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Robinson NA, Robledo D, Sveen L, Daniels RR, Krasnov A, Coates A, Jin YH, Barrett LT, Lillehammer M, Kettunen AH, Phillips BL, Dempster T, Doeschl‐Wilson A, Samsing F, Difford G, Salisbury S, Gjerde B, Haugen J, Burgerhout E, Dagnachew BS, Kurian D, Fast MD, Rye M, Salazar M, Bron JE, Monaghan SJ, Jacq C, Birkett M, Browman HI, Skiftesvik AB, Fields DM, Selander E, Bui S, Sonesson A, Skugor S, Østbye TK, Houston RD. Applying genetic technologies to combat infectious diseases in aquaculture. REVIEWS IN AQUACULTURE 2023; 15:491-535. [PMID: 38504717 PMCID: PMC10946606 DOI: 10.1111/raq.12733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Disease and parasitism cause major welfare, environmental and economic concerns for global aquaculture. In this review, we examine the status and potential of technologies that exploit genetic variation in host resistance to tackle this problem. We argue that there is an urgent need to improve understanding of the genetic mechanisms involved, leading to the development of tools that can be applied to boost host resistance and reduce the disease burden. We draw on two pressing global disease problems as case studies-sea lice infestations in salmonids and white spot syndrome in shrimp. We review how the latest genetic technologies can be capitalised upon to determine the mechanisms underlying inter- and intra-species variation in pathogen/parasite resistance, and how the derived knowledge could be applied to boost disease resistance using selective breeding, gene editing and/or with targeted feed treatments and vaccines. Gene editing brings novel opportunities, but also implementation and dissemination challenges, and necessitates new protocols to integrate the technology into aquaculture breeding programmes. There is also an ongoing need to minimise risks of disease agents evolving to overcome genetic improvements to host resistance, and insights from epidemiological and evolutionary models of pathogen infestation in wild and cultured host populations are explored. Ethical issues around the different approaches for achieving genetic resistance are discussed. Application of genetic technologies and approaches has potential to improve fundamental knowledge of mechanisms affecting genetic resistance and provide effective pathways for implementation that could lead to more resistant aquaculture stocks, transforming global aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A. Robinson
- Nofima ASTromsøNorway
- Sustainable Aquaculture Laboratory—Temperate and Tropical (SALTT)School of BioSciences, The University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Diego Robledo
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary StudiesThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | | | - Rose Ruiz Daniels
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary StudiesThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | | | - Andrew Coates
- Sustainable Aquaculture Laboratory—Temperate and Tropical (SALTT)School of BioSciences, The University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Ye Hwa Jin
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary StudiesThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Luke T. Barrett
- Sustainable Aquaculture Laboratory—Temperate and Tropical (SALTT)School of BioSciences, The University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Institute of Marine Research, Matre Research StationMatredalNorway
| | | | | | - Ben L. Phillips
- Sustainable Aquaculture Laboratory—Temperate and Tropical (SALTT)School of BioSciences, The University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Tim Dempster
- Sustainable Aquaculture Laboratory—Temperate and Tropical (SALTT)School of BioSciences, The University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Andrea Doeschl‐Wilson
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary StudiesThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Francisca Samsing
- Sydney School of Veterinary ScienceThe University of SydneyCamdenAustralia
| | | | - Sarah Salisbury
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary StudiesThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | | | | | | | | | - Dominic Kurian
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary StudiesThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Mark D. Fast
- Atlantic Veterinary CollegeThe University of Prince Edward IslandCharlottetownPrince Edward IslandCanada
| | | | | | - James E. Bron
- Institute of AquacultureUniversity of StirlingStirlingScotlandUK
| | - Sean J. Monaghan
- Institute of AquacultureUniversity of StirlingStirlingScotlandUK
| | - Celeste Jacq
- Blue Analytics, Kong Christian Frederiks Plass 3BergenNorway
| | | | - Howard I. Browman
- Institute of Marine Research, Austevoll Research Station, Ecosystem Acoustics GroupTromsøNorway
| | - Anne Berit Skiftesvik
- Institute of Marine Research, Austevoll Research Station, Ecosystem Acoustics GroupTromsøNorway
| | | | - Erik Selander
- Department of Marine SciencesUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Samantha Bui
- Institute of Marine Research, Matre Research StationMatredalNorway
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Circulating Phylotypes of White Spot Syndrome Virus in Bangladesh and Their Virulence. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10010191. [PMID: 35056639 PMCID: PMC8780693 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10010191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) has emerged as one of the most prevalent and lethal viruses globally and infects both shrimps and crabs in the aquatic environment. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of WSSV in different ghers of Bangladesh and the virulence of the circulating phylotypes. We collected 360 shrimp (Penaeus monodon) and 120 crab (Scylla sp.) samples from the south-east (Cox’s Bazar) and south-west (Satkhira) coastal regions of Bangladesh. The VP28 gene-specific PCR assays and sequencing revealed statistically significant (p < 0.05, Kruskal–Wallis test) differences in the prevalence of WSSV in shrimps and crabs between the study areas (Cox’s Bazar and Satkhira) and over the study periods (2017–2019). The mean Log load of WSSV varied from 8.40 (Cox’s Bazar) to 10.48 (Satkhira) per gram of tissue. The mean values for salinity, dissolved oxygen, temperature and pH were 14.71 ± 0.76 ppt, 3.7 ± 0.1 ppm, 34.11 ± 0.38 °C and 8.23 ± 0.38, respectively, in the WSSV-positive ghers. The VP28 gene-based phylogenetic analysis showed an amino-acid substitution (E→G) at the 167th position in the isolates from Cox’s Bazar (referred to as phylotype BD2) compared to the globally circulating one (BD1). Shrimp PL artificially challenged with BD1 and BD2 phylotypes with filtrates of tissue containing 0.423 × 109 copies of WSSV per mL resulted in a median LT50 value of 73 h and 75 h, respectively. The in vivo trial showed higher mean Log WSSV copies (6.47 ± 2.07 per mg tissue) in BD1-challenged shrimp PL compared to BD2 (4.75 ± 0.35 per mg tissue). Crabs infected with BD1 and BD2 showed 100% mortality within 48 h and 62 h of challenge, respectively, with mean Log WSSV copies of 12.06 ± 0.48 and 9.95 ± 0.37 per gram tissue, respectively. Moreover, shrimp antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), penaeidin and lysozyme expression were lower in the BD1-challenged group compared to BD2 challenged shrimps. These results collectively demonstrated that relative virulence properties of WSSV based on mortality rate, viral load and expression of host immune genes in artificially infected shrimp PL could be affected by single aa substitution in VP28.
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Zhang Q, Yu Y, Luo Z, Xiang J, Li F. Comparison of Gene Expression Between Resistant and Susceptible Families Against VP AHPND and Identification of Biomarkers Used for Resistance Evaluation in Litopenaeus vannamei. Front Genet 2021; 12:772442. [PMID: 34899859 PMCID: PMC8662381 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.772442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) has caused a heavy loss to shrimp aquaculture since its outbreak. Vibrio parahaemolyticus (VPAHPND) is regarded as one of the main pathogens that caused AHPND in the Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. In order to learn more about the mechanism of resistance to AHPND, the resistant and susceptible shrimp families were obtained through genetic breeding, and comparative transcriptome approach was used to analyze the gene expression patterns between resistant and susceptible families. A total of 95 families were subjected to VPAHPND challenge test, and significant variations in the resistance of these families were observed. Three pairs of resistant and susceptible families were selected for transcriptome sequencing. A total of 489 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) that presented in at least two pairwise comparisons were screened, including 196 DEGs highly expressed in the susceptible families and 293 DEGs in the resistant families. Among these DEGs, 16 genes demonstrated significant difference in all three pairwise comparisons. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) of all 27,331 expressed genes indicated that some energy metabolism processes were enriched in the resistant families, while signal transduction and immune system were enriched in the susceptible families. A total of 32 DEGs were further confirmed in the offspring of the detected families, among which 19 genes were successfully verified. The identified genes in this study will be useful for clarifying the genetic mechanism of shrimp resistance against Vibrio and will further provide molecular markers for evaluating the disease resistance of shrimp in the breeding program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Zheng Luo
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianhai Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Fuhua Li
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.,The Innovation of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
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Yang LG, Wang Y, Wang Y, Fang WH, Feng GP, Ying N, Zhou JY, Li XC. Transcriptome analysis of pacific white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) intestines and hepatopancreas in response to Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP) infection. J Invertebr Pathol 2021; 186:107665. [PMID: 34520799 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2021.107665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Penaeus vannamei is the most economically important species of shrimp cultured worldwide. Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP) is an emerging pathogen that severely affects the growth and development of shrimps. In this study, the transcriptome differences between EHP-infected and uninfected shrimp were investigated through next-generation sequencing. The unigenes were assembled with the reads from all the four libraries. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of intestines and hepatopancreas were analyzed. There were 2,884 DEGs in the intestines and 2,096 DEGs in the hepatopancreas. The GO and KEGG enrichment analysis indicated that DEGs were significantly enriched in signaling pathways associated with nutritional energy metabolism and mobilizing autoimmunity. Moreover, the results suggested the downregulation of key genes in energy synthesis pathways contributed greatly to shrimp growth retardation; the upregulation of immune-related genes enhanced the resistance of shrimp against EHP infection. This study provided identified genes and pathways associated with EHP infection revealing the molecular mechanisms of growth retardation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Guo Yang
- Key Laboratory of East China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation, Ministry of Agriculture, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of East China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation, Ministry of Agriculture, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Key Laboratory of East China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation, Ministry of Agriculture, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200090, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Wen-Hong Fang
- Key Laboratory of East China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation, Ministry of Agriculture, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Guang-Peng Feng
- Key Laboratory of East China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation, Ministry of Agriculture, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Na Ying
- Key Laboratory of East China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation, Ministry of Agriculture, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Jin-Yang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of East China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation, Ministry of Agriculture, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Xin-Cang Li
- Key Laboratory of East China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation, Ministry of Agriculture, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200090, China.
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Pooljun C, Jariyapong P, Direkbusarakom S, Saeng-Ngern S, Sakamoto T, Wuthisuthimethavee S. Association between ALFPm3 single nucleotide polymorphism and white spot syndrome virus resistance in black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon. DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS 2020; 142:213-224. [PMID: 33331289 DOI: 10.3354/dao03538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Here single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were associated with white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) resistance in black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon. SNPs were identified by single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) screening and DNA sequencing of shrimp sampled from 3 families (100 shrimp per family) challenged with WSSV. Shrimp that died over the 14 d challenge trial were designated susceptible, with those remaining alive on Day 14 designated resistant. To compare SNPs, 10 samples from the susceptible and resistant groups, each comprising DNA pooled from 3 shrimp, were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using primers to 12 selected genes and screened by SSCP. SNPs were only identified in the anti-lipopolysaccharide factor 3 (ALFPm3) gene product. Analysis of complete ALFPm3 gene sequences confirmed the existence of 3 SNPs (g.934C>G, g.1186A>G, and g.1898C>G) that were polymorphic between the susceptible and resistant groups. Further analyses using specific tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system PCR primer sets associated these 3 SNPS, and particularly the g.1186A>G SNP, with WSSV resistance. This SNP thus has potential for use as a DNA marker to select for WSSV resistance in P. monodon breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chettupon Pooljun
- Center of Excellence for Shrimp, School of Agricultural Technology, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
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Zeng D, Yang C, Li Q, Zhu W, Chen X, Peng M, Chen X, Lin Y, Wang H, Liu H, Liang J, Liu Q, Zhao Y. Identification of a quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with ammonia tolerance in the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). BMC Genomics 2020; 21:857. [PMID: 33267780 PMCID: PMC7709431 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-07254-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ammonia is one of the most common toxicological environment factors affecting shrimp health. Although ammonia tolerance in shrimp is closely related to successful industrial production, few genetic studies of this trait are available. Results In this study, we constructed a high-density genetic map of the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) using specific length amplified fragment sequencing (SLAF-seq). The constructed genetic map contained 17,338 polymorphic markers spanning 44 linkage groups, with a total distance of 6360.12 centimorgans (cM) and an average distance of 0.37 cM. Using this genetic map, we identified a quantitative trait locus (QTL) that explained 7.41–8.46% of the phenotypic variance in L. vannamei survival time under acute ammonia stress. We then sequenced the transcriptomes of the most ammonia-tolerant and the most ammonia-sensitive individuals from each of four genetically distinct L. vannamei families. We found that 7546 genes were differentially expressed between the ammonia-tolerant and ammonia-sensitive individuals. Using QTL analysis and the transcriptomes, we identified one candidate gene (annotated as an ATP synthase g subunit) associated with ammonia tolerance. Conclusions In this study, we constructed a high-density genetic map of L. vannamei and identified a QTL for ammonia tolerance. By combining QTL and transcriptome analyses, we identified a candidate gene associated with ammonia tolerance. Our work provides the basis for future genetic studies focused on molecular marker-assisted selective breeding. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-020-07254-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Digang Zeng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Chunling Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Qiangyong Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Weilin Zhu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Xiuli Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Min Peng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Xiaohan Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Yong Lin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Huanling Wang
- Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of Fishery, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of Fishery, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jingzhen Liang
- Life Science Research Institute, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Qingyun Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanning, 530021, China.
| | - Yongzhen Zhao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanning, 530021, China.
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Genomic selection for white spot syndrome virus resistance in whiteleg shrimp boosts survival under an experimental challenge test. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20571. [PMID: 33239674 PMCID: PMC7688931 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77580-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) causes major worldwide losses in shrimp aquaculture. The development of resistant shrimp populations is an attractive option for management of the disease. However, heritability for WSSV resistance is generally low and genetic improvement by conventional selection has been slow. This study was designed to determine the power and accuracy of genomic selection to improve WSSV resistance in Litopenaeus vannamei. Shrimp were experimentally challenged with WSSV and resistance was evaluated as dead or alive (DOA) 23 days after infestation. All shrimp in the challenge test were genotyped for 18,643 single nucleotide polymorphisms. Breeding candidates (G0) were ranked on genomic breeding values for WSSV resistance. Two G1 populations were produced, one from G0 breeders with high and the other with low estimated breeding values. A third population was produced from “random” mating of parent stock. The average survival was 25% in the low, 38% in the random and 51% in the high-genomic breeding value groups. Genomic heritability for DOA (0.41 in G1) was high for this type of trait. The realised genetic gain and high heritability clearly demonstrates large potential for further genetic improvement of WSSV resistance in the evaluated L. vannamei population using genomic selection.
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Janpoom S, Kaewduang M, Prasertlux S, Rongmung P, Ratdee O, Lirdwitayaprasit T, Klinbunga S, Khamnamtong B. A SNP of the hemocyanin gene (LvHc) is a marker for high growth and ammonia-tolerance in Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 106:491-501. [PMID: 32750547 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.07.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Expression levels of hemocyanin (LvHc), activating transcription factor 4 (LvAtf4), glutathione S-transferase (LvGst), caspase 2 (LvCasp2) and anti-lipopolysaccharide factor (LvAlf) were examined in the hepatopancreas of Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei juveniles exposed to a lethal concentration of ammonia-N (32.15 mg/l). The expression levels of all transcripts except LvAlf were significantly greater (P < 0.05) in tolerant shrimp (Lv-AT; N = 30) that survived up to 72 h post treatment (hpt) than in susceptible shrimp (Lv-AS24 and Lv-AS72; N = 45 and 15), that died within 24 h or between 24 and 72 hpt, respectively. Subsequently, effects of non-lethal concentrations of ammonia-N (control, 10 and 20 mg/l) on the expression of LvHc in juvenile shrimp were examined. Compared to the control, expression levels of LvHc transcripts in hemocytes and the hepatopancreas of tested shrimp changed after exposure to ammonia-N. One SNP (C > T545) was found in the LvHc322 gene segment. Real-time PCR amplification of specific alleles (real-time PASA) was developed for detection of C > T545 genotypes. Juveniles in the lethal exposure test that carried a C/T545 genotype showed a greater average body weight and total length (8.46 ± 0.36 g and 10.05 ± 0.16 cm) than those with a C/C545 genotype (7.48 ± 0.31 g and 9.60 ± 0.13 cm) (P < 0.05). Similar results were found in the second generation (G2) of a growth-improved stock (3 and 4 families of BIOTEC-G2-L1 and BIOTEC-G2-L2) and in commercially farmed shrimp (2 groups). Accordingly, expression levels and SNP of LvHc can serve as markers for selection high growth performance in ammonia-tolerant L. vannamei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirithorn Janpoom
- Aquatic Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Research Team, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phaholyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 11120, Thailand
| | - Mookthida Kaewduang
- Program in Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Sirikan Prasertlux
- Aquatic Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Research Team, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phaholyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 11120, Thailand
| | - Puttawan Rongmung
- Aquatic Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Research Team, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phaholyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 11120, Thailand
| | - Onchuda Ratdee
- Aquatic Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Research Team, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phaholyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 11120, Thailand
| | | | - Sirawut Klinbunga
- Aquatic Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Research Team, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phaholyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 11120, Thailand
| | - Bavornlak Khamnamtong
- Aquatic Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Research Team, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phaholyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 11120, Thailand.
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9
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Yang P, Aweya JJ, Yao D, Wang F, Lun J, Hong Y, Sun K, Zhang Y. The krüppel-like factor of Penaeus vannamei negatively regulates transcription of the small subunit hemocyanin gene as part of shrimp immune response. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 100:397-406. [PMID: 32201349 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Hemocyanin is a multifunctional respiratory glycoprotein, which has also been implicated in other biological functions in shrimp. Moreover, recent studies have revealed that hemocyanin is also involved in a broad range of immune-related activities in shrimp. However, in spite of the considerable interest in unraveling the reasons behind the multiple immune-related functions of hemocyanin, little is known about its transcriptional regulation. Here, DNA pull-down and Liquid Chromatography - Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analyses were used to isolate and identify the putative transcription factor(s) that are involved in the transcriptional regulation of the small subunit hemocyanin gene of Penaeus vannamei (PvHMCs). Krüppel-like factor (designated PvKruppel), a zinc finger transcription factor homolog in P. vannamei, was identified among the putative transcription factors, while bioinformatics analysis revealed the presence of Krüppel-like factor binding site (KLF motif) on the core promoter region of PvHMCs. Mutational analysis and electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) confirmed that PvKruppel could bind to the KLF motif on the core promoter region of PvHMCs. Moreover, in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), Vibrio parahaemolyticus and white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) challenge, transcript levels of PvKruppel and PvHMCs were negatively correlated. Furthermore, overexpression of PvKruppel significantly reduced the promoter activity of PvHMCs, while PvKruppel knockdown by RNA interference or lipopolysaccharides (LPS) stimulation resulted in a significant increase in the transcript level of PvHMCs. Taken together, our present study provides mechanistic insights into the transcriptional regulation of PvHMCs by PvKruppel during shrimp immune response to pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peikui Yang
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; School of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou, 521041, China
| | - Jude Juventus Aweya
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Defu Yao
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Jingsheng Lun
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Yujian Hong
- Guangdong Yuequn Marine Biological Research and Development Co., Ltd., Jieyang, 515200, China
| | - Kaihui Sun
- Guangdong Yuequn Marine Biological Research and Development Co., Ltd., Jieyang, 515200, China
| | - Yueling Zhang
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China.
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10
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Zhu G, Li S, Wu J, Li F, Zhao XM. Identification of Functional Gene Modules Associated With STAT-Mediated Antiviral Responses to White Spot Syndrome Virus in Shrimp. Front Physiol 2019; 10:212. [PMID: 30914969 PMCID: PMC6421301 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is one of the major threats to shrimp aquaculture. It has been found that the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) protein plays an important role in the antiviral immunity of shrimp with a WSSV infection. However, the mechanism that underlies the STAT-mediated antiviral responses in shrimp, against WSSV infection, remains unclear. In this work, based on the gene expression profiles of shrimp with an injection of WSSV and STAT double strand RNA (dsRNA), we constructed a gene co-expression network for shrimp and identified the gene modules that are possibly responsible for STAT-mediated antiviral responses. These gene modules are found enriched in the regulation of the viral process, JAK-STAT cascade and the regulation of immune effector process pathways. The gene modules identified here provide insights into the molecular mechanism that underlies the STAT-mediated antiviral response of shrimp, against WSSV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghui Zhu
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Computer Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shihao Li
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.,Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Jun Wu
- Department of Computer Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fuhua Li
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.,Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Xing-Ming Zhao
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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11
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Wang W, Pan C, Huang Z, Yuan H, Chen J. WSV181 inhibits JAK/STAT signaling and promotes viral replication in Drosophila. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 92:20-28. [PMID: 30414403 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2018.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway plays a critical role in host defense against viral infections. Here, we report the use of the Drosophila model system to investigate the modulation of the JAK/STAT pathway by the white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) protein WSV181. WSV181 overexpression in transgenic flies resulted in the downregulation of STAT92E and STAT92E-targeted genes. This result indicates that WSV181 can suppress JAK/STAT signaling by controlling STAT92E expression. An infection experiment was carried out on transgenic Drosophila infected with Drosophila C virus and on Litopenaeus vannamei injected with recombinant WSV181 and WSSV. The increased viral load and suppressed transcript levels of JAK/STAT pathway components indicate that WSV181 can promote viral proliferation by inhibiting the JAK/STAT pathway. This study provided evidence for the role of WSV181 in viral replication and revealed a new mechanism through which WSSV evades host immunity to maintain persistent infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China.
| | - Changkun Pan
- Technology and Data Department of Technology Center, PoolingMed Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China
| | - Zongliang Huang
- Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511436, China
| | - Huifang Yuan
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Jianming Chen
- Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China.
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12
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Wang W, Aweya JJ, Su H, Zhao X, Zhong M, Zhang Y. Identification and immune-related analysis of SNPs in Litopenaeus vannamei Toll3 receptor. Immunol Lett 2018; 206:19-27. [PMID: 30550739 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2018.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Tolls and Toll-like receptors (TLRs), as innate immune-recognition receptors that recognize molecular patterns associated with microbial pathogens, play a critical role in antimicrobial immune responses. Here, we report on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of Litopenaeus vannamei Toll3 (LvToll3). Multiple sequence alignment of the L. vannamei Toll3 Leucine rich repeat C-terminal domain (LvToll3-LRR-CT) with other L. vannamei Tolls LRR-CT domains showed 39.23% - 43.96% homology at the nucleic acid level and 20.31% - 30.00% identity at the amino acid level. Analysis of different shrimp tissues by polymerase chain reaction denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) revealed that LvToll3-LRR-CT had genetic polymorphisms at both the genomic deoxyribonucleic acid (gDNA) and complementary deoxyribonucleic acid (cDNA) levels. Further, high-throughput sequencing analysis confirmed the presence of 8 non-synonymous SNP (nsSNP) and 1 nsSNPs with frequency greater than 1% at the gDNA level, while 13 nsSNPs and 2 nsSNPs with frequency greater than 1% at the cDNA level. In silico analysis revealed that the α-helix secondary structure and tertiary structure of LvToll3 changed when 3 SNPs (C2039T, T2041C, T2228C) were mutated. Interestingly, 2 novel bands on PCR-DGGE, which were identified as 2 nsSNPs (C2140A, T2186A) were observed following challenge with Streptococcus iniae but not with Vibrio parahaemolyticus or White spot syndrome virus (WSSV). Moreover, the secondary and tertiary structures of LvToll3 changed when the nsSNP T2186A was mutated. The present findings therefore provide novel insight into the molecular basis of shrimp innate immune response to pathogens through the generation of specific SNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Biology and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Jude Juventus Aweya
- Department of Biology and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Huimin Su
- Department of Biology and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Xianliang Zhao
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Mingqi Zhong
- Department of Biology and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Yueling Zhang
- Department of Biology and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China.
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13
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Santos CA, Andrade SCS, Freitas PD. Identification of SNPs potentially related to immune responses and growth performance in Litopenaeus vannamei by RNA-seq analyses. PeerJ 2018; 6:e5154. [PMID: 30013834 PMCID: PMC6035726 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Litopenaeus vannamei is one of the most important shrimp species for worldwide aquaculture. Despite this, little genomic information is available for this penaeid and other closely related taxonomic crustaceans. Consequently, genes, proteins and their respective polymorphisms are poorly known for these species. In this work, we used the RNA sequencing technology (RNA-seq) in L. vannamei shrimp evaluated for growth performance, and exposed to the White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV), in order to investigate the presence of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) within genes related to innate immunity and growth, both features of great interest for aquaculture activity. We analyzed individuals with higher and lower growth rates; and infected (unhealthy) and non-infected (healthy), after exposure to WSSV. Approximately 7,000 SNPs were detected in the samples evaluated for growth, being 3,186 and 3,978 exclusive for individuals with higher and lower growth rates, respectively. In the animals exposed to WSSV we found about 16,300 unique SNPs, in which 9,338 were specific to non-infected shrimp, and 7,008 were exclusive to individuals infected with WSSV and symptomatic. In total, we describe 4,312 unigenes containing SNPs. About 60% of these unigenes returned GO blastX hits for Biological Process, Molecular Function and Cellular Component ontologies. We identified 512 KEGG unique KOs distributed among 275 pathways, elucidating the majority of metabolism roles related to high protein metabolism, growth and immunity. These polymorphisms are all located in coding regions, and certainly can be applied in further studies involving phenotype expression of complex traits, such as growth and immunity. Overall, the set of variants raised herein enriches the genomic databases available for shrimp, given that SNPs originated from nextgen are still rare for this relevant crustacean group, despite their huge potential of use in genomic selection approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla A Santos
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sónia C S Andrade
- Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patrícia D Freitas
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
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14
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Santos CA, Andrade SCS, Teixeira AK, Farias F, Kurkjian K, Guerrelhas AC, Rocha JL, Galetti PM, Freitas PD. Litopenaeus vannamei Transcriptome Profile of Populations Evaluated for Growth Performance and Exposed to White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV). Front Genet 2018; 9:120. [PMID: 29692800 PMCID: PMC5902700 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Camilla A Santos
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Sónia C S Andrade
- Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Karin Kurkjian
- Aquatec Larvicultura de Camarão Marinho, Canguaretama, Brazil
| | | | | | - Pedro M Galetti
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Patrícia D Freitas
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
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