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Xiao T, Wei M, Guo X, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Xia X, Qi X, Wang L, Li X, Leng SX. Immunogenicity and safety of quadrivalent influenza vaccine among young and older adults in Tianjin, China: implication of immunosenescence as a risk factor. Immun Ageing 2023; 20:37. [PMID: 37501123 PMCID: PMC10373264 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-023-00364-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Older adults are more vulnerable to seasonal influenza than younger adults. The immune responses of older persons to the influenza vaccine are usually poorer than those of young individuals, which is hypothesized due to immunosenescence. We conducted a study to evaluate the immunogenicity and safety of a quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV4) in a total of 167 young (< 65 years, n = 79) and older (≥ 65 years, n = 88) adults from October 2021 to March 2022 in Tianjin, China. A single dose was administered to all participants. Blood samples were collected and strain-specific hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) antibody titers were measured before and 21 to 28 days after vaccination. Safety information was also collected for 28 days and 6 months after vaccination. Differences in immunogenicity and safety were compared between young and old age groups, and multivariate logistic regression was used to estimate the effect of age and other factors on HAI antibody responses. RESULTS Overall, geometric mean titers (GMTs) against all four vaccine strains in older adults were lower than those in the young, whereas the seroconversion rates (SCRs) were similar. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age, influenza vaccination history, and pre-vaccination HAI titers were independent factors affecting SCRs and seroprotection rates (SCRs). Older age had significant negative impact on SCRs against H1N1 (OR, 0.971; 95% CI: 0.944-0.999; P = 0.042) and B/Victoria (OR, 0.964; 95% CI: 0.937-0.992; P = 0.011). In addition, there was a significant negative correlation between chronological age (years) and post-vaccination HAI titers against H1N1 (rho = -0.2298, P < 0.0001), B/Victoria (rho = -0.2235, P = 0.0037), and B/Yamagata (rho = -0.3689, P < 0.0001). All adverse events were mild (grade 1 or grade 2) that occurred within 28 days after vaccination, and no serious adverse event was observed. CONCLUSIONS IIV4 is immunogenic and well-tolerated in young and older adults living in Tianjin, China. Our findings also indicate that age is an independent factor associated with poorer humoral immune responses to IIV4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongling Xiao
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, 23 Pingjiang Road, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Miaomiao Wei
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, 23 Pingjiang Road, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Xiaokun Guo
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhongyan Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Xia
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, 23 Pingjiang Road, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Xuemei Qi
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, 23 Pingjiang Road, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, 23 Pingjiang Road, Tianjin, 300211, China.
| | - Sean X Leng
- Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- School of Medicine and Bloomberg School of Public Health, Division of Geriatric, Johns Hopkins Center On Aging and Immune Remodeling, Johns Hopkins University, JHAAC Room 1A.38A, 5501 Hopkins Bayview Circle, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
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Boudreau CM, Burke JS, Roederer AL, Gorman MJ, Mundle S, Lingwood D, Delagrave S, Sridhar S, Ross TM, Kleanthous H, Alter G. Pre-existing Fc profiles shape the evolution of neutralizing antibody breadth following influenza vaccination. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:100975. [PMID: 36921600 PMCID: PMC10040413 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.100975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Under the ever-present threat of a pandemic influenza strain, the evolution of a broadly reactive, neutralizing, functional, humoral immune response may hold the key to protection against both circulating and emerging influenza strains. We apply a systems approach to profile hemagglutinin- and neuraminidase-specific humoral signatures that track with the evolution of broad immunity in a cohort of vaccinated individuals and validate these findings in a second longitudinal cohort. Multivariate analysis reveals the presence of a unique pre-existing Fcγ-receptor-binding antibody profile in individuals that evolved broadly reactive hemagglutination inhibition activity (HAI), marked by the presence of elevated levels of pre-existing FCGR2B-binding antibodies. Moreover, vaccination with FCGR2B-binding antibody-opsonized influenza results in enhanced antibody titers and HAI activity in a murine model. Together, these data suggest that pre-existing FCGR2B binding antibodies are a key correlate of the evolution of broadly protective influenza-specific antibodies, providing insight for the design of next-generation influenza vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn M Boudreau
- PhD Program in Virology, Division of Medical Sciences, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - John S Burke
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Alexander L Roederer
- PhD Program in Virology, Division of Medical Sciences, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Matthew J Gorman
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Sophia Mundle
- Discovery North America, Sanofi-Pasteur, Inc., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Daniel Lingwood
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | | | - Saranya Sridhar
- Discovery North America, Sanofi-Pasteur, Inc., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Ted M Ross
- University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | | | - Galit Alter
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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Praphasiri P, Prasert K, Shrestha M, Ditsungnoen D, Chittaganpich M, Chawalchitiporn S, Dawood FS, Sirilak S, Mott JA. Does prior vaccination affect the immune response to seasonal influenza vaccination among older adults? Findings from a prospective cohort study in a Northeastern Province of Thailand. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0279962. [PMID: 36735691 PMCID: PMC9897550 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We measured the immunogenicity of seasonal trivalent inactivated influenza vaccines (IIV3) among older Thai adults and the effect of one-year prior vaccination status on immune responses. METHOD Adults aged ≥65 years (n = 370) were vaccinated with Southern Hemisphere IIV3 in 2015. Hemagglutination inhibition assays were performed using goose red blood cells on sera collected from the participants at baseline and after 1, 6, and 12 months of vaccination. Prior year vaccination (in 2014) was verified with the national health security office database. We analyzed the associations between prior vaccination and geometric mean titers (GMT) at each time point using generalized linear regression on logged transformed titers, and seroprotection and seroconversion using Log-binomial regression. RESULTS At baseline, previously vaccinated participants (n = 203) had a significantly higher GMT and seroprotection against all three influenza strains than those previously unvaccinated (n = 167) (all p-values <0.001). Seroprotection rates were similar after one month in both groups for A(H1N1)pdm09 (adjusted risk ratio [aRR] 1.10, 95% CI 0.97-1.25), and A(H3N2) (aRR 1.08, 95% CI 0.87-1.33), but higher in previously vaccinated persons for B (aRR 1.20, 95% CI 1.08-1.32). At 12 months, 50% or more had seroprotection in previously vaccinated group with no difference between previously vaccinated or unvaccinated persons. Seroconversion was lower in the previously vaccinated group for A(H1N1)pdm09 (aRR 0.62, 95% CI 0.43-0.89), but did not differ between the two groups for A(H3N2) (aRR 0.94, 95% CI 0.69-1.28) and B (aRR 0.85, 95% CI 0.60-1.20). CONCLUSION Influenza vaccination elicited good humoral response in older Thai adults. While seroconversion seemed attenuated in persons previously vaccinated for influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 (the only vaccine strain not to change), this was not apparent for influenza A(H3N2) and B, and prior vaccination was not associated with any inhibition in seroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabda Praphasiri
- Influenza Program, Thailand MOPH-US CDC Collaboration, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | | | - Manash Shrestha
- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | | | | | | | - Fatimah S. Dawood
- Influenza Division, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - Supakit Sirilak
- Office of The Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Joshua A. Mott
- Influenza Program, Thailand MOPH-US CDC Collaboration, Nonthaburi, Thailand
- Influenza Division, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
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Capão A, Aguiar-Oliveira ML, Caetano BC, Neves TK, Resende PC, Almeida WAF, Miranda MD, Martins-Filho OA, Brown D, Siqueira MM, Garcia CC. Analysis of Viral and Host Factors on Immunogenicity of 2018, 2019, and 2020 Southern Hemisphere Seasonal Trivalent Inactivated Influenza Vaccine in Adults in Brazil. Viruses 2022; 14:1692. [PMID: 36016313 PMCID: PMC9413331 DOI: 10.3390/v14081692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Annual vaccination against influenza is the best tool to prevent deaths and hospitalizations. Regular updates of trivalent inactivated influenza vaccines (TIV) are necessary due to high mutation rates in influenza viruses. TIV effectiveness is affected by antigenic mismatches, age, previous immunity, and other host factors. Studying TIV effectiveness annually in different populations is critical. The serological responses to Southern-Hemisphere TIV and circulating influenza strains were evaluated in 2018−2020 among Brazilian volunteers, using hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assays. Post-vaccination titers were corrected to account for pre-vaccination titers. Our population achieved >83% post-vaccination seroprotection levels, whereas seroconversion rates ranged from 10% to 46%. TIV significantly enhanced antibody titers and seroprotection against all prior and contemporary vaccine and circulating strains tested. Strong cross-reactive responses were detected, especially between H1N1 subtypes. A/Singapore/INFIMH-16-0019/2016, included in the 2018 TIV, induced the poorest response. Significant titer and seroprotection reductions were observed 6 and 12 months after vaccination. Age had a slight effect on TIV response, whereas previous vaccination was associated with lower seroconversion rates and titers. Despite this, TIV induced high seroprotection for all strains, in all groups. Regular TIV evaluations, based on regional influenza strain circulation, should be conducted and the factors affecting response studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artur Capão
- Laboratory of Respiratory Viruses and Measles, National Influenza Center (NIC)/World Health Organization (WHO), Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (A.C.); (M.L.A.-O.); (B.C.C.); (T.K.N.); (P.C.R.); (M.D.M.); (D.B.); (M.M.S.)
| | - Maria L. Aguiar-Oliveira
- Laboratory of Respiratory Viruses and Measles, National Influenza Center (NIC)/World Health Organization (WHO), Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (A.C.); (M.L.A.-O.); (B.C.C.); (T.K.N.); (P.C.R.); (M.D.M.); (D.B.); (M.M.S.)
| | - Braulia C. Caetano
- Laboratory of Respiratory Viruses and Measles, National Influenza Center (NIC)/World Health Organization (WHO), Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (A.C.); (M.L.A.-O.); (B.C.C.); (T.K.N.); (P.C.R.); (M.D.M.); (D.B.); (M.M.S.)
| | - Thayssa K. Neves
- Laboratory of Respiratory Viruses and Measles, National Influenza Center (NIC)/World Health Organization (WHO), Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (A.C.); (M.L.A.-O.); (B.C.C.); (T.K.N.); (P.C.R.); (M.D.M.); (D.B.); (M.M.S.)
| | - Paola C. Resende
- Laboratory of Respiratory Viruses and Measles, National Influenza Center (NIC)/World Health Organization (WHO), Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (A.C.); (M.L.A.-O.); (B.C.C.); (T.K.N.); (P.C.R.); (M.D.M.); (D.B.); (M.M.S.)
| | - Walquiria A. F. Almeida
- Secretariat of Surveillance in Health (SVS), Ministry of Health (MoH), Brasília-Federal District, Rio de Janeiro 70723-040, Brazil;
| | - Milene D. Miranda
- Laboratory of Respiratory Viruses and Measles, National Influenza Center (NIC)/World Health Organization (WHO), Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (A.C.); (M.L.A.-O.); (B.C.C.); (T.K.N.); (P.C.R.); (M.D.M.); (D.B.); (M.M.S.)
| | - Olindo A.ssis Martins-Filho
- Grupo Integrado de Pesquisas em Biomarcadores, René Rachou Institute, FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte 30190-002, Brazil;
| | - David Brown
- Laboratory of Respiratory Viruses and Measles, National Influenza Center (NIC)/World Health Organization (WHO), Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (A.C.); (M.L.A.-O.); (B.C.C.); (T.K.N.); (P.C.R.); (M.D.M.); (D.B.); (M.M.S.)
- UK Health Security Agency, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, UK
| | - Marilda M. Siqueira
- Laboratory of Respiratory Viruses and Measles, National Influenza Center (NIC)/World Health Organization (WHO), Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (A.C.); (M.L.A.-O.); (B.C.C.); (T.K.N.); (P.C.R.); (M.D.M.); (D.B.); (M.M.S.)
| | - Cristiana C. Garcia
- Laboratory of Respiratory Viruses and Measles, National Influenza Center (NIC)/World Health Organization (WHO), Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (A.C.); (M.L.A.-O.); (B.C.C.); (T.K.N.); (P.C.R.); (M.D.M.); (D.B.); (M.M.S.)
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5
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Liu W, Lien YH, Lee PI, Chan TC, Wang LC, Yang CR, Ho MS, Chen JR, Ku CC, King CC. Impact of prior infection and repeated vaccination on post-vaccination antibody titers of the influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 strain in Taiwan schoolchildren: Implications for public health. Vaccine 2022; 40:3402-3411. [PMID: 35525727 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.03.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of prior-infection and repeated vaccination on post-vaccination antibody titers. METHODS A(H1N1)pdm09 strain was included in 2009 pandemic monovalent, 2010-2011, and 2011-2012 trivalent influenza vaccines (MIVpdm09, TIV10/11, TIV11/12) in Taiwan. During the 2011-2012 influenza season, we conducted a prospective sero-epidemiological cohort study among schoolchildren from grades 1 - 6 in the two elementary schools in Taipei with documented A(H1N1)pdm09 vaccination records since 2009. Serum samples were collected at pre-vaccination, 1-month, and 4-months post-vaccination (T1, T2, T3). Anti-A(H1N1)pdm09 hemagglutination inhibition titers (HI-Ab-titers) were examined. We also investigated the impact of four vaccination histories [(1) no previous vaccination (None), (2) vaccinated in 2009-2010 season (09v), (3) vaccinated in 2010-2011 season (10v), and (4) vaccinated consecutively in 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 seasons (09v + 10v)] and pre-vaccination HI-Ab levels on post-vaccination HI-Ab responses as well as adjusted vaccine effectiveness (aVE) against serologically-defined infection from T2 to T3. RESULTS TIV11/12 had zero serious adverse events reported. A(H1N1)pdm09 strain in TIV11/12 elicited seroprotective Ab-titers in 98% of children and showed promising protection (aVE: 70.3% [95% confidence interval (CI): 51.0-82.1%]). Previously unvaccinated but infected children had a 3.96 times higher T2 geometric mean titer (T2-GMT) of HI-Ab than those naïve to A(H1N1)pdm09 (GMT [95% CI]: 1039.7[585.3-1845.9] vs. 262.5[65.9-1045], p = 0.046). Previously vaccinated children with seroprotective T1-Ab-titers had a higher T2-GMT and a greater aVE than those with non-seroprotective T1-Ab-titers. Repeatedly vaccinated children had lower T2-GMT than those receiving primary doses of TIV11/12. However, after controlling prior infection and T1-Ab-titers, differences in T2-GMT among the four vaccination histories became insignificant (p = 0.16). CONCLUSION This study supports the implementation of annual mass-vaccination with A(H1N1)pdm09 in schoolchildren for three consecutive influenza seasons when vaccine and circulating strains were well matched, and found that prior infection and pre-vaccination HI-Ab levels positively impacted post-vaccination HI-Ab responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University (NTU), Taipei 100, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Hui Lien
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University (NTU), Taipei 100, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ping-Ing Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, NTU Hospital and NTU College of Medicine, Taipei 100, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ta-Chien Chan
- Research Center for Humanities and Social Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan, ROC
| | | | - Chin-Rur Yang
- Institute of Immunology, NTU College of Medicine, Taipei 100, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Mei-Shang Ho
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan, ROC
| | | | - Chia-Chi Ku
- Institute of Immunology, NTU College of Medicine, Taipei 100, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Chwan-Chuen King
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University (NTU), Taipei 100, Taiwan, ROC.
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Kuo H, Shapiro JR, Dhakal S, Morgan R, Fink AL, Liu H, Westerbeck JW, Sylvia KE, Park HS, Ursin RL, Shea P, Shaw-Saliba K, Fenstermacher K, Rothman R, Pekosz A, Klein SL. Sex-specific effects of age and body mass index on antibody responses to seasonal influenza vaccines in healthcare workers. Vaccine 2022; 40:1634-1642. [PMID: 33678455 PMCID: PMC8417149 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.02.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Healthcare institutions with mandatory influenza vaccination policies have over 90% vaccination rates among healthcare workers (HCWs) resulting in a population that has received the influenza vaccine in many, consecutive years. This study explored the impact of sex and other host factors in pre- and post-vaccination neutralizing antibody (nAb) titers and seroconversion against the H1N1 and H3N2 influenza A viruses (IAVs) among HCWs enrolled into a cross-sectional serosurvey during the annual Johns Hopkins Hospital employee vaccination campaign in the 2017-18 and 2018-19 seasons. The study enrolled 111 participants (male = 38, female = 73) in 2017-18 and 163 (male = 44, female = 119) in 2018-19. Serum samples were collected immediately prior to vaccination and approximately 28 days later and nAb titers to vaccine strains determined. An intersectional approach was used to disaggregate the combined effects of sex with age and body mass index (BMI) in the nAb response. Differences between the pre- or post-vaccination geometric mean nAb titers between male and female HCWs were not observed. Male HCWs were 2.86 times more likely to seroconvert compared to female HCWs in 2017-2018, but the same trend was not observed in the following year. When data were disaggregated by age and sex, older female HCWs had higher H1N1 pre- and post-vaccination nAb titers compared to male HCWs in the same age group for both vaccination campaign seasons. In both years, the decline in H3N2 pre-vaccination titers with increasing BMI was greater in female than male HCW. The sex-specific effects of age and BMI on nAb responses to seasonal influenza vaccines require greater consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Kuo
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Janna R Shapiro
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Santosh Dhakal
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Rosemary Morgan
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Ashley L Fink
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Hsuan Liu
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Jason W Westerbeck
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Kristyn E Sylvia
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Han-Sol Park
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Rebecca L Ursin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Patrick Shea
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Kathryn Shaw-Saliba
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Katherine Fenstermacher
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Richard Rothman
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Andrew Pekosz
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States; Department of Emergency Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Sabra L Klein
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States; W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States.
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7
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Fox A, Carolan L, Leung V, Phuong HVM, Khvorov A, Auladell M, Tseng YY, Thai PQ, Barr I, Subbarao K, Mai LTQ, van Doorn HR, Sullivan SG. Opposing Effects of Prior Infection versus Prior Vaccination on Vaccine Immunogenicity against Influenza A(H3N2) Viruses. Viruses 2022; 14:470. [PMID: 35336877 PMCID: PMC8949461 DOI: 10.3390/v14030470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Prior vaccination can alternately enhance or attenuate influenza vaccine immunogenicity and effectiveness. Analogously, we found that vaccine immunogenicity was enhanced by prior A(H3N2) virus infection among participants of the Ha Nam Cohort, Viet Nam, but was attenuated by prior vaccination among Australian Health Care Workers (HCWs) vaccinated in the same year. Here, we combined these studies to directly compare antibody titers against 35 A(H3N2) viruses spanning 1968-2018. Participants received licensed inactivated vaccines containing A/HongKong/4801/2014 (H3N2). The analysis was limited to participants aged 18-65 Y, and compared those exposed to A(H3N2) viruses circulating since 2009 by infection (Ha Nam) or vaccination (HCWs) to a reference group who had no recent A(H3N2) infection or vaccination (Ha Nam). Antibody responses were compared by fitting titer/titer-rise landscapes across strains, and by estimating titer ratios to the reference group of 2009-2018 viruses. Pre-vaccination, titers were lowest against 2009-2014 viruses among the reference (no recent exposure) group. Post-vaccination, titers were, on average, two-fold higher among participants with prior infection and two-fold lower among participants with 3-5 prior vaccinations compared to the reference group. Titer rise was negligible among participants with 3-5 prior vaccinations, poor among participants with 1-2 prior vaccinations, and equivalent or better among those with prior infection compared to the reference group. The enhancing effect of prior infection versus the incrementally attenuating effect of prior vaccinations suggests that these exposures may alternately promote and constrain the generation of memory that can be recalled by a new vaccine strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette Fox
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (L.C.); (V.L.); (I.B.); (K.S.); (S.G.S.)
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (A.K.); (Y.-Y.T.)
| | - Louise Carolan
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (L.C.); (V.L.); (I.B.); (K.S.); (S.G.S.)
| | - Vivian Leung
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (L.C.); (V.L.); (I.B.); (K.S.); (S.G.S.)
| | - Hoang Vu Mai Phuong
- National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Ha Noi 100000, Vietnam; (H.V.M.P.); (P.Q.T.); (L.T.Q.M.)
| | - Arseniy Khvorov
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (A.K.); (Y.-Y.T.)
| | - Maria Auladell
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia;
| | - Yeu-Yang Tseng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (A.K.); (Y.-Y.T.)
| | - Pham Quang Thai
- National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Ha Noi 100000, Vietnam; (H.V.M.P.); (P.Q.T.); (L.T.Q.M.)
| | - Ian Barr
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (L.C.); (V.L.); (I.B.); (K.S.); (S.G.S.)
| | - Kanta Subbarao
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (L.C.); (V.L.); (I.B.); (K.S.); (S.G.S.)
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia;
| | - Le Thi Quynh Mai
- National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Ha Noi 100000, Vietnam; (H.V.M.P.); (P.Q.T.); (L.T.Q.M.)
| | - H. Rogier van Doorn
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Africa Asia Programme, National Hospital of Tropical Diseases, Ha Noi 100000, Vietnam;
- Centre of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LG, UK
| | - Sheena G. Sullivan
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (L.C.); (V.L.); (I.B.); (K.S.); (S.G.S.)
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (A.K.); (Y.-Y.T.)
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8
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Vaccine strain affects seroconversion after influenza vaccination in COPD patients and healthy older people. NPJ Vaccines 2022; 7:8. [PMID: 35075113 PMCID: PMC8786852 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-021-00422-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Though clinical guidelines recommend influenza vaccination for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients and other high-risk populations, it is unclear whether current vaccination strategies induce optimal antibody responses. This study aimed to identify key variables associated with strain-specific antibody responses in COPD patients and healthy older people. 76 COPD and 72 healthy participants were recruited from two Australian centres and inoculated with influenza vaccine. Serum strain-specific antibody titres were measured pre- and post-inoculation. Seroconversion rate was the primary endpoint. Antibody responses varied between vaccine strains. The highest rates of seroconversion were seen with novel strains (36-55%), with lesser responses to strains included in the vaccine in more than one consecutive year (27-33%). Vaccine responses were similar in COPD patients and healthy participants. Vaccine strain, hypertension and latitude were independent predictors of seroconversion. Our findings reassure that influenza vaccination is equally immunogenic in COPD patients and healthy older people; however, there is room for improvement. There may be a need to personalise the yearly influenza vaccine, including consideration of pre-existing antibody titres, in order to target gaps in individual antibody repertoires and improve protection.
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9
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OUP accepted manuscript. Lab Med 2022; 53:602-608. [DOI: 10.1093/labmed/lmac035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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10
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Wild K, Smits M, Killmer S, Strohmeier S, Neumann-Haefelin C, Bengsch B, Krammer F, Schwemmle M, Hofmann M, Thimme R, Zoldan K, Boettler T. Pre-existing immunity and vaccine history determine hemagglutinin-specific CD4 T cell and IgG response following seasonal influenza vaccination. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6720. [PMID: 34795301 PMCID: PMC8602312 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27064-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Effectiveness of seasonal influenza vaccination varies between individuals and might be affected by vaccination history among other factors. Here we show, by monitoring frequencies of CD4 T cells specific to the conserved hemagglutinin epitope HA118-132 and titres of IgG against the corresponding recombinant hemagglutinin protein, that antigen-specific CD4 T cell and antibody responses are closely linked to pre-existing immunity and vaccine history. Upon immunization, a strong early reaction is observed in all vaccine naïve participants and also in vaccine experienced individuals who have not received the respective seasonal vaccine in the previous year. This response is characterized by HA118-132 specific CD4 T cells with a follicular helper T cell phenotype and by ascending titers of hemagglutinin-specific antibodies from baseline to day 28 following vaccination. This trend was observed in only a proportion of those participants who received the seasonal vaccine the year preceding the study. Regardless of history, levels of pre-existing antibodies and CD127 expression on CD4 T cells at baseline were the strongest predictors of robust early response. Thus, both pre-existing immunity and vaccine history contribute to the response to seasonal influenza vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Wild
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Maike Smits
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Saskia Killmer
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Shirin Strohmeier
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christoph Neumann-Haefelin
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bertram Bengsch
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Florian Krammer
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Martin Schwemmle
- Institute of Virology, Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Maike Hofmann
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Robert Thimme
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Zoldan
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Boettler
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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11
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Gorse GJ, Rattigan SM, Kirpich A, Simberkoff MS, Bessesen MT, Gibert C, Nyquist AC, Price CS, Gaydos CA, Radonovich LJ, Perl TM, Rodriguez-Barradas MC, Cummings DAT. Influence of Pre-Season Antibodies against Influenza Virus on Risk of Influenza Infection among Health Care Personnel. J Infect Dis 2021; 225:891-902. [PMID: 34534319 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiab468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association of hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) antibodies with protection from influenza among healthcare personnel (HCP) with occupational exposure to influenza viruses has not been well-described. METHODS The Respiratory Protection Effectiveness Clinical Trial was a cluster-randomized, multi-site study that compared medical masks to N95 respirators in preventing viral respiratory infections among HCP in outpatient healthcare settings for 5,180 participant-seasons. Serum HAI antibody titers before each influenza season and influenza virus infection confirmed by polymerase chain reaction were studied over four study years. RESULTS In univariate models, the risk of influenza A(H3N2) and B virus infections was associated with HAI titers to each virus, study year, and site. HAI titers were strongly associated with vaccination. Within multivariate models, each log base 2 increase in titer was associated with 15%, 26% and 33-35% reductions in the hazard of influenza A(H3N2), A(H1N1) and B infections, respectively. Best models included pre-season antibody titers and study year, but not other variables. CONCLUSIONS HAI titers were associated with protection from influenza among HCP with routine exposure to patients with respiratory illness and influenza season contributed to risk. HCP can be reassured about receiving influenza vaccination to stimulate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey J Gorse
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Veterans Affairs St. Louis Health Care System, St. Louis, MO, 63106 USA.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Allergy and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63104 USA
| | - Susan M Rattigan
- Department of Biology and the Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Alexander Kirpich
- Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA USA
| | - Michael S Simberkoff
- Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs New York Harbor Healthcare System, New York, NY, USA.,Division of Infectious Diseases, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mary T Bessesen
- Veterans Affairs Eastern Colorado Healthcare System, Aurora, CO, 80045 USA.,Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Cynthia Gibert
- Medical Service, Washington D.C. Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Ann-Christine Nyquist
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Infectious Disease and Epidemiology Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Connie Savor Price
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,Infectious Diseases, Denver Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Charlotte A Gaydos
- Department of Medicine and Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lewis J Radonovich
- Respiratory Health Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV USA
| | - Trish M Perl
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Maria C Rodriguez-Barradas
- Infectious Diseases Section, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Derek A T Cummings
- Department of Biology and the Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.,Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
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12
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Influenza vaccine effectiveness within prospective cohorts of healthcare personnel in Israel and Peru 2016-2019. Vaccine 2021; 39:6956-6967. [PMID: 34509322 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.07.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are limited data on influenza vaccine effectiveness (IVE) in preventing laboratory-confirmed influenza illness among healthcare personnel (HCP). METHODS HCP with direct patient contact working full-time in hospitals were followed during three influenza seasons in Israel (2016-2017 to 2018-2019) and Peru (2016 to 2018). Trivalent influenza vaccines were available at all sites, except during 2018-2019 when Israel used quadrivalent vaccines; vaccination was documented by electronic medical records, vaccine registries, and/or self-report (for vaccinations outside the hospital). Twice-weekly active surveillance identified acute respiratory symptoms or febrile illness (ARFI); self-collected respiratory specimens were tested by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. IVE was 100 × 1-hazard ratio (adjusted for sex, age, occupation, and hospital). RESULTS Among 5,489 HCP who contributed 10,041 person-seasons, influenza vaccination coverage was 47% in Israel and 32% in Peru. Of 3,056 ARFIs in Israel and 3,538 in Peru, A or B influenza virus infections were identified in 205 (7%) in Israel and 87 (2.5%) in Peru. IVE against all viruses across seasons was 1% (95% confidence interval [CI] = -30%, 25%) in Israel and 12% (95% CI = -61%, 52%) in Peru. CONCLUSION Estimates of IVE were null using person-time models during six study seasons in Israel and Peru.
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13
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Vanderven HA, Barr I, Reynaldi A, Wheatley AK, Wines BD, Davenport MP, Hogarth PM, Kent SJ. Fc functional antibody responses to adjuvanted versus unadjuvanted seasonal influenza vaccination in community-dwelling older adults. Vaccine 2020; 38:2368-2377. [PMID: 32035709 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.01.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Seasonal influenza vaccination with a standard trivalent influenza vaccine (TIV) induces a modest, and cross-reactive, Fc functional antibody response in older adults. Recent improvements to influenza vaccines include a quadrivalent influenza vaccine (QIV) and a TIV adjuvanted with the squalene-based oil-in-water emulsion MF59. METHODS Pre- and post-vaccination serum samples from older adults vaccinated with QIV (n = 27) and adjuvanted TIV (n = 44) were studied using hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) assays and dimeric Fc-gamma receptor IIIa binding ELISAs, as a surrogate of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). RESULTS We found that the unadjuvanted QIV elicited a stronger HAI response against the H1N1 vaccine virus than the adjuvanted TIV. Post-vaccination levels of HA-specific ADCC antibodies were similar for older adults vaccinated with QIV and adjuvanted TIV. The ADCC response to influenza vaccination was largely determined by pre-vaccination or baseline levels of these antibodies, with older adults with low baseline levels of ADCC activity demonstrating greater post-vaccination rises. CONCLUSIONS In this cohort of community-dwelling older adults, the QIV was at least as good as the adjuvanted TIV in the induction of ADCC and HAI responses. Further studies on how these antibody responses translate to efficacy in preventing influenza infections are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hillary A Vanderven
- Biomedicine, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Douglas, Queensland, Australia; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ian Barr
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Arnold Reynaldi
- Infection Analytics Program, Kirby Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of New South Wales Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Adam K Wheatley
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Bruce D Wines
- Immune Therapies Laboratory, Burnet Institute, Victoria, Australia
| | - Miles P Davenport
- Infection Analytics Program, Kirby Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of New South Wales Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - P Mark Hogarth
- Immune Therapies Laboratory, Burnet Institute, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stephen J Kent
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Melbourne Sexual Health Centre and Department of Infectious Diseases, Alfred Health, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Australia.
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14
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Biswas A, Chakrabarti AK, Dutta S. Current challenges: from the path of “original antigenic sin” towards the development of universal flu vaccines. Int Rev Immunol 2019; 39:21-36. [DOI: 10.1080/08830185.2019.1685990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Asim Biswas
- Virology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India
| | - Alok K. Chakrabarti
- Virology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India
| | - Shanta Dutta
- Bacteriology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India
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15
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Responses to Quadrivalent Influenza Vaccine Reveal Distinct Circulating CD4+CXCR5+ T Cell Subsets in Men Living with HIV. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15650. [PMID: 31666568 PMCID: PMC6821795 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51961-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
T cell help for B cells may be perturbed in people living with HIV (PLWH), even when HIV is suppressed, as evidenced by reports of suboptimal responses to influenza vaccination. We investigated cTFH responses to the 2017-18 inactivated quadrivalent influenza vaccine (QIV) in men living with antiretroviral therapy (ART)-suppressed HIV infection who were treated in the early or chronic phase of infection, and control subjects. Here we show that seroprotective antibody responses in serum and oral fluid correlated with cTFH activation and were equivalent in all three groups, irrespective of when ART was started. These responses were attenuated in those reporting immunisation with influenza vaccine in the preceding three years, independent of HIV infection. Measurement of influenza-specific IgG in oral fluid was closely correlated with haemagglutination inhibition titre. T-SNE and two-dimensional analysis revealed a subset of CD4+CXCR3+CXCR5+ cTFH activated at one week after vaccination. This was distinguishable from cTFH not activated by vaccination, and a rare, effector memory CD4+CXCR5hiCD32hi T cell subset. The data support the use of QIV for immunisation of PLWH, reveal distinct circulating CD4+CXCR5+ T cell subsets and demonstrate oral fluid sampling for influenza-specific IgG is an alternative to phlebotomy.
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16
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Sanyal M, Holmes TH, Maecker HT, Albrecht RA, Dekker CL, He XS, Greenberg HB. Diminished B-Cell Response After Repeat Influenza Vaccination. J Infect Dis 2019; 219:1586-1595. [PMID: 30496437 PMCID: PMC6473172 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiy685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Annual vaccination with influenza vaccines is recommended for protection against influenza in the United States. Past clinical studies and meta-analysis, however, have reported conflicting results on the benefits of annual vaccination. B-cell responses elicited following repeat influenza vaccinations over multiple seasons have not been examined in detail. We analyzed the B-cell and antibody (Ab) responses in volunteers vaccinated yearly, from 2010 or 2011 through 2014, with seasonal trivalent inactivated influenza vaccines. Statistical analyses were designed to help correct for possible bias due to reduced sample size in the later years of the study. We show that, after the second annual vaccination, the frequency of vaccine-specific plasmablasts and the binding reactivity of plasmablast-derived polyclonal Abs are reduced and do not increase in subsequent years. Similar trends are observed with the serum hemagglutination inhibition Ab response after each annual vaccination, as well as the binding reactivity of plasmablast-derived polyclonal Abs to the hemagglutinin of influenza A virus vaccine components, even with changes in the seasonal vaccine components during the study. Our findings indicate a diminished B-cell response to annual vaccination with seasonal trivalent influenza vaccine. These results emphasize the need for developing improved strategies to enhance the immunogenicity and efficacy of annual influenza vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mrinmoy Sanyal
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California
| | - Tyson H Holmes
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford
| | - Holden T Maecker
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford
| | - Randy A Albrecht
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Cornelia L Dekker
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford
| | - Xiao-Song He
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California
| | - Harry B Greenberg
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California
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17
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Lee H, Shim EH, You S. Immunodominance hierarchy of influenza subtype-specific neutralizing antibody response as a hurdle to effectiveness of polyvalent vaccine. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2018; 14:2537-2539. [PMID: 29852081 PMCID: PMC6284502 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2018.1482172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Strengthening of immunodominance hierarchy of influenza subtype-specific neutralizing antibody response by annual polyvalent vaccinations could increase the variation of vaccine effectiveness by subtype. Therefore, we suggest the assessment of neutralizing antibody titer prior to seasonal vaccination and recommend the inoculation of only strains lower than protective levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoyoung Lee
- a Clinical Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine , Daejeon , South Korea
| | - Eun Hyoung Shim
- a Clinical Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine , Daejeon , South Korea
| | - Sooseong You
- a Clinical Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine , Daejeon , South Korea
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18
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Schlaudecker EP, Ambroggio L, McNeal MM, Finkelman FD, Way SS. Declining responsiveness to influenza vaccination with progression of human pregnancy. Vaccine 2018; 36:4734-4741. [PMID: 29941326 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.05.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Influenza immunization is universally recommended during pregnancy to protect mothers and their offspring. However, pregnancy-induced shifts in vaccine responsiveness remain poorly defined. METHODS Quantitative and qualitative shifts in the serological response to influenza vaccination were evaluated in healthy women throughout the course of pregnancy. Serum was obtained before and after vaccination among 71 pregnant and 67 non-pregnant women during the 2011-12 and 2012-13 influenza seasons. Serum hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) assay was used to investigate anti-influenza antibody responses by comparing pre-vaccine and post-vaccine geometric mean titers (GMTs) between groups for each antigen. IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, and IgG4 anti-influenza titers were also evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Pregnancy induced shifts in HAI titers and levels of each anti-influenza antibody isotype were evaluated using linear regression models. RESULTS Post-vaccine GMTs at day 28 were significantly reduced for women vaccinated during pregnancy for A/California (H1N1) in 2011 (p = 0.027), A/Perth (H3N2) in 2011 (p = 0.037), and B/Wisconsin in 2012 (p = 0.039). Vaccine responses progressively declined with the initiation of vaccination later in pregnancy. Anti-H1N1 IgG1, IgG2, and IgG3 titers were reduced in pregnant women compared to non-pregnant controls, and these titers declined with pregnancy progression. The most striking differences were found for anti-H1N1 IgG1, where titers decreased by approximately 7% each week throughout pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS HAI responses elicited by immunization were significantly reduced during pregnancy for three different influenza vaccine antigens. Anti-H1N1 IgG1 was significantly lower in pregnant women and decreased throughout the course of pregnancy. Waning serological responsiveness to influenza vaccination with the progression of human pregnancy has important translational implications for when immunization should be optimally administered during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth P Schlaudecker
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA; Division of Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
| | - Lilliam Ambroggio
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA; Division of Hospital Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Monica M McNeal
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA; Division of Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Fred D Finkelman
- Department of Medicine, Cincinnati Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine and Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Sing Sing Way
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA; Division of Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
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19
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Antibody Response to Trivalent Influenza Vaccine in the Northern and the Southern Hemisphere in Elite Athletes. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018. [PMID: 29876868 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2018_223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
Being frequent travelers, the elite athletes are advised to undergo an influenza vaccination. The aim of the study was to describe the antibody response to repeated trivalent, inactivated, split influenza vaccine, of different antigenic content, recommended for the Northern and the Southern Hemisphere, administered to sportsmen before the Olympic Games in Brasil in 2016. Fourteen athletes were included in the study. For both A/California/7/209/pdm09 A/H1N1/ antigen and A/Switzerland/971593/2013/A/H3N2/ antigen, higher seroconversion rates were obtained after the first than the second vaccination (10.2 vs. 1.5 and 10.6 vs. 3.0, respectively; p < 0.05 both). Conversion rates for B/Phuket/3073/2013, B/Brisbane/60/2008, and A/HongKong/4801/2014/A/H3N2/ antigens were lower. Nonetheless, the protection rate was greater than 70% for all antigens contained in both vaccines. The proportion of individuals demonstrating a high level of both protection rate and response rate was greater after the first than the second vaccination. We conclude that the immunological response after influenza vaccination is good in elite athletes and remains so after a second influenza vaccination required due to a different vaccine composition recommended for different hemispheres.
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20
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Gensous N, Franceschi C, Blomberg BB, Pirazzini C, Ravaioli F, Gentilini D, Di Blasio AM, Garagnani P, Frasca D, Bacalini MG. Responders and non-responders to influenza vaccination: A DNA methylation approach on blood cells. Exp Gerontol 2018; 105:94-100. [PMID: 29360511 PMCID: PMC5989724 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2018.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Several evidences indicate that aging negatively affects the effectiveness of influenza vaccination. Although it is well established that immunosenescence has an important role in vaccination response, the molecular pathways underlying this process are largely unknown. Given the importance of epigenetic remodeling in aging, here we analyzed the relationship between responsiveness to influenza vaccination and DNA methylation profiles in healthy subjects of different ages. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were collected from 44 subjects (age range: 19-90 years old) immediately before influenza vaccination. Subjects were subsequently classified as responders or non-responders according to hemagglutination inhibition assay 4-6 weeks after the vaccination. Baseline whole genome DNA methylation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells was analyzed using the Illumina® Infinium 450 k microarray. Differential methylation analysis between the two groups (responders and non-responders) was performed through an analysis of variance, correcting for age, sex and batch. We identified 83 CpG sites having a nominal p-value <.001 and absolute difference in DNA methylation of at least 0.05 between the two groups. For some CpG sites, we observed age-dependent decrease or increase in methylation, which in some cases was specific for the responders and non-responders groups. Finally, we divided the cohort in two subgroups including younger (age < 50) and older (age ≥ 50) subjects and compared DNA methylation between responders and non-responders, correcting for sex and batch in each subgroup. We identified 142 differentially methylated CpG sites in the young subgroup and 305 in the old subgroup, suggesting a larger epigenetic remodeling at older ages. Interestingly, some of the differentially methylated probes mapped in genes involved in immunosenescence (CD40) and in innate immunity responses (CXCL16, ULK1, BCL11B, BTC). In conclusion, the analysis of epigenetic landscape can shed light on the biological basis of vaccine responsiveness during aging, possibly providing new appropriate biomarkers of this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noémie Gensous
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudio Franceschi
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Interdepartmental Center "L. Galvani", University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Institute of Neurological Sciences, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Bonnie B Blomberg
- Institute of Molecular Genetics (IGM)-CNR, Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | | | - Francesco Ravaioli
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Davide Gentilini
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Cusano Milanino, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Garagnani
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Center for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), St. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, Italy; Clinical Chemistry, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Huddinge University Hospital, S-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden; Institute of Molecular Genetics (IGM)-CNR, Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Cell Biology, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Daniela Frasca
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
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21
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van den Berg SPH, Wong A, Hendriks M, Jacobi RHJ, van Baarle D, van Beek J. Negative Effect of Age, but Not of Latent Cytomegalovirus Infection on the Antibody Response to a Novel Influenza Vaccine Strain in Healthy Adults. Front Immunol 2018; 9:82. [PMID: 29434600 PMCID: PMC5796903 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Older adults are more vulnerable to influenza virus infection and at higher risk for severe complications and influenza-related death compared to younger adults. Unfortunately, influenza vaccine responses tend to be impaired in older adults due to aging of the immune system (immunosenescence). Latent infection with cytomegalovirus (CMV) is assumed to enhance age-associated deleterious changes of the immune system. Although lower responses to influenza vaccination were reported in CMV-seropositive compared to CMV-seronegative adults and elderly, beneficial effects of CMV infection were observed as well. The lack of consensus in literature on the effect of latent CMV infection on influenza vaccination may be due to the presence of pre-existing immunity to influenza in these studies influencing the subsequent influenza vaccine response. We had the unique opportunity to evaluate the effect of age and latent CMV infection on the antibody response to the novel influenza H1N1pdm vaccine strain during the pandemic of 2009, thereby reducing the effect of pre-existing immunity on the vaccine-induced antibody response. This analysis was performed in a large study population (n = 263) in adults (18–52 years old). As a control, memory responses to the seasonal vaccination, including the same H1N1pdm and an H3N2 strain, were investigated in the subsequent season 2010–2011. With higher age, we found decreased antibody responses to the pandemic vaccination even within this age range, indicating signs of immunosenescence to this novel antigen in the study population. Using a generalized estimation equation regression model, adjusted for age, sex, and previous influenza vaccinations, we observed that CMV infection in contrast did not influence the influenza virus-specific antibody titer after H1N1pdm vaccination. Yet, we found higher residual protection rates (antibody level ≥40 hemagglutinin units (HAU)) in CMV-seropositive individuals than in CMV-seronegative individuals 6 months and 1 year after pandemic vaccination. In the subsequent season, no effect of age or CMV infection on seasonal influenza vaccine response was observed. In conclusion, we observed no evidence for CMV-induced impairment of antibody responses to a novel influenza strain vaccine in adults. If anything, our data suggest that there might be a beneficial effect of latent CMV infection on the protection rate after novel influenza vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara P H van den Berg
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands.,Laboratory of Translational Immunology, Department of Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Albert Wong
- Department of Statistics, Informatics and Mathematical Modelling, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Marion Hendriks
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Ronald H J Jacobi
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Debbie van Baarle
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands.,Laboratory of Translational Immunology, Department of Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Josine van Beek
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands
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22
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Contemporary H3N2 influenza viruses have a glycosylation site that alters binding of antibodies elicited by egg-adapted vaccine strains. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:12578-12583. [PMID: 29109276 PMCID: PMC5703309 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1712377114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 395] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
H3N2 viruses continuously acquire mutations in the hemagglutinin (HA) glycoprotein that abrogate binding of human antibodies. During the 2014-2015 influenza season, clade 3C.2a H3N2 viruses possessing a new predicted glycosylation site in antigenic site B of HA emerged, and these viruses remain prevalent today. The 2016-2017 seasonal influenza vaccine was updated to include a clade 3C.2a H3N2 strain; however, the egg-adapted version of this viral strain lacks the new putative glycosylation site. Here, we biochemically demonstrate that the HA antigenic site B of circulating clade 3C.2a viruses is glycosylated. We show that antibodies elicited in ferrets and humans exposed to the egg-adapted 2016-2017 H3N2 vaccine strain poorly neutralize a glycosylated clade 3C.2a H3N2 virus. Importantly, antibodies elicited in ferrets infected with the current circulating H3N2 viral strain (that possesses the glycosylation site) and humans vaccinated with baculovirus-expressed H3 antigens (that possess the glycosylation site motif) were able to efficiently recognize a glycosylated clade 3C.2a H3N2 virus. We propose that differences in glycosylation between H3N2 egg-adapted vaccines and circulating strains likely contributed to reduced vaccine effectiveness during the 2016-2017 influenza season. Furthermore, our data suggest that influenza virus antigens prepared via systems not reliant on egg adaptations are more likely to elicit protective antibody responses that are not affected by glycosylation of antigenic site B of H3N2 HA.
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