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Liu X, Wang S, Ma Q, Liang W, Li J, Zhu T, Li Q, Han Y. A novel ITAM-containing immunoglobulin superfamily receptor involved in lamprey VLRB+ lymphocyte immune response. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2021; 53:800-803. [PMID: 33742672 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmab035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- Lamprey Research Center, College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Sifan Wang
- Lamprey Research Center, College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Qidi Ma
- Lamprey Research Center, College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Wenjing Liang
- Lamprey Research Center, College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
- Fujin No.1 Middle School of Heilongjiang, Fujin 156100, China
| | - Jun Li
- Lamprey Research Center, College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Ting Zhu
- Lamprey Research Center, College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Qingwei Li
- Lamprey Research Center, College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Yinglun Han
- Lamprey Research Center, College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
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Boehm T, Hirano M, Holland SJ, Das S, Schorpp M, Cooper MD. Evolution of Alternative Adaptive Immune Systems in Vertebrates. Annu Rev Immunol 2017; 36:19-42. [PMID: 29144837 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-042617-053028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Adaptive immunity in jawless fishes is based on antigen recognition by three types of variable lymphocyte receptors (VLRs) composed of variable leucine-rich repeats, which are differentially expressed by two T-like lymphocyte lineages and one B-like lymphocyte lineage. The T-like cells express either VLRAs or VLRCs of yet undefined antigen specificity, whereas the VLRB antibodies secreted by B-like cells bind proteinaceous and carbohydrate antigens. The incomplete VLR germline genes are assembled into functional units by a gene conversion-like mechanism that employs flanking variable leucine-rich repeat sequences as templates in association with lineage-specific expression of cytidine deaminases. B-like cells develop in the hematopoietic typhlosole and kidneys, whereas T-like cells develop in the thymoid, a thymus-equivalent region at the gill fold tips. Thus, the dichotomy between T-like and B-like cells and the presence of dedicated lymphopoietic tissues emerge as ancestral vertebrate features, whereas the somatic diversification of structurally distinct antigen receptor genes evolved independently in jawless and jawed vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Boehm
- Department of Developmental Immunology, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany; , ,
| | - Masayuki Hirano
- Emory Vaccine Center and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA; , ,
| | - Stephen J Holland
- Department of Developmental Immunology, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany; , ,
| | - Sabyasachi Das
- Emory Vaccine Center and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA; , ,
| | - Michael Schorpp
- Department of Developmental Immunology, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany; , ,
| | - Max D Cooper
- Emory Vaccine Center and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA; , ,
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