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Aljuhani A, Nafie MS, Albujuq NR, Hourani W, Albelwi FF, Darwish KM, Samir Ayed A, Reda Aouad M, Rezki N. Unveiling the anti-cancer potentiality of phthalimide-based Analogues targeting tubulin polymerization in MCF-7 cancerous Cells: Rational design, chemical Synthesis, and Biological-coupled Computational investigation. Bioorg Chem 2024; 153:107827. [PMID: 39321715 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2024] [Revised: 09/12/2024] [Accepted: 09/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
The present study deals with an anti-cancer investigation of an array of phthalimide-1,2,3-triazole molecular conjugates with various sulfonamide fragments against human breast MCF-7 and prostate PC3 cancer cell lines. The targeted 1,2,3-triazole derivatives 4a-l and 6a-c were synthesized from focused phthalimide-based alkyne precursors using a facile click synthesis approach and were thoroughly characterized using several spectroscopic techniques (IR, 1H, 13C NMR, and elemental analysis). The hybrid click adducts 4b, 4 h, and 6c displayed cytotoxic potency (IC50 values of 1.49, 1.07, and 0.56 μM, respectively) against MCF-7 cells. On the contrary, none of the synthesized compounds showed apparent cytotoxic efficacy for PC3 cells (IC50 ranging from 9.87- >100 μM). As a part of the mechanism analysis, compound 6c demonstrated a potent inhibitory effect (78.3 % inhibition) of tubulin polymerization in vitro with an IC50 value of 6.53 µM. In addition, biological assays showed that compound 6c could prompt apoptotic cell death and induce G2/M cell cycle arrest in MCF-7 cells. Accordingly, compound 6c can be further developed as an anti-breast cancer agent through apoptosis-induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ateyatallah Aljuhani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah 41477, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohamed S Nafie
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. 27272, United Arab Emirates (UAE); Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, P.O. 41522, Egypt.
| | - Nader R Albujuq
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan.
| | - Wafa Hourani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Philadelphia University, Amman 19392, Jordan.
| | - Fawzia F Albelwi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah 41477, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Khaled M Darwish
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Galala University, New Galala 43713, Egypt.
| | - Aya Samir Ayed
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, P.O. 41522, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed Reda Aouad
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah 41477, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Nadjet Rezki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah 41477, Saudi Arabia.
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2
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Borrego EA, Guerena CD, Schiaffino Bustamante AY, Gutierrez DA, Valenzuela CA, Betancourt AP, Varela-Ramirez A, Aguilera RJ. A Novel Pyrazole Exhibits Potent Anticancer Cytotoxicity via Apoptosis, Cell Cycle Arrest, and the Inhibition of Tubulin Polymerization in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells. Cells 2024; 13:1225. [PMID: 39056806 PMCID: PMC11274517 DOI: 10.3390/cells13141225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 07/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, we screened a chemical library to find potent anticancer compounds that are less cytotoxic to non-cancerous cells. This study revealed that pyrazole PTA-1 is a potent anticancer compound. Additionally, we sought to elucidate its mechanism of action (MOA) in triple-negative breast cancer cells. Cytotoxicity was analyzed with the differential nuclear staining assay (DNS). Additional secondary assays were performed to determine the MOA of the compound. The potential MOA of PTA-1 was assessed using whole RNA sequencing, Connectivity Map (CMap) analysis, in silico docking, confocal microscopy, and biochemical assays. PTA-1 is cytotoxic at a low micromolar range in 17 human cancer cell lines, demonstrating less cytotoxicity to non-cancerous human cells, indicating a favorable selective cytotoxicity index (SCI) for the killing of cancer cells. PTA-1 induced phosphatidylserine externalization, caspase-3/7 activation, and DNA fragmentation in triple-negative breast MDA-MB-231 cells, indicating that it induces apoptosis. Additionally, PTA-1 arrests cells in the S and G2/M phases. Furthermore, gene expression analysis revealed that PTA-1 altered the expression of 730 genes at 24 h (198 upregulated and 532 downregulated). A comparison of these gene signatures with those within CMap indicated a profile similar to that of tubulin inhibitors. Subsequent studies revealed that PTA-1 disrupts microtubule organization and inhibits tubulin polymerization. Our results suggest that PTA-1 is a potent drug with cytotoxicity to various cancer cells, induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, and inhibits tubulin polymerization, indicating that PTA-1 is an attractive drug for future clinical cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar A. Borrego
- The Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA; (C.D.G.); (A.Y.S.B.); (D.A.G.); (C.A.V.); (A.P.B.); (A.V.-R.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Cristina D. Guerena
- The Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA; (C.D.G.); (A.Y.S.B.); (D.A.G.); (C.A.V.); (A.P.B.); (A.V.-R.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Austre Y. Schiaffino Bustamante
- The Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA; (C.D.G.); (A.Y.S.B.); (D.A.G.); (C.A.V.); (A.P.B.); (A.V.-R.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Denisse A. Gutierrez
- The Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA; (C.D.G.); (A.Y.S.B.); (D.A.G.); (C.A.V.); (A.P.B.); (A.V.-R.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Carlos A. Valenzuela
- The Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA; (C.D.G.); (A.Y.S.B.); (D.A.G.); (C.A.V.); (A.P.B.); (A.V.-R.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Ana P. Betancourt
- The Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA; (C.D.G.); (A.Y.S.B.); (D.A.G.); (C.A.V.); (A.P.B.); (A.V.-R.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Armando Varela-Ramirez
- The Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA; (C.D.G.); (A.Y.S.B.); (D.A.G.); (C.A.V.); (A.P.B.); (A.V.-R.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Renato J. Aguilera
- The Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA; (C.D.G.); (A.Y.S.B.); (D.A.G.); (C.A.V.); (A.P.B.); (A.V.-R.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
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3
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Najafiyan B, Bokaii Hosseini Z, Esmaelian S, Firuzpour F, Rahimipour Anaraki S, Kalantari L, Hheidari A, Mesgari H, Nabi-Afjadi M. Unveiling the potential effects of resveratrol in lung cancer treatment: Mechanisms and nanoparticle-based drug delivery strategies. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 172:116207. [PMID: 38295754 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer ranks among the most prevalent forms of cancer and remains a significant factor in cancer-related mortality across the world. It poses significant challenges to healthcare systems and society as a whole due to its high incidence, mortality rates, and late-stage diagnosis. Resveratrol (RV), a natural compound found in various plants, has shown potential as a nanomedicine for lung cancer treatment. RV has varied effects on cancer cells, including promoting apoptosis by increasing pro-apoptotic proteins (Bax and Bak) and decreasing anti-apoptotic proteins (Bcl-2). It also hinders cell proliferation by influencing important signaling pathways (MAPK, mTOR, PI3K/Akt, and Wnt/β-catenin) that govern cancer progression. In addition, RV acts as a potent antioxidant, diminishing oxidative stress and safeguarding cells against DNA damage. However, using RV alone in cancer treatment has drawbacks, such as low bioavailability, lack of targeting ability, and susceptibility to degradation. In contrast, nanoparticle-based delivery systems address these limitations and hold promise for improving treatment outcomes in lung cancer; nanoparticle formulations of RV offer advantages such as improved drug delivery, increased stability, controlled release, and targeted delivery to lung cancer cells. This article will provide an overview of lung cancer, explore the potential of RV as a therapeutic agent, discuss the benefits and challenges of nanoparticle-based drug delivery, and highlight the promise of RV nanoparticles for cancer treatment, including lung cancer. By optimizing these systems for clinical application, future studies aim to enhance overall treatment outcomes and improve the prognosis for lung cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnam Najafiyan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Samar Esmaelian
- Faculty of Dentistry, Islamic Azad University, Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faezeh Firuzpour
- Student of Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | | | - Leila Kalantari
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Ali Hheidari
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Mesgari
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Islamic Azad University, Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohsen Nabi-Afjadi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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4
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Naicker D, Rhoda C, Sunda F, Arowolo A. Unravelling the Intricate Roles of FAM111A and FAM111B: From Protease-Mediated Cellular Processes to Disease Implications. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2845. [PMID: 38474092 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Proteases are critical enzymes in cellular processes which regulate intricate events like cellular proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. This review highlights the multifaceted roles of the serine proteases FAM111A and FAM111B, exploring their impact on cellular functions and diseases. FAM111A is implicated in DNA replication and replication fork protection, thereby maintaining genome integrity. Additionally, FAM111A functions as an antiviral factor against DNA and RNA viruses. Apart from being involved in DNA repair, FAM111B, a paralog of FAM111A, participates in cell cycle regulation and apoptosis. It influences the apoptotic pathway by upregulating anti-apoptotic proteins and modulating cell cycle-related proteins. Furthermore, FAM111B's association with nucleoporins suggests its involvement in nucleo-cytoplasmic trafficking and plays a role in maintaining normal telomere length. FAM111A and FAM111B also exhibit some interconnectedness and functional similarity despite their distinct roles in cellular processes and associated diseases resulting from their dysfunction. FAM111A and FAM111B dysregulation are linked to genetic disorders: Kenny-Caffey Syndrome type 2 and Gracile Bone Dysplasia for FAM111A and POIKTMP, respectively, and cancers. Therefore, the dysregulation of these proteases in diseases emphasizes their potential as diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets. Future research is essential to unravel the intricate mechanisms governing FAM111A and FAM111B and explore their therapeutic implications comprehensively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Naicker
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Cenza Rhoda
- Hair and Skin Research Unit, Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Falone Sunda
- Hair and Skin Research Unit, Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Afolake Arowolo
- Hair and Skin Research Unit, Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town 7500, South Africa
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5
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Samir B, El-Kamel A, Zahran N, Heikal L. Resveratrol-loaded invasome gel: A promising nanoformulation for treatment of skin cancer. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2024:10.1007/s13346-024-01534-9. [PMID: 38361173 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-024-01534-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Skin cancer is a widespread type of cancer representing 30% of all cancer types worldwide. Resveratrol (RSV) is an anticancer drug used for skin cancer treatment. Several limitations of RSV such as poor aqueous solubility, first-pass metabolism, and instability limit their topical use. The study aimed to develop and optimize RSV-loaded invasomes for topical administration as well as assess their efficacy in vivo. The optimized RSV-loaded invasomes showed small particle size (208.7 ± 74 nm), PDI (0.3 ± 0.03), high % entrapment efficiency (77.7 ± 6%), and negative zeta potential (-70.4 ± 10.9 mV). They showed an initial burst effect followed by controlled drug release for 24 h. RSV-loaded invasomal gel revealed the highest skin deposition percentage (65%) in ex vivo rat skin, the highest potency (low IC50 of 6.34 μg/mL), and the highest cellular uptake when tested on squamous cancerous cells (SCCs) when compared to other formulations. The antitumor effect of topical RSV-loaded invasomes was also evaluated in vivo in Ehrlich-induced mice models. The results revealed that RSV-loaded invasomal gel exhibited the smallest tumor volume with no signs of organ toxicity indicating its safety in skin cancer treatment. Upregulation of BAX and Caspase-3 gene levels and downregulation of NF-kB and BCL2 protein levels were demonstrated using RT-PCR and ELISA tests, respectively. Interestingly, the present study is the first to develop RSV-loaded invasomal gel for topical skin cancer treatment. According to our results, invasomes are considered promising lipid-based nanosystems for topical RSV delivery having high skin penetration ability and anticancer effect in the treatment of skin carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bassant Samir
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, 1 Khartoum Square, Azarita, P.O. Box 21521, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Amal El-Kamel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, 1 Khartoum Square, Azarita, P.O. Box 21521, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Noha Zahran
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Lamia Heikal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, 1 Khartoum Square, Azarita, P.O. Box 21521, Alexandria, Egypt.
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6
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Kumari N, Das K, Sharma S, Dahal S, Desai SS, Roy U, Sharma A, Manjunath M, Gopalakrishnan V, Retheesh ST, Javadekar SM, Choudhary B, Raghavan SC. Evaluation of potential role of R-loop and G-quadruplex DNA in the fragility of c-MYC during chromosomal translocation associated with Burkitt's lymphoma. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105431. [PMID: 37926284 PMCID: PMC10704377 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
t(8;14) translocation is the hallmark of Burkitt's lymphoma and results in c-MYC deregulation. During the translocation, c-MYC gene on chromosome 8 gets juxtaposed to the Ig switch regions on chromosome 14. Although the promoter of c-MYC has been investigated for its mechanism of fragility, little is known about other c-MYC breakpoint regions. We have analyzed the translocation break points at the exon 1/intron 1 of c-MYC locus from patients with Burkitt's lymphoma. Results showed that the breakpoint region, when present on a plasmid, could fold into an R-loop confirmation in a transcription-dependent manner. Sodium bisulfite modification assay revealed significant single-strandedness on chromosomal DNA of Burkitt's lymphoma cell line, Raji, and normal lymphocytes, revealing distinct R-loops covering up to 100 bp region. Besides, ChIP-DRIP analysis reveals that the R-loop antibody can bind to the breakpoint region. Further, we show the formation of stable parallel intramolecular G-quadruplex on non-template strand of the genome. Finally, incubation of purified AID in vitro or overexpression of AID within the cells led to enhanced mutation frequency at the c-MYC breakpoint region. Interestingly, anti-γH2AX can bind to DSBs generated at the c-MYC breakpoint region within the cells. The formation of R-loop and G-quadruplex was found to be mutually exclusive. Therefore, our results suggest that AID can bind to the single-stranded region of the R-loop and G4 DNA, leading to the deamination of cytosines to uracil and induction of DNA breaks in one of the DNA strands, leading to double-strand break, which could culminate in t(8;14) chromosomal translocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitu Kumari
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Kohal Das
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Shivangi Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India; Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology, Bangalore, India
| | - Sumedha Dahal
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | | | - Urbi Roy
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Anju Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Meghana Manjunath
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology, Bangalore, India
| | - Vidya Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India; Department of Zoology, St Joseph's College, Irinjalakuda, Kerala, India
| | - S T Retheesh
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Saniya M Javadekar
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Bibha Choudhary
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology, Bangalore, India
| | - Sathees C Raghavan
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India.
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7
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Vargas-Villanueva JR, Gutiérrez-Gutiérrez F, Garza-Ontiveros M, Nery-Flores SD, Campos-Múzquiz LG, Vazquez-Obregón D, Rodriguez-Herrera R, Palomo-Ligas L. Tubulin as a potential molecular target for resveratrol in Giardia lamblia trophozoites, in vitro and in silico approaches. Acta Trop 2023; 248:107026. [PMID: 37722447 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2023.107026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Giardia lamblia is a globally distributed protozoan parasite that causes intestinal disease. Recently, there is an increase in refractory cases of giardiasis to chemotherapeutic agents, and drugs available cause side effects that may limit its use or cause therapeutic non-compliance. Therefore, search for alternative and less harmful drugs to treat giardiasis is an important task. In this sense, resveratrol (RSV) is a polyphenol with a wide range of pharmacological effects such as antimicrobial, anticarcinogenic and antioxidant. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of RSV on Giardia lamblia trophozoites in vitro and in silico, focusing on tubulin affectation, a major protein of the Giardia cytoskeleton which participates in relevant processes for cell survival. In vitro determinations showed that RSV inhibits parasite growth and adherence, causes morphological changes, and induces apoptosis-like cell death through tubulin alterations demonstrated by immunolocalization and Western blot assays. Bioinformatic analysis by molecular docking suggested that RSV binds to Giardia tubulin interface heterodimer, sharing binding residues to those reported with depolymerization inhibitors. These findings suggest that RSV affects microtubular dynamics and make it an interesting compound to study for its safety and antigiardiasic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Filiberto Gutiérrez-Gutiérrez
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, 44430, Mexico; División de Salud, Centro Universitario de Tlajomulco, Universidad de Guadalajara, Tlajomulco de Zúñiga, Jalisco, 45641, Mexico
| | - Mariana Garza-Ontiveros
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Universidad Autonoma de Coahuila. Unidad Saltillo. Saltillo, Coahuila, 25280, Mexico
| | - Sendar Daniel Nery-Flores
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Universidad Autonoma de Coahuila. Unidad Saltillo. Saltillo, Coahuila, 25280, Mexico
| | | | - Dagoberto Vazquez-Obregón
- Tecnológico Nacional de México/ Instituto tecnológico de Saltillo. Departamento de Metal Mecánica. Saltillo, Coahuila 25280, Mexico
| | - Raul Rodriguez-Herrera
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Universidad Autonoma de Coahuila. Unidad Saltillo. Saltillo, Coahuila, 25280, Mexico
| | - Lissethe Palomo-Ligas
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Universidad Autonoma de Coahuila. Unidad Saltillo. Saltillo, Coahuila, 25280, Mexico.
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8
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Prabhu D, Ray U, Rajeev A, Joy R, George AT, George J, Raghavan SC, John F. Design and Synthesis of Ketenimine Sulfonamide Conjugates through Multicomponent Reactions; A Combined Cytotoxic Analysis and Computational Exploration. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:38619-38631. [PMID: 37867708 PMCID: PMC10586297 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c05816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Multicomponent reactions involving zwitterion generated from dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate, aryl sulfonamide, and isocyanide to generate sulfonamide-conjugated ketenimines is reported. The synthetic strategy adopted is highly atom economical and stereoselective. Ketenimine sulfonamide analogues are key intermediates for further synthetic conversions to generate a combinatorial library of compounds. Furthermore, sulfonamide compounds are known to possess a broad spectrum of biological applications. All the novel molecules synthesized exhibit the potential to target the nonhomologous DNA end-joining (NHEJ) pathway with cytotoxic ability. Computational studies compliment the in vitro biological assays of the 8 small-molecule inhibitors. DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are considered as the most lethal among different DNA damages. NHEJ repairs about 70% of the DSBs generated in cells within mammals. The DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit is one of the PI3 kinases associated with NHEJ. Compounds DK01-DK08 were investigated for their ability to induce cancer cell death by treating with two leukemic cell lines where NHEJ is high. Results showed that bromoaryl (DK04)- and nitroaryl (DK05)-conjugated molecules showed excellent biological activity, having IC50 values of ∼2 μM in Nalm6 cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak
J. Prabhu
- Post
Graduate Research Department of Chemistry, Maharajas College, Ernakulam, Ernakulam, Kerala 682011, India
| | - Ujjayinee Ray
- Department
of Microbiology, Techno India University,
Kolkata, West Bengal 700091, India
| | - Anjaly Rajeev
- Post
Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, Sacred Heart college (M.G University), Thevara, Kerala 682013, India
| | - Reshma Joy
- Post
Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, Sacred Heart college (M.G University), Thevara, Kerala 682013, India
| | - Abi Thoppilan George
- Post
Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, Sacred Heart college (M.G University), Thevara, Kerala 682013, India
| | - Jinu George
- Post
Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, Sacred Heart college (M.G University), Thevara, Kerala 682013, India
| | - Sathees C. Raghavan
- Department
of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560012, India
| | - Franklin John
- Post
Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, Sacred Heart college (M.G University), Thevara, Kerala 682013, India
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9
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Thankan RS, Thomas E, Purushottamachar P, Weber DJ, Njar VCO. Salinization Dramatically Enhance the Anti-Prostate Cancer Efficacies of AR/AR-V7 and Mnk1/2 Molecular Glue Degraders, Galeterone and VNPP433-3β Which Outperform Docetaxel and Enzalutamide in CRPC CWR22Rv1 Xenograft Mouse Model. Bioorg Chem 2023; 139:106700. [PMID: 37392559 PMCID: PMC10528634 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
Galeterone, 3β-(hydroxy)-17-(1H-benzimidazole-1-yl)androsta-5,16-diene (Gal, 1) and VNPP433-3β, 3β-(1H-imidazole-1-yl-17-(1H-benzimidazole-1-yl)androsta-5,16-diene (2) are potent molecular glue degrader modulators of AR/AR-V7 and Mnk1/2-eIF4E signaling pathways, and are promising Phase 3 and Phase 1 drug candidates, respectively. Because appropriate salts can be utilized to create new chemical entities with enhanced aqueous solubility, in vivo pharmacokinetics, and enhanced in vitro and in vivo efficacies, the monohydrochloride salt of Gal (3) and the mono- and di-hydrochlorides salts of compound 2, compounds 4 and 5, respectively, were synthesized. The salts were characterized using 1H NMR, 13C NMR and HRMS analyses. Compound 3 displayed enhanced in vitro antiproliferative activity (7.4-fold) against three prostate cancer cell lines but surprisingly decreased plasma exposure in the pharmacokinetics study. The antiproliferative activities of the compound 2 salts (4 and 5) were equivalent to that of compound 2, but their oral pharmacokinetic profiles were significantly enhanced. Finally, and most importantly, oral administration of the parent compounds (1 and 2) and their corresponding salts (3, 4 and 5) caused dose-dependent potent inhibition/regression of aggressive and difficult-to-treat CWR22Rv1 tumor xenografts growth, with no apparent host toxicities and were highly more efficacious than the blockbuster FDA-approved prostate cancer drugs, Enzalutamide (Xtandi) and Docetaxel (Taxotere). Thus, the HCl salts of Gal (3) and VNPP433-3β (4 and 5) are excellent orally bioavailable candidates for clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Retheesh S Thankan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; The Center for Biomolecular Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Isoprene Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 801 West Baltimore Street, Suite 502J, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
| | - Elizabeth Thomas
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; The Center for Biomolecular Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
| | - Puranik Purushottamachar
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; The Center for Biomolecular Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Isoprene Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 801 West Baltimore Street, Suite 502J, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
| | - David J Weber
- The Center for Biomolecular Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Isoprene Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 801 West Baltimore Street, Suite 502J, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
| | - Vincent C O Njar
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; The Center for Biomolecular Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Isoprene Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 801 West Baltimore Street, Suite 502J, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
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10
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Thankan RS, Thomas E, Purushottamachar P, Weber DJ, Ramamurthy VP, Huang W, Kane MA, Njar VCO. VNLG-152R and its deuterated analogs potently inhibit/repress triple/quadruple negative breast cancer of diverse racial origins in vitro and in vivo by upregulating E3 Ligase Synoviolin 1 (SYVN1) and inducing proteasomal degradation of MNK1/2. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1240996. [PMID: 37766871 PMCID: PMC10520556 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1240996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and its recently identified subtype, quadruple negative breast cancer (QNBC), collectively account for approximately 13% of reported breast cancer cases in the United States. These aggressive forms of breast cancer are associated with poor prognoses, limited treatment options, and lower overall survival rates. In previous studies, our research demonstrated that VNLG-152R exhibits inhibitory effects on TNBC cells both in vitro and in vivo and the deuterated analogs were more potent inhibitors of TNBC cells in vitro. Building upon these findings, our current study delves into the molecular mechanisms underlying this inhibitory action. Through transcriptome and proteome analyses, we discovered that VNLG-152R upregulates the expression of E3 ligase Synoviolin 1 (SYVN1), also called 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl reductase degradation (HRD1) in TNBC cells. Moreover, we provide genetic and pharmacological evidence to demonstrate that SYVN1 mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of MNK1/2, the only known kinases responsible for phosphorylating eIF4E. Phosphorylation of eIF4E being a rate-limiting step in the formation of the eIF4F translation initiation complex, the degradation of MNK1/2 by VNLG-152R and its analogs impedes dysregulated translation in TNBC cells, resulting in the inhibition of tumor growth. Importantly, our findings were validated in vivo using TNBC xenograft models derived from MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468, and MDA-MB-453 cell lines, representing different racial origins and genetic backgrounds. These xenograft models, which encompass TNBCs with varying androgen receptor (AR) expression levels, were effectively inhibited by oral administration of VNLG-152R and its deuterated analogs in NRG mice. Importantly, in direct comparison, our compounds are more effective than enzalutamide and docetaxel in achieving tumor growth inhibition/repression in the AR+ MDA-MD-453 xenograft model in mice. Collectively, our study sheds light on the involvement of SYVN1 E3 ligase in the VNLG-152R-induced degradation of MNK1/2 and the therapeutic potential of VNLG-152R and its more potent deuterated analogs as promising agents for the treatment of TNBC across diverse patient populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Retheesh S. Thankan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- The Center for Biomolecular Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Isoprene Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Elizabeth Thomas
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- The Center for Biomolecular Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Puranik Purushottamachar
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- The Center for Biomolecular Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - David J. Weber
- The Center for Biomolecular Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | | | - Weiliang Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Maureen A. Kane
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Vincent C. O. Njar
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- The Center for Biomolecular Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Isoprene Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Baltimore, MD, United States
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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11
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Ahn S, Kwon A, Oh Y, Rhee S, Song WK. Microtubule Acetylation-Specific Inhibitors Induce Cell Death and Mitotic Arrest via JNK/AP-1 Activation in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells. Mol Cells 2023; 46:387-398. [PMID: 36794420 PMCID: PMC10258459 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2023.2192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Microtubule acetylation has been proposed as a marker of highly heterogeneous and aggressive triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). The novel microtubule acetylation inhibitors GM-90257 and GM-90631 (GM compounds) cause TNBC cancer cell death but the underlying mechanisms are currently unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that GM compounds function as anti-TNBC agents through activation of the JNK/AP-1 pathway. RNA-seq and biochemical analyses of GM compound-treated cells revealed that c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and members of its downstream signaling pathway are potential targets for GM compounds. Mechanistically, JNK activation by GM compounds induced an increase in c-Jun phosphorylation and c-Fos protein levels, thereby activating the activator protein-1 (AP-1) transcription factor. Notably, direct suppression of JNK with a pharmacological inhibitor alleviated Bcl2 reduction and cell death caused by GM compounds. TNBC cell death and mitotic arrest were induced by GM compounds through AP-1 activation in vitro. These results were reproduced in vivo, validating the significance of microtubule acetylation/JNK/AP-1 axis activation in the anti-cancer activity of GM compounds. Moreover, GM compounds significantly attenuated tumor growth, metastasis, and cancer-related death in mice, demonstrating strong potential as therapeutic agents for TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyeon Ahn
- Cell Logistics Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - Ahreum Kwon
- Cell Logistics Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - Youngsoo Oh
- Cell Logistics Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - Sangmyung Rhee
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Woo Keun Song
- Cell Logistics Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea
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12
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Amărandi RM, Al-Matarneh MC, Popovici L, Ciobanu CI, Neamțu A, Mangalagiu II, Danac R. Exploring Pyrrolo-Fused Heterocycles as Promising Anticancer Agents: An Integrated Synthetic, Biological, and Computational Approach. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:865. [PMID: 37375812 DOI: 10.3390/ph16060865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Five new series of pyrrolo-fused heterocycles were designed through a scaffold hybridization strategy as analogs of the well-known microtubule inhibitor phenstatin. Compounds were synthesized using the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of cycloimmonium N-ylides to ethyl propiolate as a key step. Selected compounds were then evaluated for anticancer activity and ability to inhibit tubulin polymerization in vitro. Notably, pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoline 10a was active on most tested cell lines, performing better than control phenstatin in several cases, most notably on renal cancer cell line A498 (GI50 27 nM), while inhibiting tubulin polymerization in vitro. In addition, this compound was predicted to have a promising ADMET profile. The molecular details of the interaction between compound 10a and tubulin were investigated through in silico docking experiments, followed by molecular dynamics simulations and configurational entropy calculations. Of note, we found that some of the initially predicted interactions from docking experiments were not stable during molecular dynamics simulations, but that configurational entropy loss was similar in all three cases. Our results suggest that for compound 10a, docking experiments alone are not sufficient for the adequate description of interaction details in terms of target binding, which makes subsequent scaffold optimization more difficult and ultimately hinders drug design. Taken together, these results could help shape novel potent antiproliferative compounds with pyrrolo-fused heterocyclic cores, especially from an in silico methodological perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxana-Maria Amărandi
- TRANSCEND Research Center, Regional Institute of Oncology Iasi, 2-4 General Henri Mathias Berthelot Street, 700483 Iasi, Romania
| | - Maria-Cristina Al-Matarneh
- "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of Romanian Academy, 41A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania
- Faculty of Chemistry, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, 11 Carol I, 700506 Iasi, Romania
| | - Lăcrămioara Popovici
- Faculty of Chemistry, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, 11 Carol I, 700506 Iasi, Romania
| | - Catalina Ionica Ciobanu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Research-CERNESIM Centre, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, 11 Carol I, 700506 Iasi, Romania
| | - Andrei Neamțu
- TRANSCEND Research Center, Regional Institute of Oncology Iasi, 2-4 General Henri Mathias Berthelot Street, 700483 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ionel I Mangalagiu
- Faculty of Chemistry, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, 11 Carol I, 700506 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ramona Danac
- Faculty of Chemistry, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, 11 Carol I, 700506 Iasi, Romania
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13
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Abdul Hussein SA, Razzak Mahmood AA, Tahtamouni LH, Balakit AA, Yaseen YS, Al-Hasani RA. New Combretastatin Analogs as Anticancer Agents: Design, Synthesis, Microtubules Polymerization Inhibition, and Molecular Docking Studies. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202201206. [PMID: 36890635 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202201206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
A new series of 4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol derivatives were synthesized as analogs for the anticancer drug combretastatin A-4 (CA-4) and characterized using FT-IR, 1 H-NMR, 13 CNMR, and HR-MS techniques. The new CA-4 analogs were designed to meet the structural requirements of the highest expected anticancer activity of CA-4 analogs by maintaining ring A 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl moiety, and at the same time varying the substituents effect of the triazole moiety (ring B). In silico analysis indicated that compound 3 has higher total energy and dipole moment than colchicine and the other analogs, and it has excellent distribution of electron density and is more stable, resulting in an increased binding affinity during tubulin inhibition. Additionally, compound 3 was found to interact with three apoptotic markers, namely p53, Bcl-2, and caspase 3. Compound 3 showed strong similarity to colchicine, and it has excellent pharmacokinetics properties and a good dynamic profile. The in vitro anti-proliferation studies showed that compound 3 is the most cytotoxic CA-4 analog against cancer cells (IC50 of 6.35 μM against Hep G2 hepatocarcinoma cells), and based on its selectivity index (4.7), compound 3 is a cancer cytotoxic-selective agent. As expected and similar to colchicine, compound 3-treated Hep G2 hepatocarcinoma cells were arrested at the G2/M phase resulting in induction of apoptosis. Compound 3 tubulin polymerization IC50 (9.50 μM) and effect on Vmax of tubulin polymerization was comparable to that of colchicine (5.49 μM). Taken together, the findings of the current study suggest that compound 3, through its binding to the colchicine-binding site at β-tubulin, is a promising microtubule-disrupting agent with excellent potential to be used as cancer therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaker A Abdul Hussein
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Babylon, 51001, Babylon, Iraq
| | - Ammar A Razzak Mahmood
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Baghdad, 10001, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Lubna H Tahtamouni
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, The Hashemite University, 13133, Zarqa, Jordan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, 80523 Colorado, USA
| | - Asim A Balakit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Babylon, 51001, Babylon, Iraq
| | - Yahya S Yaseen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Tikrit, 34001, Tikrit, Iraq
| | - Rehab A Al-Hasani
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Al-Mustansiriyah University, 10052, Baghdad, Iraq
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14
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Targeted Degradation of Androgen Receptor by VNPP433-3β in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Cells Implicates Interaction with E3 Ligase MDM2 Resulting in Ubiquitin-Proteasomal Degradation. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041198. [PMID: 36831540 PMCID: PMC9954018 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeted protein degradation is a fast-evolving therapeutic strategy to target even the traditionally undruggable target proteins. Contrary to the traditional small-molecule inhibitors of enzyme or receptor antagonists that bind the active site pockets in the target protein, molecular glue degraders facilitate interaction of target proteins with E3 ubiquitin ligases by stabilizing the ternary complex and induce physical proximity, thereby triggering ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation. AR plays a key role in all stages of prostate cancer. It is activated by the binding of androgenic hormones and transcriptionally regulates multiple genes including the ones that regulate cell cycle. Using HiBiT CRISPR cell line, biochemical methods, and RNA sequencing, we report the potential role of VNPP433-3β, the next generation galeterone analog as molecular glue that brings together AR, the key driver of prostate cancer and MDM2, an E3 ubiquitin ligase leading to ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of f-AR and AR-V7 in prostate cancer cells.
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15
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Mahmoud AF, Aboumanei MH, Abd-Allah WH, Swidan MM, Sakr TM. New frontier radioiodinated probe based on in silico resveratrol repositioning for microtubules dynamic targeting. Int J Radiat Biol 2023; 99:281-291. [PMID: 35549606 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2022.2078001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE As the 'de novo' drug discovery faces a highly attrition rates, drug repositioning procures a heighten concern in identifying novel uses for existing medications. This study aimed to fabricate radioiodinated resveratrol as a potent microtubules interfering agent for cancer theragnosis. METHODS Resveratrol was radiolabeled with radioactive iodine where the radioiodination efficiency was enlightened and the computational approaches were employed to investigate the affinity and specificity with tubulins. Furthermore, the in-vivo distribution and pharmacokinetic studies in normal and tumor induced mice were investigated. RESULTS The maximum radioiodination yield (94.6 ± 1.66) was achieved at optimum preparation parameters stated as 100 μg/mL of oxidizing agent, 100 μg/ml of resveratrol, reaction time of 30 min and reaction pH 5. The in silico studies showed that di-iodinated resveratrol (compound 6) exhibited the best binding score (-34.46) and interaction with the β-tubulin binding site. The in vivo distribution in tumor models revealed a significant accumulation (4.02% ID/g) in tumor lesion at 60 min p.i. The rate of drug elimination demonstrated a mono-exponential decline of radioactivity versus time in the blood. CONCLUSION Radioiodinated resveratrol revealed good microtubules targeting which render it as a novel theranostic probe for cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashgan F Mahmoud
- Labeled Compounds Department, Hot Labs Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed H Aboumanei
- Labeled Compounds Department, Hot Labs Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Walaa Hamada Abd-Allah
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmaceutical Science and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Swidan
- Labeled Compounds Department, Hot Labs Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt.,Radioisotopes Production Facility, Second Egyptian Research Reactor Complex, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Tamer M Sakr
- Radioisotopes Production Facility, Second Egyptian Research Reactor Complex, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt.,Radioactive Isotopes and Generator Department, Hot Labs Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
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16
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Aslam M, Augustine S, Ann Mathew A, Kanthlal SK, Panonummal R. Apoptosis promoting activity of selected plant steroid in MRMT-1 breast cancer cell line by modulating mitochondrial permeation pathway. Steroids 2023; 190:109151. [PMID: 36455654 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2022.109151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Escape from apoptosis is one of the main demeanor characteristics of cancer cells. Mitochondria are key players in initiating and regulating the intrinsic apoptosis pathway. Hexokinase2 (HK2) is ubiquitously expressed in several cancer cells and is essential for cell survival and death. The binding of HK2 to mitochondria promotes cell proliferation, while AKT-1 mediated pathway is crucial in this process. Peimine, a steroidal alkaloid derived from plant steroids, is screened for docking properties, ADMET properties, and drug-likeness. Apoptosis targets are predicted by network pharmacology using 47 genes associated with apoptosis. According to in silico study, peimine has the potential for dual Targeting on HK2 and AKT1. For further confirmation, peimine was subjected to Cell culture studies using MRMT-1 rat breast cancer cells. The elevated levels of cytochrome c and Caspase 9 activity indicate that the intrinsic apoptosis pathway causes cell death. The decreased glucose uptake by the MRMT-1 cells indicates that pimine inhibits glucose transport by inhibiting the membrane HK2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammed Aslam
- Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Institute of Medical & Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi 682041, India
| | - Sanu Augustine
- Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Institute of Medical & Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi 682041, India
| | - Aparna Ann Mathew
- Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Institute of Medical & Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi 682041, India
| | - S K Kanthlal
- Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Institute of Medical & Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi 682041, India.
| | - Rajitha Panonummal
- Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Institute of Medical & Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi 682041, India.
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17
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Rawal R, Gupta PK, Kumar B, Bhatia R. Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Dihydropyrimidinone Derivatives as Potential Anticancer Agents and Tubulin Polymerization Inhibitors. Assay Drug Dev Technol 2023; 21:17-28. [PMID: 36594970 DOI: 10.1089/adt.2022.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The severity and prevalence of cancer in modern time are a huge global health burden. Continuous efforts are being made toward the development of newer therapeutic candidates to treat and manage this ailment. The dihydropyrimidinone scaffold is one of the key nuclei that have been highly explored and investigated against cancer. It has the potential to combat the consequences of cancer by interacting with several biological targets. Tubulin polymerization inhibition is one such strategy to prevent the progression of cancer. In the presented work, we have synthesized a series of sixteen dihydropyrimidinone derivatives by following a rational drug design. The synthesized compounds have been characterized by 1H NMR and 13C NMR and were further evaluated for cytotoxic activity against breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231), lung cancer cell lines (A549), and colon cancer cell lines (HCT-116). Compounds 5D and 5P were found most potent and revealed a better cytotoxic activity compared with the standard drug colchicine. Furthermore, the tubulin polymerization inhibition assay revealed that compound 5D showed better inhibition than colchicines, whereas compound 5P revealed an almost equal inhibition to that of colchicine. Furthermore, to investigate the possible mode of action and binding patterns, compounds 5P and 5D were subjected to molecular docking against tubulin (Protein Data Bank ID: ISA0). The results showed that compounds revealed significant interactions and were well occupied inside the cavity of tubulin. The compounds 5D and 5P may serve as new leads in drug development against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramkaran Rawal
- Natural Product Chemistry Group, Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat, Assam, India
| | - Praveen K Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Haryana, India
| | - Bhupinder Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, HNB Garhwal University, Srinagar, Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Rohit Bhatia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
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18
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Rhoda C, Sunda F, Kidzeru E, Khumalo NP, Arowolo A. FAM111B dysregulation promotes malignancy in fibrosarcoma and POIKTMP and a low-cost method for its mutation screening. Cancer Treat Res Commun 2023; 34:100679. [PMID: 36610347 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2022.100679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mutations in the uncharacterised human FAM111B gene are associated with POIKTMP, a rare multi-organ fibrosing disease. Recent studies also reported the overexpression of FAM111B in specific cancers. Moreover, FAM111B mutation screening may prove expensive in under-resourced facilities. Therefore, this study investigated its cellular function and dysfunction and described an inexpensive mutation screening method. MATERIALS AND METHODS FAM111B expression was assessed in silico and validated in vitro in cell lines and primary skin fibroblasts from a South African POIKTMP-patient with the heterozygous FAM111B gene mutation: NM_198947.4: c.1861T>G (p. Tyr621Asp or Y621D) by qPCR and western blot. The cellular function of FAM111B was studied in HT1080 using various cell-based functional assays, and the Y621D mutation was genotyped by PCR-RFLP. RESULTS Expression studies showed upregulated FAM111B mRNA and protein in the cancer cells. High FAM111B expression with robust nuclear localization occurred in HT1080. Additionally, expression data and cell-based assays indicated that FAM111B led to the upregulation of cell migration, decreased cell apoptosis, and modulatory effects on cell proliferation. Y621D mutation showed similar effects on cell migration but minimal impact on cell apoptosis. FAM111B mRNA and protein expression were markedly downregulated (p ≤ 0.05) in the POIKTMP-patient's fibroblasts. The PCR-RFLP method successfully genotyped Y621D gene mutation. DISCUSSION FAM111B is a cancer-associated nuclear protein: Its modulation by mutations or overexpression may contribute to the malignancy of cancers and POIKTMP/fibrosis and poor clinical outcomes and represents a viable prognostic marker or therapeutic target. Furthermore, the PCR-RFLP method could prove a valuable tool for FAM111B mutation validation or screening in resource-constrained laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cenza Rhoda
- Hair and Skin Research Laboratory, Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Falone Sunda
- Hair and Skin Research Laboratory, Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Elvis Kidzeru
- Hair and Skin Research Laboratory, Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Nonhlanhla P Khumalo
- Hair and Skin Research Laboratory, Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Afolake Arowolo
- Hair and Skin Research Laboratory, Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
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19
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Mishra A, Pathak Y, Mishra SK, Prakash H, Tripathi V. Natural compounds as a potential modifier of stem cells renewal: Comparative analysis. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 938:175412. [PMID: 36427534 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are indispensable for development, progression, drug resistance, and tumor metastasis. Current cancer-directed interventions target targeting rapidly dividing cancer cells and slow dividing CSCs, which are the root cause of cancer origin and recurrence. The most promising targets include several self-renewal pathways involved in the maintenance and renewal of CSCs, such as the Wnt/β-Catenin, Sonic Hedgehog, Notch, Hippo, Autophagy, and Ferroptosis. In view of safety, natural compounds are coming to the front line of treatment modalities for modifying various signaling pathways simultaneously involved in maintaining CSCs. Therefore, targeting CSCs with natural compounds is a promising approach to treating various types of cancers. In view of this, here we provide a comprehensive update on the current status of natural compounds that effectively tune key self-renewal pathways of CSCs. In addition, we highlighted surface expression markers in several types of cancer. We also emphasize how natural compounds target these self-renewal pathways to reduce therapy resistance and cancer recurrence properties of CSCs, hence providing valuable cancer therapeutic strategies. The inclusion of nutraceuticals is believed to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of current cancer-directed interventions significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaresh Mishra
- School of Biotechnology, Gautam Buddha University, Greater Noida, 201310, India
| | - Yamini Pathak
- School of Biotechnology, Gautam Buddha University, Greater Noida, 201310, India
| | | | - Hridayesh Prakash
- Amity Institute of Virology and Immunology, Amity University, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vishwas Tripathi
- School of Biotechnology, Gautam Buddha University, Greater Noida, 201310, India.
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20
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Dahal S, Siddiqua H, Sharma S, Babu RK, Rathore D, Sharma S, Raghavan SC. Unleashing a novel function of Endonuclease G in mitochondrial genome instability. eLife 2022; 11:e69916. [PMID: 36394256 PMCID: PMC9711528 DOI: 10.7554/elife.69916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Having its genome makes the mitochondrion a unique and semiautonomous organelle within cells. Mammalian mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is a double-stranded closed circular molecule of about 16 kb coding for 37 genes. Mutations, including deletions in the mitochondrial genome, can culminate in different human diseases. Mapping the deletion junctions suggests that the breakpoints are generally seen at hotspots. '9 bp deletion' (8271-8281), seen in the intergenic region of cytochrome c oxidase II/tRNALys, is the most common mitochondrial deletion. While it is associated with several diseases like myopathy, dystonia, and hepatocellular carcinoma, it has also been used as an evolutionary marker. However, the mechanism responsible for its fragility is unclear. In the current study, we show that Endonuclease G, a mitochondrial nuclease responsible for nonspecific cleavage of nuclear DNA during apoptosis, can induce breaks at sequences associated with '9 bp deletion' when it is present on a plasmid or in the mitochondrial genome. Through a series of in vitro and intracellular studies, we show that Endonuclease G binds to G-quadruplex structures formed at the hotspot and induces DNA breaks. Therefore, we uncover a new role for Endonuclease G in generating mtDNA deletions, which depends on the formation of G4 DNA within the mitochondrial genome. In summary, we identify a novel property of Endonuclease G, besides its role in apoptosis and the recently described 'elimination of paternal mitochondria during fertilisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumedha Dahal
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science BangaloreBangaloreIndia
| | - Humaira Siddiqua
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science BangaloreBangaloreIndia
| | - Shivangi Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science BangaloreBangaloreIndia
| | - Ravi K Babu
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science BangaloreBangaloreIndia
| | - Diksha Rathore
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science BangaloreBangaloreIndia
| | - Sheetal Sharma
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarhIndia
| | - Sathees C Raghavan
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science BangaloreBangaloreIndia
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Jang JY, Im E, Kim ND. Mechanism of Resveratrol-Induced Programmed Cell Death and New Drug Discovery against Cancer: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13689. [PMID: 36430164 PMCID: PMC9697740 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol (3,5,4'-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene), a polyphenol found in grapes, red wine, peanuts, and apples, has been reported to exhibit a wide range of biological and pharmacological properties. In addition, resveratrol has been reported to intervene in multiple stages of carcinogenesis. It has also been known to kill several human cancer cells through programmed cell death (PCD) mechanisms such as apoptosis, autophagy, and necroptosis. However, resveratrol has limitations in its use as an anticancer agent because it is susceptible to photoisomerization owing to its unstable double bond, short half-life, and is rapidly metabolized and eliminated. Trans-(E)-resveratrol is nontoxic, and has several biological and pharmacological activities. However, little is known about the pharmacological properties of the photoisomerized cis-(Z)-resveratrol. Therefore, many studies on resveratrol derivatives and analogues that can overcome the shortcomings of resveratrol and increase its anticancer activity are underway. This review comprehensively summarizes the literature related to resveratrol-induced PCD, such as apoptosis, autophagy, necroptosis, and the development status of synthetic resveratrol derivatives and analogues as novel anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nam Deuk Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
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Purushottamachar P, Thomas E, Thankan RS, Rudchenko V, Huang G, Njar VCO. Large-scale synthesis of galeterone and lead next generation galeterone analog VNPP433-3β. Steroids 2022; 185:109062. [PMID: 35690119 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2022.109062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
VNPP433-3β (compound 2, (3β-(1H-imidazole-1-yl)-17-(1H-benzimidazole-1-yl)-androsta-5,16-diene), a multitarget anticancer agent has emerged as our lead next generation galeterone analogs (NGGA). Here, we describe a large multi-gram (92 g) scale synthesis of compound 2 starting from the commercially available dehydroepiandrosterone-3-acetate (DHEA, 6) via Galeterone (Gal, 1), in 8 steps with a 26% overall yield and 99.5% purity. The overall yield for the synthesis of Gal from DHEA improved from previously reported 47% to 59%. The advantages of this synthesis are as follows: (1) In the first two steps of Scheme 2, the change of solvents and reagents enabled the isolation of compounds 7 and 8 from heptane triturations, as column chromatography was eliminated in both steps. (2) In step 3 (deformylation) the catalyst required was reduced from 50% to 10% (wt/wt) of compound 8 which enable easy purification of compound 9, with modest increased yield. (3) The fourth step to produce Gal (1) was improved by using methanol, eliminating the use of tetrahydrofuran (THF) and dichloromethane, solvent which may be a problem as residual solvent contaminant. (4) In the final step 8, the imidazole-ring formation, inexpensive glyoxal (40% aqueous solution) was used in the reaction instead of expensive glyoxal trimer dihydrate. The structure of the target product (2, VNPP433-3β) was established by NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and elemental analysis. Gal and VNPP433-3β exhibit more potent antiproliferative activities against CWR22Rv1 human prostate cancer cells compared to clinical drugs, Abiraterone and Enzalutamide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puranik Purushottamachar
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; The Center for Biomolecular Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
| | - Elizabeth Thomas
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; The Center for Biomolecular Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Retheesh S Thankan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; The Center for Biomolecular Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Flavocure Biotech, 701 E. Pratt Street, Suite 2033, Baltimore MD 21202, USA; Isoprene pharmaceuticals, Inc., 875 Hollins Street, Suite 102D, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Vladimir Rudchenko
- Alchem Laboratories Corporation. 13305 Rachael Blvd., Alachua, FL 32615, USA
| | - Guangfei Huang
- Alchem Laboratories Corporation. 13305 Rachael Blvd., Alachua, FL 32615, USA
| | - Vincent C O Njar
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; The Center for Biomolecular Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Isoprene pharmaceuticals, Inc., 875 Hollins Street, Suite 102D, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
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23
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Thomas E, Thankan RS, Purushottamachar P, Huang W, Kane MA, Zhang Y, Ambulos NP, Weber DJ, Njar VCO. Novel AR/AR-V7 and Mnk1/2 Degrader, VNPP433-3β: Molecular Mechanisms of Action and Efficacy in AR-Overexpressing Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer In Vitro and In Vivo Models. Cells 2022; 11:2699. [PMID: 36078112 PMCID: PMC9454942 DOI: 10.3390/cells11172699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) relies in part on AR-signaling for disease development and progression. Earlier, we developed drug candidate galeterone, which advanced through phase 2-clinical trials in treating castration-resistant PCa (CRPC). Subsequently, we designed, synthesized, and evaluated next-generation galeterone-analogs including VNPP433-3β which is potently efficacious against pre-clinical models of PCa. This study describes the mechanism of action of VNPP433-3β that promotes degradation of full-length AR (fAR) and its splice variant AR-V7 besides depleting MNK1/2 in in vitro and in vivo CRPC models that stably overexpresses fAR. VNPP433-3β directly engages AR within the cell and promotes proteasomal degradation of fAR and its splice variant AR-V7 by enhancing the interaction of AR with E3 ligases MDM2/CHIP but disrupting AR-HSP90 binding. Next, VNPP433-3β decreases phosphorylation of 4EBP1 and abates binding of eIF4E and eIF4G to 5' cap of mRNA by depleting MNK1/2 with consequent depletion of phosphorylated eIF4E. Finally, RNA-seq demonstrates modulation of multiple pathways that synergistically contribute to PCa inhibition. Therefore, VNPP433-3β exerts its antitumor effect by imposing 1) transcriptional regulation of AR and AR-responsive oncogenes 2) translational regulation by disrupting mRNA-5'cap-dependent translation initiation, 3) reducing AR half-life through enhanced proteasomal degradation in vitro and AR-overexpressing tumor xenografts in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Thomas
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- The Center for Biomolecular Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Retheesh S. Thankan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Flavocure Biotech, 701 E. Pratt St, Ste 2033, Baltimore, MD 21202, USA
- Isoprene Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 801 W Baltimore Street, Suite 502J, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Puranik Purushottamachar
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- The Center for Biomolecular Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Weiliang Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Maureen A. Kane
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Yuji Zhang
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, University of Maryland, Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Nicholas P. Ambulos
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland, Marlene Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - David J. Weber
- The Center for Biomolecular Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Vincent C. O. Njar
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- The Center for Biomolecular Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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A Resveratrol Phenylacetamide Derivative Perturbs the Cytoskeleton Dynamics Interfering with the Migration Potential in Breast Cancer. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12136531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy is commonly used for cancer treatment, however the lack of selectivity on healthy cells and the development of resistance phenomena are the major issues. A better understanding of cancer genetics helped the development of new targeted anticancer treatments, which permit drug delivery with high specificity and lower toxicity. Moreover, the multi-target drug design concept represents the current trend for future drug research and development. Starting from good results previously obtained by our research group on the resveratrol (RSV) phenylacetamide derivative 2, which displayed an interesting anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative activity towards the breast cancer cells MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231, we identified other features, as the ability to perturb the cytoskeleton dynamics and interfere with the migration and metastatic processes. In vitro and in silico studies demonstrate that the derivative 2 is a tubulin and actin polymerization inhibitor and an actin depolymerization promotor. In addition, it interferes with the metastatic potential in both the breast cancer cells, inhibiting the in vitro cell migration and decreasing the spheroids number. These promising results demonstrate that the RSV phenylacetamide derivative 2 could be an important starting point in the discovery and development of safer and more efficacy multi-targeted agents.
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25
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A comprehensive insight into the antineoplastic activities and molecular mechanisms of deoxypodophyllotoxin: Recent trends, challenges, and future outlook. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 928:175089. [PMID: 35688183 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Lignans constitute an important group of polyphenols, which have been demonstrated to potently suppress cancer cell proliferation. Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies indicate that deoxypodophyllotoxin as a natural lignan possesses potent anticancer activities against various types of human cancer. The purpose of current review is to provide the reader with the latest findings in understanding the anticancer effects and molecular mechanisms of deoxypodophyllotoxin. This review comprehensively describes the influence of deoxypodophyllotoxin on signaling cascades and molecular targets implicated in cancer cell proliferation and invasion. A number of various signaling molecules and pathways, including apoptosis, necroptosis, cell cycle, angiogenesis, vascular disruption, ROS, MMPs, glycolysis, and microtubules as well as NF-κB, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, and MAPK cascades have been reported to be responsible for the anticancer activities of deoxypodophyllotoxin. The results of present review suggest that the cyclolignan deoxypodophyllotoxin can be developed as a novel and potent anticancer agent, especially as an alternative option for treatment of resistant tumors to chemotherapy.
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26
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Thomas E, Thankan RS, Purushottamachar P, Huang W, Kane MA, Zhang Y, Ambulos N, Weber DJ, Njar VCO. Transcriptome profiling reveals that VNPP433-3β, the lead next-generation galeterone analog inhibits prostate cancer stem cells by downregulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition and stem cell markers. Mol Carcinog 2022; 61:643-654. [PMID: 35512605 PMCID: PMC9322274 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) virtually present in all tumors albeit in small numbers are primarily responsible for driving cancer progression, metastasis, drug resistance, and recurrence. Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most frequent cancer in men worldwide, and castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) remains a major challenge despite the tremendous advancements in medicine. Currently, none of the available treatment options are effective in treating CRPC. We earlier reported that VNPP433-3β, the lead next-generation galeterone analog is effective in treating preclinical in vivo models of CRPC. In this study using RNA-seq, cytological, and biochemical methods, we report that VNPP433-3β inhibits prostate CSCs by targeting key pathways critical to stemness and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. VNPP433-3β inhibits CSCs in PCa, presumably by degrading the androgen receptor (AR) thereby decreasing the AR-mediated transcription of several stem cell markers including BMI1 and KLF4. Transcriptome analyses by RNA-seq, Ingenuity Pathway Analysis, and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis demonstrate that VNPP433-3β inhibits transcription of several genes and functional pathways critical to the prostate CSCs thereby inhibiting CSCs in PCa besides targeting the bulk of the tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Thomas
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,The Center for Biomolecular Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Retheesh S Thankan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Isoprene Pharmaceuticals Inc., Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Flavocure Biotech, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Puranik Purushottamachar
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,The Center for Biomolecular Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Weiliang Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Maureen A Kane
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Yuji Zhang
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Nicholas Ambulos
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - David J Weber
- The Center for Biomolecular Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Vincent C O Njar
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,The Center for Biomolecular Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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27
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Moutabian H, Majdaeen M, Ghahramani-Asl R, Yadollahi M, Gharepapagh E, Ataei G, Falahatpour Z, Bagheri H, Farhood B. A systematic review of the therapeutic effects of resveratrol in combination with 5-fluorouracil during colorectal cancer treatment: with a special focus on the oxidant, apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory activities. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:142. [PMID: 35366874 PMCID: PMC8976963 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02561-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), an effective chemotherapy drug, is commonly applied for colorectal cancer treatment. Nevertheless, its toxicity to normal tissues and the development of tumor resistance are the main obstacles to successful cancer chemotherapy and hence, its clinical application is limited. The use of resveratrol can increase 5-FU-induced cytotoxicity and mitigate the unwanted adverse effects. This study aimed to review the potential therapeutic effects of resveratrol in combination with 5-FU against colorectal cancer. METHODS According to the PRISMA guideline, a comprehensive systematic search was carried out for the identification of relevant literature in four electronic databases of PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus up to May 2021 using a pre-defined set of keywords in their titles and abstracts. We screened 282 studies in accordance with our inclusion and exclusion criteria. Thirteen articles were finally included in this systematic review. RESULTS The in vitro findings showed that proliferation inhibition of colorectal cancer cells in the groups treated by 5-FU was remarkably higher than the untreated groups and the co-administration of resveratrol remarkably increased cytotoxicity induced by 5-FU. The in vivo results demonstrated a decrease in tumor growth of mice treated by 5-FU than the untreated group and a dramatic decrease was observed following combined treatment of resveratrol and 5-FU. It was also found that 5-FU alone and combined with resveratrol could regulate the cell cycle profile of colorectal cancer cells. Moreover, this chemotherapeutic agent induced the biochemical and histopathological changes in the cancerous cells/tissues and these alterations were synergized by resveratrol co-administration (for most of the cases), except for the inflammatory mediators. CONCLUSION The results obtained from this systematic review demonstrated that co-administration of resveratrol could sensitize the colorectal cancer cells to 5-FU treatment via various mechanisms, including regulation of cell cycle distribution, oxidant, apoptosis, anti-inflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Moutabian
- Radiation Sciences Research Center (RSRC), AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrsa Majdaeen
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Razi Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Ruhollah Ghahramani-Asl
- Department of Medical Physics and Radiological Sciences, Faculty of Paramedicine, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Yadollahi
- Department of Allied Medical Sciences, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Esmaeil Gharepapagh
- Medical Radiation Sciences Research Team, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Ataei
- Department of Radiology Technology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Zahra Falahatpour
- Department of Medical Physics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Bagheri
- Radiation Sciences Research Center (RSRC), AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Radiation Biology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Bagher Farhood
- Trauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
- Department of Medical Physics and Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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Depletion of RNASEH2 Activity Leads to Accumulation of DNA Double-strand Breaks and Reduced Cellular Survivability in T Cell Leukemia. J Mol Biol 2022; 434:167617. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2022.167617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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29
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Mohammadhosseinpour S, Ho LC, Fang L, Xu J, Medina-Bolivar F. Arachidin-1, a Prenylated Stilbenoid from Peanut, Induces Apoptosis in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1139. [PMID: 35163062 PMCID: PMC8835363 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is unresponsive to typical hormonal treatments, causing it to be one of the deadliest forms of breast cancer. Investigating alternative therapies to increase survival rates for this disease is essential. The goal of this study was to assess cytotoxicity and apoptosis mechanisms of prenylated stilbenoids in TNBC cells. The prenylated stilbenoids arachidin-1 (A-1) and arachidin-3 (A-3) are analogs of resveratrol (RES) produced in peanut upon biotic stress. The anticancer activity of A-1 and A-3 isolated from peanut hairy root cultures was determined in TNBC cell lines MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-436. After 24 h of treatment, A-1 exhibited higher cytotoxicity than A-3 and RES with approximately 11-fold and six-fold lower IC50, respectively, in MDA-MB-231 cells, and nine-fold and eight-fold lower IC50, respectively, in MDA-MB-436 cells. A-1 did not show significant cytotoxicity in the non-cancerous cell line MCF-10A. While A-1 blocked cell division in G2-M phases in the TNBC cells, it did not affect cell division in MCF-10A cells. Furthermore, A-1 induced caspase-dependent apoptosis through the intrinsic pathway by activating caspase-9 and PARP cleavage, and inhibiting survivin. In conclusion, A-1 merits further research as a potential lead molecule for the treatment of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Mohammadhosseinpour
- Molecular Biosciences Graduate Program, College of Sciences and Mathematics, Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, AR 72467, USA;
- Arkansas Biosciences Institute, Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, AR 72467, USA; (L.-C.H.); (L.F.); (J.X.)
| | - Linh-Chi Ho
- Arkansas Biosciences Institute, Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, AR 72467, USA; (L.-C.H.); (L.F.); (J.X.)
| | - Lingling Fang
- Arkansas Biosciences Institute, Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, AR 72467, USA; (L.-C.H.); (L.F.); (J.X.)
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Arkansas Biosciences Institute, Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, AR 72467, USA; (L.-C.H.); (L.F.); (J.X.)
- College of Agriculture, Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, AR 72467, USA
| | - Fabricio Medina-Bolivar
- Arkansas Biosciences Institute, Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, AR 72467, USA; (L.-C.H.); (L.F.); (J.X.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, AR 72467, USA
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30
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Ibrahim TS, Hawwas MM, Malebari AM, Taher ES, Omar AM, Neamatallah T, Abdel-Samii ZK, Safo MK, Elshaier YAMM. Discovery of novel quinoline-based analogues of combretastatin A-4 as tubulin polymerisation inhibitors with apoptosis inducing activity and potent anticancer effect. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 36:802-818. [PMID: 33730937 PMCID: PMC7993375 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2021.1899168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A new series of quinoline derivatives of combretastatin A-4 have been designed, synthesised and demonstrated as tubulin polymerisation inhibitors. These novel compounds showed significant antiproliferative activities, among them, 12c exhibited the most potent inhibitory activity against different cancer cell lines (MCF-7, HL-60, HCT-116 and HeLa) with IC50 ranging from 0.010 to 0.042 µM, and with selectivity profile against MCF-10A non-cancer cells. Further mechanistic studies suggest that 12c can inhibit tubulin polymerisation and cell migration, leading to G2/M phase arrest. Besides, 12c induces apoptosis via a mitochondrial-dependant apoptosis pathway and caused reactive oxygen stress generation in MCF-7 cells. These results provide guidance for further rational development of potent tubulin polymerisation inhibitors for the treatment of cancer.HighlightsA novel series of quinoline derivatives of combretastatin A-4 have been designed and synthesised.Compound 12c showed significant antiproliferative activities against different cancer cell lines.Compound 12c effectively inhibited tubulin polymerisation and competed with [3H] colchicine in binding to tubulin.Compound 12c arrested the cell cycle at G2/M phase, effectively inducing apoptosis and inhibition of cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek S. Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M. Hawwas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Azizah M. Malebari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ehab S. Taher
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Abdelsattar M. Omar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Thikryat Neamatallah
- Department of Pharmacology and toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zakaria K. Abdel-Samii
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Martin K. Safo
- Institute for Structural Biology, Drug Discovery and Development, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Yaseen A. M. M. Elshaier
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Menoufia, Egypt
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31
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Mishra RC, Kalra R, Dilawari R, Deshmukh SK, Barrow CJ, Goel M. Characterization of an Endophytic Strain Talaromyces assiutensis, CPEF04 With Evaluation of Production Medium for Extracellular Red Pigments Having Antimicrobial and Anticancer Properties. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:665702. [PMID: 34421835 PMCID: PMC8371755 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.665702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Considering the worldwide demand for colorants of natural origin, the utilization of ascomycete fungi as a prolific pigment producer unfolds a novel way to obtain these pigments for various applications, including food, cosmetic, and medical use. The presence of very few natural red pigment alternatives in the market also attracts research and industry priorities to unearth novel and sustainable red pigment producers. The present work is an attempt to identify a novel source of red color obtained from endophytic fungi isolated from terrestrial and marine habitats. Based upon the fungal capacity for pigment production, seven isolates of endophytic fungi were recognized as prospective pigment producers. Out of all, fungal isolate CPE04 was selected based upon its capacity to produce profuse extracellular red pigment. The isolate was identified as Talaromyces assiutensis, employing morphological features and phylogenetic characterization by internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences. To understand the chemical behavior of pigment molecules, an investigation of the chemical profile of fungal culture filtrate dried powder (CFDP) was performed using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector-mass spectrometry (UPLC–DAD–MS). In total, eight compounds having pigment and pharmaceutical application were tentatively identified using UPLC–DAD–MS. Considering the commercial aspect of the stated work, an effort was also made for standardizing the upscaling of the pigment molecule. Investigations were performed for optimum medium and culturing conditions for maximum pigment production. CFDP was found to have a significant antibacterial activity against the bacterial pathogens Staphylococcus aureus (MTCC737), Vibrio cholerae (N16961), and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) (ATCC BAA811). The CFDP showed a minimum inhibitory concentration at 64, 128, and 256 μg/ml against S. aureus, MRSA, and V. cholerae. A concentration-dependent (50–400 μg/ml) anticancer effect on HeLa cancer line was also observed, having a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) at 300 μg/ml. The antioxidant potential of CFDP has also been proven with the help of an antioxidant assay against 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical (IC50, 32.01 μg/ml); DNA nicking assay and reactive oxygen species were generated in HeLa cancer line cells. The CFDP was also found to have no cytotoxicity toward HEK 293 T cell line using alamar blue (resazurin), a cell metabolic activity reagent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Chandra Mishra
- TERI-Deakin Nano Biotechnology Centre, The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI), TERI GRAM, Gurgaon, India
| | - Rishu Kalra
- TERI-Deakin Nano Biotechnology Centre, The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI), TERI GRAM, Gurgaon, India
| | - Rahul Dilawari
- Central Council of Scientific Research (CSIR)-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sunil Kumar Deshmukh
- TERI-Deakin Nano Biotechnology Centre, The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI), TERI GRAM, Gurgaon, India
| | - Colin J Barrow
- Centre for Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University Geelong, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Mayurika Goel
- TERI-Deakin Nano Biotechnology Centre, The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI), TERI GRAM, Gurgaon, India
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32
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Gopalakrishnan V, Sharma S, Ray U, Manjunath M, Lakshmanan D, Vartak SV, Gopinatha VK, Srivastava M, Kempegowda M, Choudhary B, Raghavan SC. SCR7, an inhibitor of NHEJ can sensitize tumor cells to ionization radiation. Mol Carcinog 2021; 60:627-643. [PMID: 34192388 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ), one of the major DNA double-strand break repair pathways, plays a significant role in cancer cell proliferation and resistance to radio and chemotherapeutic agents. Previously, we had described a small molecule inhibitor, SCR7, which inhibited NHEJ in a DNA Ligase IV dependent manner. Here, we report that SCR7 potentiates the effect of γ-radiation (IR) that induces DNA breaks as intermediates to eradicate cancer cells. Dose fractionation studies revealed that coadministration of SCR7 and IR (0.5 Gy) in mice Dalton's lymphoma (DLA) model led to a significant reduction in mice tumor cell proliferation, which was equivalent to that observed for 2 Gy dose when both solid and liquid tumor models were used. Besides, co-treatment with SCR7 and 1 Gy of IR further improved the efficacy. Notably, there was no significant change in blood parameters, kidney and liver functions upon combinatorial treatment of SCR7 and IR. Further, the co-treatment of SCR7 and IR resulted in a significant increase in unrepaired DSBs within cancer cells compared to either of the agent alone. Anatomy, histology, and other studies in tumor models confirmed the cumulative effects of both agents in activating apoptotic pathways to induce cytotoxicity by modulating DNA damage response and repair pathways. Thus, we report that SCR7 has the potential to reduce the side effects of radiotherapy by lowering its effective dose ex vivo and in mice tumor models, with implications in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidya Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.,Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology, Electronics City, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.,Department of Zoology, St. Joseph's College (Autonomous), Irinjalakuda, Kerala, India
| | - Shivangi Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.,Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology, Electronics City, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Ujjayinee Ray
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Meghana Manjunath
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology, Electronics City, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.,Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Divya Lakshmanan
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Supriya V Vartak
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Vindya K Gopinatha
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Mrinal Srivastava
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.,Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | | | - Bibha Choudhary
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology, Electronics City, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Sathees C Raghavan
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
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33
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Sigalapalli DK, Kiranmai G, Parimala Devi G, Tokala R, Sana S, Tripura C, Jadhav GS, Kadagathur M, Shankaraiah N, Nagesh N, Babu BN, Tangellamudi ND. Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-oxadiazole hybrids as anti-proliferative agents: Study of microtubule polymerization inhibition and DNA binding. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 43:116277. [PMID: 34175586 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Efforts towards the development of potential anticancer agents, a new series of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-oxadiazole hybrids were synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro anticancer activity against lung cancer (A549) and prostate cancer (PC-3, DU-145) cell lines. Amongst the compounds tested, 6d showed the highest potency on A549 cells with an IC50 value of 2.8 ± 0.02 μM. Flow cytometric analysis of compound 6d treated A549 cells showed apoptosis induction by annexin-v/PI dual staining assay and the effect of 6d on different phases of cell cycle was also analyzed. Target based studies demonstrated the inhibition of tubulin polymerization by 6d at an IC50 value of 3.45 ± 0.51 μM and its effective binding with CT-DNA. Further, the molecular modelling studies revealed that 6d has a prominent binding affinity towards α/β-tubulin receptor with admirable physico-chemical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilep Kumar Sigalapalli
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, India
| | - Gaddam Kiranmai
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Medical Biotechnology Complex, ANNEXE II, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - G Parimala Devi
- Department of Fluoro-Agrochemicals, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Ramya Tokala
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, India
| | - Sravani Sana
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, India
| | - Chaturvedula Tripura
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Medical Biotechnology Complex, ANNEXE II, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Govinda Shivaji Jadhav
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, India
| | - Manasa Kadagathur
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, India
| | - Nagula Shankaraiah
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, India.
| | - Narayana Nagesh
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Medical Biotechnology Complex, ANNEXE II, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India.
| | - Bathini Nagendra Babu
- Department of Fluoro-Agrochemicals, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India.
| | - Neelima D Tangellamudi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, India.
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34
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Weidong L, Sanna L, Bordoni V, Tiansheng Z, Chengxun L, Murineddu G, Pinna GA, Kelvin DJ, Bagella L. Target identification of a novel unsymmetrical 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivative with antiproliferative properties. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:3789-3799. [PMID: 33089499 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
1,3,4-Oxadiazole derivatives are widely used in research on antineoplastic drugs. Recently, we discovered a novel unsymmetrical 1,3,4-oxadiazole compound with antiproliferative properties called 2j. To further investigate its possible targets and molecular mechanisms, RNA-seq was performed and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained after treatment. Data were analyzed using functional (Gene Ontology term) and pathway (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) enrichment of the DEGs. The hub genes were determined by the analysis of protein-protein interaction networks. The connectivity map (CMap) information provided insight into the model action of antitumor small molecule drugs. Hub genes have been identified through function gene networks using STRING analysis. The small molecular targets obtained by CMap comparison showed that 2j is a tubulin inhibitor and it acts mainly affecting tumor cells through the cell cycle, FoxO signaling pathway, apoptotic, and p53 signaling pathways. The possible targets of 2j could be TUBA1A and TUBA4A. Molecular docking results indicated that 2j interacts at the colchicine-binding site on tubulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyu Weidong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
- Laboratory of Immunity, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Luca Sanna
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Valentina Bordoni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Zeng Tiansheng
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
- Laboratory of Immunity, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Chengxun
- Laboratory of Immunity, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Gabriele Murineddu
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Gerard A Pinna
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - David J Kelvin
- Laboratory of Immunity, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Luigi Bagella
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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35
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Xia LY, Zhang YL, Yang R, Wang ZC, Lu YD, Wang BZ, Zhu HL. Tubulin Inhibitors Binding to Colchicine-Site: A Review from 2015 to 2019. Curr Med Chem 2021; 27:6787-6814. [PMID: 31580244 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666191003154051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Due to the three domains of the colchicine-site which is conducive to the combination with small molecule compounds, colchicine-site on the tubulin has become a common target for antitumor drug development, and accordingly, a large number of tubulin inhibitors binding to the colchicine-site have been reported and evaluated over the past years. In this study, tubulin inhibitors targeting the colchicine-site and their application as antitumor agents were reviewed based on the literature from 2015 to 2019. Tubulin inhibitors were classified into ten categories according to the structural features, including colchicine derivatives, CA-4 analogs, chalcone analogs, coumarin analogs, indole hybrids, quinoline and quinazoline analogs, lignan and podophyllotoxin derivatives, phenothiazine analogs, N-heterocycle hybrids and others. Most of them displayed potent antitumor activity, including antiproliferative effects against Multi-Drug-Resistant (MDR) cell lines and antivascular properties, both in vitro and in vivo. In this review, the design, synthesis and the analysis of the structure-activity relationship of tubulin inhibitors targeting the colchicine-site were described in detail. In addition, multi-target inhibitors, anti-MDR compounds, and inhibitors bearing antitumor activity in vivo are further listed in tables to present a clear picture of potent tubulin inhibitors, which could be beneficial for medicinal chemistry researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Ying Xia
- Zhengzhou Children’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450018, P.R. China,State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
| | - Ya-Liang Zhang
- Zhengzhou Children’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450018, P.R. China,State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
| | - Rong Yang
- Zhengzhou Children’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450018, P.R. China,State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
| | - Zhong-Chang Wang
- Zhengzhou Children’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450018, P.R. China,State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
| | - Ya-Dong Lu
- Neonatal Medical Center, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, P.R. China
| | - Bao-Zhong Wang
- Zhengzhou Children’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450018, P.R. China,State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Liang Zhu
- Zhengzhou Children’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450018, P.R. China
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36
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Shwetha B, Sudhanva MS, Jagadeesha GS, Thimmegowda NR, Hamse VK, Sridhar BT, Thimmaiah KN, Ananda Kumar CS, Shobith R, Rangappa KS. Furan-2-carboxamide derivative, a novel microtubule stabilizing agent induces mitotic arrest and potentiates apoptosis in cancer cells. Bioorg Chem 2021; 108:104586. [PMID: 33607574 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The vital role played by microtubules in the cell division process, marks them as a potential druggable target to decimate cancer. A novel furan-2-carboxamide based small molecule, is a selective microtubule stabilizing agent (MSA) with IC50 ranging from 4 µM to 8 µM in different cancer cell lines. Inhibition of tubulin polymerization or stabilization of tubulin polymers abrogates chromosomal segregation during cell division, results in cell cycle arrest and leads to cell death due to the delayed repair mechanism. A novel furan-2-carboxamide based small molecule exhibited potent anti-proliferative and anti-metastatic property In-Vitro against the panel of cancer cells. Annexin V-FITC/PI, double staining reveals potent cytotoxic effect of SH09 against HeLa cells. FACS analysis displays induction of G2/M arrest and accumulation of subG1 population of cells upon treatment with SH09. Molecular docking study unveils SH09 binding affinity to the Taxol binding pocket of tubulin proteins and MM-GBSA also confirms strong binding energies of SH09 with tubulin proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Shwetha
- Department of Nanotechnology, CPGS, Visvesvaraya Technological University, Muddenahalli, Karnataka 562101, India
| | - M Srinivasa Sudhanva
- Adichunchanagiri Institute for Molecular Medicine, AIMS, Adichunchanagiri University, BG Nagara 571448, Karnataka 02, India; Faculty of Natural Sciences, Adichunchanagiri University, BG Nagara 571448, Karnataka, India
| | - G S Jagadeesha
- Department of Chemistry, Govt. S. K. S. J. Technological Institute (Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University), K R Circle, Bangalore, Karnataka 560001, India
| | - N R Thimmegowda
- Department of Chemistry, Govt. S. K. S. J. Technological Institute (Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University), K R Circle, Bangalore, Karnataka 560001, India
| | - Vivek K Hamse
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Adichunchanagiri University, BG Nagara 571448, Karnataka, India
| | - B T Sridhar
- Department of Chemistry, Maharani's Science College for Women, Palace Road, Bangalore, Karnataka 560001, India
| | - K N Thimmaiah
- Division of Natural Science Northwest Mississippi Community College, University of Mississippi Campus, Desoto Centre, Southaven, MS 38671, USA
| | - C S Ananda Kumar
- Department of Nanotechnology, CPGS, Visvesvaraya Technological University, Muddenahalli, Karnataka 562101, India; Centre for Material Science, University of Mysore, Mysore, Karnataka 570006, India.
| | - Rangappa Shobith
- Adichunchanagiri Institute for Molecular Medicine, AIMS, Adichunchanagiri University, BG Nagara 571448, Karnataka 02, India.
| | - K S Rangappa
- Institution of Excellence, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore, Karnataka 570006, India
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37
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Borys F, Tobiasz P, Poterała M, Krawczyk H. Development of novel derivatives of stilbene and macrocyclic compounds as potent of anti-microtubule factors. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 133:110973. [PMID: 33378993 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Microtubules (composed of α- and β-tubulin heterodimers) ubiquitous cellular polymers are important components of the cytoskeleton and play diverse roles within the cell, such as maintenance of cell structure, protein trafficking or chromosomal segregation during cell division. The polymers of tubulin play a pivotal role in mitosis and are regarded as an excellent target for chemotherapeutic agents to treat cancer. This review presents a brief overview of the synthesis and mechanism of action of new compounds targeting the dynamic of microtubule - tubulin polymerization/depolymerization. It is divided into the following parts: section I concerns targeting microtubules- tubulin-binding drugs derivatives of stilbene. In section II there are presented photoswitchable inhibitors of microtubule dynamics. Section III concerns using macrocyclic compounds as tubulin inhibitors. In this review, the authors focused primarily on reports produced inthe last five years and the latest strategies in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Borys
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664, Warsaw, Poland; The Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland
| | - Piotr Tobiasz
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Poterała
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Hanna Krawczyk
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664, Warsaw, Poland.
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38
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Zhong C, Kayamori K, Koide S, Shinoda D, Oshima M, Nakajima-Takagi Y, Nagai Y, Mimura N, Sakaida E, Yamazaki S, Iwano S, Miyawaki A, Ito R, Tohyama K, Yamaguchi K, Furukawa Y, Lennox W, Sheedy J, Weetall M, Iwama A. Efficacy of the novel tubulin polymerization inhibitor PTC-028 for myelodysplastic syndrome. Cancer Sci 2020; 111:4336-4347. [PMID: 33037737 PMCID: PMC7734154 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Monomer tubulin polymerize into microtubules, which are highly dynamic and play a critical role in mitosis. Therefore, microtubule dynamics are an important target for anticancer drugs. The inhibition of tubulin polymerization or depolymerization was previously targeted and exhibited efficacy against solid tumors. The novel small molecule PTC596 directly binds tubulin, inhibits microtubule polymerization, downregulates MCL‐1, and induces p53‐independent apoptosis in acute myeloid leukemia cells. We herein investigated the efficacy of PTC‐028, a structural analog of PTC596, for myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). PTC‐028 suppressed growth and induced apoptosis in MDS cell lines. The efficacy of PTC028 in primary MDS samples was confirmed using cell proliferation assays. PTC‐028 synergized with hypomethylating agents, such as decitabine and azacitidine, to inhibit growth and induce apoptosis in MDS cells. Mechanistically, a treatment with PTC‐028 induced G2/M arrest followed by apoptotic cell death. We also assessed the efficacy of PTC‐028 in a xenograft mouse model of MDS using the MDS cell line, MDS‐L, and the AkaBLI bioluminescence imaging system, which is composed of AkaLumine‐HCl and Akaluc. PTC‐028 prolonged the survival of mice in xenograft models. The present results suggest a chemotherapeutic strategy for MDS through the disruption of microtubule dynamics in combination with DNA hypomethylating agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhong
- Division of Stem Cell and Molecular Medicine, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kensuke Kayamori
- Division of Stem Cell and Molecular Medicine, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shuhei Koide
- Division of Stem Cell and Molecular Medicine, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Shinoda
- Division of Stem Cell and Molecular Medicine, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Motohiko Oshima
- Division of Stem Cell and Molecular Medicine, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yaeko Nakajima-Takagi
- Division of Stem Cell and Molecular Medicine, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yurie Nagai
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Naoya Mimura
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Cell Therapy, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Emiko Sakaida
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yamazaki
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Satoshi Iwano
- Laboratory for Cell Function Dynamics, Center for Brain Science, RIKEN, Saitama, Japan
| | - Atsushi Miyawaki
- Laboratory for Cell Function Dynamics, Center for Brain Science, RIKEN, Saitama, Japan
| | - Ryoji Ito
- Humanized Model Laboratory, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kaoru Tohyama
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Yamaguchi
- Division of Clinical Genome Research, Advanced Clinical Research Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoichi Furukawa
- Division of Clinical Genome Research, Advanced Clinical Research Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Atsushi Iwama
- Division of Stem Cell and Molecular Medicine, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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39
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Vindya K. Gopinatha, Ray U, Mantelingu K, Raghavan SC, Rangappa KS. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Theophylline Methyl 1,3,4-Oxadiazole as Anticancer Agents. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s106816202005009x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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40
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Abstract
Small molecule inhibitors targeting BCL2 are explored as anticancer therapeutics. Previously, we have reported identification and characterization of a novel BCL2 inhibitor, Disarib. Disarib induced cancer cell death in a BCL2 dependent manner in different cancer cell lines and mouse tumor models when it was administered intraperitoneally. In the present study, using two syngeneic mouse models, breast adenocarcinoma (EAC) and Dalton’s lymphoma (DLA), we show that oral administration of Disarib resulted in significant tumor regression in a concentration dependent manner. Importantly, tumor developed in both female and male mice were equally sensitive to Disarib. Further, we have investigated the toxicity of Disarib in normal cells. Single dose toxicity analysis of Disarib in male and female mice after oral administration revealed no significant variations compared to control group for parameters such as body weight, food and water consumption and behavioural changes which were analysed for the entire period of study. Haematological and histopathological analyses also did not show any significant difference from the control groups. Thus, our results reveal safe use of Disarib as a small molecule inhibitor and provide the foundation for investigation of other preclinical studies.
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Cheng K, Yu C, Li Z, Li S, Yan E, Song Z, Zhang H, Zhang L, Wang T. Resveratrol improves meat quality, muscular antioxidant capacity, lipid metabolism and fiber type composition of intrauterine growth retarded pigs. Meat Sci 2020; 170:108237. [PMID: 32739758 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2020.108237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated whether resveratrol could improve meat quality, muscular antioxidant capacity, lipid metabolism and fiber type composition of intrauterine growth retarded pigs. Thirty-six pairs of male normal birth weight and intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) piglets were orally fed with 80 mg resveratrol/kg body weight/d or vehicle during the sucking period (7-21 d). Then the offspring were fed with a basal diet containing 300 mg resveratrol/kg or a basal diet from weaning to slaughter (150 d). The IUGR-impaired meat quality (luminance and yellowness) was associated with muscular oxidative stress via increased Keap1 protein level, fat accumulation, and higher MyHC IIb gene expression. Expectedly, resveratrol increased glutathione peroxidase activity and MyHC I gene expression, reduced protein carbonyl and malondialdehyde contents, enhanced fatty acid oxidation via upregulated PPARα and targeted genes expression, and thereby improving drip loss and yellowness. Results indicate that resveratrol improved meat quality of IUGR pigs through enhancing antioxidant capacity, increasing oxidative fiber composition, and suppressing lipid accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Cheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Caiyun Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Zhihua Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Simian Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Enfa Yan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Zhihua Song
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Hao Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Lili Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
| | - Tian Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
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Dhiman N, Kaur K, Jaitak V. Tetrazoles as anticancer agents: A review on synthetic strategies, mechanism of action and SAR studies. Bioorg Med Chem 2020; 28:115599. [PMID: 32631569 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2020.115599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. Even after the availability of numerous drugs and treatments in the market, scientists and researchers are focusing on new therapies because of their resistance and toxicity issues. The newly synthesized drug candidates are able to demonstrate in vitro activity but are unable to reach clinical trials due to their rapid metabolism and low bioavailability. Therefore there is an imperative requisite to expand novel anticancer negotiators with tremendous activity as well as in vivo efficacy. Tetrazole is a promising pharmacophore which is metabolically more stable and acts as a bioisosteric analogue for many functional groups. Tetrazole fragment is often castoff with other pharmacophores in the expansion of novel anticancer drugs. This is the first systematic review that emphasizes on contemporary strategies used for the inclusion of tetrazole moiety, mechanistic targets along with comprehensive structural activity relationship studies to provide perspective into the rational design of high-efficiency tetrazole-based anticancer drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Dhiman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151 001, India
| | - Kamalpreet Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151 001, India
| | - Vikas Jaitak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151 001, India.
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Ahmadi R, Ebrahimzadeh MA. Resveratrol - A comprehensive review of recent advances in anticancer drug design and development. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 200:112356. [PMID: 32485531 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Resveratrol is a natural polyphenolic stilbene isolated from various plants, foods and beverages with a broad spectrum of biological and pharmacological properties through modulating diverse targets and signaling pathways. Particularly, it has attracted a great deal of attention as a promising and multitarget anticancer agent due to its potential use in chemoprevention and chemotherapy of various tumors. However, unfavorable pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics profile such as poor bioavailability restricted its applications. Therefore, medicinal chemists have synthesized a lot of novel derivatives and analogues of resveratrol using different modification strategies to overcome these limitations and improve anticancer efficacy. Herein, we reviewed the design, synthesis, structure-activity relationship and mechanism of the most potent and privileged resveratrol-based compounds that showed promising anticancer activities in the last five years. We classified these compounds into the ten different categories based on their chemical structure similarities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Ahmadi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Hemoglobinopathy Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Ebrahimzadeh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Hemoglobinopathy Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
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Ashrafizadeh M, Javanmardi S, Moradi-Ozarlou M, Mohammadinejad R, Farkhondeh T, Samarghandian S, Garg M. Natural products and phytochemical nanoformulations targeting mitochondria in oncotherapy: an updated review on resveratrol. Biosci Rep 2020; 40:BSR20200257. [PMID: 32163546 PMCID: PMC7133519 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20200257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are intracellular organelles with two distinct membranes, known as an outer mitochondrial membrane and inner cell membrane. Originally, mitochondria have been derived from bacteria. The main function of mitochondria is the production of ATP. However, this important organelle indirectly protects cells by consuming oxygen in the route of energy generation. It has been found that mitochondria are actively involved in the induction of the intrinsic pathways of apoptosis. So, there have been efforts to sustain mitochondrial homeostasis and inhibit its dysfunction. Notably, due to the potential role of mitochondria in the stimulation of apoptosis, this organelle is a promising target in cancer therapy. Resveratrol is a non-flavonoid polyphenol that exhibits significant pharmacological effects such as antioxidant, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor. The anti-tumor activity of resveratrol may be a consequence of its effect on mitochondria. Multiple studies have investigated the relationship between resveratrol and mitochondria, and it has been demonstrated that resveratrol is able to significantly enhance the concentration of reactive oxygen species, leading to the mitochondrial dysfunction and consequently, apoptosis induction. A number of signaling pathways such as sirtuin and NF-κB may contribute to the mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis by resveratrol. Besides, resveratrol shifts cellular metabolism from glycolysis into mitochondrial respiration to induce cellular death in cancer cells. In the present review, we discuss the possible interactions between resveratrol and mitochondria, and its potential application in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sara Javanmardi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Moradi-Ozarlou
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Mohammadinejad
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Tahereh Farkhondeh
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Saeed Samarghandian
- Healthy Ageing Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Manoj Garg
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201313, India
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Lu B, Corey DA, Kelley TJ. Resveratrol restores intracellular transport in cystic fibrosis epithelial cells. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2020; 318:L1145-L1157. [PMID: 32267731 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00006.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We have demonstrated previously that intracellular transport is impaired in cystic fibrosis (CF) epithelial cells. This impairment is related to both growth and inflammatory regulation in CF cell and animal models. Understanding how transport in CF cells is regulated and identifying means to manipulate that regulation are key to identifying new therapies that can address key CF phenotypes. It was hypothesized that resveratrol could replicate these benefits since it interfaces with multiple pathways identified to affect microtubule regulation in CF. It was found that resveratrol treatment significantly restored intracellular transport as determined by monitoring both cholesterol distribution and the distribution of rab7-positive organelles in CF cells. This restoration of intracellular transport is due to correction of both microtubule formation rates and microtubule acetylation in cultured CF cell models and primary nasal epithelial cells. Mechanistically, the effect of resveratrol on microtubule regulation and intracellular transport was dependent on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ signaling and its ability to act as a pan-histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor. Resveratrol represents a candidate compound with known anti-inflammatory properties that can restore both microtubule formation and acetylation in CF epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binyu Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Deborah A Corey
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Thomas J Kelley
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
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Subedi L, Teli MK, Lee JH, Gaire BP, Kim MH, Kim SY. A Stilbenoid Isorhapontigenin as a Potential Anti-Cancer Agent against Breast Cancer through Inhibiting Sphingosine Kinases/Tubulin Stabilization. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11121947. [PMID: 31817453 PMCID: PMC6966567 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11121947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Isorhapontigenin (ISO), a tetrahydroxylated stilbenoid, is an analog of resveratrol (Rsv). The various biological activities of Rsv and its derivatives have been previously reported in the context of both cancer and inflammation. However, the anti-cancer effect of ISO against breast cancer has not been well established, despite being an orally bioavailable dietary polyphenol. In this study, we determine the anti-cancer effects of ISO against breast cancer using MCF7, T47D, and MDA-MB-231 cell lines. We observed that ISO induces breast cancer cell death, cell cycle arrest, oxidative stress, and the inhibition of cell proliferation. Additionally, sphingosine kinase inhibition by ISO controlled tubulin polymerization and cancer cell growth by regulating MAPK/PI3K-mediated cell cycle arrest in MCF7 cells. Interestingly, SPHK1/2 gene silencing increased oxidative stress, cell death, and tubulin destabilization in MCF7 cells. This suggests that the anti-cancer effect of ISO can be regulated by SPHK/tubulin destabilization pathways. Overall, ISO successfully induced breast cancer cell death and cell growth arrest, suggesting this phytochemical is a better alternative for breast cancer treatment. Further studies in animal models could confirm the potency and usability of ISO over Rsv for targeting breast cancer, potentially posing an alternative candidate for improved therapy in the near future.
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Liu Z, Lang B, Gao M, Chang X, Guan Q, Xu Q, Wu D, Li Z, Zuo D, Zhang W, Wu Y. 3-(3-Methoxyphenyl)-6-(3-amino-4-methoxyphenyl)-7H-[1,2,4] triazolo [3,4-b][1,3,4] thiadiazine, a novel tubulin inhibitor, evokes G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in SGC-7901 and HeLa cells. J Cell Biochem 2019; 121:2184-2196. [PMID: 31642107 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer and cervical cancer are two major malignant tumors that threaten human health. The novel chemotherapeutic drugs are needed urgently to treat gastric cancer and cervical cancer with high anticancer activity and metabolic stability. Previously we have reported the synthesis, characterization and identification of a novel combretastatin A-4 analog, 3-(3-methoxyphenyl)-6-(3-amino-4- methoxyphenyl) -7H-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4] thiadiazine (XSD-7). In this study, we sought to investigate its anticancer mechanisms in a human gastric cancer cell line (SGC-7901 cells) and human cervical carcinoma cell line (HeLa cells). The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay showed that XSD-7 induced cytotoxicity in SGC-7901 and HeLa cells with inhibitory concentration 50 values of 0.11 ± 0.03 and 0.12 ± 0.05 µM, respectively. Immunofluorescence studies proved that XSD-7 inhibited microtubule polymerization during cell division in SGC-7901 and HeLa cells. Then, these cells were arrested at G2/M cell cycle and subsequently progressed into apoptosis. In further study, mitochondrial membrane potential analysis and Western blot analysis demonstrated that XSD-7 treatment-induced SGC-7901 cell apoptosis via both the mitochondria-mediated pathway and the death receptor-mediated pathway. In contrast, XSD-7 induced apoptosis in HeLa cells mainly via the mitochondria-mediated pathway. Hence, our data indicate that XSD-7 exerted antiproliferative activity by disrupting microtubule dynamics, leading to cell cycle arrest, and eventually inducing cell apoptosis. XSD-7 with novel structure has the potential to be developed for therapeutic treatment of gastric cancer and cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Shenhe, China
| | - Binyue Lang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Shenhe, China
| | - Minghuan Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Shenhe, China
| | - Xing Chang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Shenhe, China
| | - Qi Guan
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Shenhe, China
| | - Qile Xu
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Shenhe, China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Shenhe, China
| | - Zengqiang Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Shenhe, China
| | - Daiying Zuo
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Shenhe, China
| | - Weige Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Shenhe, China
| | - Yingliang Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Shenhe, China
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48
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Molecular Insights into Potential Contributions of Natural Polyphenols to Lung Cancer Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11101565. [PMID: 31618955 PMCID: PMC6826534 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11101565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Naturally occurring polyphenols are believed to have beneficial effects in the prevention and treatment of a myriad of disorders due to their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antineoplastic, cytotoxic, and immunomodulatory activities documented in a large body of literature. In the era of molecular medicine and targeted therapy, there is a growing interest in characterizing the molecular mechanisms by which polyphenol compounds interact with multiple protein targets and signaling pathways that regulate key cellular processes under both normal and pathological conditions. Numerous studies suggest that natural polyphenols have chemopreventive and/or chemotherapeutic properties against different types of cancer by acting through different molecular mechanisms. The present review summarizes recent preclinical studies on the applications of bioactive polyphenols in lung cancer therapy, with an emphasis on the molecular mechanisms that underlie the therapeutic effects of major polyphenols on lung cancer. We also discuss the potential of the polyphenol-based combination therapy as an attractive therapeutic strategy against lung cancer.
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Wine consumption and colorectal cancer risk: a meta-analysis of observational studies. Eur J Cancer Prev 2019; 28:151-158. [PMID: 30247171 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
There were inconsistent results with respect to the correlation between consumption of wine and the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). We carried out a meta-analysis to investigate this issue. We included observational studies on the aforementioned relationship according to a literature search of Embase and Pubmed from inception till 28 February 2017. The summary relative risk (SRR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using a random-effects model. A total of eight case-control and nine cohort studies were identified, involving 12 110 CRC cases. The study showed that wine drinking was not associated with any greater risk for CRC (SRR=0.99, 95% CI: 0.89-1.10; Pheterogeneity<0.001) compared with nondrinkers. The subgroup analyses indicated that null associations were observed in men and women for colon and rectal cancer. Neither light to moderate (<2 drinks/day; SRR=0.93, 95% CI: 0.80-1.08, I= 69.2%) nor heavy (≥2 drinks/day; SRR=1.00, 95% CI: 0.86-1.16, I= 39.9%) consumption of wine was associated statistically with CRC risk. This meta-analysis suggests that any wine consumption was not associated with the risk of CRC. Null associations were shown in men and women for colon and rectal cancer.
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50
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Liu J, Xue D, Zhu X, Yu L, Mao M, Liu Y. Anticancer evaluation of a novel dithiocarbamate hybrid as the tubulin polymerization inhibitor. Invest New Drugs 2019; 38:525-532. [PMID: 31183632 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-019-00799-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Novel quinoline-dithiocarbamate hybrids were synthesized and designed by the molecular hybridization strategy. All these derivatives were evaluated for their antiproliferative activity against three selected cancer cell lines (MGC-803, HepG-2 and PC-3). Among them, compound 10c displayed the best antiproliferative activity against PC-3 cells with an IC50 value of 0.43 μM. Celluar mechanisms investigated that compound 10c could inhibit the migration against PC-3 cells by regulation the expression levels of E-cadherin and N-cadherin. Compound 10c induced morphological changes of PC-3 cells and regulated apoptosis-related proteins (Bcl-2, Bax and Cleaved-Parp). In addition, compound 10c inhibited tubulin polymerization in vitro with an IC50 value of 4.02 μM. Importantly, compound 10c inhibited the growth of PC-3 cells in vivo with the low toxicity toward mice. These results suggested that compound 10c might be an antitumor agent with potential for treating prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liu
- Department of Urology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China
| | - Dongwei Xue
- Department of Urology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China
| | - Xingwang Zhu
- Department of Urology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China
| | - Liu Yu
- Department of Urology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China
| | - Minghuan Mao
- Department of Urology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China
| | - Yili Liu
- Department of Urology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China.
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