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Herrero JM, Fabra D, Matesanz AI, Hernández C, Sánchez-Pérez I, Quiroga AG. Dithiobiureas Palladium(II) complexes' studies: From their synthesis to their biological action. J Inorg Biochem 2023; 246:112261. [PMID: 37271620 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2023.112261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Dithiobiureas coordination chemistry towards palladium (II) ions and their possible application is presented and discussed. 1,6-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-2,5-dithiobiurea and 1,6-(4-chlorophenyl)-2,5-dithiobiurea afford two Pd(II) complexes with the general formula [Pd2(H2L)Cl2(PPh3)2]. The metal ion forms one chelate ring with the dithiobiurea, and binds to a triphenylphosphine and an additional leaving group cisplatin like. One of the complexes (1) is endowed not only with stability in DMSO and aqua solutions containing a biological buffer but also with cytotoxicity versus gastric cancer cell lines. Complex 1 does not interact covalently to DNA models, neither activates p53 or Checkpoint Kinase 1 key proteins for DNA damage response. Thus, we propose that complex 1 exerts its action by activating Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases [p38, Extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs), c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs)] as cell death inductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge M Herrero
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina and Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Albert Sols, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Cancer Stem Cell and Fibroinflammatory Microenvironment Group, Chronic Diseases and Cancer Area 3 -Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - David Fabra
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias and IadChem, Calle Francisco Tomas y Valiente 7, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana I Matesanz
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias and IadChem, Calle Francisco Tomas y Valiente 7, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolina Hernández
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias del Medio Ambiente, Avd. Carlos III s/n, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Isabel Sánchez-Pérez
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina and Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Albert Sols, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Cancer Stem Cell and Fibroinflammatory Microenvironment Group, Chronic Diseases and Cancer Area 3 -Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Adoracion G Quiroga
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias and IadChem, Calle Francisco Tomas y Valiente 7, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
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Nguyen MTH, Imanishi M, Li S, Chau K, Banerjee P, Velatooru LR, Ko KA, Samanthapudi VSK, Gi YJ, Lee LL, Abe RJ, McBeath E, Deswal A, Lin SH, Palaskas NL, Dantzer R, Fujiwara K, Borchrdt MK, Turcios EB, Olmsted-Davis EA, Kotla S, Cooke JP, Wang G, Abe JI, Le NT. Endothelial activation and fibrotic changes are impeded by laminar flow-induced CHK1-SENP2 activity through mechanisms distinct from endothelial-to-mesenchymal cell transition. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1187490. [PMID: 37711550 PMCID: PMC10499395 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1187490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The deSUMOylase sentrin-specific isopeptidase 2 (SENP2) plays a crucial role in atheroprotection. However, the phosphorylation of SENP2 at T368 under disturbed flow (D-flow) conditions hinders its nuclear function and promotes endothelial cell (EC) activation. SUMOylation has been implicated in D-flow-induced endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (endoMT), but the precise role of SENP2 in counteracting this process remains unclear. Method We developed a phospho-specific SENP2 S344 antibody and generated knock-in (KI) mice with a phospho-site mutation of SENP2 S344A using CRISPR/Cas9 technology. We then investigated the effects of SENP2 S344 phosphorylation under two distinct flow patterns and during hypercholesteremia (HC)-mediated EC activation. Result Our findings demonstrate that laminar flow (L-flow) induces phosphorylation of SENP2 at S344 through the activation of checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1), leading to the inhibition of ERK5 and p53 SUMOylation and subsequent suppression of EC activation. We observed a significant increase in lipid-laden lesions in both the aortic arch (under D-flow) and descending aorta (under L-flow) of female hypercholesterolemic SENP2 S344A KI mice. In male hypercholesterolemic SENP2 S344A KI mice, larger lipid-laden lesions were only observed in the aortic arch area, suggesting a weaker HC-mediated atherogenesis in male mice compared to females. Ionizing radiation (IR) reduced CHK1 expression and SENP2 S344 phosphorylation, attenuating the pro-atherosclerotic effects observed in female SENP2 S344A KI mice after bone marrow transplantation (BMT), particularly in L-flow areas. The phospho-site mutation SENP2 S344A upregulates processes associated with EC activation, including inflammation, migration, and proliferation. Additionally, fibrotic changes and up-regulated expression of EC marker genes were observed. Apoptosis was augmented in ECs derived from the lungs of SENP2 S344A KI mice, primarily through the inhibition of ERK5-mediated expression of DNA damage-induced apoptosis suppressor (DDIAS). Summary In this study, we have revealed a novel mechanism underlying the suppressive effects of L-flow on EC inflammation, migration, proliferation, apoptosis, and fibrotic changes through promoting CHK1-induced SENP2 S344 phosphorylation. The phospho-site mutation SENP2 S344A responds to L-flow through a distinct mechanism, which involves the upregulation of both mesenchymal and EC marker genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh T. H. Nguyen
- Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Life Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of Hanoi, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Masaki Imanishi
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Shengyu Li
- Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Khanh Chau
- Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Priyanka Banerjee
- Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Loka reddy Velatooru
- Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Kyung Ae Ko
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | | | - Young J. Gi
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Ling-Ling Lee
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Rei J. Abe
- Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Elena McBeath
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Anita Deswal
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Steven H. Lin
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Nicolas L. Palaskas
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Robert Dantzer
- Department of Symptom Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Keigi Fujiwara
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Mae K. Borchrdt
- Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Estefani Berrios Turcios
- Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Elizabeth A. Olmsted-Davis
- Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Sivareddy Kotla
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - John P. Cooke
- Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Guangyu Wang
- Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jun-ichi Abe
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Nhat-Tu Le
- Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
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Li L, Wang L, Liu D, Zhao Y. BRD7 suppresses tumor chemosensitivity to CHK1 inhibitors by inhibiting USP1-mediated deubiquitination of CHK1. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:313. [PMID: 37626049 PMCID: PMC10457387 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01611-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1), a key effector in the cellular response to DNA lesions, is a crucial component of all cell cycle checkpoints. Recent reports have revealed that CHK1 is highly expressed in numerous cancer types in the clinical settings. However, the mechanisms underlying the regulation of CHK1 expression in tumor cells remain unclear. Here, we report that CHK1 is negatively regulated by the bromodomain-containing protein 7 (BRD7). Specifically, BRD7 silencing increased CHK1 (but not CHK2) expression at both mRNA and protein levels, in a p53-independent manner in multiple tumor cell lines. Furthermore, BRD7 silencing stabilized CHK1 via reducing its ubiquitination. Mechanistically, BRD7 knockdown not only increased the levels of USP1, a deubiquitinase for CHK1, but also promoted the interaction between CHK1 and USP1, subsequently enhancing the de-ubiquitination of CHK1. USP1 knockdown abrogated BRD7 silencing-induced CHK1 induction. Biologically, the increased expression of CHK1 in tumor cells caused by BRD7 silencing significantly increased cell sensitivity to CHK1 inhibitors by enhancing tumor cell apoptosis, and this effect was reversed by the simultaneous knockdown of CHK1 or USP1. Taken together, our findings suggest that BRD7 is a potential genetic or drug target that may help to improve the efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs targeting CHK1 in combinatorial therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lemin Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Linchen Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dian Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongchao Zhao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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Hernández-Suárez B, Gillespie DA, Dejnaka E, Kupczyk P, Obmińska-Mrukowicz B, Pawlak A. Studying the DNA damage response pathway in hematopoietic canine cancer cell lines, a necessary step for finding targets to generate new therapies to treat cancer in dogs. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1227683. [PMID: 37655260 PMCID: PMC10467447 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1227683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Dogs present a significant opportunity for studies in comparative oncology. However, the study of cancer biology phenomena in canine cells is currently limited by restricted availability of validated antibody reagents and techniques. Here, we provide an initial characterization of the expression and activity of key components of the DNA Damage Response (DDR) in a panel of hematopoietic canine cancer cell lines, with the use of commercially available antibody reagents. Materials and methods The techniques used for this validation analysis were western blot, qPCR, and DNA combing assay. Results Substantial variations in both the basal expression (ATR, Claspin, Chk1, and Rad51) and agonist-induced activation (p-Chk1) of DDR components were observed in canine cancer cell lines. The expression was stronger in the CLBL-1 (B-cell lymphoma) and CLB70 (B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia) cell lines than in the GL-1 (B-cell leukemia) cell line, but the biological significance of these differences requires further investigation. We also validated methodologies for quantifying DNA replication dynamics in hematopoietic canine cancer cell lines, and found that the GL-1 cell line presented a higher replication fork speed than the CLBL-1 cell line, but that both showed a tendency to replication fork asymmetry. Conclusion These findings will inform future studies on cancer biology, which will facilitate progress in developing novel anticancer therapies for canine patients. They can also provide new knowledge in human oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Hernández-Suárez
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - David A. Gillespie
- Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Tecnologías Biomédicas, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Ewa Dejnaka
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Piotr Kupczyk
- Division of General and Experimental Pathology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Bożena Obmińska-Mrukowicz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Pawlak
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
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CENPF knockdown inhibits adriamycin chemoresistance in triple-negative breast cancer via the Rb-E2F1 axis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1803. [PMID: 36720923 PMCID: PMC9889717 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28355-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance occurs frequently in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and leads to early relapse and short survival. Targeting the DNA damage response (DDR) has become an effective strategy for overcoming TNBC chemoresistance. CENPF (centromere protein) is a key regulator of cell cycle progression, but its role in TNBC chemotherapy resistance remains unclear. Here, we found that CENPF, which is highly expressed in TNBC, is associated with a poor prognosis in patients receiving chemotherapy. In addition, in vitro CENPF knockdown significantly increased adriamycin (ADR)-induced cytotoxicity in MDA-MB-231 cells and ADR-resistant cells (MDA-MB-231/ADR). Then, we demonstrated that CENPF targets Chk1-mediated G2/M phase arrest and binds to Rb to compete with E2F1 in TNBC. Considering the crucial role of E2F1 in the DNA damage response and DNA repair, a novel mechanism by which CENPF regulates the Rb-E2F1 axis will provide new horizons to overcome chemotherapy resistance in TNBC.
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Bai E, Dong M, Lin X, Sun D, Dong L. Expressional and functional characteristics of checkpoint kinase 1 as a prognostic biomarker in hepatocellular carcinoma. Transl Cancer Res 2022; 11:4272-4288. [PMID: 36644193 PMCID: PMC9834594 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-22-1701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common pathological subtype of liver cancer and is the third leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Checkpoint kinase 1 (CHEK1), an essential serine/threonine kinase that regulates the cell cycle, is reported to be associated with carcinogenesis. However, the biological role and clinical significance of CHEK1 in HCC are still incompletely known. Methods In this research, CHEK1 messenger RNA (mRNA) levels in various liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) cohorts from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases were evaluated. The Kaplan-Meier database was applied to identify the correlation between survival time and CHEK1 expression in patients with HCC. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed to explore the potential mechanism of CHEK1 in HCC, and NetworkAnalyst v. 3.0 (https://www.networkanalyst.ca/) was used to construct the regulatory networks of CHEK1 in HCC. Discriminant Regulon Expression Analysis (DoRothEA) was used to detect the activity of transcriptional factors (TFs) in gene-enriched cells (EC) with CHEK1 coexpression. In vitro experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of CHEK1 on the biological function of HCC cells. Results The CHEK1 mRNA level was overexpressed in HCC, and increased CHEK1 expression correlated with poor survival outcomes. The homo sapiens-microRNA-195 (hsa-miR-195) may have contributed to the upregulation of CHEK1 in HCC. GSEA and NetworkAnalyst v. 3.0 showed that CHEK1 played a crucial part in tumor proliferation of HCC and may be regulated by TF E2F1. DoRothEA showed increased transcriptional activity of E2F1 in gene-EC with CHEK1 coexpression. Moreover, experiments of cell function showed that the knockdown of CHEK1 weakened the aggressive behavior and proliferation of HCC cells. Overexpression of E2F1 increased the proliferation and invasion of HCC cells in vitro, while the silencing of CHEK1 dampened cell invasion induced by E2F1 overexpression. Conclusions These results identified the prognostic significance and expression characteristics of CHEK1 in HCC through bioinformatics analysis and experimental verification. This lays the foundation for further research on the diagnosis and treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Encheng Bai
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China;,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Xiamen Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Xiamen, China
| | - Mingwei Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China;,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Xiamen Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiahui Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dalong Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China;,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Xiamen Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Xiamen, China;,Shanghai Institute of Liver Disease, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China;,Shanghai Institute of Liver Disease, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Saeed N, Mahjabeen I, Hakim F, Hussain MZ, Mehmood A, Nisar A, Ahmed MW, Kayani MA. Role of Chk1 gene in molecular classification and prognosis of gastric cancer using immunohistochemistry and LORD-Q assay. Future Oncol 2022; 18:2827-2841. [PMID: 35762179 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2021-1546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The aim of the current study was to assess the prognostic value of the Chk1 gene in the DNA damage response pathway in gastric cancer (GC). Methods: Expression levels of the Chk1 were measured in 220 GC tumor tissues and adjacent healthy/noncancerous tissues using real-time PCR and immunohistochemical staining. Genomic instability in GC patients was measured using the long-run real-time PCR technique for DNA-damage quantification assay and comet assay. Results: Significantly downregulated expression of Chk1 was observed at the mRNA level (p < 0.0001) and protein level (p < 0.0001). Significantly increased frequency of lesions/10 kb and comets was observed in tumor tissues compared with control tissues. Conclusion: The data suggest that downregulated expression of Chk1 and positive Heliobacter pylori infection status may have prognostic significance in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Saeed
- Cancer genetics and epigenetic lab, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ishrat Mahjabeen
- Cancer genetics and epigenetic lab, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Farzana Hakim
- Department of Biochemistry, Foundation University Medical College, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Azhar Mehmood
- Cancer genetics and epigenetic lab, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Asif Nisar
- Cancer genetics and epigenetic lab, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Malik Waqar Ahmed
- Cancer genetics and epigenetic lab, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan.,Pakistan Institute of Rehabilitation Sciences (PIRS), Isra University Islamabad Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mahmood Akhtar Kayani
- Cancer genetics and epigenetic lab, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Jin G, Zhang J, Cao T, Chen B, Tian Y, Shi Y. Exosome-mediated lncRNA SND1-IT1 from gastric cancer cells enhances malignant transformation of gastric mucosa cells via up-regulating SNAIL1. J Transl Med 2022; 20:284. [PMID: 35739527 PMCID: PMC9229915 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03306-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer (GC), as one of the most common malignancies across the globe, is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Though a large body of research has been conducted to develop the therapeutic methods of GC, the survival rate of advanced patients is still poor. We aimed to dig into the potential regulatory mechanism of GC progression. Methods Bioinformatics tools and fundamental assays were performed at first to confirm the candidate genes in our study. The functional assays and mechanism experiments were conducted to verify the regulatory mechanisms of the genes underlying GC progression. Results Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) SND1 intronic transcript 1 (SND1-IT1) is highly expressed in exosomes secreted by GC cells. SND1-IT1 was verified to bind to microRNA-1245b-5p (miR-1245b-5p) through competitive adsorption to promote ubiquitin specific protease 3 (USP3) messenger RNA (mRNA) expression. SND1-IT1 was validated to recruit DEAD-box helicase 54 (DDX54) to promote USP3 mRNA stability. SND1-IT1 induces malignant transformation of GES-1 cells through USP3. USP3 mediates the deubiquitination of snail family transcriptional repressor 1 (SNAIL1). Conclusions Exosome-mediated lncRNA SND1-IT1 from GC cells enhances malignant transformation of GES-1 cells via up-regulating SNAIL1. Graphical Abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12967-022-03306-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohua Jin
- Department of Gastric & Intestine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No.1 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Jianguang Zhang
- Department of Gastric & Intestine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No.1 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Tingting Cao
- Department of Gastric & Intestine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No.1 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Bang Chen
- Department of Gastric & Intestine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No.1 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Yu Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830002, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yang Shi
- Department of Gastric & Intestine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No.1 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China.
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Larionova I, Rakina M, Ivanyuk E, Trushchuk Y, Chernyshova A, Denisov E. Radiotherapy resistance: identifying universal biomarkers for various human cancers. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022; 148:1015-1031. [PMID: 35113235 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-03923-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) is considered as a standard in the treatment of most solid cancers, including glioblastoma, lung, breast, rectal, prostate, colorectal, cervical, esophageal, and head and neck cancers. The main challenge in RT is tumor cell radioresistance associated with a high risk of locoregional relapse and distant metastasis. Despite significant progress in understanding mechanisms of radioresistance, its prediction and overcoming remain unresolved. This review presents the state-of-the-art for the potential universal biomarkers correlated to the radioresistance and poor outcome in different cancers. We describe radioresistance biomarkers functionally attributed to DNA repair, signal transduction, hypoxia, and angiogenesis. We also focus on high throughput genetic and proteomic studies, which revealed a set of molecular biomarkers related to radioresistance. In conclusion, we discuss biomarkers which are overlapped in most several cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Larionova
- Laboratory of Cancer Progression Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, 634009, Tomsk, Russia.
| | - Militsa Rakina
- Laboratory of Translational Cellular and Molecular Biomedicine, National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, 634050, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Elena Ivanyuk
- Laboratory of Cancer Progression Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, 634009, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Yulia Trushchuk
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, 634009, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Alena Chernyshova
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, 634009, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Evgeny Denisov
- Laboratory of Cancer Progression Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, 634009, Tomsk, Russia
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Gloeothece sp.-Exploiting a New Source of Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antitumor Agents. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19110623. [PMID: 34822494 PMCID: PMC8624295 DOI: 10.3390/md19110623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioactive lipidic compounds of microalgae, such as polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and carotenoids, can avoid or treat oxidation-associated conditions and diseases like inflammation or cancer. This study aimed to assess the bioactive potential of lipidic extracts obtained from Gloeothece sp.–using Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) solvents like ethanol, acetone, hexane:isopropanol (3:2) (HI) and ethyl lactate. The bioactive potential of extracts was assessed in terms of antioxidant (ABTS•+, DPPH•, •NO and O2•assays), anti-inflammatory (HRBC membrane stabilization and Cox-2 screening assay), and antitumor capacity (death by TUNEL, and anti-proliferative by BrdU incorporation assay in AGS cancer cells); while its composition was characterized in terms of carotenoids and fatty acids, by HPLC-DAD and GC-FID methods, respectively. Results revealed a chemopreventive potential of the HI extract owing to its ability to: (I) scavenge -NO• radical (IC50, 1258 ± 0.353 µg·mL−1); (II) inhibit 50% of COX-2 expression at 130.2 ± 7.4 µg·mL−1; (III) protect 61.6 ± 9.2% of lysosomes from heat damage, and (IV) induce AGS cell death by 4.2-fold and avoid its proliferation up to 40% in a concentration of 23.2 ± 1.9 µg·mL−1. Hence, Gloeothece sp. extracts, namely HI, were revealed to have the potential to be used for nutraceutical purposes.
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11
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Liu J, Yan S, Hu J, Ding D, Liu Y, Li X, Pan HS, Liu G, Wu B, Liu Y. MiRNA-4537 functions as a tumor suppressor in gastric cancer and increases the radiosensitivity of gastric cancer cells. Bioengineered 2021; 12:8457-8467. [PMID: 34670480 PMCID: PMC8806832 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1982843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is a common method to treat gastric cancer (GC). However, the clinical outcomes of GC radiotherapy face challenges, and the mechanisms of GC radioresistance remain unclear. Our study aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of miR-4537 in the radiation sensitivity of GC cells. Cell viability was determined by Cell Counting Kit-8. The proliferation of HGC27 and KATO III cells was measured using a colony formation assay. Flow cytometry was performed to examine the changes in cell apoptosis. Western blotting was conducted to detect the expression of zinc finger protein 587 (ZNF587) protein in HGC27 and KATO III cells. To confirm the relationship between miR-4537 and ZNF587, a luciferase reporter assay was performed. MiR-4537 was downregulated in GC tumors and cells and suppressed cell proliferation, while promoting cell apoptosis in GC. Importantly, we found that miR-4537 reduced the radioresistance of GC cells. In addition, we also confirmed that miR-4537 expression is negatively correlated with ZNF587 expression in GC tissues. MiR-4537 bound to ZNF587 and suppressed the expression level of ZNF587. Overexpression of ZNF587 partially counteracted the effects of miR-4537 on cell proliferation and apoptosis. In conclusion, in GC cells, miR-4537 inhibited the ability of cell proliferation, but on the contrary, it promoted the ability of cell apoptosis and improved radiosensitivity of the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liu
- Department of Radiology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Sili Yan
- Department of Radiology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jun Hu
- Department of Radiology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Dong Ding
- Department of Radiology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Radiology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Ultrasound Imaging, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hai Song Pan
- Department of Radiology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Gengxin Liu
- Department of Radiology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Bo Wu
- Department of Radiology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Radiology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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12
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Tang H, Long Q, Zhuang K, Han K, Zhang X, Guo H, Lu X. Retinoblastoma tumor suppressor gene 1 enhances 5-Fluorouracil chemosensitivity through SDF-1/CXCR4 axis by regulating autophagy in gastric cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2021; 224:153532. [PMID: 34214844 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2021.153532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Due to lack of effective biomarkers for early diagnosis, most patients are diagnosed with advanced gastric cancer and have lower survival rates. 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is one of commonly used drugs for chemotherapy of gastric cancer, but drug resistance limits the wide application of agents. Retinoblastoma tumor suppressor gene 1 (RB1) is a key regulator in the progression of various human cancers, including gastric cancer. However, the effects of RB1 on chemosensitivity and the underlying mechanisms in gastric cancer (GC) are not clear. In this study, expressions of RB1 in GC cell lines were evaluated by RT-qPCR and western blot assay. CCK-8 was applied to examine the effect of 5-FU on cell viability. Meanwhile, IC50 values were calculated. The drug-resistance protein MDR1 and autophagy-related proteins were detected by western blot assay. Flow cytometry was used to detect cell cycle. The results showed that RB1 expressions were downregulated in GC cell lines and had significant differences between 5-FU resistance cell lines (SNU-620/5-FU and NUGC-3/5-FU) and non-resistance cell lines (SNU-620 and NUGC-3). Overexpression of RB1 enhanced 5-FU sensitivity of GC cells and caused cell cycle arrest in the S phase. Meanwhile, autophagy-related proteins were downregulated. Mechanistically, SDF-1/CXCR4 participated in the regulation of RB1 on cell autophagy. Autophagy activator, SDF-1 treatment and CXCR4 activation reversed the promoted effects of RB1 on 5-FU sensitivity in GC cells. In conclusion, our data revealed that RB1 was downregulated in GC cell lines. RB1 overexpression enhanced 5-FU chemosensitivity in GC cells by regulating cell autophagy via SDF-1/CXCR4 pathway. RB1 might serve as a promising therapeutic target of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailing Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710003, China
| | - Qianfa Long
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710003, China
| | - Kun Zhuang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710003, China
| | - Kun Han
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710003, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710003, China
| | - Hanqing Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710003, China
| | - Xiaolan Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, China.
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Interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF-1) downregulates Checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1) through miR-195 to upregulate apoptosis and PD-L1 expression in Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. Br J Cancer 2021; 125:101-111. [PMID: 33772151 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-021-01337-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND CHK1 is considered an oncogene with overexpression in numerous cancers. However, CHK1 signalling regulation in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. METHODS CHEK1 mRNA, protein, pri-miR-195 and miR-195 expression in HCC tissue was determined by qPCR, WB and IF staining assay. Survival analyses in HCC with high- and low-CHEK1 mRNA expression was performed using TCGA database. Relative luciferase activity was investigated in HCC cells transfected with p-CHEK1 3'UTR. Apoptosis was detected by TUNEL assay. NK and CD8+ T cells were analysed by flow cytometry. RESULTS CHK1 is increased in human HCC tumours compared with non-cancerous liver. High CHK1 predicts worse prognosis. IFN-γ suppresses CHK1 via IRF-1 in HCC cells. The molecular mechanism of IRF-1 suppressing CHK1 is post-transcriptional by promoting miR-195 binding to CHEK1 mRNA 3'UTR, which exerts a translational blockade. Upregulated IRF-1 inhibits CHK1, which induces apoptosis of HCC cells. Likewise, CHK1 inhibition augments cellular apoptosis in HCC tumours. This effect may be a result of increased tumour NK cell infiltration. However, IRF-1 expression or CHK1 inhibition also upregulates PD-L1 expression via increased STAT3 phosphorylation. CONCLUSIONS IRF-1 induces miR-195 to suppress CHK1 protein expression. Both increased IRF-1 and decreased CHK1 upregulate cellular apoptosis and PD-L1 expression in HCC.
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14
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Isoforms of the p53 Family and Gastric Cancer: A Ménage à Trois for an Unfinished Affair. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13040916. [PMID: 33671606 PMCID: PMC7926742 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The p53 family is a complex family of transcription factors with different cellular functions that are involved in several physiological processes. A massive amount of data has been accumulated on their critical role in the tumorigenesis and the aggressiveness of cancers of different origins. If common features are observed, there are numerous specificities that may reflect particularities of the tissues from which the cancers originated. In this regard, gastric cancer tumorigenesis is rather remarkable, as it is induced by bacterial and viral infections, various chemical carcinogens, and familial genetic alterations, which provide an example of the variety of molecular mechanisms responsible for cell transformation and how they impact the p53 family. This review summarizes the knowledge gathered from over 40 years of research on the role of the p53 family in gastric cancer, which still displays one of the most elevated mortality rates amongst all types of cancers. Abstract Gastric cancer is one of the most aggressive cancers, with a median survival of 12 months. This illustrates its complexity and the lack of therapeutic options, such as personalized therapy, because predictive markers do not exist. Thus, gastric cancer remains mostly treated with cytotoxic chemotherapies. In addition, less than 20% of patients respond to immunotherapy. TP53 mutations are particularly frequent in gastric cancer (±50% and up to 70% in metastatic) and are considered an early event in the tumorigenic process. Alterations in the expression of other members of the p53 family, i.e., p63 and p73, have also been described. In this context, the role of the members of the p53 family and their isoforms have been investigated over the years, resulting in conflicting data. For instance, whether mutations of TP53 or the dysregulation of its homologs may represent biomarkers for aggressivity or response to therapy still remains a matter of debate. This uncertainty illustrates the lack of information on the molecular pathways involving the p53 family in gastric cancer. In this review, we summarize and discuss the most relevant molecular and clinical data on the role of the p53 family in gastric cancer and enumerate potential therapeutic innovative strategies.
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Chang HR, Jung E, Cho S, Jeon YJ, Kim Y. Targeting Non-Oncogene Addiction for Cancer Therapy. Biomolecules 2021; 11:129. [PMID: 33498235 PMCID: PMC7909239 DOI: 10.3390/biom11020129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
While Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) and technological advances have been useful in identifying genetic profiles of tumorigenesis, novel target proteins and various clinical biomarkers, cancer continues to be a major global health threat. DNA replication, DNA damage response (DDR) and repair, and cell cycle regulation continue to be essential systems in targeted cancer therapies. Although many genes involved in DDR are known to be tumor suppressor genes, cancer cells are often dependent and addicted to these genes, making them excellent therapeutic targets. In this review, genes implicated in DNA replication, DDR, DNA repair, cell cycle regulation are discussed with reference to peptide or small molecule inhibitors which may prove therapeutic in cancer patients. Additionally, the potential of utilizing novel synthetic lethal genes in these pathways is examined, providing possible new targets for future therapeutics. Specifically, we evaluate the potential of TONSL as a novel gene for targeted therapy. Although it is a scaffold protein with no known enzymatic activity, the strategy used for developing PCNA inhibitors can also be utilized to target TONSL. This review summarizes current knowledge on non-oncogene addiction, and the utilization of synthetic lethality for developing novel inhibitors targeting non-oncogenic addiction for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae Ryung Chang
- Department of Biological Sciences and Research Institute of Women’s Health, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 04310, Korea; (E.J.); (S.C.)
| | - Eunyoung Jung
- Department of Biological Sciences and Research Institute of Women’s Health, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 04310, Korea; (E.J.); (S.C.)
| | - Soobin Cho
- Department of Biological Sciences and Research Institute of Women’s Health, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 04310, Korea; (E.J.); (S.C.)
| | - Young-Jun Jeon
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea;
| | - Yonghwan Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences and Research Institute of Women’s Health, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 04310, Korea; (E.J.); (S.C.)
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16
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Sarkar S, Sahoo PK, Mahata S, Pal R, Ghosh D, Mistry T, Ghosh S, Bera T, Nasare VD. Mitotic checkpoint defects: en route to cancer and drug resistance. Chromosome Res 2021; 29:131-144. [PMID: 33409811 DOI: 10.1007/s10577-020-09646-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Loss of mitosis regulation is a common feature of malignant cells that leads to aberrant cell division with inaccurate chromosome segregation. The mitotic checkpoint is responsible for faithful transmission of genetic material to the progeny. Defects in this checkpoint, such as mutations and changes in gene expression, lead to abnormal chromosome content or aneuploidy that may facilitate cancer development. Furthermore, a defective checkpoint response is indicated in the development of drug resistance to microtubule poisons that are used in treatment of various blood and solid cancers for several decades. Mitotic slippage and senescence are important cell fates that occur even with an active mitotic checkpoint and are held responsible for the resistance. However, contradictory findings in both the scenarios of carcinogenesis and drug resistance have aroused questions on whether mitotic checkpoint defects are truly responsible for these dismal outcomes. Here, we discuss the possible contribution of the faulty checkpoint signaling in cancer development and drug resistance, followed by the latest research on this pathway for better outcomes in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinjini Sarkar
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Screening, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37, S.P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700026, India.,Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700032, India
| | - Pranab Kumar Sahoo
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Screening, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37, S.P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700026, India
| | - Sutapa Mahata
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Screening, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37, S.P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700026, India
| | - Ranita Pal
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Screening, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37, S.P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700026, India
| | - Dipanwita Ghosh
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Screening, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37, S.P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700026, India
| | - Tanuma Mistry
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Screening, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37, S.P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700026, India
| | - Sushmita Ghosh
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Screening, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37, S.P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700026, India
| | - Tanmoy Bera
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700032, India
| | - Vilas D Nasare
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Screening, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37, S.P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700026, India.
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Wang H, Ren S, Xu Y, Miao W, Huang X, Qu Z, Li J, Liu X, Kong P. MicroRNA-195 reverses the resistance to temozolomide through targeting cyclin E1 in glioma cells. Anticancer Drugs 2020; 30:81-88. [PMID: 30273182 PMCID: PMC6287895 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Glioma is the most common malignant tumor of the central nervous system with poor survival. Temozolomide (TMZ) is the first-line chemotherapy drug for initial and recurrent glioma treatment with a relatively good efficacy, which exerts its antitumor effects mainly through cell death induced by DNA double-strand breaks in the G1 and S phases. However, endogenous or acquired resistance to TMZ limits glioma patients’ clinical outcome and is also an important cause of glioma replase. MicroRNA-195 (miR-195) plays an important role in the regulation of G1-phase/S-phase transition, DNA damage repair, and apoptosis of tumor cells. We found that miR-195 expression was significantly decreased in TMZ-resistant glioma cells induced with TMZ and correlated to the resistance index negatively. Also, the exogenous expression of miR-195 reversed TMZ resistance and induced the apoptosis of TMZ-resistant glioblastoma cells. Further bioinformatics analysis showed cyclin E1 (CCNE1) was a potential target gene of miR-195. Knockdown of CCNE1 partially reversed the effect of decreased miR-195 on TMZ resistance. The data from The Cancer Genome Atlas – Cancer Genome further suggested that hsa-miR-195 could negatively regulate the expression of CCNE1 in glioma. In conclusion, miR-195 reverses the resistance to TMZ by targeting CCNE1 in glioma cells and it could act as a potential target for treatment in glioma with TMZ resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shuxian Ren
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital.,Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Third Centeral Hospital, Tianjin
| | - Yongming Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital.,Department of Neurosurgery, QuZhou People's Hospital, QuZhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Wang Miao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital
| | | | - Zhizhao Qu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital
| | - Jinhu Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital
| | | | - Pengzhou Kong
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research of Esophageal Cancer.,Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University
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18
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Cassidy KB, Bang S, Kurokawa M, Gerber SA. Direct regulation of Chk1 protein stability by E3 ubiquitin ligase HUWE1. FEBS J 2020; 287:1985-1999. [PMID: 31713291 PMCID: PMC7226928 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The HECT E3 ubiquitin ligase HUWE1 is required for a wide array of important functions in cell biology. Although HUWE1 is known to play a role in DNA damage signaling, the mechanism(s) that underlie this function remain elusive. HUWE1 regulates effectors of DNA replication and genotoxic stress tolerance. However, the loss of HUWE1 can also result in the accrual of significant endogenous DNA damage due to insufficient remediation of replication stress induced by an overabundance of key substrates. We discovered that HUWE1 depletion leads to a significant increase in levels of the single-strand break effector kinase Chk1, independent of the DNA damage response, activation of apical DNA damage repair (DDR) signaling kinases (ATM and ATR), and the tumor suppressor p53. We also identified multiple lysine residues on Chk1 that are polyubiquitinated by HUWE1 in vitro, many of which are within the kinase domain. HUWE1 knockdown also markedly prolonged the protein half-life of Chk1 in steady-state conditions and resulted in greater stabilization of Chk1 protein than depletion of Cul4A, an E3 ubiquitin ligase previously described to control Chk1 abundance. Moreover, prolonged replication stress induced by hydroxyurea or camptothecin resulted in a reduction of Chk1 protein levels, which was rescued by HUWE1 knockdown. Our study indicates that HUWE1 plays a significant role in the regulation of the DDR signaling pathway by directly modulating the abundance of Chk1 protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katelyn B. Cassidy
- Department of Molecular & Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, NH 03755
| | - Scott Bang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242
| | - Manabu Kurokawa
- Department of Molecular & Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, NH 03755
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine, Lebanon, NH 03756
| | - Scott A. Gerber
- Department of Molecular & Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, NH 03755
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine, Lebanon, NH 03756
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19
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Fadaka AO, Bakare OO, Sibuyi NRS, Klein A. Gene Expression Alterations and Molecular Analysis of CHEK1 in Solid Tumors. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12030662. [PMID: 32178478 PMCID: PMC7139733 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12030662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations in the Checkpoint kinase (CHEK1) gene, its regulation, and the possible clinical outcomes in human solid tumors have not been previously examined. Therefore, the present study was carried out to evaluate the expression of CHEK1 in solid tumors as well as the mechanism by which it can be regulated through non-coding RNAs. The expression of CHEK1 was investigated using Oncomine analysis. cBioPortal, Kaplan-Meier Plotter, and PrognoScan were performed to identify the prognostic roles of this gene in solid tumors. The copy number alteration, mutation, interactive analysis, and visualization of the altered networks were performed by cBioPortal. The molecular binding analysis was carried out by Schrodinger suite, PATCHDOCK, and discovery studio visualizer. The study demonstrated that the CHEK1 gene was differentially expressed in four different cancers, and that reduced CHEK1 mRNA expression is an unfavorable prognostic factor for patients with gastric and colorectal cancer. The molecular docking results showed that the CHEK1 gene can be regulated by microRNAs (miR-195-5p) due to the number of stable hydrogen atoms observed within the distance of 2.0 Å and the favorable amino acids (Ala221, Ile353, Ile365, Ile756, Val797, Val70, Val154, Ile159, Val347, Tyr804, Phe811, Tyr815, and Phe156) identified in the binding pocket of the argonaute protein. Due to the possibility of CHEK1's involvement in solid tumors, it may potentially be a target for therapeutic intervention in cancer. Further studies into the interaction between CHEK1 and other co-expressed genes may give further insight into other modes of regulation of this gene in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adewale Oluwaseun Fadaka
- Bioinformatics research group, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville, Cape Town 7535, South Africa
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +27-630511928 or +234-8039242052
| | - Olalekan Olanrewaju Bakare
- Bioinformatics research group, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville, Cape Town 7535, South Africa
| | - Nicole Remaliah Samantha Sibuyi
- Department of Science and Technology/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, Biolabels Node, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa
| | - Ashwil Klein
- Plant Omics group, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville, Cape Town 7535, South Africa
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20
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Guo Z, Wang Y, Zhao Y, Jin Y, An L, Xu H, Liu Z, Chen X, Zhou H, Wang H, Zhang W. A functional variant in CHK1 contributes to increased risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in a Han Chinese population. J Cell Biochem 2020; 121:3248-3255. [PMID: 31904144 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
DNA damage checkpoints act as a supervisor by preventing the course of cell cycle upon DNA damage and keeping the steadiness of genome. Checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1) cannot be ignore in the etiology of numerous human cancers including nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC). To discuss genetic polymorphisms of CHK1 rs492510 in the occurrence of NPC was our objective. Rs492510 polymorphism of CHK1 was genotyped in 684 patients with NPC and 823 cancer-free controls. We utilize logistic regression models to appraise the correlation of rs492510 and susceptibility of NPC. Comparative expression level about CHK1 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma tissues were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction. And we made use of Dual-Luciferase Reporter Assay to assess the transcriptional ability of CHK1 with different rs492510 allele. Adjusting multivariate logistic regression based on age, sex, body mass index, smoking, and drinking status showed that CHK1 rs492510 GA + GG genotype carriers presented prominent higher risk in NPC (odds ratio = 1.376, 95% confidence interval: 1.087-1.742; P = .008). As a consequence, we revealed that CHK1 relative expression levels in NPC tissues was higher than rhinitis tissues. Besides, the expressions of CHK1 in rs492510 GA genotype carriers were higher compared with people in AA genotype. The G allele of rs492510 generated remarkable higher transcription activity of CHK1 vs A allele by luciferase reporter assay. Our study considered that single nucleotide polymorphism rs492510 could increase transcription activity of CHK1 with the functionality, contributing to the susceptibility of NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Guo
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Youhong Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Province, Department of Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yi Jin
- Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Province, Department of Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liang An
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Heng Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhaoqian Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Honghao Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Province, Department of Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China
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21
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SWATH proteomic profiling of prostate cancer cells identifies NUSAP1 as a potential molecular target for Galiellalactone. J Proteomics 2019; 193:217-229. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2018.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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22
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Wu M, Pang JS, Sun Q, Huang Y, Hou JY, Chen G, Zeng JJ, Feng ZB. The clinical significance of CHEK1 in breast cancer: a high-throughput data analysis and immunohistochemical study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2019; 12:1-20. [PMID: 31933717 PMCID: PMC6944032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is a kind of malignant cancer that seriously threatens women's health. Research scientists have found that BC occurs as the result of multiple effects of the external environment and internal genetic changes. Cell cycle checkpoint kinase 1 (CHEK1) is a crucial speed limit point in the cell cycle. Alterations of CHEK1 have been found in various tumors but are rarely reported or verified in BC. By mining database information, a large amount of mRNA and protein data was collected and meta-analyzed. Also, in-house immunohistochemistry was carried out to validate the results of the CHEK1 expression levels. Relative clinical features of BC patients were calculated with the CHEK1 expression levels to determine their diagnostic value. The mRNA levels of CHEK1 were higher in 1,089 cases of BC tissues than in 291 cases of non-BC tissues. We observed that the mRNA levels of CHEK1 are related to the clinical stages of BC patients (P = 0.008) and are also significant for overall survival (HR = 1.6, P = 0.0081). Using the immunohistochemistry method, we calculated and confirmed, using Fisher's exact test (P < 0.001), that a high-level CHEK1 protein is exhibited in BC tissues. Overexpressed CHEK1 mRNA promotes the occurrence of BC. Also, up-regulated CHEK1 could serve as an independent risk biomarker in BC patients' prognoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Wu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Shu Pang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P. R. China
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P. R. China
| | - Yu Huang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Yin Hou
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P. R. China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P. R. China
| | - Jing-Jing Zeng
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P. R. China
| | - Zhen-Bo Feng
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P. R. China
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23
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Seshachalam VP, Sekar K, Hui KM. Insights into the etiology-associated gene regulatory networks in hepatocellular carcinoma from The Cancer Genome Atlas. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018; 33:2037-2047. [PMID: 29672926 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.14262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus, alcohol consumption, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease are the major known risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). There have been very few studies comparing the underlying biological mechanisms associated with the different etiologies of HCC. In this study, we hypothesized the existence of different regulatory networks associated with different liver disease etiologies involved in hepatocarcinogenesis. METHODS Using upstream regulatory analysis tool in ingenuity pathway analysis software, upstream regulators (URs) were predicted using differential expressed genes for HCC to facilitate the interrogation of global gene regulation. RESULTS Analysis of regulatory networks for HBV HCC revealed E2F1 as activated UR, regulating genes involved in cell cycle and DNA replication, and HNF4A and HNF1A as inhibited UR. In hepatitis C virus HCC, interferon-γ, involved in cellular movement and signaling, was activated, while IL1RN, mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 involved in interleukin 22 signaling and immune response, was inhibited. In alcohol consumption HCC, ERBB2 involved in inflammatory response and cellular movement was activated, whereas HNF4A and NUPR1 were inhibited. For HCC derived from non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, miR-1249-5p was activated, and NUPR1 involved in cell cycle and apoptosis was inhibited. The prognostic value of representative genes identified in the regulatory networks for HBV HCC can be further validated by an independent HBV HCC dataset established in our laboratory with survival data. CONCLUSIONS Our study identified functionally distinct candidate URs for HCC developed from different etiologic risk factors. Further functional validation studies of these regulatory networks could facilitate the management of HCC towards personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karthik Sekar
- Laboratory of Cancer Genomics, Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Center Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kam M Hui
- Laboratory of Cancer Genomics, Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Center Singapore, Singapore.,Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Singapore.,Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore.,Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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24
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Ebili HO, Iyawe VO, Adeleke KR, Salami BA, Banjo AA, Nolan C, Rakha E, Ellis I, Green A, Agboola AOJ. Checkpoint Kinase 1 Expression Predicts Poor Prognosis in Nigerian Breast Cancer Patients. Mol Diagn Ther 2018; 22:79-90. [PMID: 29075961 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-017-0302-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Checkpoint kinase 1 (CHEK1), a DNA damage sensor and cell death pathway stimulator, is regarded as an oncogene in tumours, where its activities are considered essential for tumourigenesis and the survival of cancer cells treated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy. In breast cancer, CHEK1 expression has been associated with an aggressive tumour phenotype, the triple-negative breast cancer subtype, an aberrant response to tamoxifen, and poor prognosis. However, the relevance of CHEK1 expression has, hitherto, not been investigated in an indigenous African population. We therefore aimed to investigate the clinicopathological, biological, and prognostic significance of CHEK1 expression in a cohort of Nigerian breast cancer cases. MATERIAL AND METHODS Tissue microarrays of 207 Nigerian breast cancer cases were tested for CHEK1 expression using immunohistochemistry. The clinicopathological, molecular, and prognostic characteristics of CHEK1-positive tumours were determined using the Chi-squared test and Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses in SPSS Version 16. RESULTS Nuclear expression of CHEK1 was present in 61% of breast tumours and was associated with tumour size, triple-negative cancer, basal-like phenotype, the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, p53 over-expression, DNA homologous repair pathway dysfunction, and poor prognosis. CONCLUSIONS The rate expression of CHEK1 is high in Nigerian breast cancer cases and is associated with an aggressive phenotype and poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Okuchukwu Ebili
- Department of Morbid Anatomy and Histopathology, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Sagamu Campus, Hospital Road, Sagamu, Ogun State, Nigeria.
| | - Victoria O Iyawe
- Department of Morbid Anatomy and Histopathology, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Sagamu Campus, Hospital Road, Sagamu, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Kikelomo Rachel Adeleke
- Department of Morbid Anatomy and Histopathology, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Sagamu Campus, Hospital Road, Sagamu, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | | | - Adekunbiola Aina Banjo
- Department of Morbid Anatomy and Histopathology, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Sagamu Campus, Hospital Road, Sagamu, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Chris Nolan
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Emad Rakha
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Ian Ellis
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Andrew Green
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Ayodeji Olayinka Johnson Agboola
- Department of Morbid Anatomy and Histopathology, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Sagamu Campus, Hospital Road, Sagamu, Ogun State, Nigeria
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25
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Pajuelo-Lozano N, Bargiela-Iparraguirre J, Dominguez G, Quiroga AG, Perona R, Sanchez-Perez I. XPA, XPC, and XPD Modulate Sensitivity in Gastric Cisplatin Resistance Cancer Cells. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1197. [PMID: 30386247 PMCID: PMC6199368 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin is an election drug widely used in clinic for the treatment of advanced gastric cancer. However, the heterogeneity of the gastric tumors and its resistance to the drugs, make in some cases the response very low and the prognosis unpredictable. In this manuscript we aim to find the molecular processes involved in cisplatin-induced apoptosis in two gastric cancer cell lines with different sensitivity to the treatment: AGS and MKN45. The apoptosis induction is higher in MKN45 than in AGS cells in response to CDDP. The intrinsic apoptotic pathway study revealed that MKN45 cells undergo degradation of Mcl-1 together with an increase of Bid and Bad levels, which results in sensitivity to CDDP. In addition, DNA repair NER pathway is impair in MKN45 cells due to low levels of XPC and the absence of translocation of XPA and XPD to the nucleus after stimuli. Altogether, these results suggest that NER and Bcl-2 protein family proteins are potential targets to improve the response to cisplatin treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Pajuelo-Lozano
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Madrid, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas - Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas - Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jone Bargiela-Iparraguirre
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Madrid, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas - Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gemma Dominguez
- Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Madrid, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas - Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Adoracion G Quiroga
- Departamento de Quimica Inorganica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosario Perona
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas - Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,CIBER of Rare Diseases, Valencia, Spain
| | - Isabel Sanchez-Perez
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Madrid, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas - Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas - Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,CIBER of Rare Diseases, Valencia, Spain.,Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Albacete, Spain
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26
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Zhang N, Fei Q, Gu J, Yin L, He X. Progress of preoperative and postoperative radiotherapy in gastric cancer. World J Surg Oncol 2018; 16:187. [PMID: 30213266 PMCID: PMC6137719 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-018-1490-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric carcinoma, a highly common malignant tumor, is treated mainly by surgery. Meanwhile, radiotherapy is attracting increased attention as a crucial locoregional therapy. However, the application of radiotherapy in gastric carcinoma is still limited and radiation standards remain debatable. MAIN BODY The use of preoperative radiotherapy for treating gastroesophageal junction cancer has advanced. However, additional phase III clinical trials are needed to further verify the therapeutic value of preoperative radiotherapy for gastric cancer. Patients with D1 or D1 plus lymphadenectomy can benefit from postoperative radiotherapy obviously, and postoperative radiotherapy may be effective for patients with D2 lymphadenectomy with a high N stage. The target volume delineation of preoperative and postoperative radiotherapy should be based on clinical experience and the characteristics of lymphatic drainage. CONCLUSIONS With the advancement of radiotherapy technology, preoperative and postoperative radiotherapy are becoming increasingly accepted as important auxiliary treatments for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, 42 Baiziting, Nanjing, 210009 Jiangsu China
| | - Qian Fei
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, 42 Baiziting, Nanjing, 210009 Jiangsu China
- The Fourth Clinical School of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiajia Gu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, 42 Baiziting, Nanjing, 210009 Jiangsu China
| | - Li Yin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, 42 Baiziting, Nanjing, 210009 Jiangsu China
- The Fourth Clinical School of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xia He
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, 42 Baiziting, Nanjing, 210009 Jiangsu China
- The Fourth Clinical School of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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27
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STK3 is a therapeutic target for a subset of acute myeloid leukemias. Oncotarget 2018; 9:25458-25473. [PMID: 29876001 PMCID: PMC5986655 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is characterized by uncontrolled proliferation and accumulation of immature myeloblasts, which impair normal hematopoiesis. While this definition categorizes the disease into a distinctive group, the large number of different genetic and epigenetic alterations actually suggests that AML is not a single disease, but a plethora of malignancies. Still, most AML patients are not treated with targeted medication but rather by uniform approaches such as chemotherapy. The identification of novel treatment options likely requires the identification of cancer cell vulnerabilities that take into account the different genetic and epigenetic make-up of the individual tumors. Here we show that STK3 depletion by knock-down, knock-out or chemical inhibition results in apoptotic cells death in some but not all AML cell lines and primary cells tested. This effect is mediated by a premature activation of cyclin dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) in presence of elevated cyclin B1 levels. The anti-leukemic effects seen in both bulk and progenitor AML cells suggests that STK3 might be a promising target in a subset of AML patients.
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28
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Bai M, Song N, Che X, Wang X, Qu X, Liu Y. Chk1 activation attenuates sensitivity of lapatinib in HER2-positive gastric cancer. Cell Biol Int 2018; 42:781-793. [PMID: 29271513 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Bai
- Department of Medical Oncology; The First Hospital of China Medical University; Shenyang 110001 China
- Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province; The First Hospital of China Medical University; Shenyang 110001 China
| | - Na Song
- Department of Medical Oncology; The First Hospital of China Medical University; Shenyang 110001 China
- Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province; The First Hospital of China Medical University; Shenyang 110001 China
| | - Xiaofang Che
- Department of Medical Oncology; The First Hospital of China Medical University; Shenyang 110001 China
- Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province; The First Hospital of China Medical University; Shenyang 110001 China
| | - Xiaoxun Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology; The First Hospital of China Medical University; Shenyang 110001 China
- Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province; The First Hospital of China Medical University; Shenyang 110001 China
| | - Xiujuan Qu
- Department of Medical Oncology; The First Hospital of China Medical University; Shenyang 110001 China
- Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province; The First Hospital of China Medical University; Shenyang 110001 China
| | - Yunpeng Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology; The First Hospital of China Medical University; Shenyang 110001 China
- Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province; The First Hospital of China Medical University; Shenyang 110001 China
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29
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Yan LH, Chen ZN, Li-Li, Chen J, Wei WE, Mo XW, Qin YZ, Lin Y, Chen JS. miR-135a promotes gastric cancer progression and resistance to oxaliplatin. Oncotarget 2018; 7:70699-70714. [PMID: 27683111 PMCID: PMC5342584 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance to oxaliplatin (OXA)-based chemotherapy regimens continues to be a major cause of gastric cancer (GC) recurrence and metastasis. We analyzed GC samples and matched non-tumorous control stomach tissues from 280 patients and found that miR-135a was overexpressed in GC samples relative to control tissues. Tumors with high miR-135a expression were more likely to have aggressive characteristics (high levels of carcino-embryonic antigen, vascular invasion, lymphatic metastasis, and poor differentiation) than those with low levels. Patients with greater tumoral expression of miR-135a had shorter overall survival times and times to disease recurrence. Furthermore, miR-135a, which promotes the proliferation and invasion of OXA-resistant GC cells, inhibited E2F transcription factor 1 (E2F1)-induced apoptosis by downregulating E2F1 and Death-associated protein kinase 2 (DAPK2) expression. Our results indicate that higher levels of miR-135a in GC are associated with shorter survival times and reduced times to disease recurrence. The mechanism whereby miR-135a promotes GC pathogenesis appears to be the suppression of E2F1 expression and Sp1/DAPK2 pathway signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Hai Yan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Zhi-Ning Chen
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Li-Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The People Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Jia Chen
- Department of Medical Image Center, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Wen-E Wei
- Department of Research, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xian-Wei Mo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yu-Zhou Qin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yuan Lin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Jian-Si Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
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30
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Fang Z, Gong C, Yu S, Zhou W, Hassan W, Li H, Wang X, Hu Y, Gu K, Chen X, Hong B, Bao Y, Chen X, Zhang X, Liu H. NFYB-induced high expression of E2F1 contributes to oxaliplatin resistance in colorectal cancer via the enhancement of CHK1 signaling. Cancer Lett 2017; 415:58-72. [PMID: 29203250 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
As a third-generation platinum drug, oxaliplatin has been widely applied in colorectal cancer (CRC); however, acquired resistance to oxaliplatin has become a major obstacle. In the present study, we found that the nuclear transcription factor Y subunit beta (NFYB) and E2F transcription factor 1 (E2F1) expression levels were significantly higher in oxaliplatin-resistant DLD1 and RKO CRC (OR-CRC) cells than in non-resistant cells. Additionally, highly expressed NFYB transactivated the E2F1 gene, which is important to maintain oxaliplatin resistance in OR-CRC cells. And Sirt1-dependent deacetylation suppresses the proapoptotic activity of E2F1 in OR-CRC cells. Through profiling the transcriptome of OR-CRC cells following E2F1 knockdown, CHK1 was identified as a target of E2F1. Deprivation of CHK1 sensitized OR-CRC cells to oxaliplatin. In vitro and in vivo phenotype experiments confirmed that an intact NFYB-E2F1-CHK1 axis was required to suppress oxaliplatin-induced apoptosis and maintain the tumorigenicity in OR-CRC cells. Knockdown of E2F1 in OR-CRC cells also decreased the expression of Pol κ, which was essential for CHK1 activation. Consistently, a high level of NFYB, E2F1, or CHK1 predicted poor survival in CRC patients, especially with oxaliplatin treatment. Collectively, the NFYB-E2F1 pathway displays a crucial role in the chemoresistance of OR-CRC by inducing the expression and activation of CHK1, providing a possible therapeutic target for oxaliplatin resistance in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zejun Fang
- Central Laboratory, Sanmen People's Hospital of Zhejiang, Sanmenwan Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Sanmen, 317100, China; Zhejiang Normal University - Jinhua People's Hospital Joint Center for Biomedical Research, Jinhua, 321004, China.
| | - Chaoju Gong
- Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, The First People's Hospital of Xuzhou, Xuzhou, 221002, China
| | - Songshan Yu
- Central Laboratory, Sanmen People's Hospital of Zhejiang, Sanmenwan Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Sanmen, 317100, China
| | - Weihua Zhou
- Central Laboratory, Sanmen People's Hospital of Zhejiang, Sanmenwan Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Sanmen, 317100, China
| | - Waseem Hassan
- Department of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 60000, Pakistan; Department of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, 40100, Pakistan
| | - Hongzhang Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sanmen People's Hospital of Zhejiang, Sanmen, 317100, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yanyan Hu
- Central Laboratory, Sanmen People's Hospital of Zhejiang, Sanmenwan Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Sanmen, 317100, China
| | - Kaipeng Gu
- Central Laboratory, Sanmen People's Hospital of Zhejiang, Sanmenwan Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Sanmen, 317100, China
| | - Xixi Chen
- Central Laboratory, Sanmen People's Hospital of Zhejiang, Sanmenwan Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Sanmen, 317100, China
| | - Bing Hong
- Pharmaceutical Preparation Section, Sanmen People's Hospital of Zhejiang, Sanmen, 317100, China
| | - Yuyan Bao
- Pharmaceutical Preparation Section, Sanmen People's Hospital of Zhejiang, Sanmen, 317100, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Central Laboratory, Sanmen People's Hospital of Zhejiang, Sanmenwan Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Sanmen, 317100, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Pharmaceutical Preparation Section, Sanmen People's Hospital of Zhejiang, Sanmen, 317100, China.
| | - Hong Liu
- Zhejiang Normal University - Jinhua People's Hospital Joint Center for Biomedical Research, Jinhua, 321004, China; The Affiliated Hospital of Jinhua Polytechnic College, Jinhua, 321000, China.
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31
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Jing W, Song N, Liu Y, Qu X, Hou K, Yang X, Che X. DNA methyltransferase 3a modulates chemosensitivity to gemcitabine and oxaliplatin via CHK1 and AKT in p53‑deficient pancreatic cancer cells. Mol Med Rep 2017; 17:117-124. [PMID: 29115606 PMCID: PMC5780073 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The aberrant expression of DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) has been considered to be associated with pancreatic carcinogenesis and progression. DNMT3a is widely involved in cell proliferation and cell cycle progression in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells. However, its regulation of chemosensitivity to gemcitabine (GEM) and oxaliplatin (OXA) in p53‑deficient PDAC remains unclear. In the present study, the effect and mechanisms of DNMT3a on GEM and OXA chemosensitivity in p53‑deficient PDAC cells were investigated using MTT assay, cell cycle analysis, apoptosis analysis and western blotting. The treatment of GEM and OXA induced S phase arrest by DNA damage, and enhanced the activation of the AKT signaling pathway in Panc‑1 cells. Downregulation of DNMT3a increased the chemosensitivity to both GEM and OXA in Panc‑1 cells. DNMT3a depletion distinctly abolished S phase arrest induced by GEM and OXA. Further research demonstrated that activation inhibition of CHK1 and AKT, as well as an increase in apoptosis, were involved in DNMT3a‑mediated chemosensitivity to GEM and OXA. Taken together, these data demonstrated that DNMT3a serves a crucial role in the regulation of chemosensitivity to GEM and OXA, and suggests a promising therapeutic target for p53‑deficient PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jing
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Na Song
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Yunpeng Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Xiujuan Qu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Kezuo Hou
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Xianghong Yang
- Department of Pathology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofang Che
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
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Ma H, Lian R, Wu Z, Li X, Yu W, Shang Y, Guo X. MiR-503 enhances the radiosensitivity of laryngeal carcinoma cells via the inhibition of WEE1. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317706224. [PMID: 29019284 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317706224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Ma
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, P.R. China
| | - Rong Lian
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, P.R. China
| | - Zhiyan Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, P.R. China
| | - Wenfa Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, P.R. China
| | - Yun Shang
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, P.R. China
| | - Xixia Guo
- The Third Department of Pediatric Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, P.R. China
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XRRA1 Targets ATM/CHK1/2-Mediated DNA Repair in Colorectal Cancer. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:5718968. [PMID: 29082250 PMCID: PMC5634579 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5718968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
X-ray radiation resistance associated 1 (XRRA1) has been found to regulate the response of human tumor and normal cells to X-radiation (XR). Although XRRA1 overexpression is known to be involved in cancer cell response to XR, there are no reports about whether the expression of XRRA1 in tumors can adjust radioresistance. It is widely known that cell cycle arrest could cause radioresistance. We found that blocked XRRA1 expression could lead to cell cycle G2/M arrest by the regulation of cyclin A, cyclin E, and p21 proteins in colorectal cancer (CRC) and expression of XRRA1 reduced cell cycle arrest and increased cell proliferation in CRC. However, whether regulation of the cell cycle by XRRA1 can influence radioresistance is poorly characterized. Correspondingly, DNA repair can effectively lead to radioresistance. In our study, when cancer cells were exposed to drugs and ionizing radiation, low expression of XRRA1 could increase the phosphorylation of DNA repair pathway factors CHK1, CHK2, and ATM and reduce the expression of γ-H2AX, which is believed to participate in DNA repair in the nucleus. Crucially, our results identify a novel link between XRRA1 and the ATM/CHK1/2 pathway and suggest that XRRA1 is involved in a DNA damage response that drives radio- and chemoresistance by regulating the ATM/CHK1/2 pathway.
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Suzuki M, Yamamori T, Bo T, Sakai Y, Inanami O. MK-8776, a novel Chk1 inhibitor, exhibits an improved radiosensitizing effect compared to UCN-01 by exacerbating radiation-induced aberrant mitosis. Transl Oncol 2017; 10:491-500. [PMID: 28550769 PMCID: PMC5447387 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2017.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1) is an evolutionarily conserved serine/threonine kinase that plays an important role in G2/M checkpoint signaling. Here, we evaluate the radiosensitizing effects of a novel selective Chk1 inhibitor MK-8776, comparing its efficacy with a first-generation Chk1 inhibitor UCN-01, and attempt to elucidate the mechanism of radiosensitization. In a clonogenic survival assay, MK-8776 demonstrated a more pronounced radiosensitizing effect than UCN-01, with lower cytotoxicity. Importantly, radiosensitization by MK-8776 can be achieved at doses as low as 2.5 Gy, which is a clinically applicable irradiation dose. MK-8776, but not UCN-01, exacerbated mitotic catastrophe (MC) and centrosome abnormalities, without affecting repair kinetics of DNA double strand breaks. Furthermore, live-cell imaging revealed that MK-8776 significantly abrogated the radiation-induced G2/M checkpoint, prolonged the mitotic phase, and enhanced aberrant mitosis. This suggests that Chk1 inhibition by MK-8776 activates a spindle assembly checkpoint and increases mitotic defects in irradiated EMT6 cells. In conclusion, we have shown that, at minimally toxic concentrations, MK-8776 enhances radiation-induced cell death through the enhancement of aberrant mitosis and MC, without affecting DNA damage repair.
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Ni J, Bucci J, Chang L, Malouf D, Graham P, Li Y. Targeting MicroRNAs in Prostate Cancer Radiotherapy. Theranostics 2017; 7:3243-3259. [PMID: 28900507 PMCID: PMC5595129 DOI: 10.7150/thno.19934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is one of the most important treatment options for localized early-stage or advanced-stage prostate cancer (CaP). Radioresistance (relapse after radiotherapy) is a major challenge for the current radiotherapy. There is great interest in investigating mechanisms of radioresistance and developing novel treatment strategies to overcome radioresistance. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level, participating in numerous physiological and pathological processes including cancer invasion, progression, metastasis and therapeutic resistance. Emerging evidence indicates that miRNAs play a critical role in the modulation of key cellular pathways that mediate response to radiation, influencing the radiosensitivity of the cancer cells through interplaying with other biological processes such as cell cycle checkpoints, apoptosis, autophagy, epithelial-mesenchymal transition and cancer stem cells. Here, we summarize several important miRNAs in CaP radiation response and then discuss the regulation of the major signalling pathways and biological processes by miRNAs in CaP radiotherapy. Finally, we emphasize on microRNAs as potential predictive biomarkers and/or therapeutic targets to improve CaP radiosensitivity.
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Yin Y, Shen Q, Zhang P, Tao R, Chang W, Li R, Xie G, Liu W, Zhang L, Kapoor P, Song S, Ajani J, Mills GB, Chen J, Tao K, Peng G. Chk1 inhibition potentiates the therapeutic efficacy of PARP inhibitor BMN673 in gastric cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2017; 7:473-483. [PMID: 28401005 PMCID: PMC5385637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, gastric cancer is the second leading cause of cancer deaths because of the lack of effective treatments for patients with advanced tumors when curative surgery is not possible. Thus, there is an urgent need to identify molecular targets in gastric cancer that can be used for developing novel therapies and prolonging patient survival. Checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1) is a crucial regulator of cell cycle transition in DNA damage response (DDR). In our study, we report that Chk1 plays an important role in promoting gastric cancer cell survival and growth, which serves as an effective therapeutic target in gastric cancer. First, Chk1 ablation by small interfering RNA could significantly inhibit cell proliferation and sensitize the effects of ionizing radiation (IR) treatment in both p53 wild type gastric cancer cell line AGS, and p53 mutant cell line MKN1. Secondly, we tested the anticancer effects of Chk1 chemical inhibitor LY2606368, which is a novel Chk1/2 targeted drug undergoing clinical trials in many malignant diseases. We found that LY2606368 can induce DNA damage, and remarkably suppress cancer proliferation and induce apoptosis in AGS and MKN1 cells. Moreover, we identified that LY2606368 can significantly inhibit homologous recombination (HR) mediated DNA repair and thus showed marked synergistic anticancer effect in combination with poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) inhibitor BMN673 in both in vitro studies and in vivo experiments using a gastric cancer PDx model. The synergy between LY2606368 and PARP1 was likely caused by impaired the G2M checkpoint due to LY2606368 treatment, which forced mitotic entry and cell death in the presence of BMN673. In conclusion, we propose that Chk1 is a valued target for gastric cancer treatment, especially Chk1 inhibitor combined with PARP inhibitor may be a more effective therapeutic strategy in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Yin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan, Hubei, China
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TX, USA
| | - Qian Shen
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ruikang Tao
- Center for Biomolecular Science and Engineering, University of California Santa CruzSanta Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Weilong Chang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of ZhengzhouHenan, China
| | - Ruidong Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Gengchen Xie
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Weizhen Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lihong Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Prabodh Kapoor
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at TylerTyler, TX, USA
| | - Shumei Song
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TX, USA
| | - Jaffer Ajani
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TX, USA
| | - Gordon B Mills
- Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TX, USA
| | - Jianying Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Kaixiong Tao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Guang Peng
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TX, USA
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