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Jiang X, Yang J, Zhou Z, Yu L, Yu L, He J, Zhu K, Luo Y, Wang H, Du X, Huang Q, Zhao C, Liu Y, Fang C. Moringa oleifera leaf improves meat quality by modulating intestinal microbes in white feather broilers. Food Chem X 2023; 20:100938. [PMID: 38144857 PMCID: PMC10739854 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Moringa oleifera addition to animal diets can improve the growth performance, intestinal health, and immunity of animals, without adverse effects. We investigated the effects of Moringa oleifera on the growth performance, meat quality, and intestinal health of broilers. Moringa oleifera and fermented Moringa oleifera could improve the flesh color and breast muscle tenderness of broilers (p < 0.05). The contents of essential amino acids, unsaturated fatty acids, ΣMUFA, P/S and n-3 ratio in breast muscle of broilers were dose-increased, and the effect of fermented Moringa oleifera was better. Moringa oleifera and fermented Moringa oleifera regulated chicken flavor metabolism by increasing the relative abundance and Short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) contents of Bacteroides, Spirillum, and lactic acid bacteria. Overall, supplementation with 1 % fermented Moringa oleifera can significantly increase essential amino acid and unsaturated fatty acid contents in broilers and participate in the synthesis and transformation of amino acids and fatty acids regulated by beneficial bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingjiao Jiang
- Yunnan Research Center for Advanced Tea Processing, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Jiangrui Yang
- Yunnan Research Center for Advanced Tea Processing, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhengjiang Zhou
- Yunnan Research Center for Advanced Tea Processing, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- College of Tea, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Lihui Yu
- Yunnan Research Center for Advanced Tea Processing, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- College of Tea, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Lijun Yu
- Yunnan Research Center for Advanced Tea Processing, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Jun He
- Yunnan Research Center for Advanced Tea Processing, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Kun Zhu
- Yunnan Research Center for Advanced Tea Processing, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Yankai Luo
- Yunnan Research Center for Advanced Tea Processing, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Haizhen Wang
- Yunnan Research Center for Advanced Tea Processing, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Xiaocui Du
- Yunnan Research Center for Advanced Tea Processing, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Qichao Huang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Cunchao Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Yan Liu
- College of International, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Chongye Fang
- Yunnan Research Center for Advanced Tea Processing, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
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Yu H, Xie Y, Wu B, Zhao H, Chen X, Tian G, Liu G, Cai J, Jia G. Dietary supplementation of ferrous glycinate improves intestinal barrier function by modulating microbiota composition in Cherry Valley ducks. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2022; 11:264-275. [PMID: 36263405 PMCID: PMC9556796 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2022.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Ferrous glycinate (Fe-Gly) has been increasingly used as iron fortification in the diets of weaned piglets and broilers, but the effect of Fe-Gly on intestinal barrier function in meat ducks has not been well defined. This study therefore investigated the effect of Fe-Gly on apparent nutrient utilization, hematological indices, intestinal morphological parameters, intestinal barrier function and microbial composition in meat ducks. A total of 672 one-day-old Cherry Valley ducks were randomly divided into 6 treatments (8 replicates for each treatment and 14 ducks for each replicate) and fed diets with 0 (control), 30, 60, 90 and 120 mg/kg Fe-Gly or 120 mg/kg FeSO4 for 35 d. The results showed that diets supplemented with Fe-Gly significantly increased average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), hematocrit (HCT), mean cell volume (MCV), the apparent utilization of dry matter (DM) and metabolizable energy (ME), villus height (VH) and villus height-to-crypt depth ratio (V:C) (P < 0.05). Fe-Gly also significantly up-regulated barrier-related genes including zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), zonula occludens-2 (ZO-2), mucin 2 (MUC2) and lysozyme (LYZ) (P < 0.05), and down-regulated the mRNA expression of claudin-2 (CLDN2) and occludin (OCLN) in the jejunum (P < 0.05). The 16S rRNA sequence analysis indicated that the diet with Fe-Gly had a higher relative abundance of Intestinimonas and Romboutsia (P < 0.05), which have an ability to produce short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), especially butyric acid. It also decreased the relative abundance of pathobiont, including Megamonas, Eubacterium_coprostanoligenes_group and Plebeius (P < 0.05). Additionally, diets supplemented with 120 mg/kg Fe-Gly significantly increased the apparent utilization of DM and ME (P < 0.05) and decreased the relative abundance of Megamonas_unclassified and Bacteroides_unclassified compared with those fed 120 mg/kg FeSO4 (P < 0.05). These results revealed that diets supplemented with Fe-Gly exerted a potent beneficial effect on physical, chemical, immune and microbial barriers, thereby improving the integrity of the intestinal structure, promoting the digestion and absorption of nutrients to a certain extent, and ultimately elevating the growth performance of ducks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haihua Yu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Yueqin Xie
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Bing Wu
- Chelota Group, Guanghan, 618300, China
| | - Hua Zhao
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Xiaoling Chen
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Gang Tian
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Guangmang Liu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Jingyi Cai
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Gang Jia
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
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Yang C, Zhao W, Tian H, Wang M, Gao C, Guo Y, Sun B. A preliminary study on the possibility of fermented pineapple peel residue partially replacing whole corn silage in feeding Chuanzhong black goats. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:959857. [DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.959857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to assess the effects of the partial replacement of whole corn silage (WCS) with fermented pineapple peel residue (FPPR) on growth, serological parameters, muscle quality, rumen microorganisms, and fecal microorganisms. A total of 24 Chuanzhong black goats weighing 10.23 ± 1.42 kg were evaluated in a randomized complete trial design in accordance with the following treatments: (1) 0% FPPR in the diet, (2) 25% FPPR in the diet, and (3) 50% FPPR in the diet. In goats, the partial substitution of FPPR for WCS increased the abundance of probiotics, such as Blautia, Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, and Ruminococcus albus, and did not exert significant effects on overall serological parameters and muscle quality. In conclusion, the partial substitution of FPPR for WCS in the diet did not impair or affect the productive performance of goats.
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Possibility of Using By-Products with High NDF Content to Alter the Fecal Short Chain Fatty Acid Profiles, Bacterial Community, and Digestibility of Lactating Dairy Cows. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10091731. [PMID: 36144333 PMCID: PMC9505624 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10091731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate whether agricultural by-products with a high NDF content and small-particle-size substitute for forage could cause hindgut acidosis and dysbacteriosis in lactating dairy cows. We investigated the impact of soybean hull and beet pulp on the fecal fermentation, bacterial community, and digestibility of cows. Sixteen lactating Holstein cows were treated as follows (% of dry matter (DM)): amount of by-product added was 0 (control, CON), 1.67% (low by-products, LB), 3.33% (medium by-products, MB), and 5% (high by-products, HB). The results showed the fecal pH of cows to be 7.23–7.29, implying no hindgut acidosis. With increased inclusion of by-products in the diets, the proportion of fecal propionate; relative abundance of the phylum Bacteroidetes, the family Lachnospiraceae, and genera unclassified_f_Lachnospiraceae, Acetitomaculum, and Prevotella; and the DM and NDF digestibility of cows all increased linearly. Meanwhile, the fecal genera Turicibacter and Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 decreased linearly. By-products promoted the abundance of fecal bacteria genes related to energy metabolism, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, and propanoate metabolism; and correlations between fecal short chain fatty acids, digestibility, and the bacteria genera were seen. Overall, our study suggested that adding 5% by-products could be a viable dietary formulation strategy that promotes digestibility and makes positive changes in hindgut fermentation and bacteria.
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Tang Q, Xu E, Wang Z, Xiao M, Cao S, Hu S, Wu Q, Xiong Y, Jiang Z, Wang F, Yang G, Wang L, Yi H. Dietary Hermetia illucens Larvae Meal Improves Growth Performance and Intestinal Barrier Function of Weaned Pigs Under the Environment of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88. Front Nutr 2022; 8:812011. [PMID: 35118109 PMCID: PMC8805673 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.812011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Hermetia illucens larvae meal (HI) on the growth performance and intestinal barrier function of weaned pigs. To achieve this, 72 weaned pigs [28-day-old, 8.44 ± 0.04 kg body weight (BW)] were randomly assigned to three dietary treatments: basal diet (negative control, NC), zinc oxide-supplemented diet (positive control, PC), and HI-supplemented diet [100% replacement of fishmeal (FM), HI], for 28 days in the presence of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC). The results showed that HI and PC increased (p < 0.05) the average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) of weaned pigs from day 1 to 14, and decreased diarrhea incidence from day 1 to 28. Additionally, HI increased (p < 0.05) claudin-1, occludin, mucin-1 (MUC-1), and MUC-2 expression, goblet cell number, and secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) concentration in the intestine of weaned pigs. Compared with NC, HI downregulated (p < 0.05) interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-8 expression, and upregulated IL-10, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), antimicrobial peptide [porcine β defensin 1 (pBD1), pBD2, protegrin 1-5 (PG1-5)] expression in the jejunum or ileum. Moreover, HI decreased (p < 0.05) toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), phosphorylated nuclear factor-κB (p-NF-κB), and phosphorylated mitogen-activated protein kinase (p-MAPK) expression, and increased sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) expression in the ileum. Additionally, HI increased histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) expression and acetylation of histone 3 lysine 27 (acH3k27) in the ileum. Furthermore, HI positively influenced the intestinal microbiota composition and diversity of weaned pigs and increased (p < 0.05) butyrate and valerate concentrations. Overall, dietary HI improved growth performance and intestinal barrier function, as well as regulated histone acetylation and TLR2-NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathways in weaned pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingsong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - E. Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhikang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingfei Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Shuting Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shenglan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiwen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunxia Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zongyong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fengying Wang
- Guangzhou AnRuiJie Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Geling Yang
- Guangzhou AnRuiJie Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Li Wang
| | - Hongbo Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Hongbo Yi
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Fu S, Zhou Y, Qiu Y, Chen W, Zhang J, Miao J. Immune response variations and intestinal flora changes in mastitis induced by three Streptococcus uberis strains. Microbiol Immunol 2021; 66:113-123. [PMID: 34842300 DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.12955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Streptococcus uberis is a common cause of mastitis. The pathogenicity among different strains of S. uberis and the resultant host immune responses remain to be elucidated. Herein, we document immune responses among three strains of S. uberis, and preliminary explore whether and how intestinal immunity plays a role in host anti-infection processes. Mice have been proved to be effective experimental animals for bovine mastitis, so utilizing a mouse intramammary infection model, we assay immune responses and gut flora changes of three S. uberis strains by histopathologic examination, RT-PCR, Western blot, and 16s ribosomal DNA sequencing. We find that the immune responses among the three sequence-type (ST) S. uberis strains may be linked to the hasA/B and lbp virulence genes, and the beta diversity of the intestine may be independent of the ST of S. uberis. Twenty phyla and 30 genera of intestinal flora were identified, with Verrucomicrobia and Akkermansia being the most prominent phylum and genus, respectively. These bacteria have strong anti-inflammatory and protective effects against S. uberis challenge. These data provide a foundation for further studies to elucidate gut flora function and exploration of therapeutic targets for mastitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaodong Fu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Key Laboratory of Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhou
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Key Laboratory of Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yawei Qiu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Key Laboratory of Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Engineering Laboratory of Tarim Animal Diseases Diagnosis and Control, Xinjiang Production and Construction Crops, College of Animal Science, Tarim University, Tarim, China
| | - Jinqiu Zhang
- National Research Center for Veterinary Vaccine Engineering and Technology of China, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinfeng Miao
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Key Laboratory of Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Feng J, Wang L, Chen Y, Xiong Y, Wu Q, Jiang Z, Yi H. Effects of niacin on intestinal immunity, microbial community and intestinal barrier in weaned piglets during starvation. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 95:107584. [PMID: 33756224 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The objective was to evaluate the effects of niacin on intestinal immunity, microbial community and intestinal barrier in weaned piglets during starvation. In this study, twelve weaned piglets with similar body weight were randomly divided into two groups, six for each group. These piglets were treated with starvation, one group was treated with10 ml normal saline (Control), and the other group was perfused with 10 ml niacin solution (Niacin, 40 mg niacin was dissolved in equal volume of normal saline) once daily for three consecutive days. The results showed that niacin effectively attenuated the weight loss and diarrhea index (P < 0.05) in weaned piglets; Niacin improved jejunal villous height and intestinal morphological score (P < 0.05); Additionally, niacin significantly increased the mRNA expression of antimicrobial peptide (pBD2 and PR39) in the jejunum (P < 0.05); Meanwhile, niacin significantly increased ZO-1 and Occludin expression in the jejunum (P < 0.05). Furthermore, niacin improved the microbiota and the concentrations of acetate (P < 0.05). Conversely, niacin decreased the ratios of propionate/acetate and butyrate/acetate in the colonic contents of weaned piglets (P < 0.05); Interestingly, niacin increased the protein expression of SIRT1 (P < 0.05) and inhibited the protein expression of HDAC7 (P < 0.05). In conclusion, niacin attenuated the weight loss and diarrhea, and improved the expression of antimicrobial peptides, and enhanced intestinal epithelial barrier function, and improved the microbiota in the colonic contents of weaned piglets, suggesting that niacin may be an effective way for weaned piglets to maintain the gut and overall health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junsen Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 1 Dafeng 1st Street, Guangzhou 510640, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 1 Dafeng 1st Street, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yibo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 1 Dafeng 1st Street, Guangzhou 510640, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yunxia Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 1 Dafeng 1st Street, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Qiwen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 1 Dafeng 1st Street, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Zongyong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 1 Dafeng 1st Street, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Hongbo Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 1 Dafeng 1st Street, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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Gaowa N, Zhang X, Li H, Wang Y, Zhang J, Hao Y, Cao Z, Li S. Effects of Rumen-Protected Niacin on Dry Matter Intake, Milk Production, Apparent Total Tract Digestibility, and Faecal Bacterial Community in Multiparous Holstein Dairy Cow during the Postpartum Period. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:617. [PMID: 33652794 PMCID: PMC7996887 DOI: 10.3390/ani11030617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive studies about rumen-protected niacin (RPN) supplementation on dairy cows in early-lactation have been done, but the effects of RPN on changes in dry matter intake (DMI), milk production, feed digestibility, and fecal bacterial community were conflicting. The aim of this study was to investigate them affected by RPN in postpartum cows. Multiparous Holstein dairy cows (n = 12, parity = 3.5 ± 0.5, body weights = 740 ± 28 kg) were divided into two groups supplemented with either 0 (CON) or 20 g/d RPN (RPN). Our results showed that RPN supplementation increased DMI and milk production of cows during the first three weeks after calving (p < 0.05). The concentrations of neuropeptide Y and orexin A were significantly higher in RPN group than that in the CON group during postpartum period (p < 0.05). The apparent total-tract digestibility of nutrients was similar between the CON and RPN groups at 2 weeks after calving (p > 0.05). The 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis showed that RPN had no impact on the alpha and beta diversity, although 4 genera were changed in cow feces at 14 days after calving. Overall, 20 g/d RPN added to the diet could improve DMI and milk yield up to two weeks after calving with little influence on feed digestibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naren Gaowa
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (N.G.); (X.Z.); (Y.W.); (Y.H.); (Z.C.)
| | - Xiaoming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (N.G.); (X.Z.); (Y.W.); (Y.H.); (Z.C.)
| | - Huanxu Li
- Beijing Oriental Kingherd Biotechnology Company, Beijing 100069, China;
| | - Yajing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (N.G.); (X.Z.); (Y.W.); (Y.H.); (Z.C.)
| | - Jun Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China;
| | - Yangyi Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (N.G.); (X.Z.); (Y.W.); (Y.H.); (Z.C.)
| | - Zhijun Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (N.G.); (X.Z.); (Y.W.); (Y.H.); (Z.C.)
| | - Shengli Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (N.G.); (X.Z.); (Y.W.); (Y.H.); (Z.C.)
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Effects of king grass and sugarcane top in the absence or presence of exogenous enzymes on the growth performance and rumen microbiota diversity of goats. Trop Anim Health Prod 2021; 53:106. [PMID: 33417104 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-020-02544-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the feasibility of sugarcane top (ST) application in the goat's diet was evaluated. A total of 20 goats were randomly divided into four groups. The dietary treatments were set as follows: animals were fed with king grass (KG), KG with exogenous enzymes (KGE), ST, and ST with exogenous enzymes (STE). The animals were given free access to feed and water. After 15 days of adaptation and 60 days of the experiment, the growth performance, plasma parameters, and rumen microbiota of goats were assessed. The results showed that the KG, ST, and exogenous enzyme supplement had no significant effects on the growth performance and plasma parameters. The diet affected the rumen microbiota diversity and structure, and the alpha and beta diversity in the animals fed with ST were dramatically greater compared with the animals fed with KG. The abundances of Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria, and Elusimicrobia were significantly decreased in the animals fed with KG or KGE, while the abundances of Firmicutes and Euryarchaeota were significantly higher in the animals fed with KG or KGE. Furthermore, the microbial communities were also different at the genus level. Moreover, the exogenous enzymes had a slight effect on rumen microbiota. Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) analysis showed that the greatest differences were found in bacterial taxa, and these specific taxa could be used as biomarkers to distinguish rumen microbiota. Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States (PICRUSt) functional profile prediction indicated that the dietary treatments of ST and KG could also alter the gene expression pattern in nutrient and energy metabolism, as well as replication and repair of genetic information pathways. Collectively, the dietary treatments of KG and ST in the absence or presence of exogenous enzymes had similar effects on the growth performance and plasma parameters of goats. Besides, the KG and ST diets could affect the rumen microbiota community and function of goats. Therefore, ST could be used as a promising alternative feed resource for ruminants without the addition of exogenous enzymes in tropical regions.
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10
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Xiao X, Wang J, Meng C, Liang W, Wang T, Zhou B, Wang Y, Luo X, Gao L, Zhang L. Moringa oleifera Lam and its Therapeutic Effects in Immune Disorders. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:566783. [PMID: 33390944 PMCID: PMC7773658 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.566783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Moringa oleifera Lam., a plant native to tropical forests of India, is characterized by its versatile application as a food additive and supplement therapy. Accumulating evidence shows that Moringa plays a critical role in immune-related diseases. In this review, we cover the history, constituents, edibility, and general medicinal value of Moringa. The effects of Moringa in treating immune disorders are discussed in detail. Moringa can not only eliminate pathogens, including bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites, but also inhibit chronic inflammation, such as asthma, ulcerative colitis, and metabolic diseases. Additionally, Moringa can attenuate physical and chemical irritation-induced immune disorders, such as metal intoxication, drug side effects, or even the adverse effect of food additives. Autoimmune diseases, like rheumatoid arthritis, atopic dermatitis, and multiple sclerosis, can also be inhibited by Moringa. Collectively, Moringa, with its multiple immune regulatory bioactivities and few side effects, has a marked potential to treat immune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Xiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University and the Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Laboratory of Molecular Translational Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Forensic Genetics, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jue Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Chen Meng
- Department of Forensic Genetics, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Weibo Liang
- Department of Forensic Genetics, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Translational Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bin Zhou
- Laboratory of Molecular Translational Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanyun Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Translational Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaolei Luo
- Laboratory of Molecular Translational Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Linbo Gao
- Laboratory of Molecular Translational Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Translational Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Forensic Genetics, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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11
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Tian H, Chen Y, Zhu N, Guo Y, Deng M, Liu G, Li Y, Liu D, Sun B. Effect of Broussonetia papyrifera silage on the serum indicators, hindgut parameters and fecal bacterial community of Holstein heifers. AMB Express 2020; 10:197. [PMID: 33128623 PMCID: PMC7603443 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-020-01135-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of substitution of whole corn silage (WCS) with Broussonetia papyrifera silage (BPS) in different ratios on the serum indicators, hindgut fermentation parameters (pH, ammoniacal nitrogen, and volatile fatty acids), and fecal bacterial community of Holstein heifers. Sixteen heifers (8-month-old, 220 ± 30 kg) were randomly divided into four treatments according to different BPS substitution ratios of feed basis (0%, 25%, 50%, and 75%). The experiment consisted of a 7-day preliminary feeding period and a 30-day experimental period. On the last day of the trial, the blood samples were collected from caudal vein, and the feces samples were collected from rectum. With the increasing of BPS content, the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in serum decreased (P < 0.05), and the immunoglobulin A (IgA) and IL-4 content of serum increased (P < 0.05); and the hindgut pH value increased (P < 0.05). 16S rRNA sequencing found that the dominant phyla were Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Verrucomicrobia; and the dominant genera were Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-010, and Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group. Linear Discriminant Analysis Effect Size (LEfSe) analysis found 12 differential operational taxonomic units (OTUs) which have strong correlation with some serum and hindgut indicators, and have the potential to be used as biomarkers. Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States (PICRUSt) found that BPS have impacts on the pathways, such as carbohydrate transport and metabolism, and promotes amino acid transport and metabolism. To sum up, inclusion of BPS in heifer diets can affect serum anti-oxidant and immune indicators, fecal parameters, composition and function of fecal microorganisms in Holstein heifers.
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12
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Xie Y, Liu J, Wang H, Luo J, Chen T, Xi Q, Zhang Y, Sun J. Effects of fermented feeds and ginseng polysaccharides on the intestinal morphology and microbiota composition of Xuefeng black-bone chicken. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237357. [PMID: 32780763 PMCID: PMC7418966 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fermented feeds contain abundant organic acids, amino acids, and small peptides, which improve the nutritional status as well as the morphology and microbiota composition of the intestine. Ginseng polysaccharides exhibit several biological activities and contribute to improving intestinal development. Here, Xuefeng black-bone chickens were fed a basal diet fermented by Bacillus subtilis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Enterococcus faecium, with or without ginseng polysaccharides. The 100% microbially fermented feed (Fe) and 100% microbially fermented feed and ginseng polysaccharide (FP) groups showed significantly increased villus height and villus height to crypt depth ratio, and decreased crypt depth in the jejunum. In the 100% complete feed and ginseng polysaccharide (Po) group, the villus height to crypt depth ratio was significantly increased, crypt depth was reduced, and villus height remained unaffected. Next, we studied the intestinal microbial composition of 32 Xuefeng black-bone chickens. A total of 10 phyla and 442 genera were identified, among which Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes were the most dominant phyla. At the genus level, Sutterella and Asteroleplasma abundance increased and decreased, respectively, in the FP and Po groups. Sutterella abundance was positively correlated to villus height and villus height to crypt depth ratio, and negatively correlated to crypt depth, and Asteroleplasma abundance was positively correlated to crypt depth and negatively correlated to villus height to crypt depth ratio. At the species level, the FP group showed significantly increased Bacteroides_vulgatus and Eubacterium_tortuosum and decreased Mycoplasma_gallinarum and Asteroleplasma_anaerobium abundance, and the Po group showed significantly increased Mycoplasma_gallinarum and Asteroleplasma_anaerobium abundance. Moreover, bacterial abundance was closely related to the jejunum histomorphology. Asteroleplasma_anaerobium abundance was positively correlated with crypt depth and negatively correlated with villus height to crypt depth ratio. Mycoplasma_gallinarum abundance was positively correlated to villus height, and Bacteroides_vulgatus and Eubacterium_tortuosum abundance was positively correlated with villus height to crypt depth ratio and negatively correlated with crypt depth. Therefore, fermented feeds with ginseng polysaccharides may be used as effective alternatives to antibiotics for improving intestinal morphology and microbial composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueqin Xie
- College of Animal Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jie Liu
- College of Animal Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Huan Wang
- College of Animal Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Junyi Luo
- College of Animal Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ting Chen
- College of Animal Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qianyun Xi
- College of Animal Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yongliang Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- * E-mail: (YZ); (JS)
| | - Jiajie Sun
- College of Animal Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- * E-mail: (YZ); (JS)
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13
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Albonico F, Barelli C, Albanese D, Manica M, Partel E, Rosso F, Ripellino S, Pindo M, Donati C, Zecconi A, Mortarino M, Hauffe HC. Raw milk and fecal microbiota of commercial Alpine dairy cows varies with herd, fat content and diet. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237262. [PMID: 32760129 PMCID: PMC7410245 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The factors that influence the diversity and composition of raw milk and fecal microbiota in healthy commercial dairy herds are not fully understood, partially because the majority of metataxonomic studies involve experimental farms and/or single factors. We analyzed the raw milk and fecal microbiota of 100 healthy cows from 10 commercial alpine farms from the Province of Trento, Italy, using metataxonomics and applied statistical modelling to investigate which extrinsic and intrinsic parameters (e.g. herd, diet and milk characteristics) correlated with microbiota richness and composition in these relatively small traditional farms. We confirmed that Firmicutes, Ruminococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae families dominated the fecal and milk samples of these dairy cows, but in addition, we found an association between the number of observed OTUs and Shannon entropy on each farm that indicates higher microbiota richness is associated with increased microbiota stability. Modelling showed that herd was the most significant factor affecting the variation in both milk and fecal microbiota composition. Furthermore, the most important predictors explaining the variation of microbiota richness were milk characteristics (i.e. percentage fat) and diet for milk and fecal samples, respectively. We discuss how high intra-herd variation could affect the development of treatments based on microbiota manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Albonico
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all’Adige, Trento, Italy
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Universiy of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Barelli
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all’Adige, Trento, Italy
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Davide Albanese
- Unit of Computational Biology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all’Adige, Trento, Italy
| | - Mattia Manica
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all’Adige, Trento, Italy
| | - Erika Partel
- Technology Transfer Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all’Adige, Trento, Italy
| | - Fausta Rosso
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all’Adige, Trento, Italy
| | - Silvia Ripellino
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all’Adige, Trento, Italy
| | - Massimo Pindo
- Department of Genomics and Biology of Fruit Crops, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, S. Michele all’ Adige (TN), Trento, Italy
| | - Claudio Donati
- Unit of Computational Biology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all’Adige, Trento, Italy
| | - Alfonso Zecconi
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Heidi C. Hauffe
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all’Adige, Trento, Italy
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14
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Xie Y, Chen Z, Wang D, Chen G, Sun X, He Q, Luo J, Chen T, Xi Q, Zhang Y, Sun J. Effects of Fermented Herbal Tea Residues on the Intestinal Microbiota Characteristics of Holstein Heifers Under Heat Stress. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1014. [PMID: 32528442 PMCID: PMC7264259 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Herbal tea residue (HTR) is a reusable resource with high nutritional value and bioactive substances content, which can be used as a feed additive. In the present study, HTRs were fermented by lactic acid bacteria, and then fed to a total of 90 Holstein heifers, termed as CN, LC, and HC groups. The supplementation improved physiological indices of respiratory frequency and rectal temperature, increased the concentrations of immunoglobulins and antioxidant capacity-related parameters, and reduced the concentrations of heat stress-related parameters and serum hormones. The heifers’ body height increased considerably, while their energy metabolism rates were stimulated in response to fermented HTRs. We also studied the fecal microbial community composition of 8 Holstein heifers in each group, and employed correlation analysis with tested parameters. We found that the bacteria were closely related to characteristics including the energy utilization rate, growth performance, serum biochemical indexes, and fecal SCFA levels of the heifers. Based on our findings, the 5% fermented HTRs replaced corn silage might be advantageous for the heifers’ characteristics under heat stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueqin Xie
- Guangdong Engineering & Research Center for Woody Fodder Plants, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zujing Chen
- Guangdong Engineering & Research Center for Woody Fodder Plants, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongyang Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guoping Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohong Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian He
- Guangdong Engineering & Research Center for Woody Fodder Plants, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junyi Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Chen
- Guangdong Engineering & Research Center for Woody Fodder Plants, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianyun Xi
- Guangdong Engineering & Research Center for Woody Fodder Plants, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongliang Zhang
- Guangdong Engineering & Research Center for Woody Fodder Plants, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiajie Sun
- Guangdong Engineering & Research Center for Woody Fodder Plants, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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15
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Liu TH, Zhang CY, Din A, Li N, Wang Q, Yu JZ, Xu ZY, Li CX, Zhang XM, Yuan JL, Chen LG, Yang ZS. Bacterial association and comparison between lung and intestine in rats. Biosci Rep 2020; 40:BSR20191570. [PMID: 32323724 PMCID: PMC7189363 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20191570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The association between lung and intestine has already been reported, but the differences in community structures or functions between lung and intestine bacteria yet need to explore. To explore the differences in community structures or functions, the lung tissues and fecal contents in rats were collected and analyzed through 16S rRNA sequencing. It was found that intestine bacteria was more abundant and diverse than lung bacteria. In intestine bacteria, Firmicutes and Bacteroides were identified as major phyla while Lactobacillus was among the most abundant genus. However, in lung the major identified phylum was Proteobacteria and genus Pseudomonas was most prominent genus. On the other hand, in contrast the lung bacteria was more concentrated in cytoskeleton and function in energy production and conversion. While, intestine bacteria were enriched in RNA processing, modification chromatin structure, dynamics and amino acid metabolism. The study provides the basis for understanding the relationships between lung and intestine bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-hao Liu
- College of Chinese medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Chen-yang Zhang
- College of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ahmad Ud Din
- Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Ning Li
- Yan’an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Qian Wang
- School of Finance, Yunnan University of Finance and Economics, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jing-ze Yu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhen-yuan Xu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Chen-xi Li
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiao-mei Zhang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jia-li Yuan
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Li-guo Chen
- College of Chinese medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhong-shan Yang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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16
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Xiong Y, Yi H, Wu Q, Jiang Z, Wang L. Effects of acute heat stress on intestinal microbiota in grow-finishing pigs, and associations with feed intake and serum profile. J Appl Microbiol 2019; 128:840-852. [PMID: 31671233 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study was conducted to assess the effects of acute heat stress (HS) on intestinal microbiota, and the associations with the changes in feed intake (FI) and serum profile. METHODS AND RESULTS Twenty four individually housed pigs (Duroc × Large White × Landrace, 30 ± 1 kg body weight) were randomly assigned to receive one of three treatments (8 pigs/treatment): (i) thermal neutral (TN) conditions (25 ± 1°C), (ii) HS conditions (35 ± 1°C), (iii) pair-feeding (PF) with HS under TN conditions. After 24-h treatment, pigs were monitored to assess FI, and samples of serum and faeces were collected to investigate serum profile, microbial composition and short chain fatty acids (SCFAs). The results showed that HS decreased (P < 0·05) FI compared with the TN group. Compared with TN group, HS changed the serum profile by affecting biochemical parameters and hormones related with energy metabolism and stress response; immune indicators were also altered in HS group. Most of changes in serum profile were independent of FI reduction. Additionally, HS shifted the diversity and composition of faecal microbial community by increasing (P < 0·05) Proteobacteria and decreasing (P < 0·05) Bacteroidetes. Moreover, HS decreased (P < 0·05) the concentrations of propionate, butyrate, valerate, iso-valerate and total SCFAs in faeces in an FI-independent manner. Furthermore, the Spearman correlation analysis implied that changes of serum profile have potential correlation with alterations of faecal microbiota and their SCFAs metabolites in acute HS-treated grow-finishing pigs. CONCLUSIONS Metabolism disorders caused by 24-h acute HS associated with changes of faecal microbiota and their SCFAs metabolites in an FI-independent manner in grow-finishing pigs. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY These results give us a new insight of the intestinal damage caused by acute HS and the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - H Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Q Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Z Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - L Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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17
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Yan S, Zhu C, Yu T, Huang W, Huang J, Kong Q, Shi J, Chen Z, Liu Q, Wang S, Jiang Z, Chen Z. Studying the Differences of Bacterial Metabolome and Microbiome in the Colon between Landrace and Meihua Piglets. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1812. [PMID: 28983290 PMCID: PMC5613163 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to compare the microbiome and metabolome differences in the colon lumen from two pig breeds with different genetic backgrounds. Fourteen weaned piglets at 30 days of age, including seven Landrace piglets (a lean-type pig breed with a fast growth rate) and seven Meihua piglets (a fatty-type Chinese local pig breed with a slow growth rate), were fed the same diets for 35 days. Untargeted metabolomics analyses showed that a total of 401 metabolites differed between Landrace and Meihua. Seventy of these 401 metabolites were conclusively identified. Landrace accumulated more short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and secondary bile acids in the colon lumen. Moreover, expression of the SCFAs transporter (solute carrier family 5 member 8, SLC5A8) and receptor (G protein-coupled receptor 41, GPR41) in the colon mucosa was higher, while the bile acids receptor (farnesoid X receptor, FXR) had lower expression in Landrace compared to Meihua. The relative abundances of 8 genera and 16 species of bacteria differed significantly between Landrace and Meihua, and were closely related to the colonic concentrations of bile acids or SCFAs based on Pearson's correlation analysis. Collectively, our results demonstrate for the first time that there were differences in the colonic microbiome and metabolome between Meihua and Landrace piglets, with the most profound disparity in production of SCFAs and secondary bile acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijuan Yan
- Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou, China
| | - Cui Zhu
- Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou, China
| | - Ting Yu
- Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou, China
| | - Wenjie Huang
- Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou, China
| | - Jianfeng Huang
- Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou, China.,Brain Science Institute, South China Normal UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Qian Kong
- Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou, China
| | - Jingfang Shi
- Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou, China
| | - Zhongjian Chen
- Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou, China
| | - Qinjian Liu
- Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou, China
| | - Shaolei Wang
- Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou, China
| | - Zongyong Jiang
- Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou, China.,Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou, China
| | - Zhuang Chen
- Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou, China
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