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Frith MC, Ni S. DNA Conserved in Diverse Animals Since the Precambrian Controls Genes for Embryonic Development. Mol Biol Evol 2023; 40:msad275. [PMID: 38085182 PMCID: PMC10735318 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msad275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA that controls gene expression (e.g. enhancers, promoters) has seemed almost never to be conserved between distantly related animals, like vertebrates and arthropods. This is mysterious, because development of such animals is partly organized by homologous genes with similar complex expression patterns, termed "deep homology." Here, we report 25 regulatory DNA segments conserved across bilaterian animals, of which 7 are also conserved in cnidaria (coral and sea anemone). They control developmental genes (e.g. Nr2f, Ptch, Rfx1/3, Sall, Smad6, Sp5, Tbx2/3), including six homeobox genes: Gsx, Hmx, Meis, Msx, Six1/2, and Zfhx3/4. The segments contain perfectly or near-perfectly conserved CCAAT boxes, E-boxes, and other sequences recognized by regulatory proteins. More such DNA conservation will surely be found soon, as more genomes are published and sequence comparison is optimized. This reveals a control system for animal development conserved since the Precambrian.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin C Frith
- Artificial Intelligence Research Center, AIST, Tokyo, Japan
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Chiba, Japan
- Computational Bio Big Data Open Innovation Laboratory, AIST, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shengliang Ni
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Chiba, Japan
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2
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Wang S, Liu R. Insights into the pleiotropic roles of ZNF703 in cancer. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20140. [PMID: 37810156 PMCID: PMC10559930 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Zinc finger proteins (ZNFs) belong to the NET/NLZ protein family. In physiological functions, ZNF703 play significant roles in embryonic development, especially in the nervous system. As an transcription factors with zinc finger domains, abnormal regulation of the ZNF703 protein is associated with enhanced proliferation, invasion, and metastasis as well as drug resistance in many tumors, although mechanisms of action vary depending on the specific tumor microenvironment. ZNF703 lacks a nuclear localization sequence despite its function requiring nuclear DNA binding. The purpose of this review is to summarize the architecture of ZNF703, its roles in tumorigenesis, and tumor progression, as well as future oncology therapeutic prospects, which have implications for understanding tumor susceptibility and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology Obstetrics, No. 156 Nan Kai San Ma Lu, Tianjin, 300000, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Human Development and Reproductive Regulation, Tianjin, 300000, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nankai University Maternity Hospital, Tianjin, 300000, China
| | - Rong Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, China
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3
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Chen SY, Liu FC. The Fgf9-Nolz1-Wnt2 axis regulates morphogenesis of the lung. Development 2023; 150:dev201827. [PMID: 37497597 DOI: 10.1242/dev.201827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Morphological development of the lung requires complex signal crosstalk between the mesenchymal and epithelial progenitors. Elucidating the genetic cascades underlying signal crosstalk is essential to understanding lung morphogenesis. Here, we identified Nolz1 as a mesenchymal lineage-specific transcriptional regulator that plays a key role in lung morphogenesis. Nolz1 null mutation resulted in a severe hypoplasia phenotype, including a decreased proliferation of mesenchymal cells, aberrant differentiation of epithelial cells and defective growth of epithelial branches. Nolz1 deletion also downregulated Wnt2, Lef1, Fgf10, Gli3 and Bmp4 mRNAs. Mechanistically, Nolz1 regulates lung morphogenesis primarily through Wnt2 signaling. Loss-of-function and overexpression studies demonstrated that Nolz1 transcriptionally activated Wnt2 and downstream β-catenin signaling to control mesenchymal cell proliferation and epithelial branching. Exogenous Wnt2 could rescue defective proliferation and epithelial branching in Nolz1 knockout lungs. Finally, we identified Fgf9 as an upstream regulator of Nolz1. Collectively, Fgf9-Nolz1-Wnt2 signaling represents a novel axis in the control of lung morphogenesis. These findings are relevant to lung tumorigenesis, in which a pathological function of Nolz1 is implicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Yun Chen
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Chin Liu
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
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4
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Role of Groucho and Groucho1-like in Regulating Metamorphosis and Ovary Development in Nilaparvata lugens (Stål). Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031197. [PMID: 35163119 PMCID: PMC8835753 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Juvenile hormone and ecdysone are key regulators in the metamorphosis and development. Grocho (Gro) is a highly conserved protein required for metamorphosis and development. Brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens) is a major pest affecting rice production in China and many Asian countries. Although the molecular function of Gro has been investigated in holometabolous insects such as Aedes aegypti and Drosophila melanogaster, their role in the hemimetabolous insect, brown planthopper, and the relationship between NlGro/NlGro1-L and JH/ecdysone signaling pathway, remained unknown. In this study, NlGroucho (NlGro) and NlGroucho1-like (NlGro1-L) were cloned. An analysis of the predicted protein sequence showed that NlGro has highly conserved Q domain and WD40 domain, and NlGro1-L has a highly conserved WD40 domain. The expression profiles of both genes were studied by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Their relative expressions were high in egg, head, wing, ovary, and testis. NlGro and NlGro1-L were found to interact genetically with juvenile hormone and ecdysone signaling by hormone treatment and RNAi of JH/ecdysone signaling-related genes. Moreover, when NlGro or NlGro1-L was down-regulated alone, the survival rate was decreased, the ovarian development was delayed, and the oviposition was also affected. All defects were aggravated when NlGro and NlGro1-L were down-regulated together. This study will help to develop new pesticides on the basis of the function of NlGro and NlGro1-L, and provide new possibilities for the control of Nilaparvata lugens.
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Voutsadakis IA. Amplification of 8p11.23 in cancers and the role of amplicon genes. Life Sci 2020; 264:118729. [PMID: 33166592 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Copy number alterations are widespread in cancer genomes and are part of the genomic instability underlying the pathogenesis of neoplastic diseases. Recurrent copy number alterations of specific chromosomal loci may result in gains of oncogenes or losses of tumor suppressor genes and become entrenched in the genomic framework of certain types of cancers. The locus at chromosome 8p11.23 presents recurrent amplifications most commonly in squamous lung carcinomas, breast cancers, squamous esophageal carcinomas, and urothelial carcinomas. Amplification is rare in other cancers. The amplified segment involves several described oncogenes that may promote cancer cell survival and proliferation, as well as less well characterized genes that could also contribute to neoplastic processes. Genes proposed to be "drivers" in 8p11.23 amplifications include ZNF703, FGFR1 and PLPP5. Additional genes in the locus that could be functionally important in neoplastic networks include co-chaperone BAG4, lysine methyltransferase NSD3, ASH2L, a member of another methyltransferase complex, MLL and the mRNA processing and translation regulators LSM1 and EIF4EBP1. In this paper, genes located in the amplified segment of 8p11.23 will be examined for their role in cancer and data arguing for their importance for cancers with the amplification will be presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis A Voutsadakis
- Algoma District Cancer Program, Sault Area Hospital, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada; Section of Internal Medicine, Division of Clinical Sciences, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada.
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6
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Yang X, Liu G, Li W, Zang L, Li D, Wang Q, Yu F, Xiang X. Silencing of zinc finger protein 703 inhibits medullary thyroid carcinoma cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Oncol Lett 2019; 19:943-951. [PMID: 31897207 PMCID: PMC6924197 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.11153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc finger protein 703 (ZNF703) is a new member of the zinc finger protein family of transcription factors that plays an important role during embryogenesis in metazoans. The overexpression of ZNF703 contributes to tumorigenesis and progression of a number of malignancies by activating the Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway. This pathway is activated in medullary thyroid cancer (MTC), but its mechanism of action is not yet fully understood. The aim of the present study was to examine the role of ZNF703 and its association with Akt/mTOR activation in MTC. The present study used the phosphorylation of Akt1 protein at serine 473 (pAkt473) as an indicator of signaling activation. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining and western blot analyses were performed in order to examine the expression of ZNF703 in 34 cases of MTC and 12 cases of corresponding normal thyroid tissues. ZNF703 expression in MTC was significantly higher compared with the corresponding normal thyroid tissues (P<0.05). Furthermore, expression of ZNF703 was associated with tumor size, lymph node metastasis and advanced stage of disease. IHC also demonstrated that the level of ZNF703 was positively correlated with p-Akt473 in the 34 cases of MTC. The human MTC cell line TT was selected for further investigation as TT cells exhibit Akt/mTOR activation. The biological effects of silencing ZNF703 in TT cells on proliferation and apoptosis, both in vitro and in vivo were investigated in the present study. ZNF703 silencing inhibited the proliferation of TT cells in vitro and inhibited xenograft tumor growth in vivo. These effects were accompanied by the substantial decrease of pAkt473 and the induction of p53 protein. These results demonstrate that ZNF703 may play a relevant role in MTC due to its association with the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Yang
- Department of Endocrinology (Section I), Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, P.R. China
| | - Geling Liu
- Department of Endocrinology (Section I), Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, P.R. China
| | - Weijuan Li
- Department of Endocrinology (Section I), Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, P.R. China
| | - Luyang Zang
- Department of Endocrinology (Section I), Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, P.R. China
| | - Ding Li
- Department of Endocrinology (Section I), Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, P.R. China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- Department of Endocrinology (Section I), Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, P.R. China
| | - Fang Yu
- Department of Endocrinology (Section I), Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, P.R. China
| | - Xiuxiu Xiang
- Department of Endocrinology (Section I), Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, P.R. China
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Yin G, Liu Z, Wang Y, Sun L, Wang L, Yao B, Liu R, Chen T, Niu Y, Liu Q. ZNF503 accelerates aggressiveness of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by down-regulation of GATA3 expression and regulated by microRNA-495. Am J Transl Res 2019; 11:3426-3437. [PMID: 31312355 PMCID: PMC6614650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Zinc finger protein ZNF503 is an important regulator during developmental process and tumor initiation. ZNF503 drives tumor development and process and was cancer-specific dysregulated in cancers. However, its expression and function in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) still need to be studied and elucidated. In this study, we demonstrated for the first time that ZNF503 mRNA and protein was up-regulated in HCC tissues and cell lines. Clinical data showed that high ZNF503 was significantly correlated with poor prognostic features, including advanced TNM stage and venous invasion. Moreover, ZNF503 was identified as a potential 5-year prognostic marker of HCC patients. Notably, ZNF503 promoted migration, invasion and EMT progress. ZNF503 was recruited to GATA3 promoter and inhibited its expression. GATA3 inhibited HCC cells migration, invasion and EMT process. Furthermore, we demonstrated that ZNF503 expression was regulated by miR-495. In HCC tissues. MiR-495 has an inverse correlation with ZNF503 expression. Conclusively, our data revealed that ZNF503 promoted migration, invasion and EMT process through regulating GATA3 expression, which was regulated by miR-495, suggesting the potential therapeutic value for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guozhi Yin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University No. 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Zhikui Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University No. 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yufeng Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University No. 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Liankang Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University No. 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University No. 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Bowen Yao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University No. 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Runkun Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University No. 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Tianxiang Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University No. 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yongshen Niu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University No. 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Qingguang Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University No. 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an 710061, China
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8
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Hosseini M, Pratas D, Pinho AJ. AC: A Compression Tool for Amino Acid Sequences. Interdiscip Sci 2019; 11:68-76. [PMID: 30721401 DOI: 10.1007/s12539-019-00322-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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9
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Völkel S, Stielow B, Finkernagel F, Berger D, Stiewe T, Nist A, Suske G. Transcription factor Sp2 potentiates binding of the TALE homeoproteins Pbx1:Prep1 and the histone-fold domain protein Nf-y to composite genomic sites. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:19250-19262. [PMID: 30337366 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.005341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Different transcription factors operate together at promoters and enhancers to regulate gene expression. Transcription factors either bind directly to their target DNA or are tethered to it by other proteins. The transcription factor Sp2 serves as a paradigm for indirect genomic binding. It does not require its DNA-binding domain for genomic DNA binding and occupies target promoters independently of whether they contain a cognate DNA-binding motif. Hence, Sp2 is strikingly different from its closely related paralogs Sp1 and Sp3, but how Sp2 recognizes its targets is unknown. Here, we sought to gain more detailed insights into the genomic targeting mechanism of Sp2. ChIP-exo sequencing in mouse embryonic fibroblasts revealed genomic binding of Sp2 to a composite motif where a recognition sequence for TALE homeoproteins and a recognition sequence for the trimeric histone-fold domain protein nuclear transcription factor Y (Nf-y) are separated by 11 bp. We identified a complex consisting of the TALE homeobox protein Prep1, its partner PBX homeobox 1 (Pbx1), and Nf-y as the major partners in Sp2-promoter interactions. We found that the Pbx1:Prep1 complex together with Nf-y recruits Sp2 to co-occupied regulatory elements. In turn, Sp2 potentiates binding of Pbx1:Prep1 and Nf-y. We also found that the Sp-box, a short sequence motif close to the Sp2 N terminus, is crucial for Sp2's cofactor function. Our findings reveal a mechanism by which the DNA binding-independent activity of Sp2 potentiates genomic loading of Pbx1:Prep1 and Nf-y to composite motifs present in many promoters of highly expressed genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Völkel
- From the Institute of Molecular Biology and Tumor Research (IMT) and
| | - Bastian Stielow
- From the Institute of Molecular Biology and Tumor Research (IMT) and
| | | | - Dana Berger
- From the Institute of Molecular Biology and Tumor Research (IMT) and
| | - Thorsten Stiewe
- the Genomics Core Facility, Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology (ZTI), Philipps-University of Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Nist
- the Genomics Core Facility, Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology (ZTI), Philipps-University of Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Guntram Suske
- From the Institute of Molecular Biology and Tumor Research (IMT) and
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Hirata T, Koga K, Johnson TA, Morino R, Nakazono K, Kamitsuji S, Akita M, Kawajiri M, Kami A, Hoshi Y, Tada A, Ishikawa K, Hine M, Kobayashi M, Kurume N, Fujii T, Kamatani N, Osuga Y. Japanese GWAS identifies variants for bust-size, dysmenorrhea, and menstrual fever that are eQTLs for relevant protein-coding or long non-coding RNAs. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8502. [PMID: 29855537 PMCID: PMC5981393 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25065-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Traits related to primary and secondary sexual characteristics greatly impact females during puberty and day-to-day adult life. Therefore, we performed a GWAS analysis of 11,348 Japanese female volunteers and 22 gynecology-related phenotypic variables, and identified significant associations for bust-size, menstrual pain (dysmenorrhea) severity, and menstrual fever. Bust-size analysis identified significant association signals in CCDC170-ESR1 (rs6557160; P = 1.7 × 10-16) and KCNU1-ZNF703 (rs146992477; P = 6.2 × 10-9) and found that one-third of known European-ancestry associations were also present in Japanese. eQTL data points to CCDC170 and ZNF703 as those signals' functional targets. For menstrual fever, we identified a novel association in OPRM1 (rs17181171; P = 2.0 × 10-8), for which top variants were eQTLs in multiple tissues. A known dysmenorrhea signal near NGF replicated in our data (rs12030576; P = 1.1 × 10-19) and was associated with RP4-663N10.1 expression, a putative lncRNA enhancer of NGF, while a novel dysmenorrhea signal in the IL1 locus (rs80111889; P = 1.9 × 10-16) contained SNPs previously associated with endometriosis, and GWAS SNPs were most significantly associated with IL1A expression. By combining regional imputation with colocalization analysis of GWAS/eQTL signals along with integrated annotation with epigenomic data, this study further refines the sets of candidate causal variants and target genes for these known and novel gynecology-related trait loci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Hirata
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Kaori Koga
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | | | - Ryoko Morino
- EverGene Ltd., Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 163-1435, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | - Azusa Kami
- EverGene Ltd., Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 163-1435, Japan
| | - Yuria Hoshi
- Life Science Group, Healthcare Division, Department of Healthcare Business, MTI Ltd., Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 163-1435, Japan
| | - Asami Tada
- EverGene Ltd., Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 163-1435, Japan
| | | | - Maaya Hine
- LunaLuna Division, Department of Healthcare Business, MTI Ltd., Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 163-1435, Japan
| | - Miki Kobayashi
- LunaLuna Division, Department of Healthcare Business, MTI Ltd., Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 163-1435, Japan
| | - Nami Kurume
- LunaLuna Division, Department of Healthcare Business, MTI Ltd., Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 163-1435, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Fujii
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | | | - Yutaka Osuga
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
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Hong CS, Saint-Jeannet JP. Znf703, a novel target of Pax3 and Zic1, regulates hindbrain and neural crest development in Xenopus. Genesis 2017; 55. [PMID: 29086464 DOI: 10.1002/dvg.23082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The transcription factors Pax3 and Zic1 are critical to specify the neural plate border and to promote neural crest formation. In a microarray screen designed to identify genes regulated by Pax3 and Zic1 in Xenopus we isolated Znf703/Nlz1 a transcriptional repressor member of the NET (NocA/Nlz, Elbow, and TLP-1) protein family. At early neurula stage znf703 is expressed in the dorsal ectoderm, spanning the neural plate and neural plate border, with an anterior boundary of expression corresponding to rhombomeres 3 and 4 (r3/r4) in the prospective hindbrain. As a bonafide target of Pax3 and Zic1, znf703 is activated by neural plate border inducing signals, and its expression depends on Pax3 and Zic1 function in the embryo. Znf703 morpholino-mediated knockdown expanded several posterior hindbrain genes, while Znf703 overexpression completely obliterated the expression of these segmental genes, signifying that the transcriptional repressor activity of Znf703 is critical to pattern the hindbrain. Furthermore, snai2 and sox10 expression was severely impaired upon manipulation of Znf703 expression levels in the embryo suggesting that Znf703 participates in neural crest formation downstream of Pax3 and Zic1 in Xenopus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Soo Hong
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea.,Department of Basic Science & Craniofacial Biology, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York
| | - Jean-Pierre Saint-Jeannet
- Department of Basic Science & Craniofacial Biology, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York
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12
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Ribeiro L, Tobias-Santos V, Santos D, Antunes F, Feltran G, de Souza Menezes J, Aravind L, Venancio TM, Nunes da Fonseca R. Evolution and multiple roles of the Pancrustacea specific transcription factor zelda in insects. PLoS Genet 2017; 13:e1006868. [PMID: 28671979 PMCID: PMC5515446 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene regulatory networks (GRNs) evolve as a result of the coevolutionary processes acting on transcription factors (TFs) and the cis-regulatory modules they bind. The zinc-finger TF zelda (zld) is essential for the maternal-to-zygotic transition (MZT) in Drosophila melanogaster, where it directly binds over thousand cis-regulatory modules to regulate chromatin accessibility. D. melanogaster displays a long germ type of embryonic development, where all segments are simultaneously generated along the whole egg. However, it remains unclear if zld is also involved in the MZT of short-germ insects (including those from basal lineages) or in other biological processes. Here we show that zld is an innovation of the Pancrustacea lineage, being absent in more distant arthropods (e.g. chelicerates) and other organisms. To better understand zld´s ancestral function, we thoroughly investigated its roles in a short-germ beetle, Tribolium castaneum, using molecular biology and computational approaches. Our results demonstrate roles for zld not only during the MZT, but also in posterior segmentation and patterning of imaginal disc derived structures. Further, we also demonstrate that zld is critical for posterior segmentation in the hemipteran Rhodnius prolixus, indicating this function predates the origin of holometabolous insects and was subsequently lost in long-germ insects. Our results unveil new roles of zld in different biological contexts and suggest that changes in expression of zld (and probably other major TFs) are critical in the evolution of insect GRNs. Pioneer transcription factors (TFs) are considered the first regulators of chromatin accessibility in fruit flies and vertebrates, modulating the expression of a large number of target genes. In fruit flies, zelda resembles a pioneer TF, being essential during early embryogenesis. However, the evolutionary origins and ancestral functions of zelda remain largely unknown. Through a number of gene silencing, microscopy and evolutionary analysis, the present work shows that zelda is an innovation of the Pancrustacea lineage, governing not only the MZT in the short-germ insect Tribolium castaneum, but also posterior segmentation and post-embryonic patterning of imaginal disc derived structures such as wings, legs and antennae. Further, zelda regulation of posterior segmentation predates the origin of insects with complete metamorphosis (holometabolous), as supported by gene silencing experiments in the kissing bug Rhodnius prolixus. We hypothesize that the emergence of zelda contributed to the evolution of gene regulatory networks and new morphological structures of insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lupis Ribeiro
- Laboratório Integrado de Bioquímica Hatisaburo Masuda, Núcleo em Ecologia e Desenvolvimento SócioAmbiental de Macaé (NUPEM), Campus UFRJ Macaé, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular - INCT-EM, Macaé, Brazil
- Laboratório de Química e Função de Proteínas e Peptídeos, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular - INCT-EM, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Vitória Tobias-Santos
- Laboratório Integrado de Bioquímica Hatisaburo Masuda, Núcleo em Ecologia e Desenvolvimento SócioAmbiental de Macaé (NUPEM), Campus UFRJ Macaé, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular - INCT-EM, Macaé, Brazil
| | - Daniele Santos
- Laboratório Integrado de Bioquímica Hatisaburo Masuda, Núcleo em Ecologia e Desenvolvimento SócioAmbiental de Macaé (NUPEM), Campus UFRJ Macaé, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular - INCT-EM, Macaé, Brazil
| | - Felipe Antunes
- Laboratório Integrado de Bioquímica Hatisaburo Masuda, Núcleo em Ecologia e Desenvolvimento SócioAmbiental de Macaé (NUPEM), Campus UFRJ Macaé, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular - INCT-EM, Macaé, Brazil
| | - Geórgia Feltran
- Laboratório Integrado de Bioquímica Hatisaburo Masuda, Núcleo em Ecologia e Desenvolvimento SócioAmbiental de Macaé (NUPEM), Campus UFRJ Macaé, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular - INCT-EM, Macaé, Brazil
| | - Jackson de Souza Menezes
- Laboratório Integrado de Bioquímica Hatisaburo Masuda, Núcleo em Ecologia e Desenvolvimento SócioAmbiental de Macaé (NUPEM), Campus UFRJ Macaé, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular - INCT-EM, Macaé, Brazil
| | - L. Aravind
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Thiago M. Venancio
- Laboratório de Química e Função de Proteínas e Peptídeos, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular - INCT-EM, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- * E-mail: (TMV); (RNdF)
| | - Rodrigo Nunes da Fonseca
- Laboratório Integrado de Bioquímica Hatisaburo Masuda, Núcleo em Ecologia e Desenvolvimento SócioAmbiental de Macaé (NUPEM), Campus UFRJ Macaé, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular - INCT-EM, Macaé, Brazil
- * E-mail: (TMV); (RNdF)
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