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Zhao WY, Xiong QD, Wu RM, Zeng YH, Xie ZB, Chen YP, Fan Q. Two new species of Paraphlomis (Lamiales, Lamiaceae) from limestone karsts in Guangdong Province, China. PHYTOKEYS 2024; 243:231-248. [PMID: 38974888 PMCID: PMC11224675 DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.243.114415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Paraphlomisqingyuanensis and P.baiwanensis (Lamiaceae), two new species from the limestone area in Guangdong Province, China, are described. Morphologically, both species belong to P.ser.Subcoriaceae C.Y. Wu & H.W. Li. A close relationship between the two new and P.subcoriacea was revealed by molecular phylogenetic analyses based on ETS and ITS. Further morphological and population genetic evidence indicated that they are distinct species in Paraphlomis. According to the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria, P.qingyuanensis and P.baiwanensis were assessed as Endangered (EN) and Deficient (DD), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Yi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, ChinaSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Qin-Dai Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, ChinaSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Rang-Min Wu
- Qingyuan Forestry Bureau, Qingyuan 511518, ChinaQingyuan Forestry BureauQingyuanChina
| | - You-Hong Zeng
- Qingyuan Jinji Forestry Farm, Qingyuan 513029, ChinaQingyuan Jinji Forestry FarmQingyuanChina
| | - Zhi-Bin Xie
- Yingde Forestry Bureau, Qingyuan 513099, ChinaYingde Forestry BureauQingyuanChina
| | - Ya-Ping Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, ChinaKunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesKunmingChina
| | - Qiang Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, ChinaSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
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2
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Kang ES, Son DC, Kim SC. The complete chloroplast genome assembly of Solidago altissima (Lineaus, 1753) (Astereae; Asteraceae). Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2024; 9:605-609. [PMID: 38720906 PMCID: PMC11078073 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2024.2349138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aims to report the complete chloroplast genome of Solidago altissima L., a globally recognized invasive plant. The complete genome length of S. altissima is 152,961 bp; S. altissima has a typical quadripartite structure (including a large single copy of 84,829 bp, a small single copy of 18,084 bp, and two inverted repeat regions of 25,024 bp), which is commonly found in angiosperms. The genome contains 129 genes, consisting of 85 coding sequences, 36 tRNA genes, and 8 rRNA genes. To understand the phylogenetic relationship between S. altissima and its related species, maximum likelihood analysis was performed. The results revealed that S. altissima is closely related to Symphyotrichum subulatum. The findings of the present study could provide fundamental data for the future phylogenetic and evolutionary studies, while also research on species invasion and resolving complexity of S. altissima.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Su Kang
- Forest Biodiversity Division, Korea National Arboretum, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Chan Son
- Forest Biodiversity Division, Korea National Arboretum, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Chul Kim
- Forest Biodiversity Division, Korea National Arboretum, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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3
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Kang ES, Kim SC, Lee SR, Park BK, Son DC. The complete chloroplast genome assembly of Commelina caroliniana Walter (Commelinaceae). Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2024; 9:546-550. [PMID: 38665929 PMCID: PMC11044756 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2024.2345126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
We sequenced and published the chloroplast genome of Commelina caroliniana Walter, which was previously misidentified as C. diffusa owing to their morphological similarities until 1989. The genome of C. caroliniana is 160,857 bp long [large single copy region: 88,064 bp; a small single copy region: 18,549 bp; two inverted repeat regions: 27,122 bp] and has a GC content of 35.7%. The genome comprises 133 genes, including 87 coding sequences (CDSs), 38 tRNAs, and eight rRNAs. The phylogenetic relationship between C. caroliniana and related species was analyzed using the maximum likelihood method based on the 79 CDSs of the chloroplast genome. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that C. caroliniana is closely related to C. communis. Our findings will contribute to studies on species identification and phylogenetic and evolutionary research. These results enhance our understanding of the Commelina genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Su Kang
- Forest Biodiversity Division, Korea National Arboretum, Pocheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Chul Kim
- Forest Biodiversity Division, Korea National Arboretum, Pocheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Ryeong Lee
- Forest Biodiversity Division, Korea National Arboretum, Pocheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom Kyun Park
- Forest Biodiversity Division, Korea National Arboretum, Pocheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Chan Son
- Forest Biodiversity Division, Korea National Arboretum, Pocheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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Wang R, Lan Z, Luo Y, Deng Z. The complete Chloroplast genome of Stachys geobombycis and comparative analysis with related Stachys species. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8523. [PMID: 38609472 PMCID: PMC11014926 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59132-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Herb genomics, at the forefront of traditional Chinese medicine research, combines genomics with traditional practices, facilitating the scientific validation of ancient remedies. This integration enhances public understanding of traditional Chinese medicine's efficacy and broadens its scope in modern healthcare. Stachys species encompass annual or perennial herbs or small shrubs, exhibiting simple petiolate or sessile leaves. Despite their wide-ranging applications across various fields, molecular data have been lacking, hindering the precise identification and taxonomic elucidation of Stachys species. To address this gap, we assembled the complete chloroplast (CP) genome of Stachys geobombycis and conducted reannotation and comparative analysis of seven additional species within the Stachys genus. The findings demonstrate that the CP genomes of these species exhibit quadripartite structures, with lengths ranging from 14,523 to 150,599 bp. Overall, the genome structure remains relatively conserved, hosting 131 annotated genes, including 87 protein coding genes, 36 tRNA genes, and 8 rRNA genes. Additionally, 78 to 98 SSRs and long repeat sequences were detected , and notably, 6 highly variable regions were identified as potential molecular markers in the CP genome through sequence alignment. Phylogenetic analysis based on Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood methods strongly supported the phylogenetic position of the genus Stachys as a member of Stachydeae tribe. Overall, this comprehensive bioinformatics study of Stachys CP genomes lays the groundwork for phylogenetic classification, plant identification, genetic engineering, evolutionary studies, and breeding research concerning medicinal plants within the Stachys genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biologic Resources Protection and Utilization (Hubei Minzu University), Enshi, 445000, China
| | - Zheng Lan
- Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - Yongjian Luo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biologic Resources Protection and Utilization (Hubei Minzu University), Enshi, 445000, China
- Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Key Laboratory of Forestry Biotechnology of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Zhijun Deng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biologic Resources Protection and Utilization (Hubei Minzu University), Enshi, 445000, China.
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Choi B, Hwang Y, McAdam SAM, Jang TS. Comparative microscopic investigations of leaf epidermis in four Ajuga species from Korea. Microsc Res Tech 2024; 87:434-445. [PMID: 37909218 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
The genus Ajuga is widely distributed in temperate to subtropical regions, and four species are currently recognized in Korea (A. decumbens, A. multiflora, A. nipponensis, and A. spectabilis), but epidermal anatomical differences across these species have never been described. A comparative study of the leaf micromorphological characteristics of Korean Ajuga species was performed using light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to elucidate their taxonomic usefulness and to assess leaf micromorphological diversity. Considerable diversity in epidermal and stomatal anatomy was observed across Korean Ajuga species. Species had both hypostomatic or amphistomatic leaves, with anomocytic, anisocytic, diactyic, or actinocytic stomatal complexes. Guard cell length across species ranged from 17.66 ± 0.57 μm to 32.50 ± 2.38 μm and correlated with genome size. Abnormal stomata were frequently observed in three species (A. decumbens, A. multiflora, and A. nipponensis) but not in A. spectabilis. Three types of glandular trichomes were found: peltate in all species, short-stalked in all species, and long-stalked glandular trichomes in A. multiflora. Among the investigated leaf micromophological characters, trichome type, epidermal cell shape, and stomatal morphology were all taxonomically informative traits at a species level. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: A comprehensive micromorphological description of the leaf surface is provided for Korean Ajuga species using scanning electron microscopic (SEM) and light microscopic (LM) analyses. The diverse range of stomatal development and the occurrence of polymorphic stomatal types are documented for the first time in Korean Ajuga species. The great diversity in stomatal and trichome morphology in Korean Ajuga species are taxonomically useful traits for species identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bokyung Choi
- Department of Biological Science, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeojin Hwang
- Department of Biological Science, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Scott A M McAdam
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Tae-Soo Jang
- Department of Biological Science, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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6
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Olofsson JK, Tyler T, Dunning LT, Hjertson M, Rühling Å, Hansen AJ. Morphological and genetic evidence suggest gene flow among native and naturalized mint species. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2024; 111:e16280. [PMID: 38334273 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.16280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
PREMISE Cultivation and naturalization of plants beyond their natural range can bring previously geographically isolated taxa together, increasing the opportunity for hybridization, the outcomes of which are not predictable. Here, we explored the phenotypic and genomic effects of interspecific gene flow following the widespread cultivation of Mentha spicata (spearmint), M. longifolia, and M. suaveolens. METHODS We morphologically evaluated 155 herbarium specimens of three Mentha species and sequenced the genomes of a subset of 93 specimens. We analyzed the whole genomes in a population and the phylogenetic framework and associated genomic classifications in conjunction with the morphological assessments. RESULTS The allopolyploid M. spicata, which likely evolved in cultivation, had altered trichome characters, that is possibly a product of human selection for a more palatable plant or a byproduct of selection for essential oils. There were signs of genetic admixture between mints, including allopolyploids, indicating that the reproductive barriers between Mentha species with differences in ploidy are likely incomplete. Still, despite gene flow between species, we found that genetic variants associated with the cultivated trichome morphology continue to segregate. CONCLUSIONS Although hybridization, allopolyploidization, and human selection during cultivation can increase species richness (e.g., by forming hybrid taxa), we showed that unless reproductive barriers are strong, these processes can also result in mixing of genes between species and the potential loss of natural biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill K Olofsson
- Section for GeoGenetics, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Øster Voldgade 5-7, Copenhagen, DK-1350, Denmark
| | - Torbjörn Tyler
- Department of Biology, The Biological Museum, Lund University, Box 117, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden
| | - Luke T Dunning
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, Western Bank, UK
| | - Mats Hjertson
- Museum of Evolution, Botany, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 16, SE-752 36, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Åke Rühling
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, Western Bank, UK
- Biological Museum, Gyllings väg 9, SE-572 36 Oskarshamn, Sverige
| | - Anders J Hansen
- Section for GeoGenetics, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Øster Voldgade 5-7, Copenhagen, DK-1350, Denmark
- Center for Evolutionary Hologenomics, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, Copenhagen K, 1353, Denmark
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7
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Islam Z, Caldeira GI, Caniça M, Islam N, Silva O. Vitex Genus as a Source of Antimicrobial Agents. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:401. [PMID: 38337934 PMCID: PMC10857077 DOI: 10.3390/plants13030401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Vitex L. is the largest genus of the Lamiaceae family, and most of its species are used in the traditional medicinal systems of different countries. A systematic review was conducted, according to the PRISMA methodology, to determine the potential of Vitex plants as sources of antimicrobial agents, resulting in 2610 scientific publications from which 141 articles were selected. Data analysis confirmed that Vitex species are used in traditional medicine for symptoms of possible infectious diseases. Conducted studies showed that these medicinal plants exhibited in vitro antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus. Vitex agnus-castus L. and Vitex negundo L. have been the most studied species, not only against bacterial strains but also against fungi such as Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans, viruses such as HIV-1, and parasites such as Plasmodium falciparum. Natural products like agnucastoside, negundol, negundoside, and vitegnoside have been identified in Vitex extracts and their antimicrobial activity against a wide range of microbial strains has been determined. Negundoside showed significant antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (MIC 12.5 µg/mL). Our results show that Vitex species are potential sources of new natural antimicrobial agents. However, further experimental studies need to be conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohorul Islam
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal; (Z.I.); (G.I.C.)
| | - Gonçalo I. Caldeira
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal; (Z.I.); (G.I.C.)
| | - Manuela Caniça
- National Reference for Laboratory of Antibiotic Research and Healthcare-Associated Infections, Department of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge, 1649-016 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - Nurul Islam
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6250, Bangladesh;
| | - Olga Silva
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal; (Z.I.); (G.I.C.)
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Shrestha D, Kim E, Shrestha KK, Suh SS, Kim SH, Seo JB. Methanol extract of Elsholtzia fruticosa promotes 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2024; 66:204-218. [PMID: 38618027 PMCID: PMC11007459 DOI: 10.5187/jast.2024.e6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Elsholtzia fruticosa (EF) is present in tropical regions throughout South Asian countries as well as the Himalayas. Although it has been used as a traditional medicine to treat digestive, respiratory, and inflammatory issues, its effect on preadipocyte differentiation is unknown. In this study, we examined the effects of a methanol extract prepared from EF on the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Cell differentiation was assessed by microscopic observation and oil-red O staining. The expression of adipogenic and lipogenic genes, including PPARγ and C/EBPα, was measured by western blot analysis and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), to provide insight into adipogenesis and lipogenesis mechanisms. The results indicated that EF promotes the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, with elevated lipid accumulation occurring in a concentration-dependent manner without apparent cytotoxicity. EF enhances the expression of adipogenic and lipogenic genes, including PPARγ, FABP4, adiponectin, and FAS, at the mRNA and protein levels. The effect of EF was more pronounced during the early and middle stages of 3T3-L1 cell differentiation. Treatment with EF decreased C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) mRNA and protein levels, while increasing C/EBPα and PPARγ expression. Treatment with EF resulted in the upregulation of cyclin E and CDK2 gene expression within 24 h, followed by a decrease at 48 h, demonstrating the early-stage impact of EF. A concomitant increase in cyclin-D1 levels was observed compared with untreated cells, indicating that EF modulates lipogenic and adipogenic genes through intricate mechanisms involving CHOP and cell cycle pathways. In summary, EF induces the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes by increasing the expression of adipogenic and lipogenic genes, possibly through CHOP and cell cycle-dependent mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deumaya Shrestha
- Department of Biosciences, Mokpo National
University, Jeonnam 58554, Korea
| | - Eunbin Kim
- Department of Biomedicine, Health &
Life Convergence Sciences, BK21 Four, Biomedical and Healthcare Research
Institute, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 58554,
Korea
| | | | - Sung-Suk Suh
- Department of Biosciences, Mokpo National
University, Jeonnam 58554, Korea
- Department of Biomedicine, Health &
Life Convergence Sciences, BK21 Four, Biomedical and Healthcare Research
Institute, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 58554,
Korea
| | - Sung-Hak Kim
- Department of Animal Science, Chonnam
National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Jong Bae Seo
- Department of Biosciences, Mokpo National
University, Jeonnam 58554, Korea
- Department of Biomedicine, Health &
Life Convergence Sciences, BK21 Four, Biomedical and Healthcare Research
Institute, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 58554,
Korea
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Yan R, Gu L, Qu L, Wang X, Hu G. New Insights into Phylogenetic Relationship of Hydrocotyle (Araliaceae) Based on Plastid Genomes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16629. [PMID: 38068952 PMCID: PMC10706649 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrocotyle, belonging to the Hydrocotyloideae of Araliaceae, consists of 95 perennial and 35 annual species. Due to the lack of stable diagnostic morphological characteristics and high-resolution molecular markers, the phylogenetic relationships of Hydrocotyle need to be further investigated. In this study, we newly sequenced and assembled 13 whole plastid genomes of Hydrocotyle and performed comparative plastid genomic analyses with four previously published Hydrocotyle plastomes and phylogenomic analyses within Araliaceae. The plastid genomes of Hydrocotyle exhibited typical quadripartite structures with lengths from 152,659 bp to 153,669 bp, comprising a large single-copy (LSC) region (83,958-84,792 bp), a small single-copy (SSC) region (18,585-18,768 bp), and a pair of inverted repeats (IRs) (25,058-25,145 bp). Each plastome encoded 113 unique genes, containing 79 protein-coding genes, 30 tRNA genes, and four rRNA genes. Comparative analyses showed that the IR boundaries of Hydrocotyle plastomes were highly similar, and the coding and IR regions exhibited more conserved than non-coding and single-copy (SC) regions. A total of 2932 simple sequence repeats and 520 long sequence repeats were identified, with specificity in the number and distribution of repeat sequences. Six hypervariable regions were screened from the SC region, including four intergenic spacers (IGS) (ycf3-trnS, trnS-rps4, petA-psbJ, and ndhF-rpl32) and two coding genes (rpl16 and ycf1). Three protein-coding genes (atpE, rpl16, and ycf2) were subjected to positive selection only in a few species, implying that most protein-coding genes were relatively conserved during the plastid evolutionary process. Plastid phylogenomic analyses supported the treatment of Hydrocotyle from Apiaceae to Araliaceae, and topologies with a high resolution indicated that plastome data can be further used in the comprehensive phylogenetic research of Hydrocotyle. The diagnostic characteristics currently used in Hydrocotyle may not accurately reflect the phylogenetic relationships of this genus, and new taxonomic characteristics may need to be evaluated and selected in combination with more comprehensive molecular phylogenetic results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Yan
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (R.Y.); (L.G.); (X.W.)
- College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Li Gu
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (R.Y.); (L.G.); (X.W.)
- College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Lu Qu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development Yunnan Branch, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinghong 666100, China;
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (R.Y.); (L.G.); (X.W.)
- College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Guoxiong Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (R.Y.); (L.G.); (X.W.)
- College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
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10
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Huang X, Wu R, Xiong Z, Ma Z. Pollen morphology of Clerodendrum L. (Lamiaceae) from China and its systematic implications. PHYTOKEYS 2023; 235:53-68. [PMID: 38020469 PMCID: PMC10656617 DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.235.111516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Pollen morphology of 26 taxa of Clerodendrum, as well as one species of Volkameria from China, was investigated through a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Pollen grains of Clerodendrum are monads, radiosymmetric and tricolpate, with medium or large size. The equatorial view of the pollen grains is spheroidal or subprolate and the polar view is (sub) circular or rounded triangular. The colpus membrane of the investigated taxa is sunken (rarely even). Five varying pollen types are delimited on the basis of exine sculpturing: (1) spine-tectum perforatum; (2) spine-tectum imperforatum; (3) microspine-tectum perforatum; (4) microspine-tectum imperforatum; and (5) obtuser spine. The results indicate that Clerodendrum is closely related to several genera in Lamiaceae, including Aegiphila, Amasonia, Kalaharia, Tetraclea, Volkameria, Oxera, Faradaya, and Hosea, as supported by previous phylogenic studies. Additionally, the conventional infrageneric classification of Clerodendrum based on inflorescence and leaf characters is not supported by the results. However, the palynological data can be used to identify some closely related species with similar external characteristics. In conclusion, the investigation of pollen morphology not only contributes novel data from palynology for Clerodendrum but also provides a basis for future comprehensive classification of this genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiakai Huang
- Department of Agricultural College, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, ChinaGuangxi UniversityNanningChina
| | - Rui Wu
- Department of Agricultural College, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, ChinaGuangxi UniversityNanningChina
| | - Zheng Xiong
- Department of Agricultural College, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, ChinaGuangxi UniversityNanningChina
| | - Zhonghui Ma
- Department of Agricultural College, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, ChinaGuangxi UniversityNanningChina
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11
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Phan QC, Nagasaki R, Inoue Y, Tsubota H. The complete chloroplast genome of Callicarpa dichotoma (Lour.) K.Koch (Lamiaceae). Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2023; 8:1174-1178. [PMID: 38188443 PMCID: PMC10769526 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2023.2275332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Callicarpa dichotoma (Lour.) K.Koch is a shrub species with distribution from East Asia to Southeast Asia. We assembled and annotated for the first time the complete chloroplast (cp) genome of C. dichotoma. The cp genome of C. dichotoma is 154,110 bp long with the GC content of 38.09% and consists of four subregions: a large single-copy (LSC) region of 84,915 bp, a small single-copy (SSC) region of 17,783 bp and a pair of inverted repeats (IRs) of 25,706 bp each. The cp genome of C. dichotoma encodes a total of 114 unique genes, comprising 80 protein-coding genes, 30 tRNA genes, and four rRNA genes. Phylogenetic trees based on the coding sequences strongly support the position of C. dichotoma within the genus Callicarpa, confirming the previously reported monophyly of the genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quynh Chi Phan
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Ryohei Nagasaki
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yuya Inoue
- Department of Botany, National Museum of Nature and Science, Ibaraki, Japan
- Hattori Botanical Laboratory, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Hiromi Tsubota
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
- Miyajima Natural Botanical Garden, Green Innovation Division, Seto Inland Sea Carbon Neutral Research Center, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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12
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Ameen F. Taxonomic studies based on leaf epidermal microanatomy using high-resolution microscopy in Lamiaceous species and their antimicrobial effects. Microsc Res Tech 2023; 86:1484-1495. [PMID: 37477095 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
The knowledge of essential oil antimicrobial activity of Lamiaceous species is assessed to describe its effects. The comprehensive foliar trichomes and stomatal morphology of the leaves of essential oil-bearing plants from the family Lamiaceae revealed diverse antimicrobial properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the foliar anatomical traits of 19 Lamiaceous taxa belonging to different tribes using light and scanning electron microscopy to correctly diagnose the species. The microanatomy of the foliar epidermis, trichomes diversity, and the stomatal apertural complex was visualized. Quantitative measurements were noted to describe the variations and the qualitative aspects for example, polygonal shape epidermal cells were examined. The stomatal aperture of four types and trichomes appendages both non-glandular and glandular was identified. Significant variation was found in both quantitative and qualitative traits, including unique ornamentation on the trichomes. The taxonomic key was constructed for accurate identification using qualitative morpho-structural traits. The outcomes of this research explored taxonomically to accurately identify the Lamiaceous species using anatomical characters. This study will provide provides the ecological adaptation linked to evolutionary traits of leaf surfaces that evolve with time to adapt the harsh environmental conditions. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: Investigated foliar anatomical traits of 19 Lamiaceous species The anatomy and antimicrobial activity of essential oil yielding Lamiaceae species. SEM revealed diverse aspects including peculiar sculptured trichomes Microscopic identification of different stomatal complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuad Ameen
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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13
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Bariotakis M, Georgescu L, Laina D, Koufaki M, Souma M, Douklias S, Giannakakis KA, Chouli KN, Paoli L, Loppi S, Karousou R, Smykal P, Castanas E, Pirintsos SA. Climate Change Dependence in Ex Situ Conservation of Wild Medicinal Plants in Crete, Greece. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1327. [PMID: 37887037 PMCID: PMC10604457 DOI: 10.3390/biology12101327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Over 80% of the global population addresses their primary healthcare needs using traditional medicine based on medicinal plants. Consequently, there's a rising demand for these plants for both household and industrial use at local, regional, national, and international levels. However, wild harvesting has negatively impacted natural ecosystems. Cultivating medicinal species has been proposed as a conservation strategy to alleviate this pressure. Yet, in this age of global climate change concerns, smallholder farmers' views on the benefits of such cultivation clash with the uncertainties of climate change impacts, amplifying their anxieties. In this context, the climate change dependence of ex situ cultivation of ten wild medicinal taxa with significant ethnopharmacological interest in Crete, Greece, were studied, projecting their potential habitat suitability under various future climate scenarios. The results demonstrated species-specific effects. Based on the potential cultivation area gains and losses, these effects can be categorized into three groups. We also outlined the spatial patterns of these gains and losses, offering valuable insights for regional management strategies benefiting individual practitioners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Bariotakis
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, 714 09 Heraklion, Greece; (M.B.); (L.G.); (D.L.); (M.K.); (M.S.); (S.D.); (K.A.G.); (K.N.C.)
| | - Luciana Georgescu
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, 714 09 Heraklion, Greece; (M.B.); (L.G.); (D.L.); (M.K.); (M.S.); (S.D.); (K.A.G.); (K.N.C.)
| | - Danae Laina
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, 714 09 Heraklion, Greece; (M.B.); (L.G.); (D.L.); (M.K.); (M.S.); (S.D.); (K.A.G.); (K.N.C.)
| | - Margianna Koufaki
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, 714 09 Heraklion, Greece; (M.B.); (L.G.); (D.L.); (M.K.); (M.S.); (S.D.); (K.A.G.); (K.N.C.)
| | - Maria Souma
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, 714 09 Heraklion, Greece; (M.B.); (L.G.); (D.L.); (M.K.); (M.S.); (S.D.); (K.A.G.); (K.N.C.)
| | - Sotirios Douklias
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, 714 09 Heraklion, Greece; (M.B.); (L.G.); (D.L.); (M.K.); (M.S.); (S.D.); (K.A.G.); (K.N.C.)
| | - Konstantinos A. Giannakakis
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, 714 09 Heraklion, Greece; (M.B.); (L.G.); (D.L.); (M.K.); (M.S.); (S.D.); (K.A.G.); (K.N.C.)
| | - Kyriaki N. Chouli
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, 714 09 Heraklion, Greece; (M.B.); (L.G.); (D.L.); (M.K.); (M.S.); (S.D.); (K.A.G.); (K.N.C.)
| | - Luca Paoli
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Stefano Loppi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy;
| | - Reggina Karousou
- School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Petr Smykal
- Department of Botany, Palacký University Olomouc, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic;
| | - Elias Castanas
- School of Medicine, University of Crete, 714 09 Heraklion, Greece;
| | - Stergios A. Pirintsos
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, 714 09 Heraklion, Greece; (M.B.); (L.G.); (D.L.); (M.K.); (M.S.); (S.D.); (K.A.G.); (K.N.C.)
- Botanical Garden, University of Crete, Gallos University Campus, 741 00 Rethymnon, Greece
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14
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Yousefian S, Esmaeili F, Lohrasebi T. A Comprehensive Review of the Key Characteristics of the Genus Mentha, Natural Compounds and Biotechnological Approaches for the Production of Secondary Metabolites. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 21:e3605. [PMID: 38269203 PMCID: PMC10804064 DOI: 10.30498/ijb.2023.380485.3605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Context The genus Mentha is one of the most aromatic and well-known members of the Lamiaceae family. A wide range of bioactive compounds has been reported in mints. Regarding the high economic importance of Mentha plants due to the presence of valuable metabolites, the demand for their products is growing exponentially. Therefore, to supply such demand, new strategies should be adopted to improve the yield and medicinal quality of the products. Evidence Acquisition The current review is written based on scientific literature obtained from online databases, including Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science regarding the characteristic features of some species of the genus Mentha, their distribution and cultivation, main uses and benefits, phytochemical composition, biotechnological approaches for the production of secondary metabolites, and strategies for enhanced production of mints secondary metabolites. Results In this article, we offer an overview of the key characteristics, natural compounds, biological properties, and medicinal uses of the genus Mentha. Current research describes biotechnological techniques such as in vitro culture methods for the production of high-value secondary metabolites. This review also highlights the strategies such as elicitation, genetic, and metabolic engineering to improve the secondary compounds production level in mint plants. Overall, it can be concluded that identifying the biosynthetic pathways, leading to the accumulation of pharmaceutically important bioactive compounds, has paved the way for developing highly productive mint plants with improved phytochemical profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tahmineh Lohrasebi
- Department of Plant Bioproducts, National Institude of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
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15
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Cai H, Liu X, Wang W, Ma Z, Li B, Bramley GLC, Zhang D. Phylogenetic relationships and biogeography of Asia Callicarpa (Lamiaceae), with consideration of a long-distance dispersal across the Pacific Ocean -insights into divergence modes of pantropical flora. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1133157. [PMID: 37255555 PMCID: PMC10225572 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1133157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
There are about 140 species of Callicarpa L. 1753 (Lamiaceae), with more species richness in tropical to subtropical Asia and the New World. The genus might provide an insight into the amphi-Pacific disjunction pattern of tropical and subtropical vegetation. This study has greatly improved the phylogenetic underpinning for Callicarpa, derived from more inclusive taxonomic samplings, and employing data on both two-nuclear and eight-chloroplast regions. To address time and patterns of diversification in Callicarpa, we conducted divergence time and biogeographic analyses, and inferred shifts in the distribution areas across the phylogenetic clades. Our phylogenetic results show that Callicarpa is monophyletic with respect to the groups considered, and eight well-supported primary clades were discerned in the combined analyses. Our estimates indicated that the crown group of Callicarpa originates around the Late-Eocene (ca. 36.23 Ma) and diversification within most clades is concentrated in the Miocene and continued to the Pleistocene. In addition, our biogeographic analyses suggested that the probable ancestor of the Callicarpa crown clade originated in East Asia and Southeast Asia. Multiple dispersal and vicariance events contributed to the current distribution of the taxa. Furthermore, this genus expanded eastward out of East and Southeast Asia to the New World by long-distance dispersal, which inspired us to better understand the amphi-Pacific disjunct distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Cai
- Department of Agricultural College, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xing Liu
- Department of Agricultural College, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Wenqiao Wang
- Department of Agricultural College, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhonghui Ma
- Department of Agricultural College, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Bo Li
- College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | | | - Dianxiang Zhang
- South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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16
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Ma Z, Su X, Cai H, Su Z, Chen B. Callicarpa stoloniformis (Lamiaceae), a new species from Southeast China based on morphological characters and phylogenetic evidence. Ecol Evol 2023; 13:e9913. [PMID: 36969937 PMCID: PMC10034482 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Callicarpa stoloniformis sp. nov. (Lamiaceae) is described as a new species from Fujian Province of China on the basis of both morphological and molecular data. The new species is morphologically most close to C. hainanensis. However, it can be distinguished from the latter by its unique procumbent life form, adventitious roots at nodes, papery leaves, cup‐shaped or campanulate calyx, truncate or shallow fissure calyx lobes, and smaller fruits. In addition, the new species is also similar with C. basitruncata, a species only known from the original description and the photograph of holotype, but it can differ from the latter by its procumbent shrub, purple terete branchlets with apparent linear lenticels, adventitious roots at nodes, and papery larger leaves with prominently cordate leaf base. Original photographs, illustration, distribution map, and a comparative morphological table, as well as an identification key of the related taxa are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghui Ma
- College of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐bioresources, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science EducationGuangxi UniversityNanningChina
| | - Xiangxiu Su
- Feng Yang Seedling PlantationPingnan CountyFujian ProvinceChina
| | - Huimin Cai
- College of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐bioresources, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science EducationGuangxi UniversityNanningChina
| | - Zhiwei Su
- Institute of Marine DrugsGuangxi University of Chinese MedicineNanningChina
| | - Bin Chen
- Eastern China Conservation Center for Wild Endangered Plant Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical GardenShanghaiChina
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17
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Moein F, Jamzad Z, Rahiminejad M, Landis JB, Mirtadzadini M, Soltis DE, Soltis PS. Towards a global perspective for Salvia L.: Phylogeny, diversification and floral evolution. J Evol Biol 2023; 36:589-604. [PMID: 36759951 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.14149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Salvia is the most species-rich genus in Lamiaceae, encompassing approximately 1000 species distributed all over the world. We sought a new evolutionary perspective for Salvia by employing macroevolutionary analyses to address the tempo and mode of diversification. To study the association of floral traits with speciation and extinction, we modelled and explored the evolution of corolla length and the lever-mechanism pollination system across our Salvia phylogeny. We reconstructed a multigene phylogeny for 366 species of Salvia in the broad sense including all major recognized lineages and 50 species from Iran, a region previously overlooked in studies of the genus. Our comprehensive sampling of Iranian species of Salvia provides higher phylogenetic resolution for southwestern Asian species than obtained in previous studies. Our phylogenetic data in combination with divergence time estimates were used to examine the evolution of corolla length, woody versus herbaceous habit, and presence versus absence of a lever mechanism. We investigated the timing and dependence of Salvia diversification related to corolla length evolution through a disparity test and BAMM analysis. A HiSSE model was used to evaluate the dependency of diversification on the lever-mechanism pollination system in Salvia. A medium corolla length (15-18 mm) was reconstructed as the ancestral state for Salvia with multiple shifts to shorter and longer corollas. Macroevolutionary model analyses indicate that corolla length disparity is high throughout Salvia evolution, significantly different from expectations under a Brownian motion model during the last 28 million years of evolution. Our analyses show evidence of a higher diversification rate of corolla length for some Andean species of Salvia compared to other members of the genus. Based on our tests of diversification models, we reject the hypothesis of a direct effect of the lever mechanism on Salvia diversification. Therefore, we suggest caution in considering the lever-mechanism pollination system as one of the main drivers of speciation in Salvia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Moein
- Department of Plant and Animal Biology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ziba Jamzad
- Department of Botany, Research Institute of Forest and Rangelands, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Rahiminejad
- Department of Plant and Animal Biology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Jacob B Landis
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Section of Plant Biology and the L.H. Bailey Hortorium, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA.,BTI Computational Biology Center, Boyce Thompson Institute, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | | | - Douglas E Soltis
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.,Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.,The Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.,The Biodiversity Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Pamela S Soltis
- Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.,The Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.,The Biodiversity Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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18
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Investigation of Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Ajuga pyramidalis-Isolation of Iridoids and Phenylethanoid Glycosides. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13010128. [PMID: 36677053 PMCID: PMC9860644 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13010128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite several studies on the Ajuga L. genus, the chemical composition of Ajuga pyramidalis, an alpine endemic species, is still largely unknown. The purpose of this study was to therefore deeper describe it, particularly from the phytochemistry and bioactivity perspectives. In that respect, A. pyramidalis was investigated and 95% of the extracted mass of the plant was characterized by chromatography and mass spectrometry. Apart from the already determined chemical compounds, namely, harpagide and 8-O-acetylharpagide, two iridoids, and neoajugapyrin A, a neo-clerodane diterpene, and three polyphenols (echinacoside, verbascoside and teupoloside) were identified for the first time in A. pyramidalis. Incidentally, the first RX structure of a harpagoside derivative is also described in this paper. The extracts and isolated compounds were then evaluated for various biochemical or biological activities; notably a targeted action on the renewal of the epidermis was highlighted with potential applications in the cosmetic field for anti-aging.
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19
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Tang D, Huang S, Quan C, Huang Y, Miao J, Wei F. Mitochondrial genome characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of the medicinal and edible plant Mesona chinensis Benth. Front Genet 2023; 13:1056389. [PMID: 36712846 PMCID: PMC9878300 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1056389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesona chinensis Benth (MCB) (or Platostoma palustre or Platostoma chinense) is an important edible and medicinal plant in China. However, the mitochondrial genome (mitogenome, or mtDNA) of MCB has not been characterized or reported yet. In this study, we first sequenced and characterized the complete mitogenome of MCB. The MCB mitogenome was 494,599 bp in length and encoded 59 genes containing 37 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 19 tRNAs, and 3 rRNAs. Gene transfer analysis revealed that a total of 12 transfer segments with more than 93% identity (total length of 25,427 bp) were detected in the MCB mitogenome. Simple sequence repeats (SSR) analysis showed that 212 simple sequence repeats (SSR) were identified. Repeat sequence analysis revealed 305 repeat sequences (158 forward and 147 palindromic repeats) ranging from 30 bp to 48,383 bp and the 30-39 bp repeats were the majority type. Relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU) analysis uncovered that in total, 9,947 codons were encoding the protein-coding genes (PCGs). Serine (909, 9.1%) and leucine (879, 8.8%) were the two most abundant amino acids, while terminator (32, .3%) was the least abundant amino acid. Ka/Ks analysis indicated that almost all genes were subject to purification selection, except ccmB. Analysis of Lamiaceae mitogenomes constitution revealed that atpB and atpE were unique to the Rotheca serrata and Salvia miltiorrhiza mitogenomes. mttB gene loss was unique to the Boea hygrometrica mitogenome. The core fragments of the Lamiaceae mitogenomes harbored a higher GC content than the specific and variable fragments. In addition, phylogenetic analysis revealed that MCB was closely related to Salvia miltiorrhiza based on the mitogenomes. The current study provided valuable genomic resources for understanding and utilizing this important medicinal plant in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danfeng Tang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China,Guangxi Engineering Research Center of TCM Resource Intelligent Creation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
| | - Suhua Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Changqian Quan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China,Guangxi Engineering Research Center of TCM Resource Intelligent Creation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
| | - Yuan Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China,Guangxi Engineering Research Center of TCM Resource Intelligent Creation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
| | - Jianhua Miao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China,Guangxi Engineering Research Center of TCM Resource Intelligent Creation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China,*Correspondence: Fan Wei, ; Jianhua Miao,
| | - Fan Wei
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China,Guangxi Engineering Research Center of TCM Resource Intelligent Creation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China,*Correspondence: Fan Wei, ; Jianhua Miao,
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20
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Liu X, Cai HM, Wang WQ, Lin W, Su ZW, Ma ZH. Why is the beautyberry so colourful? Evolution, biogeography, and diversification of fruit colours in Callicarpa (Lamiaceae). PLANT DIVERSITY 2023; 45:6-19. [PMID: 36876305 PMCID: PMC9975479 DOI: 10.1016/j.pld.2022.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Fruit colour is essential to seed dispersal, speciation, and biological diversity in global ecosystems. The relationship between fruit-colour variation and species diversification has long been of interest in evolutionary biology, but remains poorly understood at the genus level. Here, we used Callicarpa, a typical representative of pantropical angiosperm, to analyse whether fruit colours are correlated with biogeographic distribution, dispersal events, and diversification rate. We estimated a time-calibrated phylogeny for Callicarpa and reconstructed ancestral fruit colour. Utilizing phylogenetic methods, we estimated the major dispersal events across the phylogenetic tree and the most likely fruit colours related to each dispersal event, and tested whether the dispersal frequencies and distances of the four fruit colours between major biogeographical areas were equal. We then tested whether fruit colours are correlated with latitude, elevation, and diversification rate. Biogeographical reconstructions showed that Callicarpa originated in the East Asia and Southeast Asia during the Eocene (∼35.53 Ma) and diverse species diverged mainly in the Miocene and lasted into the Pleistocene. Large-scale dispersal events were significantly associated with violet-fruited lineages. Furthermore, different fruit colours were markedly correlated with different latitudes and elevations (e.g., violet fruits were correlated with higher latitudes and elevations; red fruits and black fruits with lower latitudes; white fruits with higher elevations). Notably, violet fruits were statistically associated with highest diversification rates, driving fruit colour variation among different regions globally. Our results contribute to further understanding why fruit colour is so variable at the genus level of angiosperms in different areas around the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Liu
- Department of Agricultural College, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Hui-Min Cai
- Department of Agricultural College, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Wen-Qiao Wang
- Department of Agricultural College, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Wei Lin
- Department of Agricultural College, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Zhi-Wei Su
- Institute of Marine Drugs, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Zhong-Hui Ma
- Department of Agricultural College, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, PR China
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21
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Halmschlag CB, Carneiro de Melo Moura C, Brambach F, Siregar IZ, Gailing O. Molecular and morphological survey of Lamiaceae species in converted landscapes in Sumatra. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0277749. [PMID: 36520800 PMCID: PMC9754244 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular biodiversity surveys have been increasingly applied in hyperdiverse tropical regions as an efficient tool for rapid species assessment of partially undiscovered fauna and flora. This is done by overcoming shortfalls in knowledge or availability of reproductive structures during the sampling period, which often represents a bottleneck for accurate specimens' identification. DNA sequencing technology is intensifying species discovery, and in combination with morphological identification, has been filling gaps in taxonomic knowledge and facilitating species inventories of tropical ecosystems. This study aimed to apply morphological taxonomy and DNA barcoding to assess the occurrence of Lamiaceae species in converted land-use systems (old-growth forest, jungle rubber, rubber, and oil palm) in Sumatra, Indonesia. In this species inventory, we detected 89 specimens of Lamiaceae from 18 species distributed in seven subfamilies from the Lamiaceae group. One third of the species identified in this study lacked sequences in the reference database for at least one of the markers used (matK, rbcL, and ITS). The three loci species-tree recovered a total of 12 out of the 18 species as monophyletic lineages and can be employed as a suitable approach for molecular species assignment in Lamiaceae. However, for taxa with a low level of interspecific genetic distance in the barcode regions used in this study, such as Vitex gamosepala Griff. and V. vestita Wall. ex Walp., or Callicarpa pentandra Roxb. and C. candidans (Burm.f.) Hochr., the use of traditional taxonomy remains indispensable. A change in species composition and decline in abundance is associated with an increase in land-use intensification at the family level (i.e., Lamiaceae), and this tendency might be constant across other plant families. For this reason, the maintenance of forest genetic resources needs to be considered for sustainable agricultural production, especially in hyperdiverse tropical regions. Additionally, with this change in species composition, accurate species identification throughout molecular assignments will become more important for conservation planning.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carina Carneiro de Melo Moura
- Department of Forest Genetics and Forest Tree Breeding, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- * E-mail: (CCMM); (OG)
| | - Fabian Brambach
- Biodiversity, Macroecology, and Biogeography, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Iskandar Z. Siregar
- Department of Silviculture, Faculty of Forestry & Environment, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Bogor, Indonesia
- Advanced Research Laboratory (ArLab), IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Oliver Gailing
- Department of Forest Genetics and Forest Tree Breeding, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Centre of Biodiversity and Sustainable Land Use, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- * E-mail: (CCMM); (OG)
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22
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Trethowan LA, Arvidsson C, Bramley GLC. Environmental stress influences Malesian Lamiaceae distributions. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e9467. [PMID: 36340815 PMCID: PMC9627225 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Dual effects of spatial distance and environment shape archipelagic floras. In Malesia, there are multiple environmental stressors associated with increasing uplands, drought, and metal‐rich ultramafic soils. Here, we examine the contrasting impacts of multifactorial environmental stress and spatial distance upon Lamiaceae species distributions. We used a phylogenetic generalized mixed effects model of species occurrence across Malesia's taxonomic database working group areas from Peninsular Malaysia to New Guinea. Predictor variables were environmental stress, spatial distance between areas and two trait principal component axes responsible for increasing fruit and leaf size and a negative correlation between flower size and plant height. We found that Lamiaceae species with smaller fruits and leaves are more likely to tolerate environmental stress and become widely distributed across megadiverse Malesian islands. How global species distribution and diversification are shaped by multifactorial environmental stress requires further examination.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Camilla Arvidsson
- Herbarium Kew Royal Botanic Gardens Kew London UK
- Department of Biosciences University of Exeter Exeter UK
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23
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Comparative Genomics and Phylogenetic Analysis of the Chloroplast Genomes in Three Medicinal Salvia Species for Bioexploration. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012080. [PMID: 36292964 PMCID: PMC9603726 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
To systematically determine their phylogenetic relationships and develop molecular markers for species discrimination of Salvia bowleyana, S. splendens, and S. officinalis, we sequenced their chloroplast genomes using the Illumina Hiseq 2500 platform. The chloroplast genomes length of S. bowleyana, S. splendens, and S. officinalis were 151,387 bp, 150,604 bp, and 151,163 bp, respectively. The six genes ndhB, rpl2, rpl23, rps7, rps12, and ycf2 were present in the IR regions. The chloroplast genomes of S. bowleyana, S. splendens, and S. officinalis contain 29 tandem repeats; 35, 29, 24 simple-sequence repeats, and 47, 49, 40 interspersed repeats, respectively. The three specific intergenic sequences (IGS) of rps16-trnQ-UUG, trnL-UAA-trnF-GAA, and trnM-CAU-atpE were found to discriminate the 23 Salvia species. A total of 91 intergenic spacer sequences were identified through genetic distance analysis. The two specific IGS regions (trnG-GCC-trnM-CAU and ycf3-trnS-GGA) have the highest K2p value identified in the three studied Salvia species. Furthermore, the phylogenetic tree showed that the 23 Salvia species formed a monophyletic group. Two pairs of genus-specific DNA barcode primers were found. The results will provide a solid foundation to understand the phylogenetic classification of the three Salvia species. Moreover, the specific intergenic regions can provide the probability to discriminate the Salvia species between the phenotype and the distinction of gene fragments.
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24
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Zhao WY, Zhang Z, Fan Q, Chen CQ, Liao WB, Boufford DE. Paraphlomisjinggangshanensis (Lamiaceae), a new species from Jiangxi, China. PHYTOKEYS 2022; 204:1-8. [PMID: 36760611 PMCID: PMC9848912 DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.204.87654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Paraphlomisjinggangshanensis (Lamiaceae), a new species from Jiangxi Province, China, is described and illustrated. The new species is morphologically similar to P.intermedia, but can be easily distinguished from the latter by its cordate leaf base (vs. cuneate, decurrent), stem and calyx tube with glandular hairs (vs. short pubescent), and glabrous anthers (vs. ciliate anthers). A phylogenetic analysis, based on ITS regions, suggests that P.jinggangshanensis represents a separate branch in Paraphlomis and is closely related to Clade II. It is currently known only from Jinggangshan National Natural Reserve. Because of its limited distribution and small population size, the species was assessed as Near Threatened (NT) according to the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Yi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yan-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, ChinaSun Yan-Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Zhong Zhang
- Changguling Forestry Farm, Jinggangshan Nature Reserve, Jinggangshan 343600, Jiangxi ChinaJinggangshan Nature ReserveJinggangshanChina
| | - Qiang Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yan-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, ChinaSun Yan-Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Chun-Quan Chen
- Ji ‘an Forestry Bureau, Ji ‘an 343000, ChinaJi ‘an Forestry BureauJi ‘anChina
| | - Wen-Bo Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yan-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, ChinaSun Yan-Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - David E. Boufford
- Harvard University Herbaria, 22 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138-2020, USAHarvard University HerbariaCambridgeUnited States of America
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25
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Kamal N, Mio Asni NS, Rozlan INA, Mohd Azmi MAH, Mazlan NW, Mediani A, Baharum SN, Latip J, Assaw S, Edrada-Ebel RA. Traditional Medicinal Uses, Phytochemistry, Biological Properties, and Health Applications of Vitex sp. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11151944. [PMID: 35893648 PMCID: PMC9370779 DOI: 10.3390/plants11151944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The genus Vitex is also known as a chaste tree, in which it is a large shrub native to the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. A diverse range of species is distributed throughout Southern Europe, the Mediterranean, and Central Asia. The Vitex tree, including its leaves and fruits, has been used for herbal remedies in the form of pastes, decoctions, and dried fruits since ancient times. This article aimed to prepare a comprehensive review of traditional uses and secondary metabolites derived from Vitex sp., including the chemical compounds, biological activities, application of Vitex in human clinical trials, toxicology and safety, marketed products, and patents. The scientific findings were obtained using a number of search engines and databases, including Google Scholar, PMC, and ScienceDirect. Vitex species are well known in pharmacology to have medicinal values, such as anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer properties. Previous studies reported that some species are proven to be effective in treating diseases, such as diabetes, and improving female health. A total of 161 compounds from different Vitex species are reported, covering the literature from 1982 to 2022. A chemical analysis report of various studies identified that Vitex exhibited a wide range of phytoconstituents, such as iridoid, diterpenoid, ecdysteroid, and flavonoid and phenolic compounds. Apart from that, the review will also discuss the application of Vitex in human clinical trials, toxicology and safety, marketed products, and patents of the genus. While the extracts of the genus have been made into many commercial products, including supplements and essential oils, most of them are made to be used by women to improve menstrual conditions and relieve premenstrual syndrome. Among the species, Vitex agnus-castus L. is the only one that has been reported to undergo clinical trials, mainly related to the use of the genus for the treatment of mastalgia, menstrual bleeding problems, amenorrhea, menorrhagia, luteal insufficiency, and premenstrual syndrome. Overall, the review addresses recent therapeutic breakthroughs and identifies research gaps that should be explored for prospective research work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurkhalida Kamal
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Malaysia; (N.S.M.A.); (I.N.A.R.); (A.M.); (S.N.B.)
| | - Nurul Syahidah Mio Asni
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Malaysia; (N.S.M.A.); (I.N.A.R.); (A.M.); (S.N.B.)
| | - Ivana Nur Allisya Rozlan
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Malaysia; (N.S.M.A.); (I.N.A.R.); (A.M.); (S.N.B.)
| | - Muhammad Aniq Hamzah Mohd Azmi
- Analytical and Environmental Chemistry Unit, Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Malaysia;
| | - Noor Wini Mazlan
- Analytical and Environmental Chemistry Unit, Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Malaysia;
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Malaysia;
| | - Ahmed Mediani
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Malaysia; (N.S.M.A.); (I.N.A.R.); (A.M.); (S.N.B.)
| | - Syarul Nataqain Baharum
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Malaysia; (N.S.M.A.); (I.N.A.R.); (A.M.); (S.N.B.)
| | - Jalifah Latip
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Malaysia;
| | - Suvik Assaw
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Malaysia;
- Marine Biology Unit, Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Malaysia
| | - Ru Angelie Edrada-Ebel
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde (SIPBS), The John Arbuthnott Building, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK;
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26
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Chakrabartty I, Mohanta YK, Nongbet A, Mohanta TK, Mahanta S, Das N, Saravanan M, Sharma N. Exploration of Lamiaceae in Cardio Vascular Diseases and Functional Foods: Medicine as Food and Food as Medicine. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:894814. [PMID: 35774598 PMCID: PMC9237463 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.894814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the current scenario, cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the most life-threatening diseases that has caused high mortality worldwide. Several scientists, researchers, and doctors are now resorting to medicinal plants and their metabolites for the treatment of different diseases, including CVD. The present review focuses on one such family of medicinal plants, called Lamiaceae, which has relieving and preventive action on CVD. Lamiaceae has a cosmopolitan distribution and has great importance in the traditional system of medicine. Lamiaceae members exhibit a wide range of activities like antioxidant, antihyperlipidemic, vasorelaxant, and thrombolytic effect, both in vitro and in vivo–these are mechanisms that contribute to different aspects of CVD including stroke, heart attack, and others. These plants harbour an array of bioactive compounds like phenolic acids, flavonoids, alkaloids, and other phytochemicals responsible for these actions. The review also highlights that these plants are a rich source of essential nutrients and minerals like omega-3 and hence, can serve as essential sources of functional foods—this can have an additional role in the prevention of CVDs. However, limitations still exist, and extensive research needs to be conducted on the Lamiaceae family in the quest to develop new and effective plant-based drugs and functional foods that can be used to treat and prevent cardiovascular diseases worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishani Chakrabartty
- Department of Applied Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Science and Technology Meghalaya (USTM), Meghalaya, India
| | - Yugal Kishore Mohanta
- Department of Applied Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Science and Technology Meghalaya (USTM), Meghalaya, India
- *Correspondence: Yugal Kishore Mohanta, ; Tapan Kumar Mohanta, ; Nanaocha Sharma,
| | - Amilia Nongbet
- Department of Botany, School of Biological Sciences, University of Science and Technology Meghalaya (USTM), Meghalaya, India
| | - Tapan Kumar Mohanta
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
- *Correspondence: Yugal Kishore Mohanta, ; Tapan Kumar Mohanta, ; Nanaocha Sharma,
| | - Saurov Mahanta
- National Institute of Electronics and Information Technology (NIELIT), Guwahati Centre, Guwahati, India
| | - Nibedita Das
- Department of Botany, School of Biological Sciences, University of Science and Technology Meghalaya (USTM), Meghalaya, India
| | - Muthupandian Saravanan
- AMR and Nanotherapeutics Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India
| | - Nanaocha Sharma
- Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Imphal, India
- *Correspondence: Yugal Kishore Mohanta, ; Tapan Kumar Mohanta, ; Nanaocha Sharma,
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27
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Petrova D, Gašić U, Yocheva L, Hinkov A, Yordanova Z, Chaneva G, Mantovska D, Paunov M, Ivanova L, Rogova M, Shishkova K, Todorov D, Tosheva A, Kapchina-Toteva V, Vassileva V, Atanassov A, Mišić D, Bonchev G, Zhiponova M. Catmint ( Nepeta nuda L.) Phylogenetics and Metabolic Responses in Variable Growth Conditions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:866777. [PMID: 35651766 PMCID: PMC9150856 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.866777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nepeta nuda (catmint; Lamiaceae) is a perennial medicinal plant with a wide geographic distribution in Europe and Asia. This study first characterized the taxonomic position of N. nuda using DNA barcoding technology. Since medicinal plants are rich in secondary metabolites contributing to their adaptive immune response, we explored the N. nuda metabolic adjustment operating under variable environments. Through comparative analysis of wild-grown and in vitro cultivated plants, we assessed the change in phenolic and iridoid compounds, and the associated immune activities. The wild-grown plants from different Bulgarian locations contained variable amounts of phenolic compounds manifested by a general increase in flowers, as compared to leaves, while a strong reduction was observed in the in vitro plants. A similar trend was noted for the antioxidant and anti-herpesvirus activity of the extracts. The antimicrobial potential, however, was very similar, regardless the growth conditions. Analysis of the N. nuda extracts led to identification of 63 compounds including phenolic acids and derivatives, flavonoids, and iridoids. Quantification of the content of 21 target compounds indicated their general reduction in the extracts from in vitro plants, and only the ferulic acid (FA) was specifically increased. Cultivation of in vitro plants under different light quality and intensity indicated that these variable light conditions altered the content of bioactive compounds, such as aesculin, FA, rosmarinic acid, cirsimaritin, naringenin, rutin, isoquercetin, epideoxyloganic acid, chlorogenic acid. Thus, this study generated novel information on the regulation of N. nuda productivity using light and other cultivation conditions, which could be exploited for biotechnological purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Detelina Petrova
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Uroš Gašić
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Lyubomira Yocheva
- Department of Biology, Medical Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Anton Hinkov
- Laboratory of Virology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Zhenya Yordanova
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Ganka Chaneva
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Desislava Mantovska
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Momchil Paunov
- Department of Biophysics and Radiobiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Lyubomira Ivanova
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Mariya Rogova
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Kalina Shishkova
- Laboratory of Virology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Daniel Todorov
- Laboratory of Virology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Anita Tosheva
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Veneta Kapchina-Toteva
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Valya Vassileva
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | | | - Danijela Mišić
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Georgi Bonchev
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Miroslava Zhiponova
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, Sofia, Bulgaria
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28
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SEMİZ G, GÜNAL B, ARMAĞAN M. Essential oil composition of two endemic Nepeta L. (Lamiaceae) taxa from Southwestern Turkey. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SECONDARY METABOLITE 2022. [DOI: 10.21448/ijsm.1078429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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29
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Fukui Y, Saito M, Nakamura N, Mizuno T, Sato S, Tsukuda M, Nakaoka S, Tsuboi K, Sasaki A, Kuramochi K, Boonyaritthongchai P, Kaewmanee N, Thirapanmethee K, Chomnawang MT, Bongcheewin B, Nguyen TL, Nguyen HLT, Le HT, Okamoto S, Nakamura T, Nakamura Y, Kubo N. Classification of Southeast Asian mints ( Mentha spp.) based on simple sequence repeat markers. BREEDING SCIENCE 2022; 72:181-187. [PMID: 36275937 PMCID: PMC9522532 DOI: 10.1270/jsbbs.21058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Mentha is a complex genus encompassing many species as a consequence of their interspecific hybridization and polyploidy. Southeast Asian mints have been poorly distinguished though they are widely used for culinary and medical purposes. In this study, we have analyzed Southeast Asian mints and known varieties as well as a related Lamiaceae species (Nepeta sp.) using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and leaf morphology. Two types of mints were clearly distinguished based on their venation pattern and leaf shape index. We developed 12 SSR markers that allowed good amplification in the Mentha and another Lamiaceae species. In the SSR-based phylogram, the Mentha lines could be delimited into groups I-VI. The Southeast Asian mints divided into groups I and II, and the phylogram separated most of the available species, with groups I and II containing the known species M. × cordifolia and M. arvensis, respectively. The separation of the two groups was supported by a population structure analysis. The SSR markers developed in this study enabled the simultaneous classification of mints and will help improve our understanding of the genetic composition of known mint varieties and as yet unclassified Southeast Asian mints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Fukui
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, 1-5 Hangi-cho, Shimogamo, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan
| | - Moeko Saito
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, 1-5 Hangi-cho, Shimogamo, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan
| | - Natsuno Nakamura
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, 1-5 Hangi-cho, Shimogamo, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan
| | - Taichi Mizuno
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, 1-5 Hangi-cho, Shimogamo, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan
| | - Shuichi Sato
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, 1-5 Hangi-cho, Shimogamo, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan
| | - Mayu Tsukuda
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, 1-5 Hangi-cho, Shimogamo, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan
| | - Saori Nakaoka
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, 1-5 Hangi-cho, Shimogamo, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan
| | - Keita Tsuboi
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, 1-5 Hangi-cho, Shimogamo, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan
| | - Azusa Sasaki
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, 1-5 Hangi-cho, Shimogamo, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan
| | - Kouji Kuramochi
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Panida Boonyaritthongchai
- School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkhuntien, Bangkok 10150, Thailand
| | - Nichapat Kaewmanee
- School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkhuntien, Bangkok 10150, Thailand
| | - Krit Thirapanmethee
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, 447 Sri-Ayuthaya, Rajathevi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Mullika Traidej Chomnawang
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, 447 Sri-Ayuthaya, Rajathevi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Bhanubong Bongcheewin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, 447 Sri-Ayuthaya, Rajathevi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Thuy Linh Nguyen
- Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health and Hanoi Medical University Hospital, Hanoi Medical University, 1 Ton That Tung, Dong Da, Hanoi 116001, Vietnam
| | - Huong Lan Thi Nguyen
- Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health and Hanoi Medical University Hospital, Hanoi Medical University, 1 Ton That Tung, Dong Da, Hanoi 116001, Vietnam
| | - Huong Thi Le
- Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health and Hanoi Medical University Hospital, Hanoi Medical University, 1 Ton That Tung, Dong Da, Hanoi 116001, Vietnam
| | - Shigehisa Okamoto
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Takako Nakamura
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, 1-5 Hangi-cho, Shimogamo, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, 1-5 Hangi-cho, Shimogamo, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan
| | - Yasushi Nakamura
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, 1-5 Hangi-cho, Shimogamo, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, 1-5 Hangi-cho, Shimogamo, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan
- Planning Office, Kyoto Prefectural Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Technology Center, 9 Wakunari, Amarube-cho, Kameoka, Kyoto 621-0806, Japan
| | - Nakao Kubo
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, 1-5 Hangi-cho, Shimogamo, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, 1-5 Hangi-cho, Shimogamo, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan
- Biotechnology Research Department, Kyoto Prefectural Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Technology Center, 74 Oji, Kitainayazuma, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0244, Japan
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30
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Tang D, Lin Y, Wei F, Quan C, Wei K, Wei Y, Cai Z, Kashif MH, Miao J. Characteristics and comparative analysis of Mesona chinensis Benth chloroplast genome reveals DNA barcode regions for species identification. Funct Integr Genomics 2022; 22:467-479. [PMID: 35318559 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-022-00846-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Mesona chinensis Benth (MCB) is an important medicinal and edible plant in Southern China and Southeast Asian countries. Chloroplast (cp) genome is usually used for plant phylogeny, species identification, and chloroplast genetic engineering. To characterize the cp genome and determine the evolutionary position and perform the genetic diversity analysis of MCB, we sequence and characterize the MCB cp genome. The results show that the cp genome of MCB is a single circular molecule with a length of 152,635 bp. It is a typical quadripartite structure, comprising a large single-copy region (LSC, 83,514 bp) and a small single-copy region (SSC, 17,751 bp) separated by two inverted repeat regions (IRs, 51,370 bp). It encodes 129 unique genes, including 84 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 37 transfer RNAs (tRNAs), and 8 ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs). Altogether 127 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) are identified in the MCB cp genome with 86.61% of mononucleotide repeats. Phylogenetic analysis reveals that MCB is most closely related to Ocimum basilicum based on the whole cp genomes. Several highly divergent regions are found, such as trnH_psbA, rps16_trnQ, trnS_trnG, trnE_trnT, psaA_ycf3, rpl32_trnL, ccsA_ndhD, ndhG_ndhI, and rps15_ycf1, which can be proposed for use as DNA barcode regions. Genetic diversity analysis unveils a relatively narrow genetic basis of MCB germplasm resources. Therefore, the innovative breeding of MCB is very urgent and necessary in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danfeng Tang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China. .,Guangxi Engineering Research Center of TCM Resource Intelligent Creation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China.
| | - Yang Lin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Engineering Research Center of TCM Resource Intelligent Creation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
| | - Fan Wei
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Engineering Research Center of TCM Resource Intelligent Creation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
| | - Changqian Quan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Engineering Research Center of TCM Resource Intelligent Creation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
| | - Kunhua Wei
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Engineering Research Center of TCM Resource Intelligent Creation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
| | - Yanyan Wei
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Zhongquan Cai
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | | | - Jianhua Miao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China. .,Guangxi Engineering Research Center of TCM Resource Intelligent Creation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China.
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Pharmacological properties and preliminary phytochemical analysis of Pseudocaryopterisfoetida (D.Don) P.D. Cantino leaves. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:1185-1190. [PMID: 35197785 PMCID: PMC8848020 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.09.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Medicinal plants have significant contribution in pharmaceutical industries being producers of compounds utilized as precursors for drug development. A plant of Lamiaceae family; Pseudocaryopteris foetida had not been investigated for its biomedical potential. Current research was aimed to investigate phytochemical analysis, cytotoxic potential and antioxidant activity of crude methanolic extract and fractions of Pseudocaryopteris foetida (leaves). The preliminary phytochemical analysis of crude methanolic extracts and fractions of Pseudocaryopteris foetida revealed that plant is rich in phenolic and flavonoid classes of secondary metabolites while presence of tannin was observed only in crude methanolic extract. The cytotoxicity was determined using brine shrimp lethality test. Different concentrations (25, 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 µg/mL) of crude methanolic extract and fractions exhibited dose dependent cytotoxicity. However, The LD50 for all the extracts was more than 200 µg/mL indicating weak cytotoxic potential of Pseudocaryopteris foetida. The antioxidant capabilities of crude methanolic extract and fraction of Pseudocaryopteris foetida were analyzed by in vitro bio assays including DPPH, ABTS, Reducing power and phosphomolybdate antioxidant assays using ascorbic acid as standard. The crude methanolic extract showed IC50 (256.38 ± 0.6 and 314.95 ± 1.1 µg/mL) for DPPH and ABTS respectively, while total antioxidant capacity was calculated as 55.79 ± 0.5 µg/mL for crude methanolic extract of Pseudocaryopteris foetida while ascorbic acid indicated total antioxidant capacity of 71.89 ± 2.3 µg/mL. Study concluded that leaves of Pseudocaryopteris foetida were the rich source of antioxidant phytochemicals. Based on preliminary investigations further research should be focused to isolate bioactive phytochemicals as leading source of clinical medicines in future.
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Hernandez-Leon A, Moreno-Pérez GF, Martínez-Gordillo M, Aguirre-Hernández E, Valle-Dorado MG, Díaz-Reval MI, González-Trujano ME, Pellicer F. Lamiaceae in Mexican Species, a Great but Scarcely Explored Source of Secondary Metabolites with Potential Pharmacological Effects in Pain Relief. Molecules 2021; 26:7632. [PMID: 34946714 PMCID: PMC8705283 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26247632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The search for molecules that contribute to the relief of pain is a field of research in constant development. Lamiaceae is one of the most recognized families world-wide for its use in traditional medicine to treat diseases that include pain and inflammation. Mexico can be considered one of the most important centers of diversification, and due to the high endemism of this family, it is crucial for the in situ conservation of this family. Information about the most common genera and species found in this country and their uses in folk medicine are scarcely reported in the literature. After an extensive inspection in bibliographic databases, mainly Sciencedirect, Pubmed and Springer, almost 1200 articles describing aspects of Lamiaceae were found; however, 217 articles were selected because they recognize the Mexican genera and species with antinociceptive and/or anti-inflammatory potential to relieve pain, such as Salvia and Agastache. The bioactive constituents of these genera were mainly terpenes (volatile and non-volatile) and phenolic compounds such as flavonoids (glycosides and aglycone). The aim of this review is to analyze important aspects of Mexican genera of Lamiaceae, scarcely explored as a potential source of secondary metabolites responsible for the analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties of these species. In addition, we point out the possible mechanisms of action involved and the modulatory pathways investigated in different experimental models. As a result of this review, it is important to mention that scarce information has been reported regarding species of this family from Mexican genera. In fact, despite Calosphace being one of the largest subgenera of Salvia in the world, found mainly in Mexico, it has been barely investigated regarding its potential biological activities and recognized bioactive constituents. The scientific evidence regarding the different bioactive constituents found in species of Lamiaceae demonstrates that several species require further investigation in preclinical studies, and of course also in controlled clinical trials evaluating the efficacy and safety of these natural products to support their therapeutic potential in pain relief and/or inflammation, among other health conditions. Since Mexico is one of the most important centers of diversification, and due to the high endemism of species of this family, it is crucial their rescue, in situ conservation, and investigation of their health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Hernandez-Leon
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología de Productos Naturales, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City 14370, Mexico; (A.H.-L.); (G.F.M.-P.); (F.P.)
| | - Gabriel Fernando Moreno-Pérez
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología de Productos Naturales, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City 14370, Mexico; (A.H.-L.); (G.F.M.-P.); (F.P.)
- Programa de Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Martha Martínez-Gordillo
- Herbario de la Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Comparada, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City 04510, Mexico;
| | - Eva Aguirre-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Ecología y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City 04510, Mexico;
| | - María Guadalupe Valle-Dorado
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City 04510, Mexico;
| | - María Irene Díaz-Reval
- Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Colima, Colima 28045, Mexico;
| | - María Eva González-Trujano
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología de Productos Naturales, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City 14370, Mexico; (A.H.-L.); (G.F.M.-P.); (F.P.)
| | - Francisco Pellicer
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología de Productos Naturales, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City 14370, Mexico; (A.H.-L.); (G.F.M.-P.); (F.P.)
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Zhou Y, Zhang H, Ping H, Ding Y, Hu S, Bi G, Li C, Li H, Huang Y, Guo L, Ma X, Xia Z. Characterization of the complete chloroplast genome of Salvia leucantha (Lamiaceae). Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2021; 6:3406-3408. [PMID: 34790877 PMCID: PMC8592588 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2021.2000899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Salvia leucantha (Lamiaceae) is an important horticultural plant with great ornamental and economic value. Here, we report the complete chloroplast genome of this species. The chloroplast genome was determined to be 151021 bp and the GC contents was 38.0%. The sequence includes a large single copy (LSC) region of 82,262 bp, a small single copy (SSC) region of 17,537 bp, and two separated inverted regions of 25,611 bp each. It contains 130 unique genes, including 85 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNA genes, and 8 rRNA genes. Based on the chloroplast genomes data of 26 species in Salvia, our result indicated that S. leucantha, S. tiliifolia, S. hispanica, and S. splendens formed one clade with Bootstrap = 100%. The four species belong to Salvia subgenus Calosphace, and S. leucantha was closely related to Salvia tiliifolia and Salvia hispanica. This result will facilitate population, genetic diversity and phylogenetic studies of S. leucantha.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhou
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongrui Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongming Ping
- School of Computer Science, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, China
| | - Yining Ding
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Saiwen Hu
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guangyao Bi
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Cuicui Li
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Heming Li
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yong Huang
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Linxiu Guo
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xingli Ma
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhi Xia
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
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Wang CY, Chen LH, He HL, Liu Y, Wang Q. The complete chloroplast genome of Callicarpa longifolia Lamk. var. floccosa Schauer (Lamiaceae). Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2021; 6:3473-3474. [PMID: 34869880 PMCID: PMC8635532 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2021.2002210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Callicarpa longifolia Lamk. var. floccosa Schauer is a species with medicinal and ornamental values. In this study, the complete chloroplast genome of C. longifolia var. floccose is reported. The chloroplast genome of this species is 154,285 bp in length and contains a typical circular quadripartite structure. There are two inverted repeats of 25,700 bp, which is separated by a large single-copy region of 85,008 bp and a small single-copy region of 17,877 bp. The complete chloroplast contains 112 distinct genes, including 78 protein-coding, 30 tRNAs and 4 rRNAs genes. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that C. longifolia var. floccose is closely associated with C. formosana.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Li-Hua Chen
- Chongqing City Management College, Chongqing, China
| | - Hui-Liu He
- Chongqing City Management College, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Chongqing Academic of Forestry, Chongqing, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Institute of Resources Botany, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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Çalış İ, Başer KHC. Review of Studies on Phlomis and Eremostachys Species (Lamiaceae) with Emphasis on Iridoids, Phenylethanoid Glycosides, and Essential Oils. PLANTA MEDICA 2021; 87:1128-1151. [PMID: 34416766 DOI: 10.1055/a-1527-4238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
As the sixth-largest Angiosperm family, Lamiaceae contains more than 245 genera and 7886 species that are distributed worldwide. It is also the third-largest family based on the number of taxa in Turkey where it is represented by 46 genera and 782 taxa with a high endemism ratio (44%). Besides, Lamiaceae are rich in plants with economic and medicinal value containing volatile and nonvolatile compounds. Many aromatic plants of Lamiaceae such as Salvia, Sideritis, Stachys, Phlomis, and Teucrium species are used in traditional herbal medicine throughout Turkey as well as in other Mediterranean countries. Salvia (Sage tea "Adaçayı"), Sideritis (Mountain tea "Dağçayı"), Stachys (Hairy Tea "Tüylü Çay"), and Phlomis (Turkish sage "Çalba or Şalba") are the largest genera that are used as herbal teas. This review focuses on the volatile and nonvolatile compounds of Lamiaceae from the genera Phlomis and Eremostachys of the subfamily Lamioideae with emphasis on iridoids, phenylethanoid glycosides, and essential oils.
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Affiliation(s)
- İhsan Çalış
- Near East University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Lefkoşa (Nicosia), TRNC
| | - K Hüsnü Can Başer
- Near East University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Lefkoşa (Nicosia), TRNC
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Cai H, Liu X, Su Z, Ma Z. The complete chloroplast genome of Callicarpa rubella Lindl. (Lamiaceae) from Guangxi, China: genome structure and phylogenetic analysis. MITOCHONDRIAL DNA PART B-RESOURCES 2021; 6:3280-3282. [PMID: 34712812 PMCID: PMC8547871 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2021.1993106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The relationship between Callicarpa rubella Lindl. and its infraspecific taxa has troubled researchers for a long time. Here, we reported for the first time the complete chloroplast (cp) genome of C. rubella to investigate its phylogenetic position and provide more sequencing information for further studies about the relationship between C. rubella and its related species. The cp genome of C. rubella was 154,202 bp in length and displayed a typical quadripartite angiosperm structure, containing two inverted repeat (IR) regions of 25,701 bp, a large single-copy (LSC) region of 84,968 bp and a small single-copy (SSC) region of 17,832 bp. It contained 87 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNA genes and 8 rRNA genes. The analysis fully resolved C. rubella was in a clade with C. bodinieri and C. nudiflora. The results indicated Callicarpa formed a sister relationship with Dicrastylis parvifolia in Lamiaceae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Cai
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, Traditional Chinese Herbal Medicine Resources and Agriculturalization Research Institute, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Xing Liu
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, Traditional Chinese Herbal Medicine Resources and Agriculturalization Research Institute, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Zhiwei Su
- Institute of Marine Drugs, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Zhonghui Ma
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, Traditional Chinese Herbal Medicine Resources and Agriculturalization Research Institute, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
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Taxonomic Insights and Its Type Cyclization Correlation of Volatile Sesquiterpenes in Vitex Species and Potential Source Insecticidal Compounds: A Review. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26216405. [PMID: 34770814 PMCID: PMC8587464 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sesquiterpenes (SS) are secondary metabolites formed by the bonding of 3 isoprene (C5) units. They play an important role in the defense and signaling of plants to adapt to the environment, face stress, and communicate with the outside world, and their evolutionary history is closely related to their physiological functions. This review considers their presence and extensively summarizes the 156 sesquiterpenes identified in Vitextaxa, emphasizing those with higher concentrations and frequency among species and correlating with the insecticidal activities and defensive responses reported in the literature. In addition, we classify the SS based on their chemical structures and addresses cyclization in biosynthetic origin. Most relevant sesquiterpenes of the Vitex genus are derived from the germacredienyl cation mainly via bicyclogermacrene and germacrene C, giving rise to aromadrendanes, a skeleton with the highest number of representative compounds in this genus, and 6,9-guaiadiene, respectively, indicating the production of 1.10-cyclizing sesquiterpene synthases. These enzymes can play an important role in the chemosystematics of the genus from their corresponding routes and cyclizations, constituting a new approach to chemotaxonomy. In conclusion, this review is a compilation of detailed information on the profile of sesquiterpene in the Vitex genus and, thus, points to new unexplored horizons for future research.
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Lara-Cabrera SI, Perez-Garcia MDLL, Maya-Lastra CA, Montero-Castro JC, Godden GT, Cibrian-Jaramillo A, Fisher AE, Porter JM. Phylogenomics of Salvia L. subgenus Calosphace (Lamiaceae). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:725900. [PMID: 34721456 PMCID: PMC8554000 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.725900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The evolutionary relationships of Salvia have been difficult to estimate. In this study, we used the Next Generation Sequencing method Hyb-Seq to evaluate relationships among 90 Lamiaceae samples, including representatives of Mentheae, Ocimeae, Salvia subgenera Audibertia, Leonia, Salvia, and 69 species of subgenus Calosphace, representing 32 of Epling's sections. A bait set was designed in MarkerMiner using available transcriptome data to enrich 119 variable nuclear loci. Nuclear and chloroplast loci were assembled with hybphylomaker (HPM), followed by coalescent approach analyses for nuclear data (ASTRAL, BEAST) and a concatenated Maximum Likelihood analysis of chloroplast loci. The HPM assembly had an average of 1,314,368 mapped reads for the sample and 527 putative exons. Phylogenetic inferences resolved strongly supported relationships for the deep-level nodes, agreeing with previous hypotheses which assumed that subgenus Audibertia is sister to subgenus Calosphace. Within subgenus Calosphace, we recovered eight monophyletic sections sensu Epling, Cardinalis, Hastatae, Incarnatae, and Uricae in all the analyses (nDNA and cpDNA), Biflorae, Lavanduloideae, and Sigmoideae in nuclear analyses (ASTRAL, BEAST) and Curtiflorae in ASTRAL trees. Network analysis supports deep node relationships, some of the main clades, and recovers reticulation within the core Calosphace. The chloroplast phylogeny resolved deep nodes and four monophyletic Calosphace sections. Placement of S. axillaris is distinct in nuclear evidence and chloroplast, as sister to the rest of the S. subg. Calosphace in chloroplast and a clade with "Hastatae clade" sister to the rest of the subgenus in nuclear evidence. We also tested the monophyly of S. hispanica, S. polystachia, S. purpurea, and S. tiliifolia, including two samples of each, and found that S. hispanica and S. purpurea are monophyletic. Our baits can be used in future studies of Lamiaceae phylogeny to estimate relationships between genera and among species. In this study, we presented a Hyb-Seq phylogeny for complex, recently diverged Salvia, which could be implemented in other Lamiaceae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Irene Lara-Cabrera
- Laboratorio de Sistemática Molecular de Plantas, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Mexico
| | - Maria de la Luz Perez-Garcia
- Departamento de Botánica y Zoología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Carlos Alonso Maya-Lastra
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Juan Carlos Montero-Castro
- Laboratorio de Sistemática Molecular de Plantas, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Mexico
| | - Grant T. Godden
- Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Angelica Cibrian-Jaramillo
- Laboratorio Nacional de Genómica para la Biodiversidad, Unidad de Genómica Avanzada del Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del instituto Politécnico Nacional, Irapuato, Mexico
| | - Amanda E. Fisher
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, Long Beach, CA, United States
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Effects of Essential Oils and Selected Compounds from Lamiaceae Family as Adjutants on the Treatment of Subjects with Periodontitis and Cardiovascular Risk. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11209563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Essential oils from different plant species were found to contain different compounds exhibiting anti-inflammatory effects with the potential to be a valid alternative to conventional chemotherapy that is limited in long-term use due to its serious side effects. Generally, the first mechanism by which an organism counteracts injurious stimuli is inflammation, which is considered a part of the innate immune system. Periodontitis is an infectious and inflammatory disease caused by a dysbiosis in the subgingival microbiome that triggers an exacerbated immune response of the host. The immune–inflammatory component leads to the destruction of gingival and alveolar bone tissue. The main anti-inflammation strategies negatively modulate the inflammatory pathways and the involvement of inflammatory mediators by interfering with the gene’s expression or on the activity of some enzymes and so affecting the release of proinflammatory cytokines. These effects are a possible target from an effective and safe approach, suing plant-derived anti-inflammatory agents. The aim of the present review is to summarize the current evidence about the effects of essentials oils from derived from plants of the Lamiaceae family as complementary agents for the treatment of subjects with periodontitis and their possible effect on the cardiovascular risk of these patients.
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Chen G, Wang LG, Wang YH. Complete chloroplast genome sequence and phylogenetic analysis of Clerodendrum japonicum (Thunb.) Sweet (Ajugoideae, Lamiaceae). Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2021; 6:2218-2220. [PMID: 34263052 PMCID: PMC8259852 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2021.1944367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Clerodendrum japonicum (Thunb.) Sweet belongs to the genus Clerodendrum in the family Lamiaceae. It is an important medicinal plant with great ornamental and economic value. We sequenced and analyzed the complete chloroplast genome of C. japonicum by Illumina sequencing in this study. The full length of the complete chloroplast genome is 152,215 bp, containing a pair of inverted repeat regions of 25,705 bp (IRa and IRb) separated by a large single-copy region (LSC) of 83,491 bp and a small single-copy region (SSC) of 17,314 bp. The C. japonicum chloroplast genome encodes 131 genes, comprising 85 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNA genes, 8 rRNA genes, and 1 pseudogene. This study will be useful for further study on population, phylogenetic, and molecular genetic studies of this medicinal plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing, Guangdong, China
| | - Li-guo Wang
- Laboratory of Germplasm Resources and Molecular Identification of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying-hua Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing, Guangdong, China
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41
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Gurav TP, Dholakia BB, Giri AP. A glance at the chemodiversity of Ocimum species: Trends, implications, and strategies for the quality and yield improvement of essential oil. PHYTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS : PROCEEDINGS OF THE PHYTOCHEMICAL SOCIETY OF EUROPE 2021; 21:879-913. [PMID: 34366748 PMCID: PMC8326315 DOI: 10.1007/s11101-021-09767-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Ocimum species represent commercially important medicinal and aromatic plants. The essential oil biosynthesized by Ocimum species is enriched with specialized metabolites specifically, terpenoids and phenylpropanoids. Interestingly, various Ocimum species are known to exhibit diverse chemical profiles, and this chemical diversity has been at the center of many studies to identify commercially important chemotypes. Here, we present various chemotypes from the Ocimum species and emphasize trends, implications, and strategies for the quality and yield improvement of essential oil. Globally, many Ocimum species have been analyzed for their essential oil composition in over 50 countries. Asia represents the highest number of chemotypes, followed by Africa, South America, and Europe. Ocimum basilicum L. has been the most widespread and well-studied species, followed by O. gratissimum L., O. tenuiflorum L., O. canum Sims, O. americanum and O. kilimandscharicum Gürke. Moreover, various molecular reasons, benefits, adverse health effects and mechanisms behind this vast chemodiversity have been discussed. Different strategies of plant breeding, metabolic engineering, transgenic, and tissue-culture, along with anatomical modifications, are surveyed to enhance specific chemotypic profiles and essential oil yield in numerous Ocimum species. Consequently, chemical characterization of the essential oil obtained from Ocimum species has become indispensable for its proper utilization. The present chemodiversity knowledge from Ocimum species will help to exploit various applications in the industrial, agriculture, biopharmaceutical, and food sectors. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11101-021-09767-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanuja P. Gurav
- Plant Molecular Biology Unit, Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411008 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002 India
| | | | - Ashok P. Giri
- Plant Molecular Biology Unit, Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411008 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002 India
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Rattray RD, Van Wyk BE. The Botanical, Chemical and Ethnobotanical Diversity of Southern African Lamiaceae. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26123712. [PMID: 34207006 PMCID: PMC8233991 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26123712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The Lamiaceae is undoubtedly an important plant family, having a rich history of use that spans the globe with many species being used in folk medicine and modern industries alike. Their ability to produce aromatic volatile oils has made them valuable sources of materials in the cosmetic, culinary, and pharmaceutical industries. A thorough account of the taxonomic diversity, chemistry and ethnobotany is lacking for southern African Lamiaceae, which feature some of the region’s most notable medicinal and edible plant species. We provide a comprehensive insight into the Lamiaceae flora of southern Africa, comprising 297 species in 42 genera, 105 of which are endemic to the subcontinent. We further explore the medicinal and traditional uses, where all genera with documented uses are covered for the region. A broad review of the chemistry of southern African Lamiaceae is presented, noting that only 101 species (34%) have been investigated chemically (either their volatile oils or phytochemical characterization of secondary metabolites), thus presenting many and varied opportunities for further studies. The main aim of our study was therefore to present an up-to-date account of the botany, chemistry and traditional uses of the family in southern Africa, and to identify obvious knowledge gaps.
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Bornowski N, Hamilton JP, Liao P, Wood JC, Dudareva N, Buell CR. Genome sequencing of four culinary herbs reveals terpenoid genes underlying chemodiversity in the Nepetoideae. DNA Res 2021; 27:5879280. [PMID: 32735328 PMCID: PMC7508350 DOI: 10.1093/dnares/dsaa016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Species within the mint family, Lamiaceae, are widely used for their culinary, cultural, and medicinal properties due to production of a wide variety of specialized metabolites, especially terpenoids. To further our understanding of genome diversity in the Lamiaceae and to provide a resource for mining biochemical pathways, we generated high-quality genome assemblies of four economically important culinary herbs, namely, sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.), sweet marjoram (Origanum majorana L.), oregano (Origanum vulgare L.), and rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.), and characterized their terpenoid diversity through metabolite profiling and genomic analyses. A total 25 monoterpenes and 11 sesquiterpenes were identified in leaf tissue from the 4 species. Genes encoding enzymes responsible for the biosynthesis of precursors for mono- and sesqui-terpene synthases were identified in all four species. Across all 4 species, a total of 235 terpene synthases were identified, ranging from 27 in O. majorana to 137 in the tetraploid O. basilicum. This study provides valuable resources for further investigation of the genetic basis of chemodiversity in these important culinary herbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nolan Bornowski
- Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - John P Hamilton
- Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Pan Liao
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2063, USA
| | - Joshua C Wood
- Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Natalia Dudareva
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2063, USA
| | - C Robin Buell
- Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.,Plant Resilience Institute, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.,MSU AgBioResearch, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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Maheswari P, Kunhikannan C, Yasodha R. Chloroplast genome analysis of Angiosperms and phylogenetic relationships among Lamiaceae members with particular reference to teak (Tectona grandis L.f). J Biosci 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-021-00166-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Winter K, Virgo A, Garcia M, Aranda J, Holtum JAM. Constitutive and facultative crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) in Cuban oregano, Coleus amboinicus (Lamiaceae). FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2021; 48:647-654. [PMID: 32919492 DOI: 10.1071/fp20127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Plants exhibiting the water-conserving crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) photosynthetic pathway provide some of the most intriguing examples of photosynthetic diversity and plasticity. Here, a largely unnoticed facet of CAM-plant photosynthesis is highlighted: the co-occurrence of ontogenetically controlled constitutive and environmentally controlled facultative CAM in a species. Both forms of CAM are displayed in leaves of Coleus amboinicus Lour. (Lamiaceae), a semi-succulent perennial plant with oregano-like flavour that is native to southern and eastern Africa and naturalised elsewhere in the tropics. Under well-watered conditions, leaves assimilate CO2 predominantly by the C3 pathway. They also display low levels of CO2 uptake at night accompanied by small nocturnal increases in leaf tissue acidity. This indicates the presence of weakly expressed constitutive CAM. CAM expression is strongly enhanced in response to drought stress. The drought-enhanced component of CAM is reversible upon rewatering and thus considered to be facultative. In contrast to C. amboinicus, the thin-leaved closely related Coleus scutellarioides (L.) Benth. exhibits net CO2 fixation solely in the light via the C3 pathway, both under well-watered and drought conditions. However, low levels of nocturnal acidification detected in leaves and stems indicate that the CAM cycle is present. The highly speciose mint family, which contains few known CAM-exhibiting species and is composed predominantly of C3 species, appears to be an excellent group of plants for studying the evolutionary origins of CAM and for determining the position of facultative CAM along the C3-full CAM trajectory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Winter
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, PO Box 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancón, Republic of Panama; and Corresponding author.
| | - Aurelio Virgo
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, PO Box 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancón, Republic of Panama
| | - Milton Garcia
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, PO Box 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancón, Republic of Panama
| | - Jorge Aranda
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, PO Box 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancón, Republic of Panama
| | - Joseph A M Holtum
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, PO Box 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancón, Republic of Panama; and College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia
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Heylen OCG, Debortoli N, Marescaux J, Olofsson JK. A Revised Phylogeny of the Mentha spicata Clade Reveals Cryptic Species. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:819. [PMID: 33924227 PMCID: PMC8074783 DOI: 10.3390/plants10040819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The genus Mentha is taxonomically and phylogenetically challenging due to complex genomes, polyploidization and an extensive historical nomenclature, potentially hiding cryptic taxa. A straightforward interpretation of phylogenetic relationships within the section Mentha is further hindered by dominant but outdated concepts on historically identified hybrid taxa. Mentha spicata is traditionally considered to be of hybrid origin, but the evidence for this is weak. Here, we aim to understand the phylogenetic relationships within the section Mentha using large sample sizes and to revisit the hybrid status and identity of M. spicata. We show that two of three traditional species in the subsection Spicatae are polyphyletic, as is the subsection as a whole, while the real number of cryptic species was underestimated. Compared to previous studies we present a fundamentally different phylogeny, with a basal split between M. spicata s.s. and M. longifolia s.s. Cluster analyses of morphological and genotypic data demonstrate that there is a dissociation between morphologically and genotypically defined groups of samples. We did not find any evidence that M. spicata is of hybrid origin, and we conclude its taxonomic status should be revised. The combination of genetic and phenotypic information is essential when evaluating hyperdiverse taxonomic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jill K. Olofsson
- Section for GeoGenetics, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, bygning 7, DK-1353 Copenhagen, Denmark;
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Zhao F, Wu YW, Drew BT, Yao G, Chen YP, Cai J, Liu ED, Li B, Xiang CL. Systematic Placement of the Enigmatic Southeast Asian Genus Paralamium and an Updated Phylogeny of Tribe Pogostemoneae (Lamiaceae Subfamily Lamioideae). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:646133. [PMID: 33936133 PMCID: PMC8085563 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.646133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Paralamium (Lamiaceae) is a monotypic genus within the subfamily Lamioideae and has a sporadic distribution in subtropical mountains of southeast Asia. Although recent studies have greatly improved our understanding of generic relationships within Lamioideae, the second most species-rich subfamily of Lamiaceae, the systematic position of Paralamium within the subfamily remains unclear. In this study, we investigate the phylogenetic placement of the genus using three datasets: (1) a 69,276 bp plastome alignment of Lamiaceae; (2) a five chloroplast DNA region dataset of tribe Pogostemoneae, and (3) a nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer region dataset of Pogostemoneae. These analyses demonstrate that Paralamium is a member of Pogostemoneae and sister to the monotypic genus Craniotome. In addition, generic-level phylogenetic relationships within Pogostemoneae are also discussed, and a dichotomous key for genera within Pogostemoneae is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Yi-Wen Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
| | - Bryan T. Drew
- Department of Biology, University of Nebraska at Kearney, Kearney, NE, United States
| | - Gang Yao
- South China Limestone Plants Center, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ya-Ping Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Jie Cai
- Germplasm Bank of Wild Species in Southwest China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - En-De Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Bo Li
- Research Centre of Ecological Sciences, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Chun-Lei Xiang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
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Wang CY, Luo JH, He HL, Wang Q. The complete chloroplast genome of Callicarpa bodinieri (Lamiales, Lamiaceae), an ornamental and medicinal plant from Chongqing, China. Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2021; 6:1229-1230. [PMID: 33796788 PMCID: PMC7995876 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2021.1875932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants classified to the genus Callicarpa L. have important medicinal and ornamental value. Here, we report and characterize the complete chloroplast (cp) genome of C. bodinieri to provide molecular basis for the further studies on the phylogeny analysis of this genus. The cp genome is 154,183 bp in length and is organized with a typical quadripartite structure, containing two inverted repeats of 25,701 bp separated by a large single-copy region of 84,956 bp and a small single-copy region of 17,825 bp. The cp genome of C. bodinieri contains 112 distinct genes, including 78 protein-coding, 30 tRNAs and 4 rRNAs genes. The phylogenetic analysis showed that C. bodinieri is fully resolved in a clade with C. nudiflora, sister to the clade of C. formosana and C. longifolia var. floccosa.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ji-Hong Luo
- Chongqing City Management College, Chongqing, China
| | - Hui-Liu He
- Chongqing City Management College, Chongqing, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Institute of Resources Botany, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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Sun J, Sun R, Liu H, Chang L, Li S, Zhao M, Shennan C, Lei J, Dong J, Zhong C, Xue L, Gao Y, Wang G, Zhang Y. Complete chloroplast genome sequencing of ten wild Fragaria species in China provides evidence for phylogenetic evolution of Fragaria. Genomics 2021; 113:1170-1179. [PMID: 33705887 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2021.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Complete chloroplast genomes of ten wild Fragaria species native to China were sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis clustered Fragaria species into two clades: The south clade (F. iinumae, F. chinensis, F. pentaphylla, F. nilgerrensis, F. daltoniana, F. corymbosa, F. moupinensis, F. tibetica, F. nipponica, F. gracilis, and F. nubicola and north clade (F. viridis, F. orientalis, F. moschata, F. mandshurica, F. vesca, F. chiloensis, F. virginiana, and F. × ananassa), while F. iinumae is the oldest extant species. Molecular clock analysis suggested present Fragaria species share a common ancestor 3.57 million years ago (Ma), F. moschata and octoploid species evolve 0.89 and 0.97 Ma, respectively, but F. moschata be not directly involved in current octoploid species formation. Drastic global temperature change since the Palaeocene-Eocene, approx. 55 Ma, especially during uplifting of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau and quaternary glaciation may have driven the formation of Fragaria, separation of two groups and polyploidization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Sun
- Beijing Academy of Forestry and Pomology Sciences; Beijing Engineering Research Center for Strawberry; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture, 100093 Beijing, China
| | - Rui Sun
- Beijing Academy of Forestry and Pomology Sciences; Beijing Engineering Research Center for Strawberry; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture, 100093 Beijing, China
| | - Huabo Liu
- Beijing Academy of Forestry and Pomology Sciences; Beijing Engineering Research Center for Strawberry; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture, 100093 Beijing, China
| | - Linlin Chang
- Beijing Academy of Forestry and Pomology Sciences; Beijing Engineering Research Center for Strawberry; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture, 100093 Beijing, China
| | - Shuangtao Li
- Beijing Academy of Forestry and Pomology Sciences; Beijing Engineering Research Center for Strawberry; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture, 100093 Beijing, China
| | - Mizhen Zhao
- Institute of Pomology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 210014 Nanjing, China
| | - Carol Shennan
- Environmental Studies, University of California Santa Cruz, 95064 Santa Cruz, CA, USA.
| | - Jiajun Lei
- Department of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, 110866 Shenyang, China
| | - Jing Dong
- Beijing Academy of Forestry and Pomology Sciences; Beijing Engineering Research Center for Strawberry; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture, 100093 Beijing, China
| | - Chuanfei Zhong
- Beijing Academy of Forestry and Pomology Sciences; Beijing Engineering Research Center for Strawberry; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture, 100093 Beijing, China
| | - Li Xue
- Department of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, 110866 Shenyang, China
| | - Yongshun Gao
- Beijing Academy of Forestry and Pomology Sciences; Beijing Engineering Research Center for Strawberry; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture, 100093 Beijing, China
| | - Guixia Wang
- Beijing Academy of Forestry and Pomology Sciences; Beijing Engineering Research Center for Strawberry; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture, 100093 Beijing, China.
| | - Yuntao Zhang
- Beijing Academy of Forestry and Pomology Sciences; Beijing Engineering Research Center for Strawberry; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture, 100093 Beijing, China.
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In Silico Studies of Lamiaceae Diterpenes with Bioinsecticide Potential against Aphis gossypii and Drosophila melanogaster. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26030766. [PMID: 33540716 PMCID: PMC7867283 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26030766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The growing demand for agricultural products has led to the misuse/overuse of insecticides; resulting in the use of higher concentrations and the need for ever more toxic products. Ecologically, bioinsecticides are considered better and safer than synthetic insecticides; they must be toxic to the target organism, yet with low or no toxicity to non-target organisms. Many plant extracts have seen their high insecticide potential confirmed under laboratory conditions, and in the search for plant compounds with bioinsecticidal activity, the Lamiaceae family has yielded satisfactory results. Objective: The aim of our study was to develop computer-assisted predictions for compounds with known insecticidal activity against Aphis gossypii and Drosophila melanogaster. Results and conclusion: Structure analysis revealed ent-kaurane, kaurene, and clerodane diterpenes as the most active, showing excellent results. We also found that the interactions formed by these compounds were more stable, or presented similar stability to the commercialized insecticides tested. Overall, we concluded that the compounds bistenuifolin L (1836) and bistenuifolin K (1931), were potentially active against A. gossypii enzymes; and salvisplendin C (1086) and salvixalapadiene (1195), are potentially active against D. melanogaster. We observed and highlight that the diterpenes bistenuifolin L (1836), bistenuifolin K (1931), salvisplendin C (1086), and salvixalapadiene (1195), present a high probability of activity and low toxicity against the species studied.
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