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Song Y, Yin D, Zhang Z, Chi L. Research progress of treatment of functional dyspepsia with traditional Chinese medicine compound based on cell signal pathway. Front Pharmacol 2023; 13:1089231. [PMID: 36699059 PMCID: PMC9868459 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1089231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Functional dyspepsia (FD) is the most common clinical gastrointestinal disease, with complex and prolonged clinical symptoms. The prevalence of FD is increasing year by year, seriously affecting the quality of life of patients. The main causes of FD are related to abnormal gastrointestinal dynamics, increased visceral sensitivity, Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection, intestinal flora disturbance and psychological factors. A review of the relevant literature reveals that the mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the treatment of FD mainly involve the following pathways:5-HT signal pathway, AMPK signal pathway,C-kit signal pathway, CRF signal pathway, PERK signal pathway,NF-κB signal pathway. Based on a holistic concept, TCM promotes gastrointestinal motility, regulates visceral sensitivity and alleviates gastrointestinal inflammation through multiple signal pathways, reflecting the advantages of multi-level, multi-pathway and multi-targeted treatment of FD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujiao Song
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China,*Correspondence: Yujiao Song, ; Defei Yin, ; Zhenyi Zhang, ; Lili Chi,
| | - Defei Yin
- Digestive System Department II, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China,*Correspondence: Yujiao Song, ; Defei Yin, ; Zhenyi Zhang, ; Lili Chi,
| | - Zhenyi Zhang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China,*Correspondence: Yujiao Song, ; Defei Yin, ; Zhenyi Zhang, ; Lili Chi,
| | - Lili Chi
- Digestive System Department II, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China,*Correspondence: Yujiao Song, ; Defei Yin, ; Zhenyi Zhang, ; Lili Chi,
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Sleep-Disturbance-Induced Microglial Activation Involves CRH-Mediated Galectin 3 and Autophagy Dysregulation. Cells 2022; 12:cells12010160. [PMID: 36611953 PMCID: PMC9818437 DOI: 10.3390/cells12010160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic sleep disturbances (CSDs) including insomnia, insufficient sleep time, and poor sleep quality are major public health concerns around the world, especially in developed countries. CSDs are major health risk factors linked to multiple neurodegenerative and neuropsychological diseases. It has been suggested that CSDs could activate microglia (Mg) leading to increased neuroinflammation levels, which ultimately lead to neuronal dysfunction. However, the detailed mechanisms underlying CSD-mediated microglial activation remain mostly unexplored. In this study, we used mice with three-weeks of sleep fragmentation (SF) to explore the underlying pathways responsible for Mg activation. Our results revealed that SF activates Mg in the hippocampus (HP) but not in the striatum and prefrontal cortex (PFc). SF increased the levels of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) in the HP. In vitro mechanism studies revealed that CRH activation of Mg involves galectin 3 (Gal3) upregulation and autophagy dysregulation. CRH could disrupt lysosome membrane integrity resulting in lysosomal cathepsins leakage. CRHR2 blockage mitigated CRH-mediated effects on microglia in vitro. SF mice also show increased Gal3 levels and autophagy dysregulation in the HP compared to controls. Taken together, our results show that SF-mediated hippocampal Mg activation involves CRH mediated galectin 3 and autophagy dysregulation. These findings suggest that targeting the hippocampal CRH system might be a novel therapeutic approach to ameliorate CSD-mediated neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Hu Y, Deng F, Zhang L, Hu K, Liu S, Zhong S, Yang J, Zeng X, Peng X. Depression and Quality of Life in Patients with Gliomas: A Narrative Review. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11164811. [PMID: 36013047 PMCID: PMC9410515 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11164811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In patients with gliomas, depression is a common complication that may cause severe psychological barriers and deteriorate the patient’s quality of life (QoL). Currently, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) is the most commonly used tool to diagnose depression in patients with gliomas. Female sex, unmarried status, low education level, high tumor grade, and a history of mental illness may increase the risks of depression and depressive symptoms in patients with gliomas. The QoL of patients with gliomas can be directly reduced by depression. Therefore, the evaluation and intervention of mood disorders could improve the overall QoL of patients with gliomas. Antidepressant use has become a treatment strategy for patients with gliomas and comorbid depression. This narrative review summarizes the current issues related to depression in patients with gliomas, including the prevalence, risk factors, and diagnostic criteria of depression as well as changes in QoL caused by comorbid depression and antidepressant use. The purpose of this review is to guide clinicians to assess the psychological status of patients with gliomas and to provide clinicians and oncologists with a new treatment strategy to improve the prognosis of such patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Hu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, 371 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410006, China
| | - Fang Deng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, 238 Shangmayuanling Lane, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Lupeng Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jishou University School of Medicine, 120 Renmin South Road, Jishou 416000, China
| | - Keyue Hu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, 371 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410006, China
| | - Shiqi Liu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, 371 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410006, China
| | - Suye Zhong
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, 371 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410006, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, 371 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410006, China
| | - Xiaomin Zeng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, 238 Shangmayuanling Lane, Changsha 410078, China
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (X.P.)
| | - Xiaoning Peng
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, 371 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410006, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jishou University School of Medicine, 120 Renmin South Road, Jishou 416000, China
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (X.P.)
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Beliakova-Bethell N, Manousopoulou A, Deshmukh S, Mukim A, Richman DD, Garbis SD, Spina CA. Integrated proteomics and transcriptomics analyses identify novel cell surface markers of HIV latency. Virology 2022; 573:50-58. [PMID: 35714458 PMCID: PMC10427345 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2022.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Elimination of the latent HIV cell reservoir may be possible, if the molecular identity of latently infected cells were fully elucidated. We conducted comprehensive molecular profiling, at the protein and RNA levels, of primary T cells latently infected with HIV in vitro. Isobaric labelling quantitative proteomics and RNA sequencing identified 1453 proteins and 618 genes, altered in latently infected cells compared to mock-infected controls (p < 0.05). Biomarker selection was based on results from integrated data analysis. Relative enrichment for latently infected cells was monitored using flow cytometric sorting and the HIV integrant assay. Antibodies against selected proteins, encoded by CEACAM1 and PLXNB2, enabled enrichment of latently infected cells from cell mixtures by 3-10 fold (5.8 average, p < 0.001), comparable to levels obtained with biomarkers reported previously. Individual biomarkers are likely linked to subsets of latently infected cells, and an extended antibody panel will be required to inclusively target the latent HIV reservoir.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadejda Beliakova-Bethell
- VA San Diego Healthcare System and Veterans Medical Research Foundation, San Diego, CA, USA; University of California at San Diego, CA, USA.
| | - Antigoni Manousopoulou
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; Proteas Bioanalytics Inc., BioLabs at the Lundquist Institute, Torrance, CA, USA
| | | | - Amey Mukim
- University of California at San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Douglas D Richman
- VA San Diego Healthcare System and Veterans Medical Research Foundation, San Diego, CA, USA; University of California at San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Spiros D Garbis
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; Proteas Bioanalytics Inc., BioLabs at the Lundquist Institute, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Celsa A Spina
- VA San Diego Healthcare System and Veterans Medical Research Foundation, San Diego, CA, USA; University of California at San Diego, CA, USA
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Yu X, Yan H, Li W. Recent advances in neuropeptide-related omics and gene editing: Spotlight on NPY and somatostatin and their roles in growth and food intake of fish. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1023842. [PMID: 36267563 PMCID: PMC9576932 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1023842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Feeding and growth are two closely related and important physiological processes in living organisms. Studies in mammals have provided us with a series of characterizations of neuropeptides and their receptors as well as their roles in appetite control and growth. The central nervous system, especially the hypothalamus, plays an important role in the regulation of appetite. Based on their role in the regulation of feeding, neuropeptides can be classified as orexigenic peptide and anorexigenic peptide. To date, the regulation mechanism of neuropeptide on feeding and growth has been explored mainly from mammalian models, however, as a lower and diverse vertebrate, little is known in fish regarding the knowledge of regulatory roles of neuropeptides and their receptors. In recent years, the development of omics and gene editing technology has accelerated the speed and depth of research on neuropeptides and their receptors. These powerful techniques and tools allow a more precise and comprehensive perspective to explore the functional mechanisms of neuropeptides. This paper reviews the recent advance of omics and gene editing technologies in neuropeptides and receptors and their progresses in the regulation of feeding and growth of fish. The purpose of this review is to contribute to a comparative understanding of the functional mechanisms of neuropeptides in non-mammalians, especially fish.
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Cheng Y, Kim WK, Wellman LL, Sanford LD, Guo ML. Short-Term Sleep Fragmentation Dysregulates Autophagy in a Brain Region-Specific Manner. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11101098. [PMID: 34685469 PMCID: PMC8538758 DOI: 10.3390/life11101098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated autophagy, glial activation status, and corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) signaling in the brains of mice after 5 days of sleep fragmentation (SF). Three different brain regions including the striatum, hippocampus, and frontal cortex were selected for examination based on roles in sleep regulation and sensitivity to sleep disruption. For autophagy, we monitored the levels of various autophagic induction markers including beclin1, LC3II, and p62 as well as the levels of lysosomal associated membrane protein 1 and 2 (LAMP1/2) and the transcription factor EB (TFEB) which are critical for lysosome function and autophagy maturation stage. For the status of microglia and astrocytes, we determined the levels of Iba1 and GFAP in these brain regions. We also measured the levels of CRF and its cognate receptors 1 and 2 (CRFR1/2). Our results showed that 5 days of SF dysregulated autophagy in the striatum and hippocampus but not in the frontal cortex. Additionally, 5 days of SF activated microglia in the striatum but not in the hippocampus or frontal cortex. In the striatum, CRFR2 but not CRFR1 was significantly increased in SF-experienced mice. CRF did not alter its mRNA levels in any of the three brain regions assessed. Our findings revealed that autophagy processes are sensitive to short-term SF in a region-specific manner and suggest that autophagy dysregulation may be a primary initiator for brain changes and functional impairments in the context of sleep disturbances and disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Cheng
- Center for Integrative Neuroscience and Inflammatory Diseases, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA; (Y.C.); (W.-K.K.); (L.L.W.); (L.D.S.)
- Sleep Research Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Anatomy, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA
- Drug Addiction Laboratory, Department Pathology and Anatomy, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA
| | - Woong-Ki Kim
- Center for Integrative Neuroscience and Inflammatory Diseases, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA; (Y.C.); (W.-K.K.); (L.L.W.); (L.D.S.)
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA
| | - Laurie L. Wellman
- Center for Integrative Neuroscience and Inflammatory Diseases, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA; (Y.C.); (W.-K.K.); (L.L.W.); (L.D.S.)
- Sleep Research Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Anatomy, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA
| | - Larry D. Sanford
- Center for Integrative Neuroscience and Inflammatory Diseases, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA; (Y.C.); (W.-K.K.); (L.L.W.); (L.D.S.)
- Sleep Research Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Anatomy, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA
| | - Ming-Lei Guo
- Center for Integrative Neuroscience and Inflammatory Diseases, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA; (Y.C.); (W.-K.K.); (L.L.W.); (L.D.S.)
- Drug Addiction Laboratory, Department Pathology and Anatomy, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-757-446-5891
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Zhang X, Liu Y, Qi J, Tian Z, Tang N, Chen D, Li Z. Progress in understanding the roles of Urocortin3 (UCN3) in the control of appetite from studies using animal models. Peptides 2019; 121:170124. [PMID: 31415798 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2019.170124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Urocortin3 (UCN3), the newest member of corticotrophin releasing hormone (CRH) family polypeptides, is an anorexic factor discovered in 2001, which has a strong inhibitory effect on animal appetite regulation. UCN3 is widely distributed in various tissues of animals and has many biological functions. Based on the research progress of UCN3 on mammals and non-mammals, this paper summarized the discovery, tissue distribution, appetite regulation and mechanism of UCN3 in animals, in order to provide a reference for feeding regulation and growth in mammals and fish in further research and production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211# Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, 5# Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yanling Liu
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211# Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jinwen Qi
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211# Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhengzhi Tian
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211# Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ni Tang
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211# Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Defang Chen
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211# Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhiqiong Li
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211# Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Activated CRH receptors inhibit autophagy by repressing conversion of LC3BI to LC3BII. Cell Signal 2019; 58:119-130. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Electroacupuncture and Moxibustion Improved Anxiety Behavior in DSS-Induced Colitis Mice. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2019; 2019:2345890. [PMID: 30881446 PMCID: PMC6383400 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2345890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Psychological disorders are prevalent in patients with inflammatory bowel disease, but the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. The aim of this study was to study whether electroacupuncture (EA) and moxibustion (MB) can improve anxiety behavior in DSS-induced colitis mice and to investigate whether this effect is related to hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis. Methods The colitis model was established by drinking 2.5% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS). DSS-induced colitis mice were treated by EA or MB. Disease activity index (DAI) was scored; intestinal morphological and pathological structure was observed; anxiety behavior was tested by the elevated plus maze and open field. The concentration of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) and cortisol (CORT) in serum was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The protein expression of CRH in the colon and hypothalamus was detected by Western blot (WB). Results Both EA and MB treatments can improvethe morphology of their distal colonic mucosal epithelia, as well as the disease activity index. Meanwhile, anxiety behavior in colitis mice was improved slightly after EA and MB treatment. In addition, the levels of CRH and CORT in the serum were slightly improved after EA and MB treatment. These effects are further supported by WB results. The expression of CRH in the colon and hypothalamus was increased significantly after treatment, compared with the model group. Conclusion EA and MB were able to regulate the concentration of CRH in serum and protein expression in the peripheral and central at different levels and promote the recovery of the HPA axis that may be the basis for EA and MB to improve colonic pathology and alleviate anxiety behavior in DSS-induced colitis.
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Aubert P, Oleynikova E, Rizvi H, Ndjim M, Le Berre-Scoul C, Grohard PA, Chevalier J, Segain JP, Le Drean G, Neunlist M, Boudin H. Maternal protein restriction induces gastrointestinal dysfunction and enteric nervous system remodeling in rat offspring. FASEB J 2018; 33:770-781. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201800079r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Aubert
- The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain DisordersINSERMUniversité de Nantes Nantes France
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Grand Ouest Nantes France
| | - Elena Oleynikova
- The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain DisordersINSERMUniversité de Nantes Nantes France
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Grand Ouest Nantes France
| | - Hina Rizvi
- The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain DisordersINSERMUniversité de Nantes Nantes France
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Grand Ouest Nantes France
| | - Marième Ndjim
- Institute National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) Unité Mixte de Recherche 1280Physiologie des Adaptations Nutritionnelles (PhAN)Institut des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif Nantes France
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Grand Ouest Nantes France
| | - Catherine Le Berre-Scoul
- The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain DisordersINSERMUniversité de Nantes Nantes France
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Grand Ouest Nantes France
| | - Pierre Antoine Grohard
- The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain DisordersINSERMUniversité de Nantes Nantes France
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Grand Ouest Nantes France
| | - Julien Chevalier
- The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain DisordersINSERMUniversité de Nantes Nantes France
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Grand Ouest Nantes France
| | - Jean-Pierre Segain
- Institute National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) Unité Mixte de Recherche 1280Physiologie des Adaptations Nutritionnelles (PhAN)Institut des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif Nantes France
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Grand Ouest Nantes France
| | - Gwenola Le Drean
- Institute National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) Unité Mixte de Recherche 1280Physiologie des Adaptations Nutritionnelles (PhAN)Institut des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif Nantes France
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Grand Ouest Nantes France
| | - Michel Neunlist
- The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain DisordersINSERMUniversité de Nantes Nantes France
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Grand Ouest Nantes France
| | - Helene Boudin
- The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain DisordersINSERMUniversité de Nantes Nantes France
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Grand Ouest Nantes France
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Gong SS, Fan YH, Wang SY, Han QQ, Lv B, Xu Y, Chen X, He YE. Mucosa repair mechanisms of Tong-Xie-Yao-Fang mediated by CRH-R2 in murine, dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis. World J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:1766-1778. [PMID: 29713130 PMCID: PMC5922995 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i16.1766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To explore the significance of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)-receptor (R)2 in mucosal healing of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis and the effect of Tong-Xie-Yao-Fang (TXYF) on CRH-R2 expression and regulation.
METHODS Ulcerative colitis was induced in mice by administration of 3% (w/v) DSS for 7 d. Once the model was established, mice were administered urocortin-2 (30 μg/kg), a peptide which binds exclusively to CRH-R2, or various doses of aqueous TXYF extracts (2.8-11.2 g/kg), a CRH-R2 antagonist Astressin (Ast)2B (20 μg/kg), Ast2B + Ucn2, or Ast2B with various doses of aqueous TXYF extracts for 9 d. Colonic mucosal permeability was then evaluated by measuring the fluorescence intensity in serum. The colitis disease activity index (DAI), histology, body weight loss and colon length were assessed to evaluate the condition of colitis. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling was used to detect apoptosis of the intestinal epithelial cells. The expression level of Ki-67 represented the proliferation of colonic epithelial cells and was detected by immunohistochemistry. The expression levels of inflammation cytokines IL-6, TNF-α and CXCL-1 were examined in colon tissues using real-time PCR and ELISA kits.
RESULTS Compared with the DSS group, mice treated with the CRH-R2 antagonist Ast2B showed greater loss of body weight, shorter colon lengths (4.90 ± 0.32 vs 6.21 ± 0.34 cm, P < 0.05), and higher DAI (3.61 ± 0.53 vs 2.42 ± 0.32, P < 0.05) and histological scores (11.50 ± 1.05 vs 8.33 ± 1.03, P < 0.05). Additionally, the Ast2B group showed increased intestinal permeability (2.76 ± 0.11 μg/mL vs 1.47 ± 0.11 μg/mL, P < 0.001), improved secretion of inflammatory cytokines in colon tissue, and reduced colonic epithelial cell proliferation (4.97 ± 4.25 vs 22.51 ± 8.22, P < 0.05). Increased apoptosis (1422.39 ± 90.71 vs 983.01 ± 98.17, P < 0.001) was also demonstrated. The Ucn2 group demonstrated lower DAI (0.87 ± 0.55 vs 2.42 ± 0.32, P < 0.001) and histological scores (4.33 ± 1.50 vs 8.33 ± 1.03, P < 0.05). Diminished weight loss, longer colon length (9.58 ± 0.62 vs 6.21 ± 0.34 cm, P < 0.001), reduced intestinal permeability (0.75 ± 0.07 vs 1.47 ± 0.11 μg/mL, P < 0.001), inhibited secretion of inflammatory cytokines in colon tissue and increased colonic epithelial cell proliferation (90.04 ± 15.50 vs 22.51 ± 8.22, P < 0.01) were all observed. Reduced apoptosis (149.55 ± 21.68 vs 983.01 ± 98.17, P < 0.05) was also observed. However, significant statistical differences in the results of the Ast2B group and Ast2B + Ucn2 group were observed. TXYF was also found to ameliorate symptoms of DSS-induced colitis in mice and to promote mucosal repair like Ucn2. There were significant differences between the Ast2B + TXYF groups and the TXYF groups.
CONCLUSION CRH-R2 activates the intestinal mucosal antiinflammatory response by regulating migration, proliferation and apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells in colitis-induced mice, and plays an important antiinflammatory role. TXYF promotes mucosal repair in colitis mice by regulating CRH-R2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Shan Gong
- The First Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yi-Hong Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shi-Yi Wang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qing-Qing Han
- The First Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Bin Lv
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xi Chen
- The First Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yao-Er He
- The First Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang Province, China
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Zeidan B, Manousopoulou A, Garay-Baquero DJ, White CH, Larkin SET, Potter KN, Roumeliotis TI, Papachristou EK, Copson E, Cutress RI, Beers SA, Eccles D, Townsend PA, Garbis SD. Increased circulating resistin levels in early-onset breast cancer patients of normal body mass index correlate with lymph node negative involvement and longer disease free survival: a multi-center POSH cohort serum proteomics study. Breast Cancer Res 2018; 20:19. [PMID: 29566726 PMCID: PMC5863447 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-018-0938-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early-onset breast cancer (EOBC) affects about one in 300 women aged 40 years or younger and is associated with worse outcomes than later onset breast cancer. This study explored novel serum proteins as surrogate markers of prognosis in patients with EOBC. METHODS Serum samples from EOBC patients (stages 1-3) were analysed using agnostic high-precision quantitative proteomics. Patients received anthracycline-based chemotherapy. The discovery cohort (n = 399) either had more than 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) (good outcome group, n = 203) or DFS of less than 2 years (poor outcome group, n = 196). Expressed proteins were assessed for differential expression between the two groups. Bioinformatics pathway and network analysis in combination with literature research were used to determine clinically relevant proteins. ELISA analysis against an independent sample set from the Prospective study of Outcomes in Sporadic versus Hereditary breast cancer (POSH) cohort (n = 181) was used to validate expression levels of the selected target. Linear and generalized linear modelling was applied to determine the effect of target markers, body mass index (BMI), lymph node involvement (LN), oestrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 status on patients' outcome. RESULTS A total of 5346 unique proteins were analysed (peptide FDR p ≤ 0.05). Of these, 812 were differentially expressed in the good vs poor outcome groups and showed significant enrichment for the insulin signalling (p = 0.01) and the glycolysis/gluconeogenesis (p = 0.01) pathways. These proteins further correlated with interaction networks involving glucose and fatty acid metabolism. A consistent nodal protein to these metabolic networks was resistin (upregulated in the good outcome group, p = 0.009). ELISA validation demonstrated resistin to be upregulated in the good outcome group (p = 0.04), irrespective of BMI and ER status. LN involvement was the only covariate with a significant association with resistin measurements (p = 0.004). An ancillary in-silico observation was the induction of the inflammatory response, leucocyte infiltration, lymphocyte migration and recruitment of phagocytes (p < 0.0001, z-score > 2). Survival analysis showed that resistin overexpression was associated with improved DFS. CONCLUSIONS Higher circulating resistin correlated with node-negative patients and longer DFS independent of BMI and ER status in women with EOBC. Overexpression of serum resistin in EOBC may be a surrogate indicator of improved prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bashar Zeidan
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | | | - Diana J. Garay-Baquero
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Cory H. White
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Present address: Merck Exploratory Science Center, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - Samantha E. T. Larkin
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Kathleen N. Potter
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Theodoros I. Roumeliotis
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Present address: The Institute for Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Evangelia K. Papachristou
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Present address: Cancer Research Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ellen Copson
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Ramsey I. Cutress
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Stephen A. Beers
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Diana Eccles
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Paul A. Townsend
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Cancer Research Centre, Manchester Academic Health Science, Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Health Innovation Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Spiros D. Garbis
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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13
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Al-Daghri NM, Alokail MS, Manousopoulou A, Heinson A, Al-Attas O, Al-Saleh Y, Sabico S, Yakout S, Woelk CH, Chrousos GP, Garbis SD. Sex-specific vitamin D effects on blood coagulation among overweight adults. Eur J Clin Invest 2016; 46:1031-1040. [PMID: 27727459 DOI: 10.1111/eci.12688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overweight adults are at increased risk for cardiovascular disease and vitamin D deficiency, whereas an important feature to vitamin D physiology is its sex dependence. The aim of this study was to examine whether vitamin D status improvement exerts a sexually dimorphic effect on serum proteins associated with cardiovascular risk among overweight adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS Unprocessed serum from age- and BMI-matched men (n = 26) and premenopausal women (n = 24) with vitamin D deficiency and after they achieved sufficiency through a 12-month nutritional intervention was analysed using our previously published depletion-free quantitative proteomics method. Key findings were verified with ELISA. Differentially expressed proteins were subjected to in silico bioinformatics assessment using principal component analysis, hierarchical clustering and Metacore™ pathway analysis. All mass spectrometry proteomic data are available via ProteomeXchange (identifier: PXD003663). RESULTS A total of 282 proteins were differentially expressed after the intervention between men and women (P-value ≤ 0·05), in which the blood coagulation pathway was significantly enriched. In agreement with the proteomics findings, ELISA measurements showed vitamin K-dependent protein C, von Willebrand factor, fibrinogen gamma chain and multimerin-1 proteins, of relevance to blood coagulation, to be differentially affected (P-value ≤ 0·05) between sexes after vitamin D status correction. CONCLUSIONS This study identified novel protein-level molecular indicators on the sexually dimorphic effect of vitamin D status correction associated with blood coagulation among overweight adults. These sex-mediated vitamin D effects should be factored in the design and interpretation of vitamin D observational and interventional studies testing cardiometabolic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasser M Al-Daghri
- Biomarkers Research Program, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Prince Mutaib Chair for Biomarkers of Osteoporosis, Biochemistry Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majed S Alokail
- Biomarkers Research Program, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Prince Mutaib Chair for Biomarkers of Osteoporosis, Biochemistry Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Antigoni Manousopoulou
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.,Centre for Proteomic Research, Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Ashley Heinson
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Omar Al-Attas
- Prince Mutaib Chair for Biomarkers of Osteoporosis, Biochemistry Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yousef Al-Saleh
- Prince Mutaib Chair for Biomarkers of Osteoporosis, Biochemistry Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaun Sabico
- Biomarkers Research Program, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Prince Mutaib Chair for Biomarkers of Osteoporosis, Biochemistry Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sobhy Yakout
- Biomarkers Research Program, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Prince Mutaib Chair for Biomarkers of Osteoporosis, Biochemistry Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Christopher H Woelk
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - George P Chrousos
- First Department of Pediatrics, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Spiros D Garbis
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.,Centre for Proteomic Research, Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.,Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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14
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Manousopoulou A, Gatherer M, Smith C, Nicoll JAR, Woelk CH, Johnson M, Kalaria R, Attems J, Garbis SD, Carare RO. Systems proteomic analysis reveals that clusterin and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 3 increase in leptomeningeal arteries affected by cerebral amyloid angiopathy. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2016; 43:492-504. [PMID: 27543695 PMCID: PMC5638106 DOI: 10.1111/nan.12342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Aims Amyloid beta (Aβ) accumulation in the walls of leptomeningeal arteries as cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is a major feature of Alzheimer's disease. In this study, we used global quantitative proteomic analysis to examine the hypothesis that the leptomeningeal arteries derived from patients with CAA have a distinct endophenotypic profile compared to those from young and elderly controls. Methods Freshly dissected leptomeningeal arteries from the Newcastle Brain Tissue Resource and Edinburgh Sudden Death Brain Bank from seven elderly (82.9 ± 7.5 years) females with severe capillary and arterial CAA, as well as seven elderly (88.3 ± 8.6 years) and five young (45.4 ± 3.9 years) females without CAA were used in this study. Arteries from four patients with CAA, two young and two elderly controls were individually analysed using quantitative proteomics. Key proteomic findings were then validated using immunohistochemistry. Results Bioinformatics interpretation of the results showed a significant enrichment of the immune response/classical complement and extracellular matrix remodelling pathways (P < 0.05) in arteries affected by CAA vs. those from young and elderly controls. Clusterin (apolipoprotein J) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases‐3 (TIMP3), validated using immunohistochemistry, were shown to co‐localize with Aβ and to be up‐regulated in leptomeningeal arteries from CAA patients compared to young and elderly controls. Conclusions Global proteomic profiling of brain leptomeningeal arteries revealed that clusterin and TIMP3 increase in leptomeningeal arteries affected by CAA. We propose that clusterin and TIMP3 could facilitate perivascular clearance and may serve as novel candidate therapeutic targets for CAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Manousopoulou
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.,Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - M Gatherer
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - C Smith
- Pathology Department, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - J A R Nicoll
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - C H Woelk
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - M Johnson
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - R Kalaria
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - J Attems
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - S D Garbis
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.,Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.,Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - R O Carare
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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