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Li C, Pang M, Li Y, Han L, Fan Y, Xin X, Zhang X, Zhang N, Qin Y. Protective effect of vitamin C against tetrachlorobenzoquinone-induced 5-hydroxymethylation-dependent apoptosis in HepG2 cells mainly via the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 260:115097. [PMID: 37271103 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Tetrachlorobenzoquinone (TCBQ) is an active metabolite of pentachlorophenol, and stimulates the accumulation of ROS to trigger apoptosis. The preventive effect of vitamin C (Vc) against TCBQ-induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells is unknown. And there is little known about TCBQ-triggered 5-hydromethylcytosine (5hmC)-dependent apoptosis. Here, we confirmed that Vc alleviated TCBQ-induced apoptosis. Through investigating the underlying mechanism, we found TCBQ downregulated 5hmC levels of genomic DNA in a Tet-dependent manner, with a particularly pronounced decrease in the promoter region, using UHPLC-MS-MS analysis and hydroxymethylated DNA immunoprecipitation sequencing. Notably, TCBQ exposure resulted in alterations of 5hmC abundance to ∼91% of key genes at promoters in the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway, along with changes of mRNA expression in 87% of genes. By contrast, 5hmC abundance of genes only exhibited slight changes in the death receptor/ligand pathway. Interestingly, the pretreatment with Vc, a positive stimulator of 5hmC generation, restored 5hmC in the genomic DNA to near-normal levels. More notably, Vc pretreatment further counter-regulated TCBQ-induced alteration of 5hmC abundance in the promoter with 100% of genes, accompanying the reverse modulation of mRNA expressions in 89% of genes. These data from Vc pretreatment supported the relationship between TCBQ-induced apoptosis and the altered 5hmC abundance. Additionally, Vc also suppressed TCBQ-stimulated generation of ROS, and further increased the stability of mitochondria. Our study illuminates a new mechanism of TCBQ-induced 5hmC-dependent apoptosis, and the dual mechanisms of Vc against TCBQ-stimulated apoptosis via reversely regulating 5hmC levels and scavenging ROS. The work also provided a possible strategy for the detoxification of TCBQ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiping Li
- School of Public Health, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, PR China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Hebei Province, PR China; Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, PR China.
| | - Mengfan Pang
- School of Public Health, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, PR China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Hebei Province, PR China; Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, PR China
| | - Yaping Li
- School of Public Health, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, PR China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Hebei Province, PR China; Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, PR China.
| | - Lirong Han
- School of Public Health, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, PR China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Hebei Province, PR China; Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, PR China
| | - Yajiao Fan
- School of Public Health, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, PR China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Hebei Province, PR China; Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, PR China
| | - Xuelian Xin
- School of Public Health, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, PR China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Hebei Province, PR China; Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, PR China
| | - Xian Zhang
- School of Public Health, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, PR China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Hebei Province, PR China; Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, PR China
| | - Ning Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Dezhou University, Shandong 253023, PR China
| | - Yan Qin
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding 071002, PR China
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2
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Sun Q, Yang J, Fan Y, Cai K, Lu Z, He Z, Xu Z, Lai X, Zheng Y, Liu C, Wang F, Sun Z. The role of trace N-Oxyl compounds as redox mediator in enhancing antiviral ribavirin elimination in UV/Chlorine process. APPLIED CATALYSIS. B, ENVIRONMENTAL 2022; 317:121709. [PMID: 35812172 PMCID: PMC9254691 DOI: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2022.121709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Ribavirin (RBV) is an antiviral drug used for treating COVID-19 infection. Its release into natural waters would threaten the health of aquatic ecosystem. This study reports an effective approach to degrade RBV by the trace N-oxyl compounds (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl (TEMPO) and N-Hydroxyphthalimide (NHPI)) enhanced UV activated free chlorine (UV/Chlorine) process. The results indicated that TEMPO and NHPI at low concentrations (0.1 μM and 1 μM, respectively) could strongly enhance RBV degradation in both deionized water with different pHs and practical surface water. The enhancement was verified to be attributed to the transformation of TEMPO and NHPI into their reactive forms (i.e., TEMPO+ and PINO), which generations deeply relied on radicals. The two N-oxyl compounds inhibit ClO• yield by hindering the reaction of free chlorine vs. HO• and Cl•. The analyses on acute toxicities of RBV degradation products indicate that UV/Chlorine/N-oxyl compounds process can detoxify RBV more efficiently than UV/Chlorine process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyuan Sun
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Resource Reuse, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
| | - Jing Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
| | - Yongjie Fan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
| | - Kaicong Cai
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Zhilei Lu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
| | - Zhenle He
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
| | - Zeping Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
| | - Xingteng Lai
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
| | - Yuyi Zheng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
| | - Changqing Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
| | - Feifeng Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Resource Reuse, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
| | - Zhe Sun
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuang-qing Road, Beijing 100085, China
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Henkelmann G, Waldow D, Liu M, Lührs L, Li Y, Weissmüller J. Self-Detachment and Subsurface Densification of Dealloyed Nanoporous Thin Films. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:6787-6793. [PMID: 35952308 PMCID: PMC9413411 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c02666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Experiment shows thin films of dealloyed nanoporous gold (NPG) spontaneously detaching from massive gold base layers. NPG can also densify near its external surface. This is naturally reproduced by kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) simulation of dealloying and coarsening and so appears generic for nanoscale network materials evolving by surface diffusion. Near the porous layer's external surface and near its interface with the base layer, gradients in the depth-profile of a laterally averaged mean surface curvature provide driving forces for diffusion and cause divergences of the net fluxes of matter, leading to accretion/densification or to erosion/disconnection. As a toy model, the morphology evolution of substrate-supported nanopillars by surface diffusion illustrates and confirms our considerations. Contrary to cylindrical nanowires, the ligaments in nanoporous materials exhibit pre-existing gradients in the mean curvature. The Plateau-Rayleigh long-wavelength stability criterion is then not applicable and the disconnection accelerated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gideon Henkelmann
- Institute
of Materials Physics and Technology, Hamburg
University of Technology, 21073 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Diana Waldow
- Institute
of Materials Physics and Technology, Hamburg
University of Technology, 21073 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Maowen Liu
- Institute
of Materials Physics and Technology, Hamburg
University of Technology, 21073 Hamburg, Germany
- Institute
of Materials Mechanics, Helmholtz-Zentrum
Hereon, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Lukas Lührs
- Institute
of Materials Physics and Technology, Hamburg
University of Technology, 21073 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Yong Li
- Institute
of Materials Physics and Technology, Hamburg
University of Technology, 21073 Hamburg, Germany
- Institute
of Materials Mechanics, Helmholtz-Zentrum
Hereon, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Jörg Weissmüller
- Institute
of Materials Physics and Technology, Hamburg
University of Technology, 21073 Hamburg, Germany
- Institute
of Materials Mechanics, Helmholtz-Zentrum
Hereon, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
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Du L, Wang B, Diao Y, Yuan J, Zhang F, Zhou H. Optimization of Methyl Anthranilate Synthesis Process by Response Surface Methodology and Its Reaction Mechanism. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1751357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractIn this paper, a unique process for the production of methyl anthranilate (MA) was investigated. The factors of the phthalimide/sodium hypochlorite/methanol molar ratio, reaction temperature, hydrolysis temperature, and water consumption on the yield and purity of MA were analyzed. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize conditions for the semi-batch synthesis process of MA. The best synthetic conditions for the formation of MA were reaction temperature 0.5 °C, hydrolysis temperature 70 °C and n(phthalimide)/n(sodium hypochlorite)/n(methanol) = 1:2.03:5.87, and water consumption m(H2O)/m(phthalimide) = 7.16:1. The yield of MA could reach 90% under the optimal conditions, which is more than 10% higher than that of the previous semi-batch process. Furthermore, the reaction mechanism was investigated by infrared spectroscopy analysis, and the mechanism of ester group formation and the structure of intermediate products are proposed. The byproduct of the reaction was studied by GC-MS analysis, a byproduct called 2-cyanobenzoic acid has been discovered. Therefore, an unprecedented reaction mechanism of the whole synthesis process is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Du
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology
| | - Ben Wang
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology
| | - Yanwei Diao
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology
| | - Jinqiu Yuan
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology
| | - Fuyue Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology
| | - Haoyu Zhou
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology
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Naeem AG, El-Naga RN, Michel HE. Nebivolol elicits a neuroprotective effect in the cuprizone model of multiple sclerosis in mice: emphasis on M1/M2 polarization and inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Inflammopharmacology 2022; 30:2197-2209. [PMID: 35948811 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-01045-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating neurodegenerative inflammatory disease affecting mainly young adults. Microgliosis-derived neuroinflammation represents a key hallmark in MS pathology and progression. Nebivolol (Neb) demonstrated antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties in several brain pathologies. This study was conducted to investigate the potential neuroprotective effect of Neb in the cuprizone (Cup) model of MS. METHODS C57Bl/6 mice were fed 0.2% Cup mixed into rodent chow for 5 weeks. Neb (5 and 10 mg/kg/day) was administered by oral gavage during the last 2 weeks. RESULTS Neb prevented Cup-induced weight loss and motor deficits as evidenced by increased latency to fall in the rotarod test and enhanced locomotor activity as compared to Cup-intoxicated mice. Neb reversed Cup-induced demyelination as confirmed by Luxol fast blue staining and myelin basic protein western blotting. Administration of Neb modulated microglial activation status by suppressing M1 markers (Iba-1, CD86, iNOS, NO and TNF-α) and increasing M2 markers (Arg-1 and IL-10) as compared to Cup-fed mice. Furthermore, Neb hindered NLRP3/caspase-1/IL-18 inflammatory cascade and alleviated oxidative stress by reducing lipid peroxidation, as well as increasing catalase and superoxide dismutase activities. CONCLUSION These findings suggest the potential neuroprotective effect of Neb in the Cup-induced model of MS in mice, at least partially by virtue of shifting microglia towards M2 phenotype, mitigation of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and alleviation of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoinette G Naeem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Reem N El-Naga
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Haidy E Michel
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Xie LN, Huang CH, Xu D, Qin L, Li F, Shan GQ, Liu ZS, Cao D, Geng FL, Mao L, Shao J, Sheng ZG, Zhu BZ. Structure-Activity Relationship Investigation on Reaction Mechanism between Chlorinated Quinoid Carcinogens and Clinically-Used Aldoxime Nerve-Agent Antidote under Physiological Condition. Chem Res Toxicol 2021; 34:1091-1100. [PMID: 33656317 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.0c00504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Pyridinium aldoximes are best-known therapeutic antidotes used for clinical treatment of poisonings by organophosphorus nerve-agents and pesticides. Recently, we found that pralidoxime (2-PAM, a currently clinically used nerve-agent antidote) could also detoxify tetrachloro-1,4-benzoquinone (TCBQ), which is a carcinogenic quinoid metabolite of the widely used wood preservative pentachlorophenol under normal physiological conditions, via an unusually mild and facile Beckmann fragmentation mechanism accompanied by radical homolysis. However, it is not clear whether the less-chlorinated benzoquinones (CnBQs, n ≤ 3) act similarly; if so, what is the structure-activity relationship? In this study, we found that (1) The stability of reaction intermediates produced by different CnBQs and 2-PAM was dependent not only on the position but also the degree of Cl-substitution on CnBQs, which can be divided into TCBQ- and DCBQ (dichloro-1,4-benzoquinone)-subgroup; (2) The pKa value of hydroxlated quinones (Cn-1BQ-OHs, the hydrolysis products of CnBQs), determined the stability of corresponding intermediates, that is, the decomposition rate of the intermediates depended on the acidity of Cn-1BQ-OHs; (3) The pKa value of the corresponding Cn-1BQ-OHs could also determine the reaction ratio of Beckmann fragmentation to radical homolysis in CnBQs/2-PAM. These new findings on the structure-activity relationship of the halogenated quinoid carcinogens detoxified by pyridinium aldoxime therapeutic agents via Beckmann fragmentation and radical homolysis reaction may have broad implications on future biomedical and environmental research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Na Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, P. R. China.,China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Chun-Hua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, P. R. China
| | - Dan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, P. R. China
| | - Li Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, P. R. China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences and Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Feng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, P. R. China
| | - Guo-Qiang Shan
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhi-Sheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, P. R. China
| | - Dong Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, P. R. China
| | - Fang-Lan Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, P. R. China
| | - Li Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, P. R. China
| | - Jie Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Guo Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, P. R. China
| | - Ben-Zhan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, P. R. China.,Joint Institute for Environmental Science, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences and Hong Kong Baptist University, Beijing/Hong Kong, P. R. China
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7
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Liu Z, Lv X, Yang B, Qin Q, Song E, Song Y. Tetrachlorobenzoquinone exposure triggers ferroptosis contributing to its neurotoxicity. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 264:128413. [PMID: 33017703 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Halogenated quinones are representative metabolites of persistent organic pollutants. Tetrachlorobenzoquinone (TCBQ) is a reactive metabolite of the widely used fungicide hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and wood preservative pentachlorophenol (PCP). Our previous studies have demonstrated that TCBQ induced neuron-like cell apoptosis in a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent manner. Here, we found that TCBQ caused lipid peroxidation and cellular morphological changes including shrinked mitochondrial size, suggesting the involvement of a recently uncovered form of programmed cell death (PCD), ferroptosis. Indeed, we then identified that ferroptosis is a novel PCD driven by TCBQ, which was correlated with a decrease in glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) level and iron accumulation by altering iron metabolism. Notably, nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 (Nrf2) is a negative regulator in modulating the outcomes of ferroptosis as an adaptive cellular defense response. Nrf2 activation enhanced iron storage capacity and GPX4 activity by elevating ferritin heavy chain 1 (FTH1) expression and glutathione (GSH) level, respectively. On the contrary, Nfe2l2 (Nrf2) deficiency enhanced PC12 cells susceptibility to ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuying Lv
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingwei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Qin
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Erqun Song
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Song
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China.
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8
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Mao L, Huang CH, Shao B, Qin L, Tang M, Yan ZY, Liu ZS, Shao J, Sheng ZG, Zhu BZ. The critical role of superoxide anion radicals on delaying tetrachlorohydroquinone autooxidation by penicillamine. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 163:369-378. [PMID: 33352220 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
We have recently found that penicillamine, a classic copper-chelating thiol-drug for Wilson's disease, can delay tetrachlorohydroquinone (TCHQ) autooxidation via a previously unrecognized redox-activity. However, its underlying molecular mechanism remains not fully understood. In this study, we found, interestingly and unexpectedly, that superoxide dismutase (SOD) can significantly shorten the delay of TCHQ autooxidation by penicillamine, but not by ascorbate; SOD can also markedly increase the yields of the oxidized form of penicillamine. Similar effects were observed with a recently-developed specific and sensitive superoxide anion radical (O2•-) probe CT-02H, which was also employed to successfully measure O2•- generated from both TCHQ and TCHQ/penicillamine systems for the first time. More importantly, addition of extra O2•- (KO2/18-crown-6) can further prolong the delaying effects by penicillamine and slow down penicillamine consumption. Taken together, an unexpected critical role of O2•- in TCHQ/penicillamine interaction was proposed: O2•- may regenerate penicillamine, thereby continuously reducing TCSQ•- to TCHQ and finally delaying TCHQ autooxidation; In contrast, if O2•- were eliminated, which can not only markedly change the reaction equilibrium, accelerate the rate of interaction, and ultimately shorten the delay of TCHQ autooxidation by penicillamine, but can also accelerate penicillamine oxidation to form its corresponding disulfide solely via redox reaction without any minor nucleophilic reaction. These findings not only further support our previously-proposed redox mechanism for the protection against TCHQ-induced cytotoxicity by penicillamine, but also reveal a new mode of action for O2•- in the inhibition of haloquinoids-induced toxicity by thiol antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Chun-Hua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Bo Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Li Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Miao Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Zhu-Ying Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Zhi-Sheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Jie Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Zhi-Guo Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Ben-Zhan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China; Joint Institute for Environmental Science, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences and Hong Kong Baptist University, Beijing, Hong Kong, PR China.
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9
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Shao J, Huang CH, Shao B, Qin L, Xu D, Li F, Qu N, Xie LN, Kalyanaraman B, Zhu BZ. Potent Oxidation of DNA by Haloquinoid Disinfection Byproducts to the More Mutagenic Imidazolone dIz via an Unprecedented Haloquinone-Enoxy Radical-Mediated Mechanism. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:6244-6253. [PMID: 32323976 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b07886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Halogenated quinones are a class of carcinogenic intermediates and newly identified chlorination disinfection byproducts in drinking water. We found recently that halogenated quinones could enhance the decomposition of hydroperoxides independent of transition-metal ions and formation of the novel quinone enoxy/ketoxy radicals. Here, we show that the major oxidation product was 2-amino-5-[(2-deoxy-β-d-erythro-pentofuranosyl)amino]-4H-imidazol-4-one (dIz) when the nucleoside 2'-deoxyguanosine (dG) was treated with tetrachloro-1,4-benzoquinone (TCBQ) and t-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BuOOH). The formation of dIz was markedly inhibited by typical radical spin-trapping agents. Interestingly and unexpectedly, we found that the generated quinone enoxy radical played a critical role in dIz formation. Using [15N5]-8-oxodG, dIz was found to be produced either directly from dG or through the transient formation of 8-oxodG. Based on these data, we proposed that the production of dIz might be through an unusual haloquinone-enoxy radical-mediated mechanism. Analogous results were observed in the oxidation of ctDNA by TCBQ/t-BuOOH and when t-BuOOH was substituted by the endogenously generated physiologically relevant hydroperoxide 13S-hydroperoxy-9Z,11E-octadecadienoic acid. This is the first report that halogenated quinoid carcinogens and hydroperoxides can induce potent oxidation of dG to the more mutagenic product dIz via an unprecedented quinone-enoxy radical-mediated mechanism, which may partly explain their potential carcinogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Eco-toxicology, Research Centre for Eco-environmental Sciences and University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China
| | - Chun-Hua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Eco-toxicology, Research Centre for Eco-environmental Sciences and University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China
| | - Bo Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Eco-toxicology, Research Centre for Eco-environmental Sciences and University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China
| | - Li Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Eco-toxicology, Research Centre for Eco-environmental Sciences and University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China
| | - Dan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Eco-toxicology, Research Centre for Eco-environmental Sciences and University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China
| | - Feng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Eco-toxicology, Research Centre for Eco-environmental Sciences and University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China
| | - Na Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Eco-toxicology, Research Centre for Eco-environmental Sciences and University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China
| | - Lin-Na Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Eco-toxicology, Research Centre for Eco-environmental Sciences and University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China
| | - Balaraman Kalyanaraman
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, United States
| | - Ben-Zhan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Eco-toxicology, Research Centre for Eco-environmental Sciences and University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China
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10
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Huang CH, Xu D, Qin L, Tang TS, Shan GQ, Xie LN, Li PL, Mao L, Shao J, Zhu BZ. Unexpected activation of N-alkyl hydroxamic acids to produce reactive N-centered free radicals and DNA damage by carcinogenic chlorinated quinones under normal physiological conditions. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 146:70-78. [PMID: 31626947 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
We found recently that benzohydroxamic acid (BHA) could detoxify the chlorinated quinoid carcinogens via an unusual Lossen rearrangement reaction. However, it is not clear what would happen when the nitrogen hydrogen of BHA was substituted with methyl and other alkyl groups. Here we show that N-methyl benzohydroxamic acid (N-MeBHA, a simple model compound for the classic iron-chelator deferoxamine, which is a typical N-alkyl trihydroxamic acid) could react with 2,5-dichloro-1,4-benzoquinone (DCBQ) to form a relatively stable initial carbon-oxygen bonding conjugation intermediate CBQ-O-N-MeBHA. However, the major final product was identified, unexpectedly, as a carbon-nitrogen bonding conjugate CBQ(OH)-N(CH3)-COAr, which is the rearranged isomer of CBQ-O-N-MeBHA. Interestingly, a new 18-line nitrogen-centered radical and a carbon-centered quinone ketoxy radical were observed by the ESR spin-trapping method, which was further confirmed by HPLC-MS and 15N-isotope labeling methods. We further found that both new DNA adducts and DNA strand breaks could be produced by the reactive nitrogen-centered radical. Taken together, we propose that the reaction between DCBQ and N-MeBHA was not via the Lossen rearrangement, but rather through a novel radical homolysis and recoupling pathway. Analogous results were observed for other chlorinated quinones and N-alkyl hydroxamic acids including the widely-used trihydroxamate iron-chelating drug deferoxamine. This represents the first report of unexpected radical pathway for the reaction between chlorinated quinones and N-alkyl hydroxamic acids under normal physiological conditions, which may have broad biological and environmental significance for future study of carcinogenic chloroquinones and hydroxamic acid drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Hua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Dan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Li Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Tian-Shu Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Guo-Qiang Shan
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Lin-Na Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Pei-Lin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Li Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Jie Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Ben-Zhan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China; Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA; Joint Institute for Environmental Science, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences and Hong Kong Baptist University, Beijing/Hong Kong, PR China.
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11
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Jia M, Zhang H, Lin Y, Chen D, Chen Y, Xia Y. Consecutive Lossen rearrangement/transamidation reaction of hydroxamic acids under catalyst- and additive-free conditions. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 16:3615-3624. [PMID: 29708257 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob00490k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The Lossen rearrangement is a classic process for transforming activated hydroxamic acids into isocyanate under basic or thermal conditions. In the current report we disclosed a consecutive Lossen rearrangement/transamidation reaction in which unactivated hydroxamic acids were converted into N-substituted formamides in a one-pot manner under catalyst- and additive-free conditions. One feature of this novel transformation is that the formamide plays triple roles in the reaction by acting as a readily available solvent, a promoter for additive-free Lossen rearrangement, and a source of the formyl group in the final products. Acyl groups other than formyl could also be introduced into the product when changing the solvent to other low molecular weight aliphatic amide derivatives. The solvent-promoted Lossen rearrangement was better understood by DFT calculations, and the intermediacy of isocyanate and amine was supported well by experiments, in which the desired products were obtained in excellent yields under similar conditions. Not only monosubstituted formamides were synthesized from hydroxamic acids, but also N,N-disubstituted formamides were obtained when secondary amines were used as precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Jia
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
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12
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Xie LN, Huang CH, Xu D, Li F, Zhu JG, Shen C, Shao B, Gao HY, Kalyanaraman B, Zhu BZ. Unusual Double Beckmann Fragmentation Reaction under Physiological Conditions. J Org Chem 2017; 82:13084-13092. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b02106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Na Xie
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research
Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, P. R. China
| | - Chun-Hua Huang
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research
Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, P. R. China
| | - Dan Xu
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research
Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, P. R. China
| | - Feng Li
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research
Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, P. R. China
| | - Jun-Ge Zhu
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research
Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, P. R. China
| | - Chen Shen
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research
Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, P. R. China
| | - Bo Shao
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research
Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, P. R. China
| | - Hui-Ying Gao
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research
Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, P. R. China
| | - Balaraman Kalyanaraman
- Department
of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, United States
| | - Ben-Zhan Zhu
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research
Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, P. R. China
- Linus
Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
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