandrine Spriggs
- Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Unilever, Sharnbrook, UK
| | - Nicola Gilmour
- Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Unilever, Sharnbrook, UK
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3
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Zhang J, Yue X, Wu Z, Chen Y, Bai Y, Sun K, Wang Z, Liang Z. A LiF-Rich Solid Electrolyte Interphase in a Routine Carbonate Electrolyte by Tuning the Interfacial Chemistry Behavior of LiPF 6 for Stable Li Metal Anodes. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:9609-9617. [PMID: 37843362 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c03340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Lithium (Li) dendrite growth in a routine carbonate electrolyte (RCE) is the main culprit hindering the practical application of Li metal anodes. Herein, we realize the regulation of the LiPF6 decomposition pathway in RCE containing 1.0 M LiPF6 by introducing a "self-polymerizing" additive, ethyl isothiocyanate (EITC), resulting in a robust LiF-rich solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). The effect of 1 vol % EITC on the electrode/electrolyte interfacial chemistry slows the formation of the byproduct LixPOFy. Such a LiF-rich SEI with EITC polymer winding exhibits a high Young's modulus and a uniform Li-ion flux, which suppresses dendrite growth and interface fluctuation. The EITC-based Li metal cell using a Li4Ti5O12 cathode delivers a capacity retention of 81.4% over 1000 cycles at 10 C, outperforming its counterpart. The cycling stability of 1 Ah pouch cells was further evaluated under EITC. We believe that this work provides a new method for tuning the interfacial chemistry of Li metal through electrolyte additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Source and Green Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xinyang Yue
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zeyu Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Source and Green Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yuanmao Chen
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yu Bai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Source and Green Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Kening Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Source and Green Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zhenhua Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Source and Green Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zheng Liang
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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4
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Fujita M, Nakashima N, Wanibuchi S, Yamamoto Y, Kojima H, Ono A, Kasahara T. Assessment of commercial polymers with and without reactive groups using amino acid derivative reactivity assay based on both molar concentration approach and gravimetric approach. J Appl Toxicol 2023; 43:446-457. [PMID: 36101970 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The amino acid derivative reactivity assay (ADRA), an alternative method for testing skin sensitization, has been established based on the molar concentration approach. However, the additional development of gravimetric concentration and fluorescence detection methods has expanded its range of application to mixtures, which cannot be evaluated using the conventional testing method, the direct peptide reactivity assay (DPRA). Although polymers are generally treated as mixtures, there have been no reports of actual polymer evaluations using alternative methods owing to their insolubility. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated skin sensitization potential of polymers, which is difficult to predict, using ADRA. As polymers have molecular weights ranging from several thousand to more than several tens of thousand Daltons, they are unlikely to cause skin sensitization due to their extremely low penetration into the skin, according to the 500-Da rule. However, if highly reactive functional groups remain at the ends or side chains of polymers, relatively low-molecular-weight polymer components may penetrate the skin to cause sensitization. Polymers can be roughly classified into three major types based on the features of their constituent monomers; we investigated the sensitization capacity of each type of polymer. Polymers with alert sensitization structures at their ends were classified as skin sensitizers, whereas those with no residual reactive groups were classified as nonsensitizers. Although polymers with a glycidyl group need to be evaluated carefully, we concluded that ADRA (0.5 mg/ml) is generally sufficient for polymer hazard assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaharu Fujita
- Safety Evaluation Center, FUJIFILM Corporation, Minamiashigara, Japan
| | - Natsumi Nakashima
- Safety Evaluation Center, FUJIFILM Corporation, Minamiashigara, Japan
| | - Sayaka Wanibuchi
- Safety Evaluation Center, FUJIFILM Corporation, Minamiashigara, Japan
| | - Yusuke Yamamoto
- Safety Evaluation Center, FUJIFILM Corporation, Minamiashigara, Japan
| | - Hajime Kojima
- Biological Safety Research Center, Division of Risk Assessment, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Atsushi Ono
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
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5
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Karczewska M, Strzelecki P, Szalewska-Pałasz A, Nowicki D. How to Tackle Bacteriophages: The Review of Approaches with Mechanistic Insight. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054447. [PMID: 36901878 PMCID: PMC10003480 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteriophage-based applications have a renaissance today, increasingly marking their use in industry, medicine, food processing, biotechnology, and more. However, phages are considered resistant to various harsh environmental conditions; besides, they are characterized by high intra-group variability. Phage-related contaminations may therefore pose new challenges in the future due to the wider use of phages in industry and health care. Therefore, in this review, we summarize the current knowledge of bacteriophage disinfection methods, as well as highlight new technologies and approaches. We discuss the need for systematic solutions to improve bacteriophage control, taking into account their structural and environmental diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Karczewska
- Department of Bacterial Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Patryk Strzelecki
- Department of Bacterial Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, UMR7504, 23 rue du Loess, CEDEX 2, F-67034 Strasbourg, France
| | - Agnieszka Szalewska-Pałasz
- Department of Bacterial Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Dariusz Nowicki
- Department of Bacterial Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-58-523-6065
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6
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The amino acid profile of Camelina sativa seeds correlates with the strongest immune response in dairy ewes. Animal 2022; 16:100621. [DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2022.100621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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7
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Ndreu L, Sasse S, Karlberg AT, Karlsson I. Haptenation of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor: A Potential Biomarker for Contact Hypersensitivity. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2022; 4:856614. [PMID: 35465102 PMCID: PMC9019732 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2022.856614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The immunological response in contact hypersensitivity is incited by small electrophilic compounds, known as haptens, that react with endogenous proteins after skin absorption. However, the identity of hapten-modified proteins seen as immunogenic remains as yet largely unknown. In a recent study, we have for the first time identified a hapten-modified protein in the local lymph nodes of mice treated topically with the model hapten tetramethylrhodamine isothiocyanate (TRITC). The TRITC modification was located on the N-terminal proline of the protein macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF). The focus of the current study was to investigate the presence of the same hapten-protein conjugate in blood samples from mice treated topically with TRITC. Furthermore, TRITC modifications of the two major blood proteins, namely hemoglobin (Hb) and albumin (Alb), as well as TRITC modifications of MIF other than the N-terminal proline, were examined. Following incubation with different molar ratios of TRITC, a proteomic approach was applied to characterize conjugate formation of the three aforementioned proteins, using high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). The targeted screening of the TRITC-treated mice blood and lymph node samples for these sites led to the identification of only the same TRITC-MIF conjugate previously detected in the lymph nodes. No Hb and Alb conjugates were detected. Quantification of both the TRITC-modified and unmodified N-terminal peptide of MIF in blood and lymph node samples gave interesting insights of MIF’s role in murine contact hypersensitivity. Incubation of MIF with four different haptens encompassing different reactivity mechanisms and potencies, showed adduct formation at different amino acid residues, suggesting that MIF can be the preferred target for a wide variety of haptens. The present study provides essential progress toward understanding of hapten-protein conjugate formation in contact hypersensitivity and identifies hapten-modified MIF as a potential biomarker for this condition. Further investigation of MIF as a target protein can be a next step to determine if MIF is a biomarker that can be used to develop better diagnostic tools and targeted therapeutics for individuals with allergic contact dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Ndreu
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Samantha Sasse
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ann-Therese Karlberg
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Dermatochemistry, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Isabella Karlsson
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Isabella Karlsson,
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8
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Ioannou E, Labrou NE. Rational Design of Self-Assembling Supramolecular Protein Nanostructures Utilizing the Cucurbit[8]Uril Macrocyclic Host. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2487:177-187. [PMID: 35687236 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2269-8_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembly is a phenomenon that governs molecular structural organization in nature, therefore raising research interest for the fabrication of novel nanomaterials with diverse applications in biocatalysis, biomedicine, material templating, and biosensor development. In this chapter we provide protocols for the development of supramolecular protein complexes based on host-guest interactions in the presence of the macrocyclic host, cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]). CB[8] is reported to exhibit high binding affinity towards the tripeptide Phe-Gly-Gly (FGG), therefore it can be utilized as a selective adhesive of protein molecules, after fusion of FGG to an accessible protein surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisavet Ioannou
- Laboratory of Enzyme Technology, Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Biology and Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos E Labrou
- Laboratory of Enzyme Technology, Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Biology and Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
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9
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Krause K, Pyrczak-Felczykowska A, Karczewska M, Narajczyk M, Herman-Antosiewicz A, Szalewska-Pałasz A, Nowicki D. Dietary Isothiocyanates, Sulforaphane and 2-Phenethyl Isothiocyanate, Effectively Impair Vibrio cholerae Virulence. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10187. [PMID: 34638525 PMCID: PMC8508596 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Vibrio cholerae represents a constant threat to public health, causing widespread infections, especially in developing countries with a significant number of fatalities and serious complications every year. The standard treatment by oral rehydration does not eliminate the source of infection, while increasing antibiotic resistance among pathogenic V. cholerae strains makes the therapy difficult. Thus, we assessed the antibacterial potential of plant-derived phytoncides, isothiocyanates (ITC), against V. cholerae O365 strain. Sulforaphane (SFN) and 2-phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC) ability to inhibit bacterial growth was assessed. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values indicate that these compounds possess antibacterial activity and are also effective against cells growing in a biofilm. Tested ITC caused accumulation of stringent response alarmone, ppGpp, which indicates induction of the global stress response. It was accompanied by bacterial cytoplasm shrinkage, the inhibition of the DNA, and RNA synthesis as well as downregulation of the expression of virulence factors. Most importantly, ITC reduced the toxicity of V. cholerae in the in vitro assays (against Vero and HeLa cells) and in vivo, using Galleria mellonella larvae as an infection model. In conclusion, our data indicate that ITCs might be considered promising antibacterial agents in V. cholerae infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaudyna Krause
- Department of Bacterial Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland; (K.K.); (M.K.); (A.S.-P.)
| | | | - Monika Karczewska
- Department of Bacterial Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland; (K.K.); (M.K.); (A.S.-P.)
| | - Magdalena Narajczyk
- Department of Electron Microscopy, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland;
| | - Anna Herman-Antosiewicz
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Szalewska-Pałasz
- Department of Bacterial Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland; (K.K.); (M.K.); (A.S.-P.)
| | - Dariusz Nowicki
- Department of Bacterial Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland; (K.K.); (M.K.); (A.S.-P.)
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10
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Li X, Guo L, Li J, Wang E, Liu T, Wang G, Sun K, Liu C, Peng Z. Reversible Cycling of Graphite Electrodes in Propylene Carbonate Electrolytes Enabled by Ethyl Isothiocyanate. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:26023-26033. [PMID: 34032410 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c04607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
As one of the greatest inventions in the history of electrochemistry, the lithium-ion battery (LIB) has radically transformed human beings' daily life by powering portable electronics and electric vehicles. When we look back upon the long and arduous effort devoted to the development of the LIB technology, it is found that the birth of LIBs could have been even earlier if reversible cycling of the graphite electrode had been realized in the propylene carbonate (PC) electrolyte, one of the few dominating electrolytes extensively used in nonaqueous electrochemistry long before the concept of LIBs. In this work, a functional electrolyte additive, that is, ethyl isothiocyanate, has been identified to enable the reversible Li+ ion intercalation/de-intercalation into/out of the graphite electrode in PC electrolyte by forming a high-quality solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on the graphite electrode. A wide range of advanced in situ and ex situ spectroscopic characterization techniques coupled with theoretical calculations have been employed to understand the SEI formation mechanism. The results reported here rejuvenate the promise of PC as the primary electrolyte solvent for LIBs by artificially rectifying the interfacial electrochemical processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Changchun 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Limin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Erkang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Changchun 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Tianfu Liu
- Laboratory of Advanced Spectro-electrochemistry and Li-ion Batteries, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Guoxiong Wang
- Laboratory of Advanced Spectro-electrochemistry and Li-ion Batteries, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Ke Sun
- Laboratory of Advanced Spectro-electrochemistry and Li-ion Batteries, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Chuntai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold (Zhengzhou University), Ministry of Education, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Zhangquan Peng
- Laboratory of Advanced Spectro-electrochemistry and Li-ion Batteries, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Dalian 116023, China
- School of Applied Physics and Materials, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
- Tianmu Lake Institute of Advanced Energy Storage Technologies Co. Ltd., Liyang 213300, China
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11
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Induction of Short-Term Sensitization by an Aversive Chemical Stimulus in Zebrafish Larvae. eNeuro 2020; 7:ENEURO.0336-19.2020. [PMID: 33004417 PMCID: PMC7729299 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0336-19.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Larval zebrafish possess a number of molecular and genetic advantages for rigorous biological analyses of learning and memory. These advantages have motivated the search for novel forms of memory in these animals that can be exploited for understanding the cellular and molecular bases of vertebrate memory formation and consolidation. Here, we report a new form of behavioral sensitization in zebrafish larvae that is elicited by an aversive chemical stimulus [allyl isothiocyanate (AITC)] and that persists for ≥30 min. This form of sensitization is expressed as enhanced locomotion and thigmotaxis, as well as elevated heart rate. To characterize the neural basis of this nonassociative memory, we used transgenic zebrafish expressing the fluorescent calcium indicator GCaMP6 (Chen et al., 2013); because of the transparency of larval zebrafish, we could optically monitor neural activity in the brain of intact transgenic zebrafish before and after the induction of sensitization. We found a distinct brain area, previously linked to locomotion, that exhibited persistently enhanced neural activity following washout of AITC; this enhanced neural activity correlated with the behavioral sensitization. These results establish a novel form of memory in larval zebrafish and begin to unravel the neural basis of this memory.
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12
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Petri L, Szijj PA, Kelemen Á, Imre T, Gömöry Á, Lee MTW, Hegedűs K, Ábrányi-Balogh P, Chudasama V, Keserű GM. Cysteine specific bioconjugation with benzyl isothiocyanates. RSC Adv 2020; 10:14928-14936. [PMID: 35497170 PMCID: PMC9052032 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra02934c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein labelling has a wide variety of applications in medicinal chemistry and chemical biology. In addition to covalent inhibition, specific labelling of biomolecules with fluorescent dyes is important in both target discovery, validation and diagnostics. Our research was conducted through the fragment-based development of a new benzyl-isothiocyanate-activated fluorescent dye based on the fluorescein scaffold. This molecule was evaluated against fluorescein isothiocyanate, a prevalent labelling agent. The reactivity and selectivity of phenyl- and benzyl isothiocyanate were compared at different pHs, and their activity was tested on several protein targets. Finally, the clinically approved antibody trastuzumab (and it's Fab fragment) were specifically labelled through reaction with free cysteines reductively liberated from their interchain disulfide bonds. The newly developed benzyl-fluorescein isothiocyanate and its optimized labelling protocol stands to be a valuable addition to the tool kit of chemical biology. We present herein the development of a new fluorescent dye equipped with a benzyl isothiocyanate warhead, which resulted improved photophysical properties and enhanced labelling efficiency on the Fab antibody subunit and the trastuzumab antibody.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- László Petri
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Group
- Research Centre for Natural Sciences
- Budapest
- Hungary
| | - Péter A. Szijj
- Department of Chemistry
- University College London
- London WC1H OAJ
- UK
| | - Ádám Kelemen
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Group
- Research Centre for Natural Sciences
- Budapest
- Hungary
| | - Tímea Imre
- MS Metabolomics Research Group
- Research Centre for Natural Sciences
- Budapest
- Hungary
| | - Ágnes Gömöry
- MS Proteomics Research Group
- Research Centre for Natural Sciences
- Budapest
- Hungary
| | | | - Krisztina Hegedűs
- Department of Immunology
- Eötvös Loránd University
- H-1117 Budapest
- Hungary
| | - Péter Ábrányi-Balogh
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Group
- Research Centre for Natural Sciences
- Budapest
- Hungary
| | - Vijay Chudasama
- Department of Chemistry
- University College London
- London WC1H OAJ
- UK
| | - György Miklós Keserű
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Group
- Research Centre for Natural Sciences
- Budapest
- Hungary
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13
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Covalent Inhibition of the Histamine H 3 Receptor. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24244541. [PMID: 31835873 PMCID: PMC6943558 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24244541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Covalent binding of G protein-coupled receptors by small molecules is a useful approach for better understanding of the structure and function of these proteins. We designed, synthesized and characterized a series of 6 potential covalent ligands for the histamine H3 receptor (H3R). Starting from a 2-amino-pyrimidine scaffold, optimization of anchor moiety and warhead followed by fine-tuning of the required reactivity via scaffold hopping resulted in the isothiocyanate H3R ligand 44. It shows high reactivity toward glutathione combined with appropriate stability in water and reacts selectively with the cysteine sidechain in a model nonapeptide equipped with nucleophilic residues. The covalent interaction of 44 with H3R was validated with washout experiments and leads to inverse agonism on H3R. Irreversible binder 44 (VUF15662) may serve as a useful tool compound to stabilize the inactive H3R conformation and to study the consequences of prolonged inhibition of the H3R.
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14
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Kühn C, Kupke F, Baldermann S, Klopsch R, Lamy E, Hornemann S, Pfeiffer AFH, Schreiner M, Hanschen FS, Rohn S. Diverse Excretion Pathways of Benzyl Glucosinolate in Humans after Consumption of Nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus L.)-A Pilot Study. Mol Nutr Food Res 2018; 62:e1800588. [PMID: 30091516 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201800588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Different metabolic and excretion pathways of the benzyl glucosinolate breakdown products benzyl isothiocyanate and benzyl cyanide are investigated to obtain information about their multiple fate after ingestion. Detailed focus is on the so far underestimated transformation/excretion pathways-protein conjugation and exhalation. METHODS AND RESULTS Metabolites, protein conjugates, and non-conjugated isothiocyanates are determined in plasma, urine, and breath of seven volunteers after consuming freeze-dried nasturtium or bread enriched with nasturtium. Samples are collected up to 48 h at selected time points. The metabolites of the mercapturic acid pathway are detectable in plasma up to 24 h after consumption. Additionally, mercapturic acid is the main metabolite in urine, but non-conjugated benzyl isothiocyanate is detectable as well. Protein conjugates show high amounts in plasma even 48 h after consumption. In breath, benzyl isothiocyanate and benzyl cyanide are detectable up to 48 h after consumption. CONCLUSION Isothiocyanates are not only metabolized via the mercapturic acid pathway, but also form protein conjugates in blood and are exhaled. To balance intake and excretion, it is necessary to investigate all potential metabolites and excretion routes. This has important implications for the understanding of physiological and pharmacological effects of isothiocyanate-containing products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Kühn
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Hamburg School of Food Science, University of Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, 20146, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Franziska Kupke
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Hamburg School of Food Science, University of Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, 20146, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Susanne Baldermann
- Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Theodor-Echtermeyer-Weg 1, D-14979, Großbeeren, Germany
| | - Rebecca Klopsch
- Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Theodor-Echtermeyer-Weg 1, D-14979, Großbeeren, Germany
| | - Evelyn Lamy
- Molecular Preventive Medicine, Institute for Infection Prevention and Hospital Infection Control, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Breisacher Str. 115b, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Silke Hornemann
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Andreas F H Pfeiffer
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Monika Schreiner
- Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Theodor-Echtermeyer-Weg 1, D-14979, Großbeeren, Germany
| | - Franziska S Hanschen
- Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Theodor-Echtermeyer-Weg 1, D-14979, Großbeeren, Germany
| | - Sascha Rohn
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Hamburg School of Food Science, University of Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, 20146, Hamburg, Germany
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15
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Kühn C, von Oesen T, Herz C, Schreiner M, Hanschen FS, Lamy E, Rohn S. In Vitro Determination of Protein Conjugates in Human Cells by LC-ESI-MS/MS after Benzyl Isothiocyanate Exposure. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:6727-6733. [PMID: 29879845 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b01309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Glucosinolates and their breakdown products, especially isothiocyanates (ITCs), are hypothesized to exert a broad range of bioactivities. However, physiological mechanisms are not yet completely understood. In this study, formation of protein conjugates after incubation with benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC) was investigated in vitro. A survey of protein conjugates was done by determining BITC cysteine and lysine amino acid conjugates after protein digestion. Therefore, a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) method was developed and validated. Stability studies showed that cysteine conjugates are not stable under alkaline conditions, and lysine conjugates did not show any correlation to pH values, although stability increased at low temperatures. Lysine conjugates were the preferred form of protein conjugates, and longer BITC exposure times led to higher amounts. Knowledge about the reaction sites of ITCs in eukaryotic cells may help to understand the mode of action of ITCs leading to health promoting as well as toxicological effects in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Kühn
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Hamburg School of Food Science , University of Hamburg , Grindelallee 117 , 20146 Hamburg , Germany
| | - Tobias von Oesen
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Hamburg School of Food Science , University of Hamburg , Grindelallee 117 , 20146 Hamburg , Germany
| | - Corinna Herz
- Molecular Preventive Medicine, Institute for Infection Prevention and Hospital Infection Control, Medical Center , University of Freiburg , 79106 Freiburg , Germany
| | - Monika Schreiner
- Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops , Theodor-Echtermeyer-Weg 1 , D-14979 Großbeeren , Germany
| | - Franziska S Hanschen
- Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops , Theodor-Echtermeyer-Weg 1 , D-14979 Großbeeren , Germany
| | - Evelyn Lamy
- Molecular Preventive Medicine, Institute for Infection Prevention and Hospital Infection Control, Medical Center , University of Freiburg , 79106 Freiburg , Germany
| | - Sascha Rohn
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Hamburg School of Food Science , University of Hamburg , Grindelallee 117 , 20146 Hamburg , Germany
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16
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Karlsson I, Samuelsson K, Simonsson C, Stenfeldt AL, Nilsson U, Ilag LL, Jonsson C, Karlberg AT. The Fate of a Hapten - From the Skin to Modification of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) in Lymph Nodes. Sci Rep 2018; 8:2895. [PMID: 29440696 PMCID: PMC5811565 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21327-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin (contact) allergy, the most prevalent form of immunotoxicity in humans, is caused by low molecular weight chemicals (haptens) that penetrate stratum corneum and modify endogenous proteins. The fate of haptens after cutaneous absorption, especially what protein(s) they react with, is largely unknown. In this study the fluorescent hapten tetramethylrhodamine isothiocyanate (TRITC) was used to identify hapten-protein conjugates in the local lymph nodes after topical application, as they play a key role in activation of the adaptive immune system. TRITC interacted with dendritic cells but also with T and B cells in the lymph nodes as shown by flow cytometry. Identification of the most abundant TRITC-modified protein in lymph nodes by tandem mass spectrometry revealed TRITC-modification of the N-terminal proline of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) – an evolutionary well-conserved protein involved in cell-mediated immunity and inflammation. This is the first time a hapten-modified protein has been identified in lymph nodes after topical administration of the hapten. Most haptens are electrophiles and can therefore modify the N-terminal proline of MIF, which has an unusually reactive amino group under physiological conditions; thus, modification of MIF by haptens may have an immunomodulating role in contact allergy as well as in other immunotoxicity reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Karlsson
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Kristin Samuelsson
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Dermatochemistry, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Carl Simonsson
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Dermatochemistry, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna-Lena Stenfeldt
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Dermatochemistry, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ulrika Nilsson
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Leopold L Ilag
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Charlotte Jonsson
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Dermatochemistry, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ann-Therese Karlberg
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Dermatochemistry, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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17
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Ramzy AG, Lammintausta K, Matura M, Bråred Christensson J, Nilsson U, Hagvall L. Isothiocyanates are important as haptens in contact allergy to chloroprene rubber. Br J Dermatol 2017; 177:522-530. [PMID: 28295200 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.15444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Contact allergy to chloroprene rubber products is well known. Thiourea compounds are considered the cause of allergy. Diethylthiourea commonly occurs in this type of product and can decompose to the sensitizer ethyl isothiocyanate. OBJECTIVES To investigate the clinical importance of degradation products and metabolites from organic thioureas in contact allergy to chloroprene rubber with a focus on isothiocyanates and isocyanates. METHODS Patients with contact allergy to diphenylthiourea were patch tested with phenyl isothiocyanate and phenyl isocyanate. Patients with known contact allergy to diethylthiourea were retested with diethylthiourea, while chemical analyses of their chloroprene rubber products were performed. The stability of diethylthiourea, diphenylthiourea and dibutylthiourea in patch-test preparations was investigated. Liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry and solid-phase microextraction/gas chromatography were used for determination of organic thioureas and isothiocyanates. RESULTS All patients allergic to diphenylthiourea reacted to phenyl isothiocyanate, two of eight reacted to phenyl isocyanate and six of eight reacted to diphenylthiourea. Four patients allergic to diethylthiourea reacted at retest; diethylthiourea was detected in all chloroprene rubber samples, with levels of 2-1200 nmol cm-2 . At 35 °C, ethyl isothiocyanate was emitted from all samples. Patch-test preparations of diethylthiourea, diphenylthiourea and dibutylthiourea all emitted the corresponding isothiocyanate, with diethylthiourea showing the highest rate of isothiocyanate emission. CONCLUSIONS Thiourea compounds are degraded to isothiocyanates, which are generally strong or extreme sensitizers, thus acting as prehaptens. This process occurs in both chloroprene rubber products and patch-test preparations. Positive reactions to phenyl isocyanate indicate cutaneous metabolism, as the only known source of exposure to phenyl isocyanate is through bioactivation of diphenylthiourea.
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Affiliation(s)
- A G Ramzy
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 16, Stockholm, SE-106 91, Sweden
| | - K Lammintausta
- Department of Dermatology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, 20521, Finland
| | - M Matura
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Stockholm County Council and Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 171 77, Sweden
| | - J Bråred Christensson
- Department of Dermatology, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, 413 45, Sweden.,Dermatochemistry, Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, 412 96, Sweden
| | - U Nilsson
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 16, Stockholm, SE-106 91, Sweden
| | - L Hagvall
- Department of Dermatology, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, 413 45, Sweden
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18
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Zhao N, Williams TM, Zhou Z, Fronczek FR, Sibrian-Vazquez M, Jois SD, Vicente MGH. Synthesis of BODIPY-Peptide Conjugates for Fluorescence Labeling of EGFR Overexpressing Cells. Bioconjug Chem 2017; 28:1566-1579. [PMID: 28414435 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.7b00211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Regioselective functionalization of 2,3,5,6,8-pentachloro-BODIPY 1 produced unsymmetric BODIPY 5, bearing an isothiocyanate group suitable for conjugation, in only four steps. The X-ray structure of 5 reveals a nearly planar BODIPY core with aryl dihedral angles in the range 47.4-62.9°. Conjugation of 5 to two EGFR-targeting pegylated peptides, 3PEG-LARLLT (6) and 3PEG-GYHWYGYTPQNVI (7), under mild conditions (30 min at room temperature), afforded BODIPY conjugates 8 and 9 in 50-80% isolated yields. These conjugates showed red-shifted absorption and emission spectra compared with 5, in the near-IR region, and were evaluated as potential fluorescence imaging agents for EGFR overexpressing cells. SPR and docking investigations suggested that conjugate 8 bearing the LARLLT sequence binds to EGFR more effectively than 9 bearing the GYHWYGYTPQNVI peptide, in part due to the lower solubility of 9, and its tendency for aggregation at concentrations above 10 μM. Studies in human carcinoma HEp2 cells overexpressing EGFR demonstrated low dark and photo cytotoxicities for BODIPY 5 and the two peptide conjugates, and remarkably high cellular uptake for both conjugates 8 and 9, up to 90-fold compared with BODIPY 5 after 1 h. Fluorescence imaging studies in HEp2 cells revealed subcellular localization of the BODIPY-peptide conjugates mainly in the Golgi apparatus and the cell lysosomes. The low cytotoxicity of the new conjugates and their remarkably high uptake into EGFR overexpressing cells renders them promising imaging agents for cancers overexpressing EGFR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University , Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Tyrslai M Williams
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University , Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Zehua Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University , Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Frank R Fronczek
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University , Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Martha Sibrian-Vazquez
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University , Portland, Oregon 97201, United States
| | - Seetharama D Jois
- Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe , Monroe, Louisiana 71201, United States
| | - M Graça H Vicente
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University , Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
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19
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Kasiappan R, Jutooru I, Karki K, Hedrick E, Safe S. Benzyl Isothiocyanate (BITC) Induces Reactive Oxygen Species-dependent Repression of STAT3 Protein by Down-regulation of Specificity Proteins in Pancreatic Cancer. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:27122-27133. [PMID: 27875298 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.746339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The antineoplastic agent benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC) acts by targeting multiple pro-oncogenic pathways/genes, including signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3); however, the mechanism of action is not well known. As reported previously, BITC induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) in Panc1, MiaPaCa2, and L3.6pL pancreatic cancer cells. This was accompanied by induction of apoptosis and inhibition of cell growth and migration, and these responses were attenuated in cells cotreated with BITC plus glutathione (GSH). BITC also decreased expression of specificity proteins (Sp) Sp1, Sp3, and Sp4 transcription factors (TFs) and several pro-oncogenic Sp-regulated genes, including STAT3 and phospho-STAT3 (pSTAT3), and GSH attenuated these responses. Knockdown of Sp TFs by RNA interference also decreased STAT3/pSTAT3 expression. BITC-induced ROS activated a cascade of events that included down-regulation of c-Myc, and it was also demonstrated that c-Myc knockdown decreased expression of Sp TFs and STAT3 These results demonstrate that in pancreatic cancer cells, STAT3 is an Sp-regulated gene that can be targeted by BITC and other ROS inducers, thereby identifying a novel therapeutic approach for targeting STAT3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Kasiappan
- From the Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-4466
| | - Indira Jutooru
- From the Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-4466
| | - Keshav Karki
- From the Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-4466
| | - Erik Hedrick
- From the Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-4466
| | - Stephen Safe
- From the Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-4466
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20
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Rehman T, Khan MM, Shad MA, Hussain M, Oyler BL, Goo YA, Goodlett DR. Detection of Carbofuran-Protein Adducts in Serum of Occupationally Exposed Pesticide Factory Workers in Pakistan. Chem Res Toxicol 2016; 29:1720-1728. [PMID: 27657490 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.6b00222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the protein adducts with pesticides in a cohort of 172 factory workers that were exposed to a mixture of pesticides. The 35 samples showing considerable variation in biochemical parameters, i.e., butyrylcholinestrase (BChE), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP/ALKP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine phosphokinase (CPK) enzymes, and controls were analyzed by reversed-phase nanoscale liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (nLC-MS/MS) on an Orbitrap mass spectrometer employing a shotgun proteomics approach. Only protein adducts with carbofuran were found on serum proteins of these workers. These adducts were of carbofuran labeled lysine (Lys-142, Lys-183, Lys-287, and Lys-467), arginine (Arg-210, Arg-242, and Arg-256) from serum albumin, and serine (Ser-07, Ser-54, and Ser-150) from immunoglobulin proteins. The arginine residues (Arg-210, Arg-242, Arg-246, and Arg-434) from albumin were also found to be glycated in serum of workers showing a high level of glucose who also had glycated arginine (Arg-1120) modified with carbofuran in their tankyrase-1-binding protein. The number of tandem mass spectra of modified peptides increased with increasing time of exposure. This is the first report to demonstrate the presence of carbofuran-labeled albumin, immunoglobulin, and glycated arginine, which shows that lysine and arginine of human albumin and serine of immunoglobulin are covalently modified in the serum of workers that were occupationally exposed to carbofuran, and the modification is detectable by tandem mass spectrometry. These peptides modified with carbofuran can potentially be used as a biomarker of carbofuran exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanzila Rehman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy , Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Mohd M Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy , Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | | | | | - Benjamin L Oyler
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy , Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Young Ah Goo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy , Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - David R Goodlett
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy , Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
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21
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Migliore M, Pontis S, Fuentes de Arriba AL, Realini N, Torrente E, Armirotti A, Romeo E, Di Martino S, Russo D, Pizzirani D, Summa M, Lanfranco M, Ottonello G, Busquet P, Jung KM, Garcia-Guzman M, Heim R, Scarpelli R, Piomelli D. Second-Generation Non-Covalent NAAA Inhibitors are Protective in a Model of Multiple Sclerosis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201603746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Migliore
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development; Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia; via Morego 30 16163 Genoa Italy
| | - Silvia Pontis
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development; Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia; via Morego 30 16163 Genoa Italy
| | - Angel Luis Fuentes de Arriba
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development; Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia; via Morego 30 16163 Genoa Italy
| | - Natalia Realini
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development; Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia; via Morego 30 16163 Genoa Italy
| | - Esther Torrente
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development; Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia; via Morego 30 16163 Genoa Italy
| | - Andrea Armirotti
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development; Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia; via Morego 30 16163 Genoa Italy
| | - Elisa Romeo
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development; Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia; via Morego 30 16163 Genoa Italy
| | - Simona Di Martino
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development; Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia; via Morego 30 16163 Genoa Italy
| | - Debora Russo
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development; Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia; via Morego 30 16163 Genoa Italy
| | - Daniela Pizzirani
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development; Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia; via Morego 30 16163 Genoa Italy
| | - Maria Summa
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development; Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia; via Morego 30 16163 Genoa Italy
| | - Massimiliano Lanfranco
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development; Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia; via Morego 30 16163 Genoa Italy
| | - Giuliana Ottonello
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development; Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia; via Morego 30 16163 Genoa Italy
| | - Perrine Busquet
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development; Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia; via Morego 30 16163 Genoa Italy
| | - Kwang-Mook Jung
- Departments of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Pharmacology and Biological Chemistry; University of California; Irvine CA 92697-4625 USA
| | - Miguel Garcia-Guzman
- Anteana Therapeutics; 11189 Sorrento Valley Road, Suite 104 San Diego CA 92121 USA
| | - Roger Heim
- Anteana Therapeutics; 11189 Sorrento Valley Road, Suite 104 San Diego CA 92121 USA
| | - Rita Scarpelli
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development; Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia; via Morego 30 16163 Genoa Italy
| | - Daniele Piomelli
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development; Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia; via Morego 30 16163 Genoa Italy
- Departments of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Pharmacology and Biological Chemistry; University of California; Irvine CA 92697-4625 USA
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22
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Migliore M, Pontis S, Fuentes de Arriba AL, Realini N, Torrente E, Armirotti A, Romeo E, Di Martino S, Russo D, Pizzirani D, Summa M, Lanfranco M, Ottonello G, Busquet P, Jung KM, Garcia-Guzman M, Heim R, Scarpelli R, Piomelli D. Second-Generation Non-Covalent NAAA Inhibitors are Protective in a Model of Multiple Sclerosis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:11193-11197. [PMID: 27404798 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201603746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Revised: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) and oleoylethanolamide (OEA) are endogenous lipid mediators that suppress inflammation. Their actions are terminated by the intracellular cysteine amidase, N-acylethanolamine acid amidase (NAAA). Even though NAAA may offer a new target for anti-inflammatory therapy, the lipid-like structures and reactive warheads of current NAAA inhibitors limit the use of these agents as oral drugs. A series of novel benzothiazole-piperazine derivatives that inhibit NAAA in a potent and selective manner by a non-covalent mechanism are described. A prototype member of this class (8) displays high oral bioavailability, access to the central nervous system (CNS), and strong activity in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis (MS). This compound exemplifies a second generation of non-covalent NAAA inhibitors that may be useful in the treatment of MS and other chronic CNS disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Migliore
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Silvia Pontis
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Angel Luis Fuentes de Arriba
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Natalia Realini
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Esther Torrente
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Andrea Armirotti
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Elisa Romeo
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Simona Di Martino
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Debora Russo
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Daniela Pizzirani
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Maria Summa
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Lanfranco
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Giuliana Ottonello
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Perrine Busquet
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Kwang-Mook Jung
- Departments of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Pharmacology and Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-4625, USA
| | - Miguel Garcia-Guzman
- Anteana Therapeutics, 11189 Sorrento Valley Road, Suite 104, San Diego CA 92121, USA
| | - Roger Heim
- Anteana Therapeutics, 11189 Sorrento Valley Road, Suite 104, San Diego CA 92121, USA
| | - Rita Scarpelli
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Daniele Piomelli
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy.,Departments of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Pharmacology and Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-4625, USA
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