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Li X, Ma TK, Wang P, Shi H, Hai S, Qin Y, Zou Y, Zhu WT, Li HM, Li YN, Yin L, Xu YY, Yang Q, Zhang S, Ding H. HOXD10 attenuates renal fibrosis by inhibiting NOX4-induced ferroptosis. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:398. [PMID: 38844470 PMCID: PMC11156659 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06780-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
In chronic kidney disease (CKD), renal fibrosis is an unavoidable result of various manifestations. However, its pathogenesis is not yet fully understood. Here, we revealed the novel role of Homeobox D10 (HOXD10) in CKD-related fibrosis. HOXD10 expression was downregulated in CKD-related in vitro and in vivo fibrosis models. UUO model mice were administered adeno-associated virus (AAV) containing HOXD10, and HOXD10 overexpression plasmids were introduced into human proximal tubular epithelial cells induced by TGF-β1. The levels of iron, reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid ROS, the oxidized glutathione/total glutathione (GSSG/GSH) ratio, malonaldehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were determined using respective assay kits. Treatment with AAV-HOXD10 significantly attenuated fibrosis and renal dysfunction in UUO model mice by inhibiting NOX4 transcription, ferroptosis pathway activation, and oxidative stress. High levels of NOX4 transcription, ferroptosis pathway activation and profibrotic gene expression induced by TGF-β1/erastin (a ferroptosis agonist) were abrogated by HOXD10 overexpression in HK-2 cells. Moreover, bisulfite sequencing PCR result determined that HOXD10 showed a hypermethylated level in TGF-β1-treated HK-2 cells. The binding of HOXD10 to the NOX4 promoter was confirmed by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) analysis and dual-luciferase reporter assays. Targeting HOXD10 may represent an innovative therapeutic strategy for fibrosis treatment in CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Nephrology Department, Fourth Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tian-Kui Ma
- Biological Therapy Department, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Pu Wang
- General Practice Department, Fourth Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hang Shi
- Intensive Care Unit Department, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sang Hai
- Nephrology Department, Fourth Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu Qin
- Nephrology Department, Fourth Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yun Zou
- Nephrology Department, Fourth Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wan-Ting Zhu
- Nephrology Department, Fourth Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hui-Min Li
- Nephrology Department, Fourth Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yan-Nong Li
- Nephrology Department, Fourth Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Li Yin
- Nephrology Department, Fourth Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yan-Yan Xu
- Nephrology Department, Fourth Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qi Yang
- Nephrology Department, Fourth Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Nephrology Department, Fourth Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hong Ding
- Nephrology Department, Fourth Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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2
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Duan ZY, Bu R, Liang S, Chen XZ, Zhang C, Zhang QY, Li JJ, Chen XM, Cai GY. Urinary miR-185-5p is a biomarker of renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis in IgA nephropathy. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1326026. [PMID: 38426107 PMCID: PMC10902439 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1326026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background For IgA nephropathy (IgAN), tubular atrophy/interstitial fibrosis is the most important prognostic pathological indicator in the mesangial and endocapillary hypercellularity, segmental sclerosis, interstitial fibrosis/tubular atrophy, and presence of crescents (MEST-C) score. The identification of non-invasive biomarkers for tubular atrophy/interstitial fibrosis would aid clinical monitoring of IgAN progression and improve patient prognosis. Methods The study included 188 patients with primary IgAN in separate confirmation and validation cohorts. The associations of miR-92a-3p, miR-425-5p, and miR-185-5p with renal histopathological lesions and prognosis were explored using Spearman correlation analysis and Kaplan-Meier survival curves. Bioinformatics analysis and dual luciferase experiments were used to identify hub genes for miR-185-5p. The fibrotic phenotypes of tubular epithelial cells were evaluated in vivo and in HK-2 cells. Results miRNA sequencing and cohort validation revealed that the expression levels of miR-92a-3p, miR-425-5p, and miR-185-5p in urine were significantly increased among patients with IgAN; these levels could predict the extent of tubular atrophy/interstitial fibrosis in such patients. The combination of the three biomarkers resulted in an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.742. The renal prognosis was significantly worse in the miR-185-5p high expression group than in the low expression group (P=0.003). Renal tissue in situ hybridization, bioinformatics analysis, and dual luciferase experiments confirmed that miR-185-5p affects prognosis in patients with IgAN mainly by influencing expression of the target gene tight junction protein 1 (TJP1) in renal tubular epithelial cells. In vitro experiment revealed that an miR-185-5p mimic could reduce TJP1 expression in HK-2 cells, while increasing the levels of α-smooth muscle actin, fibronectin, collagen I, and collagen III; these changes promoted the transformation of renal tubular epithelial cells to a fibrotic phenotype. An miR-185-5p inhibitor can reverse the fibrotic phenotype in renal tubular epithelial cells. In a unilateral ureteral obstruction model, the inhibition of miR-185-5p expression alleviated tubular atrophy/interstitial fibrosis. Conclusion Urinary miR-185-5p, a non-invasive biomarker of tubular atrophy/interstitial fibrosis in IgAN, may promote the transformation of renal tubular epithelial cells to a fibrotic phenotype via TJP1.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Guang-Yan Cai
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, Beijing, China
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3
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Srivastava SP. Editorial: Current understanding of complications associated with diabetes. FRONTIERS IN CLINICAL DIABETES AND HEALTHCARE 2023; 4:1338656. [PMID: 38125705 PMCID: PMC10731350 DOI: 10.3389/fcdhc.2023.1338656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Swayam Prakash Srivastava
- Hartman Institute of Therapeutic Organ Regeneration, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
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4
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Srivastava SP. Drugs for Diabetes: From Pharmacology to Clinical Application. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1346. [PMID: 37895817 PMCID: PMC10610375 DOI: 10.3390/ph16101346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Type I and type II diabetes mellitus, characterized by increased blood glucose levels, affect almost half a billion people around the world [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Swayam Prakash Srivastava
- Hartman Institute of Therapeutic Organ Regeneration, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
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5
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Srivastava SP, Kanasaki K. Editorial: Receptor biology and cell signaling in diabetes: volume II. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1274914. [PMID: 37790814 PMCID: PMC10542886 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1274914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Swayam Prakash Srivastava
- Hartman Institute of Therapeutic Organ Regeneration, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Keizo Kanasaki
- Internal Medicine 1, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Japan
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6
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Bhatia D, Srivastava SP. Editorial: Diabetic kidney disease: routes to drug development, pharmacology and underlying molecular mechanisms. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1252315. [PMID: 37614315 PMCID: PMC10442945 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1252315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Divya Bhatia
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
- NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Swayam Prakash Srivastava
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Hartman Institute of Therapeutic Organ Regeneration, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
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7
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Liu Z, Liu J, Wang W, An X, Luo L, Yu D, Sun W. Epigenetic modification in diabetic kidney disease. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1133970. [PMID: 37455912 PMCID: PMC10348754 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1133970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a common microangiopathy in diabetic patients and the main cause of death in diabetic patients. The main manifestations of DKD are proteinuria and decreased renal filtration capacity. The glomerular filtration rate and urinary albumin level are two of the most important hallmarks of the progression of DKD. The classical treatment of DKD is controlling blood glucose and blood pressure. However, the commonly used clinical therapeutic strategies and the existing biomarkers only partially slow the progression of DKD and roughly predict disease progression. Therefore, novel therapeutic methods, targets and biomarkers are urgently needed to meet clinical requirements. In recent years, increasing attention has been given to the role of epigenetic modification in the pathogenesis of DKD. Epigenetic variation mainly includes DNA methylation, histone modification and changes in the noncoding RNA expression profile, which are deeply involved in DKD-related inflammation, oxidative stress, hemodynamics, and the activation of abnormal signaling pathways. Since DKD is reversible at certain disease stages, it is valuable to identify abnormal epigenetic modifications as early diagnosis and treatment targets to prevent the progression of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Because the current understanding of the epigenetic mechanism of DKD is not comprehensive, the purpose of this review is to summarize the role of epigenetic modification in the occurrence and development of DKD and evaluate the value of epigenetic therapies in DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Liu
- Public Research Platform, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jiahui Liu
- Public Research Platform, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Wanning Wang
- Department of Nephrology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xingna An
- Public Research Platform, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Ling Luo
- Public Research Platform, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Dehai Yu
- Public Research Platform, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Weixia Sun
- Department of Nephrology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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8
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Mishra DD, Sahoo B, Maurya PK, Sharma R, Varughese S, Prasad N, Tiwari S. Therapeutic potential of urine exosomes derived from rats with diabetic kidney disease. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1157194. [PMID: 37251672 PMCID: PMC10213426 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1157194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Kidney disease is prevalent in diabetes. Urinary exosomes (uE) from animal models and patients with Diabetic nephropathy (DN) showed increased levels of miRs with reno-protective potential. We examined whether urinary loss of such miRs is associated with their reduced renal levels in DN patients. We also tested whether injecting uE can leverage kidney disease in rats. In this study (study-1) we performed microarray profiling of miRNA in uE and renal tissues in DN patients and subjects with diabetes without DN (controls). In study-2, diabetes was induced in Wistar rats by Streptozotocin (i.p. 50 mg/kg of body weight). Urinary exosomes were collected at 6th, 7th and 8th weeks, and injected back into the rats (100ug/biweekly, uE-treated n=7) via tail vein on weeks 9 and 10. Equal volume of vehicle was injected in controls (vehicle, n=7). uE from the human and rat showed the presence of exosome-specific proteins by immunoblotting. Microarray profiling revealed a set of 15 miRs having high levels in the uE, while lower in renal biopsies, from DN, compared to controls (n=5-9/group). Bioinformatic analysis also confirmed the Renoprotective potential of these miRs. Taqman qPCR confirmed the opposite regulation of miR-200c-3p and miR-24-3p in paired uE and renal biopsy samples from DN patients (n=15), relative to non-DN controls. A rise in 28 miRs levels, including miR-200c-3p, miR-24-3p, miR-30a-3p and miR-23a-3p were observed in the uE of DN rats, collected between 6th-8th weeks, relative to baseline (before diabetes induction). uE- treated DN rats had significantly reduced urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio, attenuated renal pathology, and lower miR-24-3p target fibrotic/inflammatory genes (TGF-beta, and Collagen IV), relative to vehicle treated DN rats. In uE treated rats, the renal expression of miR-24-3p, miR-30a-3p, let-7a-5p and miR-23a-3p was increased, relative to vehicle control. Patients with diabetic nephropathy had reduced renal levels, while higher uE abundance of miRs with reno-protective potential. Reverting the urinary loss of miRs by injecting uE attenuated renal pathology in diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deendayal Das Mishra
- Department of Molecular Medicine & Biotechnology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Biswajit Sahoo
- Department of Molecular Medicine & Biotechnology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Pramod Kumar Maurya
- Department of Molecular Medicine & Biotechnology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Rajni Sharma
- Department of Molecular Medicine & Biotechnology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | | | - Narayan Prasad
- Department of Nephrology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Swasti Tiwari
- Department of Molecular Medicine & Biotechnology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
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9
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Taguchi K, Fukami K. RAGE signaling regulates the progression of diabetic complications. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1128872. [PMID: 37007029 PMCID: PMC10060566 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1128872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes, the ninth leading cause of death globally, is expected to affect 642 million people by 2040. With the advancement of an aging society, the number of patients with diabetes having multiple underlying diseases, such as hypertension, obesity, and chronic inflammation, is increasing. Thus, the concept of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) has been accepted worldwide, and comprehensive treatment of patients with diabetes is required. Receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE), a multiligand receptor, belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily is extensively expressed throughout the body. Various types of ligands, including advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs), high mobility group box 1, S100/calgranulins, and nucleic acids, bind to RAGE, and then induces signal transduction to amplify the inflammatory response and promote migration, invasion, and proliferation of cells. Furthermore, the expression level of RAGE is upregulated in patients with diabetes, hypertension, obesity, and chronic inflammation, suggesting that activation of RAGE is a common denominator in the context of DKD. Considering that ligand–and RAGE–targeting compounds have been developed, RAGE and its ligands can be potent therapeutic targets for inhibiting the progression of DKD and its complications. Here, we aimed to review recent literature on various signaling pathways mediated by RAGE in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications. Our findings highlight the possibility of using RAGE–or ligand–targeted therapy for treating DKD and its complications.
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10
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Li X, Ma TK, Wang M, Zhang XD, Liu TY, Liu Y, Huang ZH, Zhu YH, Zhang S, Yin L, Xu YY, Ding H, Liu C, Shi H, Fan QL. YY1-induced upregulation of LncRNA-ARAP1-AS2 and ARAP1 promotes diabetic kidney fibrosis via aberrant glycolysis associated with EGFR/PKM2/HIF-1α pathway. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1069348. [PMID: 36874012 PMCID: PMC9974832 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1069348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Dimeric pyruvate kinase (PK) M2 (PKM2) plays an important role in promoting the accumulation of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α, mediating aberrant glycolysis and inducing fibrosis in diabetic kidney disease (DKD). The aim of this work was to dissect a novel regulatory mechanism of Yin and Yang 1 (YY1) on lncRNA-ARAP1-AS2/ARAP1 to regulate EGFR/PKM2/HIF-1α pathway and glycolysis in DKD. Materials and methods: We used adeno-associated virus (AAV)-ARAP1 shRNA to knocked down ARAP1 in diabetic mice and overexpressed or knocked down YY1, ARAP1-AS2 and ARAP1 expression in human glomerular mesangial cells. Gene levels were assessed by Western blotting, RT-qPCR, immunofluorescence staining and immunohistochemistry. Molecular interactions were determined by RNA pull-down, co-immunoprecipitation, ubiquitination assay and dual-luciferase reporter analysis. Results: YY1, ARAP1-AS2, ARAP1, HIF-1α, glycolysis and fibrosis genes expressions were upregulated and ARAP1 knockdown could inhibit dimeric PKM2 expression and partly restore tetrameric PKM2 formation, while downregulate HIF-1α accumulation and aberrant glycolysis and fibrosis in in-vivo and in-vitro DKD models. ARAP1 knockdown attenuates renal injury and renal dysfunction in diabetic mice. ARAP1 maintains EGFR overactivation in-vivo and in-vitro DKD models. Mechanistically, YY1 transcriptionally upregulates ARAP1-AS2 and indirectly regulates ARAP1 and subsequently promotes EGFR activation, HIF-1α accumulation and aberrant glycolysis and fibrosis. Conclusion: Our results first highlight the role of the novel regulatory mechanism of YY1 on ARAP1-AS2 and ARAP1 in promoting aberrant glycolysis and fibrosis by EGFR/PKM2/HIF-1α pathway in DKD and provide potential therapeutic strategies for DKD treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Department of Nephrology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Nephrology, Fourth Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tian-Kui Ma
- Department of Nephrology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Nephrology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiao-Dan Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tian-Yan Liu
- Department of Nephrology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Nephrology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhao-Hui Huang
- Department of Nephrology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yong-Hong Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Fourth Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Li Yin
- Department of Nephrology, Fourth Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yan-Yan Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Fourth Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hong Ding
- Department of Nephrology, Fourth Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Cong Liu
- Department of General Surgery, First Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hang Shi
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiu-Ling Fan
- Department of Nephrology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Nephrology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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11
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Wang W, Jia W, Zhang C. The Role of Tβ4-POP-Ac-SDKP Axis in Organ Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13282. [PMID: 36362069 PMCID: PMC9655242 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis is a pathological process in which parenchymal cells are necrotic and excess extracellular matrix (ECM) is accumulated due to dysregulation of tissue injury repair. Thymosin β4 (Tβ4) is a 43 amino acid multifunctional polypeptide that is involved in wound healing. Prolyl oligopeptidase (POP) is the main enzyme that hydrolyzes Tβ4 to produce its derivative N-acetyl-seryl-aspartyl-lysyl-proline (Ac-SDKP) which is found to play a role in the regulation of fibrosis. Accumulating evidence suggests that the Tβ4-POP-Ac-SDKP axis widely exists in various tissues and organs including the liver, kidney, heart, and lung, and participates in the process of fibrogenesis. Herein, we aim to elucidate the role of Tβ4-POP-Ac-SDKP axis in hepatic fibrosis, renal fibrosis, cardiac fibrosis, and pulmonary fibrosis, as well as the underlying mechanisms. Based on this, we attempted to provide novel therapeutic strategies for the regulation of tissue damage repair and anti-fibrosis therapy. The Tβ4-POP-Ac-SDKP axis exerts protective effects against organ fibrosis. It is promising that appropriate dosing regimens that rely on this axis could serve as a new therapeutic strategy for alleviating organ fibrosis in the early and late stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Wenning Jia
- Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Chunping Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
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12
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Mahtal N, Lenoir O, Tinel C, Anglicheau D, Tharaux PL. MicroRNAs in kidney injury and disease. Nat Rev Nephrol 2022; 18:643-662. [PMID: 35974169 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-022-00608-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression by degrading or repressing the translation of their target messenger RNAs. As miRNAs are critical regulators of cellular homeostasis, their dysregulation is a crucial component of cell and organ injury. A substantial body of evidence indicates that miRNAs are involved in the pathophysiology of acute kidney injury (AKI), chronic kidney disease and allograft damage. Different subsets of miRNAs are dysregulated during AKI, chronic kidney disease and allograft rejection, which could reflect differences in the physiopathology of these conditions. miRNAs that have been investigated in AKI include miR-21, which has an anti-apoptotic role, and miR-214 and miR-668, which regulate mitochondrial dynamics. Various miRNAs are downregulated in diabetic kidney disease, including the miR-30 family and miR-146a, which protect against inflammation and fibrosis. Other miRNAs such as miR-193 and miR-92a induce podocyte dedifferentiation in glomerulonephritis. In transplantation, miRNAs have been implicated in allograft rejection and injury. Further work is needed to identify and validate miRNAs as biomarkers of graft function and of kidney disease development and progression. Use of combinations of miRNAs together with other molecular markers could potentially improve diagnostic or predictive power and facilitate clinical translation. In addition, targeting specific miRNAs at different stages of disease could be a promising therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nassim Mahtal
- Paris Cardiovascular Research Center - PARCC, Inserm, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Olivia Lenoir
- Paris Cardiovascular Research Center - PARCC, Inserm, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
| | - Claire Tinel
- Service de Néphrologie et Transplantation Adulte, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Université Paris Cité, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.,Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Inserm, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Dany Anglicheau
- Service de Néphrologie et Transplantation Adulte, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Université Paris Cité, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.,Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Inserm, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Pierre-Louis Tharaux
- Paris Cardiovascular Research Center - PARCC, Inserm, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
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13
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Chen Y, Zou H, Lu H, Xiang H, Chen S. Research progress of endothelial-mesenchymal transition in diabetic kidney disease. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:3313-3322. [PMID: 35560773 PMCID: PMC9189345 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is an important pathological feature of diabetic kidney disease (DKD), manifested as tubular interstitial fibrosis, tubular atrophy, glomerulosclerosis and damage to the normal structure of the kidney. Renal fibrosis can eventually develop into renal failure. A better understanding of renal fibrosis in DKD is needed due to clinical limitations of current anti‐fibrotic drugs in terms of effectiveness, cost‐effectiveness and side effects. Fibrosis is characterized by local excessive deposition of extracellular matrix, which is derived from activated myofibroblasts to increase its production or specific tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases to reduce its degradation. In recent years, endothelial‐mesenchymal transition (EndMT) has gradually integrated into the pathogenesis of fibrosis. In animal models of diabetic kidney disease, it has been found that EndMT is involved in the formation of renal fibrosis and multiple signalling pathways such as TGF‐β signalling pathway, Wnt signalling pathway and non‐coding RNA network participate in the regulation of EndMT during fibrosis. Here, we mainly review EndMT regulation and targeted therapy of renal fibrosis in DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hang Zou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongwei Lu
- Center for Experimental Medical Research, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hong Xiang
- Center for Experimental Medical Research, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shuhua Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
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14
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Gao Q, Zheng Y, Wang H, Hou L, Hu X. circSTRN3 aggravates sepsis-induced acute kidney injury by regulating miR-578/ toll like receptor 4 axis. Bioengineered 2022; 13:11388-11401. [PMID: 35510365 PMCID: PMC9275965 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2061293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response caused by infection, and severe sepsis is commonly associated with the development of acute kidney injury (AKI). Accumulating evidence has revealed the implication of circular RNAs in AKI. In this study, we explored the potential engagement and the underlying mechanism of hsa_circ_010157 (circSTRN3) in sepsis-induced AKI. CircSTRN3 levels in HK2 cells and serum samples of patients were determined by RT-PCR. The protein levels of TLR4 (Toll Like Receptor 4), bax (Bcl-2-associated X protein), cleaved caspase 3 and bcl-2 (B-cell lymphoma-2) were detected by Western blotting (WB), and the levels of proinflammatory cytokines were detected by ELISA. The molecular interactions between mir-578/TLR4 and circSTRN3/miR-578 were analyzed by dual luciferase reporter assay as well as RNA pull-down experiment. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treated HK2 cells were used as an in vitro model to investigate the functional interaction of circSTRN3/miR-578/TLR4 axis. We found that the expression level of circSTRN3 in patients with sepsis-induced AKI and LPS-induced HK2 cells was higher. Silencing cicrSTRN3 alleviated LPS-induced cell proliferation, and suppressed the inflammatory response and apoptosis in LPS-treated HK2 cells. In contrast, the overexpression of circSTRN3 aggravated the cellular damages induced by LPS treatment. CircSTRN3 targeted miR-578/TLR4 axis to influence the damage effect induced by LPS. miR-578 inhibitor or TLR4 overexpression impaired the rescue effect of circSTRN3 knockdown. These results indicate that circSTRN3 upregulation in sepsis-induced AKI modulates miR-578/TLR4 axis to promote the pathogenesis of AKI, which could serve as future therapeutic targets for AKI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuying Gao
- Department of Hematology, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yan Zheng
- Department of Hematology, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Hematology, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Limin Hou
- Department of Hematology, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xingxing Hu
- Department of Hematology, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
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15
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Srivastava SP, Kanasaki K. Editorial: Receptor Biology and Cell Signaling in Diabetes. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:864117. [PMID: 35370643 PMCID: PMC8965761 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.864117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Swayam Prakash Srivastava
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.,Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Keizo Kanasaki
- Internal Medicine 1, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Japan
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16
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Jiang Z, Xia W, Dai G, Zhang B, Li Y, Chen X. MicroRNA miR-4709-3p targets Large Tumor Suppressor Kinase 2 (LATS2) and induces obstructive renal fibrosis through Hippo signaling. Bioengineered 2021; 12:12357-12371. [PMID: 34931960 PMCID: PMC8810092 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2002493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obstructive renal fibrosis is the consequence of abnormal extracellular matrix assembly, which eventually results in renal failure, acute, and end‑stage renal infection. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a particular category of small RNAs, modulate the expression of genes post-transcriptionally and regulate biological activities, including fibrogenesis. The study probed to estimate the key functions of miR-4709-3p in obstructive renal fibrosis. This investigation used TGF-β1 stimulated HK-2 in-vitro model, unilateral ureteral occlusion (UUO) mice model, and human Diabetic nephropathy (DN) and Renal interstitial fibrosis (RIF) specimens to depict the abundance of the miR-4709-3p level using FISH and RT-qPCR. MiR-4709-3p mimics and inhibitors were utilized to evaluate the functions of miR-4709-3p in-vitro. Luciferase assay was exploited to verify miR-4709-3p and LATS2 3'UTR binding. Finally, to depict the functions of miR-4709-3p in-vivo, the UUO model was injected with miR-4709-3p inhibitors. Results exhibited the upregulation of miR-4709-3p in UUO-induced in-vivo model, TGF-β1 stimulated HK-2, and human RIF and DN samples. Moreover, it was determined that modulating miR-4709-3p regulated the level of fibrosis markers. Luciferase assay miR-4709-3p modulates renal fibrosis by targeting LATS2. Finally, it was found that miR-4709-3p regulates obstructive renal fibrosis through the Hippo signaling pathway. Overall, the study concludes that aberrant miR-4709-3p expression plays an essential function in the renal fibrosis progression, and miR-4709-3p overexpression could advance obstructive renal fibrosis via LATS2 targeting in Hippo signaling pathway. Therefore, miR-4709-3p inhibition may be a potential renal fibrosis therapy target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zexiang Jiang
- Department of Urology Surgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha City, China
| | - Weiping Xia
- Department of Urology Surgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha City, China
| | - Guoyu Dai
- Department of Urology Surgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha City, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Urology Surgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha City, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Urology Surgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha City, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Department of Urology Surgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha City, China
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17
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Srivastava SP, Zhou H, Setia O, Dardik A, Fernandez‐Hernando C, Goodwin J. Podocyte Glucocorticoid Receptors Are Essential for Glomerular Endothelial Cell Homeostasis in Diabetes Mellitus. J Am Heart Assoc 2021; 10:e019437. [PMID: 34308664 PMCID: PMC8475689 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.120.019437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Proteinuria and glomerular segmental fibrosis are inevitable complications of diabetic nephropathy though their mechanisms are poorly understood. Understanding the clinical characteristics and pathogenesis of proteinuria and glomerular segmental fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy is, therefore, urgently needed for patient management of this severe disease. Methods and Results Diabetes mellitus was induced in podocyte-specific glucocorticoid receptor knockout (GRPKO) mice and control littermates by administration of streptozotocin. Primary podocytes were isolated and subjected to analysis of Wnt signaling and fatty acid metabolism. Conditioned media from primary podocytes was transferred to glomerular endothelial cells. Histologic analysis of kidneys from diabetic GRPKO mice showed worsened fibrosis, increased collagen deposition, and glomerulomegaly indicating severe glomerular fibrosis. Higher expression of transforming growth factor-βR1 and β-catenin and suppressed expression of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A in nephrin-positive cells were found in the kidneys of diabetic GRPKO mice. Podocytes isolated from diabetic GRPKO mice demonstrated significantly higher profibrotic gene expression and suppressed fatty acid oxidation compared with controls. Administration of a Wnt inhibitor significantly improved the fibrotic features in GRPKO mice. The glomerular endothelium of diabetic GRPKO mice demonstrated the features of endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Moreover, endothelial cells treated with conditioned media from podocytes lacking GR showed increased expression of α-smooth muscle actin, transforming growth factor-βR1 and β-catenin levels. Conclusions These data demonstrate that loss of podocyte GR leads to upregulation of Wnt signaling and disruption in fatty acid metabolism. Podocyte-endothelial cell crosstalk, mediated through GR, is important for glomerular homeostasis, and its disruption likely contributes to diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swayam Prakash Srivastava
- Department of PediatricsYale University School of MedicineNew HavenCT
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics ProgramYale University School of MedicineNew HavenCT
| | - Han Zhou
- Department of PediatricsYale University School of MedicineNew HavenCT
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics ProgramYale University School of MedicineNew HavenCT
| | - Ocean Setia
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics ProgramYale University School of MedicineNew HavenCT
- Department of SurgeryYale University School of MedicineNew HavenCT
| | - Alan Dardik
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics ProgramYale University School of MedicineNew HavenCT
- Department of SurgeryYale University School of MedicineNew HavenCT
- Department of SurgeryVA Connecticut Healthcare SystemsWest HavenCT
| | - Carlos Fernandez‐Hernando
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics ProgramYale University School of MedicineNew HavenCT
- Department of Comparative MedicineYale University School of MedicineNew HavenCT
- Program in Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism (ICSNM)Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenCT
- Department of PathologyYale University School of MedicineNew HavenCT
| | - Julie Goodwin
- Department of PediatricsYale University School of MedicineNew HavenCT
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics ProgramYale University School of MedicineNew HavenCT
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18
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Srivastava SP, Srivastava R, Chand S, Goodwin JE. Coronavirus Disease (COVID)-19 and Diabetic Kidney Disease. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:751. [PMID: 34451848 PMCID: PMC8398861 DOI: 10.3390/ph14080751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The present review describes COVID-19 severity in diabetes and diabetic kidney disease. We discuss the crucial effect of COVID-19-associated cytokine storm and linked injuries and associated severe mesenchymal activation in tubular epithelial cells, endothelial cells, and macrophages that influence neighboring cell homeostasis, resulting in severe proteinuria and organ fibrosis in diabetes. Altered microRNA expression disrupts cellular homeostasis and the renin-angiotensin-system, targets reno-protective signaling proteins, such as angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and MAS1 receptor (MAS), and facilitates viral entry and replication in kidney cells. COVID-19-associated endotheliopathy that interacts with other cell types, such as neutrophils, platelets, and macrophages, is one factor that accelerates prethrombotic reactions and thrombus formation, resulting in organ failures in diabetes. Apart from targeting vital signaling through ACE2 and MAS, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections are also associated with higher profibrotic dipeptidyl transferase-4 (DPP-4)-mediated mechanisms and suppression of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation in kidney cells. Lowered DPP-4 levels and restoration of AMPK levels are organ-protective, suggesting a pathogenic role of DPP-4 and a protective role of AMPK in diabetic COVID-19 patients. In addition to standard care provided to COVID-19 patients, we urgently need novel drug therapies that support the stability and function of both organs and cell types in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swayam Prakash Srivastava
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Rohit Srivastava
- Laboratory of Medical Transcriptomics, Department of Endocrinology, Nephrology Services, Hadassah Hebrew-University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91905, Israel;
| | - Subhash Chand
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA;
| | - Julie E. Goodwin
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
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19
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Wang L, Wang HL, Liu TT, Lan HY. TGF-Beta as a Master Regulator of Diabetic Nephropathy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7881. [PMID: 34360646 PMCID: PMC8345981 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22157881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most common complications in diabetes mellitus and the leading cause of end-stage renal disease. TGF-β is a pleiotropic cytokine and has been recognized as a key mediator of DN. However, anti-TGF-β treatment for DN remains controversial due to the diverse role of TGF-β1 in DN. Thus, understanding the regulatory role and mechanisms of TGF-β in the pathogenesis of DN is the initial step towards the development of anti-TGF-β treatment for DN. In this review, we first discuss the diverse roles and signaling mechanisms of TGF-β in DN by focusing on the latent versus active TGF-β1, the TGF-β receptors, and the downstream individual Smad signaling molecules including Smad2, Smad3, Smad4, and Smad7. Then, we dissect the regulatory mechanisms of TGF-β/Smad signaling in the development of DN by emphasizing Smad-dependent non-coding RNAs including microRNAs and long-non-coding RNAs. Finally, the potential therapeutic strategies for DN by targeting TGF-β signaling with various therapeutic approaches are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Research Center for Integrative Medicine, Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; (L.W.); (H.-L.W.); (T.-T.L.)
| | - Hong-Lian Wang
- Research Center for Integrative Medicine, Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; (L.W.); (H.-L.W.); (T.-T.L.)
| | - Tong-Tong Liu
- Research Center for Integrative Medicine, Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; (L.W.); (H.-L.W.); (T.-T.L.)
| | - Hui-Yao Lan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
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20
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Srivastava SP, Kanasaki K, Goodwin JE. Editorial: Combating Diabetes and Diabetic Kidney Disease. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:716029. [PMID: 34305620 PMCID: PMC8295890 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.716029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Swayam Prakash Srivastava
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.,Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Keizo Kanasaki
- Internal Medicine 1, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Japan
| | - Julie E Goodwin
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.,Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
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21
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Srivastava SP, Goodwin JE, Tripathi P, Kanasaki K, Koya D. Interactions among Long Non-Coding RNAs and microRNAs Influence Disease Phenotype in Diabetes and Diabetic Kidney Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22116027. [PMID: 34199672 PMCID: PMC8199750 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22116027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Large-scale RNA sequencing and genome-wide profiling data revealed the identification of a heterogeneous group of noncoding RNAs, known as long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). These lncRNAs play central roles in health and disease processes in diabetes and cancer. The critical association between aberrant expression of lncRNAs in diabetes and diabetic kidney disease have been reported. LncRNAs regulate diverse targets and can function as sponges for regulatory microRNAs, which influence disease phenotype in the kidneys. Importantly, lncRNAs and microRNAs may regulate bidirectional or crosstalk mechanisms, which need to be further investigated. These studies offer the novel possibility that lncRNAs may be used as potential therapeutic targets for diabetes and diabetic kidney diseases. Here, we discuss the functions and mechanisms of actions of lncRNAs, and their crosstalk interactions with microRNAs, which provide insight and promise as therapeutic targets, emphasizing their role in the pathogenesis of diabetes and diabetic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swayam Prakash Srivastava
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA;
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
- Correspondence: or (S.P.S.); (D.K.)
| | - Julie E. Goodwin
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA;
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Pratima Tripathi
- Department of Biochemistry, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226010, India;
| | - Keizo Kanasaki
- Internal Medicine 1, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo 693-0021, Japan;
| | - Daisuke Koya
- Department of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
- Correspondence: or (S.P.S.); (D.K.)
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22
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Srivastava SP, Li J, Takagaki Y, Kitada M, Goodwin JE, Kanasaki K, Koya D. Endothelial SIRT3 regulates myofibroblast metabolic shifts in diabetic kidneys. iScience 2021; 24:102390. [PMID: 33981977 PMCID: PMC8086030 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Defects in endothelial cells cause deterioration in kidney function and structure. Here, we found that endothelial SIRT3 regulates metabolic reprogramming and fibrogenesis in the kidneys of diabetic mice. By analyzing, gain of function of the SIRT3 gene by overexpression in a fibrotic mouse strain conferred disease resistance against diabetic kidney fibrosis, whereas its loss of function in endothelial cells exacerbated the levels of diabetic kidney fibrosis. Regulation of endothelial cell SIRT3 on fibrogenic processes was due to tight control over the defective central metabolism and linked activation of endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT). SIRT3 deficiency in endothelial cells stimulated the TGFβ/Smad3-dependent mesenchymal transformations in renal tubular epithelial cells. These data demonstrate that SIRT3 regulates defective metabolism and EndMT-mediated activation of the fibrogenic pathways in the diabetic kidneys. Together, our findings show that endothelial SIRT3 is a fundamental regulator of defective metabolism regulating health and disease processes in the kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swayam Prakash Srivastava
- Department of Diabetology & Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics (Nephrology) Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Jinpeng Li
- Department of Diabetology & Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
| | - Yuta Takagaki
- Department of Diabetology & Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
| | - Munehiro Kitada
- Department of Diabetology & Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
- Department of Anticipatory Molecular Food Science and Technology, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
| | - Julie E. Goodwin
- Department of Pediatrics (Nephrology) Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Keizo Kanasaki
- Department of Diabetology & Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
- Department of Anticipatory Molecular Food Science and Technology, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
- Internal Medicine 1, Shimane University, Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Shimane 693-8501, Japan
| | - Daisuke Koya
- Department of Diabetology & Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
- Department of Anticipatory Molecular Food Science and Technology, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
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23
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Giordo R, Ahmed YMA, Allam H, Abusnana S, Pappalardo L, Nasrallah GK, Mangoni AA, Pintus G. EndMT Regulation by Small RNAs in Diabetes-Associated Fibrotic Conditions: Potential Link With Oxidative Stress. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:683594. [PMID: 34095153 PMCID: PMC8170089 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.683594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes-associated complications, such as retinopathy, nephropathy, cardiomyopathy, and atherosclerosis, the main consequences of long-term hyperglycemia, often lead to organ dysfunction, disability, and increased mortality. A common denominator of these complications is the myofibroblast-driven excessive deposition of extracellular matrix proteins. Although fibroblast appears to be the primary source of myofibroblasts, other cells, including endothelial cells, can generate myofibroblasts through a process known as endothelial to mesenchymal transition (EndMT). During EndMT, endothelial cells lose their typical phenotype to acquire mesenchymal features, characterized by the development of invasive and migratory abilities as well as the expression of typical mesenchymal products such as α-smooth muscle actin and type I collagen. EndMT is involved in many chronic and fibrotic diseases and appears to be regulated by complex molecular mechanisms and different signaling pathways. Recent evidence suggests that small RNAs, in particular microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), are crucial mediators of EndMT. Furthermore, EndMT and miRNAs are both affected by oxidative stress, another key player in the pathophysiology of diabetic fibrotic complications. In this review, we provide an overview of the primary redox signals underpinning the diabetic-associated fibrotic process. Then, we discuss the current knowledge on the role of small RNAs in the regulation of EndMT in diabetic retinopathy, nephropathy, cardiomyopathy, and atherosclerosis and highlight potential links between oxidative stress and the dyad small RNAs-EndMT in driving these pathological states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Giordo
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences and Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Yusra M. A. Ahmed
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences and Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hilda Allam
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences and Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Salah Abusnana
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, University Hospital Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Lucia Pappalardo
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Environmental Studies, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Gheyath K. Nasrallah
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences Member of QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Arduino Aleksander Mangoni
- Discipline of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Gianfranco Pintus
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences and Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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24
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Huang H, Zhang G, Ge Z. lncRNA MALAT1 Promotes Renal Fibrosis in Diabetic Nephropathy by Targeting the miR-2355-3p/IL6ST Axis. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:647650. [PMID: 33995063 PMCID: PMC8117091 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.647650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNA (lncRNAs) metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) has been reported in diabetic nephropathy (DN) about its effect on podocyte function and cell heat shock induced by hyperglycemia. However, the biological mechanism of MALAT1 regulating DN fibrosis needs further study. In this study, SD rats were administrated with streptozotocin (STZ) to establish a diabetes model. In vitro, human renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2 and 293T) were treated with high glucose (HG). Here, we found that MALAT1 was upregulated in renal tissues of diabetic rats and HG-treated cells, and HG treatment promoted cell proliferation and invasion. MALAT1 overexpression aggravated protein levels of collagen I (col I), collagen IV (col IV), fibronectin (FN), and laminin (LN) in HK-2 cells, while MALAT1 knockdown exerted the opposite effect. Moreover, the luciferase reporter gene and pull-down assays demonstrated that MALAT1 interacted with miR-2355-3p. The miR-2355-3p level was downregulated in diabetic rats and HG-treated cells, and MALAT1 overexpression inhibited the miR-2355-3p level. Bioinformatics prediction and luciferase reporter gene assay revealed that interleukin 6 signal transducer (IL6ST) was a target of miR-2355-3p. In addition, miR-2355-3p overexpression attenuated fibrosis-related gene levels in HG-treated cells by inhibiting IL6ST expression and inactivating the recombinant signal transducer and activator of the transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway. Knockdown of miR-2355-3p reversed the inhibitory effect of MALAT1 knockdown on IL6ST, col I, col IV, FN, and LN protein levels in HG-induced cells. Overexpression of MALAT1 aggravated cell damage in HG-induced cells via the miR-2355-3p/IL6ST/STAT3 signaling pathway. Finally, enhanced renal fibrosis and kidney tissue damage were observed in diabetic rats. In conclusion, MALAT1 overexpression may enhance renal fibrosis in diabetic rats and cell damage in HG-induced HK-2 cells via the miR-2355-3p/IL6ST axis, which provides a new perspective of DN treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haozi Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Guowei Zhang
- Intensive Care Unit, Adult Cardiovascular Surgery, Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhenying Ge
- Basic Medical College, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
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25
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Srivastava SP, Zhou H, Setia O, Liu B, Kanasaki K, Koya D, Dardik A, Fernandez-Hernando C, Goodwin J. Loss of endothelial glucocorticoid receptor accelerates diabetic nephropathy. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2368. [PMID: 33888696 PMCID: PMC8062600 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22617-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cells play a key role in the regulation of disease. Defective regulation of endothelial cell homeostasis may cause mesenchymal activation of other endothelial cells or neighboring cell types, and in both cases contributes to organ fibrosis. Regulatory control of endothelial cell homeostasis is not well studied. Diabetes accelerates renal fibrosis in mice lacking the endothelial glucocorticoid receptor (GR), compared to control mice. Hypercholesterolemia further enhances severe renal fibrosis. The fibrogenic phenotype in the kidneys of diabetic mice lacking endothelial GR is associated with aberrant cytokine and chemokine reprogramming, augmented Wnt signaling and suppression of fatty acid oxidation. Both neutralization of IL-6 and Wnt inhibition improve kidney fibrosis by mitigating mesenchymal transition. Conditioned media from endothelial cells from diabetic mice lacking endothelial GR stimulate Wnt signaling-dependent epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in tubular epithelial cells from diabetic controls. These data demonstrate that endothelial GR is an essential antifibrotic molecule in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swayam Prakash Srivastava
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine New Haven, New Haven, CT, USA
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine New Haven, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Japan
| | - Han Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine New Haven, New Haven, CT, USA
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine New Haven, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Ocean Setia
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine New Haven, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine New Haven, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Bing Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine New Haven, New Haven, CT, USA
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine New Haven, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Keizo Kanasaki
- Department of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Japan
| | - Daisuke Koya
- Department of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Japan
| | - Alan Dardik
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine New Haven, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine New Haven, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Surgery, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Carlos Fernandez-Hernando
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine New Haven, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine New Haven, New Haven, CT, USA
- Program in Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism (ICSNM), Yale University School of Medicine New Haven, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine New Haven, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Julie Goodwin
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine New Haven, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine New Haven, New Haven, CT, USA.
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26
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Srivastava SP, Kanasaki K, Goodwin JE. Loss of Mitochondrial Control Impacts Renal Health. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:543973. [PMID: 33362536 PMCID: PMC7756079 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.543973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Disruption of mitochondrial biosynthesis or dynamics, or loss of control over mitochondrial regulation leads to a significant alteration in fuel preference and metabolic shifts that potentially affect the health of kidney cells. Mitochondria regulate metabolic networks which affect multiple cellular processes. Indeed, mitochondria have established themselves as therapeutic targets in several diseases. The importance of mitochondria in regulating the pathogenesis of several diseases has been recognized, however, there is limited understanding of mitochondrial biology in the kidney. This review provides an overview of mitochondrial dysfunction in kidney diseases. We describe the importance of mitochondria and mitochondrial sirtuins in the regulation of renal metabolic shifts in diverse cells types, and review this loss of control leads to increased cell-to-cell transdifferentiation processes and myofibroblast-metabolic shifts, which affect the pathophysiology of several kidney diseases. In addition, we examine mitochondrial-targeted therapeutic agents that offer potential leads in combating kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swayam Prakash Srivastava
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Keizo Kanasaki
- Internal Medicine 1, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Japan
| | - Julie E. Goodwin
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
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27
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Shi S, Song L, Yu H, Feng S, He J, Liu Y, He Y. Knockdown of LncRNA-H19 Ameliorates Kidney Fibrosis in Diabetic Mice by Suppressing miR-29a-Mediated EndMT. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:586895. [PMID: 33324218 PMCID: PMC7725869 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.586895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy is the leading cause of kidney fibrosis. Recently, altered expressed or dysfunction of some long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) has been linked to kidney fibrosis; however, the mechanisms of lncRNAs in kidney fibrosis remain unclear. We have shown that the DPP-4 inhibitor linagliptin can inhibit endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) and ameliorate diabetic kidney fibrosis associated with DPP-4 protein levels via the induction of miR-29. Here, we found that expression of the lncRNA H19 was significantly up-regulated in TGF-β2-induced fibrosis in human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HMVECs) in vitro, and in kidney fibrosis of streptozotocin-induced diabetic CD-1 mice. We also detected up-regulated H19 expression and down-regulated miR-29a expression in the early and advanced mouse models of diabetic kidney fibrosis. H19 knockdown significantly attenuated kidney fibrosis in vitro and in vivo, which was associated with the inhibition of the EndMT-associated gene FSP-1. We also found that the up-regulation of H19 observed in fibrotic kidneys associated with the suppression of miR-29a in diabetic mice. H19, miR-29a, and EndMT contribute to a regulatory network involved in kidney fibrosis, and are associated with regulation of the TGF-β/SMAD3 singling pathway. This study indicates that inhibition of LncRNA H19 represents a novel anti-fibrotic treatment for diabetic kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Shi
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luhzou, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China.,Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Luzhou, China
| | - Li Song
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luhzou, China
| | - Hao Yu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luhzou, China
| | - Songlin Feng
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luhzou, China
| | - Jianhua He
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luhzou, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luhzou, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China.,Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Luzhou, China
| | - Yanzheng He
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luhzou, China
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Li J, Liu H, Srivastava SP, Hu Q, Gao R, Li S, Kitada M, Wu G, Koya D, Kanasaki K. Endothelial FGFR1 (Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 1) Deficiency Contributes Differential Fibrogenic Effects in Kidney and Heart of Diabetic Mice. Hypertension 2020; 76:1935-1944. [PMID: 33131311 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.15587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) has been shown to contribute to organ fibrogenesis. We have reported that N-acetyl-seryl-aspartyl- lysyl-proline (AcSDKP) restored levels of diabetes mellitus-suppressed FGFR1 (fibroblast growth factor receptor 1), the endothelial receptor essential for combating EndMT. However, the molecular regulation and biological/pathological significance of the AcSDKP-FGFR1 relationship has not been elucidated yet. Here, we demonstrated that endothelial FGFR1 deficiency led to AcSDKP-resistant EndMT and severe fibrosis associated with EndMT-stimulated fibrogenic programming in neighboring cells. Diabetes mellitus induced severe kidney fibrosis in endothelial FGFR1-deficient mice (FGFR1fl/fl; VE-cadherin-Cre: FGFR1EKO) but not in control mice (FGFR1fl/fl); AcSDKP completely or partially suppressed kidney fibrosis in control or FGFR1EKO mice. Severe fibrosis was also induced in hearts of diabetic FGFR1EKO mice; however, AcSDKP had no effect on heart fibrosis in FGFR1EKO mice. AcSDKP also had no effect on EndMT in either kidney or heart but partially suppressed epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in kidneys of diabetic FGFR1EKO mice. The medium from FGFR1-deficient endothelial cells stimulated TGFβ (transforming growth factor β)/Smad-dependent epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in cultured human proximal tubule epithelial cell line, AcSDKP inhibited such epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. These data demonstrated that endothelial FGFR1 is essential as an antifibrotic core molecule as the target of AcSDKP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinpeng Li
- From the Department of Diabetology & Endocrinology (J.L., H.L., S.P.S., Q.H., R.G., S., M.K., D.K., K.K.), Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan.,Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Wuhan University Zhongnan Hospital, PR China (J.L., G.W.)
| | - Haijie Liu
- From the Department of Diabetology & Endocrinology (J.L., H.L., S.P.S., Q.H., R.G., S., M.K., D.K., K.K.), Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Swayam Prakash Srivastava
- From the Department of Diabetology & Endocrinology (J.L., H.L., S.P.S., Q.H., R.G., S., M.K., D.K., K.K.), Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.P.S.).,Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine New Haven, CT (S.P.S.)
| | - Qiongying Hu
- From the Department of Diabetology & Endocrinology (J.L., H.L., S.P.S., Q.H., R.G., S., M.K., D.K., K.K.), Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Rongfen Gao
- From the Department of Diabetology & Endocrinology (J.L., H.L., S.P.S., Q.H., R.G., S., M.K., D.K., K.K.), Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Shaolan Li
- From the Department of Diabetology & Endocrinology (J.L., H.L., S.P.S., Q.H., R.G., S., M.K., D.K., K.K.), Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Munehiro Kitada
- From the Department of Diabetology & Endocrinology (J.L., H.L., S.P.S., Q.H., R.G., S., M.K., D.K., K.K.), Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan.,Division of Anticipatory Molecular Food Science and Technology, Medical Research Institute (M.K., D.K., K.K.), Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Gaosong Wu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Wuhan University Zhongnan Hospital, PR China (J.L., G.W.)
| | - Daisuke Koya
- From the Department of Diabetology & Endocrinology (J.L., H.L., S.P.S., Q.H., R.G., S., M.K., D.K., K.K.), Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan.,Division of Anticipatory Molecular Food Science and Technology, Medical Research Institute (M.K., D.K., K.K.), Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Keizo Kanasaki
- From the Department of Diabetology & Endocrinology (J.L., H.L., S.P.S., Q.H., R.G., S., M.K., D.K., K.K.), Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan.,Division of Anticipatory Molecular Food Science and Technology, Medical Research Institute (M.K., D.K., K.K.), Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan.,Department of Internal Medicine 1, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Japan (K.K.)
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29
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Wang J, Qian Y, Gao X, Mao N, Geng Y, Lin G, Zhang G, Li H, Yang F, Xu H. Synthesis and Identification of a Novel Peptide, Ac-SDK (Biotin) Proline, That Can Elicit Anti-Fibrosis Effects in Rats Suffering from Silicosis. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2020; 14:4315-4326. [PMID: 33116418 PMCID: PMC7585281 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s262716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background N-Acetyl-seryl-aspartyl-lysyl-proline (Ac-SDKP) is a short peptide with an anti-silicosis effect. However, the short biological half-life and low plasma concentration of Ac-SDKP hamper discovery of specific targets in organisms and reduce the anti-silicosis effect. A novel peptide, Ac-SDK (biotin) proline, termed “Ac-B”, with anti-fibrotic properties was synthesized. Methods Ac-B was detected quantitatively by high-performance liquid chromatography. Phagocytosis of Ac-B by the alveolar epithelial cell line A549 was investigated by confocal laser scanning microscopy and flow cytometry. To further elucidate the cellular-uptake mechanism of Ac-B, chemical inhibitors of specific uptake pathways were used. After stimulation with transforming growth factor-β1, the effects of Ac-B on expression of the myofibroblast marker vimentin and accumulation of collagen type I in A549 cells were analyzed by Western blotting. Sirius Red staining and immunohistochemical analyses of the effect of Ac-B on expression of α-smooth muscle actin (SMA) in a rat model of silicosis were undertaken. Results Ac-B had good traceability during the uptake, entry, and distribution in cells. Ac-B treatment prevented an increase in α-SMA expression in vivo and in vitro and was superior to that of Ac-SDKP. Caveolae-mediated uptake of Ac-B by A549 cells led to achieving anti-epithelial–mesenchymal transformation (EMT) effects. Conclusion Ac-B had an anti-fibrotic effect and could be a promising agent for the fibrosis observed in silicosis in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201700, People's Republic of China.,Hebei Key Laboratory for Chronic Diseases, Tangshan Key Laboratory for Preclinical and Basic Research on Chronic Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Qian
- Hebei Key Laboratory for Chronic Diseases, Tangshan Key Laboratory for Preclinical and Basic Research on Chronic Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuemin Gao
- Medical Research Center, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Geriatric Medicine, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Mao
- Medical Research Center, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Geriatric Medicine, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, People's Republic of China
| | - Yucong Geng
- Department of Pathology, Haigang Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, 066000, People's Republic of China
| | - Gaojie Lin
- Medical Research Center, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Geriatric Medicine, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, People's Republic of China
| | - Guibin Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory for Chronic Diseases, Tangshan Key Laboratory for Preclinical and Basic Research on Chronic Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Li
- Medical Research Center, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Geriatric Medicine, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Yang
- Medical Research Center, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Geriatric Medicine, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Xu
- Medical Research Center, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Geriatric Medicine, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, People's Republic of China
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Hulshoff MS, Del Monte-Nieto G, Kovacic J, Krenning G. Non-coding RNA in endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Cardiovasc Res 2020; 115:1716-1731. [PMID: 31504268 PMCID: PMC6755356 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvz211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) is the process wherein endothelial cells lose their typical endothelial cell markers and functions and adopt a mesenchymal-like phenotype. EndMT is required for development of the cardiac valves, the pulmonary and dorsal aorta, and arterial maturation, but activation of the EndMT programme during adulthood is believed to contribute to several pathologies including organ fibrosis, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Non-coding RNAs, including microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs, modulate EndMT during development and disease. Here, we review the mechanisms by which non-coding RNAs facilitate or inhibit EndMT during development and disease and provide a perspective on the therapeutic application of non-coding RNAs to treat fibroproliferative cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie S Hulshoff
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1 (EA11), Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center of Göttingen, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Jason Kovacic
- Dept. Cardiology, Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Guido Krenning
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1 (EA11), Groningen, The Netherlands
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31
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Mizunuma Y, Kanasaki K, Nitta K, Nakamura Y, Ishigaki Y, Takagaki Y, Kitada M, Li S, Liu H, Li J, Usui I, Aso Y, Koya D. CD-1 db/db mice: A novel type 2 diabetic mouse model with progressive kidney fibrosis. J Diabetes Investig 2020; 11:1470-1481. [PMID: 32472621 PMCID: PMC7610117 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.13311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims/Introduction To establish novel therapies to combat diabetic kidney disease, a human disease‐relevant animal model is essential. However, a type 2 diabetic mouse model presenting progressive kidney fibrosis has not yet been established. Kidneys of streptozotocin‐induced diabetic CD‐1 mice showed severe fibrosis compared with other backgrounds of mice associated with the suppression of antifibrotic peptide N‐acetyl‐seryl‐aspartyl‐lysyl‐proline. The BKS background (BKSdb/db) is often utilized for diabetic kidney disease research; the kidney fibrosis in the BKSdb/db phenotype is minimal. Materials and Methods We generated CD‐1db/db mice by backcrossing the db gene into the CD‐1 background, and analyzed phenotypic differences compared with BKSdb/db and CD‐1db/m mice. Results Male CD‐1db/db mice appeared to have elevated blood glucose levels compared with those of BKSdb/db mice. Fasting insulin levels declined in CD‐1db/db mice. Plasma cystatin C levels tended to be elevated in CD‐1db/db mice from 16 to 24 weeks‐of‐age. Male CD‐1db/db mice showed significantly progressive kidney and heart fibrosis from 16 to 24 weeks‐of‐age when compared with that of age‐matched BKSdb/db mice. The gene expression profile showed fibrogenic program‐associated genes in male CD‐1db/db mice. Male CD‐1db/db mice displayed significantly lower urine antifibrotic peptide N‐acetyl‐seryl‐aspartyl‐lysyl‐proline when compared to that of BKSdb/db at 24 weeks‐of‐age. The gene expression of prolyl oligopeptidase, the enzyme essential for antifibrotic peptide N‐acetyl‐seryl‐aspartyl‐lysyl‐proline production from thymosin β4, was significantly lower in the CD‐1 mice. Thymosin β4 levels were also lower in CD‐1 mice. Conclusions These results suggest that CD‐1db/db mice are a novel type 2 diabetic mouse model with progressive kidney and heart fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuiko Mizunuma
- Department of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Keizo Kanasaki
- Department of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan.,Division of Anticipatory Molecular Food Science and Technology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan.,Internal Medicine 1, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Shimane, Japan
| | - Kyoko Nitta
- Department of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Yuka Nakamura
- Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Ishigaki
- Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Yuta Takagaki
- Department of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Munehiro Kitada
- Department of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan.,Division of Anticipatory Molecular Food Science and Technology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Shaolan Li
- Department of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Haijie Liu
- Department of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Jinpeng Li
- Department of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Isao Usui
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Aso
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Daisuke Koya
- Department of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan.,Division of Anticipatory Molecular Food Science and Technology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan
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32
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Srivastava SP, Goodwin JE, Kanasaki K, Koya D. Metabolic reprogramming by N-acetyl-seryl-aspartyl-lysyl-proline protects against diabetic kidney disease. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 177:3691-3711. [PMID: 32352559 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE ACE inhibitors (ACEIs) and AT1 receptor antagonists (ARBs) are first-line drugs that are believed to reduce the progression of end-stage renal disease in diabetic patients. Differences in the effects of ACEIs and ARBs are not well studied and the mechanisms responsible are not well understood. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Male diabetic CD-1 mice were treated with ACEI, ARB, N-acetyl-seryl-aspartyl-lysyl-proline (AcSDKP), ACEI + AcSDKP, ARB + AcSDKP, glycolysis inhibitors or non-treatment. Moreover, prolyl oligopeptidase inhibitor (POPi)-injected male diabetic C57Bl6 mice were treated with ACEI, AcSDKP and ARB or non-treatment. Western blot and immunofluorescent staining were used to examine key enzymes and regulators of central metabolism. KEY RESULTS The antifibrotic action of ACEI imidapril is due to an AcSDKP-mediated antifibrotic mechanism, which reprograms the central metabolism including restoring SIRT3 protein and mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation and suppression of abnormal glucose metabolism in the diabetic kidney. Moreover, the POPi S17092 significantly blocked the AcSDKP synthesis, accelerated kidney fibrosis and disrupted the central metabolism. ACEI partly restored the kidney fibrosis and elevated the AcSDKP level, whereas the ARB (TA-606) did not show such effects in the POPi-injected mice. ACE inhibition and AcSDKP suppressed defective metabolism-linked mesenchymal transformations and reduced collagen-I and fibronectin accumulation in the diabetic kidneys. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS The study envisages that AcSDKP is the endogenous antifibrotic mediator that controls the metabolic switch between glucose and fatty acid metabolism and that suppression of AcSDKP leads to disruption of kidney cell metabolism and activates mesenchymal transformations leading to severe fibrosis in the diabetic kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swayam Prakash Srivastava
- Division of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Julie E Goodwin
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Keizo Kanasaki
- Division of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan.,Division of Anticipatory Molecular Food Science and Technology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Daisuke Koya
- Division of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan.,Division of Anticipatory Molecular Food Science and Technology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan
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33
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Srivastava SP, Goodwin JE. Cancer Biology and Prevention in Diabetes. Cells 2020; 9:cells9061380. [PMID: 32498358 PMCID: PMC7349292 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The available evidence suggests a complex relationship between diabetes and cancer. Epidemiological data suggest a positive correlation, however, in certain types of cancer, a more complex picture emerges, such as in some site-specific cancers being specific to type I diabetes but not to type II diabetes. Reports share common and differential mechanisms which affect the relationship between diabetes and cancer. We discuss the use of antidiabetic drugs in a wide range of cancer therapy and cancer therapeutics in the development of hyperglycemia, especially antineoplastic drugs which often induce hyperglycemia by targeting insulin/IGF-1 signaling. Similarly, dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4), a well-known target in type II diabetes mellitus, has differential effects on cancer types. Past studies suggest a protective role of DPP-4 inhibitors, but recent studies show that DPP-4 inhibition induces cancer metastasis. Moreover, molecular pathological mechanisms of cancer in diabetes are currently largely unclear. The cancer-causing mechanisms in diabetes have been shown to be complex, including excessive ROS-formation, destruction of essential biomolecules, chronic inflammation, and impaired healing phenomena, collectively leading to carcinogenesis in diabetic conditions. Diabetes-associated epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) contribute to cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) formation in tumors, allowing the epithelium and endothelium to enable tumor cell extravasation. In this review, we discuss the risk of cancer associated with anti-diabetic therapies, including DPP-4 inhibitors and SGLT2 inhibitors, and the role of catechol-o-methyltransferase (COMT), AMPK, and cell-specific glucocorticoid receptors in cancer biology. We explore possible mechanistic links between diabetes and cancer biology and discuss new therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swayam Prakash Srivastava
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8064, USA
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8066, USA
- Correspondence: (S.P.S.); (J.E.G.)
| | - Julie E. Goodwin
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8064, USA
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8066, USA
- Correspondence: (S.P.S.); (J.E.G.)
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Ban TH, Kim EN, Kim MY, Lim JH, Lee JH, Kim HD, Yoon HE, Park CW, Choi BS. Renoprotective Effect of a Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitor on Aging Mice. Aging Dis 2020; 11:588-602. [PMID: 32489704 PMCID: PMC7220286 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2019.0620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors exert pleiotropic effects beyond glycemic control. We investigated the renoprotective effects of DPP-4 inhibitors on aging mice mediated by the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). C57BL/6 mice were divided into three groups: the two-month-old mice (YM group), the eighteen-month-old mice (AM group) and the eighteen-month-old, linagliptin-treated mice (AM + LIN group). Renal function was improved, based on serum creatinine and cystatin-C levels (p < 0.05 compared with the AM group for both parameters). Fibrotic areas and the levels of proteins related to fibrosis improved in the AM + LIN group (p < 0.001 compared with the AM group for all parameters). In the AM + LIN group, the DPP-4-positive area and activity and expressions of DPP-4 were decreased (p < 0.05 compared with the AM group for all parameters). The levels of proteins related to the RAS, including prorenin receptor, angiotensin-converting enzyme, angiotensin II and angiotensin 1 receptor, were decreased in the AM + LIN group (p < 0.05, p < 0.01, p < 0.05, and p < 0.01 compared with the AM group, respectively). NADPH oxidase 2 and NADPH oxidase 4 levels decreased in the AM + LIN group (p < 0.001 compared with the AM group for both proteins), whereas the levels of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) phosphorylated at serine1177 and superoxide dismutase 1 were increased (p < 0.01 compared with the AM group for both proteins). DPP-4 inhibitors may exert renoprotective effects via prorenin receptor/angiotensin-converting enzyme/angiotensin II/angiotensin 1 receptor axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae H Ban
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun N Kim
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Y Kim
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji H Lim
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong H Lee
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung D Kim
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye E Yoon
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol W Park
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bum S Choi
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kanasaki K. N-acetyl-seryl-aspartyl-lysyl-proline is a valuable endogenous antifibrotic peptide for kidney fibrosis in diabetes: An update and translational aspects. J Diabetes Investig 2020; 11:516-526. [PMID: 31997585 PMCID: PMC7232267 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.13219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
N-acetyl-seryl-aspartyl-lysyl-proline (AcSDKP) is an endogenous peptide that has been confirmed to show excellent organ-protective effects. Even though originally discovered as a modulator of hemotopoietic stem cells, during the recent two decades, AcSDKP has been recognized as valuable antifibrotic peptide. The antifibrotic mechanism of AcSDKP is not yet clear; we have established that AcSDKP could target endothelial-mesenchymal transition program through the induction of the endothelial fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway. Also, recent reports suggested the clinical significance of AcSDKP. The aim of this review was to update recent advances of the mechanistic action of AcSDKP and discuss translational research aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keizo Kanasaki
- Internal Medicine 1Faculty of MedicineShimane UniversityIzumoJapan
- Department of Diabetology and EndocrinologyKanazawa Medical UniversityUchinadaJapan
- Division of Anticipatory Molecular Food Science and TechnologyKanazawa Medical UniversityUchinadaJapan
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36
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Delić D, Wiech F, Urquhart R, Gabrielyan O, Rieber K, Rolser M, Tsuprykov O, Hasan AA, Krämer BK, Baum P, Köhler A, Gantner F, Mark M, Hocher B, Klein T. Linagliptin and telmisartan induced effects on renal and urinary exosomal miRNA expression in rats with 5/6 nephrectomy. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3373. [PMID: 32099009 PMCID: PMC7042229 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60336-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers attenuate chronic kidney disease progression in experimental diabetic and non-diabetic nephropathy in a blood pressure and glucose independent manner, but the exact molecular mechanisms remain unclear. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, non-coding RNA species that are important post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression and play an important role in the pathogenesis of nephropathy. miRNAs are present in urine in a remarkably stable form, packaged in extracellular vesicles. Here, we investigated linagliptin and telmisartan induced effects on renal and urinary exosomal miRNA expression in 5/6 nephrectomized rats. In the present study, renal miRNA profiling was conducted using the Nanostring nCounter technology and mRNA profiling using RNA sequencing from the following groups of rats: sham operated plus placebo; 5/6 nephrectomy plus placebo; 5/6 nephrectomy plus telmisartan; and 5/6 nephrectomy plus linagliptin. TaqMan Array miRNA Cards were used to evaluate which of the deregulated miRNAs in the kidney are present in urinary exosomes. In kidneys from 5/6 nephrectomized rats, the expression of 13 miRNAs was significantly increased (>1.5-fold, P < 0.05), whereas the expression of 7 miRNAs was significantly decreased (>1.5-fold, P < 0.05). Most of the deregulated miRNA species are implicated in endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition and inflammatory processes. Both telmisartan and linagliptin suppressed the induction of pro-fibrotic miRNAs, such as miR-199a-3p, and restored levels of anti-fibrotic miR-29c. In conclusion, the linagliptin and telmisartan-induced restorative effects on miR-29c expression were reflected in urinary exosomes, suggesting that miRNA profiling of urinary exosomes might be used as a biomarker for CKD progression and monitoring of treatment effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Delić
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Translational Medicine & Clinical Pharmacology, Biberach, Germany.
| | - Franziska Wiech
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Translational Medicine & Clinical Pharmacology, Biberach, Germany
| | - Richard Urquhart
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Translational Medicine & Clinical Pharmacology, Biberach, Germany
| | - Ogsen Gabrielyan
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Translational Medicine & Clinical Pharmacology, Biberach, Germany
| | - Kathrin Rieber
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Translational Medicine & Clinical Pharmacology, Biberach, Germany
| | - Marcel Rolser
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Translational Medicine & Clinical Pharmacology, Biberach, Germany
| | - Oleg Tsuprykov
- Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ahmed A Hasan
- Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Bernhard K Krämer
- Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Patrick Baum
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Translational Medicine & Clinical Pharmacology, Biberach, Germany
| | - Andreas Köhler
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Translational Medicine & Clinical Pharmacology, Biberach, Germany
| | - Florian Gantner
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Translational Medicine & Clinical Pharmacology, Biberach, Germany
| | - Michael Mark
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Cardiometabolic Diseases Research, Biberach, Germany
| | - Berthold Hocher
- Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Thomas Klein
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Cardiometabolic Diseases Research, Biberach, Germany
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Srivastava SP, Goodwin JE, Kanasaki K, Koya D. Inhibition of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Ameliorates Renal Fibrosis by Mitigating DPP-4 Level and Restoring Antifibrotic MicroRNAs. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11020211. [PMID: 32085655 PMCID: PMC7074526 DOI: 10.3390/genes11020211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Two class of drugs 1) angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEis) and 2) angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) are well-known conventional drugs that can retard the progression of chronic nephropathies to end-stage renal disease. However, there is a lack of comparative studies on the effects of ACEi versus ARB on renal fibrosis. Here, we observed that ACEi ameliorated renal fibrosis by mitigating DPP-4 and TGFβ signaling, whereas, ARB did not show. Moreover, the combination of N-acetyl-seryl-aspartyl-lysyl-proline (AcSDKP), one of the substrates of ACE, with ACEi slightly enhanced the inhibitory effects of ACEi on DPP-4 and associated-TGFβ signaling. Further, the comprehensive miRome analysis in kidneys of ACEi+AcSDKP (combination) treatment revealed the emergence of miR-29s and miR-let-7s as key antifibrotic players. Treatment of cultured cells with ACEi alone or in combination with AcSDKP prevented the downregulated expression of miR-29s and miR-let-7s induced by TGFβ stimulation. Interestingly, ACEi also restored miR-29 and miR-let-7 family cross-talk in endothelial cells, an effect that is shared by AcSDKP suggesting that AcSDKP may be partially involved in the anti-mesenchymal action of ACEi. The results of the present study promise to advance our understanding of how ACEi regulates antifibrotic microRNAs crosstalk and DPP-4 associated-fibrogenic processes which is a critical event in the development of diabetic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swayam Prakash Srivastava
- Department of Diabetology & Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan; (S.P.S.); (D.K.)
- Department of Pediatrics Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA;
| | - Julie E. Goodwin
- Department of Pediatrics Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA;
| | - Keizo Kanasaki
- Department of Diabetology & Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan; (S.P.S.); (D.K.)
- Division of Anticipatory Molecular Food Science and Technology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
- Shimane University Faculty of M2dicine, Internal Medicine 1, Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane 693-8501, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-76-286-2211(Ex3305); Fax: 81-76-286-6927
| | - Daisuke Koya
- Department of Diabetology & Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan; (S.P.S.); (D.K.)
- Division of Anticipatory Molecular Food Science and Technology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
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Regulation of Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition by MicroRNAs in Chronic Allograft Dysfunction. Transplantation 2019; 103:e64-e73. [PMID: 30907855 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000002589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Fibrosis is a universal finding in chronic allograft dysfunction, and it is characterized by an accumulation of extracellular matrix. The precise source of the myofibroblasts responsible for matrix deposition is not understood, and pharmacological strategies for prevention or treatment of fibrosis remain limited. One source of myofibroblasts in fibrosis is an endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT), a process first described in heart development and involving endothelial cells undergoing a phenotypic change to become more like mesenchymal cells. Recently, lineage tracing of endothelial cells in mouse models allowed studies of EndMT in vivo and reported 27% to 35% of myofibroblasts involved in cardiac fibrosis and 16% of isolated fibroblasts in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis to be of endothelial origin. Over the past decade, mature microRNAs (miRNAs) have increasingly been described as key regulators of biological processes through repression or degradation of targeted mRNA. The stability and abundance of miRNAs in body fluids make them attractive as potential biomarkers, and progress is being made in developing miRNA targeted therapeutics. In this review, we will discuss the evidence of miRNA regulation of EndMT from in vitro and in vivo studies and the potential relevance of this to heart, lung, and kidney allograft dysfunction.
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Ghasemi A, Hashemy SI, Azimi-Nezhad M, Dehghani A, Saeidi J, Mohtashami M. The cross-talk between adipokines and miRNAs in health and obesity-mediated diseases. Clin Chim Acta 2019; 499:41-53. [PMID: 31476303 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple studies have revealed a direct correlation between obesity and the development of multiple comorbidities, including metabolic diseases, cardiovascular disorders, chronic inflammatory disease, and cancers. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the link between obesity and the progression of these diseases is not completely understood. Adipokines are factors that are secreted by adipocytes and play a key role in whole body homeostasis. Collaboratively, miRNAs are suggested to have key functions in the development of obesity and obesity-related disorders. Based on recently emerging evidence, obesity leads to the dysregulation of both adipokines and obesity-related miRNAs. In the present study, we described the correlations between obesity and its related diseases that are mediated by the mutual regulatory effects of adipokines and miRNAs. METHODS We reviewed current knowledge of the modulatory effects of adipokines on miRNAs activity and their relevant functions in pathological conditions and vice versa. RESULTS Our research reveals the ability of adipokines and miRNAs to control the expression and activity of the other class of molecules, and their effects on obesity-related diseases. CONCLUSIONS This study may help researchers develop a roadmap for future investigations and provide opportunities to develop new therapeutic and diagnostic methods for treating obesity-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Ghasemi
- Non-communicable Disease Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran.
| | - Seyed Isaac Hashemy
- Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Mohsen Azimi-Nezhad
- Non-communicable Disease Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran; UMR INSERM U 1122, IGE-PCV, Interactions Gène-Environment en Physiopathologie Cardiovascular Université de Lorraine, France
| | - Alireza Dehghani
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jafar Saeidi
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Science, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Mohtashami
- Department of Biology, School of Basic Science, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran
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Srivastava SP, Hedayat AF, Kanasaki K, Goodwin JE. microRNA Crosstalk Influences Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal, Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal, and Macrophage-to-Mesenchymal Transitions in the Kidney. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:904. [PMID: 31474862 PMCID: PMC6707424 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding nucleotides that regulate diverse biological processes. Altered microRNA biosynthesis or regulation contributes to pathological processes including kidney fibrosis. Kidney fibrosis is characterized by deposition of excess extracellular matrix (ECM), which is caused by infiltration of immune cells, inflammatory cells, altered chemokines, and cytokines as well as activation and accumulation of fibroblasts in the kidney. These activated fibroblasts can arise from epithelial cells via epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), from bone marrow-derived M2 phenotype macrophages via macrophage-to-mesenchymal transition (MMT), from endothelial cells via endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT), from resident fibroblasts, and from bone marrow-derived monocytes and play a crucial role in fibrotic events. Disrupted microRNA biosynthesis and aberrant regulation contribute to the activation of mesenchymal programs in the kidney. miR-29 regulates the interaction between dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) and integrin β1 and the associated active transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) and pro-EndMT signaling; however, miR-let-7 targets transforming growth factor β receptors (TGFβRs) to inhibit TGFβ signaling. N-acetyl-seryl-aspartyl-lysyl-proline (AcSDKP) is an endogenous anti-fibrotic peptide, which is associated with fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) phosphorylation and subsequently responsible for the production of miR-let-7. miR-29 and miR-let-7 family clusters participate in crosstalk mechanisms, which are crucial for endothelial cell homeostasis. The physiological level of AcSDKP is vital for the activation of anti-fibrotic mechanisms including restoration of anti-fibrotic microRNA crosstalk and suppression of profibrotic signaling by mitigating DPP-4-associated mesenchymal activation in the epithelial cells, endothelial cells, and M2 phenotype macrophages. The present review highlights recent advancements in the understanding of both the role of microRNAs in the development of kidney disease and their potential as novel therapeutic targets for fibrotic disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ahmad Fahim Hedayat
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Keizo Kanasaki
- Internal Medicine 1, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Japan
| | - Julie E Goodwin
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
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Gao X, Xu H, Zhang B, Tao T, Liu Y, Xu D, Cai W, Wei Z, Li S, Zhang H, Mao N, Zhang G, Li D, Jin F, Li S, Zhang L, Liu H, Hao X, Yang F. Interaction of N-acetyl-seryl-aspartyl-lysyl-proline with the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2-angiotensin-(1-7)-Mas axis attenuates pulmonary fibrosis in silicotic rats. Exp Physiol 2019; 104:1562-1574. [PMID: 31290182 DOI: 10.1113/ep087515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of this study? What are the effects of the antifibrotic peptide acetyl-seryl-aspartyl-lysyl-proline (Ac-SDKP) on the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)-angiotensin-(1-7)-Mas axis during the occurrence and progression of silicosis? What is the main finding and its importance? Ac-SDKP inhibited lung fibrosis in rats exposed to silica by activation of the ACE2-angiotensin-(1-7)-Mas axis. Angiotensin-(1-7) potentially promotes Ac-SDKP by increasing the level of meprin α, the major synthetase of Ac-SDKP. Thus, the interaction Ac-SDKP and angiotesin-(1-7) in silicosis could provide a new therapeutic strategy. ABSTRACT The central role of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) in the occurrence and progression of silicosis has been established. The antifibrotic peptide acetyl-seryl-aspartyl-lysyl-proline (Ac-SDKP) can be degraded by ACE. The ACE2-angiotensin-(1-7)-Mas axis is protective and acts to counterbalance the detrimental effects of ACE-angiotensin II (Ang II)-Ang II type 1 receptor and exerts antifibrotic effects. Here, we demonstrate an interaction between Ac-SDKP and Ang-(1-7) in the inhibition of collagen deposition and myofibroblast differentiation in rats exposed to silica. Treatment with Ac-SDKP increased the level of ACE2-Ang-(1-7)-Mas in rats or in cultured fibroblasts and decreased the levels of collagen type I and α-smooth muscle actin. Furthermore, exogenous Ang-(1-7) had similar antifibrotic effects and increased the level of meprin α, a major Ac-SDKP synthetase, both in vivo and in vitro. Compared with non-silicotic patients exposed to silica, the level of serum ACE was increased in patients with silicosis phase III; the levels of Ang II and Ang-(1-7) were high in patients with silicosis phase II; and the level of Ac-SDKP was high in the silicosis phase III group. These data imply that Ac-SDKP and Ang-(1-7) have an interactive effect as regulatory peptides of the renin-angiotensin system and exert antifibrotic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemin Gao
- Basic Medical College, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Hong Xu
- Medical Research Center, Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Bonan Zhang
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Tao Tao
- Foreign Languages College, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Yalou Liu
- Foreign Languages College, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Dingjie Xu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine College, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Wenchen Cai
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Zhongqiu Wei
- Medical Research Center, Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Shifeng Li
- Medical Research Center, Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Medical Research Center, Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Na Mao
- Medical Research Center, Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Guizhen Zhang
- Medical Research Center, Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Dan Li
- Medical Research Center, Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Fuyu Jin
- Medical Research Center, Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Shumin Li
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- Medical Research Center, Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Heliang Liu
- Medical Research Center, Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaohui Hao
- Medical Research Center, Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Fang Yang
- Basic Medical College, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
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Takagaki Y, Shi S, Katoh M, Kitada M, Kanasaki K, Koya D. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 plays a pathogenic role in BSA-induced kidney injury in diabetic mice. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7519. [PMID: 31101909 PMCID: PMC6525172 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43730-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is appeared to be higher risk of declining kidney function compared to non-diabetic kidney disease with same magnitude of albuminuria. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) program of tubular epithelial cells (TECs) could be important for the production of the extracellular matrix in the kidney. Caveolin-1 (CAV1), dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) and integrin β1 have shown to be involved in EMT program. Here, we found diabetic kidney is prone for albuminuria-induced TECs damage and DPP-4 plays a vital role in such parenchymal damages in diabetic mice. The bovine serum albumin (BSA) injection induced severe TECs damage and altered expression levels of DPP-4, integrin β1, CAV1, and EMT programs including relevant microRNAs in type 1 diabetic CD-1 mice when compared to non-diabetic mice; teneligliptin (TENE) ameliorated these alterations. TENE suppressed the close proximity among DPP-4, integrin β1 and CAV1 in a culture of HK-2 cells. These findings suggest that DPP-4 inhibition can be relevant for combating proteinuric DKD by targeting the EMT program induced by the crosstalk among DPP-4, integrin β1 and CAV1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Takagaki
- Department of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Sen Shi
- Department of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Makoto Katoh
- Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation Ikuyaku, Integrated Value Development Division, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Munehiro Kitada
- Department of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan.,Division of Anticipatory Molecular Food Science and Technology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Keizo Kanasaki
- Department of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan. .,Division of Anticipatory Molecular Food Science and Technology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan.
| | - Daisuke Koya
- Department of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan. .,Division of Anticipatory Molecular Food Science and Technology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan.
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43
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Hasan AA, von Websky K, Reichetzeder C, Tsuprykov O, Gaballa MMS, Guo J, Zeng S, Delić D, Tammen H, Klein T, Kleuser B, Hocher B. Mechanisms of GLP-1 receptor-independent renoprotective effects of the dipeptidyl peptidase type 4 inhibitor linagliptin in GLP-1 receptor knockout mice with 5/6 nephrectomy. Kidney Int 2019; 95:1373-1388. [PMID: 30979564 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2019.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Dipeptidyl peptidase type 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors were reported to have beneficial effects in experimental models of chronic kidney disease. The underlying mechanisms are not completely understood. However, these effects could be mediated via the glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)/GLP-1 receptor (GLP1R) pathway. Here we investigated the renal effects of the DPP-4 inhibitor linagliptin in Glp1r-/- knock out and wild-type mice with 5/6 nephrectomy (5/6Nx). Mice were allocated to groups: sham+wild type+placebo; 5/6Nx+ wild type+placebo; 5/6Nx+wild type+linagliptin; sham+knock out+placebo; 5/6Nx+knock out+ placebo; 5/6Nx+knock out+linagliptin. 5/6Nx caused the development of renal interstitial fibrosis, significantly increased plasma cystatin C and creatinine levels and suppressed renal gelatinase/collagenase, matrix metalloproteinase-1 and -13 activities; effects counteracted by linagliptin treatment in wildtype and Glp1r-/- mice. Two hundred ninety-eight proteomics signals were differentially regulated in kidneys among the groups, with 150 signals specific to linagliptin treatment as shown by mass spectrometry. Treatment significantly upregulated three peptides derived from collagen alpha-1(I), thymosin β4 and heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (HNRNPA1) and significantly downregulated one peptide derived from Y box binding protein-1 (YB-1). The proteomics results were further confirmed using western blot and immunofluorescence microscopy. Also, 5/6Nx led to significant up-regulation of renal transforming growth factor-β1 and pSMAD3 expression in wild type mice and linagliptin significantly counteracted this up-regulation in wild type and Glp1r-/- mice. Thus, the renoprotective effects of linagliptin cannot solely be attributed to the GLP-1/GLP1R pathway, highlighting the importance of other signaling pathways (collagen I homeostasis, HNRNPA1, YB-1, thymosin β4 and TGF-β1) influenced by DPP-4 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A Hasan
- Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt; UP Transfer GmbH, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Karoline von Websky
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany; Center for Cardiovascular Research, Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph Reichetzeder
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany; UP Transfer GmbH, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany; Center for Cardiovascular Research, Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Oleg Tsuprykov
- Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Center for Cardiovascular Research, Charité, Berlin, Germany; IFLB GmbH, Institute for Laboratory Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mohamed M S Gaballa
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Toukh, Egypt
| | - Jingli Guo
- Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Shufei Zeng
- Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Denis Delić
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | | | - Thomas Klein
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | - Burkhard Kleuser
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Berthold Hocher
- Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; LADR GmbH Neuruppin MVZ, Neuruppin, Germany; Department of Basic Medicine, Medical college of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.
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44
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Yang F, Takagaki Y, Yoshitomi Y, Ikeda T, Li J, Kitada M, Kumagai A, Kawakita E, Shi S, Kanasaki K, Koya D. Inhibition of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Accelerates Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Breast Cancer Metastasis via the CXCL12/CXCR4/mTOR Axis. Cancer Res 2018; 79:735-746. [PMID: 30584072 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-0620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP)-4 is a multifunctional glycoprotein involved in various biological and pathologic processes. DPP-4 has been widely recognized as a therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes mellitus but is also implicated in the development of human malignancies. Here, we show that inhibition of DPP-4 accelerates breast cancer metastasis via induction of CXCL12/CXCR4, which activates mTOR to promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). In cultured cells, DPP-4 knockdown induced EMT and cell migration. Treatment with the DPP-4 inhibitor KR62436 (KR) promoted primary tumor growth and lung metastasis in a 4T1 tumor allograft mouse model; DPP-4 knockdown in 4T1 cells displayed similar phenotypes in vivo and in vitro. KR treatment enhanced the levels of CXCL12/CXCR4 and phosphorylated mTOR, which were associated with the induction of EMT in metastatic cancer cells. KR-induced EMT in cancer cells was inhibited by treatment with the CXCR4 inhibitor AMD3100 or the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin, and AMD3100 suppressed KR-induced metastasis in vivo. Our findings suggest that DPP-4 plays a significant role in cancer biology and that inhibition of DPP-4 promotes cancer metastasis via induction of the CXCL12/CXCR4/mTOR/EMT axis. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings reveal that inhibition of DPP-4 increases the metastatic potential of breast cancer. This is especially important given the potential use of DPP-4 inhibition as a therapeutic strategy for type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- Department of Diabetology & Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Yuta Takagaki
- Department of Diabetology & Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Yasuo Yoshitomi
- Department of Biochemistry, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Takayuki Ikeda
- Department of Biochemistry, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Jinpeng Li
- Department of Diabetology & Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Munehiro Kitada
- Department of Diabetology & Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan.,Division of Anticipatory Molecular Food Science and Technology, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Asako Kumagai
- Department of Diabetology & Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Emi Kawakita
- Department of Diabetology & Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Sen Shi
- Department of Diabetology & Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Keizo Kanasaki
- Department of Diabetology & Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan. .,Division of Anticipatory Molecular Food Science and Technology, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Daisuke Koya
- Department of Diabetology & Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan. .,Division of Anticipatory Molecular Food Science and Technology, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan
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45
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Cassis P, Cerullo D, Zanchi C, Corna D, Lionetti V, Giordano F, Novelli R, Conti S, Casieri V, Matteucci M, Locatelli M, Taraboletti G, Villa S, Gastoldi S, Remuzzi G, Benigni A, Zoja C. ADAMTS13 Deficiency Shortens the Life Span of Mice With Experimental Diabetes. Diabetes 2018; 67:2069-2083. [PMID: 29976618 DOI: 10.2337/db17-1508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
In patients with diabetes, impaired activity of ADAMTS13 (a disintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin type 1 repeats, member 13), the plasma metalloprotease that cleaves highly thrombogenic von Willebrand factor multimers, is a major risk factor of cardiovascular events. Here, using Adamts13-/- mice made diabetic by streptozotocin, we investigated the impact of the lack of ADAMTS13 on the development of diabetes-associated end-organ complications. Adamts13-/- mice experienced a shorter life span than their diabetic wild-type littermates. It was surprising that animal death was not related to the occurrence of detectable thrombotic events. The lack of ADAMTS13 drastically increased the propensity for ventricular arrhythmias during dobutamine-induced stress in diabetic mice. Cardiomyocytes of diabetic Adamts13-/- mice exhibited an aberrant distribution of the ventricular gap junction connexin 43 and increased phosphorylation of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII), and with the consequent CaMKII-induced disturbance in Ca2+ handling, which underlie propensity for arrhythmia. In vitro, thrombospondin 1 (TSP1) promoted, in a paracrine manner, CaMKII phosphorylation in murine HL-1 cardiomyocytes, and ADAMTS13 acted to inhibit TSP1-induced CaMKII activation. In conclusion, the deficiency of ADAMTS13 may underlie the onset of lethal arrhythmias in diabetes through increased CaMKII phosphorylation in cardiomyocytes. Our findings disclose a novel function for ADAMTS13 beyond its antithrombotic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Cassis
- IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Domenico Cerullo
- IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Cristina Zanchi
- IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Daniela Corna
- IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Lionetti
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
- UOS Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Fondazione Toscana "G. Monasterio," Pisa, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Giordano
- IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Rubina Novelli
- IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Sara Conti
- IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy
| | | | - Marco Matteucci
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - Monica Locatelli
- IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Giulia Taraboletti
- IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Sebastian Villa
- IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Sara Gastoldi
- IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Remuzzi
- IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy
- Unit of Nephrology and Dialysis, Azienda Socio-Sanitaria Territoriale (ASST), Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
- "L. Sacco" Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Ariela Benigni
- IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Carlamaria Zoja
- IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy
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Srivastava SP, Li J, Kitada M, Fujita H, Yamada Y, Goodwin JE, Kanasaki K, Koya D. SIRT3 deficiency leads to induction of abnormal glycolysis in diabetic kidney with fibrosis. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:997. [PMID: 30250024 PMCID: PMC6155322 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-1057-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The regulation of aberrant glucose metabolism in diabetes associated-kidney fibrosis is not well known. In this study we found the suppression of SIRT3 protein level in diabetic kidney, displays responsibility in fibrogenic programming associated with aberrant glycolysis and such abnormal glycolysis is the therapeutic target in diabetes associated-kidney fibrosis. When analyzing different strains of streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice model (fibrotic model: CD-1, less fibrotic model: C57Bl6), we found SIRT3 suppression was associated with kidney fibrosis in fibrotic CD-1; further SIRT3 suppression by systemic administration of SIRT3 siRNA in the diabetic mice, showed profound fibrogenic phenotype in the kidney. Such suppression in SIRT3 was associated with the induction of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/smad signaling, higher level of HIF1α accumulation and PKM2 dimer formation; these alterations subsequently led to abnormal glycolysis and linked abnormal mesenchymal transformations in vivo and in vitro. Inhibition of such aberrant glycolysis suppressed fibrogenic programming and restored SIRT3 level as well. Such aberrant glycolysis was confirmed in the KK/Ta-Ins2Akita mouse, the mouse model of progressive diabetic kidney disease. These data demonstrate that SIRT3 deficiency promotes abnormal glycolysis which is responsible for the fibrogenic pathway in diabetic kidney. Restoration of SIRT3 could be an alternative strategy in combating diabetes associated-kidney fibrosis via inhibition of aberrant glycolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swayam Prakash Srivastava
- Department of Diabetology & Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics (Nephrology) Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Jinpeng Li
- Department of Diabetology & Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Munehiro Kitada
- Department of Diabetology & Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan.,Division of Anticipatory Molecular Food Science and Technology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Hiroki Fujita
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Geriatric Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, 010-8543, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Yamada
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Geriatric Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, 010-8543, Japan
| | - Julie E Goodwin
- Department of Pediatrics (Nephrology) Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Keizo Kanasaki
- Department of Diabetology & Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan. .,Division of Anticipatory Molecular Food Science and Technology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan.
| | - Daisuke Koya
- Department of Diabetology & Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan. .,Division of Anticipatory Molecular Food Science and Technology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan.
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47
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Eriguchi M, Bernstein EA, Veiras LC, Khan Z, Cao DY, Fuchs S, McDonough AA, Toblli JE, Gonzalez-Villalobos RA, Bernstein KE, Giani JF. The Absence of the ACE N-Domain Decreases Renal Inflammation and Facilitates Sodium Excretion during Diabetic Kidney Disease. J Am Soc Nephrol 2018; 29:2546-2561. [PMID: 30185469 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2018030323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent evidence emphasizes the critical role of inflammation in the development of diabetic nephropathy. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) plays an active role in regulating the renal inflammatory response associated with diabetes. Studies have also shown that ACE has roles in inflammation and the immune response that are independent of angiotensin II. ACE's two catalytically independent domains, the N- and C-domains, can process a variety of substrates other than angiotensin I. METHODS To examine the relative contributions of each ACE domain to the sodium retentive state, renal inflammation, and renal injury associated with diabetic kidney disease, we used streptozotocin to induce diabetes in wild-type mice and in genetic mouse models lacking either a functional ACE N-domain (NKO mice) or C-domain (CKO mice). RESULTS In response to a saline challenge, diabetic NKO mice excreted 32% more urinary sodium compared with diabetic wild-type or CKO mice. Diabetic NKO mice also exhibited 55% less renal epithelial sodium channel cleavage (a marker of channel activity), 55% less renal IL-1β, 53% less renal TNF-α, and 53% less albuminuria than diabetic wild-type mice. This protective phenotype was not associated with changes in renal angiotensin II levels. Further, we present evidence that the anti-inflammatory tetrapeptide N-acetyl-seryl-asparyl-lysyl-proline (AcSDKP), an ACE N-domain-specific substrate that accumulates in the urine of NKO mice, mediates the beneficial effects observed in the NKO. CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that increasing AcSDKP by blocking the ACE N-domain facilitates sodium excretion and ameliorates diabetic kidney disease independent of intrarenal angiotensin II regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Sebastien Fuchs
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California
| | - Alicia A McDonough
- Department of Integrative Anatomical Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jorge E Toblli
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, Hospital Alemán, University of Buenos Aires, National Scientific and Technical Research Council, Buenos Aires, Argentina; and
| | - Romer A Gonzalez-Villalobos
- Departments of Biomedical Sciences and.,Cardiovascular and Metabolism Discovery, Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, Pennsylvania
| | - Kenneth E Bernstein
- Departments of Biomedical Sciences and.,Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
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48
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Dewanjee S, Bhattacharjee N. MicroRNA: A new generation therapeutic target in diabetic nephropathy. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 155:32-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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49
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The anti-inflammatory peptide Ac-SDKP: Synthesis, role in ACE inhibition, and its therapeutic potential in hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. Pharmacol Res 2018; 134:268-279. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 05/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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50
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Vasilopoulou E, Riley PR, Long DA. Thymosin-β4: A key modifier of renal disease. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2018; 18:185-192. [DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2018.1473371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elisavet Vasilopoulou
- Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Chatham Maritime, UK
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Paul R. Riley
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - David A. Long
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK
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