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Tarvin RD, Coleman JL, Donoso DA, Betancourth-Cundar M, López-Hervas K, Gleason KS, Sanders JR, Smith JM, Ron SR, Santos JC, Sedio BE, Cannatella DC, Fitch R. Passive accumulation of alkaloids in non-toxic frogs challenges paradigms of the origins of acquired chemical defenses. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.13.593697. [PMID: 38798461 PMCID: PMC11118485 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.13.593697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the origins of novel, complex phenotypes is a major goal in evolutionary biology. Poison frogs of the family Dendrobatidae have evolved the novel ability to acquire alkaloids from their diet for chemical defense at least three times. However, taxon sampling for alkaloids has been biased towards colorful species, without similar attention paid to inconspicuous ones that are often assumed to be undefended. As a result, our understanding of how chemical defense evolved in this group is incomplete. Here we provide new data showing that, in contrast to previous studies, species from each undefended poison frog clade have measurable yet low amounts of alkaloids. We confirm that undefended dendrobatids regularly consume mites and ants, which are known sources of alkaloids. Further, we confirm the presence of alkaloids in two putatively non-toxic frogs from other families. Our data suggest the existence of a phenotypic intermediate between toxin consumption and sequestration-passive accumulation-that differs from active sequestration in that it involves no derived forms of transport and storage mechanisms yet results in low levels of toxin accumulation. We discuss the concept of passive accumulation and its potential role in the origin of chemical defenses in poison frogs and other toxin-sequestering organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca D. Tarvin
- Museum of Vertebrate Zoology and Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - Jeffrey L. Coleman
- Department of Integrative Biology and Biodiversity Collections, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Ancón, Republic of Panama
| | - David A. Donoso
- Grupo de Investigación en Ecología Evolutiva en los Trópicos (EETROP), Universidad de las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
- Ecological Networks Lab, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | | | | | - Kimberly S. Gleason
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Indiana State University, Terre Haute, IN 47809, USA
| | - J. Ryan Sanders
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Indiana State University, Terre Haute, IN 47809, USA
| | - Jacqueline M. Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Indiana State University, Terre Haute, IN 47809, USA
| | - Santiago R. Ron
- Museo de Zoología, Escuela de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Juan C. Santos
- Department of Biological Sciences, St John’s University, NY, USA 11439
| | - Brian E. Sedio
- Department of Integrative Biology and Biodiversity Collections, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Ancón, Republic of Panama
| | - David C. Cannatella
- Department of Integrative Biology and Biodiversity Collections, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA
| | - Richard Fitch
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Indiana State University, Terre Haute, IN 47809, USA
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2
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Daly EZ, Chabrerie O, Massol F, Facon B, Hess MC, Tasiemski A, Grandjean F, Chauvat M, Viard F, Forey E, Folcher L, Buisson E, Boivin T, Baltora‐Rosset S, Ulmer R, Gibert P, Thiébaut G, Pantel JH, Heger T, Richardson DM, Renault D. A synthesis of biological invasion hypotheses associated with the introduction–naturalisation–invasion continuum. OIKOS 2023. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.09645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ella Z. Daly
- Univ. of Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO (Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité, Evolution), UMR 6553 Rennes France
| | - Olivier Chabrerie
- Univ. de Picardie Jules Verne, UMR 7058 CNRS EDYSAN Amiens Cedex 1 France
| | - Francois Massol
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Inst. Pasteur de Lille, U1019 – UMR 9017 – CIIL – Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille Lille France
| | - Benoit Facon
- CBGP, INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, Montpellier Institut Agro, Univ. Montpellier Montpellier France
| | - Manon C.M. Hess
- Inst. Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d'Ecologie Marine et Continentale (IMBE), UMR: Aix Marseille Univ., Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD France
- Inst. de Recherche pour la Conservation des zones Humides Méditerranéennes Tour du Valat, Le Sambuc Arles France
| | - Aurélie Tasiemski
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Inst. Pasteur de Lille, U1019 – UMR 9017 – CIIL – Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille Lille France
| | - Frédéric Grandjean
- Univ. de Poitiers, UMR CNRS 7267 EBI‐Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, équipe EES Poitiers Cedex 09 France
| | | | | | - Estelle Forey
- Normandie Univ., UNIROUEN, INRAE, USC ECODIV Rouen France
| | - Laurent Folcher
- ANSES – Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de l'Alimentation, de l'Environnement et du Travail, Laboratoire de la Santé des Végétaux – Unité de Nématologie Le Rheu France
| | - Elise Buisson
- Inst. Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d'Ecologie Marine et Continentale (IMBE), UMR: Aix Marseille Univ., Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD France
| | - Thomas Boivin
- INRAE, UR629 Écologie des Forêts Méditerranéennes, Centre de Recherche Provence‐Alpes‐Côte d'Azur Avignon France
| | | | - Romain Ulmer
- Univ. de Picardie Jules Verne, UMR 7058 CNRS EDYSAN Amiens Cedex 1 France
| | - Patricia Gibert
- UMR 5558 CNRS – Univ. Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, Bât. Gregor Mendel Villeurbanne Cedex France
| | - Gabrielle Thiébaut
- Univ. of Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO (Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité, Evolution), UMR 6553 Rennes France
| | - Jelena H. Pantel
- Ecological Modelling, Faculty of Biology, Univ. of Duisburg‐Essen Essen Germany
| | - Tina Heger
- Leibniz Inst. of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB) Berlin Germany
- Technical Univ. of Munich, Restoration Ecology Freising Germany
| | - David M. Richardson
- Centre for Invasion Biology, Dept. Botany & Zoology, Stellenbosch University Stellenbosch South Africa
- Inst. of Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences Průhonice Czech Republic
| | - David Renault
- Univ. of Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO (Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité, Evolution), UMR 6553 Rennes France
- Inst. Universitaire de France Paris Cedex 05 France
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3
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Motta EVS, Gage A, Smith TE, Blake KJ, Kwong WK, Riddington IM, Moran N. Host-microbiome metabolism of a plant toxin in bees. eLife 2022; 11:82595. [PMID: 36472498 PMCID: PMC9897726 DOI: 10.7554/elife.82595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
While foraging for nectar and pollen, bees are exposed to a myriad of xenobiotics, including plant metabolites, which may exert a wide range of effects on their health. Although the bee genome encodes enzymes that help in the metabolism of xenobiotics, it has lower detoxification gene diversity than the genomes of other insects. Therefore, bees may rely on other components that shape their physiology, such as the microbiota, to degrade potentially toxic molecules. In this study, we show that amygdalin, a cyanogenic glycoside found in honey bee-pollinated almond trees, can be metabolized by both bees and members of the gut microbiota. In microbiota-deprived bees, amygdalin is degraded into prunasin, leading to prunasin accumulation in the midgut and hindgut. In microbiota-colonized bees, on the other hand, amygdalin is degraded even further, and prunasin does not accumulate in the gut, suggesting that the microbiota contribute to the full degradation of amygdalin into hydrogen cyanide. In vitro experiments demonstrated that amygdalin degradation by bee gut bacteria is strain-specific and not characteristic of a particular genus or species. We found strains of Bifidobacterium, Bombilactobacillus, and Gilliamella that can degrade amygdalin. The degradation mechanism appears to vary since only some strains produce prunasin as an intermediate. Finally, we investigated the basis of degradation in Bifidobacterium wkB204, a strain that fully degrades amygdalin. We found overexpression and secretion of several carbohydrate-degrading enzymes, including one in glycoside hydrolase family 3 (GH3). We expressed this GH3 in Escherichia coli and detected prunasin as a byproduct when cell lysates were cultured with amygdalin, supporting its contribution to amygdalin degradation. These findings demonstrate that both host and microbiota can act together to metabolize dietary plant metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erick VS Motta
- Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at AustinAustinUnited States
| | - Alejandra Gage
- Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at AustinAustinUnited States
| | - Thomas E Smith
- Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at AustinAustinUnited States
| | - Kristin J Blake
- Mass Spectrometry Facility, Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at AustinAustinUnited States
| | | | - Ian M Riddington
- Mass Spectrometry Facility, Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at AustinAustinUnited States
| | - Nancy Moran
- Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at AustinAustinUnited States
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Wertheim B. Adaptations and counter-adaptations in Drosophila host-parasitoid interactions: advances in the molecular mechanisms. CURRENT OPINION IN INSECT SCIENCE 2022; 51:100896. [PMID: 35240335 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2022.100896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Both hosts and parasitoids evolved a diverse array of traits and strategies for their antagonistic interactions, affecting their chances of encounter, attack and survival after parasitoid attack. This review summarizes the recent progress that has been made in elucidating the molecular mechanisms of these adaptations and counter-adaptations in various Drosophila host-parasitoid interactions. For the hosts, it focuses on the neurobiological and genetic control of strategies in Drosophila adults and larvae of avoidance or escape behaviours upon sensing the parasitoids, and the immunological defences involving diverse classes of haemocytes. For the parasitoids, it highlights their behavioural strategies in host finding, as well as the rich variety of venom components that evolved and were partially acquired through horizontal gene transfer. Recent studies revealed the mechanisms by which these venom components manipulate their parasitized hosts in exhibiting escape behaviour to avoid superparasitism, and their counter-strategies to evade or obstruct the hosts' immunological defences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bregje Wertheim
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.
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5
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Rissanen J, Helanterä H, Freitak D. Pathogen Prevalence Modulates Medication Behavior in Ant Formica fusca. FRONTIERS IN INSECT SCIENCE 2022; 2:870971. [PMID: 38468809 PMCID: PMC10926551 DOI: 10.3389/finsc.2022.870971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Ants face unique challenges regarding pathogens, as the sociality which has allowed them to form large and complex colonies also raises the potential for transmission of disease within them. To cope with the threat of pathogens, ants have developed a variety of behavioral and physiological strategies. One of these strategies is self-medication, in which animals use biologically active compounds to combat pathogens in a way which would be harmful in the absence of infection. Formica fusca are the only ants that have previously been shown to successfully self-medicate against an active infection caused by a fungal pathogen by supplementing their diet with food containing hydrogen peroxide. Here, we build on that research by investigating how the prevalence of disease in colonies of F. fusca affects the strength of the self-medication response. We exposed either half of the workers of each colony or all of them to a fungal pathogen and offered them different combinations of diets. We see that workers of F. fusca engage in self-medication behavior even if exposed to a low lethal dose of a pathogen, and that the strength of that response is affected by the prevalence of the disease in the colonies. We also saw that the infection status of the individual foragers did not significantly affect their decision to forage on either control food or medicinal food as uninfected workers were also foraging on hydrogen peroxide food, which opens up the possibility of kin medication in partially infected colonies. Our results further affirm the ability of ants to self-medicate against fungal pathogens, shed new light on plasticity of self-medication and raise new questions to be investigated on the role self-medication has in social immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Rissanen
- Institute of Biology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Tvärminne Zoological Station, University of Helsinki, Hanko, Finland
| | - Heikki Helanterä
- Tvärminne Zoological Station, University of Helsinki, Hanko, Finland
- Ecology and Genetics Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Dalial Freitak
- Institute of Biology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Tvärminne Zoological Station, University of Helsinki, Hanko, Finland
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6
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Tan WH, Talla V, Mongue AJ, de Roode JC, Gerardo NM, Walters JR. Population genomics reveals variable patterns of immune gene evolution in monarch butterflies (Danaus plexippus). Mol Ecol 2021; 30:4381-4391. [PMID: 34245613 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Humoral and cellular immune responses provide animals with major defences against harmful pathogens. While it is often assumed that immune genes undergo rapid diversifying selection, this assumption has not been tested in many species. Moreover, it is likely that different classes of immune genes experience different levels of evolutionary constraint, resulting in varying selection patterns. We examined the evolutionary patterns for a set of 91 canonical immune genes of North American monarch butterflies (Danaus plexippus), using as an outgroup the closely related soldier butterfly (Danaus eresimus). As a comparison to these immune genes, we selected a set of control genes that were paired with each immune for approximate size and genomic location. As a whole, these immune genes had a significant but modest reduction in Tajima's D relative to paired-control genes, but otherwise did not show distinct patterns of population genetic variation or evolutionary rates. When further partitioning these immune genes into four functional classes (recognition, signalling, modulation, and effector), we found distinct differences among these groups. Relative to control genes, recognition genes exhibit increased nonsynonymous diversity and divergence, suggesting reduced constraints on evolution, and supporting the notion that coevolution with pathogens results in diversifying selection. In contrast, signalling genes showed an opposite pattern of reduced diversity and divergence, suggesting evolutionary constraints and conservation. Modulator and effector genes showed no statistical differences from controls. These results are consistent with patterns found in immune genes in fruit flies and Pieris butterflies, suggesting that consistent selective pressures on different classes of immune genes broadly govern the evolution of innate immunity among insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Hao Tan
- Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Venkat Talla
- Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Andrew J Mongue
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | | | | | - James R Walters
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
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7
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Little CM, Chapman TW, Hillier NK. Plasticity Is Key to Success of Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) Invasion. JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2020; 20:5837529. [PMID: 32417920 PMCID: PMC7230767 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/ieaa034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
After its initial discovery in California in 2008, Drosophila suzukii Matsumura has become one of the most important invasive agricultural pest insects across climate zones in much of Asia, Europe, North America, and South America. Populations of D. suzukii have demonstrated notable behavioral and physiological plasticity, adapting to diverse environmental and climatic conditions, interspecific competition, novel food sources, and potential predators. This adaptability and plasticity have enabled rapid range expansion and diversified niche use by D. suzukii, making it a species particularly suited to changing habitats and conditions. This article reviews factors and evidence that influence plasticity in D. suzukii and promotes this species' invasiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine M Little
- Department of Biology, Acadia University, Wolfville, NS, Canada
- Department of Biology, Memorial University of Newfoundland and Labrador, St. John’s, NL, Canada
- Corresponding author, e-mail:
| | - Thomas W Chapman
- Department of Biology, Memorial University of Newfoundland and Labrador, St. John’s, NL, Canada
| | - N Kirk Hillier
- Department of Biology, Acadia University, Wolfville, NS, Canada
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8
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Bozler J, Kacsoh BZ, Bosco G. Transgeneratonal inheritance of ethanol preference is caused by maternal NPF repression. eLife 2019; 8:45391. [PMID: 31287057 PMCID: PMC6615861 DOI: 10.7554/elife.45391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapid or even anticipatory adaptation to environmental conditions can provide a decisive fitness advantage to an organism. The memory of recurring conditions could also benefit future generations; however, neuronally-encoded behavior isn’t thought to be inherited across generations. We tested the possibility that environmentally triggered modifications could allow ‘memory’ of parental experiences to be inherited. In Drosophila melanogaster, exposure to predatory wasps leads to inheritance of a predisposition for ethanol-rich food for five generations. Inhibition of Neuropeptide-F (NPF) activates germline caspases required for transgenerational ethanol preference. Further, inheritance of low NPF expression in specific regions of F1 brains is required for the transmission of this food preference: a maternally derived NPF locus is necessary for this phenomenon, implicating a maternal epigenetic mechanism of NPF-repression. Given the conserved signaling functions of NPF and its mammalian NPY homolog in drug and alcohol disorders, these observations raise the intriguing possibility of NPY-related transgenerational effects in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julianna Bozler
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, United States
| | - Balint Z Kacsoh
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, United States
| | - Giovanni Bosco
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, United States
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9
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de Roode JC, Hunter MD. Self-medication in insects: when altered behaviors of infected insects are a defense instead of a parasite manipulation. CURRENT OPINION IN INSECT SCIENCE 2019; 33:1-6. [PMID: 31358187 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Studies have demonstrated that medication behaviors by insects are much more common than previously thought. Bees, ants, flies, and butterflies can use a wide range of toxic and nutritional compounds to medicate themselves or their genetic kin. Medication occurs either in response to active infection (therapy) or high infection risk (prophylaxis), and can be used to increase resistance or tolerance to infection. While much progress has been made over the last few years, there are also key areas that require in-depth investigation. These include quantifying the costs of medication, especially at the colony level of social insects, and formulating theoretical models that can predict the role of infection risk in driving micro-evolutionary and macro-evolutionary patterns of animal medication behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacobus C de Roode
- Department of Biology, Emory University, 1510 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States.
| | - Mark D Hunter
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, 1105 N University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
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10
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Kirk Green C, Moore PJ, Sial AA. Impact of heat stress on development and fertility of Drosophila suzukii Matsumura (Diptera: Drosophilidae). JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 114:45-52. [PMID: 30796949 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2019.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Drosophila suzukii is a globally invasive fruit pest that costs millions in yield losses and increased pest management costs. Management practices for D. suzukii currently rely heavily on calendar-based applications of broad-spectrum insecticides, but decision-based applications are theoretically possible with refined population modeling and monitoring. Temperature conditions are strongly deterministic of insect growth rates, fecundity, fertility, and resulting population densities. Therefore, information about the effects of temperature can be incorporated into population modeling to accurately predict D. suzukii population densities in the field which is crucial to maximize pesticide application efficiency and improve sustainability. Here, we investigated the effects of chronic heat stress during all of juvenile development on egg-to-adult viability and fertility. We also investigated egg-to-adult viability under heat stress after heat shock of the maternal parent. We found that heat stress during development results in lower egg-to-adult viability, and reduced lifespan and fertility for surviving adults. However, heat-shock treatment of females prior to egg laying increased the egg-to-adult viability of their eggs under heat stress. Female flies that developed at 30 °C had smaller ovaries than the untreated group and male flies had less sperm in their testes, and no sperm in their seminal vesicles. We conclude that heat stress during development is likely to have negative effect on D. suzukii population dynamics in the field. However, the intensity of such negative impact will depend on the phenotypic state of their maternal parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Kirk Green
- Department of Entomology, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, 413 Biological Sciences, Athens, GA 30602-2603, USA
| | - Patricia J Moore
- Department of Entomology, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, 413 Biological Sciences, Athens, GA 30602-2603, USA
| | - Ashfaq A Sial
- Department of Entomology, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, 413 Biological Sciences, Athens, GA 30602-2603, USA.
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11
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Plantamp C, Henri H, Andrieux T, Regis C, Mialdea G, Dray S, Gibert P, Desouhant E. Phenotypic plasticity in the invasive pest Drosophila suzukii: activity rhythms and gene expression in response to temperature. J Exp Biol 2019; 222:jeb.199398. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.199398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Phenotypic plasticity may contribute to the invasive success of an alien species in a new environment. A higher plastic species may survive and reproduce in more diverse environments, thereby supporting establishment and colonization. We focused on plasticity in the circadian rhythm of activity, which can favour species coexistence in invasion, for the invasive species Drosophila suzukii, which is expected to be a weaker direct competitor than other Drosophila species of the resident community. We compared between the invasive D. suzukii and the resident D. melanogaster the circadian rhythms of the locomotor activity in adults and the expression of clock genes in response to temperature. We showed that D. suzukii is active in a narrower range of temperatures than D. melanogaster and that the activities of both species overlap during the day, regardless of the temperature. Both species are diurnal and exhibit rhythmic activity at dawn and dusk, with a much lower activity at dawn for D. suzukii females. Our results showed that the timeless and clock genes are good candidates to explain the plastic response that is observed in relation to temperature. Overall, our results suggest that thermal phenotypic plasticity in D. suzukii activity is not sufficient to explain the invasive success of D. suzukii and calls for testing other hypotheses, such as the release of competitors and/or predators.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Plantamp
- Université de Lyon, 69000 Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, VetAgro Sup, INRIA, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, UMR 5558, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - H. Henri
- Université de Lyon, 69000 Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, VetAgro Sup, INRIA, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, UMR 5558, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - T. Andrieux
- Université de Lyon, 69000 Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, VetAgro Sup, INRIA, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, UMR 5558, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - C. Regis
- Université de Lyon, 69000 Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, VetAgro Sup, INRIA, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, UMR 5558, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - G. Mialdea
- Université de Lyon, 69000 Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, VetAgro Sup, INRIA, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, UMR 5558, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - S. Dray
- Université de Lyon, 69000 Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, VetAgro Sup, INRIA, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, UMR 5558, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - P. Gibert
- Université de Lyon, 69000 Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, VetAgro Sup, INRIA, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, UMR 5558, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - E. Desouhant
- Université de Lyon, 69000 Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, VetAgro Sup, INRIA, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, UMR 5558, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
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12
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Kruitwagen A, Beukeboom LW, Wertheim B. Optimization of native biocontrol agents, with parasitoids of the invasive pest Drosophila suzukii as an example. Evol Appl 2018; 11:1473-1497. [PMID: 30344621 PMCID: PMC6183459 DOI: 10.1111/eva.12648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of biological control methods for exotic invasive pest species has become more challenging during the last decade. Compared to indigenous natural enemies, species from the pest area of origin are often more efficient due to their long coevolutionary history with the pest. The import of these well-adapted exotic species, however, has become restricted under the Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit Sharing, reducing the number of available biocontrol candidates. Finding new agents and ways to improve important traits for control agents ("biocontrol traits") is therefore of crucial importance. Here, we demonstrate the potential of a surprisingly under-rated method for improvement of biocontrol: the exploitation of intraspecific variation in biocontrol traits, for example, by selective breeding. We propose a four-step approach to investigate the potential of this method: investigation of the amount of (a) inter- and (b) intraspecific variation for biocontrol traits, (c) determination of the environmental and genetic factors shaping this variation, and (d) exploitation of this variation in breeding programs. We illustrate this approach with a case study on parasitoids of Drosophila suzukii, a highly invasive pest species in Europe and North America. We review all known parasitoids of D. suzukii and find large variation among and within species in their ability to kill this fly. We then consider which genetic and environmental factors shape the interaction between D. suzukii and its parasitoids to explain this variation. Insight into the causes of variation informs us on how and to what extent candidate agents can be improved. Moreover, it aids in predicting the effectiveness of the agent upon release and provides insight into the selective forces that are limiting the adaptation of indigenous species to the new pest. We use this knowledge to give future research directions for the development of selective breeding methods for biocontrol agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid Kruitwagen
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life SciencesUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Leo W. Beukeboom
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life SciencesUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Bregje Wertheim
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life SciencesUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
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Hennig EI, Mazzi D. Spotted Wing Drosophila in Sweet Cherry Orchards in Relation to Forest Characteristics, Bycatch, and Resource Availability. INSECTS 2018; 9:E118. [PMID: 30217056 PMCID: PMC6165403 DOI: 10.3390/insects9030118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Forest vegetation is essential for the population development of the spotted wing drosophila (SWD). Yet, little is known of how the structure of surrounding forest areas influence the abundance of SWD within orchards. In this work, we use data from a field trial at five sites in Switzerland to analyse the relationship between the extent of forest area, its edge density, and its distance from the orchard with the occurrence of SWD in sweet cherry orchards in a Bayesian hierarchical model. Availability of cherries and bycatch were also included in the model to account for effects of resource availability and trap attractiveness, respectively. For all main effects and their interactions, we accounted for potential temporal changes by adding interactions with time. We found that the closer an orchard was to a forest, the more SWD were trapped within the orchard. However, the interaction of forest proximity with forest area caused a disproportionate decrease of SWD catches. Also, the within orchard variables, trap catches of other drosophilid flies and resource availability affected SWD trap catches, but their relation changed in the course of the experiment. The findings imply that reducing SWD occurrence in orchards and other crop fields requires not only the consideration of processes outside and within the host crop field, but also of temporally changing relationships between SWD and other factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernest Ireneusz Hennig
- Research Division Plant Protection, Agroscope, Müller-Thurgau-Strasse 29, 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland.
| | - Dominique Mazzi
- Research Division Plant Protection, Agroscope, Müller-Thurgau-Strasse 29, 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland.
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van Baaren J, Candolin U. Plasticity in a changing world: behavioural responses to human perturbations. CURRENT OPINION IN INSECT SCIENCE 2018; 27:21-25. [PMID: 30025630 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Most insect species are affected by Human Induced Rapid Environmental Changes (HIREC). Multiple responses to HIREC are observed in insects, such as modifications of their morphology, physiology, behavioural strategies or phenology. Most of the responses involve phenotypic plasticity rather than genetic evolution. Here, we review the involvement of behavioural plasticity in foraging, reproduction, habitat choice and dispersal; and how behavioural plasticity modifies social behaviour and inter-specific interactions. Although important, behavioural plasticity is rarely sufficient to cope with HIREC. An increasing number of studies find species to respond maladaptively or insufficiently to various anthropogenic disturbances, and less often is large degree of plasticity linked to success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan van Baaren
- UMR-CNRS 6553 ECOBIO, Université de Rennes, Campus de Beaulieu, Avenue du Gal Leclerc, 35042 Rennes cedex, France.
| | - Ulrika Candolin
- Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, PO Box 65, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
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