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Ogden S, Ahmed I, Yang SH, Fullwood P, Francavilla C, Sharrocks AD. Oncogenic ERRB2 signals through the AP-1 transcription factor to control mesenchymal-like properties of oesophageal adenocarcinoma. NAR Cancer 2023; 5:zcad001. [PMID: 36694726 PMCID: PMC9869078 DOI: 10.1093/narcan/zcad001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC) is a deadly disease with poor survival statistics and few targeted therapies available. One of the most common molecular aberrations in OAC is amplification or activation of the gene encoding the receptor tyrosine kinase ERBB2, and ERBB2 is targeted in the clinic for this subset of patients. However, the downstream consequences of these ERBB2 activating events are not well understood. Here we used a combination of phosphoproteomics, open chromatin profiling and transcriptome analysis on cell line models and patient-derived datasets to interrogate the molecular pathways operating downstream from ERBB2. Integrated analysis of these data sets converge on a model where dysregulated ERBB2 signalling is mediated at the transcriptional level by the transcription factor AP-1. AP-1 in turn controls cell behaviour by acting on cohorts of genes that regulate cell migration and adhesion, features often associated with EMT. Our study therefore provides a valuable resource for the cancer cell signalling community and reveals novel molecular determinants underlying the dysregulated behaviour of OAC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Ogden
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Ibrahim Ahmed
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Shen-Hsi Yang
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Paul Fullwood
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | | | - Chiara Francavilla
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
- Manchester Breast Centre, Manchester Cancer Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Andrew D Sharrocks
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
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2
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Hu M, Ding H, Chao R, Cao Z. The Hub Genes Related to Osteoporosis Were Identified by Bioinformatics Analysis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 2023:6726038. [PMID: 36755691 PMCID: PMC9902144 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6726038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) is commonly encountered, which is a kind of systemic injury of bone mass and microstructure, leading to brittle fractures. With the aging of the population, this disease will pose a more serious impact on medical, social, and economic aspects, especially postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP). This study is aimed at figuring out potential therapeutic targets and new biomarkers in OP via bioinformatics tools. After differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis, we successfully identified 97 upregulated and 172 downregulated DEGs. They are mainly concentrated in actin binding, regulation of cytokine production, muscle cell promotion, chemokine signaling pathway, and cytokine-cytokine receiver interaction. According to the diagram of protein-protein interaction (PPI), we obtained 10 hub genes: CCL5, CXCL10, EGFR, HMOX1, IL12B, CCL7, TBX21, XCL1, PGR, and ITGA1. Expression analysis showed that Egfr, Hmox1, and Pgr were significantly upregulated in estrogen-treated osteoporotic patients, while Ccl5, Cxcl10, Il12b, Ccl7, Tbx21, Xcl1, and Itga1 were significantly downregulated. In addition, the analysis results of Pearson's correlation revealed that CCL7 has a strong positive association with IL12b, TBX21, and CCL5 and so was CCL5 with IL12b. Conversely, EGFR has a strong negative association with XCL1 and CXCL10. In conclusion, this study screened 10 hub genes related to OP based on the GEO database, laying a biological foundation for further research on new biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets in OP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengdie Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing University Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hong Ding
- Department of Orthopedics, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Rui Chao
- Department of Orthopedics, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhidong Cao
- Department of Orthopedics, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing, China
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3
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Stieglitz F, Gerhard R, Hönig R, Giehl K, Pich A. TcdB of Clostridioides difficile Mediates RAS-Dependent Necrosis in Epithelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084258. [PMID: 35457076 PMCID: PMC9024770 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is the most common nosocomial infection worldwide. The main virulence factors of pathogenic C. difficile are TcdA and TcdB, which inhibit small Rho-GTPases. The inhibition of small Rho-GTPases leads to the so-called cytopathic effect, a reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, an impairment of the colon epithelium barrier function and inflammation. Additionally, TcdB induces a necrotic cell death termed pyknosis in vitro independently from its glucosyltransferases, which are characterized by chromatin condensation and ROS production. To understand the underlying mechanism of this pyknotic effect, we conducted a large-scale phosphoproteomic study. We included the analysis of alterations in the phosphoproteome after treatment with TcdA, which was investigated for the first time. TcdA exhibited no glucosyltransferase-independent necrotic effect and was, thus, a good control to elucidate the underlying mechanism of the glucosyltransferase-independent effect of TcdB. We found RAS to be a central upstream regulator of the glucosyltransferase-independent effect of TcdB. The inhibition of RAS led to a 68% reduction in necrosis. Further analysis revealed apolipoprotein C-III (APOC3) as a possible crucial factor of CDI-induced inflammation in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Stieglitz
- Institute of Toxicology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (F.S.); (R.G.)
- Core Facility Proteomics, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Ralf Gerhard
- Institute of Toxicology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (F.S.); (R.G.)
| | - Rabea Hönig
- Signal Transduction of Cellular Motility, Internal Medicine V, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Aulweg 128, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (R.H.); (K.G.)
| | - Klaudia Giehl
- Signal Transduction of Cellular Motility, Internal Medicine V, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Aulweg 128, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (R.H.); (K.G.)
| | - Andreas Pich
- Institute of Toxicology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (F.S.); (R.G.)
- Core Facility Proteomics, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-511-532-2808; Fax: +49-511-532-2879
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4
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Analysis of protein kinases by Phos-tag SDS-PAGE. J Proteomics 2022; 255:104485. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2022.104485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Leal AS, Moerland JA, Zhang D, Carapellucci S, Lockwood B, Krieger-Burke T, Aleiwi B, Ellsworth E, Liby KT. The RXR Agonist MSU42011 Is Effective for the Treatment of Preclinical HER2+ Breast Cancer and Kras-Driven Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:5004. [PMID: 34638488 PMCID: PMC8508021 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13195004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Notwithstanding numerous therapeutic advances, 176,000 deaths from breast and lung cancers will occur in the United States in 2021 alone. The tumor microenvironment and its modulation by drugs have gained increasing attention and relevance, especially with the introduction of immunotherapy as a standard of care in clinical practice. Retinoid X receptors (RXRs) are members of the nuclear receptor superfamily and upon ligand binding, function as transcription factors to modulate multiple cell functions. Bexarotene, the only FDA-approved RXR agonist, is still used to treat cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. (2) Methods: To test the immunomodulatory and anti-tumor effects of MSU42011, a new RXR agonist, we used two different immunocompetent murine models (MMTV-Neu mice, a HER2 positive model of breast cancer and the A/J mouse model, in which vinyl carbamate is used to initiate lung tumorigenesis) and an immunodeficient xenograft lung cancer model. (3) Results: Treatment of established tumors in immunocompetent models of HER2-positive breast cancer and Kras-driven lung cancer with MSU42011 significantly decreased the tumor burden and increased the ratio of CD8/CD4, CD25 T cells, which correlates with enhanced anti-tumor efficacy. Moreover, the combination of MSU42011 and immunotherapy (anti-PDL1 and anti-PD1 antibodies) significantly (p < 0.05) reduced tumor size vs. individual treatments. However, MSU42011 was ineffective in an athymic human A549 lung cancer xenograft model, supporting an immunomodulatory mechanism of action. (4) Conclusions: Collectively, these data suggest that the RXR agonist MSU42011 can be used to modulate the tumor microenvironment in breast and lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana S. Leal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; (A.S.L.); (J.A.M.); (D.Z.); (S.C.); (B.L.); (T.K.-B.); (B.A.); (E.E.)
| | - Jessica A. Moerland
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; (A.S.L.); (J.A.M.); (D.Z.); (S.C.); (B.L.); (T.K.-B.); (B.A.); (E.E.)
| | - Di Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; (A.S.L.); (J.A.M.); (D.Z.); (S.C.); (B.L.); (T.K.-B.); (B.A.); (E.E.)
| | - Sarah Carapellucci
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; (A.S.L.); (J.A.M.); (D.Z.); (S.C.); (B.L.); (T.K.-B.); (B.A.); (E.E.)
| | - Beth Lockwood
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; (A.S.L.); (J.A.M.); (D.Z.); (S.C.); (B.L.); (T.K.-B.); (B.A.); (E.E.)
| | - Teresa Krieger-Burke
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; (A.S.L.); (J.A.M.); (D.Z.); (S.C.); (B.L.); (T.K.-B.); (B.A.); (E.E.)
- In Vivo Facility, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Bilal Aleiwi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; (A.S.L.); (J.A.M.); (D.Z.); (S.C.); (B.L.); (T.K.-B.); (B.A.); (E.E.)
- Medicinal Chemistry Facility, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Edmund Ellsworth
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; (A.S.L.); (J.A.M.); (D.Z.); (S.C.); (B.L.); (T.K.-B.); (B.A.); (E.E.)
- Medicinal Chemistry Facility, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Karen T. Liby
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; (A.S.L.); (J.A.M.); (D.Z.); (S.C.); (B.L.); (T.K.-B.); (B.A.); (E.E.)
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6
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Solanki HS, Welsh EA, Fang B, Izumi V, Darville L, Stone B, Franzese R, Chavan S, Kinose F, Imbody D, Koomen JM, Rix U, Haura EB. Cell Type-specific Adaptive Signaling Responses to KRAS G12C Inhibition. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:2533-2548. [PMID: 33619172 PMCID: PMC9940280 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-3872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Covalent inhibitors of KRASG12C specifically target tumors driven by this form of mutant KRAS, yet early studies show that bypass signaling drives adaptive resistance. Although several combination strategies have been shown to improve efficacy of KRASG12C inhibitors (KRASi), underlying mechanisms and predictive strategies for patient enrichment are less clear. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We performed mass spectrometry-based phosphoproteomics analysis in KRASG12C cell lines after short-term treatment with ARS-1620. To understand signaling diversity and cell type-specific markers, we compared proteome and phosphoproteomes of KRASG12C cells. Gene expression patterns of KRASG12C cell lines and lung tumor tissues were examined. RESULTS Our analysis suggests cell type-specific perturbation to ERBB2/3 signaling compensates for repressed ERK and AKT signaling following ARS-1620 treatment in epithelial cell type, and this subtype was also more responsive to coinhibition of SHP2 and SOS1. Conversely, both high basal and feedback activation of FGFR or AXL signaling were identified in mesenchymal cells. Inhibition of FGFR signaling suppressed feedback activation of ERK and mTOR, while AXL inhibition suppressed PI3K pathway. In both cell lines and human lung cancer tissues with KRASG12C, we observed high basal ERBB2/3 associated with epithelial gene signatures, while higher basal FGFR1 and AXL were observed in cells/tumors with mesenchymal gene signatures. CONCLUSIONS Our phosphoproteomic study identified cell type-adaptive responses to KRASi. Markers and targets associated with ERBB2/3 signaling in epithelial subtype and with FGFR1/AXL signaling in mesenchymal subtype should be considered in patient enrichment schemes with KRASi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitendra S. Solanki
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Eric A. Welsh
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Shared Resources, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Bin Fang
- Proteomics & Metabolomics Core, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Victoria Izumi
- Proteomics & Metabolomics Core, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Lancia Darville
- Proteomics & Metabolomics Core, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Brandon Stone
- Proteomics & Metabolomics Core, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Ryan Franzese
- Proteomics & Metabolomics Core, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Sandip Chavan
- Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Fumi Kinose
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Denis Imbody
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA,Undergraduate Studies in Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - John M. Koomen
- Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Uwe Rix
- Department of Drug Discovery, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Eric B. Haura
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA,Department of Drug Discovery, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA,To whom correspondence should be addressed: Eric Haura, Department of Thoracic Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, , Tel.: 813-745-6827
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7
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Park K, Shin Y, Lee G, Park H, Choi Y. Dabrafenib Promotes Schwann Cell Differentiation by Inhibition of the MEK-ERK Pathway. Molecules 2021; 26:2141. [PMID: 33917810 PMCID: PMC8068149 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26082141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Schwann cell differentiation involves a dynamic interaction of signaling cascades. However, much remains to be elucidated regarding the function of signaling molecules that differ depending on the context in which the molecules are engaged. Here, we identified a small molecule, dabrafenib, which promotes Schwann cell differentiation in vitro and exploited this compound as a pharmacological tool to understand the molecular mechanisms regulating Schwann cell differentiation. The results indicated that dabrafenib inhibited ERK phosphorylation and enhanced ErbB2 autophosphorylation and Akt phosphorylation, and the effects of dabrafenib on ErbB2 and Akt phosphorylation were phenocopied by pharmacological inhibition of the MEK-ERK signaling pathway. However, the small molecule inhibitors of MEK and ERK had no effect on the expression of Oct6 and EGR2, which are key transcription factors that drive Schwann cell differentiation. In addition, pharmacological inhibition of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) almost completely interfered with dabrafenib-induced Schwann cell differentiation. These results suggest that the ErbB2-PI3K-Akt axis is required for the induction of Schwann cell differentiation by dabrafenib in vitro. Although additional molecules targeted by dabrafenib remain to be identified, our data provides insights into the crosstalk that exists between the MEK-ERK signaling pathway and the PI3K-Akt axis in Schwann cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyuhee Park
- Biocenter, Gyeonggido Business and Science Accelerator, Suwon 16229, Korea; (K.P.); (G.L.)
| | - Yoonkyoung Shin
- Department of Physiology, Peripheral Neuropathy Research Center, Donga University Medical School, Busan 49201, Korea; (Y.S.); (H.P.)
| | - Gyeongbeen Lee
- Biocenter, Gyeonggido Business and Science Accelerator, Suwon 16229, Korea; (K.P.); (G.L.)
| | - Hwantae Park
- Department of Physiology, Peripheral Neuropathy Research Center, Donga University Medical School, Busan 49201, Korea; (Y.S.); (H.P.)
| | - Yongmun Choi
- Biocenter, Gyeonggido Business and Science Accelerator, Suwon 16229, Korea; (K.P.); (G.L.)
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8
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Barbosa R, Acevedo LA, Marmorstein R. The MEK/ERK Network as a Therapeutic Target in Human Cancer. Mol Cancer Res 2021; 19:361-374. [PMID: 33139506 PMCID: PMC7925338 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-20-0687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK pathway is the most well-studied of the MAPK cascades and is critical for cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival. Abnormalities in regulation resulting from mutations in components of this pathway, particularly in upstream proteins, RAS and RAF, are responsible for a significant fraction of human cancers and nearly all cutaneous melanomas. Activation of receptor tyrosine kinases by growth factors and various extracellular signals leads to the sequential activation of RAS, RAF, MEK, and finally ERK, which activates numerous transcription factors and facilitates oncogenesis in the case of aberrant pathway activation. While extensive studies have worked to elucidate the activation mechanisms and structural components of upstream MAPK components, comparatively less attention has been directed toward the kinases, MEK and ERK, due to the infrequency of oncogenic-activating mutations in these kinases. However, acquired drug resistance has become a major issue in the treatment of RAS- and RAF-mutated cancers. Targeting the terminal kinases in the MAPK cascade has shown promise for overcoming many of these resistance mechanisms and improving treatment options for patients with MAPK-aberrant cancers. Here, we will describe the role of MEK and ERK in MAPK signaling and summarize the current understanding of their interaction and activation mechanisms. We will also discuss existing approaches for targeting MEK and ERK, and the benefits of alternative strategies. Areas requiring further exploration will be highlighted to guide future research endeavors and aid in the development of alternative therapeutic strategies to combat surmounting drug resistance in treating MAPK-mediated cancers. VISUAL OVERVIEW: http://mcr.aacrjournals.org/content/molcanres/19/3/361/F1.large.jpg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renee Barbosa
- School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Lucila A Acevedo
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ronen Marmorstein
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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9
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Gaviraghi M, Rabellino A, Andolfo A, Brand M, Brombin C, Bagnato P, De Feudis G, Raimondi A, Locatelli A, Tosoni D, Mazza D, Gianni L, Tonon G, Yarden Y, Tacchetti C, Daniele T. Direct stimulation of ERBB2 highlights a novel cytostatic signaling pathway driven by the receptor Thr 701 phosphorylation. Sci Rep 2020; 10:16906. [PMID: 33037285 PMCID: PMC7547737 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73835-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
ERBB2 is a ligand-less tyrosine kinase receptor expressed at very low levels in normal tissues; when overexpressed, it is involved in malignant transformation and tumorigenesis in several carcinomas. In cancer cells, ERBB2 represents the preferred partner of other members of the ERBB receptor family, leading to stronger oncogenic signals, by promoting both ERK and AKT activation. The identification of the specific signaling downstream of ERBB2 has been impaired by the lack of a ligand and of an efficient way to selectively activate the receptor. In this paper, we found that antibodies (Abs) targeting different epitopes on the ERBB2 extracellular domain foster the activation of ERBB2 homodimers, and surprisingly induce a unique cytostatic signaling cascade promoting an ERK-dependent ERBB2 Thr701 phosphorylation, leading to AKT de-phosphorylation, via PP2A Ser/Thr phosphatases. Furthermore, the immunophilin Cyclophilin A plays a crucial role in this pathway, acting as a negative modulator of AKT de-phosphorylation, possibly by competing with Ser/Thr phosphatases for binding to AKT. Altogether, our data show that Ab recognizing ERBB2 extracellular domain function as receptor agonists, promoting ERBB2 homodimer activation, leading to an anti-proliferative signaling. Thus, the ultimate outcome of ERBB2 activity might depend on the dimerization status: pro-oncogenic in the hetero-, and anti-oncogenic in the homo-dimeric form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Gaviraghi
- Division of Experimental Oncology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Rabellino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, via De Toni 14, 16132, Genoa, Italy.,QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, 4029, Australia
| | - Annapaola Andolfo
- Protein Microsequencing Facility, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Matthias Brand
- Experimental Imaging Centre, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy.,CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Chiara Brombin
- University Centre for Statistics in the Biomedical Sciences, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Bagnato
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, via De Toni 14, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giuseppina De Feudis
- Experimental Imaging Centre, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Raimondi
- Experimental Imaging Centre, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberta Locatelli
- Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Tosoni
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20100, Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Mazza
- Experimental Imaging Centre, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Gianni
- Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Tonon
- Division of Experimental Oncology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy.,Center for Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Yosef Yarden
- Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Carlo Tacchetti
- Experimental Imaging Centre, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy. .,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy.
| | - Tiziana Daniele
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, via De Toni 14, 16132, Genoa, Italy. .,Experimental Imaging Centre, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy.
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10
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Haryuni RD, Tanaka T, Zhou Y, Yokoyama S, Sakurai H. ERK-mediated negative feedback regulation of oncogenic EGFRvIII in glioblastoma cells. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:2477-2482. [PMID: 32782566 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor variant III (EGFRvIII) is the most common active EGFR mutant in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). The expression of this mutant often correlates with a poor patient prognosis due to its ability to extend downstream signaling. The EGFR pathway is controlled by a negative feedback mechanism that restricts the extent and length of downstream signaling. To date, the role of negative feedback in the oncogenic EGFRvIII mutant remains undetermined. The present study indicated that activation of the MEK-ERK pathway led to the phosphorylation of Thr-402, a conserved negative feedback residue in the juxtamembrane domain corresponding to Thr-669 of wild-type EGFR (EGFRwt), which resulted in a rapid reduction in the tyrosine phosphorylation of EGFRvIII in U87MG human glioblastoma and 293 cells. Moreover, despite the incapability of EGFRvIII to bind ligands, EGF was indicated to downregulate the tyrosine phosphorylation of EGFRvIII by activating the EGFRwt-ERK pathway. These results demonstrated a conserved negative feedback mechanism in the activation of EGFRvIII, which presents a new aspect in functional interactions between EGFRvIII and EGFRwt in glioblastoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ratna Dini Haryuni
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.,Center for Radioisotope and Radiopharmaceutical Technology, National Nuclear Energy Agency of Indonesia, Serpong, Tangerang Selatan 15343, Indonesia
| | - Tomohiro Tanaka
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Yue Zhou
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Satoru Yokoyama
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Sakurai
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
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11
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Comprehensive Analysis of ERK1/2 Substrates for Potential Combination Immunotherapies. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2019; 40:897-910. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2019.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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12
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Haryuni RD, Watabe S, Yamaguchi A, Fukushi Y, Tanaka T, Kawasaki Y, Zhou Y, Yokoyama S, Sakurai H. Negative feedback regulation of ErbB4 tyrosine kinase activity by ERK-mediated non-canonical phosphorylation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 514:456-461. [PMID: 31053301 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.04.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
ErbB4 receptor tyrosine kinase has four different isoforms that are classified based on variants in the extracellular juxtamembrane domain (JM-a and JM-b) and the C-terminal region (CYT-1 and CYT-2). Here, we used the JM-b/CYT-1 isoform to investigate the roles of serine/threonine phosphorylation in MEK-ERK-dependent feedback inhibition. TPA as an activator of the ERK pathway markedly induced ErbB4 phosphorylation at Thr-674, the conserved common feedback site in the intracellular JM domain, which resulted in the downregulation of tyrosine autophosphorylation. We also identified Ser-1026 as an ErbB4-specific ERK target site in the CYT-1 region. Moreover, double mutations (Thr-674/Ser-1026 to Ala) significantly upregulated ErbB4 activation, indicating that Thr-674 and Ser-1026 are cooperatively involved in negative feedback regulation. Given the fact that ErbB4 mutation is one of the most common genetic alterations in melanoma cells, we demonstrated that a typical oncogenic ErbB4 mutant was resistant to the negative feedback regulation to maintain a highly active status of tyrosine kinase activity. Together, these findings indicate that feedback mechanisms are key switches determining oncogenic potentials of ErbB receptor kinases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ratna Dini Haryuni
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan; Center for Radioisotope and Radiopharmaceutical Technology, National Nuclear Energy Agency of Indonesia, Serpong, Tangerang Selatan, Indonesia
| | - Satoko Watabe
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Asako Yamaguchi
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Yayoi Fukushi
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Tanaka
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Yuki Kawasaki
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan; Laboratory of Public Health, Faculty of Pharmacy, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, Takasaki, Japan
| | - Yue Zhou
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Satoru Yokoyama
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Sakurai
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan.
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13
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Mieszkowska M, Piasecka D, Potemski P, Debska-Szmich S, Rychlowski M, Kordek R, Sadej R, Romanska HM. Tetraspanin CD151 impairs heterodimerization of ErbB2/ErbB3 in breast cancer cells. Transl Res 2019; 207:44-55. [PMID: 30639369 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2018.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
CD151/Tspan24 (SFS-1, PETA3) is one of the best characterized members of the tetraspanin family, whose involvement in breast cancer (BCa) progression was demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo. We have recently reported that in ErbB2-overexpressing BCa cells grown in 3D laminin-rich extracellular matrix, CD151 regulated basal phosphorylation and homodimerization of ErbB2 and sensitized the cells to Herceptin (trastuzumab). Following from these data, we have here analyzed an involvement of CD151 in regulation of ErbB2/ErbB3 heterodimerization and its impact on cell response to Herceptin. CD151 was found to: (1) impair ErbB2/ErbB3 heterodimerization, (2) inhibit heregulin-dependent cell growth in 3D and signaling, and (3) counteract the protective effect of heregulin on Herceptin-mediated growth inhibition. Analysis of tissue samples demonstrated for the first time clinical significance of CD151 in patients with ErbB2-overexpressing BCa undergone trastuzumab-based therapy. Consistent with in vitro results, CD151 impact on disease outcome was ErbB3-dependent. In patients with ErbB3-negative tumors, CD151 significantly improved both overall survival (OS) (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.19, P = 0.034) and progression-free survival (PFS) (HR = 0.36, P = 0.043), while in ErbB3-positive cases it had no significant effect on patient survival (OS: HR = 3.33, P = 0.283; PFS: HR = 2.40, P = 0.208). These results support previous findings and show that CD151 acts as an important component of ErbB2 signaling axis in BCa cells, affecting their sensitivity to ErbB2-targeting therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Mieszkowska
- Department of Molecular Enzymology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | | | - Piotr Potemski
- Department of Chemotherapy, Medical University of Lodz and Copernicus Memorial Hospital in Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Sylwia Debska-Szmich
- Department of Chemotherapy, Medical University of Lodz and Copernicus Memorial Hospital in Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Michal Rychlowski
- Department of Virus Molecular Biology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Radzislaw Kordek
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Rafal Sadej
- Department of Molecular Enzymology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Hanna M Romanska
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
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14
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Nami B, Maadi H, Wang Z. The Effects of Pertuzumab and Its Combination with Trastuzumab on HER2 Homodimerization and Phosphorylation. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11030375. [PMID: 30884851 PMCID: PMC6468664 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11030375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Pertuzumab (Perjeta) is an anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody that is used for treatment of HER2-positive breast cancers in combination with trastuzumab (Herceptin) and docetaxel and showed promising clinical outcomes. Pertuzumab is suggested to block heterodimerization of HER2 with EGFR and HER3 that abolishes canonical function of HER2. However, evidence on the exact mode of action of pertuzumab in homodimerization of HER2 are limited. In this study, we investigated the effect of pertuzumab and its combination with trastuzumab on HER2 homodimerization, phosphorylation and whole gene expression profile in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells stably overexpressing human HER2 (CHO-K6). CHO-K6 cells were treated with pertuzumab, trastuzumab, and their combination, and then HER2 homodimerization and phosphorylation at seven pY sites were investigated. The effects of the monoclonal antibodies on whole gene expression and the expression of cell cycle stages, apoptosis, autophagy, and necrosis were studied by cDNA microarray. Results showed that pertuzumab had no significant effect on HER2 homodimerization, however, trastuzumab increased HER2 homodimerization. Interestingly, pertuzumab increased HER2 phosphorylation at Y1127, Y1139, and Y1196 residues, while trastuzumab increased HER2 phosphorylation at Y1196. More surprisingly, combination of pertuzumab and trastuzumab blocked the phosphorylation of Y1005 and Y1127 of HER2. Our results also showed that pertuzumab, but not trastuzumab, abrogated the effect of HER2 overexpression on cell cycle in particular G1/S transition, G2/M transition, and M phase, whereas trastuzumab abolished the inhibitory effect of HER2 on apoptosis. Our findings confirm that pertuzumab is unable to inhibit HER2 homodimerization but induces HER2 phosphorylation at some pY sites that abolishes HER2 effects on cell cycle progress. These data suggest that the clinical effects of pertuzumab may mostly through the inhibition of HER2 heterodimers, rather than HER2 homodimers and that pertuzumab binding to HER2 may inhibit non-canonical HER2 activation and function in non-HER-mediated and dimerization-independent pathway(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- Babak Nami
- Department of Medical Genetics and Signal Transduction Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada.
| | - Hamid Maadi
- Department of Medical Genetics and Signal Transduction Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada.
| | - Zhixiang Wang
- Department of Medical Genetics and Signal Transduction Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada.
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15
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Capparelli C, Purwin TJ, Heilman SA, Chervoneva I, McCue PA, Berger AC, Davies MA, Gershenwald JE, Krepler C, Aplin AE. ErbB3 Targeting Enhances the Effects of MEK Inhibitor in Wild-Type BRAF/NRAS Melanoma. Cancer Res 2018; 78:5680-5693. [PMID: 30115691 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-1001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
MEK-ERK1/2 signaling is elevated in melanomas that are wild-type for both BRAF and NRAS (WT/WT), but patients are insensitive to MEK inhibitors. Stromal-derived growth factors may mediate resistance to targeted inhibitors, and optimizing the use of targeted inhibitors for patients with WT/WT melanoma is a clinical unmet need. Here, we studied adaptive responses to MEK inhibition in WT/WT cutaneous melanoma. The Cancer Genome Atlas data set and tumor microarray studies of WT/WT melanomas showed that high levels of neuregulin-1 (NRG1) were associated with stromal content and ErbB3 signaling. Of growth factors implicated in resistance to targeted inhibitors, NRG1 was effective at mediating resistance to MEK inhibitors in patient-derived WT/WT melanoma cells. Furthermore, ErbB3/ErbB2 signaling was adaptively upregulated following MEK inhibition. Patient-derived cancer-associated fibroblast studies demonstrated that stromal-derived NRG1 activated ErbB3/ErbB2 signaling and enhanced resistance to a MEK inhibitor. ErbB3- and ErbB2-neutralizing antibodies blocked the protective effects of NRG1 in vitro and cooperated with the MEK inhibitor to delay tumor growth in both cell line and patient-derived xenograft models. These results highlight tumor microenvironment regulation of targeted inhibitor resistance in WT/WT melanoma and provide a rationale for combining MEK inhibitors with anti-ErbB3/ErbB2 antibodies in patients with WT/WT cutaneous melanoma, for whom there are no effective targeted therapy options.Significance: This work suggests a mechanism by which NRG1 regulates the sensitivity of WT NRAS/BRAF melanomas to MEK inhibitors and provides a rationale for combining MEK inhibitors with anti-ErbB2/ErbB3 antibodies in these tumors. Cancer Res; 78(19); 5680-93. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Capparelli
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Timothy J Purwin
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Shea A Heilman
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Inna Chervoneva
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Peter A McCue
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Adam C Berger
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Michael A Davies
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jeffrey E Gershenwald
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Clemens Krepler
- The Wistar Institute, Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, Melanoma Research Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Andrew E Aplin
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. .,Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Jefferson, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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16
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Park CM, Kawasaki Y, Refaat A, Sakurai H. Mechanisms for DNA-damaging agent-induced inactivation of ErbB2 and ErbB3 via the ERK and p38 signaling pathways. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:1758-1762. [PMID: 29434871 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin (CDDP) and doxorubicin (DOX) are chemotherapeutic drugs that trigger apoptosis by inducing DNA-damage. A previous study using breast cancer cells demonstrated the negative feedback modulation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-2 (ErbB2) via extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-mediated phosphorylation of conserved Thr-669 and Thr-677 residues, respectively, in the juxtamembrane domain. In addition, CDDP has been identified to cause negative feedback inhibition of activated EGFR in lung cancer cells. In the present study, the role of phosphorylation in the feedback control of the ErbB2/ErbB3 heterodimer in human breast and gastric cancer cells was investigated. Phosphorylation of ErbB2 at Thr-677 was induced by CDDP and DOX, which in turn reduced tyrosine autophosphorylation of ErbB2 and ErbB3. Treatment with trametinib, a mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitor that blocks ERK-mediated Thr-677 phosphorylation, and substitution of Thr-677 to alanine, blocked the feedback inhibition of ErbB2 and ErbB3. In addition, these agents caused the degradation of ErbB proteins through the activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38) and ERK. These results demonstrate that chemotherapeutic agents trigger ERK- and p38-mediated post-translational downregulation of ErbB receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chul Min Park
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Yuki Kawasaki
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Alaa Refaat
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Sakurai
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
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17
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Combined targeting of Raf and Mek synergistically inhibits tumorigenesis in triple negative breast cancer model systems. Oncotarget 2017; 8:80804-80819. [PMID: 29113345 PMCID: PMC5655240 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant Ras-MAPK signaling from receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2), is a hallmark of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC); thus providing rationale for targeting the Ras-MAPK pathway. Components of this EGFR/HER2-Ras-Raf-Mek-Erk pathway were co-targeted in the MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 human TNBC cell lines, and in vitro effects on signaling and cytotoxicity, as well as in vivo effects on xenograft tumor growth and metastasis were assessed. The dual EGFR/HER2 inhibitor lapatinib (LPN) displayed greater cytotoxic potency and MAPK signaling inhibition than the EGFR inhibitor erlotinib, suggesting both EGFR and HER2 contribute to MAPK signaling in this TNBC model. The Raf inhibitor sorafenib (SFN) or the Mek inhibitor U0126 suppressed MAPK signaling to a greater extent than LPN; which correlated with greater cytotoxic potency of SFN, but not U0126. However, U0126 potentiated the cytotoxic efficacy of LPN and SFN in an additive and synergistic manner, respectively. This in-series Raf-Mek co-targeting synergy was recapitulated in orthotopic mouse xenografts, where SFN and the Mek inhibitor selumitinib (AZD6244) inhibited primary tumor growth and pulmonary metastasis. Raf and Mek co-inhibition exhibits synergy in TNBC models and represent a promising combination therapy for this aggressive breast cancer type.
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18
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Henson E, Chen Y, Gibson S. EGFR Family Members' Regulation of Autophagy Is at a Crossroads of Cell Survival and Death in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2017; 9:cancers9040027. [PMID: 28338617 PMCID: PMC5406702 DOI: 10.3390/cancers9040027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathways are altered in many cancers contributing to increased cell survival. These alterations are caused mainly through increased expression or mutation of EGFR family members EGFR, ErbB2, ErbB3, and ErbB4. These receptors have been successfully targeted for cancer therapy. Specifically, a monoclonal antibody against ErbB2, trastuzumab, and a tyrosine kinase inhibitor against EGFR, gefitinib, have improved the survival of breast and lung cancer patients. Unfortunately, cancer patients frequently become resistant to these inhibitors. This has led to investigating how EGFR can contribute to cell survival and how cancer cells can overcome inhibition of its signaling. Indeed, it is coming into focus that EGFR signaling goes beyond a single signal triggering cell proliferation and survival and is a sensor that regulates the cell’s response to microenvironmental stresses such as hypoxia. It acts as a switch that modulates the ability of cancer cells to survive. Autophagy is a process of self-digestion that is inhibited by EGFR allowing cancer cells to survive under stresses that would normally cause death and become resistant to chemotherapy. Inhibiting EGFR signaling allows autophagy to contribute to cell death. This gives new opportunities to develop novel therapeutic strategies to treat cancers that rely on EGFR signaling networks and autophagy. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of EGFR family member regulation of autophagy in cancer cells and how new therapeutic strategies could be developed to overcome drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Henson
- Research Institute in Oncology and Hematology, CancerCare Manitoba, 675 McDermot Ave., Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada.
| | - Yongqiang Chen
- Research Institute in Oncology and Hematology, CancerCare Manitoba, 675 McDermot Ave., Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada.
| | - Spencer Gibson
- Research Institute in Oncology and Hematology, CancerCare Manitoba, 675 McDermot Ave., Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada.
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada.
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Sakurai H. Non-canonical Activation of Receptor Tyrosine Kinases in Cancer Progression. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2017; 137:141-144. [PMID: 28154322 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.16-00229-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are known to be key regulators of cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion and metastatic spread. Ligand-binding to the extracellular domain triggers canonical activation of the intracellular tyrosine kinase domain. In contrast, it has become evident that RTKs are also regulated by non-canonical tyrosine kinase-independent mechanisms via phosphorylation of their serine/threonine residues. In this review, I mainly introduce our recent findings on the non-canonical regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), ErbB2 and erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular receptor A2 (EphA2), and discuss the roles of non-canonical activation of RTKs in cancer progression and resistance to targeted cancer agents. Further characterization of non-canonical regulation will contribute to the development of new target cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Sakurai
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama
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