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Guan Y, Yang B, Zeng J, Mo Y, Wu X, Yang Y, Feng L, Jia X. A novel strategy for the multi-components division and discovering pharmacodynamic material basis of Chinese herbal compounds: A case study of Xian-Ling-Gu-Bao capsule. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 243:116112. [PMID: 38513502 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2024.116112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
The therapeutic effects of Chinese herbal compounds are often achieved through the synergistic interactions of multiple ingredients. However, current research predominantly focuses on individual ingredients, neglecting the holistic nature of Chinese herbal compounds. This study proposes a novel strategy to elucidate the pharmacodynamic material basis of Chinese herbal compounds based on their multi-components (components named 'ZuFen' in China, it refers to multiple ingredients with similar chemical structures) composition, using the Xian-Ling-Gu-Bao (XLGB) capsule as a case study. Cheminformatics-based components partitioning was conducted after sourcing ingredients from various databases, resulting in a total of 856 ingredients which were categorized into nine major components. Furthermore, the pharmacodynamic ingredients of XLGB capsule were determined by analyzing the ingredients that were absorbed into the bloodstream. Through a combination of these ingredients and screening for absorption, the Dipsacus asper saponin components, Psoralea corylifolia coumarin components, and Epimedium flavonoid polyglycosides components were isolated. The anti-osteoporosis efficacy of these components were evaluated in zebrafish, demonstrating their capability to reverse mineralization reduction caused by prednisolone. These findings further support the idea that these components serve as the material basis for the pharmacological efficacy of XLGB capsule. This study provides a novel systematic strategy for discovering the pharmacodynamic material basis of the efficacy of Chinese herbal compounds based on a 'multi-components' perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Guan
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Bing Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Jingqi Zeng
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Yulin Mo
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Xiaochun Wu
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Yanjun Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Liang Feng
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China.
| | - Xiaobin Jia
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China.
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Wang L, Huang X, Qin J, Qi B, Sun C, Guo X, Liu Q, Liu Y, Ma Y, Wei X, Zhang Y. The Role of Traditional Chinese Medicines in the Treatment of Osteoporosis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2024; 52:949-986. [PMID: 38879748 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x24500393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) represents a substantial public health issue and is associated with increasing rates of morbidity and mortality. It is characterized by reduced bone mineral density, deterioration of bone tissue quality, disruption of the microarchitecture of bones, and compromised bone strength. These changes may be attributed to the following factors: intercellular communication between osteoblasts and osteoclasts; imbalanced bone remodeling; imbalances between osteogenesis and adipogenesis; imbalances in hormonal regulation; angiogenesis; chronic inflammation; oxidative stress; and intestinal microbiota imbalances. Treating a single aspect of the disease is insufficient to address its multifaceted nature. In recent decades, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has shown great potential in the treatment of OP, and the therapeutic effects of Chinese patent drugs and Chinese medicinal herbs have been scientifically proven. TCMs, which contain multiple components, can target the diverse pathogeneses of OP through a multitargeted approach. Herbs such as XLGB, JTG, GSB, Yinyanghuo, Gusuibu, Buguzhi, and Nvzhenzi are among the TCMs that can be used to treat OP and have demonstrated promising effects in this context. They exert their therapeutic effects by targeting various pathways involved in bone metabolism. These TCMs balance the activity of osteoblasts (bone-forming cells) and osteoclasts (bone-resorbing cells), and they exhibit anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anti-oxidative, and estrogen-like functions. These multifaceted mechanisms underlie the efficacy of these herbs in the management and treatment of OP. Herein, we examine the efficacy of various Chinese herbs and Chinese patent drugs in treating OP by reviewing previous clinical trials and basic experiments, and we examine the potential mechanism of these therapies to provide evidence regarding the use of TCM for treating OP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Wang
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Xinyi Huang
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, P. R. China
| | - Jinran Qin
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Baoyu Qi
- Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100102, P. R. China
| | - Chuanrui Sun
- Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100102, P. R. China
| | - Xiangyun Guo
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Qingqing Liu
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Yichen Liu
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Yong Ma
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
- Jiangsu CM Clinical Innovation Center of Degenerative Bone & Joint Disease, Wuxi TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi 214071, P. R. China
| | - Xu Wei
- Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100102, P. R. China
- Institute of Orthopaedics of Beijing Integrative Medicine, Beijing 100061, P. R. China
| | - Yili Zhang
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
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Ge Y, Wang L, Su D, Yuan Q, Xiao C, Hu M, Kang C, Guo L, Zhou T, Zhang J. The sweating process promotes toxigenic fungi expansion and increases the risk of combined contamination of mycotoxins in Radix Dipsaci. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1394774. [PMID: 38903800 PMCID: PMC11187008 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1394774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Sweating is one of the most important processing methods of Chinese medicinal herbs. However, the high temperature and humidity environment required for sweating Chinese medicinal herbs makes it very easy for fungi to breed, especially toxigenic fungi. The mycotoxins produced by these fungi will then contaminate the Chinese medicinal herbs. In this study, we explored the changes in mycobiota, toxigenic fungi, and mycotoxins with and without sweating in Radix Dipsaci (RD), a typical representative of traditional Chinese medicine that requires processing through sweating. We also isolated and identified the toxigenic fungi from RD, whether they were subjected to sweating treatment or not, and examined their toxigenic genes and ability. The results showed that the detection rate of mycotoxins (aflatoxins, ochratoxins, zearalenone, and T-2 toxin) in RD with sweating was 36%, which was 2.25-fold higher than that in RD without sweating. We also detected T-2 toxin in the RD with sweating, whereas it was not found in the RD without sweating. The sweating process altered the fungal composition and increased the abundance of Fusarium and Aspergillus in RD. Aspergillus and Fusarium were the most frequently contaminating fungi in the RD. Morphological and molecular identification confirmed the presence of key toxigenic fungal strains in RD samples, including A. flavus, A. westerdijkiae, F. oxysporum and F. graminearum. These four fungi, respectively, carried AflR, PKS, Tri7, and PKS14, which were key genes for the biosynthesis of aflatoxins, ochratoxins, zearalenone, and T-2 toxin. The toxigenic ability of these four fungal strains was verified in different matrices. We also found that A. flavus, A. westerdijkiae, and F. oxysporum were isolated in RD both with sweating and without sweating, but their isolation frequency was significantly higher in the RD with sweating than in the RD without sweating. F. graminearum was not isolated from RD without sweating, but it was isolated from RD with sweating. These findings suggest that the sweating process promotes the expansion of toxigenic fungi and increases the risk of combined mycotoxin contamination in RD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyan Ge
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Lulu Wang
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Dapeng Su
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Qingsong Yuan
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Chenghong Xiao
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Min Hu
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Chuanzhi Kang
- Resource Institute for Chinese and Ethnic Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Lanping Guo
- Resource Institute for Chinese and Ethnic Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Zhou
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Jinqiang Zhang
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
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Korani S, Khalesi N, Korani M, Jamialahmadi T, Sahebkar A. Applications of honeybee-derived products in bone tissue engineering. Bone Rep 2024; 20:101740. [PMID: 38304620 PMCID: PMC10831168 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2024.101740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, there is an increasing prevalence of bone diseases and defects caused by trauma, cancers, infections, and degenerative and inflammatory conditions. The restoration of bone tissue lost due to trauma, fractures, or surgical removal resulting from locally invasive pathologies requires bone regeneration. As an alternative to conventional treatments, sustainable materials based on natural products, such as honeybee-derived products (honey, propolis, royal jelly, bee pollen, beeswax, and bee venom), could be considered. Honeybee-derived products, particularly honey, have long been recognized for their healing properties. There are a mixture of phytochemicals that offer bone protection through their antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. This review aims to summarize the current evidence regarding the effects of honeybee-derived products on bone regeneration. In conclusion, honey, propolis, royal jelly, beeswax, and bee venom can potentially serve as natural products for promoting bone health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahla Korani
- Research Center of Oils and Fats, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Naeemeh Khalesi
- Biotechnology Department, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mitra Korani
- Research Center of Oils and Fats, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Tannaz Jamialahmadi
- Medical Toxicology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Mo Y, Yang Y, Zeng J, Ma W, Guan Y, Guo J, Wu X, Liu D, Feng L, Jia X, Yang B. Enhancing the Biopharmacological Characteristics of Asperosaponin VI: Unveiling Dynamic Self-Assembly Phase Transitions in the Gastrointestinal Environment. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:7335-7358. [PMID: 38084126 PMCID: PMC10710790 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s436372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Asperosaponin VI (ASP VI) as an active ingredient of Dipsacus asperoides, which has a wide range of biological and pharmacological activity. However, its development and application are restricted due to the poor gastrointestinal permeability and oral bioavailability. This investigation aims to reveal the influence of the self-assembled structure by the interaction between ASP VI and endogenous components NaTC and/or DOPC in the gastrointestinal environment on its biopharmaceutical properties, and novelty elucidated the molecular mechanism for the formation of self-assembled nanomicelles. Methods This change in phase state in gastrointestinal fluids is characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). UPLC-Q-TOF-MS was used to analyze the composition of phase components and the exposure of nanomicelles in vivo. Molecular dynamics simulation (MDS) was applied to preliminarily elucidate the self-assembly mechanism of ASP VI in the gastrointestinal environment. Furthermore, theS8 promoting absorption mechanism of nanomicelles were investigated through in vivo pharmacokinetic experiments, parallel artificial membrane permeability assay (PAMPA), quadruple single-pass intestinal perfusion in rats, and Caco-2 cell monolayer model. Results We demonstrated that the ASP VI could spontaneously form dynamic self-assembled structures with sodium taurocholate (NaTC) and dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DOPC) during gastrointestinal solubilization, which promoted the gastrointestinal absorption and permeability of ASP VI and increased its exposure in vivo, thus improving the biopharmacological characteristics of ASP VI. Moreover, ASP VI-NaTC-DOPC-self-assembled nanostructures (ASP VI-NaTC-DOPC-SAN) manifested higher cellular uptake in Caco-2 cells as evidenced by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy, and this study also preliminarily revealed the mechanism of self-assembly formation of ASP VI with endogenous components NaTC and DOPC driven by electrostatic and hydrogen bonding interactions. Conclusion This study provides evidence that the dynamic self-assembled phase transition may play a key role in improving the biopharmacological characteristics of insoluble or low permeability active ingredients during the gastrointestinal dissolution of Chinese medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Mo
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanjun Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingqi Zeng
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weikun Ma
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuxin Guan
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingxi Guo
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaochun Wu
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dingkun Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liang Feng
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaobin Jia
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bing Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People’s Republic of China
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Santos MDS, Lima VTM, Barrioni BR, Vago JP, de Arruda JAA, Prazeres PD, Amaral FA, Silva TA, Macari S. Targeting phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase for inhibiting maxillary bone resorption. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:2651-2667. [PMID: 37814842 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested a role of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase gamma (PI3Kγ) in bone remodeling, but the mechanism remains undefined. Here, we explored the contribution of PI3Kγ in the resorption of maxillary bone and dental roots using models of orthodontic tooth movement (OTM), orthodontic-induced inflammatory root resorption, and rapid maxillary expansion (RME). PI3Kγ-deficient mice (PI3Kγ-/- ), mice with loss of PI3Kγ kinase activity (PI3KγKD/KD ) and C57BL/6 mice treated with a PI3Kγ inhibitor (AS605240) and respective controls were used. The maxillary bones of PI3Kγ-/- , PI3KγKD/KD , and C57BL/6 mice treated with AS605240 showed an improvement of bone quality compared to their controls, resulting in reduction of the OTM and RME in all experimental groups. PI3Kγ-/- mice exhibited increased root volume and decreased odontoclasts counts. Consistently, the pharmacological blockade or genetic deletion of PI3K resulted in increased numbers of osteoblasts and reduction in osteoclasts during OTM. There was an augmented expression of Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) and alkaline phosphatase (Alp), a reduction of interleukin-6 (Il-6), as well as a lack of responsiveness of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β (Rank) in PI3Kγ-/- and PI3KγKD/KD mice compared to control mice. The maxillary bones of PI3Kγ-/- animals showed reduced p-Akt expression. In vitro, bone marrow cells treated with AS605240 and cells from PI3Kγ-/- mice exhibited significant augment of osteoblast mineralization and less osteoclast differentiation. The PI3Kγ/Akt axis is pivotal for bone remodeling by providing negative and positive signals for the differentiation of osteoclasts and osteoblasts, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana de S Santos
- Department of Morphology, Biological Science Institute, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Virgínia T M Lima
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Breno R Barrioni
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Juliana P Vago
- Department of Morphology, Biological Science Institute, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - José Alcides A de Arruda
- Department of Oral Surgery, Pathology and Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Pedro D Prazeres
- Department of Pathology, Biological Science Institute, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Flávio A Amaral
- Department of Morphology, Biological Science Institute, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Biological Science Institute, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Tarcília A Silva
- Department of Oral Surgery, Pathology and Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Soraia Macari
- Department of Morphology, Biological Science Institute, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Du W, Lv Y, Wu H, Li Y, Tang R, Zhao M, Wei F, Li C, Ge W. Research on the effect of Dipsaci Radix before and after salt-processed on kidney yang deficiency syndrome rats and the preliminary mechanism study through the BMP-Smad signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 312:116480. [PMID: 37061069 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Dipsaci Radix (DR) is the dry root of Dipsacus asper Wall. ex DC. AIM OF THE STUDY The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of DR on rats before and after salt-processed with kidney yang deficiency syndrome (KYDS), and we selected the BMP-Smad signaling pathway to explore the mechanism of DR. MATERIALS AND METHODS The model of KYDS was established by subcutaneous injection of hydrocortisone, the crude DR (CDR) and salt-processed DR (SDR) were given the corresponding dose (2 g/kg, 4 g/kg, and 6 g/kg). The organ index and the contents of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), cortistatin (CORT), thyroid hormone (T4), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), testosterone (T), estradiol (E2), cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), Na+-K+-ATPase, and growth hormone (GH) in serum were measured to evaluate the intervention effect of DR on KYDS rats. The expression of Smad 1, Smad 4, Smad 5, Smad 8, and BMP 7 protein in kidney was determined by immunohistochemistry, quantitative PCR (qPCR) and Western blot analysis. The effects of DR on 5 expression factors in the BMP-Smad signaling pathway were studied. Constituents absorbed into blood were identified by UPLC-Q-TOF/MS. RESULTS The results showed that compared with the model group, the thymus and kidney index, as well as the contents of ACTH, CORT, cAMP, GH, Na+-K+-ATPase, T, T4, and E2 were significantly increased in the CDR and SDR groups, and the contents of cGMP and TNF-α were significantly decreased. Compared with the CDR high dose group, ACTH, Na+-K+-ATPase, T, and T4 were significantly increased in the SDR high dose group. The results of immunohistochemistry, qPCR, and Western blot analysis showed that compared with the model group, the expression levels of Smad 1, Smad 4, Smad 5, Smad 8 and BMP 7 proteins in the kidney of DR groups were significantly increased. And SDR groups tended to be better than CDR groups. 8 constituents migrating to blood were identified. CONCLUSION This study showed that both CDR and SDR could have a good therapeutic effect on KYDS, and SDR was better than CDR. This study chose the BMP-Smad signaling pathway to study the mechanism of DR in the treatment of KYDS and provided a scientific basis for the processing mechanism of salt-processed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng Du
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311400, PR China; Research Center of TCM Processing Technology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311401, PR China; Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Chinese Medicine Yinpian Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, 311401, PR China.
| | - Yue Lv
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311400, PR China.
| | - Hangsha Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311400, PR China.
| | - Yafei Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311400, PR China
| | - Rui Tang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311400, PR China
| | - Mingfang Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311400, PR China
| | - Feiyang Wei
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311400, PR China
| | - Changyu Li
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, PR China.
| | - Weihong Ge
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311400, PR China; Research Center of TCM Processing Technology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311401, PR China; Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Chinese Medicine Yinpian Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, 311401, PR China.
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Chen WJ, Livneh H, Li HH, Wang YH, Lu MC, Tsai TY, Chien KY. Use of Chinese Herbal Medicine Was Related to Lower Risk of Osteoporotic Fracture in Sarcopenia Patients: Evidence from Population-Based Health Claims. Int J Gen Med 2023; 16:3345-3354. [PMID: 37576913 PMCID: PMC10417589 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s416705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction With population aging, sarcopenia and its accompanying risk of osteoporotic fracture has drawn increased attention. Nowadays, while Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) is often used as complementary therapy for many medical conditions, its effect against likelihood of osteoporotic fracture among sarcopenia subjects was not fully elucidated yet. We therefore conducted a population-level study to compare osteoporotic fracture risk for sarcopenia persons with or without CHM use. Methods Using the patient record from a nationwide insurance database, we recruited persons with newly diagnosed sarcopenia and simultaneously free of osteoporotic fracture between 2000 and 2010. Propensity score matching was then applied to randomly select sets of CHM users and non-CHM users. All of them were tracked until end of 2013 to measure the incidence and adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for new new-onset fracture in multivariable Cox proportional hazards model. Results Compared to non-CHM users, the CHM users indeed had a lower incidence of osteoporotic fracture (121.22 vs 156.61 per 1000 person-years). Use of CHM correlated significantly with a lower fracture likelihood after adjusting for potential covariates, and those receiving CHM treatment for more than two years experienced a remarkably lower risk by 73%. Uses of several herbal formulae were correlated to reduced risk of osteoporotic fracture, such as Caulis Spatholobi, Xuduan, Duzhong, Danshen, Shu-Jing-Huo-Xue-Tang, Du-Huo-Ji-Sheng-Tang, Shao-Yao-Gan-Cao-Tang, and Shen-Tong-Zhu-Yu -Tang. Conclusion Our study depicted that cumulative CHM exposure was inversely associated with osteoporotic fracture risk in a duration-dependent manner, implying that CHM treatment may be embraced as routine care in preventing incident osteoporotic fracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Jen Chen
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Dalin Tzu chi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzu chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, 62247, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Sports Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan, 33301, Taiwan
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, 97004, Taiwan
- Center of Sports Medicine, Dalin Tzu chi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzu chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, 62247, Taiwan
| | - Hanoch Livneh
- Rehabilitation Counseling Program, Portland State University, Portland, OR, 97207-0751, USA
| | - Hsin-Hua Li
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Dalin Tzu chi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzu chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, 62247, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Han Wang
- Center of Sports Medicine, Dalin Tzu chi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzu chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, 62247, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chi Lu
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Dalin Tzu chi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzu chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, 62247, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, 97004, Taiwan
| | - Tzung-Yi Tsai
- Department of Medical Research, Dalin Tzu chi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzu chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, 62247, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, 97004, Taiwan
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70428, Taiwan
| | - Kuei-Yu Chien
- Graduate Institute of Sports Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan, 33301, Taiwan
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Feng W, Zhong XQ, Zheng XX, Liu QP, Liu MY, Liu XB, Lin CS, Xu Q. The Underlying Mechanism of Duanteng Yimu Decoction in Inhibiting Synovial Hyperplasia in Rheumatoid Arthritis. J Immunol Res 2023; 2023:2340538. [PMID: 37252680 PMCID: PMC10225272 DOI: 10.1155/2023/2340538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) is associated with the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Our previous studies confirmed that Duanteng Yimu decoction (DTYMT) effectively inhibits RA fibroblast-like synoviocyte (FLS) proliferation. In this study, we investigated the influence of DTYMT on miR-221 in RA individuals. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was performed to assess histopathological alterations in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice. The expression of miR-221-3p and TLR4 in PBMC, FLS, and cartilage was measured by RT-qPCR. In the in vitro experiments, DTYMT-containing serum was incubated with FLS-transfected miR-221 mimic or inhibitor. CCK-8 was performed to determine FLS proliferation, and the secretion of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-18, and TNF-α was quantified by ELISA assay. In addition, the regulation of miR-221 expression on FLS apoptosis was assessed using flow cytometry. Finally, western blot was employed to reflect TLR4/MyD88 protein levels. HE results showed that DTYMT effectively reduced synovial hyperplasia in the joints of CIA mice. RT-qPCR assay of FLS and cartilage of the model group showed that miR-221-3p and TLR4 significantly increased compared with those in the normal group. All outcomes were improved by DTYMT. The miR-221 mimic reversed the inhibitory effect of DTYMT-containing serum on FLS proliferation, the release of IL-1β, IL-18, IL-6, and TNF-α, and FLS apoptosis, as well as TLR4/MyD88 protein levels. The results showed that miR-221 promotes the activity of RA-FLS by activating TLR4/MyD88 signaling, and DTYMT treats RA by reducing miR-221 in CIA mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Feng
- The First Clinical Medicine School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Xiao-Qin Zhong
- The First Clinical Medicine School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Xue-Xia Zheng
- The First Clinical Medicine School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Qing-Ping Liu
- The First Clinical Medicine School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Min-Ying Liu
- The First Clinical Medicine School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Xiao-Bao Liu
- The First Clinical Medicine School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Chang-Song Lin
- The First Clinical Medicine School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- The First Clinical Medicine School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
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Skała E, Szopa A. Dipsacus and Scabiosa Species-The Source of Specialized Metabolites with High Biological Relevance: A Review. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28093754. [PMID: 37175164 PMCID: PMC10180103 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The genera Dipsacus L. and Scabiosa L. of the Caprifoliaceae family are widely distributed in Europe, Asia, and Africa. This work reviews the available literature on the phytochemical profiles, ethnomedicinal uses, and biological activities of the most popular species. These plants are rich sources of many valuable specialized metabolites with beneficial medicinal properties, such as triterpenoid derivatives, iridoids, phenolic acids, and flavonoids. They are also sources of essential oils. The genus Dipsacus has been used for centuries in Chinese and Korean folk medicines to treat bone (osteoporosis) and joint problems (rheumatic arthritis). The Korean Herbal Pharmacopoeia and Chinese Pharmacopoeia include Dipsaci radix, the dried roots of D. asperoides C.Y.Cheng & T.M.Ai. In addition, S. comosa Fisch. ex Roem & Schult. and S. tschiliiensis Grunning are used in traditional Mongolian medicine to treat liver diseases. The current scientific literature data indicate that these plants and their constituents have various biological properties, including inter alia antiarthritic, anti-neurodegenerative, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, and antimicrobial activities; they have also been found to strengthen tendon and bone tissue and protect the liver, heart, and kidney. The essential oils possess antibacterial, antifungal, and insecticidal properties. This paper reviews the key biological values of Dipsacus and Scabiosa species, as identified by in vitro and in vivo studies, and presents their potential pharmacological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Skała
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Lodz, Muszynskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Szopa
- Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
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Xi Y, Zhao T, Shi M, Zhang X, Bao Y, Gao J, Shen J, Wang H, Xie Z, Wang Q, Li Z, Qin D. Potential Therapeutic Mechanism of Radix Angelicae Biseratae and Dipsaci Radix Herb Pair against Osteoarthritis: Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2023; 2023:2140327. [PMID: 37089716 PMCID: PMC10121345 DOI: 10.1155/2023/2140327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Background A major contributor to older disability is osteoarthritis. Radix Angelicae Biseratae (known as Duhuo in China, DH, the dried rhizome of Angelica pubescens) and Dipsaci Radix (known as Xuduan in China, XD, the dried rhizome of Dipsacus asper Wall) herb pair (DXHP) is widely used to treat osteoarthritis, but the underlying molecular mechanisms still have not been revealed. This research aimed to illustrate the therapeutic mechanism of DXHP against osteoarthritis through the techniques of network pharmacology and molecular docking. Methods Gene targets for osteoarthritis and active ingredients for DXHP were screened based on the pharmacology public database and the gene-disease target database. The software program Cytoscape was used to visualize the active chemical target-disease gene network. The STRING biological information website was used to investigate protein interactions. On the Metascape bioinformatics website, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment were carried out. The molecular docking of the important chemicals and primary targets identified by the aforementioned screening was performed using Autodock software. Results Twenty-six active substances from the DXHP that had strong connections to 138 osteoarthritis-related targets were screened out. According to network analysis, TNF, GAPDH, IL-6, AKT-1, IL-1B, and VEGFA are prospective therapeutic targets, while osthole, cauloside A, ammidin, angelicone, beta-sitosterol, and asperosaponin VI may be significant active components. 1705 biological processes (BP), 155 molecular functions (MF), and 89 cellular components (CC) were identified by GO analysis. KEGG analysis indicated that IL-17, NF-kappa B, HIF-1, MAPK, and AGE-RAGE signaling pathways are potentially involved. Molecular docking showed that cauloside A, osthole, and β-sitosterol have excellent binding activity with main targets. Conclusions This study comprehensively illuminated the active ingredients, potential targets, primary pharmacological effects, and relevant mechanisms of the DXHP in the treatment of OA. These findings provide fresh thoughts into the therapeutic mechanisms of the main active ingredients of DXHP and provide a reference for further exploration and clinical applications of DXHP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujiang Xi
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Ting Zhao
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Mingqin Shi
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Yanyuan Bao
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Jiamei Gao
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Jiayan Shen
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Hui Wang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Zhaohu Xie
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Zhaofu Li
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Dongdong Qin
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
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12
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Niu J, Wang Y, Meng Y, Qi W, Wen J. Asperosaponin VI induces osteogenic differentiation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells via the estrogen signaling pathway. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e32344. [PMID: 36550906 PMCID: PMC9771310 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asperosaponin VI (ASA VI) is an active ingredient found in the traditional Chinese herb Radix Dipsaci, which is used to treat fractures. ASA VI combined with osteogenic medium can induce osteogenic differentiation of rat-derived stem cells. However, whether ASA VI alone can induce osteoblast differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) remains unclear. METHODS ASA VI human-derived binding proteins were searched in the PharmMapper database, osteogenesis-related signaling pathways were obtained through a literature search, and proteins contained in these signaling pathways were queried in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database. SystemsDock was used to perform online molecular docking of target proteins to evaluate their binding abilities, and validation experiments were performed. RESULTS A total of 620 ASA VI target proteins and 12 osteogenesis-related signaling pathways were queried, and 17 intersecting targets were screened. Molecular docking results showed that these targets had high binding affinity for ASA VI. We selected estrogen receptor 2 and its estrogen signaling pathway for experimental validation. The results showed that ASA VI can induce the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs through the estrogen signaling pathway. CONCLUSION ASA VI can independently induce osteogenic differentiation of human umbilical cord MSCs, and the estrogen signaling pathway plays an important role in this process. Thus, ASA VI may have potential as an anti-osteoporosis drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junting Niu
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yiqing Wang
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yao Meng
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wanli Qi
- Department of Osteosci, The Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
- * Correspondence: Wanli Qi, Department of Osteosci, The Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, China (e-mail: )
| | - Jianping Wen
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Luo JF, Zhou H, Lio CK. Akebia Saponin D Inhibits the Inflammatory Reaction by Inhibiting the IL-6-STAT3-DNMT3b Axis and Activating the Nrf2 Pathway. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196236. [PMID: 36234773 PMCID: PMC9614599 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Akebia saponin D (ASD) is derived from the Dipsacus asper Wall. ex Henry, which is a traditional Chinese medicine commonly used to treat rheumatic arthritis (RA). However, the in-depth mechanism of the anti-inflammatory effect of ASD is still unclear. This study aimed to preliminarily explore the anti-inflammatory effect of ASD and the underlying mechanisms from the perspective of DNA methylation and inflammation-related pathways. We found that ASD significantly reduced the production of multiple inflammatory mediators, including nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. The expression of DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) 3b and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) was also obviously inhibited by the ASD treatment. The protein and mRNA levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were also significantly inhibited by ASD. ASD inhibited the macrophage M1 phenotype, inhibited the high level of DNMT3b, and downregulated the signal transducer and activator of the transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway to exert its anti-inflammatory activity. Furthermore, DNMT3b siRNA and Nrf2 siRNA significantly promoted the anti-inflammatory effect of ASD. Our study demonstrates for the first time that ASD inhibits the IL-6-STAT3-DNMT3b axis and activates the nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway to achieve its inhibitory effect on inflammatory reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Fang Luo
- Basic Medical College, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guian District, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Hua Zhou
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao 999078, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Chon-Kit Lio
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medcine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou 510006, China
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14
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Liu Q, Zhang J, Xiao C, Su D, Li L, Yang C, Zhao Z, Jiang W, You Z, Zhou T. Akebia saponin D protects hippocampal neurogenesis from microglia-mediated inflammation and ameliorates depressive-like behaviors and cognitive impairment in mice through the PI3K-Akt pathway. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:927419. [PMID: 36110522 PMCID: PMC9468712 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.927419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Given the ability of akebia saponin D (ASD) to protect various types of stem cells, in the present study, we hypothesized that ASD could promote the proliferation, differentiation, and survival of neural stem/precursor cells (NSPCs), even in a microglia-mediated inflammatory environment, thereby mitigating inflammation-related neuropsychopathology. We established a mouse model of chronic neuroinflammation by exposing animals to low-dose lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 0.25 mg/kg/d) for 14 days. The results showed that chronic exposure to LPS strikingly reduced hippocampal levels of PI3K and pAkt and neurogenesis in mice. In the presen of a microglia-mediated inflammatory niche, the PI3K-Akt signaling in cultured NSPCs was inhibited, promoting their apoptosis and differentiation into astrocytes, while decreasing neurogenesis. Conversely, ASD strongly increased the levels of PI3K and pAkt and stimulated NSPC proliferation, survival and neuronal differentiation in the microglia-mediated inflammatory niche in vitro and in vivo. ASD also restored the synaptic function of hippocampal neurons and ameliorated depressive- and anxiety-like behaviors and cognitive impairment in mice chronically exposed to LPS. The results from network pharmacology analysis showed that the PI3K-AKT pathway is one of the targets of ASD to against major depressive disorder (MDD), anxiety and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). And the results from molecular docking based on computer modeling showed that ASD is bound to the interaction interface of the PI3K and AKT. The PI3K-Akt inhibitor LY294002 blocked the therapeutic effects of ASD in vitro and in vivo. These results suggested that ASD protects NSPCs from the microglia-mediated inflammatory niche, promoting their proliferation, survival and neuronal differentiation, as well as ameliorating depressive- and anxiety-like behaviors and cognitive impairment by activating the PI3K-AKT pathway. Our work suggests the potential of ASD for treating Alzheimer’s disease, depression and other cognitive disorders involving impaired neurogenesis by microglia-mediated inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Liu
- Resource Institute for Chinese & Ethnic Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Jinqiang Zhang
- Resource Institute for Chinese & Ethnic Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
- *Correspondence: Jinqiang Zhang, Tao Zhou,
| | - Chenghong Xiao
- Resource Institute for Chinese & Ethnic Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Dapeng Su
- Resource Institute for Chinese & Ethnic Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Liangyuan Li
- Resource Institute for Chinese & Ethnic Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Changgui Yang
- Resource Institute for Chinese & Ethnic Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhihuang Zhao
- Resource Institute for Chinese & Ethnic Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Weike Jiang
- Resource Institute for Chinese & Ethnic Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Zili You
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Zhou
- Resource Institute for Chinese & Ethnic Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
- *Correspondence: Jinqiang Zhang, Tao Zhou,
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15
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Wang K, Cheng L, He B. Therapeutic effects of asperosaponin VI in rabbit tendon disease. Regen Ther 2022; 20:1-8. [PMID: 35310016 PMCID: PMC8898761 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2022.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
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16
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Chen F, Liang Q, Mao L, Yin Y, Zhang L, Li C, Liu C. Synergy effects of Asperosaponin VI and bioactive factor BMP-2 on osteogenesis and anti-osteoclastogenesis. Bioact Mater 2022; 10:335-344. [PMID: 34901550 PMCID: PMC8636809 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a reduction in skeletal mass due to the decrease of osteogenic ability and the activation of the osteoclastic function. Inhibiting bone resorption and accelerating the new bone formation is a promising strategy to repair the bone defect of osteoporosis. In this study, we first systematically investigated the roles of Chinese medicine Asperosaponin VI (ASP VI) on osteogenic mineralization of BMSCs and osteoclastogenesis of BMMs, and then explored the synergistic effect of ASP VI and BS (BMP-2 immobilized in 2-N, 6-O-sulfated chitosan) on bone formation. The result showed that ASP VI with the concentration lower than 10-4 M contributed to the expression of osteogenic gene and inhibited osteoclastic genes RANKL of BMSCs. Simultaneously, ASP VI significantly reduced the differentiation of mononuclear osteoclasts in the process of osteoclast formation induced by M-CSF and RANKL. Furthermore, by stimulating the SMADs, TGF-β1, VEGFA, and OPG/RANKL signaling pathways, ASBS (ASP VI and BS) substantially enhanced osteogenesis, greatly promoted angiogenesis, and suppressed osteoclastogenesis. The findings provide a new perspective on osteoporosis care and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangping Chen
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
- Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
- Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
| | - Qing Liang
- Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
| | - Lijie Mao
- Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
| | - Yanrong Yin
- Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
| | - Lixin Zhang
- Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
| | - Cuidi Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Changsheng Liu
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
- Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
- Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
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Kresnoadi U, Nizar M, Soekobagiono. Increased Expression of RUNX2 and ALP Resulting from a Combination of Propolis Extract and Bovine Bone Graft in Socket Preservation Material. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902022e20273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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18
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Lin B, Pan Z. Consensus gene modules related to levels of bone mineral density (BMD) among smokers and nonsmokers. Bioengineered 2021; 12:10134-10146. [PMID: 34743649 PMCID: PMC8810040 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2000746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis, as a common metabolic disorder characterized by the decrease of bone mass, can cause fractures, thereby threatening the life quality of females, especially postmenopausal women. Thus, it is necessary to reveal the genes involved in osteoporosis and explore biomarkers for osteoporosis. In this study, two groups, smokers and nonsmokers with different bone mineral density (BMD) levels, were collected from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database GSE13850. Consensus modules of the two groups were identified; the variety of gene modules between smokers and nonsmokers with different BMD levels was observed; and a consensus module, including 390 genes significantly correlated with different BMD levels, was identified. Function analysis revealed the significantly enriched osteoporosis-related pathways, such as the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Hub genes analysis revealed the critical role of CXCL12 and CHRM2 in modules related to BMD levels. Based on the support vector machine recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE) analysis, the model containing 10 genes (TNS4, IRF2, BSG, GZMM, ARRB2, COX15, RALY, TP53, RPS6KA3, and SYNPO) with good performance in identifying people with different BMD levels was constructed. Among them, the roles of RALY and SYNPO in the osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs were verified experimentally. Overall, this study provides a strategy to explore the biomarkers for osteoporosis through analysis of consensus modules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingyuan Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhijun Pan
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Huai Y, Zhang WJ, Wang W, Dang K, Jiang SF, Li DM, Li M, Hao Q, Miao ZP, Li Y, Qian AR. Systems pharmacology dissection of action mechanisms for herbs in osteoporosis treatment. CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINES 2021; 13:313-331. [PMID: 36118922 PMCID: PMC9476722 DOI: 10.1016/j.chmed.2021.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Osteoporosis has become the biggest cause of non-fatal health issue. Currently, the limitations of traditional anti-osteoporosis drugs such as long-term ill-effects and drug resistance, have raised concerns toward complementary and alternative therapies, particularly herbal medicines and their natural active compounds. Thus, this study aimed to provide an integrative analysis of active chemicals, drug targets and interacting pathways of the herbs for osteoporosis treatment. Methods Here, we introduced a systematic pharmacology model, combining the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) screening model, drug targeting and network pharmacology, to probe into the therapeutic mechanisms of herbs in osteoporosis. Results We obtained 86 natural compounds with favorable pharmacokinetic profiles and their 58 targets from seven osteoporosis-related herbs. Network analysis revealed that they probably synergistically work through multiple mechanisms, such as suppressing inflammatory response, maintaining bone metabolism or improving organism immunity, to benefit patients with osteoporosis. Furthermore, experimental results showed that all the five compounds (calycosin, asperosaponin VI, hederagenin, betulinic acid and luteolin) enhanced osteoblast proliferation and differentiation in vitro, which corroborated the validity of this system pharmacology approach. Notably, gentisin and aureusidin among the identified compounds were first predicted to be associated with osteoporosis. Conclusion Herbs and their natural compounds, being characterized as the classical combination therapies, might be engaged in multiple mechanisms to coordinately improve the osteoporosis symptoms. This work may contribute to offer novel strategies and clues for the therapy and drug discovery of osteoporosis and other complex diseases.
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Xu YH, Sun YC, Liu J, Li HX, Huang CY, Pang YY, Wu T, Hu X. Serum Pharmacochemistry Analysis Combined with Network Pharmacology Approach to Investigate the Antiosteoporosis Effect of Xianlinggubao Capsule in vivo. PHARMACEUTICAL FRONTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1726301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractXianlinggubao capsule (XLGB) is a traditional Chinese medicine multi-component herbal prescription and has been widely used in osteoporosis (OP) treatment. However, the underlying anti-OP mechanisms of XLGB have not been fully studied. In this study, an ovariectomized rat model of OP was established. The OP rats were orally administrated with XLGB, and then the main absorbed components in serum sample were assessed based on liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Subsequently, the potential anti-OP markers in XLGB were screened based on a network pharmacology strategy. Molecular docking analysis was used for confirmation. LC-MS showed 22 absorbed components in the serum sample of OP rat with XLGB treatment. Network pharmacology and pathway analysis suggested 19 potential anti-OP markers in XLGB. According to molecular docking process, most of the potential markers displayed strong interactions with the 22 absorbed components mentioned above. Besides, an absorbed component–potential marker–pathway network was further established. In conclusion, our data suggested the possible mechanisms for XLGB in OP treatment, in which the “multicomponents, multitargets, and multipathways” participated. Our article provided possible direction for drug discovery in OP and could help for exploring novel application of XLGB in clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Hui Xu
- State Key Lab. of New Drug and Pharmaceutical Process, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Chun Sun
- Sinopharm Group Tongjitang (Guizhou) Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Guiyang, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Efong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Liu
- State Key Lab. of New Drug and Pharmaceutical Process, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Xin Li
- Sinopharm Group Tongjitang (Guizhou) Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Guiyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Yue Huang
- State Key Lab. of New Drug and Pharmaceutical Process, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Pang
- Sinopharm Group Tongjitang (Guizhou) Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Guiyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Wu
- State Key Lab. of New Drug and Pharmaceutical Process, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Hu
- State Key Lab. of New Drug and Pharmaceutical Process, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Sinopharm Group Tongjitang (Guizhou) Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Guiyang, People's Republic of China
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21
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Tang H, Hosein A, Mattioli-Belmonte M. Traditional Chinese Medicine and orthopedic biomaterials: Host of opportunities from herbal extracts. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 120:111760. [PMID: 33545901 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The role of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), especially herbs or herbal extracts, in treating diseases has received increasing attention. This review focuses on the use of herbal extracts as signaling molecules and functional materials in the field of orthopedics, biomaterial science and bone tissue engineering strategies. A literature review using both Chinese and English references on herbs and herbal extracts based on TCM theory used in orthopedics and biomaterial science was performed. We discuss the efficacy of herbs, the active extracts from these herbs, the combination of herbal extracts and biomaterials and, finally, the application of herbal extracts to the biomaterials specific to orthopedics. Only a few studies have confirmed the feasibility of applying herbal extracts to biomaterials to improve the role of biomaterials and/or optimize drug delivery and release in orthopedics. In this context, this review reveals a new and promising direction for herbal extracts, where the use of herbal extracts based on TCM systemic treatment, can change the limited modern medicine view of biomaterials as "only for local treatment" when considering its efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Tang
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy; First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Andrell Hosein
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Monica Mattioli-Belmonte
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
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22
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Niu YT, Xie L, Deng RR, Zhang XY. In the presence of TGF-β1, Asperosaponin VI promotes human mesenchymal stem cell differentiation into nucleus pulposus like- cells. BMC Complement Med Ther 2021; 21:32. [PMID: 33446173 PMCID: PMC7807821 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-03169-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The regeneration of nucleus pulposus (NP) cells is an effective method to prevent intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). In this study, we investigated the role of Asperosaponin VI (ASA VI), isolated from a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), the root of Dipsacus asper Wall, in promoting human mesenchymal stem cell (HMSC) proliferation and differentiation into NP-like cells and explored the possible mechanism of action. Methods The effects of ASA VI on HMSC viability and proliferation were determined by the XTT method and EDU staining. Then, Real-time qPCR, immunocytochemistry and immunofluorescence assays were used to measure the effect of ASA VI on the expression of extracellular matrix (ECM) components, such as COL2A1, aggrecan, SOX9, KRT19, PAX1, and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), in NP cells. In addition, Western blot assay was used to measure the expression of p-ERK1/2 and p-smad2/3. Results ASA VI was able to promote the proliferation and differentiation of HMSCs into NP-like cells, and the optimum concentration was 1 mg/L. Western blot assay indicated that the possible mechanism might be related to the activation of p-ERK1 / 2 and p-Smad2 / 3. Conclusions ASA VI can promote the proliferation and differentiation of HMSCs into NP-like cells, which can potentially be used as a treatment for IVDD. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12906-020-03169-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Tao Niu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lin Xie
- Department of Spine Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Rong-Rong Deng
- Department of Spine Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, Jiangsu, China
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23
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Li H, Wu R, Yu H, Zheng Q, Chen Y. Bioactive Herbal Extracts of Traditional Chinese Medicine Applied with the Biomaterials: For the Current Applications and Advances in the Musculoskeletal System. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:778041. [PMID: 34776987 PMCID: PMC8581265 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.778041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has demonstrated superior therapeutic effect for musculoskeletal diseases for thousands of years. Recently, the herbal extracts of TCM have received rapid advances in musculoskeletal tissue engineering (MTE). A literature review collecting both English and Chinese references on bioactive herbal extracts of TCM in biomaterial-based approaches was performed. This review provides an up-to-date overview of application of TCMs in the field of MTE, involving regulation of multiple signaling pathways in osteogenesis, angiogenesis, anti-inflammation, and chondrogenesis. Meanwhile, we highlight the potential advantages of TCM, opening the possibility of its extensive application in MTE. Overall, the superiority of traditional Chinese medicine turns it into an attractive candidate for coupling with advanced additive manufacturing technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haotao Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Rongjie Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Haiyang Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiujian Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Qiujian Zheng, ; Yuanfeng Chen,
| | - Yuanfeng Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Research Department of Medical Science, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Qiujian Zheng, ; Yuanfeng Chen,
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24
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Lan Y, Jin Q, Xie H, Yan C, Ye Y, Zhao X, Chen Z, Xie Z. Exosomes Enhance Adhesion and Osteogenic Differentiation of Initial Bone Marrow Stem Cells on Titanium Surfaces. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:583234. [PMID: 33224950 PMCID: PMC7674173 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.583234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Successful osseointegration involves the biological behavior of bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) on an implant surface; however, the role of BMSC-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs)/exosomes in osseointegration is little known. This study aimed to: (i) explore the interaction force between exosomes (Exo) and cells on a titanium surface; (ii) discuss whether the morphology and biological behavior of BMSCs are affected by exosomes; and (iii) preliminarily investigate the mechanism by which exosomes regulate cells on Ti surface. Exosomes secreted by rat BMSCs were collected by ultracentrifugation and analyzed using transmission electron microscopy and nanoparticle tracking analysis. Confocal fluorescence microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction techniques, and alkaline phosphatase bioactivity, Alizarin Red staining, and quantification were used to investigate the exosomes that adhere to the Ti plates under different treatments as well as the morphological change, adhesion, spread, and differentiation of BMSCs. We found that exosomes were efficiently internalized and could regulate cell morphology and promoted the adhesion, spreading, and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. These were achieved partly by activating the RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway. Our discovery presents a new insight into the positive regulatory effect of exosomes on the biological behaviors of BMSCs on Ti surface and provides a novel route to modify the surface of a Ti implant.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Zhuo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhijian Xie
- Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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25
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Kresnoadi U, Lunardhi LC, Agustono B. Propolis extract and bovine bone graft combination in the expression of VEGF and FGF2 on the preservation of post extraction socket. J Indian Prosthodont Soc 2020; 20:417-423. [PMID: 33487970 PMCID: PMC7814688 DOI: 10.4103/jips.jips_106_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To determine the potential of propolis extract and BBG combination on the quantity of fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and osteoblasts in the preservation of tooth extraction socket on days 3 and 7. Settings and Design: Laboratory in vivo reseach using animal model. Materials and Methods: Fifty-six Cavia cobaya were divided into eight groups containing seven animals in each group. The extraction socket on the lower left incisor was filled with polyethylene glycol (PEG) at a concentration of 2% (Groups I and II) as a control; active materials consisted of propolis extract and PEG (Groups III and IV); active materials consisted of BBG and PEG (Groups V and VI); and active materials consisted of propolis extract, BBG, and PEG (Groups VII and VIII). Then, an examination was done using immunohistochemistry to perform an expression of VEGF, FGF2, as well as histology of osteoblasts. Statistical Analysis Used: The statistical analysis performed using a one-way ANOVA and Tukey's honestly significant difference test. Results: Propolis extract, BBG and PEG had the most significant result related to the formation of FGF2, VEGF, and osteoblasts. Conclusion: The combination of propolis extract with BBG and PEG in socket preservation is effective in increasing the expression of FGF2, VEGF, and osteoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Utari Kresnoadi
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Louisa Christy Lunardhi
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Bambang Agustono
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
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26
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Shi Y, Shu H, Wang X, Zhao H, Lu C, Lu A, He X. Potential Advantages of Bioactive Compounds Extracted From Traditional Chinese Medicine to Inhibit Bone Destructions in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:561962. [PMID: 33117162 PMCID: PMC7577042 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.561962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone destruction is an important pathological feature of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which finally leads to the serious decline of life quality in RA patients. Bone metabolism imbalance is the principal factor of bone destruction in RA, which is manifested by excessive osteoclast-mediated bone resorption and inadequate osteoblast-mediated bone formation. Although current drugs alleviate the process of bone destruction to a certain extent, there are still many deficiencies. Recent studies have shown that traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) could effectively suppress bone destruction of RA. Some bioactive compounds from TCM have shown good effect on inhibiting osteoclast differentiation and promoting osteoblast proliferation. This article reviews the research progress of bioactive compounds exacted from TCM in inhibiting bone destruction of RA, so as to provide references for further clinical and scientific research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Shi
- Shanghai Innovation Center of TCM Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Haiyang Shu
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hanxiao Zhao
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Lu
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Aiping Lu
- Shanghai Innovation Center of TCM Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,School of Chinese Medicine, Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Xiaojuan He
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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27
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Zhang J, Yi S, Li Y, Xiao C, Liu C, Jiang W, Yang C, Zhou T. The antidepressant effects of asperosaponin VI are mediated by the suppression of microglial activation and reduction of TLR4/NF-κB-induced IDO expression. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2020; 237:2531-2545. [PMID: 32488348 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-020-05553-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AIM Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO) is responsible for the progression of the kynurenine pathway, which has been implicated in the pathophysiology of inflammation-induced depression. It has been reported that asperosaponin VI (ASA VI) could play a neuroprotective role through anti-inflammatory and antioxidant. In this study, we examined the antidepressant effect of ASA VI in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated mice and further explored its molecular mechanism by looking into the microglial kynurenine pathway. METHODS To generate the model, LPS (0.83 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally to mice. The mice received ASA VI (10 mg/kg, 20 mg/kg, 40 mg/kg, and 80 mg/kg, i.p.) 30 min before LPS injection. Depressive-like behaviors were evaluated based on the duration of immobility in the forced swim test. Microglial activation and inflammatory cytokines were detected by immunohistochemistry, real-time PCR, and ELISA. The TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway and the expression of IDO, GluA2, and CamKIIβ were also measured by western blotting. RESULTS ASA VI exhibited significant antidepressant activity in the presence of LPS on immobility and latency times in the forced swim test. The LPS-induced activation of microglia and inflammatory response were inhibited by ASA VI, which showed a dose-dependent pattern. TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway also was suppressed by ASA VI in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of LPS-treated mice. Furthermore, ASA VI inhibited the increase in IDO protein expression and normalized the aberrant glutamate transmission in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex caused by LPS administration. CONCLUSION Our results propose a promising antidepressant effect for ASA VI possibly through the downregulation of IDO expression and normalization of the aberrant glutamate transmission. This remedying effect of ASA VI could be attributed to suppress microglia-mediated neuroinflammatory response via inhibiting the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinqiang Zhang
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Saini Yi
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Yahui Li
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Chenghong Xiao
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Chan Liu
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Weike Jiang
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Changgui Yang
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Tao Zhou
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China.
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28
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Lu C, Fan G, Wang D. Akebia Saponin D ameliorated kidney injury and exerted anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects in diabetic nephropathy by activation of NRF2/HO-1 and inhibition of NF-KB pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 84:106467. [PMID: 32344355 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN), a common microvascular complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), causes increasing mortality and morbidity due to its high prevalence and severe consequences. Hence, it is urgent to search for effective agents that provide new insights into novel molecular therapeutic targets for DN. This study was designed to investigate the critical role of Akebia saponin D (ASD) in kidney damage, inflammation and apoptosis of renal tubular cells in DN. To probe the protective effects of ASD on DN in vivo, diabetes mellitus model was established by intraperitoneal (ip) injection of STZ (60 mg/kg) for 5 days consecutively. Besides, HG-induced human renal tubular cells (HK-2) were used to analyze the defined effects and underlying mechanism of ASD on DN in vitro. Blood glucose, insulin, serum creatinine (Scr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), renal injury, inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis of renal tubular cells were respectively measured and evaluated. ASD prevented kidney damage, improved renal function and inflammatory reaction, ameliorated oxidative stress and inhibited apoptosis of renal tubular cells in DN mice via activation of NRF2/HO-1 pathway and inhibition of NF-KB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Lu
- Dongying People's Hospital, Dongying City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Guoxia Fan
- Dongying People's Hospital, Dongying City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Dianyun Wang
- Dongying People's Hospital, Dongying City, Shandong Province, China.
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29
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Tang XY, Gao MX, Xiao HH, Yun WJ, Dai Y, Yao ZH, Wong MS, Yao XS. Simultaneous Quantitative Analysis of Multiple Biotransformation Products of Xian-Ling-Gu-Bao, a Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription, with Rat Intestinal Microflora by Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography Tandem Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry. J Chromatogr Sci 2020; 58:494-503. [PMID: 32236407 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmaa012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Xian-Ling-Gu-Bao (XLGB), a famous traditional Chinese medicine prescription consisted of six herbal medicines, was used for prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in China. As an oral formulation, the multiple components contained in XLGB were inevitably biotransformed by the intestinal microflora before absorption via the gastrointestinal tract. However, the dynamic profiles of biotransformation products of XLGB remain unknown. In this paper, a rapid and sensitive ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry method was developed for the simultaneous quantitative analysis of multiple biotransformation products of XLGB with rat intestinal microflora. For 10 selected quantitative compounds, all calibration curves revealed good linearity (r2 > 0.99) within the sampling ranges considered. The whole intra- and inter-day precisions (as relative standard deviation) of all analytes were <13.5%, and the accuracies (as relative error) were in the range from −11.3 to 11.2%. The lower limits of quantification were 20, 10, 5, 20, 2, 2, 2, 5, 2 and 2 ng/mL for sweroside, timosaponin BII, epimedin C, asperosaponin VI, psoralen, isobavachin, icariside II, timosaponin AIII, isobavachalcone and icaritin, respectively. The matrix effects, extraction recoveries and stabilities were all satisfactory. Meanwhile, dynamic profiles of 21 additional biotransformation products were also monitored by their area-time curves. The analytical method was successfully applied to describe dynamic profiles of 31 biotransformation products of XLGB and the recipes with removal of a definite composed herbal medicine (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma or Rehmanniae Radix).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Yang Tang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, West Huangpu Avenue No.601, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Meng-Xue Gao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, West Huangpu Avenue No.601, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Hui-Hui Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Wei-Jing Yun
- College of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road No. 103, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yi Dai
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, West Huangpu Avenue No.601, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zhi-Hong Yao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, West Huangpu Avenue No.601, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Man-Sau Wong
- State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518057, China
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Xin-Sheng Yao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, West Huangpu Avenue No.601, Guangzhou 510632, China
- College of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road No. 103, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
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30
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Kim D, Liu QF, Jeong HJ, Han SH, Kim DI, Jeon S. A Modified Formulation of Sutaehwan Ameliorates Menopausal Anxiety, Depression and Heart Hypertrophy in the VCD-Induced Menopausal Mouse Model. Biol Pharm Bull 2020; 42:1471-1481. [PMID: 31474708 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b19-00056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Sutaehwan (STH) has been used in Korean medicine for the treatment of abortus habitualis such as fetal restlessness in the uterus. Previously, we reported that a modified formulation of STH, Sutaehwan-Gami, has phytoestrogen-like properties in an ovariectomized menopausal rat model. However, the therapeutic effects of STH and the precise mechanisms by which STH affects various menopausal symptoms remain poorly understood. The current study was designed to explore the effects of a modified form of STH on menopausal anxiety, depression and heart hypertrophy and its mechanisms in 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (VCD)-induced menopausal mouse models. VCD-induced menopausal model mice were fed a modified form of STH, which contained water extract of 3 herbs (called STH_KP17001) at a dose of 100 or 300 mg/kg/d or as a positive control, estradiol at a dose of 0.2 mg/kg/d with standard mouse pellets for 13 weeks. The results show that STH_KP17001 significantly restored the VCD-induced weight reduction of uterine and ovary through the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and protein kinase B (AKT) in the uterus and ovary. Moreover, STH_KP17001 showed slight proliferative effects and estrogen receptor α phosphorylation in MCF-7 cells. Treatment with STH_KP17001 reversed VCD-induced anxiety and depression through AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression in the cerebral cortex, while improving heart hypertrophy through inactivation of inhibitor of kappaB α (IκBα) in the heart. The results indicate that STH_KP17001 improves menopause-induced anxiety, depression and heart hypertrophy, implying its protective role for the management of menopausal symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deokho Kim
- Department of Korean Medicine, Graduate School of Dongguk University
| | - Quan Feng Liu
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Dongguk University
| | - Ha Jin Jeong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, BK21 PLUS Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists at Chonnam National University
| | | | - Dong-Il Kim
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University
| | - Songhee Jeon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, BK21 PLUS Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists at Chonnam National University
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31
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Simultaneous determination of multiple components in rat plasma and pharmacokinetic studies at a pharmacodynamic dose of Xian-Ling-Gu-Bao capsule by UPLC-MS/MS. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 177:112836. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.112836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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32
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Jiang X, Chen W, Shen F, Xiao W, Guo H, Su H, Xiu J, Sun W. Pinoresinol promotes MC3T3‑E1 cell proliferation and differentiation via the cyclic AMP/protein kinase A signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:2143-2150. [PMID: 31322181 PMCID: PMC6691241 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Estradiol (E2) is a first‑line drug for osteoporosis (OP) treatment via promotion of osteoblastic proliferation and differentiation. However, a long‑term use of E2 would produce side effects thus, it is imperative to discover safer and more effective drugs. Pinoresinol (PINO) has a similar chemical structure to E2. The present study aimed to investigate whether PINO could promote osteoblastic proliferation and differentiation and the potential mechanisms. After treatment with 0.1 µg/l PINO for 2 days, MC3T3‑E1 cell migration was assessed by wound healing assay. Estrogen (E2) treatment served as a positive control. RT‑qPCR and western blotting were used for mRNA and protein expression analyses. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assay and Alizarin red staining were performed to investigate the calcification and mineralization, and the cyclic AMP (cAMP) level was detected by enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). H89, an inhibitor of protein kinase A (PKA), was introduced to verify the role of cAMP/PKA in the effect of PINO on MC3T3‑E1 cells. Cell viability was the highest under 48 h of 0.1 µg/l PINO treatment. After treatment with PINO, a significant increase was observed in the migration rate and the expression of collagen type I (Col‑I), ALP, osteopontin (OPN), runt‑related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) and bone morphogenetic protein‑2 (BMP‑2) (P<0.01). The ALP activity and Alizarin red size in PINO and E2 groups were notably increased. The increased cAMP, PKA and phosphorylated cAMP response element‑binding protein (CREB) levels were also observed in the PINO group. Furthermore, H89 co‑treatment abolished the positive effects of PINO on cell viability and migration. PINO had similar effects to E2 on the osteoblastic proliferation and differentiation, and these positive effects may be attributed to the regulation of the cAMP/PKA signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Jiang
- Fifth Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161099, P.R. China
| | - Wenjing Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First Hospital of Qiqihar, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161000, P.R. China
| | - Fuguo Shen
- Fifth Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161099, P.R. China
| | - Wenlong Xiao
- Fifth Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161099, P.R. China
| | - Hongliang Guo
- Fifth Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161099, P.R. China
| | - Hang Su
- Fifth Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161099, P.R. China
| | - Jiang Xiu
- Fifth Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161099, P.R. China
| | - Wencai Sun
- Fifth Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161099, P.R. China
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Zhou P, Yang X, Yang Z, Huang W, Kou J, Li F. Akebia Saponin D Regulates the Metabolome and Intestinal Microbiota in High Fat Diet-Induced Hyperlipidemic Rats. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24071268. [PMID: 30939835 PMCID: PMC6479315 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24071268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia is a major component of metabolic syndrome, and regarded as one of the main risk factors causing metabolic diseases. We have developed a therapeutic drug, akebia saponin D (ASD), and determined its anti-hyperlipidemia activity and the potential mechanism(s) of action by analyzing the metabolome and intestinal microbiota. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a high fat diet to induce hyperlipidemia, and then given ASD orally for 8 weeks. Lipid levels in serum were determined biochemically. Metabolites in serum, urine and feces were analyzed by UPLC-Q/TOF-MS, and the structure of the intestinal microbiota was determined by 16S rRNA sequencing. The ASD treatment significantly decreased the levels of TC, TG and LDL-c and increased the serum level of HDL-c. Metabolomics analysis indicated that the ASD treatment mainly impacted seven differential metabolites in the serum, sixteen differential metabolites in the urine and four differential metabolites in feces compared to the model group. The ASD treatment significantly changed eight bacteria at the genus level compared to the model group. In conclusion, ASD treatment can significantly alleviate HFD-induced hyperlipidemia and the hypolipidemic effect of ASD treatment is certainly associated with a systematic change in the metabolism, as well as dynamic changes in the structure of the intestinal microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Xiaolin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical and Biological Marine Resources Research and Development of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Zhonglin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Wenzhe Huang
- Nanjing Research Institute, Jiangsu Kangyuan Pharmaceutical Co., LTD, Nanjing 211100, China.
| | - Junping Kou
- Jiangsu Key laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Complex TCM Prescriptions, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Fei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Park JY, Park SD, Koh YJ, Kim DI, Lee JH. Aqueous extract of Dipsacus asperoides suppresses lipopolysaccharide-stimulated inflammatory responses by inhibiting the ERK1/2 signaling pathway in RAW 264.7 macrophages. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 231:253-261. [PMID: 30415062 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Dipsaci Radix, which is the dried root of Dipsacus asperoides C. Y. Cheng and T. M. Ai (Dipsacaceae), is used to treat back pain and blood stasis syndrome in Korean traditional medicine. AIM OF THE STUDY To understand the mechanisms responsible for the pharmacological activities of D. asperoides, we investigated the inhibitory effect of D. asperoides on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in mouse macrophages RAW 264.7 cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Aqueous extract of D. asperoides (AEDA) was prepared by boiling D. asperoides in water and then administered to LPS treated RAW 264.7 cells. Cell viabilities were measured using an MTT assay, and protein levels were determined by western blotting. The ROS scavenging activity of AEDA was measured using a DCFH-DA assay and levels of nitric oxide (NO) were determined using a NO assay. The nuclear translocations of NF-κB and Nrf2 were investigated immunocytochemically, and pro-inflammatory cytokines in supernatant were evaluated by ELISA. RESULTS Treatment with AEDA suppressed the expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. AEDA also reduced ROS, pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-6 and IL-1β) levels, and iNOS-derived NO and COX-2-derived prostaglandin E2 release to medium, and suppressed the phosphorylation and degradation of IκB and the activation of NF-κB in macrophages. Furthermore, treatment with AEDA inhibited the ERK1/2 pathway but not the JNK or p38 MAPK pathways. In addition, AEDA significantly promoted Nrf2 translocation from cytoplasm to nucleus and up-regulated the expression of HO-1. CONCLUSION These results suggest that AEDA has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects through the inhibition of NF-κB and ERK1/2 and the activation of Nrf2/HO-1 in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Yeon Park
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Dong Park
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Jun Koh
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Il Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ju-Hee Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea.
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Wang YC, Chiang JH, Hsu HC, Tsai CH. Decreased fracture incidence with traditional Chinese medicine therapy in patients with osteoporosis: a nationwide population-based cohort study. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 19:42. [PMID: 30717733 PMCID: PMC6360787 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-019-2446-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are no published studies regarding the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for the prevention of osteoporotic fracture. Therefore, we conducted this nationwide, population-based cohort study to investigate the probable effect of TCM to decrease the fracture rate. METHODS We identified cases with osteoporosis and selected a comparison group that was frequency-matched according to sex, age (per 5 years), diagnosis year of osteoporosis, and index year. The difference between the two groups in the development of fracture was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and the log-rank test. RESULTS After inserting age, gender, urbanization level, and comorbidities into the Cox's proportional hazard model, patients who used TCM had a lower hazard ratio (HR) of fracture (adjusted HR: 0.47, 95% CI: 0.37-0.59) compared to the non-TCM user group. The Kaplan-Meier curves showed that osteoporosis patients who used TCM had a lower incidence of fracture events than those who did not (p < 0.00001). Our study also demonstrated that the longer the TCM use, the lesser the fracture rate. CONCLUSION Our study showed that TCM might have a positive impact on the prevention of osteoporotic fracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chi Wang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Huai Chiang
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, Research Center for Chinese Medicine and Acupuncture, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Cheng Hsu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- College of Post-baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hao Tsai
- Department of Orthopedics, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine and Department of Orthopedics, China Medical University, China Medical University Hospital, No.91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, Taiwan
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Pandey M, Kapila S, Kapila R, Trivedi R, Karvande A. Evaluation of the osteoprotective potential of whey derived-antioxidative (YVEEL) and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory (YLLF) bioactive peptides in ovariectomised rats. Food Funct 2019; 9:4791-4801. [PMID: 30128468 DOI: 10.1039/c8fo00620b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Milk contains various bioactive components with osteoanabolic properties. This study investigates the comparative effect of the whey-derived antioxidative (YVEEL) and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory (YLLF) bioactive peptides on bone remodelling in ovariectomised (OVX) osteoporotic rat model. OVX animals were administered with antioxidative (AO) (500 μg kg-1 day-1) and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory (ACE inhibitory) (50 μg kg-1 day-1) peptides for eight weeks. Trabecular microarchitectural parameters of femoral and tibiae bone were determined using micro-CT scan. Bone formation, resorption, turnover markers (ALP, RANKL, OCN) and inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, TGF-β, IFN-γ) were determined by ELISA. Both AO and ACE inhibitory peptides inhibited the increase in bone turnover and inflammatory cytokines while increased the bone formation markers. The altered morphometric parameters of femoral and tibiae bones due to OVX were strikingly attenuated by the peptide administration. The results indicated that AO peptide exerts more osteoprotective potential than ACE inhibitory peptide by suppressing inflammatory status and enhancing bone formation markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masum Pandey
- Animal Biochemistry Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India.
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Cheng CF, Lin YJ, Tsai FJ, Li TM, Lin TH, Liao CC, Huang SM, Liu X, Li MJ, Ban B, Liang WM, Lin JCF. Effects of Chinese Herbal Medicines on the Risk of Overall Mortality, Readmission, and Reoperation in Hip Fracture Patients. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:629. [PMID: 31244656 PMCID: PMC6581068 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hip fracture is a major public health concern, with high incidence rates in the elderly worldwide. Hip fractures are associated with increased medical costs, patient dependency on families, and higher rates of morbidity and mortality. Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) is typically characterized as cost-effective and suitable for long-term use with few side effects. To better understand the effects of CHM on hip fracture patients, we utilized a population-based database to investigate the demographic characteristics, cumulative incidence of overall mortality, readmission, reoperation, and patterns of CHM prescription. We found that CHM usage was associated with a lower risk of overall mortality [P = 0.0009; adjusted hazard ratio (HR): 0.47, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.30-0.73], readmission (P = 0.0345; adjusted HR: 0.67, 95% CI: 0.46-0.97), and reoperation (P = 0.0009; adjusted HR: 0.57, 95% CI: 0.40-0.79) after adjustment for age, type of hip fracture, surgical treatment type, and comorbidities. We also identified the herbal formulas, single herbs, and prescription patterns for the treatment of hip fracture by using association rule mining and network analysis. For hip fracture patients, the most common CHM coprescription pattern was Du-Zhong (DZ) → Xu-Duan (XD), followed by Du-Huo-Ji-Sheng-Tang (DHJST) → Shu-Jing-Huo-Xue-Tang (SJHXT), and Gu-Sui-Bu (GSB) → Xu-Duan (XD). Furthermore, XD was the core prescription, and DZ, GSB, SJHXT, and DHJST were important prescriptions located in cluster 1 of the prescription patterns. This study provides evidence for clinical CHM use as an adjunctive therapy that offers benefits to hip fracture patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Fung Cheng
- Genetic Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Ju Lin
- Genetic Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Fuu-Jen Tsai
- Genetic Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Te-Mao Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Hsu Lin
- Genetic Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Chu Liao
- Genetic Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Mei Huang
- Genetic Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Xiang Liu
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Ming-Ju Li
- Graduate Institute of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Bo Ban
- Chinese Research Center for Behavior Medicine in Growth and Development, Jining, China
| | - Wen-Miin Liang
- Graduate Institute of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Wen-Miin Liang, ; Jeff Chien-Fu Lin,
| | - Jeff Chien-Fu Lin
- Department of Statistics, National Taipei University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Wen-Miin Liang, ; Jeff Chien-Fu Lin,
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Tao Y, Huang S, Li W, Cai B. Simultaneous Determination of Ten Bioactive Components in Raw and Processed RadixDipsaciby UPLC-Q-TOF-MS. J Chromatogr Sci 2018; 57:122-129. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmy093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Tao
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Surun Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Processing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Weidong Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Processing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Baochang Cai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Processing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
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Zhou W, Shi K, Ji L, Wu R, Chen Y, Tu H, Zhou B, Wang Z, Zhang M. Inhibition of Phospholipase D1 mRNA Expression Slows Down the Proliferation Rate of Prostate Cancer Cells That Have Transited to Androgen Independence. J Cancer 2018; 9:3620-3625. [PMID: 30310520 PMCID: PMC6171019 DOI: 10.7150/jca.26689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
To explore the role of phospholipase D1 (PLD1) mRNA in transition of prostate cancer (PCa) cells to androgen independence, we used Arraystar Human LncRNA Microarray V3.0 to detect and compare the differential expression of PLD1 and its signaling pathway-related gene in standard androgen dependence prostate cancer (ADPC) cell line LNCaP before and after the occurrence of androgen independence prostate cancer (AIPC) transition. In addition, we used the shRNA lentiviral vector to inhibit the PLD1 mRNA expression and observed its effect on LNCaP cell proliferation after AIPC transition by using MTS method. The results showed that the expression level of PLD1 mRNA was increased by 373-fold after AIPC transition (P<0.05); the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway-related gene expression was also elevated (P<0.05); the growth rate of LNCaP cells that had transited to androgen independence was reduced by about 30% when the PLD1 mRNA expression was inhibited by the shRNA lentivirus as compared with the negative control group (P<0.05). All these results suggest that PLD1 mRNA and the related PI3K/AKT signaling pathway may play an important role in AIPC. Down-regulating the expression of PLD1 mRNA could to some extent inhibit the proliferation rate of PCa cells after AIPC transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Zhou
- Department of Medical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Keqing Shi
- Liver Disease Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Wenzhou, 325000,China
| | - Lili Ji
- Department of Medical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Ruihao Wu
- Department of Medical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Yuehui Chen
- Department of Medical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Hongxiang Tu
- Department of Medical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Beibei Zhou
- Department of Medical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Zhongyong Wang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Meijuan Zhang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Wenzhou, 325000, China
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Wang Y, Shen J, Yang X, Jin Y, Yang Z, Wang R, Zhang F, Linhardt RJ. Akebia saponin D reverses corticosterone hypersecretion in an Alzheimer's disease rat model. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 107:219-225. [PMID: 30092401 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.07.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 07/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glucocorticoid hormones are implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other diseases including diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and osteoporosis. Akebia saponin D (ASD) possesses numerous pharmacological activities, including as an anti-AD, anti-hyperlipidemia, anti-diabetes, and anti-osteoporosis agent. The anti-AD effect of ASD is possibly through its regulation of glucocorticoid levels. PURPOSE The present study was undertaken to investigate the neuroprotective effects of ASD on Aβ25-35-induced cognitive deficits and to elucidate its underlying mechanism of action. METHODS The AD rat model was established by an intracerebroventricular injection of Aβ25-35 into the lateral ventricles. Spatial learning and anxiety state were assessed by Morris water maze task and elevated plus-maze assay, respectively. The degree of hypertrophy of adrenal gland was analyzed using the viscera coefficient. Corticosterone and ACTH concentrations in the plasm were measured using biochemical assay kits. The activity of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type-1 (11β-HSD1) in liver and groin fat pad was assessed by measuring cortisol production. RESULTS Compared with the control group, AD rats displayed significant spatial learning and reference memory impairments, serious anxiety disorders, obvious hypertrophy of adrenal gland, elevated corticosterone and ACTH levels in the plasma, and increased 11β-HSD1 activity in liver and groin fat pad. ASD could significantly ameliorate the memory deficits and anxiety symptoms, markedly reduce the viscera coefficient of adrenal gland, observably decrease corticosterone and ACTH concentrations, and showed no effect on the activity of 11β-HSD1. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that ASD might exert a significant neuroprotective effect on cognitive impairment, driven in part by reducing systemic corticosterone level by down-regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Jinyang Shen
- State Key laboratory of natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaolin Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Research and Development in Marine Bio-resource Pharmaceutics, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Ye Jin
- Pharmacy Department, Yangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zhonglin Yang
- State Key laboratory of natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rufeng Wang
- Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Material Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA.
| | - Fuming Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Robert J Linhardt
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA; Department of Chemistry, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA; Departments of Biology, Biomedical Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
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Ou Z, Cheng Q, Chen Y, Chen T, Rong X, Long F, Zhang X, Liang Q, Feng Z. Chemical characterization of wound ointment (WO) and its effects on fracture repair: a rabbit model. Chin Med 2017; 12:31. [PMID: 29093746 PMCID: PMC5661936 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-017-0152-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Wound ointment (WO), a kind of Chinese medicine, can significantly promote fracture healing. The study aimed at analyzing the chemical composition and the effects of WO on fracture of rabbits and tried to explore the corresponding molecular mechanism in cytokine. Methods The qualitative and quantitative analysis of WO was conducted by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC–MS). Fifty-four Zealand mature male rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups: Control group, Yunnan Baiyao (YB) group and WO group. All the rabbits suffered a fracture of right radius and were then stabilized with an external fixator. Treated with different methods, fracture healing was observed. The bone specimens were subjected to radiograph, immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis, hematoxylin–eosin staining (HE), western blot and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results A total of 12 active compositions were detected by LC–MS. Radiographs showed a considerably better bone healing and remodeling of the fracture in WO group. HE experiments showed that a large number of osteoclasts appeared in the early stage when treated with WO. In immunohistochemistry (IHC), western blot and ELISA test, significant increases in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression were observed in WO group compared with other two groups. Conclusions Wound ointment contained active compositions which efficiently promoted fracture healing through increasing the expression of VEGF. Trial Registration Not applicable Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13020-017-0152-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixue Ou
- Department of Traumatic Orthopedics and Hand Surgery, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Block B, No 10 Huadong Road, Nanning, 530011 Guangxi China
| | - Qi Cheng
- Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, Daye Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Daye, 435100 Hubei China
| | - Yueping Chen
- Department of Traumatic Orthopedics and Hand Surgery, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Block B, No 10 Huadong Road, Nanning, 530011 Guangxi China
| | - Tao Chen
- Department of Traumatic Orthopedics and Hand Surgery, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Block B, No 10 Huadong Road, Nanning, 530011 Guangxi China
| | - Xiangbin Rong
- Department of Traumatic Orthopedics and Hand Surgery, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Block B, No 10 Huadong Road, Nanning, 530011 Guangxi China
| | - Feipan Long
- Department of Traumatic Orthopedics and Hand Surgery, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Block B, No 10 Huadong Road, Nanning, 530011 Guangxi China
| | - Xiaoyun Zhang
- Department of Traumatic Orthopedics and Hand Surgery, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Block B, No 10 Huadong Road, Nanning, 530011 Guangxi China
| | - Qinghua Liang
- Department of Traumatic Orthopedics and Hand Surgery, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Block B, No 10 Huadong Road, Nanning, 530011 Guangxi China
| | - Zhe Feng
- Department of Traumatic Orthopedics and Hand Surgery, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Block B, No 10 Huadong Road, Nanning, 530011 Guangxi China
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