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Merolla A, Michetti C, Moschetta M, Vacca F, Ciano L, Emionite L, Astigiano S, Romei A, Horenkamp S, Berglund K, Gross RE, Cesca F, Colombo E, Benfenati F. A pH-sensitive closed-loop nanomachine to control hyperexcitability at the single neuron level. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5609. [PMID: 38965228 PMCID: PMC11224301 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49941-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy affects 1% of the general population and 30% of patients are resistant to antiepileptic drugs. Although optogenetics is an efficient antiepileptic strategy, the difficulty of illuminating deep brain areas poses translational challenges. Thus, the search of alternative light sources is strongly needed. Here, we develop pH-sensitive inhibitory luminopsin (pHIL), a closed-loop chemo-optogenetic nanomachine composed of a luciferase-based light generator, a fluorescent sensor of intracellular pH (E2GFP), and an optogenetic actuator (halorhodopsin) for silencing neuronal activity. Stimulated by coelenterazine, pHIL experiences bioluminescence resonance energy transfer between luciferase and E2GFP which, under conditions of acidic pH, activates halorhodopsin. In primary neurons, pHIL senses the intracellular pH drop associated with hyperactivity and optogenetically aborts paroxysmal activity elicited by the administration of convulsants. The expression of pHIL in hippocampal pyramidal neurons is effective in decreasing duration and increasing latency of pilocarpine-induced tonic-clonic seizures upon in vivo coelenterazine administration, without affecting higher brain functions. The same treatment is effective in markedly decreasing seizure manifestations in a murine model of genetic epilepsy. The results indicate that pHIL represents a potentially promising closed-loop chemo-optogenetic strategy to treat drug-refractory epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assunta Merolla
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Caterina Michetti
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Matteo Moschetta
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Francesca Vacca
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Ciano
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | | | | | - Alessandra Romei
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - Simone Horenkamp
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - Ken Berglund
- Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Robert E Gross
- Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Fabrizia Cesca
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy.
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.
| | - Elisabetta Colombo
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy.
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy.
| | - Fabio Benfenati
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
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Fathi-Karkan S, Sargazi S, Shojaei S, Farasati Far B, Mirinejad S, Cordani M, Khosravi A, Zarrabi A, Ghavami S. Biotin-functionalized nanoparticles: an overview of recent trends in cancer detection. NANOSCALE 2024. [PMID: 38899396 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr00634h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Electrochemical bio-sensing is a potent and efficient method for converting various biological recognition events into voltage, current, and impedance electrical signals. Biochemical sensors are now a common part of medical applications, such as detecting blood glucose levels, detecting food pathogens, and detecting specific cancers. As an exciting feature, bio-affinity couples, such as proteins with aptamers, ligands, paired nucleotides, and antibodies with antigens, are commonly used as bio-sensitive elements in electrochemical biosensors. Biotin-avidin interactions have been utilized for various purposes in recent years, such as targeting drugs, diagnosing clinically, labeling immunologically, biotechnology, biomedical engineering, and separating or purifying biomolecular compounds. The interaction between biotin and avidin is widely regarded as one of the most robust and reliable noncovalent interactions due to its high bi-affinity and ability to remain selective and accurate under various reaction conditions and bio-molecular attachments. More recently, there have been numerous attempts to develop electrochemical sensors to sense circulating cancer cells and the measurement of intracellular levels of protein thiols, formaldehyde, vitamin-targeted polymers, huwentoxin-I, anti-human antibodies, and a variety of tumor markers (including alpha-fetoprotein, epidermal growth factor receptor, prostate-specific Ag, carcinoembryonic Ag, cancer antigen 125, cancer antigen 15-3, etc.). Still, the non-specific binding of biotin to endogenous biotin-binding proteins present in biological samples can result in false-positive signals and hinder the accurate detection of cancer biomarkers. This review summarizes various categories of biotin-functional nanoparticles designed to detect such biomarkers and highlights some challenges in using them as diagnostic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Fathi-Karkan
- Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, 94531-55166 Iran.
- Department of Advanced Sciences and Technologies in Medicine, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd 9414974877, Iran.
| | - Saman Sargazi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
| | - Shirin Shojaei
- Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Bahareh Farasati Far
- Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Shekoufeh Mirinejad
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
| | - Marco Cordani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Arezoo Khosravi
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istanbul Okan University, Istanbul 34959, Turkiye.
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Istanbul 34396, Turkiye.
- Department of Research Analytics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai - 600 077, India
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan 320315, Taiwan
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada.
- Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, University of Technology in Katowice, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
- Research Institute of Oncology and Hematology, Cancer Care Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
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Shi X, Liu R, Wang Y, Yu T, Zhang K, Zhang C, Gu Y, Zhang L, Wu J, Wang Q, Zhu F. Inhibiting acid-sensing ion channel exerts neuroprotective effects in experimental epilepsy via suppressing ferroptosis. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14596. [PMID: 38357854 PMCID: PMC10867794 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease characterized by repeated and unprovoked epileptic seizures. Developing disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) has become important in epilepsy studies. Notably, focusing on iron metabolism and ferroptosis might be a strategy of DMTs for epilepsy. Blocking the acid-sensing ion channel 1a (ASIC1a) has been reported to protect the brain from ischemic injury by reducing the toxicity of [Ca2+ ]i . However, whether inhibiting ASIC1a could exert neuroprotective effects and become a novel target for DMTs, such as rescuing the ferroptosis following epilepsy, remains unknown. METHODS In our study, we explored the changes in ferroptosis-related indices, including glutathione peroxidase (GPx) enzyme activity and levels of glutathione (GSH), iron accumulation, lipid degradation products-malonaldehyde (MDA) and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) by collecting peripheral blood samples from adult patients with epilepsy. Meanwhile, we observed alterations in ASIC1a protein expression and mitochondrial microstructure in the epileptogenic foci of patients with drug-resistant epilepsy. Next, we accessed the expression and function changes of ASIC1a and measured the ferroptosis-related indices in the in vitro 0-Mg2+ model of epilepsy with primary cultured neurons. Subsequently, we examined whether blocking ASIC1a could play a neuroprotective role by inhibiting ferroptosis in epileptic neurons. RESULTS Our study first reported significant changes in ferroptosis-related indices, including reduced GPx enzyme activity, decreased levels of GSH, iron accumulation, elevated MDA and 4-HNE, and representative mitochondrial crinkling in adult patients with epilepsy, especially in epileptogenic foci. Furthermore, we found that inhibiting ASIC1a could produce an inhibitory effect similar to ferroptosis inhibitor Fer-1, alleviate oxidative stress response, and decrease [Ca2+ ]i overload by inhibiting the overexpressed ASIC1a in the in vitro epilepsy model induced by 0-Mg2+ . CONCLUSION Inhibiting ASIC1a has potent neuroprotective effects via alleviating [Ca2+ ]i overload and regulating ferroptosis on the models of epilepsy and may act as a promising intervention in DMTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorui Shi
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological DiseasesBeijingChina
| | - Ru Liu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological DiseasesBeijingChina
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain ProtectionCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yingting Wang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological DiseasesBeijingChina
| | - Tingting Yu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological DiseasesBeijingChina
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yuyu Gu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Limin Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jianping Wu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological DiseasesBeijingChina
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain ProtectionCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Qun Wang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological DiseasesBeijingChina
- Center of Epilepsy, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain DisordersCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Fei Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological DiseasesBeijingChina
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Song C, Zhao J, Hao J, Mi D, Zhang J, Liu Y, Wu S, Gao F, Jiang W. Aminoprocalcitonin protects against hippocampal neuronal death via preserving oxidative phosphorylation in refractory status epilepticus. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:144. [PMID: 37142587 PMCID: PMC10160063 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01445-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Refractory status epilepticus (RSE) is a neurological emergency where sustaining seizure causes severe neuronal death. Currently, there is no available neuroprotectant effective in RSE. Aminoprocalcitonin (NPCT) is a conserved peptide cleaved from procalcitonin, but its distribution and function in the brain remain enigmatic. Survival of neurons relies on sufficient energy supply. Recently, we found that NPCT was extensively distributed in the brain and had potent modulations on neuronal oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), suggesting that NPCT might be involved in neuronal death by regulating energy status. In the present study, combining biochemical and histological methods, high-throughput RNA-sequence, Seahorse XFe analyser, an array of mitochondria function assays, and behavior-electroencephalogram (EEG) monitoring, we investigated the roles and translational values of NPCT in neuronal death after RSE. We found that NPCT was extensively distributed throughout gray matters in rat brain while RSE triggered NPCT overexpression in hippocampal CA3 pyramidal neurons. High-throughput RNA-sequence demonstrated that the influences of NPCT on primary hippocampal neurons were enriched in OXPHOS. Further function assays verified that NPCT facilitated ATP production, enhanced the activities of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes I, IV, V, and increased neuronal maximal respiration capacity. NPCT exerted multiple neurotrophic effects including facilitating synaptogenesis, neuritogenesis, spinogenesis, and suppression of caspase-3. A polyclonal NPCT immunoneutralization antibody was developed to antagonize NPCT. In the in vitro 0-Mg2+ seizure model, immunoneutralization of NPCT caused more neuronal death, while exogenous NPCT supplementation, though did not reverse death outcomes, preserved mitochondrial membrane potential. In rat RSE model, both peripheral and intracerebroventricular immunoneutralization of NPCT exacerbated hippocampal neuronal death and peripheral immunoneutralization increased mortality. Intracerebroventricular immunoneutralization of NPCT further led to more serious hippocampal ATP depletion, and significant EEG power exhaustion. We conclude that NPCT is a neuropeptide regulating neuronal OXPHOS. During RSE, NPCT was overexpressed to protect hippocampal neuronal survival via facilitating energy supply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changgeng Song
- Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Chang Le Xi Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jingjing Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Chang Le Xi Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jianmin Hao
- Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Chang Le Xi Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dan Mi
- Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Chang Le Xi Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiajia Zhang
- National Translational Science Centre for Molecular Medicine & Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Chang Le Xi Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yingying Liu
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute of Neurosciences, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Chang Le Xi Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shengxi Wu
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute of Neurosciences, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Chang Le Xi Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fang Gao
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute of Neurosciences, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Chang Le Xi Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Wen Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Chang Le Xi Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China.
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Verkest C, Salinas M, Diochot S, Deval E, Lingueglia E, Baron A. Mechanisms of Action of the Peptide Toxins Targeting Human and Rodent Acid-Sensing Ion Channels and Relevance to Their In Vivo Analgesic Effects. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14100709. [PMID: 36287977 PMCID: PMC9612379 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14100709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) are voltage-independent H+-gated cation channels largely expressed in the nervous system of rodents and humans. At least six isoforms (ASIC1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3 and 4) associate into homotrimers or heterotrimers to form functional channels with highly pH-dependent gating properties. This review provides an update on the pharmacological profiles of animal peptide toxins targeting ASICs, including PcTx1 from tarantula and related spider toxins, APETx2 and APETx-like peptides from sea anemone, and mambalgin from snake, as well as the dimeric protein snake toxin MitTx that have all been instrumental to understanding the structure and the pH-dependent gating of rodent and human cloned ASICs and to study the physiological and pathological roles of native ASICs in vitro and in vivo. ASICs are expressed all along the pain pathways and the pharmacological data clearly support a role for these channels in pain. ASIC-targeting peptide toxins interfere with ASIC gating by complex and pH-dependent mechanisms sometimes leading to opposite effects. However, these dual pH-dependent effects of ASIC-inhibiting toxins (PcTx1, mambalgin and APETx2) are fully compatible with, and even support, their analgesic effects in vivo, both in the central and the peripheral nervous system, as well as potential effects in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Verkest
- CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), IPMC (Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire), LabEx ICST (Laboratory of Excellence in Ion Channel Science and Therapeutics), FHU InovPain (Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire “Innovative Solutions in Refractory Chronic Pain”), Université Côte d’Azur, 660 Route des Lucioles, Sophia-Antipolis, 06560 Nice, France
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Miguel Salinas
- CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), IPMC (Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire), LabEx ICST (Laboratory of Excellence in Ion Channel Science and Therapeutics), FHU InovPain (Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire “Innovative Solutions in Refractory Chronic Pain”), Université Côte d’Azur, 660 Route des Lucioles, Sophia-Antipolis, 06560 Nice, France
| | - Sylvie Diochot
- CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), IPMC (Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire), LabEx ICST (Laboratory of Excellence in Ion Channel Science and Therapeutics), FHU InovPain (Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire “Innovative Solutions in Refractory Chronic Pain”), Université Côte d’Azur, 660 Route des Lucioles, Sophia-Antipolis, 06560 Nice, France
| | - Emmanuel Deval
- CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), IPMC (Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire), LabEx ICST (Laboratory of Excellence in Ion Channel Science and Therapeutics), FHU InovPain (Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire “Innovative Solutions in Refractory Chronic Pain”), Université Côte d’Azur, 660 Route des Lucioles, Sophia-Antipolis, 06560 Nice, France
| | - Eric Lingueglia
- CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), IPMC (Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire), LabEx ICST (Laboratory of Excellence in Ion Channel Science and Therapeutics), FHU InovPain (Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire “Innovative Solutions in Refractory Chronic Pain”), Université Côte d’Azur, 660 Route des Lucioles, Sophia-Antipolis, 06560 Nice, France
| | - Anne Baron
- CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), IPMC (Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire), LabEx ICST (Laboratory of Excellence in Ion Channel Science and Therapeutics), FHU InovPain (Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire “Innovative Solutions in Refractory Chronic Pain”), Université Côte d’Azur, 660 Route des Lucioles, Sophia-Antipolis, 06560 Nice, France
- Correspondence:
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Shukralla AA, Dolan E, Delanty N. Acetazolamide: Old drug, new evidence? Epilepsia Open 2022; 7:378-392. [PMID: 35673961 PMCID: PMC9436286 DOI: 10.1002/epi4.12619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Acetazolamide is an old drug used as an antiepileptic agent, amongst other indications. The drug is seldom used, primarily due to perceived poor efficacy and adverse events. Acetazolamide acts as a noncompetitive inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase, of which there are several subtypes in humans. Acetazolamide causes an acidification of the intracellular and extracellular environments activating acid‐sensing ion channels, and these may account for the anti‐seizure effects of acetazolamide. Other potential mechanisms are modulation of neuroinflammation and attenuation of high‐frequency oscillations. The overall effect increases the seizure threshold in critical structures such as the hippocampus. The evidence for its clinical efficacy was from 12 observational studies of 941 patients. The 50% responder rate was 49%, 20% of patients were rendered seizure‐free, and 30% were noted to have had at least one adverse event. We conclude that the evidence from several observational studies may overestimate efficacy because they lack a comparator; hence, this drug would need further randomized placebo‐controlled trials to assess effectiveness and harm.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emma Dolan
- The National Epilepsy Programme, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Norman Delanty
- The National Epilepsy Programme, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.,FutureNeuro, The SFI Research Centre for Chronic and Rare Neurological Disease, Dublin, Ireland.,Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
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Zhu Y, Hu X, Wang L, Zhang J, Pan X, Li Y, Cao R, Li B, Lin H, Wang Y, Zuo L, Huang Y. Recent Advances in Acid-sensitive Ion Channels in Central Nervous System Diseases. Curr Pharm Des 2022; 28:1406-1411. [PMID: 35466865 DOI: 10.2174/1381612828666220422084159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Acid-sensitive ion channels (ASICs) are cationic channels activated by extracellular protons and widely distributed in the nervous system of mammals. It belongs to the ENaC/DEG family and has four coding genes: ASIC1, ASIC2, ASIC3, and ASIC4, which encode eight subunit proteins: ASIC1a, ASIC1b, ASIC1b2, ASIC2a, ASIC2b, ASIC3, ASIC4, and ASIC5. Different subtypes of ASICs have different distributions in the central nervous system, and they play an important role in various physiological and pathological processes of the central nervous system, including synaptic plasticity, anxiety disorders, fear conditioning, depression-related behavior, epilepsy, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, multiple sclerosis, malignant Glioma, pain, and others. This paper reviewed the recent studies of ASICs on the central nervous system to improve the understanding of ASICs' physiological functions and pathological effects. This article also provides a reference for studying the molecular mechanisms and therapeutic measures of nervous system-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueqin Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, West Branch of The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital), Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Xiaojie Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Lili Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Xuesheng Pan
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Yangyang Li
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Rui Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Bowen Li
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Huimin Lin
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Longquan Zuo
- Department of Pharmacy, Hospital of Armed Police of Anhui Province, Hefei 230061, Anhui, China
| | - Yan Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui, China
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8
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Alasmari F, Sari DB, Alhaddad H, Al-Rejaie SS, Sari Y. Interactive role of acid sensing ion channels and glutamatergic system in opioid dependence. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2022; 135:104581. [PMID: 35181397 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulation in glutamatergic receptors and transporters has been found to mediate drugs of abuse, including morphine. Among glutamate receptors, ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs) are altered with exposure to drugs of abuse. Acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) are ligand (H+)-gated channels, which are expressed at the excitatory synaptic clefts and play a role in drug dependence. Overexpression of a specific ASIC subtype, ASIC1a, attenuated reinstatement of cocaine. ASICs are revealed to be involved in cocaine and morphine seeking behaviors, and these effects are mediated through modulation of glutamatergic receptors. In this review, we discussed the interactive role of ASICs and glutamate receptors, mainly iGluRs, in opioid dependence. ASICs are also expressed in astrocytes and are suggested to be involved on regulating glutamate uptake. However, little is known about the coupling between ASICs and the astroglial glutamate transporters. In addition, this review discussed the role of nitric oxide in the modulation of ASIC function and potentially opioid dependence. We also discussed the role of ASICs in the modulation of the function of both glutamatergic receptors in post-synaptic neurons and glutamatergic transporters in astrocytes in animals exposed to drugs of abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fawaz Alasmari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA.
| | - Deen B Sari
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Hasan Alhaddad
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Salim S Al-Rejaie
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Youssef Sari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA.
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Acid-Sensing Ion Channels in Glial Cells. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12020119. [PMID: 35207041 PMCID: PMC8878633 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12020119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) are proton-gated cation channels and key mediators of responses to neuronal injury. ASICs exhibit unique patterns of distribution in the brain, with high expression in neurons and low expression in glial cells. While there has been a lot of focus on ASIC in neurons, less is known about the roles of ASICs in glial cells. ASIC1a is expressed in astrocytes and might contribute to synaptic transmission and long-term potentiation. In oligodendrocytes, constitutive activation of ASIC1a participates in demyelinating diseases. ASIC1a, ASIC2a, and ASIC3, found in microglial cells, could mediate the inflammatory response. Under pathological conditions, ASIC dysregulation in glial cells can contribute to disease states. For example, activation of astrocytic ASIC1a may worsen neurodegeneration and glioma staging, activation of microglial ASIC1a and ASIC2a may perpetuate ischemia and inflammation, while oligodendrocytic ASIC1a might be involved in multiple sclerosis. This review concentrates on the unique ASIC components in each of the glial cells and integrates these glial-specific ASICs with their physiological and pathological conditions. Such knowledge provides promising evidence for targeting of ASICs in individual glial cells as a therapeutic strategy for a diverse range of conditions.
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10
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Qiao Q, Qu Z, Tian S, Cao H, Zhang Y, Sun C, Jia L, Wang W. Ketogenic Diet Alleviates Hippocampal Neurodegeneration Possibly via ASIC1a and the Mitochondria-Mediated Apoptotic Pathway in a Rat Model of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2022; 18:2181-2198. [PMID: 36187562 PMCID: PMC9521243 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s376979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ketogenic diet (KD) is a proven therapy for refractory epilepsy. Although the anti-seizure properties of this diet are understood to a certain extent, the exploration of its neuroprotective effects and underlying mechanisms is still in its infancy. Tissue acidosis is a common feature of epileptogenic foci. Interestingly, the activation of acid-sensing ion channel 1a (ASIC1a), which mediates Ca2+-dependent neuronal injury during acidosis, has been found to be inhibited by ketone bodies in vitro. This prompted us to investigate whether the neuroprotective effects induced by the KD occur via ASIC1a and interconnected downstream mechanisms in a rat model of temporal lobe epilepsy. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed either the KD or a normal diet for four weeks after undergoing pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus (SE). The effects of KD on epileptogenesis, cognitive impairment and hippocampal neuron injury in the epileptic rats were subsequently evaluated by video electroencephalogram, Morris water maze test and Nissl staining, respectively. The expression of ASIC1a and cleaved caspase-3 in the hippocampus were determined using Western blot analysis during the chronic period following SE. Moreover, the intracellular Ca2+ concentration, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mROS) and cell apoptosis of hippocampal cells were detected by flow cytometry. RESULTS We found that the KD treatment strongly attenuated the spontaneous recurrent seizures, ameliorated learning and memory impairments and prevented hippocampal neuronal injury and apoptosis. The KD was also shown to inhibit the upregulation of ASIC1a and the ensuing intracellular Ca2+ overload in the hippocampus of the epileptic rats. Furthermore, the seizure-induced structure disruption of neuronal mitochondria, loss of MMP and accumulation of mROS were reversed by the KD treatment, suggesting that it has protective effects on mitochondria. Finally, the activation of caspase-3 was also inhibited by the KD. CONCLUSION These findings indicate that the KD suppresses mitochondria-mediated apoptosis possibly by regulating ASIC1a to exert neuroprotective effects. This may provide a mechanistic explanation of the therapeutic effects of KD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Qiao
- The Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenzhen Qu
- The Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Tian
- The Department of Neurology, Shijiazhuang People's Hospital, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Huifang Cao
- The Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yange Zhang
- The Department of Pediatrics, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Can Sun
- The Department of Neurology, The Third Hospital of Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijing Jia
- The Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiping Wang
- The Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
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11
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Choudhary A, Mu C, Barrett KT, Charkhand B, Williams-Dyjur C, Marks WN, Shearer J, Rho JM, Scantlebury MH. The link between brain acidosis, breathing and seizures: a novel mechanism of action for the ketogenic diet in a model of infantile spasms. Brain Commun 2021; 3:fcab189. [PMID: 34734183 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcab189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Infantile spasms (IS) syndrome is a catastrophic, epileptic encephalopathy of infancy that is often refractory to current antiepileptic therapies. The ketogenic diet (KD) has emerged as an alternative treatment for patients with medically intractable epilepsy, though the prospective validity and mechanism of action for IS remains largely unexplored. We investigated the KD's efficacy as well as its mechanism of action in a rodent model of intractable IS. The spasms were induced using the triple-hit paradigm and the animals were then artificially reared and put on either the KD (4:1 fats: carbohydrate + protein) or a control milk diet (CM; 1.7:1). 31Phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P MRS) and head-out plethysmography were examined in conjunction with continuous video-EEG behavioural recordings in lesioned animals and sham-operated controls. The KD resulted in a peripheral ketosis observed both in the blood and urine. The KD led to a robust reduction in the frequency of spasms observed, with approximately a 1.5-fold increase in the rate of survival. Intriguingly, the KD resulted in an intracerebral acidosis as measured with 31P MRS. In addition, the respiratory profile of the lesioned rats on the KD was significantly altered with slower, deeper and longer breathing, resulting in decreased levels of expired CO2. Sodium bicarbonate supplementation, acting as a pH buffer, partially reversed the KD's protective effects on spasm frequency. There were no differences in the mitochondrial respiratory profiles in the liver and brain frontal cortex measured between the groups, supporting the notion that the effects of the KD on breathing are not entirely due to changes in intermediary metabolism. Together, our results indicate that the KD produces its anticonvulsant effects through changes in respiration leading to intracerebral acidosis. These findings provide a novel understanding of the mechanisms underlying the anti-seizure effects of the KD in IS. Further research is required to determine whether the effects of the KD on breathing and intracerebral acid-base balance are seen in other paediatric models of epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamika Choudhary
- Department of Paediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary Alberta, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Chunlong Mu
- Department of Paediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary Alberta, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine and Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Karlene T Barrett
- Department of Paediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary Alberta, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Behshad Charkhand
- Department of Paediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Christine Williams-Dyjur
- Department of Paediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Wendie N Marks
- Department of Paediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary Alberta, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine and Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jane Shearer
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary Alberta, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine and Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jong M Rho
- Departments of Neurosciences and Pediatrics, University of California San Diego (UCSD), San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Morris H Scantlebury
- Department of Paediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary Alberta, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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12
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Horvat A, Zorec R, Vardjan N. Lactate as an Astroglial Signal Augmenting Aerobic Glycolysis and Lipid Metabolism. Front Physiol 2021; 12:735532. [PMID: 34658920 PMCID: PMC8514727 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.735532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Astrocytes, heterogeneous neuroglial cells, contribute to metabolic homeostasis in the brain by providing energy substrates to neurons. In contrast to predominantly oxidative neurons, astrocytes are considered primarily as glycolytic cells. They take up glucose from the circulation and in the process of aerobic glycolysis (despite the normal oxygen levels) produce L-lactate, which is then released into the extracellular space via lactate transporters and possibly channels. Astroglial L-lactate can enter neurons, where it is used as a metabolic substrate, or exit the brain via the circulation. Recently, L-lactate has also been considered to be a signaling molecule in the brain, but the mechanisms of L-lactate signaling and how it contributes to the brain function remain to be fully elucidated. Here, we provide an overview of L-lactate signaling mechanisms in the brain and present novel insights into the mechanisms of L-lactate signaling via G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) with the focus on astrocytes. We discuss how increased extracellular L-lactate upregulates cAMP production in astrocytes, most likely viaL-lactate-sensitive Gs-protein coupled GPCRs. This activates aerobic glycolysis, enhancing L-lactate production and accumulation of lipid droplets, suggesting that L-lactate augments its own production in astrocytes (i.e., metabolic excitability) to provide more L-lactate for neurons and that astrocytes in conditions of increased extracellular L-lactate switch to lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anemari Horvat
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology - Molecular Cell Physiology, Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Celica Biomedical, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Robert Zorec
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology - Molecular Cell Physiology, Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Celica Biomedical, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Nina Vardjan
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology - Molecular Cell Physiology, Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Celica Biomedical, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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13
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Foster VS, Rash LD, King GF, Rank MM. Acid-Sensing Ion Channels: Expression and Function in Resident and Infiltrating Immune Cells in the Central Nervous System. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:738043. [PMID: 34602982 PMCID: PMC8484650 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.738043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral and central immune cells are critical for fighting disease, but they can also play a pivotal role in the onset and/or progression of a variety of neurological conditions that affect the central nervous system (CNS). Tissue acidosis is often present in CNS pathologies such as multiple sclerosis, epileptic seizures, and depression, and local pH is also reduced during periods of ischemia following stroke, traumatic brain injury, and spinal cord injury. These pathological increases in extracellular acidity can activate a class of proton-gated channels known as acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs). ASICs have been primarily studied due to their ubiquitous expression throughout the nervous system, but it is less well recognized that they are also found in various types of immune cells. In this review, we explore what is currently known about the expression of ASICs in both peripheral and CNS-resident immune cells, and how channel activation during pathological tissue acidosis may lead to altered immune cell function that in turn modulates inflammatory pathology in the CNS. We identify gaps in the literature where ASICs and immune cell function has not been characterized, such as neurotrauma. Knowledge of the contribution of ASICs to immune cell function in neuropathology will be critical for determining whether the therapeutic benefits of ASIC inhibition might be due in part to an effect on immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria S. Foster
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Lachlan D. Rash
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Glenn F. King
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Michelle M. Rank
- Anatomy and Physiology, Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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14
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Jones-Muhammad M, Shao Q, Cain-Shields L, Shaffery JP, Warrington JP. Acid Sensing Ion Channel 2a Is Reduced in the Reduced Uterine Perfusion Pressure Mouse Model and Increases Seizure Susceptibility in Pregnant Mice. Cells 2021; 10:cells10051135. [PMID: 34066660 PMCID: PMC8151496 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Eclampsia is diagnosed in pregnant women who develop novel seizures. Our laboratory showed that the reduced uterine perfusion pressure (RUPP) rat model of preeclampsia displays reduced latency to drug-induced seizures. While acid sensing ion channels (ASIC1a and 3) are important for reducing seizure longevity and severity, the role of ASIC2a in mediating seizure sensitivity in pregnancy has not been investigated. We hypothesized that 1) RUPP reduces hippocampal ASIC2a, and 2) pregnant mice with reduced ASIC2a (ASIC2a+/-) have increased seizure sensitivity. On gestational day 18.5, hippocampi from sham and RUPP C57BL/6 mice were harvested, and ASIC2a was assessed using Western blot. Pregnant wild-type and ASIC2a+/- mice received 40 mg/kg of pentylenetetrazol (i.p.) and were video recorded for 30 min. Behaviors were scored using a modified Racine scale (0-7: 0 = no seizure; 7 = respiratory arrest/death). Seizure severity was classified as mild (score = 1-3) or severe (score = 4-7). RUPP mice had reduced hippocampal and placental ASIC2a protein. ASIC2a+/- mice had reduced latency to seizures, increased seizure duration, increased severe seizure duration, and higher maximum seizure scores. Reduced hippocampal ASIC2a in RUPP mice and increased seizure activity in pregnant ASIC2a+/- mice support the hypothesis that reduced ASIC2a increases seizure sensitivity associated with the RUPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Jones-Muhammad
- Program in Neuroscience, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA;
| | - Qingmei Shao
- Department of Neurology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA;
| | - Loretta Cain-Shields
- Department of Data Sciences, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA;
| | - James P. Shaffery
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA;
| | - Junie P. Warrington
- Department of Neurology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA;
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-601-815-8969
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15
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Liu S, Chen R. [Acid-sensing ion channels differentially affect ictal-like and non-ictal-like epileptic activities of mouse hippocampal pyramidal neurons in acidotic extracellular pH]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2020; 40:972-980. [PMID: 32895149 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2020.07.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) on electrophysiological epileptic activities of mouse hippocampal pyramidal neurons in the extracellular acidotic condition. METHODS We investigated effects of extracellular acidosis on epileptic activities induced by elevated extracellular K + concentration or the application of an antagonist of GABAA receptors in perfusate of mouse hippocampal slices under field potential recordings. We also tested the effects of extracellular acidosis on neuronal excitability under field potential recording and evaluated the changes in epileptic activities of the neurons in response to pharmacological inhibition of ASICs using a specific inhibitor of ASICs. RESULTS Extracellular acidosis significantly suppressed epileptic activities of the hippocampal neurons by converting ictal-like epileptic activities to non-ictal-like epileptic activities in both high [K +]o and disinhibition models, and also suppressed the intrinsic excitability of the neurons. ASICs inhibitor did not antagonize the inhibitory effect of extracellular acidosis on ictal epileptic activities and intrinsic neuronal excitability, but exacerbated non-ictal epileptic activities of the neurons in extracellular acidotic condition in both high [K+]o and disinhibition models. CONCLUSIONS ASICs can differentially modulate ictal-like and non-ictallike epileptic activities via its direct actions on excitatory neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Liu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Rongqing Chen
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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16
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Wang JJ, Liu F, Yang F, Wang YZ, Qi X, Li Y, Hu Q, Zhu MX, Xu TL. Disruption of auto-inhibition underlies conformational signaling of ASIC1a to induce neuronal necroptosis. Nat Commun 2020; 11:475. [PMID: 31980622 PMCID: PMC6981194 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13873-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We reported previously that acid-sensing ion channel 1a (ASIC1a) mediates acidic neuronal necroptosis via recruiting receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) to its C terminus (CT), independent of its ion-conducting function. Here we show that the N-terminus (NT) of ASIC1a interacts with its CT to form an auto-inhibition that prevents RIPK1 recruitment/activation under resting conditions. The interaction involves glutamate residues at distal NT and is disrupted by acidosis. Expression of mutant ASIC1a bearing truncation or glutamate-to-alanine substitutions at distal NT causes constitutive cell death. The NT-CT interaction is further disrupted by N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion ATPase (NSF), which associates with ASIC1a-NT under acidosis, facilitating RIPK1 interaction with ASIC1a-CT. Importantly, a membrane-penetrating synthetic peptide representing the distal 20 ASIC1a NT residues, NT1–20, reduced neuronal damage in both in vitro model of acidotoxicity and in vivo mouse model of ischemic stroke, demonstrating the therapeutic potential of targeting the auto-inhibition of ASIC1a for neuroprotection against acidotoxicity. Acid-sensing ion channel 1a (ASIC1a) mediates acidic neuronal necroptosis via recruiting receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1). Here authors show that auto-inhibition of ASICa prevents RIPK1 recruitment and demonstrate that targeting the auto-inhibition has therapeutic potential to prevent acidotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jing Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fan Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Biophysics and Kidney Disease Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Neuroscience, National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Zhi Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Qi
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin Hu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Michael X Zhu
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, USA.
| | - Tian-Le Xu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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17
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Verkhratsky A, Parpura V, Vardjan N, Zorec R. Physiology of Astroglia. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1175:45-91. [PMID: 31583584 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-9913-8_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Astrocytes are principal cells responsible for maintaining the brain homeostasis. Additionally, these glial cells are also involved in homocellular (astrocyte-astrocyte) and heterocellular (astrocyte-other cell types) signalling and metabolism. These astroglial functions require an expression of the assortment of molecules, be that transporters or pumps, to maintain ion concentration gradients across the plasmalemma and the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum. Astrocytes sense and balance their neurochemical environment via variety of transmitter receptors and transporters. As they are electrically non-excitable, astrocytes display intracellular calcium and sodium fluctuations, which are not only used for operative signalling but can also affect metabolism. In this chapter we discuss the molecules that achieve ionic gradients and underlie astrocyte signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexei Verkhratsky
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK. .,Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Center for Basic and Translational Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark. .,Achucarro Center for Neuroscience, IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48011, Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Vladimir Parpura
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Nina Vardjan
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology-Molecular Cell Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathophysiology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Celica Biomedical, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Robert Zorec
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology-Molecular Cell Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathophysiology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Celica Biomedical, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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18
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Abstract
Degenerin/Epithelial Sodium Channels (DEG/ENaCs) are a large family of animal-specific non-voltage gated ion channels, with enriched expression in neuronal and epithelial tissues. While neuronal DEG/ENaCs were originally characterized as sensory receptor channels, recent studies indicate that several DEG/ENaC family members are also expressed throughout the central nervous system. Human genome-wide association studies have linked DEG/ENaC-coding genes with several neurologic and psychiatric disorders, including epilepsy and panic disorder. In addition, studies in rodent models further indicate that DEG/ENaC activity in the brain contributes to many behaviors, including those related to anxiety and long-term memory. Although the exact neurophysiological functions of DEG/ENaCs remain mostly unknown, several key studies now suggest that multiple family members might exert their neuronal function via the direct modulation of synaptic processes. Here, we review and discuss recent findings on the synaptic functions of DEG/ENaCs in both vertebrate and invertebrate species, and propose models for their possible roles in synaptic physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis S Hill
- a Department of Biology , Washington University in St. Louis , St. Louis , USA
| | - Yehuda Ben-Shahar
- a Department of Biology , Washington University in St. Louis , St. Louis , USA
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19
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Abstract
Astrocytes are neural cells of ectodermal, neuroepithelial origin that provide for homeostasis and defense of the central nervous system (CNS). Astrocytes are highly heterogeneous in morphological appearance; they express a multitude of receptors, channels, and membrane transporters. This complement underlies their remarkable adaptive plasticity that defines the functional maintenance of the CNS in development and aging. Astrocytes are tightly integrated into neural networks and act within the context of neural tissue; astrocytes control homeostasis of the CNS at all levels of organization from molecular to the whole organ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexei Verkhratsky
- The University of Manchester , Manchester , United Kingdom ; Achúcarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science , Bilbao , Spain ; Department of Neuroscience, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU and CIBERNED, Leioa, Spain ; Center for Basic and Translational Neuroscience, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark ; and Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester Medical Center , Rochester, New York
| | - Maiken Nedergaard
- The University of Manchester , Manchester , United Kingdom ; Achúcarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science , Bilbao , Spain ; Department of Neuroscience, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU and CIBERNED, Leioa, Spain ; Center for Basic and Translational Neuroscience, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark ; and Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester Medical Center , Rochester, New York
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20
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Verkhratsky A, Nedergaard M. Physiology of Astroglia. Physiol Rev 2018; 98:239-389. [PMID: 29351512 PMCID: PMC6050349 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00042.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 898] [Impact Index Per Article: 149.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Astrocytes are neural cells of ectodermal, neuroepithelial origin that provide for homeostasis and defense of the central nervous system (CNS). Astrocytes are highly heterogeneous in morphological appearance; they express a multitude of receptors, channels, and membrane transporters. This complement underlies their remarkable adaptive plasticity that defines the functional maintenance of the CNS in development and aging. Astrocytes are tightly integrated into neural networks and act within the context of neural tissue; astrocytes control homeostasis of the CNS at all levels of organization from molecular to the whole organ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexei Verkhratsky
- The University of Manchester , Manchester , United Kingdom ; Achúcarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science , Bilbao , Spain ; Department of Neuroscience, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU and CIBERNED, Leioa, Spain ; Center for Basic and Translational Neuroscience, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark ; and Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester Medical Center , Rochester, New York
| | - Maiken Nedergaard
- The University of Manchester , Manchester , United Kingdom ; Achúcarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science , Bilbao , Spain ; Department of Neuroscience, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU and CIBERNED, Leioa, Spain ; Center for Basic and Translational Neuroscience, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark ; and Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester Medical Center , Rochester, New York
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Taugher RJ, Lu Y, Fan R, Ghobbeh A, Kreple CJ, Faraci FM, Wemmie JA. ASIC1A in neurons is critical for fear-related behaviors. GENES BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR 2017; 16:745-755. [PMID: 28657172 DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) have been implicated in fear-, addiction- and depression-related behaviors in mice. While these effects have been attributed to ASIC1A in neurons, it has been reported that ASICs may also function in nonneuronal cells. To determine if ASIC1A in neurons is indeed required, we generated neuron-specific knockout (KO) mice with floxed Asic1a alleles disrupted by Cre recombinase driven by the neuron-specific synapsin I promoter (SynAsic1a KO mice). We confirmed that Cre expression occurred in neurons, but not all neurons, and not in nonneuronal cells including astrocytes. Consequent loss of ASIC1A in some but not all neurons was verified by western blotting, immunohistochemistry and electrophysiology. We found ASIC1A was disrupted in fear circuit neurons, and SynAsic1a KO mice exhibited prominent deficits in multiple fear-related behaviors including Pavlovian fear conditioning to cue and context, predator odor-evoked freezing and freezing responses to carbon dioxide inhalation. In contrast, in the nucleus accumbens ASIC1A expression was relatively normal in SynAsic1a KO mice, and consistent with this observation, cocaine conditioned place preference (CPP) was normal. Interestingly, depression-related behavior in the forced swim test, which has been previously linked to ASIC1A in the amygdala, was also normal. Together, these data suggest neurons are an important site of ASIC1A action in fear-related behaviors, whereas other behaviors likely depend on ASIC1A in other neurons or cell types not targeted in SynAsic1a KO mice. These findings highlight the need for further work to discern the roles of ASICs in specific cell types and brain sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Taugher
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Y Lu
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - R Fan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - A Ghobbeh
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - C J Kreple
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - F M Faraci
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - J A Wemmie
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Roy J. Carver Chair of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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