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O’Sharkey K, Xu Y, Cabison J, Rosales M, Chavez T, Johnson M, Yang T, Cho SH, Chartier R, Lerner D, Lurvey N, Toledo Corral CM, Cockburn M, Franklin M, Farzan SF, Bastain TM, Breton CV, Habre R. A Comparison of Measured Airborne and Self-Reported Secondhand Smoke Exposure in the MADRES Pregnancy Cohort Study. Nicotine Tob Res 2024; 26:669-677. [PMID: 37846518 PMCID: PMC11109487 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntad202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure during pregnancy is linked to adverse birth outcomes, such as low birth weight and preterm birth. While questionnaires are commonly used to assess SHS exposure, their ability to capture true exposure can vary, making it difficult for researchers to harmonize SHS measures. This study aimed to compare self-reported SHS exposure with measurements of airborne SHS in personal samples of pregnant women. METHODS SHS was measured on 48-hour integrated personal PM2.5 Teflon filters collected from 204 pregnant women, and self-reported SHS exposure measures were obtained via questionnaires. Descriptive statistics were calculated for airborne SHS measures, and analysis of variance tests assessed group differences in airborne SHS concentrations by self-reported SHS exposure. RESULTS Participants were 81% Hispanic, with a mean (standard deviation [SD]) age of 28.2 (6.0) years. Geometric mean (SD) personal airborne SHS concentrations were 0.14 (9.41) µg/m3. Participants reporting lower education have significantly higher airborne SHS exposure (p = .015). Mean airborne SHS concentrations were greater in those reporting longer duration with windows open in the home. There was no association between airborne SHS and self-reported SHS exposure; however, asking about the number of smokers nearby in the 48-hour monitoring period was most correlated with measured airborne SHS (Two + smokers: 0.30 µg/m3 vs. One: 0.12 µg/m3 and Zero: 0.15 µg/m3; p = .230). CONCLUSIONS Self-reported SHS exposure was not associated with measured airborne SHS in personal PM2.5 samples. This suggests exposure misclassification using SHS questionnaires and the need for harmonized and validated questions to characterize this exposure in health studies. IMPLICATIONS This study adds to the growing body of evidence that measurement error is a major concern in pregnancy research, particularly in studies that rely on self-report questionnaires to measure SHS exposure. The study introduces an alternative method of SHS exposure assessment using objective optical measurements, which can help improve the accuracy of exposure assessment. The findings emphasize the importance of using harmonized and validated SHS questionnaires in pregnancy health research to avoid biased effect estimates. This study can inform future research, practice, and policy development to reduce SHS exposure and its adverse health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl O’Sharkey
- Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yan Xu
- Spatial Sciences Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jane Cabison
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Marisela Rosales
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Thomas Chavez
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mark Johnson
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Tingyu Yang
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Seung-Hyun Cho
- Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Ryan Chartier
- Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | | | | | - Claudia M Toledo Corral
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Health Sciences, California State University Northridge, Northridge, CA, USA
| | - Myles Cockburn
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Meredith Franklin
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Statistical Sciences, School of the Environment, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shohreh F Farzan
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Theresa M Bastain
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Carrie V Breton
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Rima Habre
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Spatial Sciences Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Yamashita M, Yorifuji T, Matsumoto N, Kubo T, Tsukahara H. Early childhood exposure to maternal smoking and obesity: A nationwide longitudinal survey in Japan. Clin Obes 2022; 13:e12572. [PMID: 36504321 DOI: 10.1111/cob.12572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Involuntary exposure to tobacco smoke is suspected to be one of the risks factors that are associated with obesity in children. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between early childhood exposure to tobacco smoke and the risk of obesity and overweight in Japan. This study utilized a nationwide, population-based longitudinal survey. The participants were restricted to 32 081 children who had available information on maternal smoking history as well as childhood height and weight. We conducted a binomial log-linear regression analysis with children of non-smoking mothers as the reference group. The children with mothers who were smokers had a higher risk of developing obesity or being overweight compared to the children with mothers who were nonsmokers. The risk ratios were 1.20 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.09-1.32) for overweight and 1.17 (95% CI: 0.95-1.44) for obesity. Early exposure to maternal smoking increases the risk of being overweight and having obesity during childhood. The increased risk is more pronounced among children with mothers, smoked heavily, or parents, who were smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miho Yamashita
- Department of Foods and Human Nutrition Faculty of Human Life Sciences, Notre Dame Seishin University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Takashi Yorifuji
- Department of Epidemiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Naomi Matsumoto
- Department of Epidemiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Toshihide Kubo
- Department of Pediatrics, National Hospital Organization, Okayama Medical Center, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Tsukahara
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
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Ji X, Yue H, Li G, Sang N. Maternal smoking-induced lung injuries in dams and offspring via inflammatory cytokines. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 156:106618. [PMID: 33989842 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Maternal smoking during pregnancy can induce permanent changes in neonatal inflammation, which will result in lifelong implications. An original study of data from GSE96978, composed of 2 subseries (GSE96976 and GSE96977), investigated genome-wide changes in ELT cells, the lungs of mouse dams and their juvenile offspring and focused on finding an in vitro alternative as a human tissue-based replacement for the use of animals. Therefore, the study only analyzed the similarities of GO terms between ELT cells and dams. However, the relationship between differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in dams and offspring was not investigated. The present study aimed to identify the key molecules involved in maternal smoking-induced dam and offspring lung injuries. Data from GSE96977 were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) data sets. In our study, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in dams and offspring were reanalyzed using the limma package. The results of Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) showed that the DEGs in the lungs of dams were significantly enriched in immune-related functions and those in the lungs of offspring were enriched in cell growth. Furthermore, a total of 90 DEGs shared in the dam and offspring datasets were screened out. In addition, most of these DEGs were enriched in cytokine and cytokine receptor interaction KEGG pathways. Furthermore, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis screened out 4 core genes in cluster 1. In addition, the miRNAs related to these core genes were predicted, and mmu-miR-1903 was screened out. Taken together, our data indicate that inflammatory responses may play an important role in maternal smoking induced lung injuries in dams and offspring. Furthermore, mmu-miR-1903 is a potential epigenetic biomarker of lung inflammation in the offspring of dams who smoked during pregnancy. In conclusion, by screening shared differential genes, we only need to detect maternal genes to predict maternal smoking-induced lung injuries in offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Ji
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China
| | - Huifeng Yue
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China.
| | - Guangke Li
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Nan Sang
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China
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Takeda Y, Michikawa T, Morokuma S, Yamazaki S, Nakahara K, Yoshino A, Sugata S, Takami A, Saito S, Hoshi J, Kato K, Nitta H, Nishiwaki Y. Trimester-Specific Association of Maternal Exposure to Fine Particulate Matter and its Components With Birth and Placental Weight in Japan. J Occup Environ Med 2021; 63:771-778. [PMID: 34491964 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We investigated which trimester of exposure to PM2.5 and its components was associated with birth and placental weight, and the fetoplacental weight ratio. METHODS The study included 63,990 women who delivered singleton term births within 23 Tokyo wards between 2013 and 2015. Each day, we collected fine particles on a filter, and analyzed their chemical constituents, including carbons and ions. Trimester-specific exposure to each pollutant was estimated based on the average daily concentrations. RESULTS Over the third trimester, sulfate exposure tended to be inversely associated with birth weight, and decreased placental weight (difference for highest vs lowest quintile groups = -6.7 g, 95% confidence interval = -12.5 to -0.9). For fetoplacental weight ratio, there was no relationship. CONCLUSIONS Sulfate exposure over the third trimester may reduce birth weight, particularly placental weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Takeda
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Toho University Graduate School of Medicine, 5-21-16 Omori-nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo 143-8540, Japan (Dr Takeda, Dr Michikawa, and Dr Nishiwaki); Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Medicine, Toho University, 5-21-16 Omori-nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo 143-8540, Japan (Dr Michikawa and Dr Nishiwaki); Department of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan (Dr Morokuma); Health and Environmental Risk Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan (Dr Yamazaki and Dr Nitta); Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan (Dr Nakahara and Dr Kato); Regional Environment Conservation Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan (Dr Yoshino, Dr Sugata, and Dr Takami); Tokyo Metropolitan Research Institute for Environmental Protection, 1-7-5 Shinsuna, Koto-ku, Tokyo 136-0075, Japan (Dr Saito and Dr Hoshi)
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5
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Zhou H, Sun X, Wang Y, Ye Y, Chen H, Chen Q, He G, Wang J, Liu X, Dong M, Chen D, Chen G, Yuan L, Xiao J, Hu J, Zeng W, Rong Z, Zhang Q, Zhou M, Guo L, Lv Y, Fan J, Pu Y, Ma W, Zhang B, Liu T. The Mediating Role of Placental Weight Change in the Association Between Prenatal Exposure to Thallium and Birth Weight: A Prospective Birth Cohort Study. Front Public Health 2021; 9:679406. [PMID: 34277546 PMCID: PMC8283527 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.679406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Previous studies have demonstrated the embryotoxicity and fetotoxicity of thallium (Tl). However, the effects of prenatal exposure to Tl on birth weight and placental weight and the mediating role of placental weight in the association of Tl with birth weight remain unclear. Methods: We recruited 2,748 participants from the ongoing Prenatal Environment and Offspring Health Cohort (PEOH Cohort) study, which was initiated in 2016 in Guangzhou, China. The Tl concentrations in maternal urine samples collected during the first and third trimester were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Birth weight and placental weight were extracted from maternal medical records. Results: Pregnant women exposed to the highest tertile of Tl in the first trimester (β = −42.7 g, 95% CI: −82.3, −3.1 g) and third trimester (β = −50.6 g, 95% CI: −99.0, −2.3 g) had babies with lower birth weights than those exposed to the lowest tertile. We also found significant negative associations of exposure to Tl concentrations in the first and third trimester with placental weight. Mediation analyses showed that 50.3% (95% CI: 15.9, 79.2%) and 33.5% (95% CI: 1.3, 80.3%) of the effects of Tl exposure in the first and third trimester on birth weight were mediated by decreased placental weight. Conclusion: Our results suggest that prenatal exposure to Tl is negatively associated with birth weight and that this association may be mediated by decreased placental weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Zhou
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoli Sun
- Gynecology Department, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiding Wang
- Food Safety and Health Research Center, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yufeng Ye
- Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hanwei Chen
- Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingsong Chen
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guanhao He
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Moran Dong
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China.,School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dengzhou Chen
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guimin Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China.,School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lixia Yuan
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China.,School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianpeng Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianxiong Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weilin Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zuhua Rong
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- Food Safety and Health Research Center, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengya Zhou
- Food Safety and Health Research Center, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingchuan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanyun Lv
- Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Jiangmen, China
| | - Jingjie Fan
- Department of Prevention and Health Care, Shenzhen Maternity & Child Health Care Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yudong Pu
- Songshan Lake Central Hospital of Dongguan City, Dongguan, China
| | - Wenjun Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Food Safety and Health Research Center, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Liu
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China.,School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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6
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Wang J, Qian R, Wang Y, Dong M, Liu X, Zhou H, Ye Y, Chen G, Chen D, Yuan L, Xiao J, He G, Hu J, Zeng W, Rong Z, Zhang Q, Zhou M, Jin J, Fan J, Sun J, Ma W, Zhang B, Liu T. The mediation effect of placental weight change in the association between prenatal exposure to selenium and birth weight: Evidence from a prospective birth cohort study in China. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 5:e139. [PMID: 33870013 PMCID: PMC8043733 DOI: 10.1097/ee9.0000000000000139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Selenium (Se) is an essential element and also toxic at an excessive level for human body. However, few studies have investigated adverse effects of Se exposure on birth weight and placental weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China.,School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Qian
- Statistical Information Center for Health and Family Planning Bureau of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Yiding Wang
- Food Safety and Health Research Center, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Moran Dong
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China.,School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - He Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China.,School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yufeng Ye
- Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guimin Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China.,School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dengzhou Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China.,School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lixia Yuan
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China.,School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianpeng Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guanhao He
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianxiong Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weilin Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zuhua Rong
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- Food Safety and Health Research Center, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengya Zhou
- Food Safety and Health Research Center, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juan Jin
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingjie Fan
- Department of Prevention and Health Care, Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiufeng Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjun Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China.,School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Food Safety and Health Research Center, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China.,School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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Prince PM, Umman M, Fathima FN, Johnson AR. Secondhand Smoke Exposure during Pregnancy and its Effect on Birth Outcomes: Evidence from a Retrospective Cohort Study in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Bengaluru. Indian J Community Med 2021; 46:102-106. [PMID: 34035587 PMCID: PMC8117891 DOI: 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_464_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Context: The effect of maternal smoking on birth outcomes is well-established, but the effect of maternal secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure is less clear, especially among Indian women. Aim: To evaluate the effect of SHS exposure during pregnancy on birth outcomes such as gestational age at birth, neonatal anthropometry, and Apgar score. Setting and Design: Retrospective cohort study at a tertiary hospital in Bengaluru. Methods: 208 postnatal mothers: 104 each in “exposed” and “nonexposed” group, based on the history of SHS exposure during pregnancy. Sociodemographic and obstetric details were obtained by interview schedule and birth outcomes were obtained from patient charts. Statistical Analysis: Association of SHS exposure with birth outcomes was analyzed using inferential statistics such as Chi-square, t-test, and Mann–Whitney U-test, whereas the strength of association was expressed as relative risk with 95% confidence intervals. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: SHS exposed and nonexposed groups were comparable with regard to potentially confounding socioeconomic and obstetric covariates. Babies born to SHS-exposed mothers had significantly lower mean birth weight, mean birth length, and mean birth head circumference by 172.5 g (P = 0.027), 1.6 cm (P = 0.001), and 1.1 cm (P = 0.001), respectively. Conclusion: Mothers exposed to SHS during pregnancy were twice likely to deliver low birth weight babies (relative risk [RR] = 1.9 [1.0–3.6], P = 0.02) and babies of low birth length (RR = 2.64 [1.4–4.6], P = 0.001) than unexposed mothers. With a significant risk of adverse birth outcomes found among mothers exposed to SHS during pregnancy, it is important that a “no tobacco smoke” environment at home should be recommended for pregnant women and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Mary Prince
- Department of Community Health, St. John's Medical College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Marciya Umman
- Department of Community Health, St. John's Medical College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Farah Naaz Fathima
- Department of Community Health, St. John's Medical College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Avita Rose Johnson
- Department of Community Health, St. John's Medical College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Wang R, Sun T, Yang Q, Yang Q, Wang J, Li H, Tang Y, Yang L, Sun J. Low birthweight of children is positively associated with mother's prenatal tobacco smoke exposure in Shanghai: a cross-sectional study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2020; 20:603. [PMID: 33032551 PMCID: PMC7542738 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-020-03307-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Low birthweight (LBW) is a significant public health issue, and maternal smoking is the most prevalent preventable cause of LBW. But there is limited evidence on association of LBW among children and cigarette smoke exposure in mothers in China. In this cross-sectional study, we try to explore if the LBW in children is positively associated with mothers' prenatal cigarette smoke exposure. METHODS We selected 8, 586 mothers and their singleton children in 2018 in Songjiang district, Shanghai. Birthweight of children and gestational weeks of mother was identified by birth records in the hospital, we classified mothers' prenatal cigarette smoke status into the first-hand smoke (FHS) exposure and the second-hand smoke (SHS) exposure. We use SAS 9.1.3 software to calculate the prevalence of children's LBW and the prevalence of mothers' prenatal cigarette smoke exposure including FHS and SHS. Chi-square test and logistic regression were used to analyze the difference. RESULTS In 8, 586 women, The prenatal FHS and SHS exposure prevalence was 0.9 and 20.8%, respectively. The mean birthweight of children was 3315.5 g with a standard deviation of 497.2 g, the mean birthweight was 167.7 g and 66.1 g lower in children born to mothers with prenatally FHS and SHS exposure compared with those children whose mother were not exposed, respectively. The children's LBW prevalence was 4.7% in this study. By comparing with children whose mother were not exposed, the LBW prevalence was higher among children whose mother were prenatally exposed to FHS [OR (Odds Ratios) = 2.91, 95% confidence interval (CI) (1.49, 5.68)], and SHS [OR = 2.35, 95% CI (1.90, 2.89)]. CONCLUSIONS Children's LBW is positively associated with mothers' prenatal tobacco smoke exposure both for FHS and SHS. So implementing tobacco control measures is crucial to lower smoking prevalence among women, and decrease smoking prevalence of their family members as well as work fellows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiping Wang
- Office of Clinical Research Center, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 110 GanHe Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, 200437 China
| | - Ting Sun
- Songjiang Maternal and Child Health-care Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiong Yang
- Songjiang Fang Song Community Health Service Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Songjiang Maternal and Child Health-care Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Jing’an Institute of Maternal and Child Health-care, Shanghai, China
| | - Huan Li
- Songjiang Maternal and Child Health-care Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Tang
- Songjiang Maternal and Child Health-care Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Yang
- Jing’an Institute of Maternal and Child Health-care, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Sun
- Jing’an Institute of Maternal and Child Health-care, Shanghai, China
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9
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Nadhiroh SR, Djokosujono K, Utari DM. Socioeconomic characteristics, paternal smoking and secondhand tobacco smoke exposure among infants in Jakarta, Indonesia. Tob Induc Dis 2020; 18:38. [PMID: 32398977 PMCID: PMC7213345 DOI: 10.18332/tid/120077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prevalence of paternal smoking is high in Asia and babies are vulnerable to secondhand tobacco smoke (SHS) exposure at home. This study assesses socioeconomic characteristics and paternal smoking in households and infants' exposure to SHS. METHODS A cross-sectional analysis of data collected as part of a prospective cohort study was conducted in Jakarta, Indonesia during 2017-2019. Participants were 156 mother-baby pairs whose babies reached the age of 6 months. Socioeconomic characteristics and smoking behaviour in the household were assessed by questionnaires. Factors related to paternal smoking and infants' exposure to SHS were assessed using a multivariate logistic regression model. RESULTS Almost two-thirds of infants lived with fathers who were smokers. Lower levels of paternal education (OR=2.59; 95% CI: 1.19-5.63; p=0.045) and infants with one sibling (OR=2.41; 95% CI: 1.02-5.67; p=0.044) increased the risk of paternal smoking in the household. Moreover, infants with one sibling (OR=3.09; 95% CI: 1.15-8.32; p=0.026), lower level of father education (OR=18.73; 95% CI: 1.54-227.93; p=0.022), and a high number of other household members who smoke (OR=4.54; 95% CI : 1.42-14.48; p=0.011) were the risk factors of SHS exposure among infants at home. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate the significant influence of educational level, number of children and/or number of other smokers in the household on paternal smoking and SHS exposure among infants at home. Comprehensive tobacco control programmes to increase adoption of smoke-free homes are likely to be an effective way to reduce SHS exposure and promote decreased cigarette smoking in families with children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti R. Nadhiroh
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
| | | | - Diah M. Utari
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
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10
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Reijnders IF, Mulders AGMGJ, van der Windt M, Steegers EAP, Steegers-Theunissen RPM. The impact of periconceptional maternal lifestyle on clinical features and biomarkers of placental development and function: a systematic review. Hum Reprod Update 2020; 25:72-94. [PMID: 30407510 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmy037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Worldwide, placenta-related complications contribute to adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as pre-eclampsia, fetal growth restriction and preterm birth, with implications for the future health of mothers and offspring. The placenta develops in the periconception period and forms the interface between mother and embryo/fetus. An unhealthy periconceptional maternal lifestyle, such as smoking, alcohol and under- and over-nutrition, can detrimentally influence placental development and function. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE The impact of maternal lifestyle on placental health is largely unknown. Therefore, we aim to summarize the evidence of the impact of periconceptional maternal lifestyle on clinical features and biomarkers of placental development and function throughout pregnancy. SEARCH METHODS A comprehensive search in Medline, Embase, Pubmed, The Cochrane Library Web of Science and Google Scholar was conducted. The search strategy included keywords related to the maternal lifestyle, smoking, alcohol, caffeine, nutrition (including folic acid supplement intake) and body weight. For placental markers throughout pregnancy, keywords related to ultrasound imaging, serum biomarkers and histological characteristics were used. We included randomized controlled trials and observational studies published between January 2000 and March 2017 and restricted the analysis to singleton pregnancies and maternal periconceptional lifestyle. Methodological quality was scored using the ErasmusAGE tool. A protocol of this systematic review has been registered in PROSPERO International prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO 2016:CRD42016045596). OUTCOMES Of 2593 unique citations found, 82 studies were included. The median quality score was 5 (range: 0-10). The findings revealed that maternal smoking was associated with lower first-trimester placental vascularization flow indices, higher second- and third-trimester resistance of the uterine and umbilical arteries and lower resistance of the middle cerebral artery. Although a negative impact of smoking on placental weight was expected, this was less clear. Alcohol use was associated with a lower placental weight. One study described higher second- and third-trimester placental growth factor (PlGF) levels after periconceptional alcohol use. None of the studies looked at caffeine intake. Adequate nutrition in the first trimester, periconceptional folic acid supplement intake and strong adherence to a Mediterranean diet, were all associated with a lower resistance of the uterine and umbilical arteries in the second and third trimester. A low caloric intake resulted in a lower placental weight, length, breadth, thickness, area and volume. Higher maternal body weight was associated with a larger placenta measured by ultrasound in the second and third trimester of pregnancy or weighed at birth. In addition, higher maternal body weight was associated with decreased PlGF-levels. WIDER IMPLICATIONS Evidence of the impact of periconceptional maternal lifestyle on placental health was demonstrated. However, due to poorly defined lifestyle exposures and time windows of investigation, unstandardized measurements of placenta-related outcomes and small sample sizes of the included studies, a cautious interpretation of the effect estimates is indicated. We suggest that future research should focus more on physiological consequences of unhealthy lifestyle during the critical periconception window. Moreover, we foresee that new evidence will support the development of lifestyle interventions to improve the health of mothers and their offspring from the earliest moment in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignatia F Reijnders
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus Medical Centre, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Annemarie G M G J Mulders
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus Medical Centre, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Melissa van der Windt
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus Medical Centre, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eric A P Steegers
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus Medical Centre, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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11
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Nadhiroh SR, Djokosujono K, Utari DM. The association between secondhand smoke exposure and growth outcomes of children: A systematic literature review. Tob Induc Dis 2020; 18:12. [PMID: 32180689 PMCID: PMC7067234 DOI: 10.18332/tid/117958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The strong relation between maternal smoking and maternal secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure and the growth of newborn infants has been proven. However, the effect of SHS on growth outcomes of older children is not well defined. Through a systematic literature review, we sought to determine whether a relationship exists between SHS exposure and growth outcomes of children up to 8 years of age. METHODS A systematic review was performed, including articles published between 2004–2019, related to SHS exposure (prenatal and postnatal) and children’s growth (weight, length/height, and head circumference). The relevant articles were identified from Science Direct, ProQuest, Sage Publication, Scopus, Wiley Online Library, CINAHL Plus with Full Text (via EBSCOhost) and Google search. RESULTS Seventeen articles were identified, of which three categories of growth measurements were extracted, comprising weight (weight, WAZ, WHZ, and BMI), height (height/length and HAZ) and head circumference. SHS exposure both pre or postnatally was inversely associated with weight (deficit in weight, risk of underweight, risk of wasting) and height (lower length and risk of stunting) and elevated BMI of children. Furthermore, prenatal SHS exposure was associated with a lower head circumference. CONCLUSIONS The current review identified that exposure to SHS may be associated with adverse growth outcomes in children. It is crucial that active smokers, specifically those who live with children or with a pregnant partner, are made aware of the potential effects of SHS exposure on non-smokers. Further assessment of the association between exposure to SHS and other growth outcomes in other age groups is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti R Nadhiroh
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.,Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
| | | | - Diah M Utari
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
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12
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Serati M, Barkin JL, Orsenigo G, Altamura AC, Buoli M. Research Review: The role of obstetric and neonatal complications in childhood attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder - a systematic review. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2017; 58:1290-1300. [PMID: 28714195 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.12779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a developmental disorder characterized by an inability to sustain attention, activity levels and impulse control, and, according to the latest studies, the prevalence is about 8% and in some countries less than 1%. Currently, it is well-known that complications during the perinatal period have significant implications on child's physical and mental health. Purpose of the present paper is to review the literature about the association between perinatal complications and future risk of an ADHD diagnosis. METHODS A research in the main database sources has been conducted to obtain a systematic review on the perinatal risk factors of ADHD. RESULTS Among perinatal complications, available data indicate low birth weight (LBW) (Cohen's d effect size range: 0.31-1.64-small effect size) and preterm birth (PB) (range d: 0.41-0.68) as the most important factors associated with a future diagnosis of ADHD. CONCLUSIONS PB and LBW children should be carefully monitored for an early diagnosis of ADHD limiting the impact of the disease in life span. A systematic review focusing on these risk factors have not been published until now, in the next future preventive strategies should be developed in order to minimize ADHD onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Serati
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Jennifer L Barkin
- Department of Community Medicine, Mercer University School of Medicine, Macon, GA, USA
| | - Giulia Orsenigo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Alfredo Carlo Altamura
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Buoli
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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13
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Huang L, Fan L, Ding P, He YH, Xie C, Niu Z, Tian FY, Yuan S, Jia D, Chen WQ. The mediating role of placenta in the relationship between maternal exercise during pregnancy and full-term low birth weight. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2017; 31:1561-1567. [DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2017.1319936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Huang
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lijun Fan
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng Ding
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Hui He
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuanbo Xie
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongzheng Niu
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fu-Ying Tian
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shixin Yuan
- Department of Science and Education, Shenzhen Women and Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Deqin Jia
- Department of Obstetrics, Foshan Women and Children's Hospital, Foshan, China
| | - Wei-Qing Chen
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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14
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Tian FY, Hivert MF, Wen X, Xie C, Niu Z, Fan L, Gillman MW, Chen WQ. Tissue differences in DNA methylation changes at AHRR in full term low birth weight in maternal blood, placenta and cord blood in Chinese. Placenta 2017; 52:49-57. [PMID: 28454697 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2017.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Very few study addressed the relationship between Aryl-hydrocarbon receptor repressor (AHRR) DNA methylation and low birth weight, especially in multiple tissues of mother-infant pairs. In this study, we aimed to investigate AHRR DNA methylation modification in cord blood, placenta and maternal blood between full term low birth weight (FT-LBW) and full term normal birth weight (FT-NBW) newborns. METHODS We enrolled 90 FT-LBW and 90 FT-NBW mother-infant pairs, of which all placenta and cord blood samples were collected while 45 maternal blood samples of each group were collected. We measured AHRR DNA methylation (Chr5: 373013-373606) using Sequenom MassARRAY, and assessed associations between AHRR DNA methylation and FT-LBW using logistic regression adjusting for maternal age, education, family income, delivery mode, and passive smoking. RESULTS FT-LBW babies had 3% lower methylation at Chr5: 373378 (CpG 13) in cord blood, and 4-9% higher methylation levels at Chr5: 373315, 373378, 373423, 373476 and 373490/373494 (CpG 10; 13; 15; 16; 17/18 respectively) in maternal blood, comparing with FT-NBW. The methylation of Chr5: 373378 (CpG 13) remained significant association with FT-LBW both in cord blood (OR = 0.90; 95% CI: 0.82, 0.98) and maternal blood (OR = 1.14; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.25) further adjusting for each other in the same model. We observed no significant difference at any CpG sites in placenta. DISCUSSION AHRR DNA methylation of cord and maternal blood might be independently associated with FT-LBW in different ways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Ying Tian
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Assessment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Marie-France Hivert
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, 401 Park Drive, Suite 401, Boston, MA, USA; Diabetes Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, 50 Staniford Street, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001 12th Avenue North, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada; Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, 3001 12th Avenue North, Wing 9, Door 6, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada.
| | - Xiaozhong Wen
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
| | - Chuanbo Xie
- Department of Cancer Prevention Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Zhongzheng Niu
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Assessment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Lijun Fan
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Assessment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Matthew W Gillman
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, 401 Park Drive, Suite 401, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Wei-Qing Chen
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Assessment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Early exposure to thirdhand cigarette smoke affects body mass and the development of immunity in mice. Sci Rep 2017. [PMID: 28157226 DOI: 10.1038/srep41915.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Thirdhand smoke (THS) is the fraction of cigarette smoke that persists in indoor environments after smoking. We investigated the effects of neonatal and adult THS exposure on bodyweight and blood cell populations in C57BL/6 J mice. At the end of neonatal exposure, THS-treated male and female mice had significantly lower bodyweight than their respective control mice. However, five weeks after neonatal exposure ended, THS-treated mice weighed the same as controls. In contrast, adult THS exposure did not change bodyweight of mice. On the other hand, both neonatal and adult THS exposure had profound effects on the hematopoietic system. Fourteen weeks after neonatal THS exposure ended, eosinophil number and platelet volume were significantly higher, while hematocrit, mean cell volume, and platelet counts were significantly lower compared to control. Similarly, adult THS exposure also decreased platelet counts and increased neutrophil counts. Moreover, both neonatal and adult THS exposure caused a significant increase in percentage of B-cells and significantly decreased percentage of myeloid cells. Our results demonstrate that neonatal THS exposure decreases bodyweight and that THS exposure induces persistent changes in the hematopoietic system independent of age at exposure. These results also suggest that THS exposure may have adverse effects on human health.
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Early exposure to thirdhand cigarette smoke affects body mass and the development of immunity in mice. Sci Rep 2017; 7:41915. [PMID: 28157226 PMCID: PMC5291208 DOI: 10.1038/srep41915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Thirdhand smoke (THS) is the fraction of cigarette smoke that persists in indoor environments after smoking. We investigated the effects of neonatal and adult THS exposure on bodyweight and blood cell populations in C57BL/6 J mice. At the end of neonatal exposure, THS-treated male and female mice had significantly lower bodyweight than their respective control mice. However, five weeks after neonatal exposure ended, THS-treated mice weighed the same as controls. In contrast, adult THS exposure did not change bodyweight of mice. On the other hand, both neonatal and adult THS exposure had profound effects on the hematopoietic system. Fourteen weeks after neonatal THS exposure ended, eosinophil number and platelet volume were significantly higher, while hematocrit, mean cell volume, and platelet counts were significantly lower compared to control. Similarly, adult THS exposure also decreased platelet counts and increased neutrophil counts. Moreover, both neonatal and adult THS exposure caused a significant increase in percentage of B-cells and significantly decreased percentage of myeloid cells. Our results demonstrate that neonatal THS exposure decreases bodyweight and that THS exposure induces persistent changes in the hematopoietic system independent of age at exposure. These results also suggest that THS exposure may have adverse effects on human health.
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