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Vassal M, Martins F, Monteiro B, Tambaro S, Martinez-Murillo R, Rebelo S. Emerging Pro-neurogenic Therapeutic Strategies for Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Review of Pre-clinical and Clinical Research. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04246-w. [PMID: 38816676 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04246-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
The neuroscience community has largely accepted the notion that functional neurons can be generated from neural stem cells in the adult brain, especially in two brain regions: the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricles and the subgranular zone in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. However, impaired neurogenesis has been observed in some neurodegenerative diseases, particularly in Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's diseases, and also in Lewy Body dementia. Therefore, restoration of neurogenic function in neurodegenerative diseases emerges as a potential therapeutic strategy to counteract, or at least delay, disease progression. Considering this, the present study summarizes the different neuronal niches, provides a collection of the therapeutic potential of different pro-neurogenic strategies in pre-clinical and clinical research, providing details about their possible modes of action, to guide future research and clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Vassal
- Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Filipa Martins
- Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Bruno Monteiro
- Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Simone Tambaro
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Ricardo Martinez-Murillo
- Neurovascular Research Group, Department of Translational Neurobiology, Cajal Institute (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Rebelo
- Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
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2
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Smith MC, Belur LR, Karlen AD, Podetz-Pedersen K, Erlanson O, Laoharawee K, Furcich J, Lund TC, You Y, Seelig D, Webber BR, McIvor RS. Generation and characterization of an immunodeficient mouse model of mucopolysaccharidosis type II. Mol Genet Metab 2023; 138:107539. [PMID: 37023503 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2023.107539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidosis type II (Hunter syndrome, MPS II) is an inherited X-linked recessive disease caused by deficiency of iduronate-2-sulfatase (IDS), resulting in the accumulation of the glycosaminoglycans (GAG) heparan and dermatan sulfates. Mouse models of MPS II have been used in several reports to study disease pathology and to conduct preclinical studies for current and next generation therapies. Here, we report the generation and characterization of an immunodeficient mouse model of MPS II, where CRISPR/Cas9 was employed to knock out a portion of the murine IDS gene on the NOD/SCID/Il2rγ (NSG) immunodeficient background. IDS-/- NSG mice lacked detectable IDS activity in plasma and all analyzed tissues and exhibited elevated levels of GAGs in those same tissues and in the urine. Histopathology revealed vacuolized cells in both the periphery and CNS of NSG-MPS II mice. This model recapitulates skeletal disease manifestations, such as increased zygomatic arch diameter and decreased femur length. Neurocognitive deficits in spatial memory and learning were also observed in the NSG-MPS II model. We anticipate that this new immunodeficient model will be appropriate for preclinical studies involving xenotransplantation of human cell products intended for the treatment of MPS II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miles C Smith
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States; Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Lalitha R Belur
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States; Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Andrea D Karlen
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States; Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Kelly Podetz-Pedersen
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States; Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Olivia Erlanson
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States; Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Kanut Laoharawee
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States; Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Justin Furcich
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Troy C Lund
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Yun You
- Mouse Genetics Laboratory, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Davis Seelig
- Comparative Pathology Shared Resource, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States
| | - Beau R Webber
- Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States; Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States; Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - R Scott McIvor
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States; Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States; Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States.
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3
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Gupta S, Kawaguchi R, Heinrichs E, Gallardo S, Castellanos S, Mandric I, Novitch BG, Butler SJ. In vitro atlas of dorsal spinal interneurons reveals Wnt signaling as a critical regulator of progenitor expansion. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111119. [PMID: 35858555 PMCID: PMC9414195 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Restoring sensation after injury or disease requires a reproducible method for generating large quantities of bona fide somatosensory interneurons. Toward this goal, we assess the mechanisms by which dorsal spinal interneurons (dIs; dI1-dI6) can be derived from mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs). Using two developmentally relevant growth factors, retinoic acid (RA) and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) 4, we recapitulate the complete in vivo program of dI differentiation through a neuromesodermal intermediate. Transcriptional profiling reveals that mESC-derived dIs strikingly resemble endogenous dIs, with the correct molecular and functional signatures. We further demonstrate that RA specifies dI4-dI6 fates through a default multipotential state, while the addition of BMP4 induces dI1-dI3 fates and activates Wnt signaling to enhance progenitor proliferation. Constitutively activating Wnt signaling permits the dramatic expansion of neural progenitor cultures. These cultures retain the capacity to differentiate into diverse populations of dIs, thereby providing a method of increasing neuronal yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Gupta
- Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | - Riki Kawaguchi
- Department of Psychiatry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Eric Heinrichs
- Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Genetics and Genomics Graduate Program, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Salena Gallardo
- Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Molecular Biology Interdepartmental Graduate Program, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Stephanie Castellanos
- Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; CIRM Bridges to Research Program, California State University, Northridge, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Igor Mandric
- Department of Computer Science, Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Bennett G Novitch
- Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Intellectual & Developmental Disabilities Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Samantha J Butler
- Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Intellectual & Developmental Disabilities Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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Cell–Cell Contact Mediates Gene Expression and Fate Choice of Human Neural Stem/Progenitor Cells. Cells 2022; 11:cells11111741. [PMID: 35681435 PMCID: PMC9179342 DOI: 10.3390/cells11111741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Transplantation of Neural Stem/Progenitor Cells (NPCs) is a promising regenerative strategy to promote neural repair following injury and degeneration because of the ability of these cells to proliferate, migrate, and integrate with the host tissue. Precise in vitro control of NPC proliferation without compromising multipotency and differentiation ability is critical in stem cell maintenance. This idea was highlighted in recent clinical trials, where discrepancies in NPC culturing protocols produced inconsistent therapeutic benefits. Of note, cell density plays an important role in regulating the survival, proliferation, differentiation, and fate choice of stem cells. To determine the extent of variability produced by inconsistent culturing densities, the present study cultured human-induced pluripotent NPCs (hiPSC-NPCs) at either a low or high plating density. hiPSC-NPCs were then isolated for transcriptomic analysis or differentiation in vitro. Following sequencing analysis, genes involved in cell–cell contact-mediated pathways, including Hippo-signaling, NOTCH, and WNT were differentially expressed. Modulation of these pathways was highly associated with the regulation of pro-neuronal transcription factors, which were also upregulated in response to higher-density hiPSC-NPC culture. Moreover, higher plating density translated into a greater neuronal and less astrocytic differentiation in vitro. This study highlights the importance of precisely controlling culture conditions during the development of NPC transplantation therapies.
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Bierman-Duquette RD, Safarians G, Huang J, Rajput B, Chen JY, Wang ZZ, Seidlits SK. Engineering Tissues of the Central Nervous System: Interfacing Conductive Biomaterials with Neural Stem/Progenitor Cells. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2101577. [PMID: 34808031 PMCID: PMC8986557 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202101577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Conductive biomaterials provide an important control for engineering neural tissues, where electrical stimulation can potentially direct neural stem/progenitor cell (NS/PC) maturation into functional neuronal networks. It is anticipated that stem cell-based therapies to repair damaged central nervous system (CNS) tissues and ex vivo, "tissue chip" models of the CNS and its pathologies will each benefit from the development of biocompatible, biodegradable, and conductive biomaterials. Here, technological advances in conductive biomaterials are reviewed over the past two decades that may facilitate the development of engineered tissues with integrated physiological and electrical functionalities. First, one briefly introduces NS/PCs of the CNS. Then, the significance of incorporating microenvironmental cues, to which NS/PCs are naturally programmed to respond, into biomaterial scaffolds is discussed with a focus on electrical cues. Next, practical design considerations for conductive biomaterials are discussed followed by a review of studies evaluating how conductive biomaterials can be engineered to control NS/PC behavior by mimicking specific functionalities in the CNS microenvironment. Finally, steps researchers can take to move NS/PC-interfacing, conductive materials closer to clinical translation are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gevick Safarians
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, USA
| | - Joyce Huang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, USA
| | - Bushra Rajput
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, USA
| | - Jessica Y. Chen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, USA
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, USA
| | - Ze Zhong Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, USA
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6
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Azari H. Isolation and Enrichment of Defined Neural Cell Populations from Heterogeneous Neural Stem Cell Progeny. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2389:111-123. [PMID: 34558007 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1783-0_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The renewable source of neural stem cells (NSCs) with multi-lineage differentiation capability toward neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes represents an ideal supply for cell therapy of central nervous system (CNS) diseases. In spite of this, the clinical use of NSCs is hampered by heterogeneity, poor neuronal cell yield, predominant astrocytic differentiation of NSC progeny, and possible uncontrolled proliferation and tumor formation upon transplantation. The ability to generate highly enriched and defined neural cell populations from the renewable source of NSCs might overcome many of these impediments and pave the way toward their successful clinical applications.Here, we describe a simple method for NSC differentiation and subsequent purification of neuronal progenitor cells, taking advantage of size and granularity differences between neuronal cells and other NSC progeny. This highly enriched neuronal cell population provides an invaluable source of cells for both in vitro and in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Azari
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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7
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Liu D, Bobrovskaya L, Zhou XF. Cell Therapy for Neurological Disorders: The Perspective of Promising Cells. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:1142. [PMID: 34827135 PMCID: PMC8614777 DOI: 10.3390/biology10111142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Neurological disorders are big public health challenges that are afflicting hundreds of millions of people around the world. Although many conventional pharmacological therapies have been tested in patients, their therapeutic efficacies to alleviate their symptoms and slow down the course of the diseases are usually limited. Cell therapy has attracted the interest of many researchers in the last several decades and has brought new hope for treating neurological disorders. Moreover, numerous studies have shown promising results. However, none of the studies has led to a promising therapy for patients with neurological disorders, despite the ongoing and completed clinical trials. There are many factors that may affect the outcome of cell therapy for neurological disorders due to the complexity of the nervous system, especially cell types for transplantation and the specific disease for treatment. This paper provides a review of the various cell types from humans that may be clinically used for neurological disorders, based on their characteristics and current progress in related studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xin-Fu Zhou
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; (D.L.); (L.B.)
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8
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Promoting motor functions in a spinal cord injury model of rats using transplantation of differentiated human olfactory stem cells: A step towards future therapy. Behav Brain Res 2021; 405:113205. [PMID: 33636233 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Human olfactory ecto-mesenchymal stem cells (hOE-MSCs) derived from the human olfactory mucosa (OM) can be easily isolated and expanded in cultures while their immense plasticity is maintained. To mitigate ethical concerns, the hOE-MSCs can be also transplanted across allogeneic barriers, making them desirable cells for clinical applications. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of administering the hOE-MSCs on a spinal cord injury (SCI) model of rats. These cells were accordingly isolated and cultured, and then treated in the neurobasal medium containing serum-free Dulbecco's Modified Essential Medium (DMEM) and Ham's F-12 Medium (DMEM/F12) with 2% B27 for two days. Afterwards, the pre-induced cells were incubated in N2B27 with basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), fibroblast growth factor 8b (FGF8b), sonic hedgehog (SHH), and ascorbic acid (vitamin C) for six days. The efficacy of the induced cells was additionally evaluated using immunocytochemistry (ICC) and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The differentiated cells were similarly transplanted into the SC contusions. Functional recovery was further conducted on a weekly basis for eight consecutive weeks. Moreover, cell integration was assessed via conventional histology and ICC, whose results revealed the expression of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) marker at the induction stage. According to the RT-PCR findings, the highest expression level of insulin gene-enhancer protein (islet-1), oligodendrocyte transcription factor (Olig2), and homeobox protein HB9 was observed at the induction stage. The number of engraftment cells also rose (approximately by 2.5 % ± 0.1) in the motor neuron-like cells derived from the hOE-MSCs-grafted group compared with the OE-MSCs-grafted one. The functional analysis correspondingly revealed that locomotor and sensory scores considerably improved in the rats in the treatment group. These findings suggested that motor neuron-like cells derived from the hOE-MSCs could be utilized as an alternative cell-based therapeutic strategy for SCI.
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Hasanzadeh E, Ebrahimi-Barough S, Mahmoodi N, Mellati A, Nekounam H, Basiri A, Asadpour S, Ghasemi D, Ai J. Defining the role of 17β-estradiol in human endometrial stem cells differentiation into neuron-like cells. Cell Biol Int 2020; 45:140-153. [PMID: 33049079 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Human endometrial stem cells (hEnSCs) that can be differentiated into various neural cell types have been regarded as a suitable cell population for neural tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Considering different interactions between hormones, growth factors, and other factors in the neural system, several differentiation protocols have been proposed to direct hEnSCs towards specific neural cells. The 17β-estradiol plays important roles in the processes of development, maturation, and function of nervous system. In the present research, the impact of 17β-estradiol (estrogen, E2) on the neural differentiation of hEnSCs was examined for the first time, based on the expression levels of neural genes and proteins. In this regard, hEnSCs were differentiated into neuron-like cells after exposure to retinoic acid (RA), epidermal growth factor (EGF), and also fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF2) in the absence or presence of 17β-estradiol. The majority of cells showed a multipolar morphology. In all groups, the expression levels of nestin, Tuj-1 and NF-H (neurofilament heavy polypeptide) (as neural-specific markers) increased during 14 days. According to the outcomes of immunofluorescence (IF) and real-time PCR analyses, the neuron-specific markers were more expressed in the estrogen-treated groups, in comparison with the estrogen-free ones. These findings suggest that 17β-estradiol along with other growth factors can stimulate and upregulate the expression of neural markers during the neuronal differentiation of hEnSCs. Moreover, our findings confirm that hEnSCs can be an appropriate cell source for cell therapy of neurodegenerative diseases and neural tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Hasanzadeh
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Immunogenetics Research Center, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Somayeh Ebrahimi-Barough
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Narges Mahmoodi
- Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Mellati
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Houra Nekounam
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arefeh Basiri
- Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Shiva Asadpour
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Diba Ghasemi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jafar Ai
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Shafiee A, Kehtari M, Zarei Z, Soleimani M, Varshochian R, Ahmadi A, Atyabi F, Dinarvand R. An in situ hydrogel-forming scaffold loaded by PLGA microspheres containing carbon nanotube as a suitable niche for neural differentiation. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 120:111739. [PMID: 33545882 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions are known to have a strong impact on cell behaviors in neural tissues. Due to complex physiology system and limited regenerative capacity of nervous system, neural tissue engineering has attracted attention as a promising strategy. In this study, we designed a hydrogel loaded by poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres containing carbon nanotubes (CNT) and the biochemical differentiation factors, as a scaffold, in order to replicate the neural niche for stem cell growth (and/or differentiation). Different formulations from Hyaluronic acid (H), Poloxamer (P), Ethoxy-silane-capped poloxamer (PE), and cross-linked Alginate (Alg) were utilized as an in situ gel structure matrix to mirror the mechanical properties of the ECM of CNS. Subsequently, conductivity, surface morphology, size of microspheres, and CNT dispersion in microsphere were measured using two probes electrical conductometer, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and Raman spectroscopy, respectively. According to SEM and fluorescent microscopy images, CNTs increased the porosity of polymeric structure, which, in turn, facilitated the adhesion of stem cells on the surface of microspheres compared with control. Microstructure and rheological behaviors of different gel compositions were investigated using SEM and parallel-plate oscillatory rheometer, respectively. The MTT assay showed the toxicity profile of hydrogels was appropriate for cell transplantation. The confocal images illustrated the 3D platform of P15%H10% and P20%H5% gel formulations containing the PLGA-CNT microspheres, which allows the proliferation of neural stem cells (NSCs) derived from MSC. The results of real-time PCR and immunocytochemistry showed neuronal differentiation capacity of cultured NSCs derived from MSC in the alginate gel that contained PLGA-CNT microspheres as well as other control groups. The dispersion of the CNT-PLGA microspheres, covered by NSCs, into alginate gel in the presence of induction factors was found to notably enhance the expression of Sox2-SYP and β-Tubulin III neuronal markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akram Shafiee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417614411, Iran
| | - Mousa Kehtari
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Zarei
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Soleimani
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, Faculty of Medicine, Tarbiat Modaress University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reyhaneh Varshochian
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Ahmadi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Atyabi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417614411, Iran; Nanotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Rassoul Dinarvand
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417614411, Iran; Nanotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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11
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Pourang A, Rockwell H, Karimi K. New Frontiers in Skin Rejuvenation, Including Stem Cells and Autologous Therapies. Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am 2019; 28:101-117. [PMID: 31779934 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsc.2019.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
One of the greatest challenges in the progression of aesthetic medicine lies in providing treatments with long-term results that are also minimally invasive and safe. Keeping up with this demand are developments in autologous therapies such as adipose-derived stem cells, stromal vascular fraction, microfat, nanofat, and platelet therapies, which are being shown to deliver satisfactory results. Innovations in more traditional cosmetic therapies, such as botulinum toxin, fillers, and thread lifts, are even more at the forefront of the advancement in aesthetics. Combining autologous therapies with traditional noninvasive methods can ultimately provide patients with more effective rejuvenation options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aunna Pourang
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, 3301 C Street, Suite 1400, Sacramento, CA 95816, USA
| | - Helena Rockwell
- University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Kian Karimi
- Rejuva Medical Aesthetics, 11645 Wilshire Boulevard #605, Los Angeles, CA 90025, USA.
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12
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Díaz ML. Regenerative medicine: could Parkinson's be the first neurodegenerative disease to be cured? Future Sci OA 2019; 5:FSO418. [PMID: 31608157 PMCID: PMC6787491 DOI: 10.2144/fsoa-2019-0035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is one of the most insidious neurodegenerative diseases in developed countries. Today, human pluripotent stem cells are produced from embryonic or adult cells, multiplied, differentiated into neural cell lines and ultimately transplanted into disease animal models or patients. Nowadays, DOPAminergic neurons derived from human pluripotent stem cells and human parthenogenetic cells are being clinically tested in China and Australia, respectively. More importantly, good manufacturing practices have been developed and the neurons obtained have been successfully tested in nonhuman primates by teams in Europe, USA and Japan. However, there is a need for translational clinical studies with small molecules tested in vitro, as well as testing of the the efficacy of additional therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariacruz L Díaz
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Departamento de Reproducción Animal, Madrid 28040, Spain
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13
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Ma Y, Ma J, Zhao Y, Yang K, Zhou J, Gao F, Pan R, Lu G. Comparison of phenotypic markers and neural differentiation potential of human bone marrow stromal cells from the cranial bone and iliac crest. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:15235-15242. [PMID: 30677139 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Cellular therapies represent a new frontier in the treatment of neurological diseases. Accumulating evidence from preclinical studies of animal models suggests that mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), also known as mesenchymal stem cells, are an effective therapy for neurological diseases. In this study, we established human MSC lines from both cranial bone marrow (cBMMSCs) and iliac crest bone marrow (iBMMSCs) from the same donors and found that cBMMSCs show higher expression of neural crest-associated genes than iBMMSCs. Moreover, as observed in both mRNA and protein assays, neurogenic-induced cells from cBMMSCs expressed significantly higher levels of neural markers, such as NESTIN, SLUG, SOX9, and TWIST, than those from iBMMSCs. Thus, cBMMSCs showed a greater tendency than iBMMSCs to differentiate into neuron-like cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyuan Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Ma
- Department of Pathology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kaichuang Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jia Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Faliang Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ruolang Pan
- Key Laboratory of Cell-Based Drug and Applied Technology Development in Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Institute for Cell-Based Drug Development of Zhejiang Province, S-Evans Biosciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gang Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
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14
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Vogel S, Schäfer C, Hess S, Folz-Donahue K, Nelles M, Minassian A, Schwarz MK, Kukat C, Ehrlich M, Zaehres H, Kloppenburg P, Hoehn M, Aswendt M. The in vivo timeline of differentiation of engrafted human neural progenitor cells. Stem Cell Res 2019; 37:101429. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2019.101429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
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15
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Payne SL, Tuladhar A, Obermeyer JM, Varga BV, Teal CJ, Morshead CM, Nagy A, Shoichet MS. Initial cell maturity changes following transplantation in a hyaluronan-based hydrogel and impacts therapeutic success in the stroke-injured rodent brain. Biomaterials 2019; 192:309-322. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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16
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High Fidelity Cryopreservation and Recovery of Primary Rodent Cortical Neurons. eNeuro 2018; 5:eN-MNT-0135-18. [PMID: 30263951 PMCID: PMC6158653 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0135-18.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell cryopreservation improves reproducibility and enables flexibility in experimental design. Although conventional freezing methodologies have been used to preserve primary neurons, poor cell viability and reduced survival severely limited their utility. We screened several high-performance freezing media and found that CryoStor10 (CS10) provided superior cryoprotection to primary mouse embryonic cortical neurons compared to other commercially-available or traditional reagents, permitting the recovery of 68.8% of cells relative to a fresh dissection. We characterized developmental, morphometric, and functional indicators of neuron maturation and found that, without exception, neurons recovered from cryostorage in CS10 media faithfully recapitulate in vitro neurodevelopment in-step with neurons obtained by fresh dissection. Our method establishes cryopreserved neurons as a reliable, efficient, and equivalent model to fresh neuron cultures.
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17
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Adams KV, Morshead CM. Neural stem cell heterogeneity in the mammalian forebrain. Prog Neurobiol 2018; 170:2-36. [PMID: 29902499 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2018.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The brain was long considered an organ that underwent very little change after development. It is now well established that the mammalian central nervous system contains neural stem cells that generate progeny that are capable of making new neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes throughout life. The field has advanced rapidly as it strives to understand the basic biology of these precursor cells, and explore their potential to promote brain repair. The purpose of this review is to present current knowledge about the diversity of neural stem cells in vitro and in vivo, and highlight distinctions between neural stem cell populations, throughout development, and within the niche. A comprehensive understanding of neural stem cell heterogeneity will provide insights into the cellular and molecular regulation of neural development and lifelong neurogenesis, and will guide the development of novel strategies to promote regeneration and neural repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey V Adams
- Institute of Medical Science, Terrence Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto ON, M5S 3E2, Canada.
| | - Cindi M Morshead
- Institute of Medical Science, Terrence Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto ON, M5S 3E2, Canada; Department of Surgery, Division of Anatomy, Canada; Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, Canada; Rehabilitation Science Institute, University of Toronto, Canada.
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18
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The use of stem cells in aesthetic dermatology and plastic surgery procedures. A compact review of experimental and clinical applications. Postepy Dermatol Alergol 2017; 34:526-534. [PMID: 29422816 PMCID: PMC5799755 DOI: 10.5114/ada.2017.72456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this paper was to collect currently available data related to the use of stem cells in aesthetic dermatology and plastic surgery based on a systemic review of experimental and clinical applications. We found that the use of stem cells is very promising but the current state of art is still not effective. This situation is connected with not fully known mechanisms of cell interactions, possible risks and side effects. We think that there is a big need to create and conduct different studies which could resolve problems of stem cells use for implementation into aesthetic dermatology and plastic surgery.
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19
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Xie Y, Schutte RJ, Ng NN, Ess KC, Schwartz PH, O'Dowd DK. Reproducible and efficient generation of functionally active neurons from human hiPSCs for preclinical disease modeling. Stem Cell Res 2017; 26:84-94. [PMID: 29272856 PMCID: PMC5899925 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2017.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 10/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived neuronal cultures to study the mechanisms of neurological disorders is often limited by low efficiency and high variability in differentiation of functional neurons. Here we compare the functional properties of neurons in cultures prepared with two hiPSC differentiation protocols, both plated on astroglial feeder layers. Using a protocol with an expandable intermediate stage, only a small percentage of cells with neuronal morphology were excitable by 21-23days in culture. In contrast, a direct differentiation strategy of the same hiPSC line produced cultures in which the majority of neurons fired action potentials as early as 4-5days. By 35-38days over 80% of the neurons fired repetitively and many fired spontaneously. Spontaneous post-synaptic currents were observed in ~40% of the neurons at 4-5days and in ~80% by 21-23days. The majority (75%) received both glutamatergic and GABAergic spontaneous postsynaptic currents. The rate and degree of maturation of excitability and synaptic activity was similar between multiple independent platings from a single hiPSC line, and between two different control hiPSC lines. Cultures of rapidly functional neurons will facilitate identification of cellular mechanisms underlying genetically defined neurological disorders and development of novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyao Xie
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Ryan J Schutte
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Nathan N Ng
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Kevin C Ess
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Philip H Schwartz
- Children's Hospital of Orange County Research Institute, Orange, CA, United States
| | - Diane K O'Dowd
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States.
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20
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Mendivil-Perez M, Soto-Mercado V, Guerra-Librero A, Fernandez-Gil BI, Florido J, Shen YQ, Tejada MA, Capilla-Gonzalez V, Rusanova I, Garcia-Verdugo JM, Acuña-Castroviejo D, López LC, Velez-Pardo C, Jimenez-Del-Rio M, Ferrer JM, Escames G. Melatonin enhances neural stem cell differentiation and engraftment by increasing mitochondrial function. J Pineal Res 2017; 63. [PMID: 28423196 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Neural stem cells (NSCs) are regarded as a promising therapeutic approach to protecting and restoring damaged neurons in neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease (PD and AD, respectively). However, new research suggests that NSC differentiation is required to make this strategy effective. Several studies have demonstrated that melatonin increases mature neuronal markers, which reflects NSC differentiation into neurons. Nevertheless, the possible involvement of mitochondria in the effects of melatonin during NSC differentiation has not yet been fully established. We therefore tested the impact of melatonin on NSC proliferation and differentiation in an attempt to determine whether these actions depend on modulating mitochondrial activity. We measured proliferation and differentiation markers, mitochondrial structural and functional parameters as well as oxidative stress indicators and also evaluated cell transplant engraftment. This enabled us to show that melatonin (25 μM) induces NSC differentiation into oligodendrocytes and neurons. These effects depend on increased mitochondrial mass/DNA/complexes, mitochondrial respiration, and membrane potential as well as ATP synthesis in NSCs. It is also interesting to note that melatonin prevented oxidative stress caused by high levels of mitochondrial activity. Finally, we found that melatonin enriches NSC engraftment in the ND mouse model following transplantation. We concluded that a combined therapy involving transplantation of NSCs pretreated with pharmacological doses of melatonin could efficiently restore neuronal cell populations in PD and AD mouse models depending on mitochondrial activity promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Mendivil-Perez
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical Research Center, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Viviana Soto-Mercado
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical Research Center, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Ana Guerra-Librero
- Medical Research Institute, Health Sciences Technology Park, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Beatriz I Fernandez-Gil
- Medical Research Institute, Health Sciences Technology Park, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Javier Florido
- Medical Research Institute, Health Sciences Technology Park, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Ying-Qiang Shen
- Medical Research Institute, Health Sciences Technology Park, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Miguel A Tejada
- Medical Research Institute, Health Sciences Technology Park, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Vivian Capilla-Gonzalez
- Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CABIMER), Seville, Spain
| | - Iryna Rusanova
- Medical Research Institute, Health Sciences Technology Park, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - José M Garcia-Verdugo
- Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Darío Acuña-Castroviejo
- Medical Research Institute, Health Sciences Technology Park, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
- CIBERFES, Biosanitary Research Institute, Complejo Hospitalario de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Luis Carlos López
- Medical Research Institute, Health Sciences Technology Park, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
- CIBERFES, Biosanitary Research Institute, Complejo Hospitalario de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Carlos Velez-Pardo
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical Research Center, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia
| | | | - José M Ferrer
- CIBERFES, Biosanitary Research Institute, Complejo Hospitalario de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Germaine Escames
- Medical Research Institute, Health Sciences Technology Park, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
- CIBERFES, Biosanitary Research Institute, Complejo Hospitalario de Granada, Granada, Spain
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21
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Tom CM, Younesi S, Meer E, Bresee C, Godoy M, Mattis VB. Survival of iPSC-derived grafts within the striatum of immunodeficient mice: Importance of developmental stage of both transplant and host recipient. Exp Neurol 2017; 297:118-128. [PMID: 28760579 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2017.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Degeneration of the striatum can occur in multiple disorders with devastating consequences for the patients. Infantile infections with streptococcus, measles, or herpes can cause striatal necrosis associated with dystonia or dyskinesia; and in patients with Huntington's disease the striatum undergoes massive degeneration, leading to behavioral, psychological and movement issues, ultimately resulting in death. Currently, only supportive therapies are available for striatal degeneration. Clinical trials have shown some efficacy using transplantation of fetal-derived primary striatal progenitors. Large banks of fetal progenitors that give rise to medium spiny neurons (MSNs), the primary neuron of the striatum, are needed to make transplantation therapy a reality. However, fetal tissue is of limited supply, has ethical concerns, and is at risk of graft immunorejection. An alternative potential source of MSNs is induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), adult somatic tissues reprogrammed back to a stem cell fate. Multiple publications have demonstrated the ability to differentiate striatal MSNs from iPSCs. Previous publications have demonstrated that the efficacy of fetal progenitor transplants is critically dependent upon the age of the donor embryo/fetus as well as the age of the transplant recipient. With the advent of iPSC technology, a question that remains unanswered concerns the graft's "age," which is crucial since transplanting pluripotent cells has an inherent risk of over proliferation and teratoma formation. Therefore, in order to also determine the effect of transplant recipient age on the graft, iPSCs were differentiated to three stages along a striatal differentiation paradigm and transplanted into the striatum of both neonatal and adult immunodeficient mice. This study demonstrated that increased murine transplant-recipient age (adult vs neonate) resulted in decreased graft survival and volume/rostro-caudal spread after six weeks in vivo, regardless of "age" of the cells transplanted. Importantly, this study implicates that the in vivo setting may provide a better neurogenic niche for iPSC-based modeling as compared to the in vitro setting. Together, these results recapitulate findings from fetal striatal progenitor transplantation studies and further demonstrate the influence of the host environment on cellular survival and maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colton M Tom
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Shahab Younesi
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Elana Meer
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Catherine Bresee
- Biostatistics & Bioinformatics Research Center, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Marlesa Godoy
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Virginia B Mattis
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.
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22
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Goldberg NRS, Marsh SE, Ochaba J, Shelley BC, Davtyan H, Thompson LM, Steffan JS, Svendsen CN, Blurton-Jones M. Human Neural Progenitor Transplantation Rescues Behavior and Reduces α-Synuclein in a Transgenic Model of Dementia with Lewy Bodies. Stem Cells Transl Med 2017; 6:1477-1490. [PMID: 28225193 PMCID: PMC5464354 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.16-0362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Revised: 12/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Synucleinopathies are a group of neurodegenerative disorders sharing the common feature of misfolding and accumulation of the presynaptic protein α‐synuclein (α‐syn) into insoluble aggregates. Within this diverse group, Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB) is characterized by the aberrant accumulation of α‐syn in cortical, hippocampal, and brainstem neurons, resulting in multiple cellular stressors that particularly impair dopamine and glutamate neurotransmission and related motor and cognitive function. Recent studies show that murine neural stem cell (NSC) transplantation can improve cognitive or motor function in transgenic models of Alzheimer's and Huntington's disease, and DLB. However, examination of clinically relevant human NSCs in these models is hindered by the challenges of xenotransplantation and the confounding effects of immunosuppressant drugs on pathology and behavior. To address this challenge, we developed an immune‐deficient transgenic model of DLB that lacks T‐, B‐, and NK‐cells, yet exhibits progressive accumulation of human α‐syn (h‐α‐syn)‐laden inclusions and cognitive and motor impairments. We demonstrate that clinically relevant human neural progenitor cells (line CNS10‐hNPCs) survive, migrate extensively and begin to differentiate preferentially into astrocytes following striatal transplantation into this DLB model. Critically, grafted CNS10‐hNPCs rescue both cognitive and motor deficits after 1 and 3 months and, furthermore, restore striatal dopamine and glutamate systems. These behavioral and neurochemical benefits are likely achieved by reducing α‐syn oligomers. Collectively, these results using a new model of DLB demonstrate that hNPC transplantation can impact a broad array of disease mechanisms and phenotypes and suggest a cellular therapeutic strategy that should be pursued. Stem Cells Translational Medicine2017;6:1477–1490
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie R S Goldberg
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Irvine, California, USA.,Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, Irvine, California, USA.,Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Samuel E Marsh
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Irvine, California, USA.,Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, Irvine, California, USA.,Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Joseph Ochaba
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Irvine, California, USA.,Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Brandon C Shelley
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Hayk Davtyan
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Institute for Molecular Medicine, Huntington Beach, California, USA
| | - Leslie M Thompson
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Irvine, California, USA.,Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, Irvine, California, USA.,Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, Irvine, California, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Joan S Steffan
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Clive N Svendsen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Mathew Blurton-Jones
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Irvine, California, USA.,Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, Irvine, California, USA.,Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, Irvine, California, USA
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23
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Neural Progenitor Cells Promote Axonal Growth and Alter Axonal mRNA Localization in Adult Neurons. eNeuro 2017; 4:eN-NWR-0171-16. [PMID: 28197547 PMCID: PMC5291088 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0171-16.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2016] [Revised: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The inhibitory environment of the spinal cord and the intrinsic properties of neurons prevent regeneration of axons following CNS injury. However, both ascending and descending axons of the injured spinal cord have been shown to regenerate into grafts of embryonic neural progenitor cells (NPCs). Previous studies have shown that grafts composed of glial-restricted progenitors (GRPs) and neural-restricted progenitors (NRPs) can provide a permissive microenvironment for axon growth. We have used cocultures of adult rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons together with NPCs, which have shown significant enhancement of axon growth by embryonic rat GRP and GRPs/NRPs, both in coculture conditions and when DRGs are exposed to conditioned medium from the NPC cultures. This growth-promoting effect of NPC-conditioned medium was also seen in injury-conditioned neurons. DRGs cocultured with GRPs/NRPs showed altered expression of regeneration-associated genes at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. We found that levels of GAP-43 mRNA increased in DRG cell bodies and axons. However, hepcidin antimicrobial peptide (HAMP) mRNA decreased in the cell bodies of DRGs cocultured with GRPs/NRPs, which is distinct from the increase in cell body HAMP mRNA levels seen in DRGs after injury conditioning. Endogenous GAP-43 and β-actin mRNAs as well as reporter RNAs carrying axonally localizing 3'UTRs of these transcripts showed significantly increased levels in distal axons in the DRGs cocultured with GRPs/NRPs. These results indicate that axon growth promoted by NPCs is associated not only with enhanced transcription of growth-associated genes but also can increase localization of some mRNAs into growing axons.
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24
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Fortin JM, Deleyrolle LP, Reynolds BA. Tayloring cell populations for neurodegenerative diseases. Neural Regen Res 2016; 11:1582-1583. [PMID: 27904487 PMCID: PMC5116835 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.193235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jeff M Fortin
- Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Loic P Deleyrolle
- Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Preston A. Wells, Jr. for Brain Tumor Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Brent A Reynolds
- Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Preston A. Wells, Jr. for Brain Tumor Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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