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Rafiei S, Ghanbari-Abdolmaleki M, Zeinali R, Heidari-Keshel S, Rahimi A, Royanian F, Zaeifi D, Taheri K, Pourtaghi K, Khaleghi M, Biazar E. Silk fibroin/vitreous humor hydrogel scaffold modified by a carbodiimide crosslinker for wound healing. Biopolymers 2024:e23612. [PMID: 38994706 DOI: 10.1002/bip.23612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Natural-derived biomaterials can be used as substrates for the growth, proliferation, and differentiation of cells. In this study, bovine vitreous humor as a biological material was cross-linked to silk fibroin with different concentration ratios to design a suitable substrate for corneal tissue regeneration. The cross-linked samples were evaluated with different analyses such as structural, physical (optical, swelling, and degradation), mechanical, and biological (viability, cell adhesion) assays. The results showed that all samples had excellent transparency, especially those with higher silk fibroin content. Increasing the ratio of vitreous humor to silk fibroin decreased mechanical strength and increased swelling and degradation, respectively. There was no significant difference in the toxicity of the samples, and with the increase in vitreous humor ratio, adhesion and cell proliferation increased. Generally, silk fibroin with vitreous humor can provide desirable characteristics as a transparent film for corneal wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Rafiei
- Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran
| | | | - Reza Zeinali
- Group of Molecular and Industrial Biotechnology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universität Politècnica de Catalunya, Terrassa, Spain
| | - Saeed Heidari-Keshel
- Medical Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azam Rahimi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farima Royanian
- Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran
| | - Davood Zaeifi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kiana Taheri
- Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran
| | - Kimia Pourtaghi
- Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran
| | - Maryam Khaleghi
- Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran
| | - Esmaeil Biazar
- Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran
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2
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Li J, Guo J, Wang BX, Zhang Y, Yao Q, Cheng DH, Lu YH. Wound Microenvironment Self-Adjusting Hydrogels with Thermo-Sensitivity for Promoting Diabetic Wound Healing. Gels 2023; 9:987. [PMID: 38131973 PMCID: PMC10742986 DOI: 10.3390/gels9120987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The hard-healing chronic wounds of diabetics are still one of the most intractable problems in clinical skin injury repair. Wound microenvironments directly affect wound healing speed, but conventional dressings exhibit limited efficacy in regulating the wound microenvironment and facilitating healing. To address this serious issue, we designed a thermo-sensitive drug-controlled hydrogel with wound self-adjusting effects, consisting of a sodium alginate (SA), Antheraeapernyi silk gland protein (ASGP) and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) for a self-adjusting microenvironment, resulting in an intelligent releasing drug which promotes skin regeneration. PNIPAM has a benign temperature-sensitive effect. The contraction, drugs and water molecules expulsion of hydrogel were generated upon surpassing lower critical solution temperatures, which made the hydrogel system have smart drug release properties. The addition of ASGP further improves the biocompatibility and endows the thermo-sensitive drug-controlled hydrogel with adhesion. Additionally, in vitro assays demonstrate that the thermo-sensitive drug-controlled hydrogels have good biocompatibility, including the ability to promote the adhesion and proliferation of human skin fibroblast cells. This work proposes an approach for smart drug-controlled hydrogels with a thermo response to promote wound healing by self-adjusting the wound microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- School of Textile and Material Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; (J.L.); (Q.Y.)
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Textile Materials, Liaodong University, Dandong 118000, China; (B.-X.W.); (Y.Z.); (D.-H.C.); (Y.-H.L.)
- School of Textiles and Garment, Liaodong University, Dandong 118003, China
| | - Jing Guo
- School of Textile and Material Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; (J.L.); (Q.Y.)
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Bo-Xiang Wang
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Textile Materials, Liaodong University, Dandong 118000, China; (B.-X.W.); (Y.Z.); (D.-H.C.); (Y.-H.L.)
- School of Textiles and Garment, Liaodong University, Dandong 118003, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Textile Materials, Liaodong University, Dandong 118000, China; (B.-X.W.); (Y.Z.); (D.-H.C.); (Y.-H.L.)
- School of Textiles and Garment, Liaodong University, Dandong 118003, China
| | - Qiang Yao
- School of Textile and Material Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; (J.L.); (Q.Y.)
| | - De-Hong Cheng
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Textile Materials, Liaodong University, Dandong 118000, China; (B.-X.W.); (Y.Z.); (D.-H.C.); (Y.-H.L.)
- School of Textiles and Garment, Liaodong University, Dandong 118003, China
| | - Yan-Hua Lu
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Textile Materials, Liaodong University, Dandong 118000, China; (B.-X.W.); (Y.Z.); (D.-H.C.); (Y.-H.L.)
- School of Textiles and Garment, Liaodong University, Dandong 118003, China
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3
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Kumar Sahi A, Gundu S, Kumari P, Klepka T, Sionkowska A. Silk-Based Biomaterials for Designing Bioinspired Microarchitecture for Various Biomedical Applications. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:biomimetics8010055. [PMID: 36810386 PMCID: PMC9944155 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8010055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomaterial research has led to revolutionary healthcare advances. Natural biological macromolecules can impact high-performance, multipurpose materials. This has prompted the quest for affordable healthcare solutions, with a focus on renewable biomaterials with a wide variety of applications and ecologically friendly techniques. Imitating their chemical compositions and hierarchical structures, bioinspired based materials have elevated rapidly over the past few decades. Bio-inspired strategies entail extracting fundamental components and reassembling them into programmable biomaterials. This method may improve its processability and modifiability, allowing it to meet the biological application criteria. Silk is a desirable biosourced raw material due to its high mechanical properties, flexibility, bioactive component sequestration, controlled biodegradability, remarkable biocompatibility, and inexpensiveness. Silk regulates temporo-spatial, biochemical and biophysical reactions. Extracellular biophysical factors regulate cellular destiny dynamically. This review examines the bioinspired structural and functional properties of silk material based scaffolds. We explored silk types, chemical composition, architecture, mechanical properties, topography, and 3D geometry to unlock the body's innate regenerative potential, keeping in mind the novel biophysical properties of silk in film, fiber, and other potential forms, coupled with facile chemical changes, and its ability to match functional requirements for specific tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Kumar Sahi
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Jurija Gagarina 11, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
- Correspondence: (A.K.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Shravanya Gundu
- Indian Institute of Technology, School of Biomedical Engineering, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pooja Kumari
- Indian Institute of Technology, School of Biomedical Engineering, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Tomasz Klepka
- Department of Technology and Polymer Processing, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Lublin University of Technology, 36, Nadbystrzycka Str, 20-618 Lublin, Poland
| | - Alina Sionkowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Jurija Gagarina 11, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
- Calisia University, Nowy Świat 4, 62-800 Kalisz, Poland
- Correspondence: (A.K.S.); (A.S.)
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4
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Croft AS, Spessot E, Bhattacharjee P, Yang Y, Motta A, Wöltje M, Gantenbein B. Biomedical applications of silk and its role for intervertebral disc repair. JOR Spine 2022; 5:e1225. [PMID: 36601376 PMCID: PMC9799090 DOI: 10.1002/jsp2.1225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration (IDD) is the main contributor to chronic low back pain. To date, the present therapies mainly focus on treating the symptoms caused by IDD rather than addressing the problem itself. For this reason, researchers have searched for a suitable biomaterial to repair and/or regenerate the IVD. A promising candidate to fill this gap is silk, which has already been used as a biomaterial for many years. Therefore, this review aims first to elaborate on the different origins from which silk is harvested, the individual composition, and the characteristics of each silk type. Another goal is to enlighten why silk is so suitable as a biomaterial, discuss its functionalization, and how it could be used for tissue engineering purposes. The second part of this review aims to provide an overview of preclinical studies using silk-based biomaterials to repair the inner region of the IVD, the nucleus pulposus (NP), and the IVD's outer area, the annulus fibrosus (AF). Since the NP and the AF differ fundamentally in their structure, different therapeutic approaches are required. Consequently, silk-containing hydrogels have been used mainly to repair the NP, and silk-based scaffolds have been used for the AF. Although most preclinical studies have shown promising results in IVD-related repair and regeneration, their clinical transition is yet to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas S. Croft
- Tissue Engineering for Orthopaedic & Mechanobiology, Bone & Joint Program, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), Medical FacultyUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
| | - Eugenia Spessot
- Department of Industrial Engineering and BIOtech Research CenterUniversity of TrentoTrentoItaly,European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine UnitTrentoItaly
| | - Promita Bhattacharjee
- Department of Chemical SciencesSSPC the Science Foundation Ireland Research Centre for Pharmaceuticals, Bernal Institute, University of LimerickLimerickIreland
| | - Yuejiao Yang
- Department of Industrial Engineering and BIOtech Research CenterUniversity of TrentoTrentoItaly,European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine UnitTrentoItaly,INSTM, Trento Research Unit, Interuniversity Consortium for Science and Technology of MaterialsTrentoItaly
| | - Antonella Motta
- Department of Industrial Engineering and BIOtech Research CenterUniversity of TrentoTrentoItaly,European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine UnitTrentoItaly,INSTM, Trento Research Unit, Interuniversity Consortium for Science and Technology of MaterialsTrentoItaly
| | - Michael Wöltje
- Institute of Textile Machinery and High Performance Material TechnologyDresdenGermany
| | - Benjamin Gantenbein
- Tissue Engineering for Orthopaedic & Mechanobiology, Bone & Joint Program, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), Medical FacultyUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery & Traumatology, InselspitalBern University Hospital, Medical Faculty, University of BernBernSwitzerland
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5
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Photocrosslinkable Silk-Based Biomaterials for Regenerative Medicine and Healthcare Applications. REGENERATIVE ENGINEERING AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s40883-022-00277-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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6
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Beena M, Ameer JM, Kasoju N. Optically Clear Silk Fibroin Films with Tunable Properties for Potential Corneal Tissue Engineering Applications: A Process-Property-Function Relationship Study. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:29634-29646. [PMID: 36061739 PMCID: PMC9434766 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c01579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Owing to the shortage of donor corneas and issues associated with conventional corneal transplantation, corneal tissue engineering has emerged as a promising therapeutic alternative. Biocompatibility and other attractive features make silk fibroin a biomaterial of choice for corneal tissue engineering applications. The current study presents three modes of silk fibroin film fabrication by solvent casting with popular solvents, viz. aqueous (aq), formic acid (FA), and hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP), followed by three standard modes of postfabrication annealing with water vapor, methanol vapor, and steam, and systematic characterization studies including corneal cell culture in vitro. The results indicated that silk fibroin films made from aq, FA, and HFIP solvents had surface roughness (Rq) of 1.39, 0.32, and 0.13, contact angles of 73°, 85°, and 89°, water uptake% of 58, 29, and 27%, swelling ratios of 1.58, 1.3, and 1.28, and water vapor transmission% of 39, 26, and 22%, respectively. The degradation rate was in the order of aq > HF > FA, whereas the tensile strength was in the order of aq < HF < FA. Further, the results of the annealing process indicated notable changes in morpho-topographical, physical, degradation, and tensile properties. However, the films showed no detectable changes in chemical composition and remained optically clear with >90% transmission in the visible range, irrespective of fabrication and postfabrication processing conditions. The films were noncytotoxic against L929 cells and were cytocompatible with rabbit cornea-derived SIRC cells in vitro. The study demonstrated the potential of fine-tuning various properties of silk fibroin films by varying the fabrication and postfabrication processing conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Beena
- Division of Tissue Culture, Department of Applied Biology, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram 695012, Kerala, India
| | - Jimna Mohamed Ameer
- Division of Tissue Culture, Department of Applied Biology, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram 695012, Kerala, India
| | - Naresh Kasoju
- Division of Tissue Culture, Department of Applied Biology, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram 695012, Kerala, India
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7
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Pourjabbar B, Biazar E, Heidari Keshel S, Baradaran‐Rafii A. Improving the properties of fish skin collagen/silk fibroin dressing by chemical treatment for corneal wound healing. Int Wound J 2022; 20:484-498. [PMID: 35912793 PMCID: PMC9885469 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.13896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural biomaterials are crucial in ocular tissue engineering because they allow cells to proliferate, differentiate, and stratify while maintaining the typical epithelial phenotype. In this study, membranes as dressings were formed from silk fibroin and collagen (Co) extracted from fish skin and then modified with carbodiimide chemical cross linker in different concentrations. The samples were evaluated by different analyses such as structural, physical (optical, swelling, denaturation temperature, degradation), mechanical, and biological (viability, cell adhesion, immunocytochemistry) assays. The results showed that all membranes have excellent transparency, especially with higher silk fibroin content. Increasing the cross linker concentration and the ratio of silk fibroin to Co increased the denaturation temperature and mechanical strength and, conversely, reduced the degradation rate and cell adhesion. The samples did not show a significant difference in toxicity with increasing cross linker and silk fibroin ratio. In general, samples with a low silk fibroin ratio combined with cross linker can provide desirable properties as a membrane for corneal wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahareh Pourjabbar
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in MedicineShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Esmaeil Biazar
- Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tonekabon BranchIslamic Azad UniversityTonekabonIran
| | - Saeed Heidari Keshel
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in MedicineShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran,Medical Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering Research CenterShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Alireza Baradaran‐Rafii
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Labbafinejad Medical CenterShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
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8
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Alginate-Based Composites for Corneal Regeneration: The Optimization of a Biomaterial to Overcome Its Limits. Gels 2022; 8:gels8070431. [PMID: 35877516 PMCID: PMC9316786 DOI: 10.3390/gels8070431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
For many years, corneal transplantation has been the first-choice treatment for irreversible damage affecting the anterior part of the eye. However, the low number of cornea donors and cases of graft rejection highlighted the need to replace donor corneas with new biomaterials. Tissue engineering plays a fundamental role in achieving this goal through challenging research into a construct that must reflect all the properties of the cornea that are essential to ensure correct vision. In this review, the anatomy and physiology of the cornea are described to point out the main roles of the corneal layers to be compensated and all the requirements expected from the material to be manufactured. Then, a deep investigation of alginate as a suitable alternative to donor tissue was conducted. Thanks to its adaptability, transparency and low immunogenicity, alginate has emerged as a promising candidate for the realization of bioengineered materials for corneal regeneration. Chemical modifications and the blending of alginate with other functional compounds allow the control of its mechanical, degradation and cell-proliferation features, enabling it to go beyond its limits, improving its functionality in the field of corneal tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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9
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Naskar D, Sapru S, Ghosh AK, Reis RL, Dey T, Kundu SC. Nonmulberry silk proteins: multipurpose ingredient in bio-functional assembly. Biomed Mater 2021; 16. [PMID: 34428758 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ac20a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The emerging field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicines utilising artificial polymers is facing many problems. Despite having mechanical stability, non-toxicity and biodegradability, most of them lack cytocompatibility and biocompatibility. Natural polymers (such as collagen, hyaluronic acid, fibrin, fibroin, and others), including blends, are introduced to the field to solve some of the relevant issues. Another natural biopolymer: silkworm silk gained special attention primarily due to its specific biophysical, biochemical, and material properties, worldwide availability, and cost-effectiveness. Silk proteins, namely fibroin and sericin extracted from domesticated mulberry silkwormBombyx mori, are studied extensively in the last few decades for tissue engineering. Wild nonmulberry silkworm species, originated from India and other parts of the world, also produce silk proteins with variations in their nature and properties. Among the nonmulberry silkworm species,Antheraea mylitta(Indian Tropical Tasar),A. assamensis/A. assama(Indian Muga), andSamia ricini/Philosamia ricini(Indian Eri), along withA. pernyi(Chinese temperate Oak Tasar/Tussah) andA. yamamai(Japanese Oak Tasar) exhibit inherent tripeptide motifs of arginyl glycyl aspartic acid in their fibroin amino acid sequences, which support their candidacy as the potential biomaterials. Similarly, sericin isolated from such wild species delivers unique properties and is used as anti-apoptotic and growth-inducing factors in regenerative medicines. Other characteristics such as biodegradability, biocompatibility, and non-inflammatory nature make it suitable for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine based applications. A diverse range of matrices, including but not limited to nano-micro scale structures, nanofibres, thin films, hydrogels, and porous scaffolds, are prepared from the silk proteins (fibroins and sericins) for biomedical and tissue engineering research. This review aims to represent the progress made in medical and non-medical applications in the last couple of years and depict the present status of the investigations on Indian nonmulberry silk-based matrices as a particular reference due to its remarkable potentiality of regeneration of different types of tissues. It also discusses the future perspective in tissue engineering and regenerative medicines in the context of developing cutting-edge techniques such as 3D printing/bioprinting, microfluidics, organ-on-a-chip, and other electronics, optical and thermal property-based applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deboki Naskar
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India.,Present address: Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY, United Kingdom
| | - Sunaina Sapru
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India.,Present address: Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, IL, Israel
| | - Ananta K Ghosh
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Rui L Reis
- 3Bs Research Group, I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark-4805-017 Barco, Guimaraes, Portugal
| | - Tuli Dey
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India
| | - Subhas C Kundu
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India.,3Bs Research Group, I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark-4805-017 Barco, Guimaraes, Portugal
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10
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Ebhodaghe SO. Natural Polymeric Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering Applications. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2021; 32:2144-2194. [PMID: 34328068 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2021.1958185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Natural polymeric scaffolds can be used for tissue engineering applications such as cell delivery and cell-free supporting of native tissues. This is because of their desirable properties such as; high biocompatibility, tunable mechanical strength and conductivity, large surface area, porous- and extracellular matrix (ECM)-mimicked structures. Specifically, their less toxicity and biocompatibility makes them suitable for several tissue engineering applications. For these reasons, several biopolymeric scaffolds are currently being explored for numerous tissue engineering applications. To date, research on the nature, chemistry, and properties of nanocomposite biopolymers are been reported, while the need for a comprehensive research note on more tissue engineering application of these biopolymers remains. As a result, this present study comprehensively reviews the development of common natural biopolymers as scaffolds for tissue engineering applications such as cartilage tissue engineering, cornea repairs, osteochondral defect repairs, and nerve regeneration. More so, the implications of research findings for further studies are presented, while the impact of research advances on future research and other specific recommendations are added as well.
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11
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Sahi AK, Varshney N, Poddar S, Gundu S, Mahto SK. Fabrication and Characterization of Silk Fibroin-Based Nanofibrous Scaffolds Supplemented with Gelatin for Corneal Tissue Engineering. Cells Tissues Organs 2021; 210:173-194. [PMID: 34252899 DOI: 10.1159/000515946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering is a promising approach to overcome the severe worldwide shortage of healthy donor corneas. In this work, we have developed a silk-gelatin composite scaffold using electrospinning and permeation techniques to achieve the properties comparable to cornea analog. In particular, we present the fabrication and comparative evaluation of the novel gelatin sheets consisting of silk fibroin nanofibers, which are prepared using silk fibroin (SF) (in formic acid) and SF (in aqueous) electrospun scaffolds, for its suitability as corneal stromal analogs. All the fabricated samples were treated with ethanol vapor (T) to physically crosslink the silk nanofibers. Micro/nano-scale features of the fabricated scaffolds were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy micrographs. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed characteristic peaks of polymeric functional groups and modifications upon ethanol vapor treatment. Transparency of the scaffolds was determined using UV-visible spectra. Among all the fabricated samples, the gelatin-permeated SF (in formic acid; T) scaffold showed the highest level of transparency, i.e., 77.75 ± 2.3%, which is similar to that of the native cornea (∼70%-90% [variable with age group]) with healthy acute vision. Contact angle of the samples was studied to estimate the hydrophilicity of the scaffolds. All the scaffolds except non-treated SF (in aqueous; NT) were found to be significantly stable up to 14 days when incubated in phosphate buffered saline at 37°C. Treated samples showed significantly better stability, both physically and microscopically, in comparison to nontreated samples. Proliferation and viability assays of rabbit corneal fibroblast cells (SIRC) and mouse fibroblast cells (L929 RFP) when cultured on fabricated scaffolds revealed remarkable cellular compatibility with gelatin-permeated SF (in formic acid; T) scaffolds compared to SF (in aqueous; T). Unlike other reports in the existing literature, this work presents the design and development of a nanofibrous silk-gelatin composite that exhibits acceptable transparency, cellular biocompatibility, as well as improved mechanical stability comparable to that of native cornea. Therefore, we anticipate that the fabricated novel scaffold is likely to be a good candidate for corneal tissue construct. Moreover, among the fabricated scaffolds, the outcomes depict gelatin-permeated SF (in formic acid; T) composite scaffold to be a better candidate as a corneal stromal analog that carries properties of both the silk and gelatin, i.e., optimal transparency, better stability, and enhanced cytocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Kumar Sahi
- Tissue Engineering and Biomicrofluidics Laboratory, School of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, India
| | - Neelima Varshney
- Tissue Engineering and Biomicrofluidics Laboratory, School of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, India
| | - Suruchi Poddar
- Tissue Engineering and Biomicrofluidics Laboratory, School of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, India
| | - Shravanya Gundu
- Tissue Engineering and Biomicrofluidics Laboratory, School of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, India
| | - Sanjeev Kumar Mahto
- Tissue Engineering and Biomicrofluidics Laboratory, School of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, India.,Centre for Advanced Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, India
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12
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Alam K, Raviraj VS, Chowdhury T, Bhuimali A, Ghosh P, Saha S. Application of biotechnology in sericulture: Progress, scope and prospect. THE NUCLEUS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13237-021-00355-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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13
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Pourjabbar B, Biazar E, Heidari Keshel S, Ahani-Nahayati M, Baradaran-Rafii A, Roozafzoon R, Alemzadeh-Ansari MH. Bio-polymeric hydrogels for regeneration of corneal epithelial tissue*. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2021.1909586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bahareh Pourjabbar
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Esmaeil Biazar
- Tissue Engineering group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran
| | - Saeed Heidari Keshel
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Milad Ahani-Nahayati
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Reza Roozafzoon
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, School of Paramedicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hasan Alemzadeh-Ansari
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Labbafinejad Medical Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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14
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Li F, Wang X, Chen L, Li Z, Zhang T, Wang T. Efficient development of silk fibroin membranes on liquid surface for potential use in biomedical materials. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 182:237-243. [PMID: 33836192 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Silk fibroin (SF) protein is versatile for the application of biomaterials due to its excellent mechanical properties, biocompatibility and biodegradability. However, the efficient way to fabricate SF membranes with special structure is still challenging. Here, we develop an efficient and simple way to create SF membranes on the liquid (i.e. subphase) surface. It is essential to prepare highly concentrated SF solution with low surface tension by dissolving the degummed SF powders in 6% (w/v) LiBr/methanol solution by one step. 95 wt% polyethylene glycol (PEG) 200 and 30 wt% (NH4)2SO4 are the subphases, on which the SF solution spreads quickly, generating nonporous and microporous SF membranes (SFM-1 and SFM-2), respectively. PEG 200 causes more ordered molecular packing (β-sheets) in SFM-1. While Fast diffusion and denaturation of SF on (NH4)2SO4 solution lead to the formation of microporous, water-unstable membrane SFM-2. Both membranes have good transparency, hydrophilicty, and mechanical properties. To fabricate antibacterial biomaterials, we design a composite membrane by SFM-1 and SFM-2 sandwiching a layer of hydroxypropyl trimethylammonium chloride chitosan (HACC) to provide antibacterial functions. The sandwich membrane has good cell viability and antibacterial properties, showing potential use for biomedical materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Biomaterial Fiber and Modern Textile, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Biomaterial Fiber and Modern Textile, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Lei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Biomaterial Fiber and Modern Textile, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; SKL of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Zhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Biomaterial Fiber and Modern Textile, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Tonghua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Biomaterial Fiber and Modern Textile, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Biomaterial Fiber and Modern Textile, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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15
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Antheraea mylitta Silk Films Support Corneal Re-epithelialisation as Inlay Grafts in Large-Sized Corneal Defect. REGENERATIVE ENGINEERING AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40883-020-00159-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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16
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Nosrati H, Abpeikar Z, Mahmoudian ZG, Zafari M, Majidi J, Alizadeh A, Moradi L, Asadpour S. Corneal epithelium tissue engineering: recent advances in regeneration and replacement of corneal surface. Regen Med 2020; 15:2029-2044. [PMID: 33169642 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2019-0055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, many corneal diseases are treated by corneal transplantation, artificial corneal implantation or, in severe cases, keratoprosthesis. Owing to the shortage of cornea donors and the risks involved with artificial corneal implants, such as infection transmission, researchers continually seek new approaches for corneal regeneration. Corneal tissue engineering is a promising approach that has attracted much attention from researchers and is focused on regenerative strategies using various biomaterials in combination with different cell types. These constructs should have the ability to mimic the native tissue microenvironment and present suitable optical, mechanical and biological properties. In this article, we review studies that have focused on the current clinical techniques for corneal replacement. We also describe tissue-engineering and cell-based approaches for corneal regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Nosrati
- Department of Tissue Engineering & Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Zahra Abpeikar
- Department of Tissue Engineering & Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Zahra Gholami Mahmoudian
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Medical School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mahdi Zafari
- Department of Bacteriology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jafar Majidi
- Cellular & Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Science Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Akram Alizadeh
- Department of Tissue Engineering & Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Lida Moradi
- The Ronald O Perelman Department of Dermatology, New York University, School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, New York University, School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016 USA
| | - Shiva Asadpour
- Department of Tissue Engineering & Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.,Cellular & Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Science Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
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17
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Comparative behaviour of electrospun nanofibers fabricated from acid and alkaline hydrolysed gelatin: towards corneal tissue engineering. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-020-02307-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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18
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Mahdavi SS, Abdekhodaie MJ, Mashayekhan S, Baradaran-Rafii A, Djalilian AR. Bioengineering Approaches for Corneal Regenerative Medicine. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2020; 17:567-593. [PMID: 32696417 PMCID: PMC7373337 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-020-00262-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since the cornea is responsible for transmitting and focusing light into the eye, injury or pathology affecting any layer of the cornea can cause a detrimental effect on visual acuity. Aging is also a reason for corneal degeneration. Depending on the level of the injury, conservative therapies and donor tissue transplantation are the most common treatments for corneal diseases. Not only is there a lack of donor tissue and risk of infection/rejection, but the inherent ability of corneal cells and layers to regenerate has led to research in regenerative approaches and treatments. METHODS In this review, we first discussed the anatomy of the cornea and the required properties for reconstructing layers of the cornea. Regenerative approaches are divided into two main categories; using direct cell/growth factor delivery or using scaffold-based cell delivery. It is expected delivered cells migrate and integrate into the host tissue and restore its structure and function to restore vision. Growth factor delivery also has shown promising results for corneal surface regeneration. Scaffold-based approaches are categorized based on the type of scaffold, since it has a significant impact on the efficiency of regeneration, into the hydrogel and non-hydrogel based scaffolds. Various types of cells, biomaterials, and techniques are well covered. RESULTS The most important characteristics to be considered for biomaterials in corneal regeneration are suitable mechanical properties, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and transparency. Moreover, a curved shape structure and spatial arrangement of the fibrils have been shown to mimic the corneal extracellular matrix for cells and enhance cell differentiation. CONCLUSION Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine approaches showed to have promising outcomes for corneal regeneration. However, besides proper mechanical and optical properties, other factors such as appropriate sterilization method, storage, shelf life and etc. should be taken into account in order to develop an engineered cornea for clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sharareh Mahdavi
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, 1393 Azadi Ave., Tehran, 11365-11155, Iran
| | - Mohammad J Abdekhodaie
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, 1393 Azadi Ave., Tehran, 11365-11155, Iran.
| | - Shohreh Mashayekhan
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, 1393 Azadi Ave., Tehran, 11365-11155, Iran
| | - Alireza Baradaran-Rafii
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, SBUMS, Arabi Ave, Daneshjoo Blvd, Velenjak, Tehran, 19839-63113, Iran
| | - Ali R Djalilian
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1200 W Harrison St, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
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19
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Madden PW, Klyubin I, Ahearne MJ. Silk fibroin safety in the eye: a review that highlights a concern. BMJ Open Ophthalmol 2020; 5:e000510. [PMID: 33024827 PMCID: PMC7513638 DOI: 10.1136/bmjophth-2020-000510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The biomedical use of silk as a suture dates back to antiquity. Fibroin is the structural element that determines the strength of silk and here we consider the safety of fibroin in its role in ophthalmology. The high mechanical strength of silk meant sufficiently thin threads could be made for eye microsurgery, but such usage was all but superseded by synthetic polymer sutures, primarily because silk in its entirety was more inflammatory. Significant immunological response can normally be avoided by careful manufacturing to provide high purity fibroin, and it has been utilised in this form for tissue engineering an array of fibre and film substrata deployed in research with cells of the eye. Films of fibroin can also be made transparent, which is a required property in the visual pathway. Transparent layers of corneal epithelial, stromal and endothelial cells have all been demonstrated with maintenance of phenotype, as have constructs supporting retinal cells. Fibroin has a lack of demonstrable infectious agent transfer, an ability to be sterilised and prepared with minimal contamination, long-term predictable degradation and low direct cytotoxicity. However, there remains a known ability to be involved in amyloid formation and potential amyloidosis which, without further examination, is enough to currently question whether fibroin should be employed in the eye given its innervation into the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter W Madden
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, the University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Mechanical, Manufacturing and Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, the University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Igor Klyubin
- Department of Pharmacology Therapeutics, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, the University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, the University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mark J Ahearne
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, the University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Mechanical, Manufacturing and Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, the University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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20
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Lau K, Akhavan B, Lord MS, Bilek MM, Rnjak-Kovacina J. Dry Surface Treatments of Silk Biomaterials and Their Utility in Biomedical Applications. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:5431-5452. [PMID: 33320554 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c00888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Silk-based materials are widely used in biomaterial and tissue engineering applications due to their cytocompatibility and tunable mechanical and biodegradation properties. Aqueous-based processing techniques have enabled the fabrication of silk into a broad range of material formats, making it a highly versatile material platform across multiple industries. Utilizing the full potential of silk in biomedical applications frequently requires modification of silk's surface properties. Dry surface modification techniques, including irradiation and plasma treatment, offer an alternative to the conventional wet chemistry strategies to modify the physical and chemical properties of silk materials without compromising their bulk properties. While dry surface modification techniques are more prevalent in textiles and sterilization applications, the range of modifications available and resultant changes to silk materials all point to the utility of dry surface modification for the development of new, functional silk biomaterials. Dry surface treatment affects the surface chemistry, secondary structure, molecular weight, topography, surface energy, and mechanical properties of silk materials. This Review describes and critically evaluates the effect of physical dry surface modification techniques, including irradiation and plasma processes, on silk materials and discusses their utility in biomedical applications, including recent examples of modulation of cell/protein interactions on silk biomaterials, in vivo performance of implanted biomaterials, and applications in material biofunctionalization and lithographic surface patterning approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kieran Lau
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Behnam Akhavan
- School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.,School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.,University of Sydney Nano Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Megan S Lord
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Marcela M Bilek
- School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.,School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.,University of Sydney Nano Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney NSW 2006, Australia.,Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Jelena Rnjak-Kovacina
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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21
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Shiju TM, Carlos de Oliveira R, Wilson SE. 3D in vitro corneal models: A review of current technologies. Exp Eye Res 2020; 200:108213. [PMID: 32890484 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2020.108213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) in vitro models are excellent tools for studying complex biological systems because of their physiological similarity to in vivo studies, cost-effectiveness and decreased reliance on animals. The influence of tissue microenvironment on the cells, cell-cell interaction and the cell-matrix interactions can be elucidated in 3D models, which are difficult to mimic in 2D cultures. In order to develop a 3D model, the required cell types are derived from the tissues or stem cells. A 3D tissue/organ model typically includes all the relevant cell types and the microenvironment corresponding to that tissue/organ. For instance, a full corneal 3D model is expected to have epithelial, stromal, endothelial and nerve cells, along with the extracellular matrix and membrane components associated with the cells. Although it is challenging to develop a corneal 3D model, several attempts have been made and various technologies established which closely mimic the in vivo environment. In this review, three major technologies are highlighted: organotypic cultures, organoids and 3D bioprinting. Also, several combinations of organotypic cultures, such as the epithelium and stroma or endothelium and neural cultures are discussed, along with the disease relevance and potential applications of these models. In the future, new biomaterials will likely promote better cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions in organotypic corneal cultures.
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22
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Kianersi S, Varjani AAA, Solouk A, Ai J, Lee BP. Mussel-inspired polydopamine-coated silk fibroin as a promising biomaterial. BIOINSPIRED BIOMIMETIC AND NANOBIOMATERIALS 2020. [DOI: 10.1680/jbibn.19.00045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Silk fibroin (SF) is one of the natural biomaterials with promising and growing potential in different clinical applications such as corneal transplantation, donor site skin substitute and tympanic membrane. Some of the SFs that are extracted from mulberry silkworm do not have the arginyl–glycyl–aspartic acid (RGD) sequence for properly supporting cell adhesion and proliferation. Therefore, in the current study, polydopamine (PDA)-coated SFs were prepared to provide an RGD sequence, and the effect of PDA coating on different properties of SF was investigated. The results are also compared with those of an amniotic membrane (AM) that is a commercially available natural biomaterial for the mentioned applications. The Raman spectra showed characteristic peaks at 1581 and 1370 cm−1, which demonstrate the formation of the coating layer on the surface of the films. The results showed that coating led to no significant difference in surface hydrophilicity; a smoother surface; and improved cell attachment and distribution; and a little decrease in membrane transparency, but the membrane still being transparent enough to provide vivid vision through it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sogol Kianersi
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Atefeh Solouk
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran
| | - Jafar Ai
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bruce P Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, USA
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23
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Griffith M, Poudel BK, Malhotra K, Akla N, González-Andrades M, Courtman D, Hu V, Alarcon EI. Biosynthetic alternatives for corneal transplant surgery. EXPERT REVIEW OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/17469899.2020.1754798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- May Griffith
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Montreal and Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Bijay Kumar Poudel
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Montreal and Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Kamal Malhotra
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Montreal and Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Naoufal Akla
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Montreal and Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Miguel González-Andrades
- Department of Ophthalmology, Reina Sofia University Hospital and University of Cordoba, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain
| | - David Courtman
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Scientist, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Victor Hu
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, International Center for Eye Health, London, UK
| | - Emilio I. Alarcon
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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24
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Ramachandran C, Gupta P, Hazra S, Mandal BB. In Vitro Culture of Human Corneal Endothelium on Non-Mulberry Silk Fibroin Films for Tissue Regeneration. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2020; 9:12. [PMID: 32818099 PMCID: PMC7396167 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.9.4.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to determine if non-mulberry varieties of silk are suitable for the culture of corneal endothelium (CE). Methods Aqueous silk fibroin derived from Philosamia ricini (PR), Antheraea assamensis (AA), and Bombyx mori (BM) were cast as approximately 15 µm films with and without pores on which human CE cells were cultured. Tensile strength, elasticity, transmittance in visible range, and degradation properties of the films were characterised. Adhesion of CE to the silk films was quantified using MTT assay in addition to quantifying the number and area of focal adhesions using paxillin. Expression of CE markers was determined at the gene and protein levels using PCR and immunostaining, respectively. Barrier integrity of the cultured cells was measured as permeability to FITC dextran (10 kDa) in the presence or absence of thrombin. Results The films exhibited robust tensile strength, >95% transmittance and a refractive index comparable to the native cornea. BM degraded significantly faster when compared to PR and AA. A comparison between the three varieties of silk showed that significantly more cells were adhered to PR and AA than to BM. This was also reflected in the expression of stable focal adhesions on PR and AA, thus enabling the formation of intact monolayers of cells on these varieties unlike on BM. Treatment with thrombin significantly increased cellular permeability to dextran. Conclusions Our data shows that PR and AA varieties sufficiently support the growth and function of CE cells. This could be attributed to the presence of natural cell binding motifs (RGD) in these varieties. Translational Relevance Development of a suitable carrier for engineering the CE to address a major clinical requirement of healthy donor tissues for transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charanya Ramachandran
- Prof. Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Prerak Gupta
- Biomaterial and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Swatilekha Hazra
- Prof. Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.,Manipal University, Manipal, India
| | - Biman B Mandal
- Biomaterial and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India.,Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
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25
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Wang Y, Zheng Z, Cheng Q, Kaplan DL, Li G, Wang X. Ductility and Porosity of Silk Fibroin Films by Blending with Glycerol/Polyethylene Glycol and Adjusting the Drying Temperature. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:1176-1185. [PMID: 33464844 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b01567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Ductility and porosity of biofunctional films (BFFs) are critical properties for mechanical compliance and intercellular communication in tissue engineering. However, it remains a significant challenge to integrate these two key properties into BFFs. Herein, silk fibroin (SF) films with tunable ductility and porosity were prepared by adjusting the protein self-assembly process through combinations with glycerol (Gly) and polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400) and regulating the film-casting temperature. Typically, among various conditions screened, the BFFs with a mass ratio of SF/PEG400/Gly of 10:5:3 (SPG1053) prepared at 4 °C exhibited remarkable ductility with a tensile strength of 2.7 ± 0.2 MPa and an elongation at break of 164.24 ± 24.20%, superior to films prepared from SF alone, SF/Gly, or SF/PEG400, demonstrating a synergistic plasticizing effect. Furthermore, the SPG1053 films prepared at 4 °C had a permeation efficiency of 56.32 ± 0.85% for fluorescently labeled dextran (dextran-TMR, MW: 10 kDa) after 204 h, significantly higher than films prepared at 20 °C (34.67 ± 3.63%) and 60 °C (15.4 ± 1.16%). Finally, the ductile and porous SPG1053 had excellent cell compatibility with human fibroblasts (Hs 865.SK). Given the demonstrated ductility, molecule-sieving property, and cytocompatibility, these new SPG films should offer new options for cell culture and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfeng Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P.R. China
| | - Zhaozhu Zheng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P.R. China
| | - Qingqing Cheng
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, P.R. China
| | - David L Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Gang Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqin Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P.R. China
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26
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Suzuki S, Shadforth AM, McLenachan S, Zhang D, Chen SC, Walshe J, Lidgerwood GE, Pébay A, Chirila TV, Chen FK, Harkin DG. Optimization of silk fibroin membranes for retinal implantation. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 105:110131. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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27
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Cubayachi C, Lemos CN, Pereira F, Dias K, Herculano RD, de Freitas O, Lopez RF. Silk fibroin films stabilizes and releases bioactive insulin for the treatment of corneal wounds. Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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28
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Galloway CA, Dalvi S, Shadforth AMA, Suzuki S, Wilson M, Kuai D, Hashim A, MacDonald LA, Gamm DM, Harkin DG, Singh R. Characterization of Human iPSC-RPE on a Prosthetic Bruch's Membrane Manufactured From Silk Fibroin. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2019; 59:2792-2800. [PMID: 30025113 PMCID: PMC5989661 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.17-23157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose RPE cell transplantation as a potential treatment for AMD has been extensively investigated; however, in AMD, ultrastructural damage affects both the RPE and its underlying matrix support, the Bruch's membrane (BrM). An RPE monolayer supported by a surrogate scaffold could thus provide a more effective approach to cell-based therapy for AMD. Toward this goal, we aimed to establish a functional human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived (hiPSC)-RPE monolayer on a Bombyx mori silk fibroin (BMSF) scaffold. Methods RPE differentiated from five distinct hiPSC lines were cultured on BMSF membrane coated with extracellular matrix (ECM, COL1), and either regular tissue culture plastic or Transwell coated with ECM (LAM-TCP). Morphologic, gene and protein expression, and functional characteristics of the hiPSC-RPE cultured on different membranes were compared in longitudinal experiments spanning 1 day to ≥3 months. Results The hiPSC-RPE monolayers on ECM-coated BMSF and TCP could be maintained in culture for ≥3 months and displayed RPE-characteristic morphology, pigmentation, polarity, and expression of RPE signature genes and proteins. Furthermore, hiPSC-RPE on both ECM-coated BMSF and TCP displayed robust expression and secretion of several basement membrane proteins. Importantly, hiPSC-RPE cells on COL1-BMSF and LAM-TCP showed similar efficacy in the phagocytosis and degradation of photoreceptor outer segments. Conclusions A biomaterial scaffold manufactured from silk fibroin supports the maturation and long-term survival of a functional hiPSC-RPE monolayer. This has significant implications for both in vitro disease modeling and in vivo cell replacement therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chad A Galloway
- Department of Ophthalmology (Flaum Eye Institute), University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States.,Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States
| | - Sonal Dalvi
- Department of Ophthalmology (Flaum Eye Institute), University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States.,Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States
| | - Audra M A Shadforth
- Queensland Eye Institute, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
| | - Shuko Suzuki
- Queensland Eye Institute, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Molly Wilson
- Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - David Kuai
- Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Ali Hashim
- Department of Ophthalmology (Flaum Eye Institute), University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States.,Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States
| | - Leslie A MacDonald
- Department of Ophthalmology (Flaum Eye Institute), University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States.,Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States
| | - David M Gamm
- Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States.,Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States.,McPherson Eye Research Institute, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Damien G Harkin
- Queensland Eye Institute, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ruchira Singh
- Department of Ophthalmology (Flaum Eye Institute), University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States.,Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States.,Center for Visual Science, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States.,Univeristy of Rochester Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Rochester, New York, United States
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Holland C, Numata K, Rnjak‐Kovacina J, Seib FP. The Biomedical Use of Silk: Past, Present, Future. Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1800465. [PMID: 30238637 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201800465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 371] [Impact Index Per Article: 74.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Revised: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Humans have long appreciated silk for its lustrous appeal and remarkable physical properties, yet as the mysteries of silk are unraveled, it becomes clear that this outstanding biopolymer is more than a high-tech fiber. This progress report provides a critical but detailed insight into the biomedical use of silk. This journey begins with a historical perspective of silk and its uses, including the long-standing desire to reverse engineer silk. Selected silk structure-function relationships are then examined to appreciate past and current silk challenges. From this, biocompatibility and biodegradation are reviewed with a specific focus of silk performance in humans. The current clinical uses of silk (e.g., sutures, surgical meshes, and fabrics) are discussed, as well as clinical trials (e.g., wound healing, tissue engineering) and emerging biomedical applications of silk across selected formats, such as silk solution, films, scaffolds, electrospun materials, hydrogels, and particles. The journey finishes with a look at the roadmap of next-generation recombinant silks, especially the development pipeline of this new industry for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Holland
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering The University of Sheffield Sir Robert Hadfield Building, Mappin Street Sheffield South Yorkshire S1 3JD UK
| | - Keiji Numata
- Biomacromolecules Research Team RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science 2‐1 Hirosawa Wako Saitama 351‐0198 Japan
| | - Jelena Rnjak‐Kovacina
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - F. Philipp Seib
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden Dresden 01069 Germany
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences University of Strathclyde Glasgow G4 0RE UK
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30
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Palchesko RN, Carrasquilla SD, Feinberg AW. Natural Biomaterials for Corneal Tissue Engineering, Repair, and Regeneration. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7:e1701434. [PMID: 29845780 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201701434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2017] [Revised: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Corneal blindness is a major cause of vision loss, estimated to affect over 10 million people worldwide. Once impaired through clouding or shape change, the best treatment option for restoring vision is corneal transplantation using full or partial thickness cadaveric grafts. However, donor corneas are globally limited and face rejection and graft failure, similar to other transplanted organs. Thus, there is a need for viable alternatives to donor corneas in order to increase supply, reduce rejection, and to minimize variability in tissue quality. To address this, researchers have developed new materials and strategies to tissue engineer full or partial thickness cornea grafts in order to repair, regenerate, or replace the diseased cornea. This progress report first reviews the anatomy and physiology of the cornea to frame the biological requirements and discuss the injuries and diseases that necessitate the need fortransplantation, as well as the requirements for a suitable donor tissue alternative. This is followed by recent progress using naturally derived biomaterials including silk, collagen, amniotic membranes, and decellularized corneas. Finally, remaining challenges in the field as they relate to the biomaterials discussed are identified, and the future research directions that should result in further advances in restoring corneal vision are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachelle N. Palchesko
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; Carnegie Mellon University; Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA
- Louis J. Fox Center for Vision Restoration; University of Pittsburgh and UPMC; Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA
| | | | - Adam W. Feinberg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; Carnegie Mellon University; Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA
- Louis J. Fox Center for Vision Restoration; University of Pittsburgh and UPMC; Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Carnegie Mellon University; Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA
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31
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Choi JH, Jeon H, Song JE, Oliveira JM, Reis RL, Khang G. Biofunctionalized Lysophosphatidic Acid/Silk Fibroin Film for Cornea Endothelial Cell Regeneration. NANOMATERIALS 2018; 8:nano8050290. [PMID: 29710848 PMCID: PMC5977304 DOI: 10.3390/nano8050290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Cornea endothelial cells (CEnCs) tissue engineering is a great challenge to repair diseased or damaged CEnCs and require an appropriate biomaterial to support cell proliferation and differentiation. Biomaterials for CEnCs tissue engineering require biocompatibility, tunable biodegradability, transparency, and suitable mechanical properties. Silk fibroin-based film (SF) is known to meet these factors, but construction of functionalized graft for bioengineering of cornea is still a challenge. Herein, lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is used to maintain and increase the specific function of CEnCs. The LPA and SF composite film (LPA/SF) was fabricated in this study. Mechanical properties and in vitro studies were performed using a rabbit model to demonstrate the characters of LPA/SF. ATR-FTIR was characterized to identify chemical composition of the films. The morphological and physical properties were performed by SEM, AFM, transparency, and contact angle. Initial cell density and MTT were performed for adhesion and cell viability in the SF and LPA/SF film. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reactions (RT-PCR) and immunofluorescence were performed to examine gene and protein expression. The results showed that films were designed appropriately for CEnCs delivery. Compared to pristine SF, LPA/SF showed higher biocompatibility, cell viability, and expression of CEnCs specific genes and proteins. These indicate that LPA/SF, a new biomaterial, offers potential benefits for CEnCs tissue engineering for regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo Hee Choi
- Department of BIN Convergence Technology, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54896, Korea.
- Department of Polymer Nano Science & Technology and Polymer BIN Research Center, Chonbuk National University, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54896, Korea.
| | - Hayan Jeon
- Department of BIN Convergence Technology, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54896, Korea.
- Department of Polymer Nano Science & Technology and Polymer BIN Research Center, Chonbuk National University, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54896, Korea.
| | - Jeong Eun Song
- Department of BIN Convergence Technology, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54896, Korea.
- Department of Polymer Nano Science & Technology and Polymer BIN Research Center, Chonbuk National University, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54896, Korea.
| | - Joaquim Miguel Oliveira
- 3B's Research Group-Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark-Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial de Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal.
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associated Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal; The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine, Headquarters at University of Minho, Avepark, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal.
| | - Rui Luis Reis
- 3B's Research Group-Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark-Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial de Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal.
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associated Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal; The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine, Headquarters at University of Minho, Avepark, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal.
| | - Gilson Khang
- Department of BIN Convergence Technology, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54896, Korea.
- Department of Polymer Nano Science & Technology and Polymer BIN Research Center, Chonbuk National University, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54896, Korea.
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Nguyen KN, Bobba S, Richardson A, Park M, Watson SL, Wakefield D, Di Girolamo N. Native and synthetic scaffolds for limbal epithelial stem cell transplantation. Acta Biomater 2018; 65:21-35. [PMID: 29107055 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2017] [Revised: 10/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD) is a complex blinding disease of the cornea, which cannot be treated with conventional corneal transplants. Instead, a stem cell (SC) graft is required to replenish the limbal epithelial stem cell (LESC) reservoir, which is ultimately responsible for regenerating the corneal epithelium. Current therapies utilize limbal tissue biopsies that harbor LESCs as well as tissue culture expanded cells. Typically, this tissue is placed on a scaffold that supports the formation of corneal epithelial cell sheets, which are then transferred to diseased eyes. A wide range of biological and synthetic materials have been identified as carrier substrates for LESC, some of which have been used in the clinic, including amniotic membrane, fibrin, and silicon hydrogel contact lenses, each with their own advantages and limitations. This review will provide a brief background of LSCD, focusing on bio-scaffolds that have been utilized in limbal stem cell transplantation (LSCT) and materials that are being developed as potentially novel therapeutics for patients with this disease. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The outcome of patients with corneal blindness that receive stem cell grafts to restore eye health and correct vision varies considerably and may be due to the different biological and synthetic scaffolds used to deliver these cells to the ocular surface. This review will highlight the positive attributes and limitations of the myriad of carriers developed for clinical use as well as those that are being trialled in pre-clinical models. The overall focus is on developing a standardized therapy for patients, however due to the multiple causes of corneal blindness, a personal regenerative medicine approach may be the best option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim N Nguyen
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Samantha Bobba
- Prince of Wales Hospital Clinical School, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Mijeong Park
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Denis Wakefield
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Nick Di Girolamo
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
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33
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Gosselin EA, Torregrosa T, Ghezzi CE, Mendelsohn AC, Gomes R, Funderburgh JL, Kaplan DL. Multi-layered silk film coculture system for human corneal epithelial and stromal stem cells. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 12:285-295. [PMID: 28600807 DOI: 10.1002/term.2499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
With insufficient options to meet the clinical demand for cornea transplants, one emerging area of emphasis is on cornea tissue engineering. In the present study, the goal was to combine the corneal stroma and epithelium into one coculture system, to monitor both human corneal stromal stem cell (hCSSC) and human corneal epithelial cell (hCE) growth and differentiation into keratocytes and differentiated epithelium in these three-dimensional tissue systems in vitro. Coculture conditions were first optimized, including the medium, air-liquid interface culture, and surface topography and chemistry of biomaterial scaffold films based on silk protein. The silk was used as scaffolding for both stromal and epithelial tissue layers because it is cell compatible, can be surface patterned, and is optically clear. Next, the effects of proliferating and differentiating hCEs and hCSSCs were studied in this in vitro system, including the effects on cell proliferation, matrix formation by immunochemistry, and gene expression by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The incorporation of both cell types into the coculture system demonstrated more complete differentiation and growth for both cell types compared to the corneal stromal cells and corneal epithelial cells alone. Silk films for corneal epithelial culture were optimized to combine a 4.0-μm-scale surface pattern with bulk-loaded collagen type IV. Differentiation of each cell type was in evidence based on increased expression of corneal stroma and epithelial proteins and transcript levels after 6 weeks in coculture on the optimized silk scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily A Gosselin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | - Tess Torregrosa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | - Chiara E Ghezzi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | | | - Rachel Gomes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | - James L Funderburgh
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - David L Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
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34
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Raveendran S, Rochani AK, Maekawa T, Kumar DS. Smart Carriers and Nanohealers: A Nanomedical Insight on Natural Polymers. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2017; 10:E929. [PMID: 28796191 PMCID: PMC5578295 DOI: 10.3390/ma10080929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Biodegradable polymers are popularly being used in an increasing number of fields in the past few decades. The popularity and favorability of these materials are due to their remarkable properties, enabling a wide range of applications and market requirements to be met. Polymer biodegradable systems are a promising arena of research for targeted and site-specific controlled drug delivery, for developing artificial limbs, 3D porous scaffolds for cellular regeneration or tissue engineering and biosensing applications. Several natural polymers have been identified, blended, functionalized and applied for designing nanoscaffolds and drug carriers as a prerequisite for enumerable bionano technological applications. Apart from these, natural polymers have been well studied and are widely used in material science and industrial fields. The present review explains the prominent features of commonly used natural polymers (polysaccharides and proteins) in various nanomedical applications and reveals the current status of the polymer research in bionanotechnology and science sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreejith Raveendran
- Bio Nano Electronics Research Centre, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary New Science, Toyo University, Saitama 350-8585, Japan.
| | - Ankit K Rochani
- Bio Nano Electronics Research Centre, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary New Science, Toyo University, Saitama 350-8585, Japan.
| | - Toru Maekawa
- Bio Nano Electronics Research Centre, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary New Science, Toyo University, Saitama 350-8585, Japan.
| | - D Sakthi Kumar
- Bio Nano Electronics Research Centre, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary New Science, Toyo University, Saitama 350-8585, Japan.
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36
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Bagrov D, Zhuikov V, Chudinova Y, Yarisheva A, Kotlyarova M, Arkhipova A, Khaydapova D, Moisenovich M, Shaitan K. Mechanical properties of films and three-dimensional scaffolds made of fibroin and gelatin. Biophysics (Nagoya-shi) 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006350917010031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Zhang W, Chen J, Backman LJ, Malm AD, Danielson P. Surface Topography and Mechanical Strain Promote Keratocyte Phenotype and Extracellular Matrix Formation in a Biomimetic 3D Corneal Model. Adv Healthc Mater 2017; 6. [PMID: 28026154 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201601238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Revised: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The optimal functionality of the native corneal stroma is mainly dependent on the well-ordered arrangement of extracellular matrix (ECM) and the pressurized structure. In order to develop an in vitro corneal model, it is crucial to mimic the in vivo microenvironment of the cornea. In this study, the influence of surface topography and mechanical strain on keratocyte phenotype and ECM formation within a biomimetic 3D corneal model is studied. By modifying the surface topography of materials, it is found that patterned silk fibroin film with 600 grooves mm-1 optimally supports cell alignment and ECM arrangement. Furthermore, treatment with 3% dome-shaped mechanical strain, which resembles the shape and mechanics of native cornea, significantly enhances the expression of keratocyte markers as compared to flat-shaped strain. Accordingly, a biomimetic 3D corneal model, in the form of a collagen-modified, silk fibroin-patterned construct subjected to 3% dome-shaped strain, is created. Compared to traditional 2D cultures, it supports a significantly higher expression of keratocyte and ECM markers, and in conclusion better maintains keratocyte phenotype, alignment, and fusiform cell shape. Therefore, the novel biomimetic 3D corneal model developed in this study serves as a useful in vitro 3D culture model to improve current 2D cultures for corneal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Anatomy; Umeå University; Umeå 90187 Sweden
| | - Jialin Chen
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Anatomy; Umeå University; Umeå 90187 Sweden
| | - Ludvig J. Backman
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Anatomy; Umeå University; Umeå 90187 Sweden
| | - Adam D. Malm
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Anatomy; Umeå University; Umeå 90187 Sweden
| | - Patrik Danielson
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Anatomy; Umeå University; Umeå 90187 Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Ophthalmology; Umeå University; Umeå 90187 Sweden
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38
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Antibiotic free selection for the high level biosynthesis of a silk-elastin-like protein. Sci Rep 2016; 6:39329. [PMID: 27982135 PMCID: PMC5159808 DOI: 10.1038/srep39329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Silk-elastin-like proteins (SELPs) are a family of genetically engineered recombinant protein polymers exhibiting mechanical and biological properties suited for a wide range of applications in the biomedicine and materials fields. They are being explored as the next generation of biomaterials but low productivities and use of antibiotics during production undermine their economic viability and safety. We have developed an industrially relevant, scalable, fed-batch process for the high level production of a novel SELP in E. coli in which the commonly used antibiotic selection marker of the expression vector is exchanged for a post segregational suicide system, the separate-component-stabilisation system (SCS). SCS significantly augments SELP productivity but also enhances the product safety profile and reduces process costs by eliminating the use of antibiotics. Plasmid content increased following induction but no significant differences in plasmid levels were discerned when using SCS or the antibiotic selection markers under the controlled fed-batch conditions employed. It is suggested that the absence of competing plasmid-free cells improves host cell viability and enables increased productivity with SCS. With the process developed, 12.8 g L−1 purified SELP was obtained, this is the highest SELP productivity reported to date and clearly demonstrates the commercial viability of these promising polymers.
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Yin H, Qiu P, Wu F, Zhang W, Teng W, Qin Z, Li C, Zhou J, Fang Z, Tang Q, Fu Q, Ma J, Yang Y. Construction of a Corneal Stromal Equivalent with SMILE-Derived Lenticules and Fibrin Glue. Sci Rep 2016; 6:33848. [PMID: 27651001 PMCID: PMC5030613 DOI: 10.1038/srep33848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The scarcity of corneal tissue to treat deep corneal defects and corneal perforations remains a challenge. Currently, small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE)-derived lenticules appear to be a promising alternative for the treatment of these conditions. However, the thickness and toughness of a single piece of lenticule are limited. To overcome these limitations, we constructed a corneal stromal equivalent with SMILE-derived lenticules and fibrin glue. In vitro cell culture revealed that the corneal stromal equivalent could provide a suitable scaffold for the survival and proliferation of corneal epithelial cells, which formed a continuous pluristratified epithelium with the expression of characteristic markers. Finally, anterior lamellar keratoplasty in rabbits demonstrated that the corneal stromal equivalent with decellularized lenticules and fibrin glue could repair the anterior region of the stroma, leading to re-epithelialization and recovery of both transparency and ultrastructural organization. Corneal neovascularization, graft degradation, and corneal rejection were not observed within 3 months. Taken together, the corneal stromal equivalent with SMILE-derived lenticules and fibrin glue appears to be a safe and effective alternative for the repair of damage to the anterior cornea, which may provide new avenues in the treatment of deep corneal defects or corneal perforations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houfa Yin
- Eye Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peijin Qiu
- Eye Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fang Wu
- Eye Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenqi Teng
- Eye Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhenwei Qin
- Eye Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiaojie Zhou
- Eye Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhi Fang
- Eye Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiaomei Tang
- Eye Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiuli Fu
- Eye Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Ma
- Eye Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yabo Yang
- Eye Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Jao D, Mou X, Hu X. Tissue Regeneration: A Silk Road. J Funct Biomater 2016; 7:E22. [PMID: 27527229 PMCID: PMC5040995 DOI: 10.3390/jfb7030022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Revised: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Silk proteins are natural biopolymers that have extensive structural possibilities for chemical and mechanical modifications to facilitate novel properties, functions, and applications in the biomedical field. The versatile processability of silk fibroins (SF) into different forms such as gels, films, foams, membranes, scaffolds, and nanofibers makes it appealing in a variety of applications that require mechanically superior, biocompatible, biodegradable, and functionalizable biomaterials. There is no doubt that nature is the world's best biological engineer, with simple, exquisite but powerful designs that have inspired novel technologies. By understanding the surface interaction of silk materials with living cells, unique characteristics can be implemented through structural modifications, such as controllable wettability, high-strength adhesiveness, and reflectivity properties, suggesting its potential suitability for surgical, optical, and other biomedical applications. All of the interesting features of SF, such as tunable biodegradation, anti-bacterial properties, and mechanical properties combined with potential self-healing modifications, make it ideal for future tissue engineering applications. In this review, we first demonstrate the current understanding of the structures and mechanical properties of SF and the various functionalizations of SF matrices through chemical and physical manipulations. Then the diverse applications of SF architectures and scaffolds for different regenerative medicine will be discussed in detail, including their current applications in bone, eye, nerve, skin, tendon, ligament, and cartilage regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dave Jao
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA.
| | - Xiaoyang Mou
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA.
| | - Xiao Hu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA.
- Department of Biomedical and Translational Sciences, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA.
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