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Alzhrani AA, Rasool M, Karim S, Alhejin A, Haque A, Morsi M, Alama MN, Pushparaj PN. KDM3A knockdown regulates COMP, LOX, COL8A1 and ACOT1 genes in myocardial fibrosis. Bioinformation 2024; 20:305-313. [PMID: 38854759 PMCID: PMC11161882 DOI: 10.6026/973206300200305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the main causes of death in Saudi Arabia. Cardiac remodeling plays a critical role in the pathophysiology of heart failure. Major focus of our study was to identify crucial genes involved in the pathological remodeling of the heart caused by pressure overload. We utilized various in-silico tools to analyze and interpret microarray data obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database (GSE120739), including GEO2R analysis, Metascape analysis, WebGestalt analysis, and IPA (Ingenuity pathway analysis). Our findings indicate that certain genes, including Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein (COMP), collagen type VIII alpha 1 chain (COL8A1) and Lysyl Oxidase (LOX) under the influence caused by knockdown of KDM3A, were down regulated by the extracellular matrix pathway. Moreover, genes, such as Acyl-CoA Thioesterase 1 (ACOT1) were up regulated by the fatty acid metabolism pathway. Overexpression of lysine-specific demethylase 3A (KDM3A) leads to the up regulation of fibrosis-related genes COMP, COL8A1, and LOX and the down regulation of ACOT1, result in enhanced fibrosis and heart failure. Our results suggest that COMP, COL8A1, LOX, and ACOT1 warrant further investigation in the development of cardiac fibrosis and as potential biomarkers for causing heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abrar A Alzhrani
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmood Rasool
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sajjad Karim
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Alhejin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Absarul Haque
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Morsi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Nabil Alama
- Department of Cardiology, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Peter Natesan Pushparaj
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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2
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Akagi K, Baba S, Fujita H, Fuseya Y, Yoshinaga D, Kubota H, Kume E, Fukumura F, Matsuda K, Tanaka T, Hirata T, Saito MK, Iwai K, Takita J. HOIL-1L deficiency induces cell cycle alteration which causes immaturity of skeletal muscle and cardiomyocytes. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8871. [PMID: 38632277 PMCID: PMC11024103 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57504-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
HOIL-1L deficiency was recently reported to be one of the causes of myopathy and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). However, the mechanisms by which myopathy and DCM develop have not been clearly elucidated. Here, we sought to elucidate these mechanisms using the murine myoblast cell line C2C12 and disease-specific human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). Myotubes differentiated from HOIL-1L-KO C2C12 cells exhibited deteriorated differentiation and mitotic cell accumulation. CMs differentiated from patient-derived hiPSCs had an abnormal morphology with a larger size and were excessively multinucleated compared with CMs differentiated from control hiPSCs. Further analysis of hiPSC-derived CMs showed that HOIL-1L deficiency caused cell cycle alteration and mitotic cell accumulation. These results demonstrate that abnormal cell maturation possibly contribute to the development of myopathy and DCM. In conclusion, HOIL-1L is an important intrinsic regulator of cell cycle-related myotube and CM maturation and cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Akagi
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto City, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Shiro Baba
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto City, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
| | - Hiroaki Fujita
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshidakonoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto City, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Fuseya
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshidakonoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto City, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Daisuke Yoshinaga
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto City, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Hirohito Kubota
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshidakonoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto City, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Eitaro Kume
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto City, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Fukumura
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto City, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Koichi Matsuda
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto City, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Takayuki Tanaka
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto City, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Takuya Hirata
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto City, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Megumu K Saito
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto City, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Iwai
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshidakonoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto City, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Junko Takita
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto City, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
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3
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Kmiotek-Wasylewska K, Bobis-Wozowicz S, Karnas E, Orpel M, Woźnicka O, Madeja Z, Dawn B, Zuba-Surma EK. Anti-inflammatory, Anti-fibrotic and Pro-cardiomyogenic Effects of Genetically Engineered Extracellular Vesicles Enriched in miR-1 and miR-199a on Human Cardiac Fibroblasts. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2023; 19:2756-2773. [PMID: 37700183 PMCID: PMC10661813 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-023-10621-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Emerging evidence indicates that stem cell (SC)- derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) carrying bioactive miRNAs are able to repair damaged or infarcted myocardium and ameliorate adverse remodeling. Fibroblasts represent a major cell population responsible for scar formation in the damaged heart. However, the effects of EVs on cardiac fibroblast (CFs) biology and function has not been investigated. OBJECTIVE To analyze the biological impact of stem cell-derived EVs (SC-EVs) enriched in miR-1 and miR-199a on CFs and to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS AND RESULTS Genetically engineered human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPS) and umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) expressing miR-1 or miR-199a were used to produce miR-EVs. Cells and EVs were thoughtfully analyzed for miRNA expression using RT-qPCR method. Both hiPS-miRs-EVs and UC-MSC-miRs-EVs effectively transferred miRNAs to recipient CFs, however, hiPS-miRs-EVs triggered cardiomyogenic gene expression in CFs more efficiently than UC-MSC-miRs-EVs. Importantly, hiPS-miR-1-EVs exhibited cytoprotective effects on CFs by reducing apoptosis, decreasing levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (CCL2, IL-1β, IL-8) and downregulating the expression of a pro-fibrotic gene - α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). Notably, we identified a novel role of miR-199a-3p delivered by hiPS-EVs to CFs, in triggering the expression of cardiomyogenic genes (NKX2.5, TNTC, MEF2C) and ion channels involved in cardiomyocyte contractility (HCN2, SCN5A, KCNJ2, KCND3). By targeting SERPINE2, miR-199a-3p may reduce pro-fibrotic properties of CFs, whereas miR-199a-5p targeted BCAM and TSPAN6, which may be implicated in downregulation of inflammation. CONCLUSIONS hiPS-EVs carrying miR-1 and miR-199a attenuate apoptosis and pro-fibrotic and pro-inflammatory activities of CFs, and increase cardiomyogenic gene expression. These finding serve as rationale for targeting fibroblasts with novel EV-based miRNA therapies to improve heart repair after myocardial injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Kmiotek-Wasylewska
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Sylwia Bobis-Wozowicz
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Karnas
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Monika Orpel
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Olga Woźnicka
- Department of Cell Biology and Imaging, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Madeja
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Buddhadeb Dawn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kirk Kerkorian School of Medicine at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas, 1701 W Charleston Blvd., Las Vegas, NV, 89102, USA
| | - Ewa K Zuba-Surma
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Krakow, Poland.
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4
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Quinn C, Rico MC, Merali C, Barrero CA, Perez-Leal O, Mischley V, Karanicolas J, Friedman SL, Merali S. Secreted folate receptor γ drives fibrogenesis in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis by amplifying TGFβ signaling in hepatic stellate cells. Sci Transl Med 2023; 15:eade2966. [PMID: 37756380 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.ade2966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic fibrosis is the primary determinant of mortality in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH). Transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ), a master profibrogenic cytokine, is a promising therapeutic target that has not yet been translated into an effective therapy in part because of liabilities associated with systemic TGFβ antagonism. We have identified that soluble folate receptor γ (FOLR3), which is expressed in humans but not in rodents, is a secreted protein that is elevated in the livers of patients with MASH but not in those with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, those with type II diabetes, or healthy individuals. Global proteomics showed that FOLR3 was the most highly significant MASH-specific protein and was positively correlated with increasing fibrosis stage, consistent with stimulation of activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), which are the key fibrogenic cells in the liver. Exposure of HSCs to exogenous FOLR3 led to elevated extracellular matrix (ECM) protein production, an effect synergistically potentiated by TGFβ1. We found that FOLR3 interacts with the serine protease HTRA1, a known regulator of TGFBR, and activates TGFβ signaling. Administration of human FOLR3 to mice induced severe bridging fibrosis and an ECM pattern resembling human MASH. Our study thus uncovers a role of FOLR3 in enhancing fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor Quinn
- Temple University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, PA 19140 USA
| | - Mario C Rico
- Temple University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, PA 19140 USA
| | - Carmen Merali
- Temple University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, PA 19140 USA
| | - Carlos A Barrero
- Temple University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, PA 19140 USA
| | - Oscar Perez-Leal
- Temple University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, PA 19140 USA
| | - Victoria Mischley
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
- Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA
| | - John Karanicolas
- Temple University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, PA 19140 USA
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
| | - Scott L Friedman
- Division of Liver Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Salim Merali
- Temple University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, PA 19140 USA
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5
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Anderson-Crannage M, Ascensión AM, Ibanez-Solé O, Zhu H, Schaefer E, Ottomanelli D, Hochberg B, Pan J, Luo W, Tian M, Chu Y, Cairo MS, Izeta A, Liao Y. Inflammation-mediated fibroblast activation and immune dysregulation in collagen VII-deficient skin. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1211505. [PMID: 37809094 PMCID: PMC10557493 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1211505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is known to play a critical role in all stages of tumorigenesis; however, less is known about how it predisposes the tissue microenvironment preceding tumor formation. Recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB), a skin-blistering disease secondary to COL7A1 mutations and associated with chronic wounding, inflammation, fibrosis, and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), models this dynamic. Here, we used single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) to analyze gene expression patterns in skin cells from a mouse model of RDEB. We uncovered a complex landscape within the RDEB dermal microenvironment that exhibited altered metabolism, enhanced angiogenesis, hyperproliferative keratinocytes, infiltration and activation of immune cell populations, and inflammatory fibroblast priming. We demonstrated the presence of activated neutrophil and Langerhans cell subpopulations and elevated expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 in T cells and antigen-presenting cells, respectively. Unsupervised clustering within the fibroblast population further revealed two differentiation pathways in RDEB fibroblasts, one toward myofibroblasts and the other toward a phenotype that shares the characteristics of inflammatory fibroblast subsets in other inflammatory diseases as well as the IL-1-induced inflammatory cancer-associated fibroblasts (iCAFs) reported in various cancer types. Quantitation of inflammatory cytokines indicated dynamic waves of IL-1α, TGF-β1, TNF, IL-6, and IFN-γ concentrations, along with dermal NF-κB activation preceding JAK/STAT signaling. We further demonstrated the divergent and overlapping roles of these cytokines in inducing inflammatory phenotypes in RDEB patients as well as RDEB mouse-derived fibroblasts together with their healthy controls. In summary, our data have suggested a potential role of inflammation, driven by the chronic release of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1, in creating an immune-suppressed dermal microenvironment that underlies RDEB disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan Anderson-Crannage
- Department of Pediatrics, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Alex M. Ascensión
- Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Tissue Engineering Group, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Olga Ibanez-Solé
- Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Tissue Engineering Group, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Hongwen Zhu
- Department of Research & Development, Guizhou Atlasus Technology Co., Ltd., Guiyang, China
| | - Edo Schaefer
- Department of Pediatrics, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Darcy Ottomanelli
- Department of Pediatrics, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Bruno Hochberg
- Department of Pediatrics, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Jian Pan
- Department of Pediatrics, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Wen Luo
- Department of Pediatrics, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Meijuan Tian
- Department of Pediatrics, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Yaya Chu
- Department of Pediatrics, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Mitchell S. Cairo
- Department of Pediatrics, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
- Department of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Ander Izeta
- Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Tissue Engineering Group, San Sebastian, Spain
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Science, School of Engineering, Tecnun University of Navarra, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Yanling Liao
- Department of Pediatrics, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
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6
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Liu J, Chen H, Li X, Song C, Wang L, Wang D. Micro-Executor of Natural Products in Metabolic Diseases. Molecules 2023; 28:6202. [PMID: 37687031 PMCID: PMC10488769 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases are the major chronic metabolic diseases that threaten human health. In order to combat these epidemics, there remains a desperate need for effective, safe, and easily available therapeutic strategies. Recently, the development of natural product research has provided new methods and options for these diseases. Numerous studies have demonstrated that microRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of metabolic diseases, and natural products can improve lipid and glucose metabolism disorders and cardiovascular diseases by regulating the expression of miRNAs. In this review, we present the recent advances involving the associations between miRNAs and natural products and the current evidence showing the positive effects of miRNAs for natural product treatment in metabolic diseases. We also encourage further research to address the relationship between miRNAs and natural products under physiological and pathological conditions, thus leading to stronger support for drug development from natural products in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxin Liu
- Food and Pharmacy College, Xuchang University, Xuchang 461000, China; (J.L.); (C.S.)
| | - Huanwen Chen
- Center for Agricultural and Rural Development, Zhangdian District, Zibo 255000, China;
| | - Xiaoli Li
- Zibo Digital Agriculture and Rural Development Center, Zibo 255000, China;
| | - Chunmei Song
- Food and Pharmacy College, Xuchang University, Xuchang 461000, China; (J.L.); (C.S.)
| | - Li Wang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Deguo Wang
- Food and Pharmacy College, Xuchang University, Xuchang 461000, China; (J.L.); (C.S.)
- Key Laboratory of Biomarker Based Rapid-Detection Technology for Food Safety of Henan Province, Xuchang University, Xuchang 461000, China
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7
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Cordova-Gomez A, Wong AP, Sims LB, Doncel GF, Dorflinger LJ. Potential biomarkers to predict return to fertility after discontinuation of female contraceptives-looking to the future. FRONTIERS IN REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH 2023; 5:1210083. [PMID: 37674657 PMCID: PMC10477712 DOI: 10.3389/frph.2023.1210083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays there are multiple types of contraceptive methods, from reversible to permanent, for those choosing to delay pregnancy. Misconceptions about contraception and infertility are a key factor for discontinuation or the uptake of family planning methods. Regaining fertility (the ability to conceive) after contraceptive discontinuation is therefore pivotal. Technical studies to date have evaluated return to fertility by assessing pregnancy as an outcome, with variable results, or return to ovulation as a surrogate measure by assessing hormone levels (such as progesterone, LH, FSH) with or without transvaginal ultrasound. In general, relying on time to pregnancy as an indicator of return to fertility following contraceptive method discontinuation can be problematic due to variable factors independent of contraceptive effects on fertility, hormone clearance, and fertility recovery. Since the ability to conceive after contraceptive method discontinuation is a critical factor influencing product uptake, it is important to have robust biomarkers that easily and accurately predict the timing of fertility return following contraception and isolate that recovery from extrinsic and circumstantial factors. The main aim of this review is to summarize the current approaches, existing knowledge, and gaps in methods of evaluating return-to-fertility as well as to provide insights into the potential of new biomarkers to more accurately predict fertility restoration after contraceptive discontinuation. Biomarker candidates proposed in this document include those associated with folliculogenesis, cumulus cell expansion, follicular rupture and ovulation, and endometrial transport and receptivity which have been selected and scored on predefined criteria meant to evaluate their probable viability for advancement. The review also describes limitations, regulatory requirements, and a potential path to clinically testing these selected biomarkers. It is important to understand fertility restoration after contraceptive method discontinuation to provide users and health providers with accurate evidence-based information. Predictive biomarkers, if easy and low-cost, have the potential to enable robust evaluation of RTF, and provide potential users the information they desire when selecting a contraceptive method. This could lead to expanded uptake and continuation of modern contraception and inform the development of new contraceptive methods to widen user's family planning choices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Cordova-Gomez
- Office of Population and Reproductive Health, USAID/Public Health Institute, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Andrew P. Wong
- CONRAD, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, United States
| | - Lee B. Sims
- Office of Population and Reproductive Health, USAID/Public Health Institute, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Gustavo F. Doncel
- CONRAD, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, United States
| | - Laneta J. Dorflinger
- Department of Product Development and Introduction, FHI 360, Durham, NC, United States
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8
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Nordmeyer S, Kraus M, Ziehm M, Kirchner M, Schafstedde M, Kelm M, Niquet S, Stephen MM, Baczko I, Knosalla C, Schapranow MP, Dittmar G, Gotthardt M, Falcke M, Regitz-Zagrosek V, Kuehne T, Mertins P. Disease- and sex-specific differences in patients with heart valve disease: a proteome study. Life Sci Alliance 2023; 6:e202201411. [PMID: 36627164 PMCID: PMC9834574 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Pressure overload in patients with aortic valve stenosis and volume overload in mitral valve regurgitation trigger specific forms of cardiac remodeling; however, little is known about similarities and differences in myocardial proteome regulation. We performed proteome profiling of 75 human left ventricular myocardial biopsies (aortic stenosis = 41, mitral regurgitation = 17, and controls = 17) using high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry next to clinical and hemodynamic parameter acquisition. In patients of both disease groups, proteins related to ECM and cytoskeleton were more abundant, whereas those related to energy metabolism and proteostasis were less abundant compared with controls. In addition, disease group-specific and sex-specific differences have been observed. Male patients with aortic stenosis showed more proteins related to fibrosis and less to energy metabolism, whereas female patients showed strong reduction in proteostasis-related proteins. Clinical imaging was in line with proteomic findings, showing elevation of fibrosis in both patient groups and sex differences. Disease- and sex-specific proteomic profiles provide insight into cardiac remodeling in patients with heart valve disease and might help improve the understanding of molecular mechanisms and the development of individualized treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Nordmeyer
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité - Medical Heart Center of Charité and German Heart Institute Berlin, Institute for Cardiovascular Computer-Assisted Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité - Medical Heart Center of Charité and German Heart Institute Berlin, Department of Congenital Heart Disease - Pediatric Cardiology, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Milena Kraus
- Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Engineering, Digital Health Center, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Matthias Ziehm
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Proteomics Platform, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marieluise Kirchner
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Proteomics Platform, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marie Schafstedde
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité - Medical Heart Center of Charité and German Heart Institute Berlin, Institute for Cardiovascular Computer-Assisted Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité - Medical Heart Center of Charité and German Heart Institute Berlin, Department of Congenital Heart Disease - Pediatric Cardiology, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcus Kelm
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité - Medical Heart Center of Charité and German Heart Institute Berlin, Institute for Cardiovascular Computer-Assisted Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité - Medical Heart Center of Charité and German Heart Institute Berlin, Department of Congenital Heart Disease - Pediatric Cardiology, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sylvia Niquet
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Proteomics Platform, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mariet Mathew Stephen
- Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Engineering, Digital Health Center, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Istvan Baczko
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Christoph Knosalla
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité - Medical Heart Center of Charité and German Heart, Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Berlin, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthieu-P Schapranow
- Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Engineering, Digital Health Center, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Gunnar Dittmar
- Proteomics of Cellular Signaling, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Michael Gotthardt
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Neuromuscular and Cardiovascular Cell Biology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Falcke
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Mathematical Cell Physiology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Vera Regitz-Zagrosek
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Zürich, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Titus Kuehne
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité - Medical Heart Center of Charité and German Heart Institute Berlin, Institute for Cardiovascular Computer-Assisted Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité - Medical Heart Center of Charité and German Heart Institute Berlin, Department of Congenital Heart Disease - Pediatric Cardiology, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Philipp Mertins
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Proteomics Platform, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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9
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Lin K, Yang Y, Cao Y, Liang J, Qian J, Wang X, Han Q. Combining single-cell transcriptomics and CellTagging to identify differentiation trajectories of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:14. [PMID: 36721241 PMCID: PMC9890798 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03237-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have attracted great attention in the application of cell-based therapy because of their pluripotent differentiation and immunomodulatory ability. Due to the limited number of MSCs isolated from donor tissues, a large number of MSCs need to be expanded in a traditional two-dimensional cell culture device to obtain a sufficient therapeutic amount. However, long-term cultivation of MSCs in vitro has been proven to reduce their differentiation potential and change their immunomodulatory characteristics. We aimed to explore the cellular heterogeneity and differentiation potential of different MSCs expanded in vitro and reconstruct the complex cloning track of cells in the process of differentiation. METHODS Single cell transcriptome sequencing was combined with 'CellTagging', which is a composite barcode indexing method that can capture the cloning history and cell identity in parallel to track the differentiation process of the same cell over time. RESULTS Through the single-cell transcriptome and CellTagging, we found that the heterogeneity of human adipose tissue derived stem cells (hADSCs) in the early stage of culture was very limited. With the passage, the cells spontaneously differentiated during the process of division and proliferation, and the heterogeneity of the cells increased. By tracing the differentiation track of cells, we found most cells have the potential for multidirectional differentiation, while a few cells have the potential for unidirectional differentiation. One subpopulation of hADSCs with the specific osteoblast differentiation potential was traced from the early stage to the late stage, which indicates that the differentiation trajectories of the cells are determined in the early stages of lineage transformation. Further, considering that all genes related to osteogenic differentiation have not yet been determined, we identified that there are some genes that are highly expressed specifically in the hADSC subsets that can successfully differentiate into osteoblasts, such as Serpin Family E Member 2 (SERPINE2), Secreted Frizzled Related Protein 1 (SFRP1), Keratin 7 (KRT7), Peptidase Inhibitor 16 (PI16), and Carboxypeptidase E (CPE), which may be key regulatory genes for osteogenic induction, and finally proved that the SERPINE2 gene can promote the osteogenic process. CONCLUSION The results of this study contribute toward the exploration of the heterogeneity of hADSCs and improving our understanding of the influence of heterogeneity on the differentiation potential of cells. Through this study, we found that the SERPINE2 gene plays a decisive role in the osteogenic differentiation of hADSCs, which lays a foundation for establishing a more novel and complete induction system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Lin
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanlei Yang
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Clinical Trial of Stem Cell Therapy (BZ0381), School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yinghao Cao
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Junbo Liang
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Qian
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Qin Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Clinical Trial of Stem Cell Therapy (BZ0381), School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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10
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Izumi-Nakaseko H, Sakamoto K, Goto A, Kambayashi R, Matsumoto A, Takei Y, Takahara A, Sugiyama A. Characterization of pathological remodeling in the chronic atrioventricular block cynomolgus monkey heart. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1055031. [PMID: 36744259 PMCID: PMC9892184 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1055031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
We studied time course of pathological remodeling occurring in the cynomolgus monkey hearts against persistent atrioventricular block condition (n = 10). The atrioventricular block induced the ventricular and atrial dilation followed by the ventricular hypertrophy. Interstitial fibrosis in the ventricle was also observed along with gradual increases in the plasma angiotensin II and aldosterone concentrations. These adaptations were associated with the changes in gene expression profiling reflecting fibrosis and hypertrophy. Atrioventricular block reduced the ventricular rate and cardiac output, but the ejection fraction and stroke volume increased, whereas the cardiac output was gradually restored to its basal level. Systolic/diastolic blood pressure after the atrioventricular block was kept equal to or lower than that before the block, according with lack of increase in the plasma catecholamine levels. Chronic atrioventricular block gradually prolonged the QRS width and JT interval, leading to the QT interval prolongation in conscious state. 10 mg/kg of dl-sotalol hydrochloride induced torsade de pointes (TdP) in 6 out of 10 animals by 15 months. Animals showing longer QTcF under anesthesia after the atrioventricular block developed dl-sotalol-induced TdP earlier. No marked difference was observed in pharmacokinetics of dl-sotalol between 1 and 7 months after the atrioventricular block. Each TdP spontaneously terminated, reflecting a monkey's relatively small "effective size of the heart (=∛(left ventricular weight)/wavelength of reentry)". These fundamental knowledge will help better utilize the chronic atrioventricular block monkeys as an in vivo proarrhythmia model for detecting drug-induced TdP.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ai Goto
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Kambayashi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akio Matsumoto
- Department of Aging Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Takei
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Takahara
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Atsushi Sugiyama
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan,Department of Aging Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan,*Correspondence: Atsushi Sugiyama,
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11
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Humphreys SJ, Whyte CS, Mutch NJ. "Super" SERPINs-A stabilizing force against fibrinolysis in thromboinflammatory conditions. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1146833. [PMID: 37153474 PMCID: PMC10155837 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1146833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The superfamily of serine protease inhibitors (SERPINs) are a class of inhibitors that utilise a dynamic conformational change to trap and inhibit their target enzymes. Their powerful nature lends itself well to regulation of complex physiological enzymatic cascades, such as the haemostatic, inflammatory and complement pathways. The SERPINs α2-antiplasmin, plasminogen-activator inhibitor-1, plasminogen-activator inhibitor-2, protease nexin-1, and C1-inhibitor play crucial inhibitory roles in regulation of the fibrinolytic system and inflammation. Elevated levels of these SERPINs are associated with increased risk of thrombotic complications, obesity, type 2 diabetes, and hypertension. Conversely, deficiencies of these SERPINs have been linked to hyperfibrinolysis with bleeding and angioedema. In recent years SERPINs have been implicated in the modulation of the immune response and various thromboinflammatory conditions, such as sepsis and COVID-19. Here, we highlight the current understanding of the physiological role of SERPINs in haemostasis and inflammatory disease progression, with emphasis on the fibrinolytic pathway, and how this becomes dysregulated during disease. Finally, we consider the role of these SERPINs as potential biomarkers of disease progression and therapeutic targets for thromboinflammatory diseases.
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12
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Lee HY, Jang HR, Li H, Samuel VT, Dudek KD, Osipovich AB, Magnuson MA, Sklar J, Shulman GI. Deletion of Jazf1 gene causes early growth retardation and insulin resistance in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2213628119. [PMID: 36442127 PMCID: PMC9894197 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2213628119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the human juxtaposed with another zinc finger protein 1 (JAZF1) gene have repeatedly been associated with both type 2 diabetes (T2D) and height in multiple genome-wide association studies (GWAS); however, the mechanism by which JAZF1 causes these traits is not yet known. To investigate the possible functional role of JAZF1 in growth and glucose metabolism in vivo, we generated Jazf1 knockout (KO) mice and examined body composition and insulin sensitivity both in young and adult mice by using 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance and hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp techniques. Plasma concentrations of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) were reduced in both young and adult Jazf1 KO mice, and young Jazf1 KO mice were shorter in stature than age-matched wild-type mice. Young Jazf1 KO mice manifested reduced fat mass, whereas adult Jazf1 KO mice manifested increased fat mass and reductions in lean body mass associated with increased plasma growth hormone (GH) concentrations. Adult Jazf1 KO manifested muscle insulin resistance that was further exacerbated by high-fat diet feeding. Gene set enrichment analysis in Jazf1 KO liver identified the hepatocyte hepatic nuclear factor 4 alpha (HNF4α), which was decreased in Jazf1 KO liver and in JAZF1 knockdown cells. Moreover, GH-induced IGF-1 expression was inhibited by JAZF1 knockdown in human hepatocytes. Taken together these results demonstrate that reduction of JAZF1 leads to early growth retardation and late onset insulin resistance in vivo which may be mediated through alterations in the GH-IGF-1 axis and HNF4α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Young Lee
- aLaboratory of Mitochondria and Metabolic Diseases, School of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon21999, Korea
- bDepartment of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon21999, Korea
- cKorea Mouse Metabolic Phenotyping Center, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon21999, Korea
| | - Hye Rim Jang
- aLaboratory of Mitochondria and Metabolic Diseases, School of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon21999, Korea
- bDepartment of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon21999, Korea
| | - Hui Li
- dDepartment of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA22908
| | - Varman T. Samuel
- eDepartment of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT06510
- fWest Haven Veterans Affairs Medical Center, West Haven, CT06516
| | - Karrie D. Dudek
- gDepartment of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, NashvilleTN37232
| | - Anna B. Osipovich
- hDepartment of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt UniversityNashville, TN37232
| | - Mark A. Magnuson
- hDepartment of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt UniversityNashville, TN37232
- 1To whom correspondence may be addressed. , , or
| | - Jeffrey Sklar
- iDepartment of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New HavenCT06510
- 1To whom correspondence may be addressed. , , or
| | - Gerald I. Shulman
- eDepartment of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT06510
- jDepartment of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT06510
- 1To whom correspondence may be addressed. , , or
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13
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Azimzadeh O, Moertl S, Ramadan R, Baselet B, Laiakis EC, Sebastian S, Beaton D, Hartikainen JM, Kaiser JC, Beheshti A, Salomaa S, Chauhan V, Hamada N. Application of radiation omics in the development of adverse outcome pathway networks: an example of radiation-induced cardiovascular disease. Int J Radiat Biol 2022; 98:1722-1751. [PMID: 35976069 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2022.2110325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies have indicated that exposure of the heart to doses of ionizing radiation as low as 0.5 Gy increases the risk of cardiac morbidity and mortality with a latency period of decades. The damaging effects of radiation to myocardial and endothelial structures and functions have been confirmed radiobiologically at high dose, but much less is known at low dose. Integration of radiation biology and epidemiology data is a recommended approach to improve the radiation risk assessment process. The adverse outcome pathway (AOP) framework offers a comprehensive tool to compile and translate mechanistic information into pathological endpoints which may be relevant for risk assessment at the different levels of a biological system. Omics technologies enable the generation of large volumes of biological data at various levels of complexity, from molecular pathways to functional organisms. Given the quality and quantity of available data across levels of biology, omics data can be attractive sources of information for use within the AOP framework. It is anticipated that radiation omics studies could improve our understanding of the molecular mechanisms behind the adverse effects of radiation on the cardiovascular system. In this review, we explored the available omics studies on radiation-induced cardiovascular disease (CVD) and their applicability to the proposed AOP for CVD. RESULTS The results of 80 omics studies published on radiation-induced CVD over the past 20 years have been discussed in the context of the AOP of CVD proposed by Chauhan et al. Most of the available omics data on radiation-induced CVD are from proteomics, transcriptomics, and metabolomics, whereas few datasets were available from epigenomics and multi-omics. The omics data presented here show great promise in providing information for several key events of the proposed AOP of CVD, particularly oxidative stress, alterations of energy metabolism, extracellular matrix and vascular remodeling. CONCLUSIONS The omics data presented here shows promise to inform the various levels of the proposed AOP of CVD. However, the data highlight the urgent need of designing omics studies to address the knowledge gap concerning different radiation scenarios, time after exposure and experimental models. This review presents the evidence to build a qualitative omics-informed AOP and provides views on the potential benefits and challenges in using omics data to assess risk-related outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Azimzadeh
- Federal Office for Radiation Protection (BfS), Section Radiation Biology, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Simone Moertl
- Federal Office for Radiation Protection (BfS), Section Radiation Biology, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Raghda Ramadan
- Institute for Environment, Health and Safety, Radiobiology Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Mol, Belgium
| | - Bjorn Baselet
- Institute for Environment, Health and Safety, Radiobiology Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Mol, Belgium
| | - Evagelia C Laiakis
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | | | | | - Jaana M Hartikainen
- School of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, and Translational Cancer Research Area, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jan Christian Kaiser
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Radiation Medicine (HMGU-IRM), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Afshin Beheshti
- KBR, Space Biosciences Division, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, 94035, USA.,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Sisko Salomaa
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Vinita Chauhan
- Environmental Health Science Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nobuyuki Hamada
- Biology and Environmental Chemistry Division, Sustainable System Research Laboratory, Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry (CRIEPI), Komae, Tokyo 201-8511, Japan
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14
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Chen X, Zhang Q, Zhang Q. Predicting potential biomarkers and immune infiltration characteristics in heart failure. MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES AND ENGINEERING : MBE 2022; 19:8671-8688. [PMID: 35942730 DOI: 10.3934/mbe.2022402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have demonstrated that immune cell activation and their infiltration in the myocardium can have adverse effects on the heart, contributing to the pathogenesis of heart failure (HF). The purpose of this study is used by bioinformatics analysis to determine the potential diagnostic markers of heart failure and establish an applicable model to predict the association between heart failure and immune cell infiltration. METHODS Firstly, gene expression profiles of dilated heart disease GSE3585 and GSE120895 were obtained in Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. This study then selected differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in 54 patients with HF and 13 healthy controls. In this study, biomarkers were identified using Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selector Operation (LASSO) and Support Vector Machine-Recursive Feature Elimination (SVM-RFE). Additionally, we evaluated the prognostic discrimination performance by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Cell type Identification by Estimating Relative Subsets of RNA Transcripts (CIBERSORT) was used for analyzing immune cell infiltration in HF tissues. Lastly, immune biomarkers were correlated with each other. RESULT After 24 DEGs were analyzed using a combinatorial model of LASSO regression and SVM-RFE analysis, four key genes were obtained, namely NSG1, NPPB, PHLDA1, and SERPINE2.The area under the curve (AUC) of these four genes were greater than 0.8. Subsequently, using CIBERPORT, we also found that compared with normal people, the proportion of M1 macrophages and activated mast cells in heart failure tissues decreased. In addition, correlation analysis showed that NPPB, PHLDA1 and SERPINE2 were associated with immune cell infiltration. CONCLUSION NSG1, NPPB, PHLDA1 and SERPINE2 were identified as potential biomarkers of heart failure. It reveals the comprehensive role of relevant central genes in immune infiltration, which provides a new research idea for the treatment and early detection in heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuesi Chen
- Cardiovascular Department, the Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qijun Zhang
- Cardiovascular Department, the Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Cardiovascular Department, the Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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15
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Shen J, Ma H, Wang C. Triptolide improves myocardial fibrosis in rats through inhibition of nuclear factor kappa B and NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 inflammasome pathway. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 25:533-543. [PMID: 34697264 PMCID: PMC8552823 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2021.25.6.533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial fibrosis (MF) is the result of persistent and repeated aggravation of myocardial ischemia and hypoxia, leading to the gradual development of heart failure of chronic ischemic heart disease. Triptolide (TPL) is identified to be involved in the treatment for MF. This study aims to explore the mechanism of TPL in the treatment of MF. The MF rat model was established, subcutaneously injected with isoproterenol and treated by subcutaneous injection of TPL. The cardiac function of each group was evaluated, including LVEF, LVFS, LVES, and LVED. The expressions of ANP, BNP, inflammatory related factors (IL-1β, IL-18, TNF-α, MCP-1, VCAM-1), NLRP3 inflammasome factors (NLRP3, ASC) and fibrosis related factors (TGF-β1, COL1, and COL3) in rats were dete cted. H&E staining and Masson staining were used to observe myocardial cell inflammation and fibrosis of rats. Western blot was used to detect the p-P65 and t-P65 levels in nucleoprotein of rat myocardial tissues. LVED and LVES of MF group were significantly upregulated, LVEF and LVFS were significantly downregulated, while TPL treatment reversed these trends; TPL treatment downregulated the tissue injury and improved the pathological damage of MF rats. TPL treatment downregulated the levels of inflammatory factors and fibrosis factors, and inhibited the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome. Activation of NLRP3 inflammasome or NF-κB pathway reversed the effect of TPL on MF. Collectively, TPL inhibited the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome by inhibiting NF-κB pathway, and improved MF in MF rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyao Shen
- Department of Cardiology, The Central Hospital Affiliated to Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312030, China
| | - Hailiang Ma
- Department of Cardiology, The Central Hospital Affiliated to Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312030, China
| | - Chaoquan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Central Hospital Affiliated to Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312030, China
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16
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Chen W, Luo J, Ye Y, Hoyle R, Liu W, Borst R, Kazani S, Shikatani EA, Erpenbeck VJ, Pavord ID, Klenerman P, Sandham DA, Xue L. The Roles of Type 2 Cytotoxic T Cells in Inflammation, Tissue Remodeling, and Prostaglandin (PG) D 2 Production Are Attenuated by PGD 2 Receptor 2 Antagonism. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 206:2714-2724. [PMID: 34011519 PMCID: PMC7610864 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2001245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Multiple proinflammatory effects of Tc2 cells are inhibited by DP2 antagonism. Tissue-remodeling functions of Tc2 cells are attenuated by DP2 antagonism. Autocrine/paracrine PGD2 production in Tc2 cells is reduced by DP2 antagonism.
Human type 2 cytotoxic T (Tc2) cells are enriched in severe eosinophilic asthma and can contribute to airway eosinophilia. PGD2 and its receptor PGD2 receptor 2 (DP2) play important roles in Tc2 cell activation, including migration, cytokine production, and survival. In this study, we revealed novel, to our knowledge, functions of the PGD2/DP2 axis in Tc2 cells to induce tissue-remodeling effects and IgE-independent PGD2 autocrine production. PGD2 upregulated the expression of tissue-remodeling genes in Tc2 cells that enhanced the fibroblast proliferation and protein production required for tissue repair and myofibroblast differentiation. PGD2 stimulated Tc2 cells to produce PGD2 using the routine PGD2 synthesis pathway, which also contributed to TCR-dependent PGD2 production in Tc2 cells. Using fevipiprant, a specific DP2 antagonist, we demonstrated that competitive inhibition of DP2 not only completely blocked the cell migration, adhesion, proinflammatory cytokine production, and survival of Tc2 cells triggered by PGD2 but also attenuated the tissue-remodeling effects and autocrine/paracrine PGD2 production in Tc2 induced by PGD2 and other stimulators. These findings further confirmed the anti-inflammatory effect of fevipiprant and provided a better understanding of the role of Tc2 cells in the pathogenesis of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Chen
- Respiratory Medicine Unit and National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jian Luo
- Respiratory Medicine Unit and National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Yuan Ye
- Respiratory Medicine Unit and National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ryan Hoyle
- Respiratory Medicine Unit and National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Wei Liu
- Respiratory Medicine Unit and National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Rowie Borst
- Respiratory Medicine Unit and National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Shamsah Kazani
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge MA
| | | | | | - Ian D Pavord
- Respiratory Medicine Unit and National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Klenerman
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit and Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Luzheng Xue
- Respiratory Medicine Unit and National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom;
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Madjene C, Boutigny A, Bouton MC, Arocas V, Richard B. Protease Nexin-1 in the Cardiovascular System: Wherefore Art Thou? Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:652852. [PMID: 33869311 PMCID: PMC8044347 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.652852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The balance between proteases and protease inhibitors plays a critical role in tissue remodeling during cardiovascular diseases. Different serine protease inhibitors termed serpins, which are expressed in the cardiovascular system, can exert a fine-tuned regulation of protease activities. Among them, protease nexin-1 (PN-1, encoded by SERPINE2) is a very powerful thrombin inhibitor and can also inactivate plasminogen activators and plasmin. Studies have shown that this serpin is expressed by all cell subpopulations in the vascular wall and by circulating cells but is barely detectable in plasma in the free form. PN-1 present in platelet granules and released upon activation has been shown to present strong antithrombotic and antifibrinolytic properties. PN-1 has a broad spectrum of action related to both hemostatic and blood vessel wall protease activities. Different studies showed that PN-1 is not only an important protector of vascular cells against protease activities but also a significant actor in the clearance of the complexes it forms with its targets. In this context, PN-1 overexpression has been observed in the pathophysiology of thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAA) and during the development of atherosclerosis in humans. Similarly, in the heart, PN-1 has been shown to be overexpressed in a mouse model of heart failure and to be involved in cardiac fibrosis. Overall, PN-1 appears to serve as a "hand brake" for protease activities during cardiovascular remodeling. This review will thus highlight the role of PN-1 in the cardiovascular system and deliver a comprehensive assessment of its position among serpins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celina Madjene
- LVTS, INSERM, U1148, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Paris, France.,X. Bichat Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Boutigny
- LVTS, INSERM, U1148, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Paris, France.,X. Bichat Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Christine Bouton
- LVTS, INSERM, U1148, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Paris, France.,X. Bichat Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Veronique Arocas
- LVTS, INSERM, U1148, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Paris, France.,X. Bichat Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Benjamin Richard
- LVTS, INSERM, U1148, Paris, France.,X. Bichat Hospital, Paris, France.,Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Villetaneuse, France
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18
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Ruotsalainen SE, Partanen JJ, Cichonska A, Lin J, Benner C, Surakka I, Reeve MP, Palta P, Salmi M, Jalkanen S, Ahola-Olli A, Palotie A, Salomaa V, Daly MJ, Pirinen M, Ripatti S, Koskela J. An expanded analysis framework for multivariate GWAS connects inflammatory biomarkers to functional variants and disease. Eur J Hum Genet 2021; 29:309-324. [PMID: 33110245 PMCID: PMC7868371 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-020-00730-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Multivariate methods are known to increase the statistical power to detect associations in the case of shared genetic basis between phenotypes. They have, however, lacked essential analytic tools to follow-up and understand the biology underlying these associations. We developed a novel computational workflow for multivariate GWAS follow-up analyses, including fine-mapping and identification of the subset of traits driving associations (driver traits). Many follow-up tools require univariate regression coefficients which are lacking from multivariate results. Our method overcomes this problem by using Canonical Correlation Analysis to turn each multivariate association into its optimal univariate Linear Combination Phenotype (LCP). This enables an LCP-GWAS, which in turn generates the statistics required for follow-up analyses. We implemented our method on 12 highly correlated inflammatory biomarkers in a Finnish population-based study. Altogether, we identified 11 associations, four of which (F5, ABO, C1orf140 and PDGFRB) were not detected by biomarker-specific analyses. Fine-mapping identified 19 signals within the 11 loci and driver trait analysis determined the traits contributing to the associations. A phenome-wide association study on the 19 representative variants from the signals in 176,899 individuals from the FinnGen study revealed 53 disease associations (p < 1 × 10-4). Several reported pQTLs in the 11 loci provided orthogonal evidence for the biologically relevant functions of the representative variants. Our novel multivariate analysis workflow provides a powerful addition to standard univariate GWAS analyses by enabling multivariate GWAS follow-up and thus promoting the advancement of powerful multivariate methods in genomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanni E Ruotsalainen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Juulia J Partanen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anna Cichonska
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Computer Science, Helsinki Institute for Information Technology HIIT, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
- Department of Future Technologies, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Jake Lin
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Christian Benner
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ida Surakka
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Mary Pat Reeve
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Priit Palta
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Marko Salmi
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Sirpa Jalkanen
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Ari Ahola-Olli
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Aarno Palotie
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mark J Daly
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matti Pirinen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Public Health, Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Samuli Ripatti
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Public Health, Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Jukka Koskela
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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19
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Ezeani M, Prabhu S. Pathophysiology and therapeutic relevance of PI3K(p110α) protein in atrial fibrillation: A non-interventional molecular therapy strategy. Pharmacol Res 2021; 165:105415. [PMID: 33412279 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Genetically modified animal studies have revealed specific expression patterns and unequivocal roles of class I PI3K isoenzymes. PI3K(p110α), a catalytic subunit of class I PI3Ks is ubiquitously expressed and is well characterised in the cardiovascular system. Given that genetic inhibition of PI3K(p110α) causes lethal phenotype embryonically, the catalytic subunit is critically important in housekeeping and biological processes. A growing number of studies underpin crucial roles of PI3K(p110α) in cell survival, proliferation, hypertrophy and arrhythmogenesis. While the studies provide great insights, the precise mechanisms involved in PI3K(p110α) hypofunction and atrial fibrillation (AF) are not fully known. AF is a well recognised clinical problem with significant management limitations. In this translational review, we attempted a narration of PI3K(p110α) hypofunction in the molecular basis of AF pathophysiology. We sought to cautiously highlight the relevance of this molecule in the therapeutic approaches for AF management per se (i.e without conditions associate with cell proliferation, like cancer), and in mitigating effects of clinical risk factors in atrial substrate formation leading to AF progression. We also considered PI3K(p110α) in AF gene association, with the aim of identifying mechanistic links between the ever increasingly well-defined genetic loci (regions and genes) and AF. Such mechanisms will aid in identifying new drug targets for arrhythmogenic substrate and AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Ezeani
- NanoBiotechnology Laboratory, Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia.
| | - Sandeep Prabhu
- The Alfred, and Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia; University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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20
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Zhang X, Jiang D, Yang S, Sun Y, Liu Y, Shi J, Hu C, Pan J, Liu T, Jin B, Yang K. BAP31 Promotes Tumor Cell Proliferation by Stabilizing SERPINE2 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:607906. [PMID: 33363167 PMCID: PMC7759511 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.607906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients are mostly diagnosed at an advanced stage, resulting in systemic therapy and poor prognosis. Therefore, the identification of a novel treatment target for HCC is important. B-cell receptor-associated protein 31 (BAP31) has been identified as a cancer/testis antigen; however, BAP31 function and mechanism of action in HCC remain unclear. In this study, BAP31 was demonstrated to be upregulated in HCC and correlated with the clinical stage. BAP31 overexpression promoted HCC cell proliferation and colony formation in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. RNA-sequence (RNA-seq) analysis demonstrated that serpin family E member 2 (SERPINE2) was downregulated in BAP31-knockdown HCC cells. Coimmunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence assays demonstrated that BAP31 directly binds to SERPINE2. The inhibition of SERPINE2 significantly decreased the BAP31-induced cell proliferation and colony formation of HCC cells and phosphorylation of Erk1/2 and p38. Moreover, multiplex immunohistochemistry staining of the HCC tissue microarray showed positive associations between the expression levels of BAP31, SERPINE2, its downstream gene LRP1, and a tumor proliferation marker, Ki-67. The administration of anti-BAP31 antibody significantly inhibited HCC cell xenograft tumor growth in vivo. Thus, these findings suggest that BAP31 promotes tumor cell proliferation by stabilizing SERPINE2 and can serve as a promising candidate therapeutic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyang Zhang
- Department of Immunology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Dongbo Jiang
- Department of Immunology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shuya Yang
- Department of Immunology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuanjie Sun
- Department of Immunology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Immunology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jingqi Shi
- Department of Immunology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chenchen Hu
- Department of Immunology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jingyu Pan
- Department of Immunology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tianyue Liu
- Department of Immunology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Boquan Jin
- Department of Immunology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of Immunology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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21
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Is Spironolactone the Preferred Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone Inhibitor for Protection Against COVID-19? J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2020; 77:323-331. [PMID: 33278189 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The high mortality of specific groups from COVID-19 highlights the importance of host-viral interactions and the potential benefits from enhancing host defenses. SARS-CoV-2 requires angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) 2 as a receptor for cell entry and infection. Although both ACE inhibitors and spironolactone can upregulate tissue ACE2, there are important points of discrimination between these approaches. The virus requires proteolytic processing of its spike protein by transmembrane protease receptor serine type 2 (TMPRSS2) to enable binding to cellular ACE2. Because TMPRSS2 contains an androgen promoter, it may be downregulated by the antiandrogenic actions of spironolactone. Furin and plasmin also process the spike protein. They are inhibited by protease nexin 1 or serpin E2 (PN1) that is upregulated by angiotensin II but downregulated by aldosterone. Therefore, spironolactone should selectively downregulate furin and plasmin. Furin also promotes pulmonary edema, whereas plasmin promotes hemovascular dysfunction. Thus, a downregulation of furin and plasmin by PN1 could be a further benefit of MRAs beyond their well-established organ protection. We review the evidence that spironolactone may be the preferred RASSi to increase PN1 and decrease TMPRSS2, furin, and plasmin activities and thereby reduce viral cell binding, entry, infectivity, and bad outcomes. This hypothesis requires direct investigation.
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22
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Kourelis TV, Dasari SS, Dispenzieri A, Maleszewski JJ, Redfield MM, Fayyaz AU, Grogan M, Ramirez-Alvarado M, Abou Ezzeddine OF, McPhail ED. A Proteomic Atlas of Cardiac Amyloid Plaques. JACC: CARDIOONCOLOGY 2020; 2:632-643. [PMID: 33511353 PMCID: PMC7839979 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaccao.2020.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background In vivo mechanisms of amyloid clearance and cardiac tissue damage in cardiac amyloidosis are not well understood. Objectives We aimed to define and quantify the amyloid plaque proteome in cardiac transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR) and light chain amyloidosis (AL) and identify associations with patient characteristics and outcomes. Methods A proteomics approach was used to identify all proteins in cardiac amyloid plaques, and to compare both normal and diseased controls. All proteins identified within amyloid plaques were defined as the expanded proteome; only proteins that were enriched in comparison to normal and disease controls were defined as the amyloid-specific proteome. Results Proteomic data from 292 patients with ATTR and 139 patients with AL cardiac amyloidosis were included; 160 and 161 unique proteins were identified in the expanded proteomes, respectively. In the amyloid-specific proteomes, we identified 28 proteins in ATTR, 19 in AL amyloidosis, with 13 proteins overlapping between ATTR and AL. ATTR was characterized by a higher abundance of complement and contractile proteins and AL by a higher abundance of keratins. We found that the proteome of kappa AL had higher levels of clusterin, a protective chaperone, and lower levels of light chains than lambda despite higher levels of circulating light chains. Hierarchical clustering identified a group of patients with worse survival in ATTR, characterized by high levels of PIK3C3, a protein with a central role in autophagy. Conclusions Cardiac AL and ATTR have both common and distinct pathogenetic mechanisms of tissue damage. Our findings suggest that autophagy represents a pathway that may be impaired in ATTR and should be further studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taxiarchis V Kourelis
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Surendra S Dasari
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Angela Dispenzieri
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Joseph J Maleszewski
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Margaret M Redfield
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Ahmed U Fayyaz
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Martha Grogan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Marina Ramirez-Alvarado
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Ellen D McPhail
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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23
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Kanda P, Benavente-Babace A, Parent S, Connor M, Soucy N, Steeves A, Lu A, Cober ND, Courtman D, Variola F, Alarcon EI, Liang W, Stewart DJ, Godin M, Davis DR. Deterministic paracrine repair of injured myocardium using microfluidic-based cocooning of heart explant-derived cells. Biomaterials 2020; 247:120010. [PMID: 32259654 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
While encapsulation of cells within protective nanoporous gel cocoons increases cell retention and pro-survival integrin signaling, the influence of cocoon size and intra-capsular cell-cell interactions on therapeutic repair are unknown. Here, we employ a microfluidic platform to dissect the impact of cocoon size and intracapsular cell number on the regenerative potential of transplanted heart explant-derived cells. Deterministic increases in cocoon size boosted the proportion of multicellular aggregates within cocoons, reduced vascular clearance of transplanted cells and enhanced stimulation of endogenous repair. The latter being attributable to cell-cell stimulation of cytokine and extracellular vesicle production while also broadening of the miRNA cargo within extracellular vesicles. Thus, by tuning cocoon size and cell occupancy, the paracrine signature and retention of transplanted cells can be enhanced to promote paracrine stimulation of endogenous tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pushpinder Kanda
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1Y4W7, Canada
| | | | - Sandrine Parent
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1Y4W7, Canada
| | - Michie Connor
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1Y4W7, Canada
| | - Nicholas Soucy
- Ottawa-Carleton Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Ottawa, K1N6N5, Canada
| | - Alexander Steeves
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ottawa, K1N6N5, Canada
| | - Aizhu Lu
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1Y4W7, Canada
| | - Nicholas David Cober
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1H8M5, Canada
| | - David Courtman
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1H8L6, Canada
| | - Fabio Variola
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ottawa, K1N6N5, Canada
| | - Emilio I Alarcon
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1Y4W7, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, K1H8M5, Canada
| | - Wenbin Liang
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1Y4W7, Canada; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1H8M5, Canada
| | - Duncan J Stewart
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1H8L6, Canada; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1H8M5, Canada
| | - Michel Godin
- Department of Physics, University of Ottawa, K1N6N5, Canada; Ottawa-Carleton Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Ottawa, K1N6N5, Canada; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ottawa, K1N6N5, Canada
| | - Darryl R Davis
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1Y4W7, Canada; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1H8M5, Canada.
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24
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Zhang J, Luo A, Huang F, Gong T, Liu Z. SERPINE2 promotes esophageal squamous cell carcinoma metastasis by activating BMP4. Cancer Lett 2019; 469:390-398. [PMID: 31730904 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis is a major lethal cause of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and confers a poor prognosis. Previous studies demonstrated that serpin family E member 2 (SERPINE2) is involved in tumor metastasis. However, the function and mechanism of SERPINE2 in ESCC metastasis remains unclear. In this study, we found that SERPINE2 was increased in ESCC and associated with tumor metastasis. SERPINE2 knockdown inhibited tumor cell invasion and lymph node and lung metastasis by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). We identified a total of 410 differentially expressed genes in SERPINE2-knockdown cells by RNA-Seq analysis. Among them, bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) was significantly downregulated. Conversely, BMP4 was increased in SERPINE2-overexpressing cells. Inhibiting BMP4 could attenuate SERPINE2-induced migration and invasion. Moreover, SERPINE2 was positively correlated with clinical stage, tumor invasion depth and lymph node metastasis in ESCC patients. These findings suggest that SERPINE2 promotes tumor metastasis by activating BMP4 and could serve as a potential therapeutic target for clinical intervention in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianglan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/ National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Aiping Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/ National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Furong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/ National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Tongyang Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/ National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Zhihua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/ National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
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25
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Ayyappan JP, lizardo K, Wang S, Yurkow E, Nagajyothi JF. Inhibition of ER Stress by 2-Aminopurine Treatment Modulates Cardiomyopathy in a Murine Chronic Chagas Disease Model. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2019; 27:386-394. [PMID: 30879276 PMCID: PMC6609105 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2018.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Trypanosoma cruzi infection results in debilitating cardiomyopathy, which is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in the endemic regions of Chagas disease (CD). The pathogenesis of Chagasic cardiomyopathy (CCM) has been intensely studied as a chronic inflammatory disease until recent observations reporting the role of cardio-metabolic dysfunctions. In particular, we demonstrated accumulation of lipid droplets and impaired cardiac lipid metabolism in the hearts of cardiomyopathic mice and patients, and their association with impaired mitochondrial functions and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in CD mice. In the present study, we examined whether treating infected mice with an ER stress inhibitor can modify the pathogenesis of cardiomyopathy during chronic stages of infection. T. cruzi infected mice were treated with an ER stress inhibitor 2-Aminopurine (2AP) during the indeterminate stage and evaluated for cardiac pathophysiology during the subsequent chronic stage. Our study demonstrates that inhibition of ER stress improves cardiac pathology caused by T. cruzi infection by reducing ER stress and downstream signaling of phosphorylated eukaryotic initiation factor (P-elF2α) in the hearts of chronically infected mice. Importantly, cardiac ultrasound imaging showed amelioration of ventricular enlargement, suggesting that inhibition of ER stress may be a valuable strategy to combat the progression of cardiomyopathy in Chagas patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janeesh Plakkal Ayyappan
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103,
USA
| | - Kezia lizardo
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103,
USA
| | - Sean Wang
- Rutgers Molecular Imaging Center, Piscataway, NJ 08854,
USA
| | - Edward Yurkow
- Rutgers Molecular Imaging Center, Piscataway, NJ 08854,
USA
| | - Jyothi F Nagajyothi
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103,
USA
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26
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Buffalo liver transcriptome analysis suggests immune tolerance as its key adaptive mechanism during early postpartum negative energy balance. Funct Integr Genomics 2019; 19:759-773. [DOI: 10.1007/s10142-019-00676-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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27
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Altara R, Zouein FA, Brandão RD, Bajestani SN, Cataliotti A, Booz GW. In Silico Analysis of Differential Gene Expression in Three Common Rat Models of Diastolic Dysfunction. Front Cardiovasc Med 2018; 5:11. [PMID: 29556499 PMCID: PMC5850854 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2018.00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Standard therapies for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) have been unsuccessful, demonstrating that the contribution of the underlying diastolic dysfunction pathophysiology differs from that of systolic dysfunction in heart failure and currently is far from being understood. Complicating the investigation of HFpEF is the contribution of several comorbidities. Here, we selected three established rat models of diastolic dysfunction defined by three major risk factors associated with HFpEF and researched their commonalities and differences. The top differentially expressed genes in the left ventricle of Dahl salt sensitive (Dahl/SS), spontaneous hypertensive heart failure (SHHF), and diabetes 1 induced HFpEF models were derived from published data in Gene Expression Omnibus and used for a comprehensive interpretation of the underlying pathophysiological context of each model. The diversity of the underlying transcriptomic of the heart of each model is clearly observed by the different panel of top regulated genes: the diabetic model has 20 genes in common with the Dahl/SS and 15 with the SHHF models. Advanced analytics performed in Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA®) revealed that Dahl/SS heart tissue transcripts triggered by upstream regulators lead to dilated cardiomyopathy, hypertrophy of heart, arrhythmia, and failure of heart. In the heart of SHHF, a total of 26 genes were closely linked to cardiovascular disease including cardiotoxicity, pericarditis, ST-elevated myocardial infarction, and dilated cardiomyopathy. IPA Upstream Regulator analyses revealed that protection of cardiomyocytes is hampered by inhibition of the ERBB2 plasma membrane-bound receptor tyrosine kinases. Cardioprotective markers such as natriuretic peptide A (NPPA), heat shock 27 kDa protein 1 (HSPB1), and angiogenin (ANG) were upregulated in the diabetes 1 induced model; however, the model showed a different underlying mechanism with a majority of the regulated genes involved in metabolic disorders. In conclusion, our findings suggest that multiple mechanisms may contribute to diastolic dysfunction and HFpEF, and thus drug therapies may need to be guided more by phenotypic characteristics of the cardiac remodeling events than by the underlying molecular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Altara
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,KG Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
| | - Fouad A Zouein
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rita Dias Brandão
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Saeed N Bajestani
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States.,Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
| | - Alessandro Cataliotti
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,KG Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, Oslo, Norway
| | - George W Booz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
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28
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Hu C, Jiang J, Xun Q, Zhao B, Hu X, Deng P, Li Y. Inhibition of SERPINE2/protease nexin-1 by a monoclonal antibody attenuates airway remodeling in a murine model of asthma. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2017; 10:11838-11848. [PMID: 31966548 PMCID: PMC6966070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
SERPINE2, also known as protease nexin-1 (PN-1), is a serine protease inhibitor produced by many cell types and has pleiotropic biological functions. It has been reported that SERPINE2/PN-1 is involved in tissue remodeling of fibrotic diseases including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and cardiac fibrosis. However, the potential role of SERPINE2/PN-1 in asthmatic airway remodeling has remained barely investigated so far. In this study, BALB/c male mice were sensitized and challenged by ovalbumin to generate murine models of airway remodeling. Anti-SERPINE2 monoclonal antibody was intraperitoneally injected into these mice during the ovalbumin challenge while IgG antibody was used as a vehicle control. The results revealed that the expression of SERPINE2/PN-1 was significantly upregulated in the lung extracts of ovalbumin-challenged mice, and this upregulation was inhibited by dexamethasone. Sustained ovalbumin stimulation increased the thickness of airway wall and α-SMA positive areas in lung, which was attenuated by the treatment with SERPINE2 antibody. In addition, SERPINE2 antibody partially blocked the phosphorylation of ERK, and reduced the upregulation of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 expressions in asthmatic mice. These findings suggest that SERPINE2/PN-1 may play a role in the pathologic development of airway remodeling. Monoclonal antibody against SERPINE2 may have the potential as an effective pharmacotherapy for asthmatic airway remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengping Hu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine (Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine), Key Cite of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University Changsha 410008, China
| | - Juan Jiang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine (Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine), Key Cite of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University Changsha 410008, China
| | - Qiufen Xun
- Department of Respiratory Medicine (Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine), Key Cite of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University Changsha 410008, China
| | - Bingrong Zhao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine (Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine), Key Cite of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University Changsha 410008, China
| | - Xinyue Hu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine (Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine), Key Cite of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University Changsha 410008, China
| | - Pengbo Deng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine (Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine), Key Cite of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University Changsha 410008, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine (Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine), Key Cite of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University Changsha 410008, China
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A Review of the Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Development and Progression of Cardiac Remodeling. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:3920195. [PMID: 28751931 PMCID: PMC5511646 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3920195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 256] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pathological molecular mechanisms involved in myocardial remodeling contribute to alter the existing structure of the heart, leading to cardiac dysfunction. Among the complex signaling network that characterizes myocardial remodeling, the distinct processes are myocyte loss, cardiac hypertrophy, alteration of extracellular matrix homeostasis, fibrosis, defective autophagy, metabolic abnormalities, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Several pathophysiological stimuli, such as pressure and volume overload, trigger the remodeling cascade, a process that initially confers protection to the heart as a compensatory mechanism. Yet chronic inflammation after myocardial infarction also leads to cardiac remodeling that, when prolonged, leads to heart failure progression. Here, we review the molecular pathways involved in cardiac remodeling, with particular emphasis on those associated with myocardial infarction. A better understanding of cell signaling involved in cardiac remodeling may support the development of new therapeutic strategies towards the treatment of heart failure and reduction of cardiac complications. We will also discuss data derived from gene therapy approaches for modulating key mediators of cardiac remodeling.
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30
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Ma Y, Zou H, Zhu XX, Pang J, Xu Q, Jin QY, Ding YH, Zhou B, Huang DS. Transforming growth factor β: A potential biomarker and therapeutic target of ventricular remodeling. Oncotarget 2017; 8:53780-53790. [PMID: 28881850 PMCID: PMC5581149 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) is a multifunctional cytokine that is synthesized by many types of cells and regulates the cell cycle. Increasing evidence has led to TGF-β receiving increased and deserved attention in recent years because it may play a potentially novel and critical role in the development and progression of myocardial fibrosis and the subsequent progress of ventricular remodeling (VR). Numerous studies have highlighted a crucial role of TGF-β in VR and suggest potential therapeutic targets of the TGF-β signaling pathways for VR. Changes in TGF-β activity may elicit anti-VR activity and may serve as a novel therapeutic target for VR therapy. This review we discusses the smad-dependent signaling pathway, such as TGF-β/Smads, TGF-β/Sirtuins, TGF-β/BMP, TGF-β/miRNAs, TGF-β/MAPK, and Smad-independent signaling pathway of TGF-β, such as TGF-β/PI3K/Akt, TGF-β/Rho/ROCK,TGF-β/Wnt/β-catenin in the cardiac fibrosis and subsequent progression of VR. Furthermore, agonists and antagonists of TGF-β as potential therapeutic targets in VR are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China.,People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hai Zou
- Department of Cardiology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China.,People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xing-Xing Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China.,People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Pang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China.,People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China.,People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qin-Yang Jin
- Department of Cardiology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China.,People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ya-Hui Ding
- Department of Cardiology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China.,People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bing Zhou
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China.,People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dong-Sheng Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China.,People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
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