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Dhupar R, Powers AA, Eisenberg SH, Gemmill RM, Bardawil CE, Udoh HM, Cubitt A, Nangle LA, Soloff AC. Orchestrating Resilience: How Neuropilin-2 and Macrophages Contribute to Cardiothoracic Disease. J Clin Med 2024; 13:1446. [PMID: 38592275 PMCID: PMC10934188 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13051446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunity has evolved to balance the destructive nature of inflammation with wound healing to overcome trauma, infection, environmental insults, and rogue malignant cells. The inflammatory response is marked by overlapping phases of initiation, resolution, and post-resolution remodeling. However, the disruption of these events can lead to prolonged tissue damage and organ dysfunction, resulting long-term disease states. Macrophages are the archetypic phagocytes present within all tissues and are important contributors to these processes. Pleiotropic and highly plastic in their responses, macrophages support tissue homeostasis, repair, and regeneration, all while balancing immunologic self-tolerance with the clearance of noxious stimuli, pathogens, and malignant threats. Neuropilin-2 (Nrp2), a promiscuous co-receptor for growth factors, semaphorins, and integrins, has increasingly been recognized for its unique role in tissue homeostasis and immune regulation. Notably, recent studies have begun to elucidate the role of Nrp2 in both non-hematopoietic cells and macrophages with cardiothoracic disease. Herein, we describe the unique role of Nrp2 in diseases of the heart and lung, with an emphasis on Nrp2 in macrophages, and explore the potential to target Nrp2 as a therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeev Dhupar
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (R.D.); (H.M.U.)
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Surgical and Research Services, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA 15240, USA
| | - Amy A. Powers
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (R.D.); (H.M.U.)
| | - Seth H. Eisenberg
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (R.D.); (H.M.U.)
| | - Robert M. Gemmill
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA;
- Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Charles E. Bardawil
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (R.D.); (H.M.U.)
| | - Hannah M. Udoh
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (R.D.); (H.M.U.)
| | - Andrea Cubitt
- aTyr Pharma, San Diego, CA 92121, USA; (A.C.); (L.A.N.)
| | | | - Adam C. Soloff
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (R.D.); (H.M.U.)
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Surgical and Research Services, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA 15240, USA
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2
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Popescu RG, Dinischiotu A, Soare T, Vlase E, Marinescu GC. Nicotinamide Mononucleotide (NMN) Works in Type 2 Diabetes through Unexpected Effects in Adipose Tissue, Not by Mitochondrial Biogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2594. [PMID: 38473844 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) has emerged as a promising therapeutic intervention for age-related disorders, including type 2 diabetes. In this study, we confirmed the previously observed effects of NMN treatment on glucose uptake and investigated its underlying mechanisms in various tissues and cell lines. Through the most comprehensive proteomic analysis to date, we discovered a series of novel organ-specific effects responsible for glucose uptake as measured by the IPGTT: adipose tissue growing (suggested by increased protein synthesis and degradation and mTOR proliferation signaling upregulation). Notably, we observed the upregulation of thermogenic UCP1, promoting enhanced glucose conversion to heat in intermuscular adipose tissue while showing a surprising repressive effect on mitochondrial biogenesis in muscle and the brain. Additionally, liver and muscle cells displayed a unique response, characterized by spliceosome downregulation and concurrent upregulation of chaperones, proteasomes, and ribosomes, leading to mildly impaired and energy-inefficient protein synthesis machinery. Furthermore, our findings revealed remarkable metabolic rewiring in the brain. This involved increased production of ketone bodies, downregulation of mitochondrial OXPHOS and TCA cycle components, as well as the induction of well-known fasting-associated effects. Collectively, our data elucidate the multifaceted nature of NMN action, highlighting its organ-specific effects and their role in improving glucose uptake. These findings deepen our understanding of NMN's therapeutic potential and pave the way for novel strategies in managing metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roua Gabriela Popescu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
- Independent Research Association, 012416 Bucharest, Romania
- Blue Screen SRL, 012416 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anca Dinischiotu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Teodoru Soare
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 050097 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ene Vlase
- Animals Facility Laboratory, Cantacuzino National Institute for Medico-Military Research and Development, 013821 Bucharest, Romania
| | - George Cătălin Marinescu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
- Independent Research Association, 012416 Bucharest, Romania
- Blue Screen SRL, 012416 Bucharest, Romania
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3
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Islam R, Mishra J, Polavaram NS, Bhattacharya S, Hong Z, Bodas S, Sharma S, Bouska A, Gilbreath T, Said AM, Smith LM, Teply BA, Muders MH, Batra SK, Datta K, Dutta S. Neuropilin-2 axis in regulating secretory phenotype of neuroendocrine-like prostate cancer cells and its implication in therapy resistance. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111097. [PMID: 35858551 PMCID: PMC9362995 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroendocrine (NE)-like tumors secrete various signaling molecules to establish paracrine communication within the tumor milieu and to create a therapy-resistant environment. It is important to identify molecular mediators that regulate this secretory phenotype in NE-like cancer. The current study highlights the importance of a cell surface molecule, Neuropilin-2 (NRP2), for the secretory function of NE-like prostate cancer (PCa). Our analysis on different patient cohorts suggests that NRP2 is high in NE-like PCa. We have developed cell line models to investigate NRP2's role in NE-like PCa. Our bioinformatics, mass spectrometry, cytokine array, and other supporting experiments reveal that NRP2 regulates robust secretory phenotype in NE-like PCa and controls the secretion of factors promoting cancer cell survival. Depletion of NRP2 reduces the secretion of these factors and makes resistant cancer cells sensitive to chemotherapy in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, targeting NRP2 can revert cellular secretion and sensitize PCa cells toward therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ridwan Islam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, BCC, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Juhi Mishra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, BCC, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Navatha Shree Polavaram
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, BCC, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Sreyashi Bhattacharya
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, BCC, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Zhengdong Hong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, BCC, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Sanika Bodas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, BCC, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Sunandini Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, BCC, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Alyssa Bouska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, BCC, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Tyler Gilbreath
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, BCC, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Ahmed M Said
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ein-Helwan, Helwan, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Lynette M Smith
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, BCC, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Benjamin A Teply
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, BCC, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Michael H Muders
- Department of Prostate Cancer Research, Center for Pathology, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, BCC, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Kaustubh Datta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, BCC, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.
| | - Samikshan Dutta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, BCC, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.
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4
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Dutta S, Polavaram NS, Islam R, Bhattacharya S, Bodas S, Mayr T, Roy S, Albala SAY, Toma MI, Darehshouri A, Borkowetz A, Conrad S, Fuessel S, Wirth M, Baretton GB, Hofbauer LC, Ghosh P, Pienta KJ, Klinkebiel DL, Batra SK, Muders MH, Datta K. Neuropilin-2 regulates androgen-receptor transcriptional activity in advanced prostate cancer. Oncogene 2022; 41:3747-3760. [PMID: 35754042 PMCID: PMC9979947 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02382-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant transcriptional activity of androgen receptor (AR) is one of the dominant mechanisms for developing of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Analyzing AR-transcriptional complex related to CRPC is therefore important towards understanding the mechanism of therapy resistance. While studying its mechanism, we observed that a transmembrane protein called neuropilin-2 (NRP2) plays a contributory role in forming a novel AR-transcriptional complex containing nuclear pore proteins. Using immunogold electron microscopy, high-resolution confocal microscopy, chromatin immunoprecipitation, proteomics, and other biochemical techniques, we delineated the molecular mechanism of how a specific splice variant of NRP2 becomes sumoylated upon ligand stimulation and translocates to the inner nuclear membrane. This splice variant of NRP2 then stabilizes the complex between AR and nuclear pore proteins to promote CRPC specific gene expression. Both full-length and splice variants of AR have been identified in this specific transcriptional complex. In vitro cell line-based assays indicated that depletion of NRP2 not only destabilizes the AR-nuclear pore protein interaction but also inhibits the transcriptional activities of AR. Using an in vivo bone metastasis model, we showed that the inhibition of NRP2 led to the sensitization of CRPC cells toward established anti-AR therapies such as enzalutamide. Overall, our finding emphasize the importance of combinatorial inhibition of NRP2 and AR as an effective therapeutic strategy against treatment refractory prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samikshan Dutta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
| | - Navatha Shree Polavaram
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Ridwan Islam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Sreyashi Bhattacharya
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Sanika Bodas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Thomas Mayr
- Rudolf Becker Laboratory for Prostate Cancer Research, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Germany,Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Germany,Institute of Pathology, Technische Universitaet Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Sohini Roy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | | | - Marieta I. Toma
- Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Germany,Institute of Pathology, Technische Universitaet Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Anza Darehshouri
- Department of Cell Biology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Angelika Borkowetz
- Department of Urology, Technische Universitaet Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Stefanie Conrad
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine III, Technische Universitaet Dresden, Dresden, Germany,Center for Healthy Aging, Technische Universitaet Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Susanne Fuessel
- Department of Urology, Technische Universitaet Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Manfred Wirth
- Department of Urology, Technische Universitaet Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Gustavo B. Baretton
- Institute of Pathology, Technische Universitaet Dresden, Dresden, Germany,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Dresden and German Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany,Tumor and Normal Tissue Bank of the University Cancer Center (UCC), University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universitaet Dresden, Germany
| | - Lorenz C. Hofbauer
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine III, Technische Universitaet Dresden, Dresden, Germany,Center for Healthy Aging, Technische Universitaet Dresden, Dresden, Germany,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Dresden and German Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Paramita Ghosh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis
| | - Kenneth J. Pienta
- The Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - David L Klinkebiel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Surinder K. Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Michael H. Muders
- Rudolf Becker Laboratory for Prostate Cancer Research, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Germany,Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Germany,Institute of Pathology, Technische Universitaet Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Kaustubh Datta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
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5
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Islam R, Mishra J, Bodas S, Bhattacharya S, Batra SK, Dutta S, Datta K. Role of Neuropilin-2-mediated signaling axis in cancer progression and therapy resistance. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2022; 41:771-787. [PMID: 35776228 PMCID: PMC9247951 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-022-10048-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Neuropilins (NRPs) are transmembrane proteins involved in vascular and nervous system development by regulating angiogenesis and axon guidance cues. Several published reports have established their role in tumorigenesis. NRPs are detectable in tumor cells of several cancer types and participate in cancer progression. NRP2 is also expressed in endothelial and immune cells in the tumor microenvironment and promotes functions such as lymphangiogenesis and immune suppression important for cancer progression. In this review, we have taken a comprehensive approach to discussing various aspects of NRP2-signaling in cancer, including its regulation, functional significance in cancer progression, and how we could utilize our current knowledge to advance the studies and target NRP2 to develop effective cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ridwan Islam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Juhi Mishra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Sanika Bodas
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Sreyashi Bhattacharya
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Samikshan Dutta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
| | - Kaustubh Datta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
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6
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Rahman S, Vandewalle J, van Hamersveld PHP, Verseijden C, Welting O, Jongejan A, Casanova P, Meijer SL, Libert C, Hakvoort TBM, de Jonge WJ, Heinsbroek SEM. miR-511 Deficiency Protects Mice from Experimental Colitis by Reducing TLR3 and TLR4 Responses via WD Repeat and FYVE-Domain-Containing Protein 1. Cells 2021; 11:58. [PMID: 35011620 PMCID: PMC8750561 DOI: 10.3390/cells11010058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial responses play an important role in maintaining intestinal heath. Recently we reported that miR-511 may regulate TLR4 responses leading to enhanced intestinal inflammation. However, the exact mechanism remained unclear. In this study we investigated the effect of miR-511 deficiency on anti-microbial responses and DSS-induced intestinal inflammation. miR-511-deficient mice were protected from DSS-induced colitis as shown by significantly lower disease activity index, weight loss and histology scores in the miR-511-deficient group. Furthermore, reduced inflammatory cytokine responses were observed in colons of miR-511 deficient mice. In vitro studies with bone marrow-derived M2 macrophages showed reduced TLR3 and TLR4 responses in miR-511-deficient macrophages compared to WT macrophages. Subsequent RNA sequencing revealed Wdfy1 as the potential miR-511 target. WDFY1 deficiency is related to impaired TLR3/TLR4 immune responses and the expression was downregulated in miR-511-deficient macrophages and colons. Together, this study shows that miR-511 is involved in the regulation of intestinal inflammation through downstream regulation of TLR3 and TLR4 responses via Wdfy1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shafaque Rahman
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (S.R.); (P.H.P.v.H.); (C.V.); (O.W.); (P.C.); (T.B.M.H.); (S.E.M.H.)
| | - Jolien Vandewalle
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; (J.V.); (C.L.)
- VIB Centre for Inflammation Research, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Patricia H. P. van Hamersveld
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (S.R.); (P.H.P.v.H.); (C.V.); (O.W.); (P.C.); (T.B.M.H.); (S.E.M.H.)
| | - Caroline Verseijden
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (S.R.); (P.H.P.v.H.); (C.V.); (O.W.); (P.C.); (T.B.M.H.); (S.E.M.H.)
| | - Olaf Welting
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (S.R.); (P.H.P.v.H.); (C.V.); (O.W.); (P.C.); (T.B.M.H.); (S.E.M.H.)
| | - Aldo Jongejan
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Pierina Casanova
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (S.R.); (P.H.P.v.H.); (C.V.); (O.W.); (P.C.); (T.B.M.H.); (S.E.M.H.)
| | - Sybren L. Meijer
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Claude Libert
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; (J.V.); (C.L.)
- VIB Centre for Inflammation Research, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Theodorus B. M. Hakvoort
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (S.R.); (P.H.P.v.H.); (C.V.); (O.W.); (P.C.); (T.B.M.H.); (S.E.M.H.)
| | - Wouter J. de Jonge
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (S.R.); (P.H.P.v.H.); (C.V.); (O.W.); (P.C.); (T.B.M.H.); (S.E.M.H.)
- Department of Surgery, University of Bonn, 53113 Bonn, Germany
| | - Sigrid E. M. Heinsbroek
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (S.R.); (P.H.P.v.H.); (C.V.); (O.W.); (P.C.); (T.B.M.H.); (S.E.M.H.)
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7
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Frömel T, Naeem Z, Pirzeh L, Fleming I. Cytochrome P450-derived fatty acid epoxides and diols in angiogenesis and stem cell biology. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 234:108049. [PMID: 34848204 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.108049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes are frequently referred to as the third pathway for the metabolism of arachidonic acid. While it is true that these enzymes generate arachidonic acid epoxides i.e. the epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), they are able to accept a wealth of ω-3 and ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) to generate a large range of regio- and stereo-isomers with distinct biochemical properties and physiological actions. Probably the best studied are the EETs which have well documented effects on vascular reactivity and angiogenesis. CYP enzymes can also participate in crosstalk with other PUFA pathways and metabolize prostaglandin G2 and H2, which are the precursors of effector prostaglandins, to affect macrophage function and lymphangiogenesis. The activity of the PUFA epoxides is thought to be kept in check by the activity of epoxide hydrolases. However, rather than being inactive, the diols generated have been shown to regulate neutrophil activation, stem and progenitor cell proliferation and Notch signaling in addition to acting as exercise-induced lipokines. Excessive production of PUFA diols has also been implicated in pathologies such as severe respiratory distress syndromes, including COVID-19, and diabetic retinopathy. This review highlights some of the recent findings related to this pathway that affect angiogenesis and stem cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timo Frömel
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Zumer Naeem
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Lale Pirzeh
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ingrid Fleming
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Partner Site Rhein-Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; The Cardio-Pulmonary Institute, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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8
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Polavaram NS, Dutta S, Islam R, Bag AK, Roy S, Poitz D, Karnes J, Hofbauer LC, Kohli M, Costello BA, Jimenez R, Batra SK, Teply BA, Muders MH, Datta K. Tumor- and osteoclast-derived NRP2 in prostate cancer bone metastases. Bone Res 2021; 9:24. [PMID: 33990538 PMCID: PMC8121836 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-021-00136-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the role of neuropilin 2 (NRP2) in prostate cancer cells as well as in the bone microenvironment is pivotal in the development of an effective targeted therapy for the treatment of prostate cancer bone metastasis. We observed a significant upregulation of NRP2 in prostate cancer cells metastasized to bone. Here, we report that targeting NRP2 in cancer cells can enhance taxane-based chemotherapy with a better therapeutic outcome in bone metastasis, implicating NRP2 as a promising therapeutic target. Since, osteoclasts present in the tumor microenvironment express NRP2, we have investigated the potential effect of targeting NRP2 in osteoclasts. Our results revealed NRP2 negatively regulates osteoclast differentiation and function in the presence of prostate cancer cells that promotes mixed bone lesions. Our study further delineated the molecular mechanisms by which NRP2 regulates osteoclast function. Interestingly, depletion of NRP2 in osteoclasts in vivo showed a decrease in the overall prostate tumor burden in the bone. These results therefore indicate that targeting NRP2 in prostate cancer cells as well as in the osteoclastic compartment can be beneficial in the treatment of prostate cancer bone metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navatha Shree Polavaram
- Department of Microbiology and Pathology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Samikshan Dutta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Ridwan Islam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Arup K Bag
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Sohini Roy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - David Poitz
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Lorenz C Hofbauer
- Center for Healthy Aging and Bone Lab Dresden, Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Manish Kohli
- School of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | | | - Raffael Jimenez
- Division of Anatomic Pathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Benjamin A Teply
- Internal Medicine, Division of Oncology & Hematology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Michael H Muders
- Rudolf- Becker Laboratory for Prostate Cancer Research, Institute of Pathology, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Kaustubh Datta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
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9
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Cyp2c44 regulates prostaglandin synthesis, lymphangiogenesis, and metastasis in a mouse model of breast cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:5923-5930. [PMID: 32123095 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1921381117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Arachidonic acid epoxides generated by cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes have been linked to increased tumor growth and metastasis, largely on the basis of overexpression studies and the application of exogenous epoxides. Here we studied tumor growth and metastasis in Cyp2c44-/- mice crossed onto the polyoma middle T oncogene (PyMT) background. The resulting PyMT2c44 mice developed more primary tumors earlier than PyMT mice, with increased lymph and lung metastasis. Primary tumors from Cyp2c44-deficient mice contained higher numbers of tumor-associated macrophages, as well as more lymphatic endothelial cells than tumors from PyMT mice. While epoxide and diol levels were comparable in tumors from both genotypes, prostaglandin (PG) levels were higher in the PyMTΔ2c44 tumors. This could be accounted for by the finding that Cyp2c44 metabolized the PG precursor, PGH2 to 12(S)-hydroxyheptadeca-5Z,8E,10E-trienoic acid (12-HHT), thus effectively reducing levels of effector PGs (including PGE2). Next, proteomic analyses revealed an up-regulation of WD repeating domain FYVE1 (WDFY1) in tumors from PyMTΔ2c44 mice, a phenomenon that was reproduced in Cyp2c44-deficient macrophages as well as by PGE2 Mechanistically, WDFY1 was involved in Toll-like receptor signaling, and its down-regulation in human monocytes attenuated the LPS-induced phosphorylation of IFN regulatory factor 3 and nuclear factor-κB. Taken together, our results indicate that Cyp2c44 protects against tumor growth and metastasis by preventing the synthesis of PGE2 The latter eicosanoid influenced macrophages at least in part by enhancing Toll-like receptor signaling via the up-regulation of WDFY1.
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10
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A Humanized Yeast Phenomic Model of Deoxycytidine Kinase to Predict Genetic Buffering of Nucleoside Analog Cytotoxicity. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10100770. [PMID: 31575041 PMCID: PMC6826991 DOI: 10.3390/genes10100770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowledge about synthetic lethality can be applied to enhance the efficacy of anticancer therapies in individual patients harboring genetic alterations in their cancer that specifically render it vulnerable. We investigated the potential for high-resolution phenomic analysis in yeast to predict such genetic vulnerabilities by systematic, comprehensive, and quantitative assessment of drug–gene interaction for gemcitabine and cytarabine, substrates of deoxycytidine kinase that have similar molecular structures yet distinct antitumor efficacy. Human deoxycytidine kinase (dCK) was conditionally expressed in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae genomic library of knockout and knockdown (YKO/KD) strains, to globally and quantitatively characterize differential drug–gene interaction for gemcitabine and cytarabine. Pathway enrichment analysis revealed that autophagy, histone modification, chromatin remodeling, and apoptosis-related processes influence gemcitabine specifically, while drug–gene interaction specific to cytarabine was less enriched in gene ontology. Processes having influence over both drugs were DNA repair and integrity checkpoints and vesicle transport and fusion. Non-gene ontology (GO)-enriched genes were also informative. Yeast phenomic and cancer cell line pharmacogenomics data were integrated to identify yeast–human homologs with correlated differential gene expression and drug efficacy, thus providing a unique resource to predict whether differential gene expression observed in cancer genetic profiles are causal in tumor-specific responses to cytotoxic agents.
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11
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Ning F, Li X, Yu L, Zhang B, Zhao Y, Liu Y, Zhao B, Shang Y, Hu X. Hes1 attenuates type I IFN responses via VEGF-C and WDFY1. J Exp Med 2019; 216:1396-1410. [PMID: 31015298 PMCID: PMC6547865 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20180861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcription factor Hes1 acts as a homeostatic negative regulator of type I interferon production to restrain interferon-mediated immune responses, including antiviral immunity and autoimmune conditions. Mechanistically, Hes1 suppresses interferon expression by targeting a regulatory circuit composed of WDFY1 and VEGF-C. Induction of type I interferons (IFNs) is critical for eliciting competent immune responses, especially antiviral immunity. However, uncontrolled IFN production contributes to pathogenesis of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. We found that transcription factor Hes1 suppressed production of type I IFNs and expression of IFN-stimulated genes. Functionally, Hes1-deficient mice displayed a heightened IFN signature in vivo, mounted enhanced resistance against encephalomyocarditis virus infection, and showed signs of exacerbated experimental lupus nephritis. Mechanistically, Hes1 did not suppress IFNs via direct transcriptional repression of IFN-encoding genes. Instead, Hes1 attenuated activation of TLR upstream signaling by inhibition of an adaptor molecule, WDFY1. Genome-wide assessment of Hes1 occupancy revealed that suppression of WDFY1 was secondary to direct binding and thus enhancement of expression of VEGF-C by Hes1, making Vegfc a rare example of an Hes1 positively regulated gene. In summary, these results identified Hes1 as a homeostatic negative regulator of type I IFNs for the maintenance of immune balance in the context of antiviral immunity and autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Ning
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Li Yu
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yuna Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control & Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Medical Research Institute, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Baohong Zhao
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY.,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - Yingli Shang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control & Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Xiaoyu Hu
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China .,Beijing Key Laboratory for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Beijing, China
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12
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Phytochemicals Targeting VEGF and VEGF-Related Multifactors as Anticancer Therapy. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8030350. [PMID: 30871059 PMCID: PMC6462934 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8030350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in cancer cells is not limited to angiogenesis; there are also multiple factors, such as neuropilins (non-tyrosine kinases receptors), tyrosine kinases receptors, immunodeficiencies, and integrins, that interact with VEGF signaling and cause cancer initiation. By combating these factors, tumor progression can be inhibited or limited. Natural products are sources of several bioactive phytochemicals that can interact with VEGF-promoting factors and inhibit them through various signaling pathways, thereby inhibiting cancer growth. This review provides a deeper understanding of the relation and interaction of VEGF with cancer-promoting factors and phytochemicals in order to develop multi-targeted cancer prevention and treatment.
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13
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PRDX6 Inhibits Neurogenesis through Downregulation of WDFY1-Mediated TLR4 Signal. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 56:3132-3144. [PMID: 30097850 PMCID: PMC6476867 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1287-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Impaired neurogenesis has been associated with several brain disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD). The role of peroxiredoxin 6 (PRDX6) in neurodegenerative diseases is very controversial. To demonstrate the role of PRDX6 in neurogenesis, we compared the neurogenesis ability of PRDX6-overexpressing transgenic (Tg) mice and wild-type mice and studied the involved molecular mechanisms. We showed that the neurogenesis of neural stem cells (NSCs) and the expression of the marker protein were lower in PRDX6 Tg-mice than in wild-type mice. To determine the factors involved in PRDX6-related neural stem cell impairment, we performed a microarray experiment. We showed that the expression of WDFY1 was dramatically decreased in PRDX6-Tg mice. Moreover, WDFY1 siRNA decreases the differentiation ability of primary neural stem cells. Interestingly, WDFY1 reportedly recruits the signaling adaptor TIR-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β (TRIF) to toll-like receptors (TLRs); thus, we showed the relationship among TLRs, PRDX6, and WDFY1. We showed that TLR4 was dramatically reduced in PRDX6 Tg mice, and reduced TLR4 expression and neurogenesis was reversed by the introduction of WDFY1 plasmid in the neural stem cells from PRDX6 Tg mice. This study indicated that PRDX6 inhibits the neurogenesis of neural precursor cells through TLR4-dependent downregulation of WDFY1 and suggested that the inhibitory effect of PRDX6 on neurogenesis play a role in the development of neurodegenerative diseases in the PRDX6 overexpressing transgenic mice.
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14
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Liu B, Yang H, Taher L, Denz A, Grützmann R, Pilarsky C, Weber GF. Identification of Prognostic Biomarkers by Combined mRNA and miRNA Expression Microarray Analysis in Pancreatic Cancer. Transl Oncol 2018; 11:700-714. [PMID: 29631214 PMCID: PMC6154866 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is the fourth leading cause for cancer-related death, and early diagnosis is one key to improve the survival rate of this disease. Molecular biomarkers are an important method for diagnostic use in pancreatic cancer. We used data from three mRNA microarray datasets and a microRNA dataset (GSE16515, GSE15471, GSE28735, and GSE41372) to identify potential key genes. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and microRNAs (DEMs) were identified. Functional, pathway enrichment, and protein-protein interaction analyses were performed on common DEGs across all datasets. The target genes of the DEMs were identified. DEMs targets that were also DEGs were further scrutinized using overall survival analysis. A total of 236 DEGs and 21 DEMs were identified. There were a total of four DEGs (ECT2, NR5A2, NRP2, and TGFBI), which were also predicted target genes of DEMs. Overall survival analysis showed that high expression levels of three of these genes (ECT2, NRP2, and TGFBI) were associated with poor overall survival for pancreatic cancer patients. The basic expression of DEGs in pancreas stood lower level in various organ tissues. The expression of ECT2 and NRP2 was higher in different pancreatic cancer cell lines than normal pancreas cell line. Knockout of ECT2 by Crispr Cas9 gene editing system decreased proliferation and migration ability in pancreatic cancer cell line MiaPaCa2. In conclusion, we think that data mining method can do well in biomarker screening, and ECT2 and NRP2 can play as potential biomarker or therapy target by Crispr Cas9 in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Krankenhausstraße 12, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hai Yang
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Krankenhausstraße 12, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Leila Taher
- Division of Bioinformatics, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Axel Denz
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Krankenhausstraße 12, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Robert Grützmann
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Krankenhausstraße 12, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christian Pilarsky
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Krankenhausstraße 12, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Georg F Weber
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Krankenhausstraße 12, Erlangen, Germany
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15
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Cyclosporin A induces autophagy in cardiac fibroblasts through the NRP-2/WDFY-1 axis. Biochimie 2018; 148:55-62. [PMID: 29501733 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2018.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Cyclosporin A (CsA) is an effective immunosuppressive agent, but its myocardial toxicity limits its widespread and long-term clinical application. In this study, CsA treatment led to damages in myocardial fiber structure, an increase in myocardial fibrosis, and changes in heart size and shape; moreover, the degree of damage was exacerbated with prolonged drug application and increases in dose. However, the mechanism is not clear; therefore, the purpose of this study was to reveal the mechanism of CsA-induced myocardial fibrosis and identify a new target for the prevention and treatment of CsA-induced myocardial injury. Cardiac fibroblasts were treated with CsA (5, 10, or 20 μg/mL) for 24 h. Autophagy was observed by electron microscopy and immunofluorescence. The expression of NRP-2/WDFY-1, autophagy-related proteins (Beclin1 and LC3B), fibrosis-related proteins (MMP2/9), and fibroblast phenotype conversion factor (α-SMA) was evaluated by Western blot. The expression of collagen I was determined by ELISA. Then, we used the gene interference technique to alter WDFY-1 expression with or without CsA or 3-MA treatment for 24 h, and the effects on autophagy and the expression of autophagy-related proteins, fibrosis-associated proteins, IFN-α, TNF-α, and IL-6 were determined. The results showed the following: (1) CsA induced fibrosis-related protein (MMP2/9), fibroblast phenotype conversion factor (α-SMA), and collagen I up-regulation in a dose-dependent manner. (2) CsA induced the formation of autophagosomes and up-regulated the expression of Beclin1, LC3B, and the ERK/MAPK pathway in cardiac fibroblasts. (3) CsA induced NRP-2 down-regulation and WDFY-1 up-regulation. (4) Depletion of WDFY-1 inhibited CsA-induced autophagy, TNF-α and IFN-α up-regulation, and fibrosis. (5) The autophagy inhibitor 3-MA inhibited CsA-induced TNF-α and IFN-α up-regulation and fibrosis. Overall, cyclosporin A induces autophagy in cardiac fibroblasts through the NRP-2/WDFY-1 axis, which promotes the progression of myocardial fibrosis.
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16
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Morgan R, Keen J, Halligan D, O’Callaghan A, Andrew R, Livingstone D, Abernethie A, Maltese G, Walker B, Hadoke P. Species-specific regulation of angiogenesis by glucocorticoids reveals contrasting effects on inflammatory and angiogenic pathways. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0192746. [PMID: 29447208 PMCID: PMC5813970 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids are potent inhibitors of angiogenesis in the rodent in vivo and in vitro but the mechanism by which this occurs has not been determined. Administration of glucocorticoids is used to treat a number of conditions in horses but the angiogenic response of equine vessels to glucocorticoids and, therefore, the potential role of glucocorticoids in pathogenesis and treatment of equine disease, is unknown. This study addressed the hypothesis that glucocorticoids would be angiostatic both in equine and murine blood vessels.The mouse aortic ring model of angiogenesis was adapted to assess the effects of cortisol in equine vessels. Vessel rings were cultured under basal conditions or exposed to: foetal bovine serum (FBS; 3%); cortisol (600 nM), cortisol (600nM) plus FBS (3%), cortisol (600nM) plus either the glucocorticoid receptor antagonist RU486 or the mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist spironolactone. In murine aortae cortisol inhibited and FBS stimulated new vessel growth. In contrast, in equine blood vessels FBS alone had no effect but cortisol alone, or in combination with FBS, dramatically increased new vessel growth compared with controls. This effect was blocked by glucocorticoid receptor antagonism but not by mineralocorticoid antagonism. The transcriptomes of murine and equine angiogenesis demonstrated cortisol-induced down-regulation of inflammatory pathways in both species but up-regulation of pro-angiogenic pathways selectively in the horse. Genes up-regulated in the horse and down-regulated in mice were associated with the extracellular matrix. These data call into question our understanding of glucocorticoids as angiostatic in every species and may be of clinical relevance in the horse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Morgan
- University/ BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - John Keen
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Halligan
- Fios Genomics Ltd, Nine Edinburgh Bioquarter, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Alan O’Callaghan
- Fios Genomics Ltd, Nine Edinburgh Bioquarter, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Ruth Andrew
- University/ BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Dawn Livingstone
- University/ BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Amber Abernethie
- University/ BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Giorgia Maltese
- University/ BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Brian Walker
- University/ BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick Hadoke
- University/ BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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17
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Rojo AI, Pajares M, Rada P, Nuñez A, Nevado-Holgado AJ, Killik R, Van Leuven F, Ribe E, Lovestone S, Yamamoto M, Cuadrado A. NRF2 deficiency replicates transcriptomic changes in Alzheimer's patients and worsens APP and TAU pathology. Redox Biol 2017; 13:444-451. [PMID: 28704727 PMCID: PMC5508523 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2017.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Failure to translate successful neuroprotective preclinical data to a clinical setting in Alzheimer's disease (AD) indicates that amyloidopathy and tauopathy alone provide an incomplete view of disease. We have tested here the relevance of additional homeostatic deviations that result from loss of activity of transcription factor NRF2, a crucial regulator of multiple stress responses whose activity declines with ageing. A transcriptomic analysis demonstrated that NRF2-KO mouse brains reproduce 7 and 10 of the most dysregulated pathways of human ageing and AD brains, respectively. Then, we generated a mouse that combines amyloidopathy and tauopathy with either wild type (AT-NRF2-WT) or NRF2-deficiency (AT-NRF2-KO). AT-NRF2-KO brains presented increased markers of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation as well as higher levels of insoluble phosphorylated-TAU and Aβ*56 compared to AT-NRF2-WT mice. Young adult AT-NRF2-KO mice exhibited deficits in spatial learning and memory and reduced long term potentiation in the perforant pathway. This study demonstrates the relevance of normal homeostatic responses that decline with ageing, such as NRF2 activity, in the protection against proteotoxic, inflammatory and oxidative stress and provide a new strategy to fight AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana I Rojo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), ISCIII. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" UAM-CSIC. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz (IdiPaz), and Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Marta Pajares
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), ISCIII. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" UAM-CSIC. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz (IdiPaz), and Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Rada
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" UAM-CSIC. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz (IdiPaz); and Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Angel Nuñez
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Neuroscience, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Richard Killik
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, The Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Camberwell, London, UK
| | - Fred Van Leuven
- Experimental Genetics Group-LEGTEGG, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Elena Ribe
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, OX3 7JX UK
| | - Simon Lovestone
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, OX3 7JX UK
| | - Masayuki Yamamoto
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Antonio Cuadrado
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), ISCIII. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" UAM-CSIC. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz (IdiPaz), and Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Cellular and Molecular Medicine Department, Radiobiology Laboratory, "Victor Babes" National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania.
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18
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131I-labeled monoclonal antibody targeting neuropilin receptor type-2 for tumor SPECT imaging. Int J Oncol 2016; 50:649-659. [PMID: 28000859 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
As a co-receptor for vascular endothelial growth factor‑3 (VEGF‑3), neuropilin receptor type‑2 (NRP‑2) plays a central role in lymphangiogenesis and angiogenesis. Recently, mounting data of evidence show that NRP‑2 is overexpressed in several human cancers, and its overexpression is often associated with poor prognosis. Therefore, it is necessary for us to develop an affinity reagent for noninvasive imaging of NRP‑2 expression because it may be possible to provide early cancer diagnosis, more accurate prognosis, and better treatment planning. Due to their high affinity, and specificity, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have been considered attractive candidates for targeted cancer therapy and diagnostics. We recently generated and validated a monoclonal antibody that specifically binds NRP‑2 b1b2 domain with no cross‑reactivity to NRP‑1 b1b2 domain, also known to be overexpressed in a variety of cancers. Here, we developed a single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) probe for imaging NRP‑2- positive tumors. Anti‑NRP‑2 monoclonal antibodies were prepared by hybridomas and were labeled with iodine‑131 by chloramine‑T method. The in vitro physicochemical properties of 131I‑anti‑NRP‑2 mAb was determined. Binding affinity and specificity of 131I‑anti‑NRP‑2 mAb to NRP‑2 were assessed using human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells. Biodistribution and SPECT studies were performed in mice bearing A549 tumor xenografts to evaluate the in vivo performance of 131I‑anti‑NRP‑2 mAb. The preparation of anti‑NRP‑2 mAb was completed successfully by hybridoma with high purity (>95%) and specific for NRP‑2 b1b2 domain, but not NRP‑1 b1b2 domain. The radiosynthesis of 131I‑anti‑NRP‑2 mAb was completed successfully within 60 min with high labelling efficiency (94.69±3.63%), and radiochemical purity (98.56±0.48%). The resulting probe, 131I‑anti‑NRP‑2 mAb displayed excellent stability in PBS solution during 24-72 h. 131I‑anti‑NRP‑2 mAb showed high binding affinity with A549 cells (96.6±1.44 nM). In vivo biodistribution and SPECT studies demonstrated targeting of A549 glioma xenografts was NRP‑2 specific. The tumor uptake was 5.86±0.27% ID/g at 6 h, and kept at high level of 4.64±0.82% ID/g at 72 h‑post‑injection. The tumor to contralateral muscle ratio (T/NT) was 2.08±0.33 at 6 h, and reached the highest level of 3.83±0.18 at 72 h after injection. SPECT imaging studies revealed that 131I‑anti‑NRP‑2 mAb could clearly identify A549 tumors with good contrast, especially at 48‑72 h after injection. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that 131I‑anti‑NRP‑2 mAb exhibited highly selective uptake in NRP‑2‑expressing tumors, and may provide a promising SPECT probe for imaging NRP‑2 positive tumors.
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