1
|
Horie Y, Sawada A, Dorcas U, Ramaswamy BR, Iguchi T. Iopanoic acid alters thyroid hormone-related gene expression, thyroid hormone levels, swim bladder inflation, and swimming performance in Japanese medaka. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2024; 281:109930. [PMID: 38663833 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.109930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/30/2024]
Abstract
Disruption of the thyroid hormone system by synthetic chemicals is gaining attention owing to its potential negative effects on organisms. In this study, the effects of the dio-inhibitor iopanoic acid (IOP) on the levels of thyroid hormone and related gene expression, swim bladder inflation, and swimming performance were investigated in Japanese medaka. Iopanoic acid exposure suppressed thyroid-stimulating hormone β (tshβ), tshβ-like, iodotyronin deiodinase 1 (dio1), and dio2 expression, and increased T4 and T3 levels. In addition, IOP exposure inhibited swim bladder inflation, reducing swimming performance. Although adverse outcome pathways of thyroid hormone disruption have been developed using zebrafish, no adverse outcome pathways have been developed using Japanese medaka. This study confirmed that IOP inhibits dio expression (a molecular initiating event), affects T3 and T4 levels (a key event), and reduces swim bladder inflation (a key event) and swimming performance (an adverse outcome) in Japanese medaka.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshifumi Horie
- Research Center for Inland Seas (KURCIS), Kobe University, Fukaeminami-machi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-0022, Japan.
| | - Ayaka Sawada
- Graduate School of Maritime Science, Kobe University, Fukaeminami-machi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-0022, Japan
| | - Uaciquete Dorcas
- Research Center for Inland Seas (KURCIS), Kobe University, Fukaeminami-machi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-0022, Japan
| | - Babu Rajendran Ramaswamy
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, School of Environmental Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620024, India
| | - Taisen Iguchi
- Graduate School of Nanobioscience, Yokohama City University, 22-2 Seto, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0027, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wigh IMN, Andersen L, Lundgaard MH, Torp NMU, Karmisholt J, Andersen S, Andersen SL. Agreement between routinely used immunoassays for thyroid function testing in non-pregnant and pregnant adults. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2024. [PMID: 38630936 DOI: 10.1111/cen.15062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Thyroid function tests are common biochemical analyses, and agreement between the routinely used immunoassays is important for diagnosis and monitoring of thyroid disease. Efforts are continuously made to align the biochemical assays, and we aimed to evaluate the agreement between immunoassays used in a clinical laboratory setting among non-pregnant and pregnant adults. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS Serum samples were obtained from 192 blood donors (non-pregnant adults) and from 86 pregnant women in the North Denmark Region with no known thyroid disease. MEASUREMENTS Each sample was used for measurement of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) with the routinely used automatic immunoassays in the regional Departments of Clinical Biochemistry (Alinity, Abbott Laboratories, Cobas, Roche Diagnostics, and Atellica, Siemens Healthineers) and reported as the median with 95% confidence interval (95% CI). RESULTS In nonpregnant adults, the level of TSH was higher with Cobas and Atellica than with Alinity as reflected by median (Alinity: 1.39 mIU/L (95% CI: 1.30-1.51 mIU/L); Cobas: 1.57 mIU/L (95% CI: 1.48-1.75 mIU/L); Atellica: 1.74 mIU/L (95% CI: 1.61-1.83 mIU/L)). Similarly, a trend was seen towards higher median TSH with Cobas than with Alinity among pregnant women (Alinity: 1.90 mIU/L (95% CI: 1.37-2.82 mIU/L); Cobas: 2.33 mIU/L (95% CI: 1.69-3.62 mIU/L)). CONCLUSION Results of thyroid function tests obtained with different immunoassays were not interchangeable when evaluated among pregnant and non-pregnant adults. The distinct differences are relevant for clinical decision making and emphasize the necessity of clinical laboratory information when different assays are used for diagnosis and monitoring of patients with thyroid disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ida Marie Nørum Wigh
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Lærke Andersen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Maja Hjelm Lundgaard
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Nanna Maria Uldall Torp
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Jesper Karmisholt
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Endocrinology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Stig Andersen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Geriatrics, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Stine Linding Andersen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ichinokawa H, Takamochi K, Fukui M, Hattori A, Matsunaga T, Suzuki K. Investigating the predictive factors of thoracic aortic invasion and surgical outcomes in patients with primary lung cancer: A retrospective study. Thorac Cancer 2024. [PMID: 38623823 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.15311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate predictors of thoracic aortic invasion in lung cancer patients using preoperative clinical and imaging characteristics and elucidate surgical outcomes in cases of aortic invasion. METHODS Of the 4751 lung cancer patients who underwent surgery at our hospital, we included 126 (6.8%) who underwent left-sided surgery and in whom tumor appeared to be in contact with the thoracic aorta on preoperative imaging. The patients were divided into two groups: group A, 23 patients (18%) who underwent combined aortic resection (+); group B, 103 patients (82%) who did not undergo combined aortic resection (-). RESULTS The percentage of aortic invasion for tumor diameter <3 cm, 3-4 cm, 4-5 cm, 5-7 cm, and >7 cm was 0%, 13%, 23%, 16%, and 35%, respectively. The percentages of aortic invasion were 27%, 16%, and 0% for tumor localization in the upper division, S6, and S10, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that aortic depression due to tumor or loss of fatty tissue between tumor and mediastinum in the chest CT significantly predicted aortic invasion (odds ratio = 23.83, 16.66). Group A demonstrated significantly more blood loss, longer operative time, prolonged hospital stay, and increased percentage of recurrent nerve palsy (13%) compared to group B. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates for patients in group A were 53.4%, 24.3%, and 24.3%, respectively. CONCLUSION If the chest CT of a patient demonstrates aortic depression due to tumor or loss of fatty tissue between tumor and mediastinum, aortic complications should be considered when planning surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hideomi Ichinokawa
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Juntendo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuya Takamochi
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Juntendo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mariko Fukui
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Juntendo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aritoshi Hattori
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Juntendo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Matsunaga
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Juntendo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Suzuki
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Juntendo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zheng Y, Xue F, Ou D, Niu X, Hu C, He X. Deletion of concurrent chemotherapy on the basis of sequential chemoradiotherapy for non-metastatic stage T4 nasopharyngeal carcinoma in IMRT era. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e6578. [PMID: 38457191 PMCID: PMC10922019 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) combined with concurrent chemotherapy is deemed as the mainstay treatment in locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Nevertheless, the tolerance of severe acute toxicity of concurrent chemotherapy was unsatisfied. In addition, T4 is the predicting factor of poor prognosis for NPC patients. In this retrospective analysis, the long-term outcomes IMRT combined by induction chemotherapy deleting concurrent chemotherapy with or without adjuvant chemotherapy for T4 non-metastatic NPC were analyzed. MATERIALS AND METHODS From January 2005 to November 2016, a total of 145 biopsy-proven non-metastatic T4 NPC was treated with IMRT combined by induction chemotherapy with or without adjuvant chemotherapy. The survival and side effects of the patients were analyzed. RESULTS Median follow-up time was 74 months (ranges, 8-186 months). 10.0%, 61.3%, 27.3%, and 1.3% developed grade 1, 2, 3, and 4 mucositis during IMRT, respectively. 5.5% and 2.0% patients experienced grade 1 and 2 nausea and vomiting; no patients developed grade 3 or 4 nausea and vomiting. Of 145 patients enrolled, 5-year and 10-year overall survival(OS) rates were 73.7% and 53.9%, local progression-free survival(LPFS) rates were 86.1% and 71.6%, regional progression-free survival(RPFS) rates were 96.7% and 92.8%, distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) rates were 86.7%, 78.2%, respectively. At the last follow-up, five patients developed cranial nerve injury, one patient developed mandibular bone necrosis, four patients developed temporal lobe injury, four patients developed nasopharyngeal massive hemorrhage (three cases after recurrence and one case without recurrence), and five patients developed second primary tumor. CONCLUSION The survival outcomes of treating T4 NPC IMRT combined by induction chemotherapy deleting concurrent chemotherapy with or without adjuvant chemotherapy are encouraging. Moreover, mucosal reaction, nausea, and vomiting reaction were reduced during IMRT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuming Zheng
- Department of Radiation OncologyFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Radiation OncologyShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation OncologyShanghaiChina
| | - Fen Xue
- Department of Radiation OncologyFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Radiation OncologyShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation OncologyShanghaiChina
| | - Dan Ou
- Department of Radiation OncologyFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Radiation OncologyShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation OncologyShanghaiChina
| | - Xiaoshuang Niu
- Department of Radiation OncologyFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Radiation OncologyShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation OncologyShanghaiChina
| | - Chaosu Hu
- Department of Radiation OncologyFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Radiation OncologyShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation OncologyShanghaiChina
| | - Xiayun He
- Department of Radiation OncologyFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Radiation OncologyShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation OncologyShanghaiChina
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Forner-Piquer I, Baig AH, Kortenkamp A. Disruption of the thyroid hormone system and patterns of altered thyroid hormones after gestational chemical exposures in rodents - a systematic review. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 14:1323284. [PMID: 38352246 PMCID: PMC10863050 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1323284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
We present a comprehensive overview of changes in thyroxine (T4) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) serum concentrations after pre-gestational, gestational and/or lactation exposures of rodents to various chemicals that affect the thyroid hormone system. We show that T4 and TSH changes consistent with the idealized view of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) feedback loop (T4 decrements accompanied by TSH increases) are observed with only a relatively small set of chemicals. Most substances affect concentrations of various thyroid hormones without increasing TSH. Studies of altered T4 concentrations after gestational exposures are limited to a relatively small set of chemicals in which pesticides, pharmaceuticals and industrial chemicals are under-represented. Our risk-of-bias analysis exposed deficits in T4/TSH analytics as a problem area. By relating patterns of T4 - TSH changes to mode-of-action (MOA) information, we found that chemicals capable of disrupting the HPT feedback frequently affected thyroid hormone synthesis, while substances that produced T4 serum decrements without accompanying TSH increases lacked this ability, but often induced liver enzyme systems responsible for the elimination of TH by glucuronidation. Importantly, a multitude of MOA leads to decrements of serum T4. The current EU approaches for identifying thyroid hormone system-disrupting chemicals, with their reliance on altered TH serum levels as indicators of a hormonal mode of action and thyroid histopathological changes as indicators of adversity, will miss chemicals that produce T4/T3 serum decreases without accompanying TSH increases. This is of concern as it may lead to a disregard for chemicals that produce developmental neurotoxicity by disrupting adequate T4/T3 supply to the brain, but without increasing TSH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Andreas Kortenkamp
- Centre for Pollution Research and Policy, Department of Life Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Almukainzi M, AlQahtani R, Alanazi R, Alamri R, Alayed H. Insight of the Biopharmaceutical Implication of Sleeve Gastrectomy on Levothyroxine Absorption in Hypothyroidism Patients. Obes Surg 2024; 34:192-197. [PMID: 38091193 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-023-06970-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The growing rate of obesity led to an increased number of bariatric surgeries (BS) as a treatment option for obesity. The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) changes following BS can impact many drugs' absorption. Levothyroxine (LT4) is a synthetic thyroxine (T4) replacement used commonly as tablets to manage hypothyroidism disorder, which is more prevalent among patients with obesity. This study aims to examine the LT4 oral tablet form therapy after sleeve gastrectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective cohort study was conducted in multi-center. The LT4 doses and TSH and T4 levels were compared before and after BS. The post-surgery readings were categorized into three periods: (one to three months), (four to six months), and (> six ) months after surgery. ANOVA test was used for analysis. RESULTS A total of 14374 patients who underwent BS from (1/2019 to 3/2022) were screened for eligibility, and n = 101 participants matched the inclusion criteria. The TSH and T4 were not statistically significant differences before and after surgery (P-values of 0.4864 and 0.5970, respectively). However, the doses significantly differed before and after surgery in all the follow-up time point periods (P < 0.002). CONCLUSION The LT4 required doses significantly reduced after sleeve gastrectomy, which can be related to the improved endogenous thyroid production in patients with obesity. However, the abnormality of the GIT induced by the sleeve gastrectomy may affect the exogenous LT4 absorption. Using liquid forms of LT4 while monitoring the thyroid function parameters can optimize the treatment after the procedure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- May Almukainzi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, 11671, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Reem AlQahtani
- College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, 11671, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rimah Alanazi
- College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, 11671, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rawan Alamri
- College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, 11671, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hajar Alayed
- Pharmaceutical Care, Dr. Suliman AlHabib Medical Group, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yuan Y, Zhuang Y, Cui Y, Liu Y, Zhang Q, Xiao Q, Meng Q, Jiang J, Hao W, Wei X. IL-10-TG/TPO- T4 axis, the target of bis (2-ethylhexyl) tetrabromophthalate on thyroid function imbalance. Toxicology 2024; 501:153713. [PMID: 38135142 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2023.153713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Bis (2-ethylhexyl) tetrabromophthalate (TBPH) is a new type of brominated flame retardant. Some studies suggest that TBPH exposure may be associated with thyroid damage. However, there is a paucity of research on the authentic exposure-related effects and molecular mechanisms in animals or cells. In this study, we used male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats and the Nthy ori3-1 cell line (the human thyroid follicular epithelial cell) to explore the potential effects of TBPH (5, 50, 500 mg/kg and 1, 10, 100 nM) on the thyroid. The genes and their proteins of cytokines and thyroid-specific proteins, thyroglobulin (TG), thyroid peroxidase (TPO), and sodium iodide cotransporter (NIS) were examined to investigate the possible mechanisms. At the end of the experiment, it was found that 50 and 500 mg/kg TBPH could increase the levels of total thyroxine (TT4) and free thyroxine (FT4) significantly. The messenger RNAs (mRNAs) of Tg, Tpo, Interleukin-6 (Il6), and Interleukin-10 (Il10) in the thyroid tissues from the rats treated with 500 mg/kg were enhanced clearly. Meanwhile, the mRNAs of TG, TPO, IL6, and IL10 were elevated in Nthy ori3-1 cells treated with 100 nM TBPH as well. The mRNAs of TG and TPO were elevated after the knockdown of IL6. To our surprise, after the knockdown of IL10 or the treatment of anti-IL-10-receptor (anti-IL-10-R) antibody, the mRNAs of TG and TPO were significantly reduced, and the effects of TBPH were diminished. In conclusion, our results suggested that the IL-10-IL-10R-TG/TPO-T4 axis is one important target of TBPH in the thyroid.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuese Yuan
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Yimeng Zhuang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Yuan Cui
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Yuetong Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Qiong Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Qianqian Xiao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Qinghe Meng
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Jianjun Jiang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Weidong Hao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Xuetao Wei
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing 100191, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Černá P, Antonakakis M, Peralta J, Kofron K, Hawley J, Morris A, Lappin MR. Total thyroxine and thyroid-stimulating hormone responses of healthy cats to different doses of thyrotropin-releasing hormone. J Vet Diagn Invest 2024; 36:56-61. [PMID: 37968868 PMCID: PMC10734576 DOI: 10.1177/10406387231212816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) stimulation can be used as a test of thyroid function and pituitary thyrotropin (thyroid-stimulating hormone, TSH) reserve, but optimal stimulation testing protocols in cats are unreported. We randomly divided 6 healthy young adult cats into 3 groups of 2 and administered 3 different intravenous doses of TRH (0.01, 0.05, 0.1 mg/kg) at weekly intervals in our crossover study. Serum TSH and thyroxine (T4) concentrations were measured using chemiluminescent immunoassay before, and at 30 and 60 min after, TRH administration. All cats were monitored for 4 h post-TRH administration for side effects. All 3 TRH doses induced significant TSH (0.01 mg/kg, p = 0.001; 0.05 mg/kg, p = 0.002; 0.1 mg/kg, p = 0.006) and total T4 (0.01 mg/kg, p = 0.008; 0.05 mg/kg, p = 0.006; 0.1 mg/kg, p = 0.001) responses. Lower TRH doses (0.01 and 0.05 mg/kg) caused fewer side effects (1 of 6 cats) than did the highest dose (3 of 6 cats), and may be safer in cats than the previously reported higher dose (0.1 mg/kg) of TRH. Our results do not support the use of maropitant to prevent side effects of a TRH stimulation test in cats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Petra Černá
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Markos Antonakakis
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Jade Peralta
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Kristine Kofron
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Jennifer Hawley
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Arianne Morris
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Michael R. Lappin
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Qi C, Hu L, Zhang C, Wang K, Qiu B, Yi J, Shen Y. Role of surgery in T4N0-3M0 esophageal cancer. World J Surg Oncol 2023; 21:369. [PMID: 38008742 PMCID: PMC10680323 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-023-03239-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate an unsettled issue that whether T4 esophageal cancer could benefit from surgery. METHODS Patients with T4N0-3M0 esophageal cancer from 2004 to 2015 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database were included in this study. Kaplan-Meier method, Cox proportional hazard regression, and propensity score matching (PSM) were used to compare overall survival (OS) between the surgery and no-surgery group. RESULTS A total of 1822 patients were analyzed. The multivariable Cox regression showed the HR (95% CI) for surgery vs. no surgery was 0.492 (0.427-0.567) (P < 0.001) in T4N0-3M0 cohort, 0.471 (0.354-0.627) (P < 0.001) in T4aN0-3M0 cohort, and 0.480 (0.335-0.689) (P < 0.001) in T4bN0-3M0 cohort. The HR (95% CI) for neoadjuvant therapy plus surgery vs. no surgery and surgery without neoadjuvant therapy vs. no surgery were 0.548 (0.461-0.650) (P < 0.001) and 0.464 (0.375-0.574) (P < 0.001), respectively. No significant OS difference was observed between neoadjuvant therapy plus surgery and surgery without neoadjuvant therapy: 0.966 (0.686-1.360) (P = 0.843). Subgroup analyses and PSM-adjusted analyses showed consistent results. CONCLUSION Surgery might bring OS improvement for T4N0-3M0 esophageal cancer patients, no matter in T4a disease or in T4b disease. Surgery with and without neoadjuvant therapy might both achieve better OS than no surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Qi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Liwen Hu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, China
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Jinling Clinical Medical School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Kang Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, China
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Jinling Clinical Medical School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Bingmei Qiu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, 210004, China
| | - Jun Yi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, China.
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Jinling Clinical Medical School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210002, China.
| | - Yi Shen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, China.
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Jinling Clinical Medical School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210002, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Siemes D, Vancamp P, Markova B, Spangenberg P, Shevchuk O, Siebels B, Schlüter H, Mayerl S, Heuer H, Engel DR. Proteome Analysis of Thyroid Hormone Transporter Mct8/Oatp1c1-Deficient Mice Reveals Novel Dysregulated Target Molecules Involved in Locomotor Function. Cells 2023; 12:2487. [PMID: 37887331 PMCID: PMC10605308 DOI: 10.3390/cells12202487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyroid hormone (TH) transporter MCT8 deficiency causes severe locomotor disabilities likely due to insufficient TH transport across brain barriers and, consequently, compromised neural TH action. As an established animal model for this disease, Mct8/Oatp1c1 double knockout (DKO) mice exhibit strong central TH deprivation, locomotor impairments and similar histo-morphological features as seen in MCT8 patients. The pathways that cause these neuro-motor symptoms are poorly understood. In this paper, we performed proteome analysis of brain sections comprising cortical and striatal areas of 21-day-old WT and DKO mice. We detected over 2900 proteins by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, 67 of which were significantly different between the genotypes. The comparison of the proteomic and published RNA-sequencing data showed a significant overlap between alterations in both datasets. In line with previous observations, DKO animals exhibited decreased myelin-associated protein expression and altered protein levels of well-established neuronal TH-regulated targets. As one intriguing new candidate, we unraveled and confirmed the reduced protein and mRNA expression of Pde10a, a striatal enzyme critically involved in dopamine receptor signaling, in DKO mice. As altered PDE10A activities are linked to dystonia, reduced basal ganglia PDE10A expression may represent a key pathogenic pathway underlying human MCT8 deficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Devon Siemes
- Department of Immunodynamics, Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Duisburg-Essen, 45141 Essen, Germany; (D.S.); (P.S.); (O.S.); (D.R.E.)
| | - Pieter Vancamp
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (P.V.); (B.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Boyka Markova
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (P.V.); (B.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Philippa Spangenberg
- Department of Immunodynamics, Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Duisburg-Essen, 45141 Essen, Germany; (D.S.); (P.S.); (O.S.); (D.R.E.)
| | - Olga Shevchuk
- Department of Immunodynamics, Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Duisburg-Essen, 45141 Essen, Germany; (D.S.); (P.S.); (O.S.); (D.R.E.)
| | - Bente Siebels
- Section Mass Spectrometric Proteomics, Diagnostic Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (B.S.); (H.S.)
| | - Hartmut Schlüter
- Section Mass Spectrometric Proteomics, Diagnostic Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (B.S.); (H.S.)
| | - Steffen Mayerl
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (P.V.); (B.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Heike Heuer
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (P.V.); (B.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Daniel Robert Engel
- Department of Immunodynamics, Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Duisburg-Essen, 45141 Essen, Germany; (D.S.); (P.S.); (O.S.); (D.R.E.)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Sano O, Ito M, Saito M, Toita A, Tanaka T, Maezaki H, Araki S, Iwata H. Novel quinazolin-4(3H)-one based Cyclin K degraders regulate alternative polyadenylation activity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 676:6-12. [PMID: 37480690 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Phenotypic screening is gaining attention as a powerful method for identifying compounds that regulate cellular phenotypes of interest through novel mechanisms of action. Recently, a new modality of compounds, called molecular glues, which can induce the degradation of target proteins by forming ternary complexes of E3 ligases, has emerged from phenotypic screening. In this study, using global proteomic analysis, we identified a novel Cyclin K degrader, T4, which was previously discovered through phenotypic screening for alternative polyadenylation regulation. Our detailed mechanistic analysis revealed that T4 induced Cyclin K degradation, leading to the regulation of alternative polyadenylation. Additionally, we generated a more potent Cyclin K degrader, TR-213, through a structure-activity relationship study of T4. T4 and TR-213 are structurally distinct from other Cyclin K degraders and can be used as novel chemical tools to further analyze the degradation of Cyclin K and the regulation of alternative polyadenylation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Osamu Sano
- Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan.
| | - Masahiro Ito
- Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masayo Saito
- Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Akinori Toita
- Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Toshio Tanaka
- Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hironobu Maezaki
- Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Araki
- Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hidehisa Iwata
- Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Harino T, Yamasaki M, Murai S, Yamashita K, Tanaka K, Makino T, Saito T, Yamamoto K, Takahashi T, Kurokawa Y, Nakajima K, Tomiyama N, Eguchi H, Nakamura H, Doki Y. Impact of MRI on the post-therapeutic diagnosis of T4 esophageal cancer. Esophagus 2023; 20:740-748. [PMID: 37233847 DOI: 10.1007/s10388-023-01010-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Opportunities for T4b esophageal cancer patients to receive curative surgery are increasing with the development of multidisciplinary treatments. However, the best modality to accurately diagnose infiltration to the organs surrounding T4b esophageal cancer is still unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the performance of CT and MRI in diagnosing T stage in T4b esophageal cancer, with reference to the pathological diagnosis. METHODS A retrospective medical records review of patients with T4b esophageal cancer patients from January 2017 to December 2021 was conducted. Among 125 patients who were treated for cT4b esophageal cancer in Osaka University Hospital, 30 patients were diagnosed with cT4b esophageal cancer by CT, ycT staging with CT (contrast-enhanced images) and MRI (T2-FSE images), and curative R0 resection was performed. Preoperative MRI staging was independently performed by two experienced radiologists. The diagnostic performance of CT and MRI were examined using McNemar's test. RESULTS Nineteen and 12 patients were diagnosed with ycT4b by CT and MRI, respectively. Combined T4b organ resection was performed in 15 patients. A pathological diagnosis of ypT4b was made in 11 cases. In comparison to CT, MRI showed a higher diagnostic performance, specificity (47% vs. 89%, p = 0.013), and accuracy (60% vs. 90%, p = 0.015) for CT vs. MRI. CONCLUSIONS Our results-with reference to the pathological diagnosis-revealed that MRI had a superior diagnostic performance to CT for diagnosing T4b esophageal cancer invading the surrounding organs. An accurate diagnosis of T4b esophageal cancer may facilitate the implementation of appropriate treatment strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Harino
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Makoto Yamasaki
- Department of Surgery, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1, Shin-machi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan.
| | - Sachiko Murai
- Department of Radiology, Saito Yukokai Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kotaro Yamashita
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Koji Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomoki Makino
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takuro Saito
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Yamamoto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Takahashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yukinori Kurokawa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kiyokazu Nakajima
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Tomiyama
- Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Eguchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Yuichiro Doki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Harrison K, Snead D, Kilts A, Ammerman ML, Wigginton KR. The Protective Effect of Virus Capsids on RNA and DNA Virus Genomes in Wastewater. Environ Sci Technol 2023; 57:13757-13766. [PMID: 37656816 PMCID: PMC10516120 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c03814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Virus concentrations measured in municipal wastewater help inform both the water treatment necessary to protect human health and wastewater-based epidemiology. Wastewater measurements are typically PCR-based, and interpreting gene copy concentrations requires an understanding of the form and stability of the nucleic acids. Here, we study the persistence of model virus genomes in wastewater, the protective effects provided by the virus capsids, and the relative decay rates of the genome and infectious viruses. In benchtop batch experiments in wastewater influent at 25 °C, extraviral (+)ssRNA and dsDNA amplicons degraded by 90% within 15-19 min and 1.6-1.9 h, respectively. When encapsidated, the T90 for MS2 (+)ssRNA increased by 424× and the T90 for T4 dsDNA increased by 52×. The (+)ssRNA decay rates were similar for a range of amplicon sizes. For our model phages MS2 and T4, the nucleic acid signal in untreated wastewater disappeared shortly after the viruses lost infectivity. Combined, these results suggest that most viral genome copies measured in wastewater are encapsidated, that measured concentrations are independent of assay amplicon sizes, and that the virus genome decay rates of nonenveloped (i.e., naked) viruses are similar to inactivation rates. These findings are valuable for the interpretation of wastewater virus measurements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine
R. Harrison
- Department of Civil &
Environmental Engineering, University of
Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Delaney Snead
- Department of Civil &
Environmental Engineering, University of
Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Anna Kilts
- Department of Civil &
Environmental Engineering, University of
Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Michelle L. Ammerman
- Department of Civil &
Environmental Engineering, University of
Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Krista R. Wigginton
- Department of Civil &
Environmental Engineering, University of
Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Alcaide Martin A, Mayerl S. Local Thyroid Hormone Action in Brain Development. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12352. [PMID: 37569727 PMCID: PMC10418487 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Proper brain development essentially depends on the timed availability of sufficient amounts of thyroid hormone (TH). This, in turn, necessitates a tightly regulated expression of TH signaling components such as TH transporters, deiodinases, and TH receptors in a brain region- and cell-specific manner from early developmental stages onwards. Abnormal TH levels during critical stages, as well as mutations in TH signaling components that alter the global and/or local thyroidal state, result in detrimental consequences for brain development and neurological functions that involve alterations in central neurotransmitter systems. Thus, the question as to how TH signaling is implicated in the development and maturation of different neurotransmitter and neuromodulator systems has gained increasing attention. In this review, we first summarize the current knowledge on the regulation of TH signaling components during brain development. We then present recent advances in our understanding on how altered TH signaling compromises the development of cortical glutamatergic neurons, inhibitory GABAergic interneurons, cholinergic and dopaminergic neurons. Thereby, we highlight novel mechanistic insights and point out open questions in this evolving research field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Steffen Mayerl
- Department of Endocrinology Diabetes & Metabolism, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147 Essen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Gkantzios A, Karapepera V, Tsiptsios D, Liaptsi E, Christidi F, Gkartzonika E, Karatzetzou S, Kokkotis C, Kyrtsopoulos M, Tsiakiri A, Bebeletsi P, Chaidemenou S, Koutsokostas C, Tsamakis K, Baltzi M, Mpalampanos D, Aggelousis N, Vadikolias K. Investigating the Predictive Value of Thyroid Hormone Levels for Stroke Prognosis. Neurol Int 2023; 15:926-953. [PMID: 37606393 PMCID: PMC10443262 DOI: 10.3390/neurolint15030060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Given the expansion of life expectancy, the aging of the population, and the anticipated rise in the number of stroke survivors in Europe with severe neurological consequences in the coming decades, stroke is becoming the most prevalent cause of functional disability. Therefore, the prognosis for a stroke must be timely and precise. Two databases (MEDLINE and Scopus) were searched to identify all relevant studies published between 1 January 2005 and 31 December 2022 that investigated the relationship between thyroid hormone levels and acute stroke severity, mortality, and post-hospital prognosis. Only full-text English-language articles were included. This review includes Thirty articles that were traced and incorporated into the present review. Emerging data regarding the potential predictive value of thyroid hormone levels suggests there may be a correlation between low T3 syndrome, subclinical hypothyroidism, and poor stroke outcome, especially in certain age groups. These findings may prove useful for rehabilitation and therapy planning in clinical practice. Serum thyroid hormone concentration measurement is a non-invasive, relatively harmless, and secure screening test that may be useful for this purpose.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aimilios Gkantzios
- Neurology Department, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (A.G.); (V.K.); (E.L.); (F.C.); (S.K.); (M.K.); (A.T.); (P.B.); (S.C.); (C.K.); (K.V.)
| | - Vaia Karapepera
- Neurology Department, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (A.G.); (V.K.); (E.L.); (F.C.); (S.K.); (M.K.); (A.T.); (P.B.); (S.C.); (C.K.); (K.V.)
| | - Dimitrios Tsiptsios
- Neurology Department, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (A.G.); (V.K.); (E.L.); (F.C.); (S.K.); (M.K.); (A.T.); (P.B.); (S.C.); (C.K.); (K.V.)
| | - Eirini Liaptsi
- Neurology Department, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (A.G.); (V.K.); (E.L.); (F.C.); (S.K.); (M.K.); (A.T.); (P.B.); (S.C.); (C.K.); (K.V.)
| | - Foteini Christidi
- Neurology Department, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (A.G.); (V.K.); (E.L.); (F.C.); (S.K.); (M.K.); (A.T.); (P.B.); (S.C.); (C.K.); (K.V.)
| | - Elena Gkartzonika
- School of Philosophy, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece;
| | - Stella Karatzetzou
- Neurology Department, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (A.G.); (V.K.); (E.L.); (F.C.); (S.K.); (M.K.); (A.T.); (P.B.); (S.C.); (C.K.); (K.V.)
| | - Christos Kokkotis
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Democritus University of Thrace, 69100 Komotini, Greece; (C.K.); (M.B.); (D.M.); (N.A.)
| | - Mihail Kyrtsopoulos
- Neurology Department, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (A.G.); (V.K.); (E.L.); (F.C.); (S.K.); (M.K.); (A.T.); (P.B.); (S.C.); (C.K.); (K.V.)
| | - Anna Tsiakiri
- Neurology Department, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (A.G.); (V.K.); (E.L.); (F.C.); (S.K.); (M.K.); (A.T.); (P.B.); (S.C.); (C.K.); (K.V.)
| | - Paschalina Bebeletsi
- Neurology Department, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (A.G.); (V.K.); (E.L.); (F.C.); (S.K.); (M.K.); (A.T.); (P.B.); (S.C.); (C.K.); (K.V.)
| | - Sofia Chaidemenou
- Neurology Department, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (A.G.); (V.K.); (E.L.); (F.C.); (S.K.); (M.K.); (A.T.); (P.B.); (S.C.); (C.K.); (K.V.)
| | - Christos Koutsokostas
- Neurology Department, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (A.G.); (V.K.); (E.L.); (F.C.); (S.K.); (M.K.); (A.T.); (P.B.); (S.C.); (C.K.); (K.V.)
| | - Konstantinos Tsamakis
- King’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London SE5 8AF, UK;
| | - Maria Baltzi
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Democritus University of Thrace, 69100 Komotini, Greece; (C.K.); (M.B.); (D.M.); (N.A.)
| | - Dimitrios Mpalampanos
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Democritus University of Thrace, 69100 Komotini, Greece; (C.K.); (M.B.); (D.M.); (N.A.)
| | - Nikolaos Aggelousis
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Democritus University of Thrace, 69100 Komotini, Greece; (C.K.); (M.B.); (D.M.); (N.A.)
| | - Konstantinos Vadikolias
- Neurology Department, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (A.G.); (V.K.); (E.L.); (F.C.); (S.K.); (M.K.); (A.T.); (P.B.); (S.C.); (C.K.); (K.V.)
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Yoshino R, Yoshida N, Ito A, Ujiie N, Nakatsubo M, Kitada M. Surgical resection of a large invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma: A case report. Clin Case Rep 2023; 11:e7707. [PMID: 37465244 PMCID: PMC10350663 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.7707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma often presents with pneumonia-like findings on imaging, which complicates its diagnosis. This case demonstrates that aggressive bronchoscopy is useful for examining infiltrating shadows in the lung field and large tumors occupying the entire lung lobe should be treated cautiously when lung parenchyma develops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryusei Yoshino
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Breast SurgeryAsahikawa Medical University HospitalAsahikawa‐shiJapan
| | - Nana Yoshida
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Breast SurgeryAsahikawa Medical University HospitalAsahikawa‐shiJapan
| | - Akane Ito
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Breast SurgeryAsahikawa Medical University HospitalAsahikawa‐shiJapan
| | - Nanami Ujiie
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Breast SurgeryAsahikawa Medical University HospitalAsahikawa‐shiJapan
| | - Masaki Nakatsubo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Breast SurgeryAsahikawa Medical University HospitalAsahikawa‐shiJapan
| | - Masahiro Kitada
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Breast SurgeryAsahikawa Medical University HospitalAsahikawa‐shiJapan
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Aydogdu YF, Emreol U, Emre G, Buyukkasap C, Akin M. Determination of Diagnostic Features of Serum Thyroid Hormones and Thyroglobulin Ratios in Normothyroid Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma Cases. Sisli Etfal Hastan Tip Bul 2023; 57:257-262. [PMID: 37899801 PMCID: PMC10600635 DOI: 10.14744/semb.2023.77012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Objectives Ultrasonography and fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) are the gold standard methods in the prediction of benign and malignant thyroid nodules. However, despite being easily applicable, FNAB is an invasive procedure. Less invasive biomarkers should be utilized in the diagnosis of thyroid malignancies. In this study, we aimed to determine the parameters that can be used in the diagnosis of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) based on the serum thyroid and thyroglobulin (TG) levels which are routinely checked in patients followed up for thyroid nodules. Methods In the study, we evaluated patients who underwent thyroid surgery for nodular diseases between January 2015 and June 2022. Of the 1444 patients evaluated, 919 patients who met the inclusion criteria (normothyroid benign nodular disease or normothyroid DTC) were included in the study. Patients were divided into two groups as benign group (BG) and DTC group (DTCG). We compared patients' pre-operative serum thyroid and TG values and the diagnostic properties of their ratios. Results Of the 919 patients included, 517 (56.3%) were in BG and 402 (43.7%) were in DTCG. In DTCG, 318 patients were female and 84 patients were male. The mean age in the DTCG was 47.8 years. Comparison of DTCG and BG revealed a significant difference between T3/T4 ratio (p=0.002), T3/TSH ratio (p≤0.001), T4/TSH ratio (p≤0.001), TG/TSH ratio (p≤0.001), and TSH/TG ratio (p≤0.001). However, evaluation of the specified values by ROC analysis showed that the T3/T4 ratio did not make a significant difference between the two groups (p=0.1), whereas the other values displayed a significant difference (p≤0.001 for T3/TSH, p=0.001 for T4/TSH, p≤0.001 for TG/TSH, and p<0.001 for TSH/TG). Conclusion T3/TSH (cutoff =2.183), T4/TSH (cutoff=0.6), and TG/TSH (cutoff=29.67) values were found to be significant tumor markers for the prediction of malignancy in thyroid nodules, and low values were found to be associated with malignancy. TSH/TG (cutoff=0.031) value was also significant in predicting malignancy while high values were found to be associated with malignancy. Thyroid hormone and TG ratios may alter the preferred treatment method for thyroid nodules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Umut Emreol
- Department of General Surgery, Usak Training and Research Hospital, Usak, Türkiye
| | - Gulcek Emre
- Department of General Surgery, Polatli Duatepe State Hospital, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Cagri Buyukkasap
- Department of General Surgery, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Murat Akin
- Department of General Surgery, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Türkiye
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Tamrakar S, Kimmel JG, Chung-Davidson YW, Buchinger TJ, Scribner KT, Li W. Determination of thyroid hormones in lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) tissues at different developmental stages using a sensitive liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2023; 1226:123803. [PMID: 37356218 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2023.123803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid hormones (TH) are known to play an important role in the growth and development of vertebrates. In fish species, TH regulates the larval-juvenile metamorphosis, and is crucial for development during early life stages. Monitoring the variations in TH levels at different life stages can provide insights into the regulation of metamorphosis and fish development. In this study, we developed an extremely sensitive method for the quantification of thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3), and reverse-triiodothyronine (rT3), in lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) tissues from eggs, free embryos, larvae, and juveniles. The target compounds were extracted by an enzymatic digestion method, followed by protein precipitation. Further cleanup was performed by liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) and solid phase extraction (SPE) using SampliQ OPT cartridges. The liquid-chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method used to quantify TH compounds showed remarkably high sensitivity with the limit of detection (LOD) and the limit of quantification (LOQ) ranging from < 1 pg/mL to 10 pg/mL and linearity in the range of 10-50,000 pg/mL. This method was validated for tissue samples across several early developmental stages and was checked for intra- and inter-day accuracy (78.3-111.2 %) and precision (0.1-4.9 %), matrix effect (75.4-134.1 %), and recovery (41.2-69.0 %). The method was successfully applied for the quantification and comparison of T4, T3 and rT3 in hatchery raised lake sturgeon samples collected at unique time points (i.e., days post fertilization dpf) including fertilized eggs (11 dpf), free embryos (14 dpf), larvae (22 dpf), juveniles (40 dpf) and older juveniles (74 dpf). With modifications, this method could be applied to other species important for agriculture or conservation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sonam Tamrakar
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Jacob G Kimmel
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Yu-Wen Chung-Davidson
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Tyler J Buchinger
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Kim T Scribner
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA; Department of Integrative Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Weiming Li
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Mayerl S, Heuer H. lThyroid hormone transporter Mct8/Oatp1c1 deficiency compromises proper oligodendrocyte maturation in the mouse CNS. Neurobiol Dis 2023:106195. [PMID: 37307933 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Proper CNS myelination depends on the timed availability of thyroid hormone (TH) that induces differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) to mature, myelinating oligodendrocytes. Abnormal myelination is frequently observed in Allan-Herndon-Dudley syndrome caused by inactivating mutations in the TH transporter MCT8. Likewise, persistent hypomyelination is a key CNS feature of the Mct8/Oatp1c1 double knockout (Dko) mouse model, a well-established mouse model for human MCT8 deficiency that exhibits diminished TH transport across brain barriers and thus a TH deficient CNS. Here, we explored whether decreased myelin content is caused by an impairment in oligodendrocyte maturation. To that end, we studied OPC and oligodendrocyte populations in Dko mice versus wild-type and single TH transporter knockout animals at different developmental time points (at postnatal days P12, P30, and P120) using multi-marker immunostaining and confocal microscopy. Only in Dko mice we observed a reduction in cells expressing the oligodendroglia marker Olig2, encompassing all stages between OPCs and mature oligodendrocytes. Moreover, Dko mice exhibited at all analysed time points an increased portion of OPCs and a reduced number of mature oligodendrocytes both in white and grey matter regions indicating a differentiation blockage in the absence of Mct8/Oatp1c1. We also assessed cortical oligodendrocyte structural parameters by visualizing and counting the number of mature myelin sheaths formed per oligodendrocyte. Again, only Dko mice displayed a reduced number of myelin sheaths that in turn exhibited an increase in length indicating a compensatory response to the reduced number of mature oligodendrocyte. Altogether, our studies underscore an oligodendrocyte differentiation impairment and altered oligodendrocyte structural parameters in the global absence of Mct8 and Oatp1c1. Both mechanisms most likely do not only cause the abnormal myelination state but also contribute to compromised neuronal functionality in Mct8/Oatp1c1 deficient animals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Mayerl
- Dept. of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
| | - Heike Heuer
- Dept. of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Klee AN, Torchia JA, Freeman GJ. Novel Antimurine Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Receptor Monoclonal Antibodies. Monoclon Antib Immunodiagn Immunother 2023; 42:109-114. [PMID: 37343169 PMCID: PMC10282802 DOI: 10.1089/mab.2022.0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoantibodies against thyroid proteins are present in several thyroid diseases. Thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) is a G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that binds to thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and stimulates production of thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). When agonized by anti-TSHR autoantibodies, aberrant production of thyroid hormone can lead to Graves' Disease (GD). In Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), anti-TSHR autoantibodies target the thyroid for immune attack. To better understand the role of anti-TSHR antibodies in thyroid disease, we generated a set of rat antimouse (m)TSHR monoclonal antibodies with a range of affinities, blocking of TSH, and agonist activity. These antibodies could be used to investigate the etiology and therapy of thyroid disease in mouse models and as building blocks in protein therapeutics that target the thyroid for treatment in either HT or GD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa N. Klee
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - James A. Torchia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gordon J. Freeman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Papakonstantinou S. Assessment of serum glutamate dehydrogenase activity and comparison to serum alanine aminotransferase activity in cats with increased blood total T4 concentration. J Vet Diagn Invest 2023; 35:300-303. [PMID: 36744764 PMCID: PMC10185985 DOI: 10.1177/10406387231153931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH), a key enzyme in amino acid oxidation and urea production, is mainly derived from the liver and its activity may increase with hepatocellular necrosis. Feline hyperthyroidism is associated with elevated serum activities of various enzymes, but the pattern of serum GLDH activity has not been reported, to our knowledge. Feline clinical biochemistry results from 2 commercial diagnostic laboratories were reviewed retrospectively to assess changes in serum GLDH activity in cats with significantly elevated serum total T4 concentrations, which is highly suggestive of hyperthyroidism. A total of 2,773 records were analyzed, of which 2,370 (85%) had normal total T4 (≤50 nmol/L) and 403 (15%) had increased total T4 (≥60 nmol/L) concentrations. Among cats with an increased total T4 concentration, 26.5% had increased serum GLDH activity. All cats with increased GLDH activity also had increased serum ALT activity. In 42.9% of cats, ALT activity was increased, but GLDH activity was normal. In 30.5% of cats, both serum GLDH and ALT activities were within RIs. The fold-increase of GLDH activity was almost half of the ALT fold-increase. Although serum GLDH activity increased in some cats with hyperthyroidism, serum ALT activity increased more frequently and to a greater extent.
Collapse
|
22
|
Taylor PN, Lansdown A, Witczak J, Khan R, Rees A, Dayan CM, Okosieme O. Age-related variation in thyroid function - a narrative review highlighting important implications for research and clinical practice. Thyroid Res 2023; 16:7. [PMID: 37009883 PMCID: PMC10069079 DOI: 10.1186/s13044-023-00149-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thyroid hormones are key determinants of health and well-being. Normal thyroid function is defined according to the standard 95% confidence interval of the disease-free population. Such standard laboratory reference intervals are widely applied in research and clinical practice, irrespective of age. However, thyroid hormones vary with age and current reference intervals may not be appropriate across all age groups. In this review, we summarize the recent literature on age-related variation in thyroid function and discuss important implications of such variation for research and clinical practice. MAIN TEXT There is now substantial evidence that normal thyroid status changes with age throughout the course of life. Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) concentrations are higher at the extremes of life and show a U-shaped longitudinal trend in iodine sufficient Caucasian populations. Free triiodothyronine (FT3) levels fall with age and appear to play a role in pubertal development, during which it shows a strong relationship with fat mass. Furthermore, the aging process exerts differential effects on the health consequences of thyroid hormone variations. Older individuals with declining thyroid function appear to have survival advantages compared to individuals with normal or high-normal thyroid function. In contrast younger or middle-aged individuals with low-normal thyroid function suffer an increased risk of adverse cardiovascular and metabolic outcomes while those with high-normal function have adverse bone outcomes including osteoporosis and fractures. CONCLUSION Thyroid hormone reference intervals have differential effects across age groups. Current reference ranges could potentially lead to inappropriate treatment in older individuals but on the other hand could result in missed opportunities for risk factor modification in the younger and middle-aged groups. Further studies are now needed to determine the validity of age-appropriate reference intervals and to understand the impact of thyroid hormone variations in younger individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter N Taylor
- Thyroid Research Group Institute of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, C2 link corridor, UHW, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK.
- Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK.
| | - Andrew Lansdown
- Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Justyna Witczak
- Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Rahim Khan
- Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Aled Rees
- Thyroid Research Group Institute of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, C2 link corridor, UHW, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK
- Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
| | - Colin M Dayan
- Thyroid Research Group Institute of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, C2 link corridor, UHW, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK
| | - Onyebuchi Okosieme
- Thyroid Research Group Institute of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, C2 link corridor, UHW, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK
- Diabetes Department, Prince Charles Hospital, Cwm Taf Morgannwg University Health Board, Merthyr Tydfil, UK
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Yue R, Hui B, Chen H. EFFECT OF THE C-TERMINUS OF TSHR ON T4 AND TRAB EXPRESSION IN BALB/C MICE. Acta Endocrinol (Buchar) 2023; 19:149-154. [PMID: 37908889 PMCID: PMC10614581 DOI: 10.4183/aeb.2023.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Context The expression of TSHR-C on the serum tetraiodothyronine (T4) and TSH receptor antibody (TRAb) levels are rarely studied. Objective The effect of TSHR-c on T4 and TRAb levels and concomitant thyroid histological changes in mice was investigated. Design Animal experimental study. Subjects and methods Female BALB/c mice at 6-8 weeks of age were immunized with the thyroid stimulating hormone receptor antigen C-terminus (TSHR-C), and randomly divided into control group (treated with the corresponding concentrations of normal saline) and four experimental subgroups: TSHR-c1 subgroup (4 µg), TSHR-c2 subgroup (6 µg), TSHR-c3 subgroup (8 µg) and TSHR-c4 subgroup (10 µg). Serum T4 and TRAb levels were determined. Results The serum T4 level decreased significantly in the experimental mice as the concentration increased. All the experimental mice were positive for serum TRAb (experimental groups: 40 positive/40, 100% vs. control group: 3 positive/10, 30%) compared to the control group (P =0.000). HE staining showed that the follicles in the control mice were composed of small to medium-sized round follicles, whereas the follicles in the experimental mice were irregularly enlarged under light microscope. Conclusions TSHR-c immunization resulted in thyroid hormone changes like those observed in hypothyroidism, probably due to the induction of TRAb generation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R.H. Yue
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Department of Endocrine Metabolic, Lanzhou
| | - B. Hui
- Qingdao Municipal Hospital Group East Hospital - No.1, Department of Cardiology, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - H. Chen
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Department of Endocrine Metabolic, Lanzhou
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Seifert J, Chen Y, Schöning W, Mai K, Tacke F, Spranger J, Köhrle J, Wirth EK. Hepatic Energy Metabolism under the Local Control of the Thyroid Hormone System. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24. [PMID: 36902289 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The energy homeostasis of the organism is orchestrated by a complex interplay of energy substrate shuttling, breakdown, storage, and distribution. Many of these processes are interconnected via the liver. Thyroid hormones (TH) are well known to provide signals for the regulation of energy homeostasis through direct gene regulation via their nuclear receptors acting as transcription factors. In this comprehensive review, we summarize the effects of nutritional intervention like fasting and diets on the TH system. In parallel, we detail direct effects of TH in liver metabolic pathways with regards to glucose, lipid, and cholesterol metabolism. This overview on hepatic effects of TH provides the basis for understanding the complex regulatory network and its translational potential with regards to currently discussed treatment options of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) involving TH mimetics.
Collapse
|
25
|
McDermott JD, Amini A, Molina E, Stokes WA, Karam SD. Treatment outcomes and cost comparisons for older adults with T4 laryngeal squamous cell cancer. Head Neck 2023; 45:664-674. [PMID: 36563300 PMCID: PMC10626713 DOI: 10.1002/hed.27284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate treatment modalities of T4 larynx cancer in older adults using SEER-Medicare. METHODS The database was queried for patients aged 66 and older with nonmetastatic T4 laryngeal squamous cell cancer from 2006 to 2015. Treatment modalities compared were surgery plus chemoradiation (SCR), surgery plus radiation (SR), chemoradiation (CR), surgery (S), and radiation (R). Multivariate analysis and Kaplan-Meier methods were used to explore the relationship of treatment modality and survival. Total cancer-related costs were calculated. RESULTS A total of 438 patients met inclusion criteria. Patients receiving CR or SR had similar CSS to SCR (HR 1.36 and HR 1.24, respectively). Those receiving S (HR 2.00) or R (HR 2.41) had significantly worse CSS. Similar findings were observed for OS. Cancer care-related costs were not significantly different but highest in SCR ($162215) and lowest in R ($121421). CONCLUSION Older patients with T4 larynx cancer had similar survival rates when treated with CR, SR, and SCR. Average total health care costs were not significantly different between modalities. Patients not eligible for triple-modality could consider these other treatment options.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica D McDermott
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Arya Amini
- Department of Radiation Oncology, City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Elizabeth Molina
- Department of Health Systems, Management, and Policy, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - William A Stokes
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Sana D Karam
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Malhotra G, Lafaro K, Konstantinidis I, Melstrom L, Hannah M, Lai L, Melstrom K, Sentovich S, Kaiser A, Paz IB, Raoof M. Tumor extent impacts survival benefit in minimally invasive colectomy for T4 colon cancer: A propensity matched national cohort analysis. J Surg Oncol 2023; 127:657-667. [PMID: 36444478 DOI: 10.1002/jso.27162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND T4 colon cancers have been underrepresented in randomized trials comparing minimally invasive colectomy (MC) versus open colectomy (OC). Retrospective studies suggest improved survival with MC versus OC, but have not addressed the impact of tumor extent. METHODS Using the National Cancer Database (NCDB), we analyzed patients undergoing colectomy for T4 colon adenocarcinoma from 2010 to 2014. Propensity score matching was performed between MC and OC patients. Tumor extent was defined by zones based on adjacent organ involvement. RESULTS Of the 19 178 eligible patients, 6564 (34%) underwent MC. After matching, MC was associated with improved overall survival (hazard ratios: 0.71, 95% confidence interval: 0.67-0.76; median OS 59 vs. 42 months, p < 0.001). Compared to MC patients, those undergoing OC had: a higher margin positive rate (p = 0.009); lower median nodes examined (p < 0.001); a lower rate of adjuvant chemotherapy (p < 0.001); and a longer median time to chemotherapy (p < 0.001). Stratified survival analyses demonstrated that MC was associated with improved overall survival compared to OC in all zones except zone 3 and 4. CONCLUSIONS Compared to OC, MC for T4 colon cancer is associated with improved oncologic outcomes when performed for zone 0-2 tumors. For, zone 3 and 4 tumors MC and OC have similar oncologic outcomes and patients should be cautiously selected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gautam Malhotra
- Department of Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Kelly Lafaro
- Department of Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | | | - Laleh Melstrom
- Department of Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Mark Hannah
- Department of Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Lily Lai
- Department of Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Kurt Melstrom
- Department of Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Steven Sentovich
- Department of Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Andreas Kaiser
- Department of Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Isaac B Paz
- Department of Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Mustafa Raoof
- Department of Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Ishiyama Y, Hirano Y, Tanaka H, Yonezawa H, Sasaki M, Fujii T, Okazaki N, Ishii T, Deguchi K. Does Pathological T-Factor Affect Long-term Prognosis of Locally Advanced Colorectal Cancer Treated With Laparoscopic Multivisceral Resection? Cancer Diagn Progn 2023; 3:236-243. [PMID: 36875298 PMCID: PMC9949537 DOI: 10.21873/cdp.10207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Locally advanced colorectal cancer (LACC) has poor long-term outcomes. Our hypothesis was that the pathological tumor depth would affect postoperative outcomes in patients who underwent multivisceral resection with clear margins (R0). The aim of this study was to analyze short- and long-term outcomes in patients who underwent multivisceral resection for LACC, comparing between T3 and T4 stages. PATIENTS AND METHODS This was a propensity score-matched, retrospective study. All 8,764 consecutive patients who underwent surgery for colorectal cancer between April 2007 and January 2021 at the Saitama Medical University International Medical Center were screened; 572 underwent multivisceral resection for LACC. We compared the T3 and T4 groups to evaluate outcomes. RESULTS The 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) rates did not significantly differ between the two groups (hazard ratio=1.344, 95% confidence interval=0.638-2.907, p=0.33). The 5-year overall survival (OS) rates were significantly worse for the T4 group than for the T3 group (hazard ratio=3.162, 95% confidence interval=1.077-11.44), p=0.037). To determine the association between American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score, transfusion, pathological T and OS, we performed univariate and multivariate analyses. ASA, transfusion, and pathological T-stage were associated with worse OS in univariate analysis (T4 vs. T3, respectively). CONCLUSION Our study showed that postoperative complications and DFS of the T4 group were similar to those of the T3 group of locally advanced colorectal cancer treated with laparoscopic multivisceral resection. However, OS was worse in the T4 group compared with the T3 group. Multivariate risk factors for poor OS were ASA>2, transfusion, and T4 stage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Ishiyama
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Japan.,Department of Surgery, Kawasaki Saiwai Hospital, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Yasumitu Hirano
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Japan
| | - Hiroto Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Japan
| | - Hiroki Yonezawa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Japan
| | - Megumi Sasaki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Japan
| | - Takatugu Fujii
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Japan
| | - Naoto Okazaki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Japan
| | - Toshimasa Ishii
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Japan
| | - Katsuya Deguchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Karczewska M, Strzelecki P, Szalewska-Pałasz A, Nowicki D. How to Tackle Bacteriophages: The Review of Approaches with Mechanistic Insight. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054447. [PMID: 36901878 PMCID: PMC10003480 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteriophage-based applications have a renaissance today, increasingly marking their use in industry, medicine, food processing, biotechnology, and more. However, phages are considered resistant to various harsh environmental conditions; besides, they are characterized by high intra-group variability. Phage-related contaminations may therefore pose new challenges in the future due to the wider use of phages in industry and health care. Therefore, in this review, we summarize the current knowledge of bacteriophage disinfection methods, as well as highlight new technologies and approaches. We discuss the need for systematic solutions to improve bacteriophage control, taking into account their structural and environmental diversity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Karczewska
- Department of Bacterial Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Patryk Strzelecki
- Department of Bacterial Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, UMR7504, 23 rue du Loess, CEDEX 2, F-67034 Strasbourg, France
| | - Agnieszka Szalewska-Pałasz
- Department of Bacterial Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Dariusz Nowicki
- Department of Bacterial Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-58-523-6065
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Gomez Ruiz M, Ballestero Diego R, Tejedor P, Cagigas Fernandez C, Cristobal Poch L, Suarez Pazos N, Castillo Diego J. Robotic surgery for locally advanced T4 rectal cancer: feasibility and oncological quality. Updates Surg 2023; 75:589-597. [PMID: 36763301 DOI: 10.1007/s13304-023-01450-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
For T4 rectal tumours and local recurrences (LR) of rectal cancer, a radical resection beyond TME, sometimes by multi-visceral resection, is important to obtain safe margins and improve survival. The use of the laparoscopic approach (LA) for these cases is still controversial and associated with a high rate of conversion. However, robotic surgery might offer some advantages that can overcome some of the limitations of LA. Therefore, we aimed to analyse the postoperative outcomes and medium-term oncological results of robotic surgery for locally advanced rectal cancer (pathological T4) and LR. A retrospective analysis was performed including patients who had undergone robotic rectal resection in a single institution over an 11-year period, and had a T4 tumour confirmed in the pathological report. Primary endpoint was to analyse postoperative complications (30-day) and the rate of conversion. Secondary endpoints include pathological assessment of the quality of the specimen, local recurrence and survival [2-year disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS)]. A total of 41 patients were analysed, including a total of 24 patients (60%) that required a multivisceral resection. The median distance from the tumour to the anorectal junction was 7 (4-12) cm. Conversion to open surgery was necessary in 2 cases (5%). The overall morbidity rate was 78% (n = 32), with 37% of major complications, most of them urinary (n = 7). Median length of hospital stay (LOS) was 13 (7-27) days. The 30-day mortality rate was 7% (n = 3). An R0 resection was achieved in 85.4% of the cases (n = 35) due to 6 cases of the positive circumferential resection margin. 2-year disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) for the T4 tumours were 72% and 85%, respectively. There were 8 cases of local recurrence (22.2%); 6 of them met the selection criteria for salvage surgery. Robotic surgery for locally advanced T4 rectal cancer and multi-visceral resections is safe and feasible, with a low rate of conversion and an acceptable rate of postoperative morbidity in this subgroup of patients. Oncological results have shown to be comparable with the laparoscopic series published, preserving a good quality of the resected specimen. However, comparative studies and a longer follow-up period is needed to confirm the oncologic findings and to support the general adoption of the robotic system for these complex interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Gomez Ruiz
- Colorectal Surgery Unit, General Surgery Department, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, 39008, Santander, Spain
- Valdecilla Biomedical Research Institute (IDIVAL), 39010, Santander, Spain
| | - Roberto Ballestero Diego
- Urology, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, 39008, Santander, Spain
- Valdecilla Biomedical Research Institute (IDIVAL), 39010, Santander, Spain
| | - Patricia Tejedor
- Colorectal Surgery Unit, General Surgery Department, Gregorio Marañón University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Carmen Cagigas Fernandez
- Colorectal Surgery Unit, General Surgery Department, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, 39008, Santander, Spain
- Valdecilla Biomedical Research Institute (IDIVAL), 39010, Santander, Spain
| | - Lidia Cristobal Poch
- Colorectal Surgery Unit, General Surgery Department, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, 39008, Santander, Spain
- Valdecilla Biomedical Research Institute (IDIVAL), 39010, Santander, Spain
| | - Natalia Suarez Pazos
- Colorectal Surgery Unit, General Surgery Department, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, 39008, Santander, Spain
- Valdecilla Biomedical Research Institute (IDIVAL), 39010, Santander, Spain
| | - Julio Castillo Diego
- Colorectal Surgery Unit, General Surgery Department, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, 39008, Santander, Spain
- Valdecilla Biomedical Research Institute (IDIVAL), 39010, Santander, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Shallie PD, Naicker T, Nayak NR. Stress-Sensitive Regulators of Fetal Neurodevelopment in HIV and Preeclampsia: An Immunocytochemical Appraisal of Placental OGT and T4 Levels. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2023; 71:3. [PMID: 36681768 DOI: 10.1007/s00005-023-00668-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Preeclampsia and HIV are a significant burden to maternal health globally, especially in low-middle income countries such as South Africa. In the KwaZulu-Natal province, SA antenatal HIV prevalence is 41.1%, while PE is 12%. PE and HIV infections are maternal stress and inflammation that impact placental function and fetal development. Therefore, this study investigated the impact of the comorbidity of PE and HIV on placental stress and neurodevelopment. Placentae were obtained from four cohorts of pregnant women: normotensive HIV negative, normotensive HIV positive, preeclamptic HIV negative, and preeclamptic HIV positive. The placental tissue sections were immunostained for OGT and T4. Our findings showed that the maternal weight, diastolic, and systolic blood pressures (BP) were higher in PE vs. the normotensive groups, irrespective of HIV status. In addition, significant changes were noticed in the placental weight, fetoplacental ratio, and placental efficiency coefficient. Our findings showed that the maternal weight, diastolic, and systolic blood pressures (BP) were statistically higher in the PE compared to the normotensive. No significant differences were observed between HIV positive and HIV negative groups. In addition, significant changes were noticed in the placental weight, fetoplacental ratio, and placental coefficient. Furthermore, considerable upregulation in the placental expression of OGT in both the conducting and exchange villi of PE and concomitant downregulation in HIV-positive patients compared with Normotensive and HIV-negative individuals, respectively. Our results provide inferential evidence on the dysregulation of OGT in the comorbidity of PE and HIV. This may mediate a compromised programmed outcome of an adverse maternal environment during pregnancy and consequently affect fetal development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philemon D Shallie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, UMKC School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA.
| | - Thajasvarie Naicker
- Optics and Imaging Centre, Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
| | - Nihar R Nayak
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, UMKC School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Arayne AA, Gartrell R, Qiao J, Baird PN, Yeung JMC. Comparison of CT derived body composition at the thoracic T4 and T12 with lumbar L3 vertebral levels and their utility in patients with rectal cancer. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:56. [PMID: 36647027 PMCID: PMC9843961 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-10522-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Computed tomography (CT) derived body composition measurements of sarcopenia are an emerging form of prognostication in many disease processes. Although the L3 vertebral level is commonly used to measure skeletal muscle mass, other studies have suggested the utilisation of other segments. This study was performed to assess the variation and reproducibility of skeletal muscle mass at vertebral levels T4, T12 and L3 in pre-operative rectal cancer patients. If thoracic measurements were equivalent to those at L3, it will allow for body composition comparisons in a larger range of cancers where lumbar CT images are not routinely measured. RESEARCH METHODS Patients with stage I - III rectal cancer, undergoing curative resection from 2010 - 2014, were assessed. CT based quantification of skeletal muscle was used to determine skeletal muscle cross sectional area (CSA) and skeletal muscle index (SMI). Systematic differences between the measurements at L3 with T4 and T12 vertebral levels were evaluated by percentile rank differences to assess distribution of differences and ordinary least product regression (OLP) to detect and distinguish fixed and proportional bias. RESULTS Eighty eligible adult patients were included. Distribution of differences between T12 SMI and L3 SMI were more marked than differences between T4 SMI and L3 SMI. There was no fix or proportional bias with T4 SMI, but proportional bias was detected with T12 SMI measurements. T4 CSA duplicate measurements had higher test-retest reliability: coefficient of repeatability was 34.10 cm2 for T4 CSA vs 76.00 cm2 for T12 CSA. Annotation time (minutes) with L3 as reference, the median difference was 0.85 for T4 measurements and -0.03 for T12 measurements. Thirty-seven patients (46%) had evidence of sarcopenia at the L3 vertebral level, with males exhibiting higher rates of sarcopenia. However, there was no association between sarcopenia and post-operative complications, recurrence or hospital LOS (length of stay) in patients undergoing curative resection. CONCLUSIONS Quantifying skeletal muscle mass at the T4 vertebral level is comparable to measures achieved at L3 in patients with rectal cancer, notwithstanding annotation time for T4 measurements are longer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aisha A Arayne
- grid.417072.70000 0004 0645 2884Department of Surgery, Western Health, Footscray, VIC Australia
| | - Richard Gartrell
- grid.417072.70000 0004 0645 2884Department of Surgery, Western Health, Footscray, VIC Australia ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XDepartment of Surgery, Western Precinct, University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia ,grid.417072.70000 0004 0645 2884Department of Colorectal Surgery, Western Health, Footscray, VIC Australia
| | - Jing Qiao
- grid.417072.70000 0004 0645 2884Department of Surgery, Western Health, Footscray, VIC Australia
| | - Paul N Baird
- grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XDepartment of Surgery, Western Precinct, University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XDepartment of Surgery, Ophthalmology, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Justin MC Yeung
- grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XDepartment of Surgery, Western Precinct, University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia ,grid.417072.70000 0004 0645 2884Department of Colorectal Surgery, Western Health, Footscray, VIC Australia ,grid.417072.70000 0004 0645 2884Western Chronic Disease Alliance, Western Health, Sunshine, VIC Australia ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XDepartment of Surgery, Melbourne Medical School – Western Health, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Level 3, WCHRE Building, Sunshine Hospital, 176 Furlong Road, St Albans, VIC 3021 Australia
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Ishiyama Y, Tachimori Y, Harada T, Mochizuki I, Tomizawa Y, Ito S, Oneyama M, Amiki M, Hara Y, Narita K, Goto M, Sekikawa K, Hirano Y. Oncologic outcomes after laparoscopic versus open multivisceral resection for local advanced colorectal cancer: A meta-analysis. Asian J Surg 2023; 46:6-12. [PMID: 35568616 DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2022.02.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Laparoscopic (lap) colectomies for advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) often require resection of other organs. We systematically reviewed currently available literature on lap multi-visceral resection for CRC, with regard to short- and long-term oncological outcomes, and compared them with open procedures. We performed a systematic literature search in MEDLINE, EMBASE, Google Scholar and PubMed from inception to November 30, 2020. The aim of this study was to synthesize short-term and oncological outcomes associated with laparoscopic versus open surgery. Pooled proportions and risk ratios (RRs) were calculated using an inverse variance method. We included six observational cohort studies published between 2012 and 2020 (lap procedures: n = 262; open procedures: n = 273). Collectively, they indicated that postoperative complications were significantly more common after open surgeries than lap surgeries (RR: 0.53; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.39-0.72; P < 0.00001), but the two approaches did not significantly differ in positive resection margins (RR: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.38-1.50; P = 0.42), local recurrence (RR: 0.66; 95% CI: 0.28-1.62; P = 0.37), or (based on two evaluable studies) 5-year OS (RR: 0.70; 95% CI: 0.46-1.04; P = 0.08) or 5-year DFS (RR: 0.86; 95% CI: 0.67-1.11) for T4b disease. In conclusion, laparoscopic and open multi-visceral resections for advanced CRC have comparable oncologic outcomes. Although a randomized study would be ideal for further research, no such studies are currently available.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Ishiyama
- Department of Surgery, Kawasaki Saiwai Hospital, Kawasaki, Japan; Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Japan.
| | - Yuji Tachimori
- Department of Surgery, Kawasaki Saiwai Hospital, Kawasaki, Japan
| | | | | | - Yuki Tomizawa
- Department of Surgery, Kawasaki Saiwai Hospital, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Shingo Ito
- Department of Surgery, Kawasaki Saiwai Hospital, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Masaki Oneyama
- Department of Surgery, Kawasaki Saiwai Hospital, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Manabu Amiki
- Department of Surgery, Kawasaki Saiwai Hospital, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Hara
- Department of Surgery, Kawasaki Saiwai Hospital, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Narita
- Department of Surgery, Kawasaki Saiwai Hospital, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Manabu Goto
- Department of Surgery, Kawasaki Saiwai Hospital, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Koji Sekikawa
- Department of Surgery, Kawasaki Saiwai Hospital, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Yasumitu Hirano
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Reinwald JR, Weber-Fahr W, Cosa-Linan A, Becker R, Sack M, Falfan-Melgoza C, Gass N, Braun U, Clemm von Hohenberg C, Chen J, Mayerl S, Muente TF, Heuer H, Sartorius A. TRIAC Treatment Improves Impaired Brain Network Function and White Matter Loss in Thyroid Hormone Transporter Mct8/Oatp1c1 Deficient Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23. [PMID: 36555189 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysfunctions of the thyroid hormone (TH) transporting monocarboxylate transporter MCT8 lead to a complex X-linked syndrome with abnormal serum TH concentrations and prominent neuropsychiatric symptoms (Allan-Herndon-Dudley syndrome, AHDS). The key features of AHDS are replicated in double knockout mice lacking MCT8 and organic anion transporting protein OATP1C1 (Mct8/Oatp1c1 DKO). In this study, we characterize impairments of brain structure and function in Mct8/Oatp1c1 DKO mice using multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and assess the potential of the TH analogue 3,3',5-triiodothyroacetic acid (TRIAC) to rescue this phenotype. Structural and functional MRI were performed in 11-weeks-old male Mct8/Oatp1c1 DKO mice (N = 10), wild type controls (N = 7) and Mct8/Oatp1c1 DKO mice (N = 13) that were injected with TRIAC (400 ng/g bw s.c.) daily during the first three postnatal weeks. Grey and white matter volume were broadly reduced in Mct8/Oatp1c1 DKO mice. TRIAC treatment could significantly improve white matter thinning but did not affect grey matter loss. Network-based statistic showed a wide-spread increase of functional connectivity, while graph analysis revealed an impairment of small-worldness and whole-brain segregation in Mct8/Oatp1c1 DKO mice. Both functional deficits could be substantially ameliorated by TRIAC treatment. Our study demonstrates prominent structural and functional brain alterations in Mct8/Oatp1c1 DKO mice that may underlie the psychomotor deficiencies in AHDS. Additionally, we provide preclinical evidence that early-life TRIAC treatment improves white matter loss and brain network dysfunctions associated with TH transporter deficiency.
Collapse
|
34
|
de Castro AL, Fernandes RO, Ortiz VD, Campos C, Bonetto JHP, Fernandes TRG, Conzatti A, Siqueira R, Tavares AV, Belló-Klein A, Araujo ASDR. Cardioprotective doses of thyroid hormones improve NO bioavailability in erythrocytes and increase HIF-1α expression in the heart of infarcted rats. Arch Physiol Biochem 2022; 128:1516-1523. [PMID: 32551929 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1779752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Infarction leads to a decrease in NO bioavailability in the erythrocytes. Thyroid hormones (TH) present positive effects after infarction. However, there are no studies evaluating the effects of cardioprotective doses of TH in the erythrocytes after infarction. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the effects of TH in NO bioavailability and oxidative stress parameters in the erythrocytes of infarcted rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS Wistar rats were allocated into the three groups: Sham-operated (SHAM), infarcted (AMI) and infarcted + TH (AMIT). AMIT rats received T4 and T3 for 12 days by gavage. Subsequently, the animals were evaluated by echocardiography and the LV and erythrocytes were collected. RESULTS TH improved NO bioavailability and increased catalase activity in the erythrocytes. Besides that, TH increased HIF-1α in the heart. CONCLUSION TH seems to be positive for erythrocytes preventing a decrease in NO bioavailability and increasing antioxidant enzymatic defense after infarction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Luz de Castro
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rafael Oliveira Fernandes
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Vanessa D Ortiz
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Cristina Campos
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jéssica H P Bonetto
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Tânia Regina G Fernandes
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Adriana Conzatti
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Siqueira
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Angela Vicente Tavares
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Adriane Belló-Klein
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Alex Sander da Rosa Araujo
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Darvishi M, Nazer MR, Shahali H, Nouri M. Association of thyroid dysfunction and COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:947594. [PMID: 36387848 PMCID: PMC9650069 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.947594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the effect of COVID-19 on thyroid function and the role of thyroid hormones alterations in predicting the severity of COVID-19. Online databases, including Scopus, Medline/PubMed, EMBASE, Google Scholar, and Cochrane were searched up to August 2, 2022. After screening titles, abstracts, and full manuscripts, respectively, 30 reports were enrolled. The risk of bias (ROB) was evaluated using the QUADAS-2 tool. In addition, odds ratio (OR) and hazard ratio (HR) analysis for assessing the OR of abnormal thyroid function tests (TFT) in predicting the COVID-19 severity and poor outcomes. Among 30 enrolled studies, ROB of the current study is estimated low to moderate. The average number of patients in each study was 325 (range: 40-3,703), with an overall mean age of 57.6, and the female proportion of 40.4%. Overall, the pooled analysis showed that the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction among 9,707 COVID-19 cases was 15%. Among mild to moderate COVID-19 patients, 6.2% had abnormal TFT, and among patients who experienced severe to critical COVID-19, 20.8% had abnormal TFT. The pooled OR for abnormal TFT and the severity of COVID-19 obtained from 3,865 COVID-19 patients was 3.77 (2.03, 6.99). The pooled HR of TSH level of COVID-19 mortality was 1.57 (0.91, 2.72). Our results demonstrate a high prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in COVID-19, and that among patients severe cases had a 3.77-fold higher risk of abnormal TFT compared to mild to moderate COVID-19. Further studies are required to evaluate the longer-term prognostic role of thyroid dysfunction in severe COVID-19, and investigate potential therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Darvishi
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center (IDTMRC), Department of Aerospace and Subaquatic Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Nazer
- Depertment of Infectious Diseases, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hamze Shahali
- Aerospace and Sub-Aquatic Medical Faculty, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Nouri
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center (IDTMRC), AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Wang F, Su H, E H, Hou L, Yang M, Xu L, Gao J, Zhao M, Wu J, Deng J, Xie X, Zhong Y, Li Y, Wang T, Wu C, Xie D, Chen C. Reconsidering T component of cancer staging for T3/ T4 non-small-cell lung cancer with additional nodule. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2022; 14:17588359221130502. [PMID: 36312817 PMCID: PMC9597052 DOI: 10.1177/17588359221130502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with additional nodule(s) located in the same lobe or ipsilateral different lobe were designated as T3 and T4, respectively, which was merely defined by anatomical location of additional nodule(s), regardless of other prognostic factors. Methods A total of 4711 patients with T1-4, N0-2, M0 NSCLC undergoing complete resection were identified between 2009 and 2014, including 145 patients with additional nodule(s) in the same lobe (T3-Add) and 174 patients with additional tumor nodule(s) in ipsilateral different lobe (T4-Add). Overall survival (OS) was compared using multivariable Cox regression models and propensity score matching analysis (PSM). Results T3-Add patients [T3-Add versus T3, hazard ratio (HR), 0.695; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.528-0.915; p = 0.009] and comparable OS with T2b patients through multivariable Cox analysis, and further validated by PSM. T4-Add patients carried a wide spectrum of prognosis, and the largest diameter of single tumor was screened out as the most effective indicator for distinguishing prognosis. T4-Add (⩽3 cm) patients had better OS than T4 patients [T4-Add (⩽3 cm) versus T4, HR, 0.629; 95% CI, 0.455-0.869; p = 0.005] and comparable OS with T3 patients. And T4-Add (>3 cm) patients had comparable OS with T4 patients. Conclusion NSCLC patients with additional nodule(s) in the same lobe and ipsilateral different lobe (maximum tumor diameter ⩽ 3 cm) should be further validated and considered restaging as T2b and T3 in the forthcoming 9th tumor, node, and metastasis staging system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Likun Hou
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Pulmonary
Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Minglei Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ningbo No. 2
Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo
| | - Long Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai
Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai,
People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiani Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai
Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai,
People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengmeng Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai
Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai,
People’s Republic of China
| | - Junqi Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai
Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai,
People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiajun Deng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai
Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai,
People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaofeng Xie
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Pulmonary
Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Yifan Zhong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai
Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai,
People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingze Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai
Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai,
People’s Republic of China
| | - Tingting Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai
Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai,
People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunyan Wu
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Pulmonary
Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic
of China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
William Wu W, McPhaul MJ, Wu Z. Quantitation of Free Thyroxine by Equilibrium Dialysis and Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2546:485-92. [PMID: 36127615 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2565-1_43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
A method for free thyroxine measurement in human serum using equilibrium dialysis followed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is described. Free thyroxine in serum is first separated from protein-bound thyroxine by equilibrium dialysis and then measured by LC-MS/MS.
Collapse
|
38
|
Lin S, Chanchlani N, Carbery I, Janjua M, Nice R, McDonald TJ, Bewshea C, Kennedy NA, Ahmad T, Selinger CP, Goodhand JR. Understanding anti-TNF treatment failure: does serum triiodothyronine-to-thyroxine (T3/ T4) ratio predict therapeutic outcome to anti-TNF therapies in biologic-naïve patients with active luminal Crohn's disease? Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2022; 56:783-793. [PMID: 35768996 PMCID: PMC9540440 DOI: 10.1111/apt.17089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During illness, adaptations of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis reduce energy expenditure, protein catabolism and modulate immune responses to promote survival. Lower serum free triiodothyronine-to-thyroxine (fT3/fT4) ratio has been linked to non-response to treatment in a range of diseases, including in biologic-treated patients with inflammatory bowel disease. AIM To assess whether baseline serum fT3/fT4 ratio predicted primary non-response (PNR) and non-remission to infliximab and adalimumab in patients with Crohn's disease METHODS: Thyroid function tests were undertaken in stored serum from biologic-naïve adult patients with active luminal Crohn's disease immediately prior to treatment with infliximab (427 originator; 122 biosimilar) or adalimumab (448) in the Personalised Anti-TNF Therapy in Crohn's Disease study (PANTS). RESULTS Baseline median [IQR] fT3/fT4 ratios were lower in women than men (0.30 [0.27-0.34] vs 0.32 [0.28-0.36], p < 0.001), in patients with more severe inflammatory disease, and in patients receiving corticosteroids (0.28 [0.25-0.33] vs. 0.32 [0.29-0.36], p < 0.001). Multivariable logistic regression analysis demonstrated that fT3/fT4 ratio was independently associated with PNR at week 14 (odds ratio [OR] 0.51, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.31-0.85, p = 0.009), but not non-remission or changes in faecal calprotectin concentrations at week 54. The optimal threshold to determine PNR was 0.31 (area under the curve 0.57 [95% CI 0.54-0.61], sensitivity 0.62 [95% CI 0.41-0.74], and specificity 0.53 [95% CI 0.42-0.73]). CONCLUSIONS Lower baseline serum fT3/fT4 ratio was associated with female sex, corticosteroid use and disease activity. It predicted PNR to anti-TNF treatment at week 14, but not non-remission at week 54.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simeng Lin
- GastroenterologyRoyal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation TrustExeterUK,Exeter Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Pharmacogenetics Research GroupUniversity of ExeterExeterUK
| | - Neil Chanchlani
- GastroenterologyRoyal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation TrustExeterUK,Exeter Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Pharmacogenetics Research GroupUniversity of ExeterExeterUK
| | - Isabel Carbery
- Leeds Gastroenterology Institute, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustLeedsUK,The Leeds Institute of Research at St James'University of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Malik Janjua
- GastroenterologyRoyal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation TrustExeterUK,Exeter Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Pharmacogenetics Research GroupUniversity of ExeterExeterUK
| | - Rachel Nice
- Biochemistry, Exeter Clinical Laboratory InternationalRoyal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation TrustExeterUK
| | - Timothy J. McDonald
- Biochemistry, Exeter Clinical Laboratory InternationalRoyal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation TrustExeterUK
| | - Claire Bewshea
- Exeter Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Pharmacogenetics Research GroupUniversity of ExeterExeterUK
| | - Nicholas A. Kennedy
- GastroenterologyRoyal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation TrustExeterUK,Exeter Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Pharmacogenetics Research GroupUniversity of ExeterExeterUK
| | - Tariq Ahmad
- GastroenterologyRoyal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation TrustExeterUK,Exeter Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Pharmacogenetics Research GroupUniversity of ExeterExeterUK
| | - Christian P. Selinger
- Leeds Gastroenterology Institute, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustLeedsUK,The Leeds Institute of Research at St James'University of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - James R. Goodhand
- GastroenterologyRoyal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation TrustExeterUK,Exeter Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Pharmacogenetics Research GroupUniversity of ExeterExeterUK
| | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Son B, Patterson-West J, Thompson CO, Iben JR, Hinton DM. Setting Up a Better Infection: Overexpression of the Early Bacteriophage T4 Gene motB During Infection Results in a More Favorable tRNA Pool for the Phage. Phage (New Rochelle) 2022; 3:141-152. [PMID: 36196375 PMCID: PMC9527043 DOI: 10.1089/phage.2022.0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND : Although many bacteriophage T4 early genes are nonessential with unknown functions, they are believed to aid in the takeover of the Escherichia coli host. Understanding the functions of these genes could be helpful to develop novel antibacterial strategies. MotB, encoded by a previously uncharacterized T4 early gene, is a DNA-binding protein that compacts the host nucleoid and alters host gene expression. METHODS : MotB structure was predicted by AlphaFold 2. RNA-seq and mass spectrometry (MS) analyses were performed to determine RNA and protein changes when motB was overexpressed in E. coli BL21(DE3) ±5 min T4 infection. RESULTS : MotB structure is predicted to be a two-domain protein with N-terminal Kyprides-Onzonis-Woese and C-terminal oligonucleotide/oligosaccharide-fold domains. In E. coli B, motB overexpression during infection does not affect T4 RNAs, but affects the expression of host genes, including the downregulation of 21 of the 84 chargeable host tRNAs. Many of these tRNAs are used less frequently by T4 or have a counterpart encoded within the T4 genome. The MS analyses indicate that the levels of multiple T4 proteins are changed by motB overexpression. CONCLUSION : Our results suggest that in this E. coli B host, motB is involved in establishing a more favorable tRNA pool for the phage during infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bokyung Son
- Gene Expression and Regulation Section, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Genetics, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jennifer Patterson-West
- Gene Expression and Regulation Section, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Genetics, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Christine O. Thompson
- Gene Expression and Regulation Section, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Genetics, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - James R. Iben
- Molecular Genomics Core, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Deborah M. Hinton
- Gene Expression and Regulation Section, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Genetics, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Cobilinschi C, Țincu R, Ungureanu R, Dumitru I, Băetu A, Isac S, Cobilinschi CO, Grințescu IM, Mirea L. Toxic-Induced Nonthyroidal Illness Syndrome Induced by Acute Low-Dose Pesticides Exposure-Preliminary In Vivo Study. Toxics 2022; 10:511. [PMID: 36136476 PMCID: PMC9503844 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10090511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Conditions such as trauma, burns, sepsis, or acute intoxications have considerable consequences on the endocrine status, causing "sick euthyroid syndrome". Organophosphate exposure may induce an increase in acetylcholine levels, thus altering the thyroid's hormonal status. The present study aims to identify the effects of acetylcholinesterase inhibition on thyroid hormones. MATERIAL AND METHODS A prospective experimental study was conducted on twenty Wistar rats. Blood samples were drawn to set baseline values for thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), triiodothyronine (T3), and thyroxine (T4). Chlorpyrifos 0.1 mg/kg was administered by oral gavage to induce acetyl-cholinesterase inhibition. After exhibiting cholinergic symptoms, blood samples were collected to assess levels of cholinesterase and thyroid hormones using ELISA. RESULTS Butyrylcholinesterase levels confirmed major inhibition immediately after intoxication compared to the baseline, certifying the intoxication. A significant increase in T4 levels was noted (p = 0.01) both at 2 h and 48 h after administration of organophosphate in sample rats. Similarly, T3 almost doubled its value 2 h after poisoning (4.2 ng/mL versus 2.5 ng/mL at baseline). Surprisingly, TSH displayed acute elevation with an afterward slow descending trend at 48 h (p = 0.1), reaching baseline value. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that cholinesterase inhibition caused major alterations in thyroid hormone levels, which may be characterized by a transient hypothyroidism status with an impact on survival prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Cobilinschi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, 014461 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care II, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Radu Țincu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, 014461 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Toxicology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Raluca Ungureanu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, 014461 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care II, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ioana Dumitru
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, 014461 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alexandru Băetu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, 014461 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care II, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Sebastian Isac
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care I, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Claudia Oana Cobilinschi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sf Maria Clinical Hospital, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ioana Marina Grințescu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, 014461 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care II, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Liliana Mirea
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, 014461 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care II, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Zhang T, Guo Z, Chen X, Dong J, Jiang H, Tang P, Wang P, Qian D, Zhang W, Pang Q. A retrospective study comparing definitive chemoradiotherapy vs. chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery in T4 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients who were downstaged after neochemoradiotherapy. Radiat Oncol 2022; 17:148. [PMID: 35999608 PMCID: PMC9396773 DOI: 10.1186/s13014-022-02116-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The outcome of patients with T4 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is extremely poor. Two distinct therapeutic options are currently available for T4 esophageal cancers: neochemoradiotherapy followed by surgery (CRT-S) and definitive chemoradiotherapy (D-CRT). This study aimed to investigate the clinicopathologic characteristics of T4 ESCC in Chinese patients and compare the survival between the two therapeutic options. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 125 patients with clinically unresectable T4 ESCC in Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital from January 2010 to December 2020. Overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS) and associated factors were analyzed.
Results A total of 106 of 125 T4 ESCC patients were downstaged of the tumor by neoadjuvant CRT. Among 106 patients, 32 patients underwent CRT-S, and 74 patients underwent D-CRT. Patients in the CRT-S group had a higher OS (20.4 months vs. un-reached median OS, p = 0.037) and PFS (8.6 months vs. 21.0 months, p = 0.008) than those in the D-CRT group. In multivariate analysis, treatment was an independent predictor of PFS. After propensity score matching (PSM), 50 patients (CRT-S = 25; D-CRT = 25) were matched. Among these 50 patients, patients in the CRT-S group had a higher OS (15.6 months vs. un-reached median OS, p = 0.025) and PFS (7.2 months vs. 18.8 months, p = 0.026) than those in the D-CRT group. In multivariate analysis, treatment was an independent predictor for PFS. Conclusion We demonstrated that CRT-S was superior to D-CRT for T4 ESCC patients who were downstaged by neo-CRT with respect to longer OS and PFS. Randomized controlled trials involving large population samples are needed to define the standard treatment for T4 ESCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Department of Radiation Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Huanhu West Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhoubo Guo
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Department of Radiation Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Huanhu West Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Department of Radiation Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Huanhu West Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Dong
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Department of Nutrition Therapy, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongjing Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Department of Esophageal Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Peng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Department of Esophageal Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Department of Radiation Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Huanhu West Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, China
| | - Dong Qian
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Department of Radiation Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Huanhu West Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, China.,Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Wencheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Department of Radiation Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Huanhu West Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, China.
| | - Qingsong Pang
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Department of Radiation Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Huanhu West Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, China.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Nakhaee S, Rezayee M, Mansouri B, Hadianfar A, Zadeh AA, Zardast M, Sefat MP, Mehrpour O. Comparison of Thyroid Function in Lead-Poisoned Patients and Healthy Individuals in Eastern Iran. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:3097-3102. [PMID: 34599429 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02935-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a prevalent environmental toxic metal that may harmfully affect the function of the thyroid gland. Our information about the effects of lead on thyroid function in lead poisoning is limited. The present study aimed to evaluate thyroid function in lead-poisoned patients compared with the healthy group. In this study, two groups of lead poisoning subjects (lead concentrations ≥ 25 μg/dL) (n = 56) (HBLC group) and randomly selected age and gender-matched healthy individuals with lower blood lead concentrations (BLC < 10 μg/dL) (n = 58) (LBLC group) were included. Thyroid function tests, including thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) concentration, were measured for each patient in both groups (for the HBLC group, it was taken on admission). The linear regression model was used to investigate the effects of lead poisoning on thyroid function tests. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant. Our study showed no significant difference between the two groups in terms of age and gender. The mean concentration of T3 and TSH in the HBLC group was significantly lower than the LBLC group, but the mean levels of T4 were significantly higher in the HBLC group (p < 0.05). Based on the linear regression model results, the T3 and TSH levels in the LBLC group were significantly higher by 13.86 and 0.43 units than the HBLC group, respectively. The current study results showed that lead poisoning affects thyroid function, reduces TSH, and increases T4.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Nakhaee
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Maryam Rezayee
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Borhan Mansouri
- Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ali Hadianfar
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Alireza Amirabadi Zadeh
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Zardast
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Malihe Parsa Sefat
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Omid Mehrpour
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
- Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Nakajima M, Muroi H, Kikuchi M, Kubo T, Takise S, Ihara K, Nakagawa M, Morita S, Nakamura T, Yamaguchi S, Kojima K. Strategy Treatment of c T4b Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Using Docetaxel, Cisplatin, and 5-Fluorouracil. Anticancer Res 2022; 42:3725-3733. [PMID: 35790261 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.15862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM This study analyzed the outcomes of docetaxel, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil (DCF) therapy and DCF plus concurrent radiotherapy (DCF-RT), both followed by conversion surgery, if possible, in patients with cT4b esophageal cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS Forty-six patients with cT4b esophageal cancer, including borderline cT4b lesions, were eligible. Borderline cT4b lesions were treated with induction DCF therapy. For definitive cT4b lesions, definitive DCF-RT was administered. Patients unsuitable for induction DCF therapy or DCF-RT were treated with other therapies. After treatment, conversion surgery (CS) was performed for the residual tumor in resectable cases. RESULTS Induction DCF therapy was administered to 12 patients (group A), and DCF-RT was provided to 18 patients (group B). Meanwhile, other therapies were provided to 16 patients (group C). The 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival (OS) rates were 66.7, 30.0, and 15.0%, respectively, in group A; 66.7, 37.5, and 37.5%, respectively, in group B; and 62.5, 0, and 0%, respectively, in group C. DCF-RT tended to prolong survival, albeit without significance (p=0.1040). The group A + B had significantly better overall survival than group C (p=0.0437). Fourteen patients underwent CS (30.4%), and patients who underwent CS had significantly better overall survival than those who did not undergo surgery (p=0.0291). CONCLUSION Induction DCF or DCF-RT is promising for the treatment of cT4b esophageal cancer. Effective CS including combined resection of the invaded organ can contribute to improved therapeutic outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masanobu Nakajima
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu-machi, Japan; .,Department of Surgical Oncology, Dokkyo Medical University Graduate School of Medicine, Mibu-machi, Japan
| | - Hiroto Muroi
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu-machi, Japan.,Department of Surgical Oncology, Dokkyo Medical University Graduate School of Medicine, Mibu-machi, Japan
| | - Maiko Kikuchi
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu-machi, Japan.,Department of Surgical Oncology, Dokkyo Medical University Graduate School of Medicine, Mibu-machi, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Kubo
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu-machi, Japan.,Department of Surgical Oncology, Dokkyo Medical University Graduate School of Medicine, Mibu-machi, Japan
| | - Shuhei Takise
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu-machi, Japan.,Department of Surgical Oncology, Dokkyo Medical University Graduate School of Medicine, Mibu-machi, Japan
| | - Keisuke Ihara
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Dokkyo Medical University Graduate School of Medicine, Mibu-machi, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Nakagawa
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu-machi, Japan.,Department of Surgical Oncology, Dokkyo Medical University Graduate School of Medicine, Mibu-machi, Japan
| | - Shinji Morita
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu-machi, Japan.,Department of Surgical Oncology, Dokkyo Medical University Graduate School of Medicine, Mibu-machi, Japan
| | - Takatoshi Nakamura
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Dokkyo Medical University Graduate School of Medicine, Mibu-machi, Japan
| | - Satoru Yamaguchi
- Department of Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University Nikko Medical Center, Nikko, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Kojima
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu-machi, Japan.,Department of Surgical Oncology, Dokkyo Medical University Graduate School of Medicine, Mibu-machi, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Takakusagi Y, Kano K, Shima S, Tsuchida K, Mizoguchi N, Katoh H, Kamada T, Taniuchi R, Iino M, Aoshika T, Saito S, Yoshida D. Clinical Outcomes of Radiotherapy in Elderly and Younger Patients With T4 Esophageal Cancer: A Retrospective Single-center Analysis. Anticancer Res 2022; 42:2095-2104. [PMID: 35347033 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.15691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM The standard of treatment for esophageal cancer with adjacent organ invasion (T4) has not been established. We retrospectively analyzed the clinical outcomes of radiotherapy (RT) in elderly and younger patients with T4 esophageal cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS Sixty-nine patients with T4 esophageal cancer who underwent RT at the Kanagawa Cancer Center between January 2014 and November 2020 were included in this study. Patients aged ≥70 years were defined as the elderly group and those aged <70 years were defined as the younger group. The total dose of RT was set at 60 Gy in 30 fractions. Chemotherapy combined with 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin was administered concurrently with RT in general. The overall survival (OS) rate was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Adverse events were assessed using CTCAE v4.0. RESULTS The median survival time (MST) of the elderly group (n=35) was 21.5 months, and the OS rates at 1, 3, and 5 years were 63.7%, 31.3%, and 15.6%, respectively. The MST of the younger group (n=34) was 12.5 months, and the OS rates at 1, 3, and 5 years were 52.2%, 29.4%, and 29.4%, respectively. No significant difference in OS was observed between the two groups (p=0.767). Toxicities were not significantly different between the two groups except for thrombocytopenia and esophageal fistula (p=0.012 and p=0.022, respectively). CONCLUSION The clinical outcomes of RT for T4 esophageal cancer in elderly patients were generally similar to those in the younger group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Takakusagi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Kanagawa, Japan;
| | - Kio Kano
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Satoshi Shima
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Keisuke Tsuchida
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Mizoguchi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Katoh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tadashi Kamada
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Risa Taniuchi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Misaki Iino
- Department of Radiation Oncology, International Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Tomomi Aoshika
- Department of Radiation Oncology, International Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Satoshi Saito
- Department of Radiation Oncology, International Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Daisaku Yoshida
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Kanagawa, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Cohen A, Popowitz J, Delbridge-Perry M, Rowe CJ, Connaughton VP. The Role of Estrogen and Thyroid Hormones in Zebrafish Visual System Function. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:837687. [PMID: 35295340 PMCID: PMC8918846 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.837687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Visual system development is a highly complex process involving coordination of environmental cues, cell pathways, and integration of functional circuits. Consequently, a change to any step, due to a mutation or chemical exposure, can lead to deleterious consequences. One class of chemicals known to have both overt and subtle effects on the visual system is endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs). EDCs are environmental contaminants which alter hormonal signaling by either preventing compound synthesis or binding to postsynaptic receptors. Interestingly, recent work has identified neuronal and sensory systems, particularly vision, as targets for EDCs. In particular, estrogenic and thyroidogenic signaling have been identified as critical modulators of proper visual system development and function. Here, we summarize and review this work, from our lab and others, focusing on behavioral, physiological, and molecular data collected in zebrafish. We also discuss different exposure regimes used, including long-lasting effects of developmental exposure. Overall, zebrafish are a model of choice to examine the impact of EDCs and other compounds targeting estrogen and thyroid signaling and the consequences of exposure in visual system development and function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annastelle Cohen
- Department of Biology, American University, Washington, DC, WA, United States
| | - Jeremy Popowitz
- Department of Biology, American University, Washington, DC, WA, United States
| | | | - Cassie J. Rowe
- Department of Biology, American University, Washington, DC, WA, United States,Center for Neuroscience and Behavior, American University, Washington, DC, WA, United States
| | - Victoria P. Connaughton
- Department of Biology, American University, Washington, DC, WA, United States,Center for Neuroscience and Behavior, American University, Washington, DC, WA, United States,*Correspondence: Victoria P. Connaughton,
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Ariyani W, Miyazaki W, Amano I, Koibuchi N. Involvement of integrin αvβ3 in thyroid hormone-induced dendritogenesis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:938596. [PMID: 36072926 PMCID: PMC9441609 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.938596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation and/or modulation of the membrane-associated receptors plays a critical role in brain development. Thyroid hormone (TH) acts on both nuclear receptors (thyroid hormone receptor, TR) and membrane-associated receptors, particularly integrin αvβ3 in neurons and glia. Integrin αvβ3-mediated signal transduction mediates various cellular events during development including morphogenesis, migration, synaptogenesis, and intracellular metabolism. However, the involvement of integrin αvβ3-mediated TH action during brain development remains poorly understood. Thus, we examined the integrin αvβ3-mediated effects of TH (T3, T4, and rT3) in the neurons and astrocytes using primary cerebellar culture, astrocyte-enriched culture, Neuro-2A clonal cells, and co-culture of neurons and astrocytes. We found that TH augments dendrite arborization of cerebellar Purkinje cells. This augmentation was suppressed by knockdown of integrin αvβ3, as well as TRα and TRβ. A selective integrin αvβ3 antagonist, LM609, was also found to suppress TH-induced arborization. However, whether this effect was a direct action of TH on Purkinje cells or due to indirect actions of other cells subset such as astrocytes was not clarified. To further study neuron-specific molecular mechanisms, we used Neuro-2A clonal cells and found TH also induces neurite growth. TH-induced neurite growth was reduced by co-exposure with LM609 or knockdown of TRα, but not TRβ. Moreover, co-culture of Neuro-2A and astrocytes also increased TH-induced neurite growth, indicating astrocytes may be involved in neuritogenesis. TH increased the localization of synapsin-1 and F-actin in filopodia tips. TH exposure also increased phosphorylation of FAK, Akt, and ERK1/2. Phosphorylation was suppressed by co-exposure with LM609 and TRα knockdown. These results indicate that TRs and integrin αvβ3 play essential roles in TH-induced dendritogenesis and neuritogenesis. Furthermore, astrocytes-neuron communication via TR-dependent and TR-independent signaling through membrane receptors and F-actin are required for TH-induced neuritogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Winda Ariyani
- International Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
- *Correspondence: Winda Ariyani, ; Noriyuki Koibuchi,
| | - Wataru Miyazaki
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
- Department of Bioscience and Laboratory Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Science, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan
| | - Izuki Amano
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Koibuchi
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
- *Correspondence: Winda Ariyani, ; Noriyuki Koibuchi,
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Sheng N, Xing F, Wang J, Duan X, Xiang Z. T4 rather than TSH correlates with BMD among euthyroid adults. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1039079. [PMID: 36699030 PMCID: PMC9868946 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1039079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between thyroid hormone and bone mineral density (BMD) among euthyroid adults. METHODS This cross-sectional study researched the information from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2010. We included 3,759 euthyroid participants finally. We used multivariate linear regression models to evaluate the linear relationship between the thyroid hormone profile and BMD. Subgroup analyses stratified by gender and age were further performed. Moreover, the nonlinear relationship was characterized by fitted smoothing curves and generalized additive models, and logistic regression models were used to determine the association of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroxine (T4) with previous fractures. RESULTS The weighted multivariable linear regression models showed no association between TSH and BMD. Free thyroxine (FT4), T4, free triiodothyronine (FT3), and total triiodothyronine (T3) were negatively associated with the total femur BMD and the total spine BMD after adjusting for all covariates. Subgroup analyses demonstrated that all groups had a negative association between T4 and BMD, even in patients with osteopenia/osteoporosis. The nonlinear relationship characterized by smooth curve fittings and generalized additive models suggested that an obvious U-shaped, an inverted U -shaped, and an L - shaped curve was exhibited between thyroid hormone and BMD in the different subgroups. In addition, normal high-level T4 was associated with an increased prevalence of previous fractures than normal low-level T4. CONCLUSIONS In this sample of euthyroid adults, T4 exhibits a negative correlation with BMD, regardless of age and gender, in subjects with either normal or lowered BMD. Moreover, high-normal FT4 was associated with an increased prevalence of previous fractures. TSH was not associated with variations of BMD and the fracture risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xin Duan
- *Correspondence: Xin Duan, ; Zhou Xiang,
| | - Zhou Xiang
- *Correspondence: Xin Duan, ; Zhou Xiang,
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Koutaki D, Paltoglou G, Vourdoumpa A, Charmandari E. The Impact of Bisphenol A on Thyroid Function in Neonates and Children: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Nutrients 2021; 14:nu14010168. [PMID: 35011041 PMCID: PMC8746969 DOI: 10.3390/nu14010168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine-disrupting chemical widely used in plastic products that may have an adverse effect on several physiologic functions in children. The aim of this systematic review is to summarize the current knowledge of the impact of BPA concentrations on thyroid function in neonates, children, and adolescents. Methods: A systematic search of Medline, Scopus, Clinical Trials.gov, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials CENTRAL, and Google Scholar databases according to PRISMA guidelines was performed. Only case–control, cross-sectional, and cohort studies that assessed the relationship between Bisphenol A and thyroid function in neonates and children aged <18 years were included. Initially, 102 articles were assessed, which were restricted to 73 articles after exclusion of duplicates. A total of 73 articles were assessed by two independent researchers based on the title/abstract and the predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. According to the eligibility criteria, 18 full-text articles were selected for further assessment. Finally, 12 full-text articles were included in the present systematic review. Results: The presented studies offer data that suggest a negative correlation of BPA concentrations with TSH in children, a gender-specific manner of action, and a potential effect on proper neurodevelopment. However, the results are inconclusive with respect to specific thyroid hormone concentrations and the effect on thyroid autoimmunity. Conclusion: The potential negative effect of BPA in the developing thyroid gland of children that may affect proper neurodevelopment, suggesting the need to focus future research on designing studies that elucidate the underlying mechanisms and the effects of BPA in thyroid function in early life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diamanto Koutaki
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, ‘Aghia Sophia’ Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece; (D.K.); (G.P.); (A.V.)
| | - George Paltoglou
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, ‘Aghia Sophia’ Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece; (D.K.); (G.P.); (A.V.)
| | - Aikaterini Vourdoumpa
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, ‘Aghia Sophia’ Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece; (D.K.); (G.P.); (A.V.)
| | - Evangelia Charmandari
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, ‘Aghia Sophia’ Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece; (D.K.); (G.P.); (A.V.)
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center of Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +30-213-2013-384
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Seale LA, Gilman CL, Zavacki AM, Larsen PR, Inokuchi M, Breves JP, Seale AP. Regulation of thyroid hormones and branchial iodothyronine deiodinases during freshwater acclimation in tilapia. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 538:111450. [PMID: 34506867 PMCID: PMC8551029 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Euryhaline fishes are capable of maintaining osmotic homeostasis in a wide range of environmental salinities. Several pleiotropic hormones, including prolactin, growth hormone, and thyroid hormones (THs) are mediators of salinity acclimation. It is unclear, however, the extent to which THs and the pituitary-thyroid axis promote the adaptive responses of key osmoregulatory organs to freshwater (FW) environments. In the current study, we characterized circulating thyroxine (T4) and 3-3'-5-triiodothyronine (T3) levels in parallel with the outer ring deiodination (ORD) activities of deiodinases (dios) and mRNA expression of dio1, dio2, and dio3 in gill during the acclimation of Mozambique tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) to FW. Tilapia transferred from seawater (SW) to FW exhibited reduced plasma T4 and T3 levels at 6 h. These reductions coincided with an increase in branchial dio2-like activity and decreased branchial dio1 gene expression. To assess whether dios respond to osmotic conditions and/or systemic signals, gill filaments were exposed to osmolalities ranging from 280 to 450 mOsm/kg in an in vitro incubation system. Gene expression of branchial dio1, dio2, and dio3 was not directly affected by extracellular osmotic conditions. Lastly, we observed that dio1 and dio2 expression was stimulated by thyroid-stimulating hormone in hypophysectomized tilapia, suggesting that branchial TH metabolism is regulated by systemic signals. Our collective findings suggest that THs are involved in the FW acclimation of Mozambique tilapia through their interactions with branchial deiodinases that modulate their activities in a key osmoregulatory organ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucia A Seale
- Pacific Biosciences Research Center, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, 1933 East-West Road, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA
| | - Christy L Gilman
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, 651 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
| | - Ann Marie Zavacki
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - P Reed Larsen
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mayu Inokuchi
- Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Jason P Breves
- Department of Biology, Skidmore College, 815 N. Broadway, Saratoga Springs, NY, 12866, USA
| | - Andre P Seale
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, 1955 East-West Road, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Linn YL, Chua DW, Koh YX, Tan EK, Teo JY, Cheow PC, Jeyaraj PR, Chow PKH, Ooi LLPJ, Chung AYF, Chan CY, Goh BKP. Preoperative predictors of early recurrence of AJCC T4 hepatocellular carcinoma. Surg Oncol 2021; 39:101671. [PMID: 34775234 DOI: 10.1016/j.suronc.2021.101671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The management of HCC differs depending on the extent of disease. Surgery may be offered in selected cases of T4 disease as defined by AJCC 8th. However, outcome data post partial hepatectomy (PH) for T4 disease is scarce. We sought to evaluate the outcomes of patients post resection of T4 HCC and assess preoperative predictive factors of early recurrence. METHODS We performed a retrospective review of 235 consecutive patients who underwent resection for T4 HCC from 2001 to 2018 at our institution. RESULTS Median overall survival was 35.9 months (95% CI 25.7-46.0). 109 patients (49.5%) developed recurrence, of which 94 patients (42.7%) experienced early recurrence within 12 months. Median time to recurrence was 38.1 months. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that vascular invasion were significant independent preoperative predictor of early recurrence post resection. Patients who experienced early recurrence had a significantly shorter median overall survival 14.3 months (95% CI 25.7-46.0) compared to those who did not (55.5 months, 95% CI 40.6-70.8, p = .000). CONCLUSION Selected patients with T4 HCC may benefit from PH. Macrovascular invasion was associated with early recurrence within 12 months.
Collapse
|