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Soliman BG, Nguyen AK, Gooding JJ, Kilian KA. Advancing Synthetic Hydrogels through Nature-Inspired Materials Chemistry. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2404235. [PMID: 38896849 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202404235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Synthetic extracellular matrix (ECM) mimics that can recapitulate the complex biochemical and mechanical nature of native tissues are needed for advanced models of development and disease. Biomedical research has heavily relied on the use of animal-derived biomaterials, which is now impeding their translational potential and convoluting the biological insights gleaned from in vitro tissue models. Natural hydrogels have long served as a convenient and effective cell culture tool, but advances in materials chemistry and fabrication techniques now present promising new avenues for creating xenogenic-free ECM substitutes appropriate for organotypic models and microphysiological systems. However, significant challenges remain in creating synthetic matrices that can approximate the structural sophistication, biochemical complexity, and dynamic functionality of native tissues. This review summarizes key properties of the native ECM, and discusses recent approaches used to systematically decouple and tune these properties in synthetic matrices. The importance of dynamic ECM mechanics, such as viscoelasticity and matrix plasticity, is also discussed, particularly within the context of organoid and engineered tissue matrices. Emerging design strategies to mimic these dynamic mechanical properties are reviewed, such as multi-network hydrogels, supramolecular chemistry, and hydrogels assembled from biological monomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bram G Soliman
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Ashley K Nguyen
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - J Justin Gooding
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Kristopher A Kilian
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
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2
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Sonani RR, Bianco S, Dietrich B, Doutch J, Draper ER, Adams DJ, Egelman EH. Atomic structures of naphthalene dipeptide micelles unravel mechanisms of assembly and gelation. CELL REPORTS. PHYSICAL SCIENCE 2024; 5:101812. [PMID: 38464674 PMCID: PMC10922087 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrp.2024.101812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Peptide-based biopolymers have gained increasing attention due to their versatile applications. A naphthalene dipeptide (2NapFF) can form chirality-dependent tubular micelles, leading to supramolecular gels. The precise molecular arrangement within these micelles and the mechanism governing gelation have remained enigmatic. We determined, at near-atomic resolution, cryoelectron microscopy structures of the 2NapFF micelles LL-tube and LD-tube, generated by the stereoisomers (l,l)-2NapFF and (l,d)-2NapFF, respectively. The structures reveal that the fundamental packing of dipeptides is driven by the systematic π-π stacking of aromatic rings and that same-charge repulsion between the carbonyl groups is responsible for the stiffness of both tubes. The structural analysis elucidates how a single residue's altered chirality gives rise to markedly distinct tubular structures and sheds light on the mechanisms underlying the pH-dependent gelation of LL- and LD-tubes. The understanding of dipeptide packing and gelation mechanisms provides insights for the rational design of 2NapFF derivatives, enabling the modulation of micellar dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi R. Sonani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Simona Bianco
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ Glasgow, UK
| | - Bart Dietrich
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ Glasgow, UK
| | - James Doutch
- ISIS Pulsed Neutron and Muon Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, OX11 0QX Didcot, UK
| | - Emily R. Draper
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ Glasgow, UK
| | - Dave J. Adams
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ Glasgow, UK
| | - Edward H. Egelman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
- Lead contact
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3
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Yonenuma R, Mori H. RAFT-synthesis and self-assembly-induced emission of pendant diphenylalanine-tetraphenylethylene copolymers. SOFT MATTER 2023; 19:8403-8412. [PMID: 37877167 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm00988b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Manipulation of the properties of aggregation-induced emission luminogens (AIEgens) by combining self-assembling motifs has attracted significant interest as a promising approach to developing various advanced materials. In this study, pendant diphenylalanine-tetraphenylethylene (TPE) copolymers exhibiting the ability for self-assembly and AIE properties were synthesized via reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) copolymerization. The resulting anionic and non-ionic amphiphilic copolymers with a carbon-carbon main chain bearing diphenylalanine-TPE through-space interactions self-assembled into nanorods and nanofibers, showing blue emissions originating from the aggregation of TPE side chains in the assembled structures. Suitable tuning of the comonomer composition, monomer structure, and environmental conditions (e.g., solvent polarity) enables manipulation of the self-assembled structures, AIE properties, and aggregation-induced circular dichroism by achiral TPE units via through-space interactions with diphenylalanine moieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Yonenuma
- Department of Organic Materials Science, Graduate School of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata University, 4-3-16, Jonan, Yonezawa City, Yamagata Prefecture 992-8510, Japan.
| | - Hideharu Mori
- Department of Organic Materials Science, Graduate School of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata University, 4-3-16, Jonan, Yonezawa City, Yamagata Prefecture 992-8510, Japan.
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4
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Bigo Simon A, Fores JR, Criado-Gonzalez M, Blandin L, Runser JY, Senger B, Fleith G, Schmutz M, Schurhammer R, Chaumont A, Schaaf P, Combet J, Jierry L. Mechanistic Insights into Hyaluronic Acid Induced Peptide Nanofiber Organization in Supramolecular Hydrogels. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:3794-3805. [PMID: 37535455 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Composite hydrogels composed of low-molecular-weight peptide self-assemblies and polysaccharides are gaining great interest as new types of biomaterials. Interactions between polysaccharides and peptide self-assemblies are well reported, but a molecular picture of their impact on the resulting material is still missing. Using the phosphorylated tripeptide precursor Fmoc-FFpY (Fmoc, fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl; F, phenylalanine; Y, tyrosine; p, phosphate group), we investigated how hyaluronic acid (HA) influences the enzyme-assisted self-assembly of Fmoc-FFY generated in situ in the presence of alkaline phosphatase (AP). In the absence of HA, Fmoc-FFY peptides are known to self-assemble in nanometer thick and micrometer long fibers. The presence of HA leads to the spontaneous formation of bundles of several micrometers thickness. Using fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP), we find that in the bundles both (i) HA colocalizes with the peptide self-assemblies and (ii) its presence in the bundles is highly dynamic. The attractive interaction between negatively charged peptide fibers and negatively charged HA chains is explained through molecular dynamic simulations that show the existence of hydrogen bonds. Whereas the Fmoc-FFY peptide self-assembly itself is not affected by the presence of HA, this polysaccharide organizes the peptide nanofibers in a nematic phase visible by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). The mean distance d between the nanofibers decreases by increasing the HA concentration c, but remains always larger than the diameter of the peptide nanofibers, indicating that they do not interact directly with each other. At a high enough HA concentration, the nematic organization transforms into an ordered 2D hexagonal columnar phase with a nanofiber distance d of 117 Å. Depletion interaction generated by the polysaccharides can explain the experimental power law variation d ∼ c - 1 / 4 and is responsible for the bundle formation and organization. Such behavior is thus suggested for the first time on nano-objects using polymers partially adsorbing on self-assembled peptide nanofibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Bigo Simon
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut Charles Sadron (UPR22), 23 rue du Loess, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2, BP 84047, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Chimie, UMR7140, 1 rue Blaise Pascal, 67008 Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Jennifer Rodon Fores
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut Charles Sadron (UPR22), 23 rue du Loess, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2, BP 84047, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM Unité 1121, CRBS, 1 rue Eugène Boeckel, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, 8 rue Sainte Elisabeth, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Miryam Criado-Gonzalez
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut Charles Sadron (UPR22), 23 rue du Loess, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2, BP 84047, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM Unité 1121, CRBS, 1 rue Eugène Boeckel, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, 8 rue Sainte Elisabeth, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Lucille Blandin
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut Charles Sadron (UPR22), 23 rue du Loess, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2, BP 84047, France
| | - Jean-Yves Runser
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut Charles Sadron (UPR22), 23 rue du Loess, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2, BP 84047, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM Unité 1121, CRBS, 1 rue Eugène Boeckel, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, 8 rue Sainte Elisabeth, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Bernard Senger
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM Unité 1121, CRBS, 1 rue Eugène Boeckel, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, 8 rue Sainte Elisabeth, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Guillaume Fleith
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut Charles Sadron (UPR22), 23 rue du Loess, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2, BP 84047, France
| | - Marc Schmutz
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut Charles Sadron (UPR22), 23 rue du Loess, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2, BP 84047, France
| | - Rachel Schurhammer
- Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Chimie, UMR7140, 1 rue Blaise Pascal, 67008 Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Alain Chaumont
- Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Chimie, UMR7140, 1 rue Blaise Pascal, 67008 Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Pierre Schaaf
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut Charles Sadron (UPR22), 23 rue du Loess, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2, BP 84047, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM Unité 1121, CRBS, 1 rue Eugène Boeckel, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, 8 rue Sainte Elisabeth, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, 23 rue du Loess, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2, BP 84047, France
| | - Jérôme Combet
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut Charles Sadron (UPR22), 23 rue du Loess, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2, BP 84047, France
| | - Loïc Jierry
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut Charles Sadron (UPR22), 23 rue du Loess, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2, BP 84047, France
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5
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Self-Assembly and Gelation Study of Dipeptide Isomers with Norvaline and Phenylalanine. CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/chemistry4040093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Dipeptides have emerged as attractive building blocks for supramolecular materials thanks to their low-cost, inherent biocompatibility, ease of preparation, and environmental friendliness as they do not persist in the environment. In particular, hydrophobic amino acids are ideal candidates for self-assembly in polar and green solvents, as a certain level of hydrophobicity is required to favor their aggregation and reduce the peptide solubility. In this work, we analyzed the ability to self-assemble and the gel of dipeptides based on the amino acids norvaline (Nva) and phenylalanine (Phe), studying all their combinations and not yielding to enantiomers, which display the same physicochemical properties, and hence the same self-assembly behavior in achiral environments as those studied herein. A single-crystal X-ray diffraction of all the compounds revealed fine details over their molecular packing and non-covalent interactions.
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6
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Localized Enzyme-Assisted Self-Assembly of low molecular weight hydrogelators. Mechanism, applications and perspectives. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 304:102660. [PMID: 35462266 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2022.102660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Nature uses systems of high complexity coordinated by the precise spatial and temporal control of associated processes, working from the molecular to the macroscopic scale. This living organization is mainly ensured by enzymatic actions. Herein, we review the concept of Localized Enzyme-Assisted Self-Assembly (LEASA). It is defined and presented as a straightforward and insightful strategy to achieve high levels of control in artificial systems. Indeed, the use of immobilized enzymes to drive self-assembly events leads not only to the local formation of supramolecular structures but also to tune their kinetics and their morphologies. The possibility to design tailored complex systems taking advantage of self-assembled networks through their inherent and emergent properties offers new perspectives for the design of novel, more adaptable materials. As a result, some applications have already been developed and are gathered in this review. Finally, challenges and perspectives of LEASA are introduced and discussed.
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7
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Murphy RD, Garcia RV, Heise A, Hawker CJ. Peptides as 3D printable feedstocks: Design strategies and emerging applications. Prog Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2021.101487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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8
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Bellotto O, Kralj S, Melchionna M, Pengo P, Kisovec M, Podobnik M, De Zorzi R, Marchesan S. Self-Assembly of Unprotected Dipeptides into Hydrogels: Water-Channels Make the Difference. Chembiochem 2021; 23:e202100518. [PMID: 34784433 PMCID: PMC9299199 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202100518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Unprotected dipeptides are attractive building blocks for environmentally friendly hydrogel biomaterials by virtue of their low‐cost and ease of preparation. This work investigates the self‐assembling behaviour of the distinct stereoisomers of Ile‐Phe and Phe‐Ile in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) to form hydrogels, using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopy (ATR‐IR), circular dichroism (CD), and oscillatory rheometry. Each peptide purity and identity was also confirmed by 1H‐ and 13C‐NMR spectroscopy and HPLC‐MS. Finally, single‐crystal XRD data allowed the key interactions responsible for the supramolecular packing into amphipathic layers or water‐channels to be revealed. The presence of the latter in the crystal structure is a distinctive feature of the only gelator of this work that self‐organizes into stable hydrogels, with fast kinetics and the highest elastic modulus amongst its structural isomers and stereoisomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ottavia Bellotto
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Slavko Kralj
- Materials Synthesis Department, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Michele Melchionna
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy.,Unit of Trieste, INSTM, Via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Paolo Pengo
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Matic Kisovec
- Department of Molecular Biology and Nanobiotechnology, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1001, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Marjetka Podobnik
- Department of Molecular Biology and Nanobiotechnology, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1001, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Rita De Zorzi
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Silvia Marchesan
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy.,Unit of Trieste, INSTM, Via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy
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9
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Ccorahua R, Noguchi H, Hayamizu Y. Cosolvents Restrain Self-Assembly of a Fibroin-Like Peptide on Graphite. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:10893-10899. [PMID: 34559528 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c02594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Controllable self-assembly of peptides on solid surfaces has been investigated for establishing functional bio/solid interfaces. In this work, we study the influence of organic solvents on the self-assembly of a fibroin-like peptide on a graphite surface. The peptide has been designed by mimicking fibroin proteins to have strong hydrogen bonds among peptides enabling their self-assembly. We have employed cosolvents of water and organic solvents with a wide range of dielectric constants to control peptide self-assembly on the surface. Atomic force microscopy has revealed that the peptides self-assemble into highly ordered monolayer-thick linear structures on graphite after incubation in pure water, where the coverage of peptides on the surface is more than 85%. When methanol is mixed, the peptide coverage becomes zero at a threshold concentration of 30% methanol on graphite and 25% methanol on MoS2. The threshold concentration in ethanol, isopropanol, dimethyl sulfoxide, and acetone varies depending on the dielectric constant with restraining self-assembly of the peptides, and particularly low dielectric-constant protic solvents prevent the peptide self-assembly significantly. The observed phenomena are explained by competitive surface adsorption of the organic solvents and peptides and the solvation effect of the peptide assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Ccorahua
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Hironaga Noguchi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Yuhei Hayamizu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
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10
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Panja S, Dietrich B, Trabold A, Zydel A, Qadir A, Adams DJ. Varying the hydrophobic spacer to influence multicomponent gelation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:7898-7901. [PMID: 34286734 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc02786g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mixing low molecular weight gelators (LMWGs) shows promise as a means of preparing innovative materials with exciting properties. Here, we investigate the effect of increasing hydrophobic chain length on the properties of the resulting multicomponent systems which are capable of showing ambidextrous phase behaviour on pH perturbation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santanu Panja
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK.
| | - Bart Dietrich
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK.
| | - Adriana Trabold
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK.
| | - Agata Zydel
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK.
| | - Aleena Qadir
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK.
| | - Dave J Adams
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK.
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11
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Petrov SA, Machulkin AE, Petrov RA, Tavtorkin AN, Bondarenko GN, Legkov SA, Nifant'ev IE, Dolzhikova VD, Zyk NV, Majouga AG, Beloglazkina EK. Synthesis and organogelating behaviour of urea- and Fmoc-containing diphenylalanine based hexaamide. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.130127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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12
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Larik FA, Fillbrook LL, Nurttila SS, Martin AD, Kuchel RP, Al Taief K, Bhadbhade M, Beves JE, Thordarson P. Ultra-Low Molecular Weight Photoswitchable Hydrogelators. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:6764-6770. [PMID: 33295683 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202015703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Two photoswitchable arylazopyrozoles form hydrogels at a concentration of 1.2 % (w/v). With a molecular weight of 258.28 g mol-1 , these are the lowest known molecular weight hydrogelators that respond reversibly to light. Photoswitching of the E- to the Z-form by exposure to 365 nm light results in a macroscopic gel→sol transition; nearly an order of magnitude reduction in the measured elastic and loss moduli. In the case of the meta-arylazopyrozole, cryogenic transmission electron microscopy suggests that the 29±7 nm wide sheets in the E-gel state narrow to 13±2 nm upon photoswitching to the predominantly Z-solution state. Photoswitching for meta-arylazopyrozole is reversible through cycles of 365 nm and 520 nm excitation with little fatigue. The release of a rhodamine B dye encapsulated in gels formed by the arylazopyrozoles is accelerated more than 20-fold upon photoswitching with 365 nm light, demonstrating these materials are suitable for light-controlled cargo release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fayaz Ali Larik
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.,The Australian Centre for Nanomedicine and the ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Lucy L Fillbrook
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Sandra S Nurttila
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.,The Australian Centre for Nanomedicine and the ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Adam D Martin
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Rhiannon P Kuchel
- Electron Microscopy Unit, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Karrar Al Taief
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.,The Australian Centre for Nanomedicine and the ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Mohan Bhadbhade
- Solid State & Elemental Analysis Unit, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Jonathon E Beves
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Pall Thordarson
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.,The Australian Centre for Nanomedicine and the ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
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13
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Larik FA, Fillbrook LL, Nurttila SS, Martin AD, Kuchel RP, Al Taief K, Bhadbhade M, Beves JE, Thordarson P. Ultra‐Low Molecular Weight Photoswitchable Hydrogelators. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202015703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fayaz Ali Larik
- School of Chemistry The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
- The Australian Centre for Nanomedicine and the ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Lucy L. Fillbrook
- School of Chemistry The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Sandra S. Nurttila
- School of Chemistry The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
- The Australian Centre for Nanomedicine and the ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Adam D. Martin
- Dementia Research Centre Department of Biomedical Science Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Macquarie University Sydney NSW 2109 Australia
| | - Rhiannon P. Kuchel
- Electron Microscopy Unit Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Karrar Al Taief
- School of Chemistry The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
- The Australian Centre for Nanomedicine and the ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Mohan Bhadbhade
- Solid State & Elemental Analysis Unit Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Jonathon E. Beves
- School of Chemistry The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Pall Thordarson
- School of Chemistry The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
- The Australian Centre for Nanomedicine and the ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
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14
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Diaferia C, Rosa E, Accardo A, Morelli G. Peptide-based hydrogels as delivery systems for doxorubicin. J Pept Sci 2021; 28:e3301. [PMID: 33491262 DOI: 10.1002/psc.3301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels (HGs) and nanogels (NGs) have been recently identified as innovative supramolecular materials for many applications in biomedical field such as in tissue engineering, optoelectronic, and local delivery of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). Due to their in vivo biocompatibility, synthetic accessibility, low cost, and tunability, peptides have been used as suitable building blocks for preparation of HGs and NGs formulations. Peptide HGs have shown an outstanding potential to deliver small drugs, protein therapeutics, or diagnostic probes, maintaining the efficacy of their loaded molecules, preventing degradation phenomena, and responding to external physicochemical stimuli. In this review, we discuss the possible use of peptide-based HGs and NGs as vehicles for the delivery of the anticancer drug doxorubicin (Dox). This anthracycline is clinically used for leukemia, stomach, lung, ovarian, breast, and bladder cancer therapy. The loading of Dox into supramolecular systems (liposomes, micelles, hydrogels, and nanogels) allows reducing its cardiotoxicity. According to a primary sequence classification of the constituent peptide, doxorubicin-loaded systems are here classified in short and ultra-short peptide-based HGs, RGD, or RADA-peptide-based HGs and peptide-based NGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Diaferia
- Department of Pharmacy, Research Centre on Bioactive Peptides (CIRPeB), University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, 80134, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Rosa
- Department of Pharmacy, Research Centre on Bioactive Peptides (CIRPeB), University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, 80134, Italy
| | - Antonella Accardo
- Department of Pharmacy, Research Centre on Bioactive Peptides (CIRPeB), University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, 80134, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Morelli
- Department of Pharmacy, Research Centre on Bioactive Peptides (CIRPeB), University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, 80134, Italy
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15
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Kurbasic M, Parisi E, Garcia AM, Marchesan S. Self-Assembling, Ultrashort Peptide Gels as Antimicrobial Biomaterials. Curr Top Med Chem 2021; 20:1300-1309. [PMID: 32178611 DOI: 10.2174/1568026620666200316150221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Supramolecular antimicrobial hydrogels based on peptides are attractive soft materials for the treatment of infections, considering their ease of preparation and benign fate in biological settings and in the environment. In particular, stimuli-responsive systems that can be assembled/disassembled ad hoc could offer the opportunity to switch on/off their bioactivity as needed. Besides, the shorter is the peptide, the lower its cost of production. However, a structure-to-function relationship is yet to be defined and reported activities are generally not yet competitive relative to traditional antibiotics. Inspiration for their design can be found in host defense peptides (HDPs), which can self-assemble to exert their function. This article reviews research developments in this emerging area, and it examines features, differences and similarities between antimicrobial and amyloid peptides to open the avenue towards the next generation of supramolecular antimicrobial peptides as innovative therapeutic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Kurbasic
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Evelina Parisi
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Ana M Garcia
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Silvia Marchesan
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
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16
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Jeffries CM, Pietras Z, Svergun DI. The basics of small-angle neutron scattering (SANS for new users of structural biology). EPJ WEB OF CONFERENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202023603001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) provides a means to probe the time-preserved structural state(s) of bio-macromolecules in solution. As such, SANS affords the opportunity to assess the redistribution of mass, i.e., changes in conformation, which occur when macromolecules interact to form higher-order assemblies and to evaluate the structure and disposition of components within such systems. As a technique, SANS offers scope for ‘out of the box thinking’, from simply investigating the structures of macromolecules and their complexes through to where structural biology interfaces with soft-matter and nanotechnology. All of this simply rests on the way neutrons interact and scatter from atoms (largely hydrogens) and how this interaction differs from the scattering of neutrons from the nuclei of other ‘biological isotopes’. The following chapter describes the basics of neutron scattering for new users of structural biology in context of the neutron/hydrogen interaction and how this can be exploited to interrogate the structures of macromolecules, their complexes and nano-conjugates in solution.
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17
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Sun B, Ariawan AD, Warren H, Goodchild SC, In Het Panhuis M, Ittner LM, Martin AD. Programmable enzymatic oxidation of tyrosine-lysine tetrapeptides. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:3104-3112. [PMID: 32207762 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb00250j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The ability to control the response of self-assembled systems upon exposure to external stimuli has been a long-standing goal of supramolecular chemistry. Short peptides are an attractive platform to realise this objective due to their chemical diversity and modular nature. Here, we synthesise a library of Fmoc-capped tetrapeptides, each containing two tyrosine and two lysine residues and varying in their amino acid sequence. Despite having similar secondary structure, these tetrapeptides form structures which are highly sequence dependent, yielding aggregates, nanofibres or monomers. This in turn highly affects the rate and degree of oxidative polymerisation by the enzyme tyrosinase, with self-assembled nanofibres exhibiting a greater degree of polymerisation. We monitor the formation of tyrosine oxidation products over time, finding that the precipitation of polymers is driven by quinone-based species. This affects the electrochemical properties of the oxidised peptide polymers, as determined through electrical impedance spectroscopy. Finally, intrinsic fluorescence microscale thermophoresis studies confirm that the degree of oxidative polymerisation is highly dependent on tyrosine solvent accessibility and the presence of peptide monomers. The ability to tune the kinetics of enzymatically active substrates and understand their polymerisation pathways on a molecular level is important for the creation of programmable, enzyme responsive biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biyun Sun
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia.
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18
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Martin AD, Thordarson P. Beyond Fmoc: a review of aromatic peptide capping groups. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:863-877. [PMID: 31950969 DOI: 10.1039/c9tb02539a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Self-assembling short peptides have attracted widespread interest due to their tuneable, biocompatible nature and have potential applications in energy materials, tissue engineering, sensing and drug delivery. The hierarchical self-assembly of these peptides is highly dependent on the selection of not only amino acid sequence, but also the capping group which is often employed at the N-terminus of the peptide to drive self-assembly. Although the Fmoc (9H-fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl) group is commonly used due to its utility in solid phase peptide synthesis, many other aromatic capping groups have been reported which yield functional, responsive materials. This review explores recent developments in the utilisation of functional, aromatic capping groups beyond the Fmoc group for the creation of redox-responsive, fluorescent and drug delivering hydrogel scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam D Martin
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia.
| | - Pall Thordarson
- School of Chemistry, The Australian Centre for Nanomedicine and the ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science & Technology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
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19
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Diaferia C, Roviello V, Morelli G, Accardo A. Self‐Assembly of PEGylated Diphenylalanines into Photoluminescent Fibrillary Aggregates. Chemphyschem 2019; 20:2774-2782. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201900884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Diaferia
- Department of Pharmacy Research Centre on Bioactive Peptides (CIRPeB)University of Naples “Federico II” Via Mezzocannone 16 80134- Naples Italy
| | - Valentina Roviello
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Industrial Production Engineering, DICMaPIUniversity of Naples “Federico II” Piazzale Tecchio 80 80125 Naples Italy
| | - Giancarlo Morelli
- Department of Pharmacy Research Centre on Bioactive Peptides (CIRPeB)University of Naples “Federico II” Via Mezzocannone 16 80134- Naples Italy
| | - Antonella Accardo
- Department of Pharmacy Research Centre on Bioactive Peptides (CIRPeB)University of Naples “Federico II” Via Mezzocannone 16 80134- Naples Italy
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20
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McAulay K, Dietrich B, Su H, Scott MT, Rogers S, Al-Hilaly YK, Cui H, Serpell LC, Seddon AM, Draper ER, Adams DJ. Using chirality to influence supramolecular gelation. Chem Sci 2019; 10:7801-7806. [PMID: 31588329 PMCID: PMC6761870 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc02239b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Most low molecular weight gelators are chiral, with racemic mixtures often unable to form gels. Here, we show an example where all enantiomers, diastereomers and racemates of a single functionalized dipeptide can form gels. At high pH, different self-assembled aggregates are formed and these directly template the structures formed in the gel. Hence, solutions and gels with different properties can be accessed simply by varying the chirality. This opens up new design rules for the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate McAulay
- School of Chemistry , University of Glasgow , Glasgow , G12 8QQ , UK .
| | - Bart Dietrich
- School of Chemistry , University of Glasgow , Glasgow , G12 8QQ , UK .
| | - Hao Su
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , Whiting School of Engineering , Johns Hopkins University , 3400 North Charles Street , Baltimore , MD 21218 , USA
| | - Michael T Scott
- School of Chemistry , University of Glasgow , Glasgow , G12 8QQ , UK .
| | - Sarah Rogers
- ISIS Pulsed Neutron Source , Rutherford Appleton Laboratory , Didcot , OX11 0QX , UK
| | - Youssra K Al-Hilaly
- School of Life Sciences , University of Sussex , Falmer , UK
- Chemistry Department , College of Science , Mustansiriyah University , Baghdad , Iraq
| | - Honggang Cui
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , Whiting School of Engineering , Johns Hopkins University , 3400 North Charles Street , Baltimore , MD 21218 , USA
| | | | - Annela M Seddon
- School of Physics , HH Wills Physics Laboratory , University of Bristol , Tyndall Avenue , Bristol , BS8 1TL , UK
- Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials , HH Wills Physics Laboratory , University of Bristol , Tyndall Avenue , Bristol , BS8 1TL , UK
| | - Emily R Draper
- School of Chemistry , University of Glasgow , Glasgow , G12 8QQ , UK .
| | - Dave J Adams
- School of Chemistry , University of Glasgow , Glasgow , G12 8QQ , UK .
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21
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Sequeira MA, Herrera MG, Dodero VI. Modulating amyloid fibrillation in a minimalist model peptide by intermolecular disulfide chemical reduction. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:11916-11923. [PMID: 31125036 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp01846h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Peptide structural transformation and aggregation is associated with a large number of outsider aetiology diseases, and it is intrinsically linked to amyloid peptide aggregation. Diphenylalanine self-assembled structures are used as robust minimalist beta amyloids not only to elucidate protein aggregation but also to generate hydrogels. Herein, we employed a neutral model peptide Ac-Phe-Phe-Cys-NH2 (Ac-FFC-NH2) to elucidate the role of intermolecular disulfide bonds in protein fibrillation. The Ac-FFC-NH2 peptide initially self-assembles into nanospheres that evolve to amyloid type fibrils under mild oxidative conditions. Incubation of the peptide in the presence of the chemical reduction agent TCEP inhibits the formation of the fibrils, detecting only spherical nanostructures with no secondary structure. Importantly, we triggered the transformation of the preformed linear straight amyloid fibrils to non-fibrillar structures by TCEP treatment. Under this condition, the amyloid bundles are transformed into rings, which evolve to a new spherical microstructure. We showed that the chemical reduction of intermolecular S-S in internal amyloid sequences might favour the off-path intermediates of amyloid fibril growth, even when the fibrils are formed. Our findings demonstrated that in internal amyloid sequences, the formation of intermolecular S-S promotes the formation of amyloid type fibrils; meanwhile, its reduction stabilises non-fibrillar structures. Altogether, this work provides fundamental understanding at the molecular and supramolecular level, thus facilitating the rational design of therapeutic tools for protein aggregation diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Alejandra Sequeira
- Instituto de Química del Sur (INQUISUR-CONICET), Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur, 8000FTN Bahía Blanca, Argentina
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22
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Draper ER, Adams DJ. Controlling the Assembly and Properties of Low-Molecular-Weight Hydrogelators. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:6506-6521. [PMID: 31038973 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b00716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Low-molecular-weight gels are formed by the self-assembly of small molecules into fibrous networks that can immobilize a significant amount of solvent. Here, we focus on our work with a specific class of gelator, the functionalized dipeptide. We discuss the current state of the art in the area, focusing on how these materials can be controlled. We also highlight interesting and unusual observations and unanswered questions in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily R Draper
- School of Chemistry , University of Glasgow , Glasgow G12 9AB , U.K
| | - Dave J Adams
- School of Chemistry , University of Glasgow , Glasgow G12 9AB , U.K
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23
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Rodon Fores J, Criado-Gonzalez M, Schmutz M, Blanck C, Schaaf P, Boulmedais F, Jierry L. Protein-induced low molecular weight hydrogelator self-assembly through a self-sustaining process. Chem Sci 2019; 10:4761-4766. [PMID: 31160952 PMCID: PMC6509879 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc00312f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Controlling how, when and where a self-assembly process occurs is essential for the design of the next generation of smart materials. Along this route, enzyme-assisted self-assembly is a powerful tool developed during the last decade. Here we introduce another strategy allowing for spatiotemporal control over peptide self-assemblies. We use a Fmoc-peptide precursor in dynamic equilibrium with its low molecular weight hydrogelator (LMWH) through a reversible disulfide bond. In the absence of proteins, no self-assembly of the hydrogelator is observed. In the presence of proteins, their interactions with the precursor initiate a self-assembly process of the hydrogelator around them. This self-assembly displaces the equilibrium between precursor and LMWH according to Le Chatelier's principle, producing new hydrogelators available to pursue the self-assembly growth. One thus establishes a self-sustaining cycle fuelled by the self-assembly itself until full consumption of the LMWH. For proteins in solutions this process can lead to a supramolecular hydrogel whereas for proteins deposited on a surface, the gel growth is initiated exclusively from the surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Rodon Fores
- Université de Strasbourg , CNRS , Institut Charles Sadron (UPR22) , 23 rue du Loess , 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 , BP 84047 , France . ;
| | - Miryam Criado-Gonzalez
- Université de Strasbourg , CNRS , Institut Charles Sadron (UPR22) , 23 rue du Loess , 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 , BP 84047 , France . ;
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale , INSERM Unité 1121 , 11 rue Humann , 67085 Strasbourg Cedex , France
- Université de Strasbourg , Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire , 8 rue Sainte Elisabeth , 67000 Strasbourg , France
| | - Marc Schmutz
- Université de Strasbourg , CNRS , Institut Charles Sadron (UPR22) , 23 rue du Loess , 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 , BP 84047 , France . ;
| | - Christian Blanck
- Université de Strasbourg , CNRS , Institut Charles Sadron (UPR22) , 23 rue du Loess , 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 , BP 84047 , France . ;
| | - Pierre Schaaf
- Université de Strasbourg , CNRS , Institut Charles Sadron (UPR22) , 23 rue du Loess , 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 , BP 84047 , France . ;
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale , INSERM Unité 1121 , 11 rue Humann , 67085 Strasbourg Cedex , France
- Université de Strasbourg , Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire , 8 rue Sainte Elisabeth , 67000 Strasbourg , France
| | - Fouzia Boulmedais
- Université de Strasbourg , CNRS , Institut Charles Sadron (UPR22) , 23 rue du Loess , 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 , BP 84047 , France . ;
| | - Loïc Jierry
- Université de Strasbourg , CNRS , Institut Charles Sadron (UPR22) , 23 rue du Loess , 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 , BP 84047 , France . ;
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24
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Wang Y, Lovrak M, Liu Q, Maity C, le Sage VAA, Guo X, Eelkema R, van Esch JH. Hierarchically Compartmentalized Supramolecular Gels through Multilevel Self-Sorting. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:2847-2851. [PMID: 30563317 PMCID: PMC6385057 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b09596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hierarchical compartmentalization through the bottom-up approach is ubiquitous in living cells but remains a formidable task in synthetic systems. Here we report on hierarchically compartmentalized supramolecular gels that are spontaneously formed by multilevel self-sorting. Two types of molecular gelators are formed in situ from nonassembling building blocks and self-assemble into distinct gel fibers through a kinetic self-sorting process; interestingly, these distinct fibers further self-sort into separated microdomains, leading to microscale compartmentalized gel networks. Such spontaneously multilevel self-sorting systems provide a "bottom-up" approach toward hierarchically structured functional materials and may play a role in intracellular organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Wang
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Delft University
of Technology, van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Matija Lovrak
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Delft University
of Technology, van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Qian Liu
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Delft University
of Technology, van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Chandan Maity
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Delft University
of Technology, van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent A. A. le Sage
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Delft University
of Technology, van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Xuhong Guo
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- Engineering
Research Center of Materials Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, Shihezi University, Xinjiang 832000, China
| | - Rienk Eelkema
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Delft University
of Technology, van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Jan H. van Esch
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Delft University
of Technology, van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
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25
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Cross ER, Adams DJ. Probing the self-assembled structures and pK a of hydrogels using electrochemical methods. SOFT MATTER 2019; 15:1522-1528. [PMID: 30681698 DOI: 10.1039/c8sm02430h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The surface chemistry of the aggregated structures that form the scaffold in self-assembled hydrogels - their charge, hydrophobicity and ion-binding dynamics - plays an important role in determining the gel properties and the gel's suitability for specific applications. However, there are limited methods available for the study of this surface chemistry. Here, we show that electrochemical techniques can be used to measure the surface chemical properties of the self-assembled aggregate structures and also to determine the pKa of the gelators. We also provide a method to quickly determine whether a functionalised-dipeptide will form a gel or not. This method has scope for use in high-throughput screening and further complex pH-triggered self-assembled gelation systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily R Cross
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK.
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26
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Mason TO, Buell AK. The Kinetics, Thermodynamics and Mechanisms of Short Aromatic Peptide Self-Assembly. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1174:61-112. [PMID: 31713197 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-9791-2_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The self-assembly of short aromatic peptides and peptide derivatives into a variety of different nano- and microstructures (fibrillar gels, crystals, spheres, plates) is a promising route toward the creation of bio-compatible materials with often unexpected and useful properties. Furthermore, such simple self-assembling systems have been proposed as model systems for the self-assembly of longer peptides, a process that can be linked to biological function and malfunction. Much effort has been made in the last 15 years to explore the space of peptide sequences, chemical modifications and solvent conditions in order to maximise the diversity of assembly morphologies and properties. However, quantitative studies of the corresponding mechanisms of, and driving forces for, peptide self-assembly have remained relatively scarce until recently. In this chapter we review the current state of understanding of the thermodynamic driving forces and self-assembly mechanisms of short aromatic peptides into supramolecular structures. We will focus on experimental studies of the assembly process and our perspective will be centered around diphenylalanine (FF), a key motif of the amyloid β sequence and a paradigmatic self-assembly building block. Our main focus is the basic physical chemistry and key structural aspects of such systems, and we will also compare the mechanism of dipeptide aggregation with that of longer peptide sequences into amyloid fibrils, with discussion on how these mechanisms may be revealed through detailed analysis of growth kinetics, thermodynamics and other fundamental properties of the aggregation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas O Mason
- Department of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Alexander K Buell
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, DTU, Lyngby, Denmark.
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27
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Murali DM, Shanmugam G. The aromaticity of the phenyl ring imparts thermal stability to a supramolecular hydrogel obtained from low molecular mass compound. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj01781j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Using Fmoc-phenylalanine and Fmoc-cyclohexylalanine, we show that the aromaticity of the phenyl ring imparts significant thermal stability to a supramolecular hydrogel system and its significance depends on the method of inducing hydrogelation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhanya Mahalakshmi Murali
- Organic & Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Leather Research Institute (CSIR-CLRI)
- Chennai-600 020
- India
| | - Ganesh Shanmugam
- Organic & Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Leather Research Institute (CSIR-CLRI)
- Chennai-600 020
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
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28
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Dadhwal S, Fairhall JM, Goswami SK, Hook S, Gamble AB. Alkene-Azide 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition as a Trigger for Ultrashort Peptide Hydrogel Dissolution. Chem Asian J 2018; 14:1143-1150. [PMID: 30324726 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201801184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
An alkene-azide 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition between trans-cyclooctene (TCO) and an azide-capped hydrogel that promotes rapid gel dissolution is reported. Using an ultrashort aryl azide-capped peptide hydrogel (PhePhe), we have demonstrated proof-of-concept where upon reaction with TCO, the hydrogel undergoes a gel-sol transition via 1,2,3-triazoline degradation and 1,6-self-immolation of the generated aniline. The potential application of this as a general trigger in sustained drug delivery is demonstrated through release of encapsulated cargo (doxorubicin). Administration of TCO resulted in 87 % of the cargo being released in 10 h, compared to 13-14 % in the control gels. This is the first example of a potential bioorthogonal-triggered hydrogel dissolution using a traditional click-type reaction. This type of stimulus could be extended to other aryl azide-capped hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Dadhwal
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
| | - Jessica M Fairhall
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
| | - Shailesh K Goswami
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
| | - Sarah Hook
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
| | - Allan B Gamble
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
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29
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Cross ER, Sproules S, Schweins R, Draper ER, Adams DJ. Controlled Tuning of the Properties in Optoelectronic Self-Sorted Gels. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:8667-8670. [PMID: 29944359 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b05359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Multicomponent supramolecular gels have great potential for optoelectronics. Ideally, we could control the self-assembly of multiple components across many length scales, from the primary assembled structures to how these are arranged in space. This would allow energy transfer between p-type and n-type fibers to be controlled. Usually, a single network is formed and analyzed. It is not clear how most networks could be modified, and certainly not how these might be differentiated. Here, we address both of these issues. We show how the different components in a multicomponent gel can be differentiated by small-angle neutron scattering using contrast-matching experiments. The rate of self-assembly can be used to vary the networks that are formed, leading directly to changes in the efficiency of electron transfer. The assembly kinetics can therefore be used to prepare different networks from the same primary building blocks and primary self-assembled structures. We expect that these advances will allow multicomponent systems to become effective electronic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily R Cross
- School of Chemistry , University of Glasgow , Glasgow G12 8QQ , U.K
| | - Stephen Sproules
- School of Chemistry , University of Glasgow , Glasgow G12 8QQ , U.K
| | - Ralf Schweins
- Large Scale Structures Group , Institut Laue-Langevin , 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS 20156 , F-38042 Grenoble Cedex 9 , France
| | - Emily R Draper
- School of Chemistry , University of Glasgow , Glasgow G12 8QQ , U.K
| | - Dave J Adams
- School of Chemistry , University of Glasgow , Glasgow G12 8QQ , U.K
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30
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Seibt S, With S, Bernet A, Schmidt HW, Förster S. Hydrogelation Kinetics Measured in a Microfluidic Device with in Situ X-ray and Fluorescence Detection. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:5535-5544. [PMID: 29583009 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b00384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Efficient hydrogelators will gel water fast and at low concentrations. Small molecule gelling agents that assemble into fibers and fiber networks are particularly effective hydrogelators. Whereas it is straightforward to determine their critical concentration for hydrogelation, the kinetics of hydrogelation is more difficult to study because it is often very fast, occurring on the subsecond time scale. We used a 3D focusing microfluidic device combined with fluorescence microscopy and in situ small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) to study the fast pH-induced gelation of a model small molecule gelling agent at the millisecond time scale. The gelator is a 1,3,5-benzene tricarboxamide which upon acidification assembles into nanofibrils and fibril networks that show a characteristic photoluminescence. By adjusting the flow rates, the regime of early nanofibril formation and gelation could be followed along the microfluidic reaction channel. The measured fluorescence intensity profiles were analyzed in terms of a diffusion-advection-reaction model to determine the association rate constant, which is in a typical range for the small molecule self-assembly. Using in situ SAXS, we could determine the dimensions of the fibers that were formed during the early self-assembly process. The detailed structure of the fibers was subsequently determined by cryotransmission electron microscopy. The study demonstrates that 3D focusing microfluidic devices are a powerful means to study the self-assembly on the millisecond time scale, which is applied to reveal early state of hydrogelation kinetics. In combination with in situ fluorescence and X-ray scattering, these experiments provide detailed insights into the first self-assembly steps and their reaction rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Seibt
- JCNS-1/ICS-1, Forschungszentrum Jülich , 52425 Jülich , Germany
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31
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Hsu SM, Chakravarthy RD, Cheng H, Wu FY, Lai TS, Lin HC. The role of aromatic side chains on the supramolecular hydrogelation of naphthalimide/dipeptide conjugates. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj03565a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This study demonstrates the influence of an amino-acid side chain of NI-dipeptides on supramolecular hydrogelation and biocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Min Hsu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsinchu
- Republic of China
| | - Rajan Deepan Chakravarthy
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsinchu
- Republic of China
| | - Hsun Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsinchu
- Republic of China
| | - Fang-Yi Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsinchu
- Republic of China
| | - Tsung-Sheng Lai
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsinchu
- Republic of China
| | - Hsin-Chieh Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsinchu
- Republic of China
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32
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Mears LE, Draper ER, Castilla AM, Su H, Zhuola, Dietrich B, Nolan MC, Smith GN, Doutch J, Rogers S, Akhtar R, Cui H, Adams DJ. Drying Affects the Fiber Network in Low Molecular Weight Hydrogels. Biomacromolecules 2017; 18:3531-3540. [PMID: 28631478 PMCID: PMC5686561 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b00823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Low molecular weight gels are formed by the self-assembly of a suitable small molecule gelator into a three-dimensional network of fibrous structures. The gel properties are determined by the fiber structures, the number and type of cross-links and the distribution of the fibers and cross-links in space. Probing these structures and cross-links is difficult. Many reports rely on microscopy of dried gels (xerogels), where the solvent is removed prior to imaging. The assumption is made that this has little effect on the structures, but it is not clear that this assumption is always (or ever) valid. Here, we use small angle neutron scattering (SANS) to probe low molecular weight hydrogels formed by the self-assembly of dipeptides. We compare scattering data for wet and dried gels, as well as following the drying process. We show that the assumption that drying does not affect the network is not always correct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura
L. E. Mears
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Emily R. Draper
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
- School
of Chemistry, WESTChem, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Ana M. Castilla
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Hao Su
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Zhuola
- Department
of Mechanical, Materials and Aerospace Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GH, United Kingdom
| | - Bart Dietrich
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
- School
of Chemistry, WESTChem, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Michael C. Nolan
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
- School
of Chemistry, WESTChem, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Gregory N. Smith
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, S3 7HF, United Kingdom
| | - James Doutch
- STFC
ISIS
Neutron and Muon Source, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, Didcot, OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Rogers
- STFC
ISIS
Neutron and Muon Source, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, Didcot, OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Riaz Akhtar
- Department
of Mechanical, Materials and Aerospace Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GH, United Kingdom
| | - Honggang Cui
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Dave J. Adams
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
- School
of Chemistry, WESTChem, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
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33
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Mason TO, Michaels TCT, Levin A, Dobson CM, Gazit E, Knowles TPJ, Buell AK. Thermodynamics of Polypeptide Supramolecular Assembly in the Short-Chain Limit. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:16134-16142. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b00229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas O. Mason
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas C. T. Michaels
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, United Kingdom
- Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Aviad Levin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ehud Gazit
- Department for Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Tel Aviv, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Tuomas P. J. Knowles
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander K. Buell
- Institute of Physical Biology, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
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34
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Castilla AM, Draper ER, Nolan MC, Brasnett C, Seddon A, Mears LLE, Cowieson N, Adams DJ. Self-sorted Oligophenylvinylene and Perylene Bisimide Hydrogels. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8380. [PMID: 28827598 PMCID: PMC5566499 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08644-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe two component hydrogels with networks composed of self-sorted fibres. The component gelators are based on 1,4-distyrylbenzene (OPV3) and perylene bisimide (PBI) units. Self-sorted gels can be formed by a slow decrease in pH, which leads to sequential assembly. We demonstrate self-sorting by NMR, rheology and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). Photoconductive xerogels can be prepared by drying these gels. The wavelength response of the xerogel is different to that of the PBI alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M Castilla
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK
| | - Emily R Draper
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK.,School of Chemistry, WestCHEM, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Michael C Nolan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK.,School of Chemistry, WestCHEM, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Christopher Brasnett
- School of Physics, HH Wills Physics Laboratory, Tyndall Avenue, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TL, UK
| | - Annela Seddon
- School of Physics, HH Wills Physics Laboratory, Tyndall Avenue, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TL, UK.,Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials, HH Wills Physics Laboratory, Tyndall Avenue, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TL, UK
| | - Laura L E Mears
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK
| | - Nathan Cowieson
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0QX, UK
| | - Dave J Adams
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK. .,School of Chemistry, WestCHEM, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK.
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35
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McEwen H, Du EY, Mata JP, Thordarson P, Martin AD. Tuning hydrogels through metal-based gelation triggers. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:9412-9417. [DOI: 10.1039/c7tb02140b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
N-terminal capped tripeptides self-assemble into hydrogels with tuneable properties depending on gelation trigger, giving differences in structure, stiffness and biocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly McEwen
- School of Chemistry
- the Australian Centre for Nanomedicine and the ARC Centre for Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology
- University of New South Wales
- Sydney
- Australia
| | - Eric Y. Du
- School of Chemistry
- the Australian Centre for Nanomedicine and the ARC Centre for Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology
- University of New South Wales
- Sydney
- Australia
| | - Jitendra P. Mata
- Australian Centre for Neutron Scattering
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO)
- Australia
| | - Pall Thordarson
- School of Chemistry
- the Australian Centre for Nanomedicine and the ARC Centre for Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology
- University of New South Wales
- Sydney
- Australia
| | - Adam D. Martin
- School of Chemistry
- the Australian Centre for Nanomedicine and the ARC Centre for Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology
- University of New South Wales
- Sydney
- Australia
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