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He M, Barry KE, Soons MB, Allan E, Cappelli SL, Craven D, Doležal J, Isbell F, Lanta V, Lepš J, Liang M, Mason N, Palmborg C, Pichon NA, da Silveira Pontes L, Reich PB, Roscher C, Hautier Y. Cumulative nitrogen enrichment alters the drivers of grassland overyielding. Commun Biol 2024; 7:309. [PMID: 38467761 PMCID: PMC10928195 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-05999-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Effects of plant diversity on grassland productivity, or overyielding, are found to be robust to nutrient enrichment. However, the impact of cumulative nitrogen (N) addition (total N added over time) on overyielding and its drivers are underexplored. Synthesizing data from 15 multi-year grassland biodiversity experiments with N addition, we found that N addition decreases complementarity effects and increases selection effects proportionately, resulting in no overall change in overyielding regardless of N addition rate. However, we observed a convex relationship between overyielding and cumulative N addition, driven by a shift from complementarity to selection effects. This shift suggests diminishing positive interactions and an increasing contribution of a few dominant species with increasing N accumulation. Recognizing the importance of cumulative N addition is vital for understanding its impacts on grassland overyielding, contributing essential insights for biodiversity conservation and ecosystem resilience in the face of increasing N deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao He
- Ecology and Biodiversity group, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, 1479 Gortner Ave, St Paul, MN, 55108, USA.
| | - Kathryn E Barry
- Ecology and Biodiversity group, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Merel B Soons
- Ecology and Biodiversity group, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Eric Allan
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Altenbergrain 21, 3013, Bern, Switzerland
- Centre for Development and Environment CDE, University of Bern, Mittelstrasse 43, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Seraina L Cappelli
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, 1479 Gortner Ave, St Paul, MN, 55108, USA
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Altenbergrain 21, 3013, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Dylan Craven
- GEMA Center for Genomics, Ecology & Environment, Universidad Mayor, Camino La Pirámide, 5750, Huechuraba, Santiago, Chile
- Data Observatory Foundation, ANID Technology Center No. DO210001, Eliodoro Yáñez 2990, 7510277, Providencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jiří Doležal
- Department of Functional Ecology, Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Zámek 1, 252 43, Průhonice, Czech Republic
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Na Zlaté stoce 1, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Forest Isbell
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, 1479 Gortner Ave, St Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Vojtěch Lanta
- Department of Functional Ecology, Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Zámek 1, 252 43, Průhonice, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Lepš
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Na Zlaté stoce 1, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Maowei Liang
- Cedar Creek Ecosystem Science Reserve, University of Minnesota, 2660 Fawn Lake Dr NE, East Bethel, MN, 55005, USA
| | - Norman Mason
- Landcare Research, Private Bag 3127, Hamilton, 3240, New Zealand
| | - Cecilia Palmborg
- Department of Crop production Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 901 83, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Noémie A Pichon
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Altenbergrain 21, 3013, Bern, Switzerland
- Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, CH-8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Laíse da Silveira Pontes
- Rural Development Institute of Paraná - IAPAR-EMATER, Av. Euzébio de Queirós, s/n°, CP 129, CEP 84001-970, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - Peter B Reich
- Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, 1479 Gortner Ave, St Paul, MN, 55108, USA
- Institute for Global Change Biology, and School for the Environment and Sustainability, University of Michigan, 440 Church Street, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Christiane Roscher
- UFZ, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Physiological Diversity, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Puschstrasse 4, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Yann Hautier
- Ecology and Biodiversity group, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Plant nitrogen retention in alpine grasslands of the Tibetan Plateau under multi-level nitrogen addition. Sci Rep 2023; 13:877. [PMID: 36650209 PMCID: PMC9845361 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-27392-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) deposition might alleviate degradation of alpine grassland caused by N limitation on the Tibetan Plateau (TP). To determine such limitation and quantify the N-induced N retention in plant, a six-year fertilization experiment with six levels of N addition rates (0, 1, 2, 4, 8 and 16 g N m-2 yr-1) was conducted in the Namco alpine steppe and additional 89 experiments with multi-level N addition were also synthesized worldwide among which 27 sites were on the TP. In general, N addition promoted N retention in plants, and this increasing trend diminished at the critical N rate (Ncr). The maximum N retention capacity (MNRC) of plants at Ncr was strongly correlated with initial aboveground net primary productivity with a slope of 0.02, and the MNRC of grasslands globally ranged from 0.35 to 42.59 g N m-2 yr-1, approximately account for 39% of Ncr. Tibetan alpine grassland had a low average MNRC (2.24 g N m-2 yr-1) with distinct regional characteristic, which was much lower in the western TP (0.80 g N m-2 yr-1) than the eastern TP (4.10 g N m-2 yr-1). Our results inferred 0.33-1.21 Tg N yr-1 (0.22-0.79 g N m-2 yr-1) can be retained and 5.65-20.11 Tg C yr-1 (3.67-13.06 g C m-2 yr-1) can be gained by Tibetan alpine grasslands under current N deposition level. With the aggravation of N deposition, the alpine steppe ecosystem might continuously absorb N and C until N deposition reaches Ncr.
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Effects of 5-Year Nitrogen Addition on Species Composition and Diversity of an Alpine Steppe Plant Community on Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11070966. [PMID: 35406946 PMCID: PMC9002499 DOI: 10.3390/plants11070966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The N deposition rate is notably increased in China, especially in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP). How plants respond to the projected N deposition on the alpine steppe is still in debate. In this study, to investigate the effects of N deposition on the plant community of the alpine steppe, we simulated N deposition at six different N addition rate levels (0, 8, 24, 40, 56, 72 kg N ha−1 y−1) from 2015 to 2019. Species composition and diversity were investigated as the assessment indices. The results showed that the importance value of grasses significantly increased with the increase of the N addition rate, while that of forbs significantly decreased. A high N addition rate (72 kg N ha−1 y−1) induced species composition change, making Leymus secalinus become the most dominant species within the entire plant community. Compared with the control (without N addition), species richness, Shannon–Weiner diversity, Simpson dominance and Pielou Evenness were significantly reduced under a high N addition rate. The changes of plant diversity in the alpine steppe were closely correlated with dynamics of soil nutrients, especially total carbon (TC), total phosphorus (TP) and ammonia nitrogen (NH4-N). Our findings suggested that a high N deposition rate (72 kg N ha−1 y−1) could significantly change plant composition and reduce the diversity of the alpine steppe, though they were less affected by low N deposition rates at present. With the increase of the N deposition rate, plant composition and diversity of the alpine steppe may be negatively affected in the future. In addition, Leymus secalinus is more competitive than other species with an N deposition rate increase. Soil C, soil P and soil NH4-N variation induced by N deposition might play a key role in regulating changes in plant composition and diversity in the alpine steppe. In addition, longer term field investigation needs to be carried out to testify to this phenomenon with the increase of N deposition in the future.
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Kwaku EA, Dong S, Shen H, Li W, Sha W, Su X, Zhang Y, Li S, Gao X, Liu S, Shi J, Li X, Liu Q, Zhao Z. Biomass and Species Diversity of Different Alpine Plant Communities Respond Differently to Nitrogen Deposition and Experimental Warming. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:plants10122719. [PMID: 34961187 PMCID: PMC8703334 DOI: 10.3390/plants10122719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The ability of fragile ecosystems of alpine regions to adapt and thrive under warming and nitrogen deposition is a pressing conservation concern. The lack of information on how these ecosystems respond to the combined impacts of elevated levels of nitrogen and a warming climate limits the sustainable management approaches of alpine grasslands. In this study, we experimented using a completely random blocked design to examine the effects of warming and nitrogen deposition on the aboveground biomass and diversity of alpine grassland plant communities. The experiment was carried out from 2015 to 2018 in four vegetation types, e.g., alpine desert, alpine desert steppe, alpine marsh, and alpine salinised meadow, in the Aerjin Mountain Nature Reserve (AMNR) on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP). We found that W (warming) and WN (warming plus N deposition) treatment significantly increased the aboveground biomass of all the vegetation types (p < 0.05) in 2018. However, W and WN treatment only significantly increased the Shannon diversity of salinised meadows in 2018 and had no significant effect on the Shannon diversity of other vegetation types. Such results suggested that long-term nitrogen deposition and warming can consistently stimulate biomass accumulation of the alpine plant communities. Compared with other vegetation types, the diversity of alpine salinised meadows are generally more susceptible to long-term warming and warming combined with N deposition. Warming accounts many of such variabilities, while short-term N deposition alone may not significantly have an evident effect on the productivity and diversity of alpine grasslands. Our findings suggested that the effects of short-term (≤4 years) N deposition on alpine vegetation productivity and diversity were minimal, while long-term warming (>4 years) will be much more favourable for alpine vegetation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuella A. Kwaku
- School of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;
| | - Shikui Dong
- School of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;
| | - Hao Shen
- School of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Sanitation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (W.L.); (W.S.); (S.L.); (X.G.); (S.L.); (J.S.); (X.L.)
| | - Wei Sha
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Sanitation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (W.L.); (W.S.); (S.L.); (X.G.); (S.L.); (J.S.); (X.L.)
| | - Xukun Su
- Research Center for Eco-Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China;
| | - Yong Zhang
- National Plateau Wetland Research Center, College of Wetlands, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China;
| | - Shuai Li
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Sanitation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (W.L.); (W.S.); (S.L.); (X.G.); (S.L.); (J.S.); (X.L.)
| | - Xiaoxia Gao
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Sanitation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (W.L.); (W.S.); (S.L.); (X.G.); (S.L.); (J.S.); (X.L.)
| | - Shiliang Liu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Sanitation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (W.L.); (W.S.); (S.L.); (X.G.); (S.L.); (J.S.); (X.L.)
| | - Jianbin Shi
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Sanitation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (W.L.); (W.S.); (S.L.); (X.G.); (S.L.); (J.S.); (X.L.)
| | - Xiaowen Li
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Sanitation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (W.L.); (W.S.); (S.L.); (X.G.); (S.L.); (J.S.); (X.L.)
| | - Quanru Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;
| | - Zhenzhen Zhao
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
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He K, Huang Y, Qi Y, Sheng Z, Chen H. Effects of nitrogen addition on vegetation and soil and its linkages to plant diversity and productivity in a semi-arid steppe. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 778:146299. [PMID: 34030349 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) deposition and fertilization, which represent key sources of N input in many terrestrial ecosystems, influence all levels of the ecosystem and involve complex mechanisms. Quantitative and modelling approaches can be used to understand this complexity. In this study, we carried out in situ N addition experiments in a Stipa krylovii steppe in northern China. We evaluated the effects of N addition on plant diversity and productivity under two scenarios (fertilization and simulated increased N deposition) using a structural equation model (SEM). N addition had direct effects on community weighted means (CWM) of plant functional traits and soil properties but had indirect effects on community structure. The changes in community structure and soil properties caused by N addition decreased plant diversity, whereas productivity remained relatively stable and was mainly controlled by changes in community structure. The changes in soil properties and plant diversity caused by N addition had little effect on productivity or soil pH. We conclude that the changes in plant diversity and productivity with increased N input in the S. krylovii steppe were mainly due to differences in growth responses of different species to increased N and the resulting community responses, such as changes in community structure. The results of the present study provide a theoretical basis for grassland management and conservation in the wake of global environmental change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kejian He
- School of Earth Sciences, Yunnan Institute of Geography, Yunnan University, Kunming 560091, China
| | - Yongmei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface and Resource Ecology, College of Resources Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Yu Qi
- Inner Mongolia Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Hohhot 010011, China
| | - Zhilu Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface and Resource Ecology, College of Resources Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Huiying Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface and Resource Ecology, College of Resources Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
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Lu Y, Yang Y, Sun B, Yuan J, Yu M, Stenseth NC, Bullock JM, Obersteiner M. Spatial variation in biodiversity loss across China under multiple environmental stressors. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:6/47/eabd0952. [PMID: 33219032 PMCID: PMC7679164 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abd0952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Biodiversity is essential for the maintenance of ecosystem health and delivery of the Sustainable Development Goals. However, the drivers of biodiversity loss and the spatial variation in their impacts are poorly understood. Here, we explore the spatial-temporal distributions of threatened and declining ("biodiversity-loss") species and find that these species are affected by multiple stressors, with climate and human activities being the fundamental shaping forces. There has been large spatial variation in the distribution of threatened species over China's provinces, with the biodiversity of Gansu, Guangdong, Hainan, and Shaanxi provinces severely reduced. With increasing urbanization and industrialization, the expansion of construction and worsening pollution has led to habitat retreat or degradation, and high proportions of amphibians, mammals, and reptiles are threatened. Because distributions of species and stressors vary widely across different climate zones and geographical areas, specific policies and measures are needed for preventing biodiversity loss in different regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonglong Lu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Fujian 361102, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yifu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- School of Environmental & Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Bin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Beijing 10019, China
| | - Jingjing Yuan
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Fujian 361102, China
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Minzhao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Nils Chr Stenseth
- Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES), Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, 03160 Oslo 3, Norway
| | - James M Bullock
- UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Wallingford, Oxon OX10 8BB, UK
| | - Michael Obersteiner
- International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Ecosystem Services and Management Program, Schlossplatz 1, A-2361 Laxenburg, Austria
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Xie D, Zhao B, Wang S, Duan L. Benefit of China's reduction in nitrogen oxides emission to natural ecosystems in East Asia with respect to critical load exceedance. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 136:105468. [PMID: 31935562 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The emission of nitrogen oxides (NOx) in China decreased by 15% from 2010 to 2015 (without a significant decrease in NH3 emission), resulting in the decline of nitrogen (N) deposition in East Asia. Empirical N critical load exceedance was used to assess the benefit of the NOx emission reduction in China to natural ecosystems in East Asia. Empirical N critical loads for major forest and grassland types in East Asia were assigned based on field manipulation experiments for N effects. The critical load map based on the minimum of the critical load range of each vegetation type showed that empirical critical loads were generally lower in the Tibetan Plateau and some parts of northeastern China (≤5 kgN·ha-1·a-1), and higher in northern and southern China (≥20 kgN·ha-1·a-1). Empirical critical loads were also low in some parts of central and northern Japan (≤5 kgN·ha-1·a-1) and the south Korean Peninsula (5-10 kgN·ha-1·a-1). As a benefit of NOx emission reduction in China, N deposition in East Asia decreased significantly from 2010 to 2015. The total area and total amount of critical load exceedance in East Asia declined 4.6% and 14.3% respectively, suggesting great benefits to natural ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danni Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA
| | - Shuxiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Centre for Regional Environmental Quality, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China
| | - Lei Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Centre for Regional Environmental Quality, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China.
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Chen H, Huang Y, He K, Qi Y, Li E, Jiang Z, Sheng Z, Li X. Temporal intraspecific trait variability drives responses of functional diversity to interannual aridity variation in grasslands. Ecol Evol 2019; 9:5731-5742. [PMID: 31160994 PMCID: PMC6540671 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.5156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Interannual climate variation alters functional diversity through intraspecific trait variability and species turnover. We examined these diversity elements in three types of grasslands in northern China, including two temperate steppes and an alpine meadow. We evaluated the differences in community-weighted means (CWM) of plant traits and functional dispersion (FDis) between 2 years with contrasting aridity in the growing season. Four traits were measured: specific leaf area (SLA), leaf dry matter content (LDMC), leaf nitrogen concentration (LNC), and the maximum plant height (H). CWM for SLA of the alpine meadow increased in the dry year while that of the temperate steppe in Qinghai showed opposing trends. CWM of LDMC in two temperate steppes became higher and CWM of LNC in all grasslands became lower in the dry year. Compared with the wet year, FDis of LDMC in the alpine meadow and FDis of LNC in the temperate steppe in Qinghai decreased in the dry year. FDis of H was higher in the dry year for two temperate steppes. Only in the temperate steppe in Qinghai did the multi-FDis of all traits experience a significant increase in the dry year. Most of the changes in CWM and FDis between 2 years were explained by intraspecific trait variation rather than shifts in species composition. This study highlights that temporal intraspecific trait variation contributes to functional responses to environmental changes. Our results also suggest it would be necessary to consider habitat types when modeling ecosystem responses to climate changes, as different grasslands showed different response patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiying Chen
- Faculty of Geographical Science, State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, School of Natural ResourcesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yongmei Huang
- Faculty of Geographical Science, State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, School of Natural ResourcesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Kejian He
- School of Resource Environment and Earth ScienceYunnan UniversityKunmingChina
| | - Yu Qi
- Inner Mongolia Environment Sciences AcademyHohhotChina
| | - Engui Li
- Faculty of Geographical Science, State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, School of Natural ResourcesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Zhiyun Jiang
- School of GeographySouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Zhilu Sheng
- Faculty of Geographical Science, State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, School of Natural ResourcesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Faculty of Geographical Science, State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, School of Natural ResourcesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingChina
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Liu Y, Taxipulati T, Gong Y, Sui X, Wang X, Parent SÉ, Hu Y, Guan K, Li A. N-P Fertilization Inhibits Growth of Root Hemiparasite Pedicularis kansuensis in Natural Grassland. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:2088. [PMID: 29276523 PMCID: PMC5728089 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.02088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Fertilization has been shown to affect interactions between root hemiparasitic plants and their host plants, alleviating damage to the hosts by parasitism. However, as a majority of studies were conducted in pot cultivation, the influence of fertilizer application on root hemiparasites and the surrounding plant community in field conditions as well as relevant mechanisms remain unclear. We manipulated soil nutrient resources in a semi-arid subalpine grassland in the Tianshan Mountains, northwestern China, to explore the links between fertilization and plant community composition, productivity, survival, and growth of a weedy root hemiparasite (Pedicularis kansuensis). Nitrogen (at a low rate, LN, 30 kg N ha-1 year-1 as urea; or at a high rate, HN, 90 kg N ha-1 year-1 as urea) and phosphorus [100 kg ha-1 year-1 as Ca(H2PO4)2⋅H2O] were added during two growing seasons. Patterns of foliar nutrient balances were described with isometric log ratios for the different plant functional groups receiving these fertilization regimes. Fertilization with LN, HN, and P reduced above-ground biomass of P. kansuensis, with above-ground biomass in the fertilization treatments, respectively, 12, 1, and 39% of the value found in the unfertilized control. Up to three times more above-ground biomass was produced in graminoids receiving fertilizers, whereas forb above-ground biomass was virtually unchanged by the fertilization regimes and forb species richness was reduced by 52% in the HN treatment. Fertilization altered foliar nutrient balances, and distinct patterns emerged for each plant functional group. Foliar [C | P,N] balance in the plant community was negatively correlated with above-ground biomass (P = 0.03). The inhibited competitiveness of P. kansuensis, which showed a much higher [C | P,N] balance, could be attributed to reduced C assimilation rather than mineral nutrient acquisition, as shown by significant increase in foliar N and P concentrations but little increase in C concentration following fertilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ürümqi, China
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Xinjiang University, Ürümqi, China
| | - Teyibai Taxipulati
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Xinjiang University, Ürümqi, China
| | - Yanming Gong
- Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ürümqi, China
| | - Xiaolin Sui
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Xuezhao Wang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Xianyang, China
| | - Serge-Étienne Parent
- Department of Soils and Agri-Food Engineering, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Yukun Hu
- Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ürümqi, China
| | - Kaiyun Guan
- Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ürümqi, China
| | - Airong Li
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
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You C, Wu F, Gan Y, Yang W, Hu Z, Xu Z, Tan B, Liu L, Ni X. Grass and forbs respond differently to nitrogen addition: a meta-analysis of global grassland ecosystems. Sci Rep 2017; 7:1563. [PMID: 28484219 PMCID: PMC5431500 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01728-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) deposition has increased globally and has profoundly influenced the structure and function of grasslands. Previous studies have discussed how N addition affects aboveground biomass (AGB), but the effects of N addition on the AGB of different functional groups in grasslands remain unclear. We conducted a meta-analysis to identify the responses of AGB and the AGB of grasses (AGBgrass) and forbs (AGBforb) to N addition across global grasslands. Our results showed that N addition significantly increased AGB and AGBgrass by 31 and 79%, respectively, but had no significant effect on AGBforb. The effects of N addition on AGB and AGBgrass increased with increasing N addition rates, but which on AGBforb decreased. Although study durations did not regulate the response ratio of N addition for AGB, which for AGBgrass increased and for AGBforb decreased with increasing study durations. Furthermore, the N addition response ratios for AGB and AGBgrass increased more strongly when the mean annual precipitation (MAP) was 300-600 mm but decreased with an increase in the mean annual temperature (MAT). AGBforb was only slightly affected by MAP and MAT. Our findings suggest that an acceleration of N deposition will increase grassland AGB by altering species composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengming You
- Long-term Research Station of Alpine Forest Ecosystems, Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering, Institute of Ecology and Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Fuzhong Wu
- Long-term Research Station of Alpine Forest Ecosystems, Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering, Institute of Ecology and Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Youmin Gan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Wanqin Yang
- Long-term Research Station of Alpine Forest Ecosystems, Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering, Institute of Ecology and Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China.
| | - Zhongmin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Zhenfeng Xu
- Long-term Research Station of Alpine Forest Ecosystems, Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering, Institute of Ecology and Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Bo Tan
- Long-term Research Station of Alpine Forest Ecosystems, Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering, Institute of Ecology and Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Lin Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Xiangyin Ni
- Long-term Research Station of Alpine Forest Ecosystems, Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering, Institute of Ecology and Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
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