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Wan P, Zhao X, Ou Z, He R, Wang P, Cao A. Forest management practices change topsoil carbon pools and their stability. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 902:166093. [PMID: 37549706 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Forest management may lead to changes in soil carbon and its stability, and the effects are variable owing to the differences in management methods. Our study aimed to determine the impacts of different forest management practices on soil carbon pools and their stability. We chose a natural oak forest, where different forest-management strategies have been practiced. Forest management strategies included cultivating target trees by removing interference trees (CNFM), optimizing the forest spatial structure by the structural parameters (SBFM), reducing the stand density by harvesting timber (SFCS), and using unmanaged forests as controls (NT). Topsoil (depth of 0-10 cm) was collected after eight years of forest management. Soil organic carbon (SOC), labile organic carbon components and the microbial community were determined, and SOC chemical compositions were assessed by nuclear magnetic resonance. The CNFM and SFCS strategies had smaller dissolved organic carbon contents than the NT and SBFM strategies, and the CNFM strategy increased the ratio of alkyl C and o-alkyl C, indicating that the SOC was more stable. Forest management strategies changed the SOC and its labile C pool by adjusting the soil total nitrogen,β-glucosidase, cellobiohydrolase, fine-root carbon and fungal operational taxonomic units, and the SOC chemical compositions were influenced by the number of fungal species. These findings suggest that the soil organic carbon decreased, but its stability increased in the natural forest under the practice of cultivating target trees by removing interference trees. The SOC pools could be regulated by soil nitrogen, enzyme activity, fine roots, and fungi, while soil fungi could affect SOC stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Wan
- College of forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China.
| | - Xiaolong Zhao
- College of forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Zeyu Ou
- College of forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Ruirui He
- College of forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Peng Wang
- Xiaolongshan Research Institute of Forestry of Gansu Province, Tianshui 741000, PR China
| | - Anan Cao
- Xiaolongshan Research Institute of Forestry of Gansu Province, Tianshui 741000, PR China
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Tanunchai B, Ji L, Schröder O, Gawol SJ, Geissler A, Wahdan SFM, Buscot F, Kalkhof S, Schulze ED, Noll M, Purahong W. Fate of a biodegradable plastic in forest soil: Dominant tree species and forest types drive changes in microbial community assembly, influence the composition of plastisphere, and affect poly(butylene succinate-co-adipate) degradation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 873:162230. [PMID: 36796697 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Poly(butylene succinate-co-adipate) (PBSA) degradation and its plastisphere microbiome in cropland soils have been studied; however, such knowledge is limited in the case of forest ecosystems. In this context, we investigated: i) the impact of forest types (conifer and broadleaved forests) on the plastisphere microbiome and its community assembly, ii) their link to PBSA degradation, and iii) the identities of potential microbial keystone taxa. We determined that forest type significantly affected microbial richness (F = 5.26-9.88, P = 0.034 to 0.006) and fungal community composition (R2 = 0.38, P = 0.001) of the plastisphere microbiome, whereas its effects on microbial abundance and bacterial community composition were not significant. The bacterial community was governed by stochastic processes (mainly homogenizing dispersal), whereas the fungal community was driven by both stochastic and deterministic processes (drift and homogeneous selection). The highest molar mass loss was found for PBSA degraded under Pinus sylvestris (26.6 ± 2.6 to 33.9 ± 1.8 % (mean ± SE) at 200 and 400 days, respectively), and the lowest molar mass loss was found under Picea abies (12.0 ± 1.6 to 16.0 ± 0.5 % (mean ± SE) at 200 and 400 days, respectively). Important fungal PBSA decomposers (Tetracladium) and atmospheric dinitrogen (N2)-fixing bacteria (symbiotic: Allorhizobium-Neorhizobium-Pararhizobium-Rhizobium and Methylobacterium and non-symbiotic: Mycobacterium) were identified as potential keystone taxa. The present study is among the first to determine the plastisphere microbiome and its community assembly processes associated with PBSA in forest ecosystems. We detected consistent biological patterns in the forest and cropland ecosystems, indicating a potential mechanistic interaction between N2-fixing bacteria and Tetracladium during PBSA biodegradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjawan Tanunchai
- UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Soil Ecology, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; Institute of Bioanalysis, Coburg University of Applied Sciences and Arts, 96450 Coburg, Germany; Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research (BayCEER), University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Li Ji
- UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Soil Ecology, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; School of Forestry, Central South of Forestry and Technology, 410004 Changsha, PR China
| | - Olaf Schröder
- Institute of Bioanalysis, Coburg University of Applied Sciences and Arts, 96450 Coburg, Germany
| | - Susanne Julia Gawol
- Institute of Bioanalysis, Coburg University of Applied Sciences and Arts, 96450 Coburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Geissler
- Department of Macromolecular Chemistry and Paper Chemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt D-64287, Germany
| | - Sara Fareed Mohamed Wahdan
- UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Soil Ecology, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt
| | - François Buscot
- UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Soil Ecology, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Puschstraße 4, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stefan Kalkhof
- Institute of Bioanalysis, Coburg University of Applied Sciences and Arts, 96450 Coburg, Germany; Department of Preclinical Development and Validation, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ernst-Detlef Schulze
- Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Biogeochemical Processes Department, Hans-Knöll-Str. 10, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Matthias Noll
- Institute of Bioanalysis, Coburg University of Applied Sciences and Arts, 96450 Coburg, Germany; Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research (BayCEER), University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany.
| | - Witoon Purahong
- UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Soil Ecology, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
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Luan H, Liu Y, Huang S, Qiao W, Chen J, Guo T, Zhang X, Guo S, Zhang X, Qi G. Successive walnut plantations alter soil carbon quantity and quality by modifying microbial communities and enzyme activities. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:953552. [PMID: 35958128 PMCID: PMC9358653 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.953552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowledge of the spatial–temporal variations of soil organic carbon (SOC) quantity and quality and its microbial regulation mechanisms is essential for long-term SOC sequestration in agroecosystems; nevertheless, this information is lacking in the process of walnut plantations. Here, we used the modified Walkley-Black method, phospholipid fatty acid analysis, and micro-plate enzyme technique to analyze the evolution of SOC stocks and quality/lability as well as microbial communities and enzyme activities at different soil depths in walnut plantations with a chronosequence of 0-, 7-, 14-, and 21-years in the Eastern Taihang Mountains, China. The results indicated that long-term walnut plantations (14-and 21-years) enhanced SOC stocks, improved SOC quality/lability (as indicated by the lability index), and promoted microbial growth and activities (i.e., hydrolase and oxidase activities) in the 0–40 cm soil layers. Besides, these above-mentioned SOC-and microbial-related indices (except for oxidase activities) decreased with increasing soil depths, while oxidase activities were higher in deeper soils (40–60 cm) than in other soils (0–40 cm). The partial least squares path model also revealed that walnut plantation ages and soil depths had positive and negative effects on microbial attributes (e.g., enzyme activities, fungal and bacterial communities), respectively. Meanwhile, the SOC stocks were closely related to the fungal community; meanwhile, the bacterial community affected SOC quality/liability by regulating enzyme activities. Comprehensively, long-term walnut plantations were conducive to increasing SOC stocks and quality through altering microbial communities and activities in the East Taihang Mountains in Hebei, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoan Luan
- College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Yingru Liu
- College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University/North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources, Ministry of Education/State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Baoding, China
| | - Shaohui Huang
- Hebei Fertilizer Technology Innovation Centre, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wenyan Qiao
- College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning/Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tengfei Guo
- Institution of Plant Nutrition and Environmental Resources, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaojia Zhang
- Tea Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Suping Guo
- College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Xuemei Zhang
- College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
- *Correspondence: Xuemei Zhang,
| | - Guohui Qi
- College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
- Guohui Qi,
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Tree functional traits, forest biomass, and tree species diversity interact with site properties to drive forest soil carbon. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1097. [PMID: 35233020 PMCID: PMC8888738 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28748-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Forests constitute important ecosystems in the global carbon cycle. However, how trees and environmental conditions interact to determine the amount of organic carbon stored in forest soils is a hotly debated subject. In particular, how tree species influence soil organic carbon (SOC) remains unclear. Based on a global compilation of data, we show that functional traits of trees and forest standing biomass explain half of the local variability in forest SOC. The effects of functional traits on SOC depended on the climatic and soil conditions with the strongest effect observed under boreal climate and on acidic, poor, coarse-textured soils. Mixing tree species in forests also favours the storage of SOC, provided that a biomass over-yielding occurs in mixed forests. We propose that the forest carbon sink can be optimised by (i) increasing standing biomass, (ii) increasing forest species richness, and (iii) choosing forest composition based on tree functional traits according to the local conditions. Forests constitute important ecosystems in the global carbon cycle. This study investigates how tree species influence soil organic carbon using a global dataset, showing the importance of tree functional traits and forest standing biomass to optimise forest carbon sink.
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Wu J, Wang H, Li G, Wu J, Ma W. Vertical and seasonal changes in soil carbon pools to vegetation degradation in a wet meadow on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12268. [PMID: 34112825 PMCID: PMC8192520 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90543-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Wet meadows provide opportunities to decrease carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) released into the atmosphere by increasing the soil organic carbon (SOC) stored in wetland systems. Although wet meadows serve as the most important and stable C sinks, there has been very few investigations on the seasonal distributions of SOC fractions in high-altitude wet meadows. Here, we studied the effects of four vegetation degradation levels, non-degraded (ND), lightly degraded (LD), moderately degraded (MD), and heavily degraded (HD), on the measured vertical and seasonal changes of SOC and its different fractions. Among these vegetation degradation levels, 0-10 and 10-20 cm soil depths in ND plots had significantly higher SOC contents than the other degradation levels had throughout the year. This is attributed to the relatively greater inputs of aboveground plant litter and richer fine-root biomass in ND plots. Particulate organic carbon (POC) and light fraction organic carbon (LFOC) showed similar vertical and seasonal variations in autumn, reaching a minimum. Moreover, microbial biomass (MBC) and easily oxidizable organic carbon (EOC) contents were highest in summer and the smallest in winter, while dissolved organic carbon (DOC) content was highest in spring and lowest in summer, and were mainly concentrated in the 0-20 cm layer. Pearson correlation analysis indicated that soil properties and aboveground biomass were significantly related to different SOC fractions. The results indicate that vegetation degradation reduces the accumulation of total SOC and its different fractions, which may reduce carbon sink capacity and soil quality of alpine wet meadows, and increase atmospheric environmental pressure. In addition, vegetation biomass and soil characteristics play a key role in the formation and transformation of soil carbon. These results strengthen our understanding of soil C dynamics, specifically related to the different C fractions as affected by vegetation degradation levels and soil depth, in wet meadow systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangqi Wu
- grid.411734.40000 0004 1798 5176College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070 China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- grid.411734.40000 0004 1798 5176College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070 China
| | - Guang Li
- grid.411734.40000 0004 1798 5176College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070 China
| | - Jianghua Wu
- grid.25055.370000 0000 9130 6822School of Science and the Environment, Memorial University of Newfoundland, 20 University Drive, Corner Brook, NL A2H 5G4 Canada
| | - Weiwei Ma
- grid.411734.40000 0004 1798 5176College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070 China
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Bueno A, Pritsch K, Simon J. Responses of native and invasive woody seedlings to combined competition and drought are species-specific. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 41:343-357. [PMID: 33079201 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpaa134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Woody species invasions are a major threat to native communities with intensified consequences during increased periods of summer drought as predicted for the future. Competition for growth-limiting nitrogen (N) between native and invasive tree species might represent a key mechanism underlying the invasion process, because soil water availability and N acquisition of plants are closely linked. To study whether the traits of invasive species provide an advantage over natives in Central Europe in the competition for N under drought, we conducted a greenhouse experiment. We analyzed the responses of three native (i.e., Fagus sylvatica L., Quercus robur L. and Pinus sylvestris L.) and two invasive woody species (i.e., Prunus serotina Ehrh. and Robinia pseudoacacia L.) to competition in terms of their organic and inorganic N acquisition, as well as allocation of N to N pools in the leaves and fine roots. In our study, competition resulted in reduced growth and changes in internal N pools in both native and invasive species mediated by the physiological characteristics of the target species, the competitor, as well as soil water supply. Nitrogen acquisition, however, was not affected by competition indicating that changes in growth and N pools were rather linked to the remobilization of stored N. Drought led to reduced N acquisition, growth and total soluble protein-N levels, while total soluble amino acid-N levels increased, most likely as osmoprotectants as an adaptation to the reduced water supply. Generally, the consequences of drought were enhanced with competition across all species. Comparing the invasive competitors, P. serotina was a greater threat to the native species than R. pseudoacacia. Furthermore, deciduous and coniferous native species affected the invasives differently, with the species-specific responses being mediated by soil water supply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Bueno
- Plant Interactions Ecophysiology Group, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstrasse 10, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Karin Pritsch
- Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt GmbH, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Oberschleißheim, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Judy Simon
- Plant Interactions Ecophysiology Group, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstrasse 10, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
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Qu Z, Liu B, Ma Y, Xu J, Sun H. The response of the soil bacterial community and function to forest succession caused by forest disease. Funct Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhao‐Lei Qu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China College of Forestry Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing China
| | - Bing Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China College of Forestry Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing China
| | - Yang Ma
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China College of Forestry Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing China
| | - Jie Xu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China College of Forestry Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing China
| | - Hui Sun
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China College of Forestry Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing China
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Elevation Gradient Altered Soil C, N, and P Stoichiometry of Pinus taiwanensis Forest on Daiyun Mountain. FORESTS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/f10121089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Researches focused on soil carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) content and the stoichiometry characteristics along elevation gradients are important for effective management of forest ecosystems. Taking the soil of different elevations from 900 to 1700 m on Daiyun Mountain as the object, the elevation distribution of total C, N, and P in soil and their stoichiometry characteristics were studied. Also, the driving factors resulting in the spatial heterogeneity of soil stoichiometry are presented. The results show the following: (1) The average soil C and N content was 53.03 g·kg−1 and 3.82 g·kg−1, respectively. The content of C and N at high elevation was higher than that of at low elevation. Soil phosphorus fluctuated with elevation. (2) With increasing elevation, soil C:N ratio increased initially to 17.40 at elevation between 900–1000 m, and then decreased to 12.02 at elevation 1600 m. The changing trends of C:P and N:P were similar, and they all fluctuated with elevation. (3) Elevation, soil bulk density, and soil temperature were the main factors influencing the variation of soil C, N, and C:N. Soil pH and slope position were the driving factors for soil P, C:P, and N:P. The soil is rich in C and N, and has less total phosphorus on Daiyun Mountain. Raising the level of phosphate fertilizer appropriately can help to improve soil fertility and promote plant growth as well. In light of this information, in the near future, it will be necessary to conduct separation management of C, N, and P with regular monitoring systems to maintain favorable conditions for soil.
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A Molecular Investigation of Soil Organic Carbon Composition across a Subalpine Catchment. SOIL SYSTEMS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/soils2010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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